Unit 4 Friends Forever 词汇导学单（含答案）-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第一册
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 4 Friends Forever 词汇导学单（含答案）-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第一册 |
|
|
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 25.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-20 00:00:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
B1.4.1 Vocabulary （导学单）
1.prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿
派生：preference n. 偏爱；偏爱的事物
搭配：prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B prefer to do sth.=prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth. to doing sth 比起做某事更喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do... rather than do...＝would rather do... than do...=would do sth.rather than do sth. 宁愿做…而不愿意做…
have a preference for 偏爱；特别喜爱
2.lose track of 失去联系；忘记；不了解……的动态
搭配：keep track of 与……保持联系；了解……的动态
keep/stay in touch (with) (与……)保持联系
get in touch (with) (与……)取得联系 lose touch (with) (与……)失去联系
be on the track of...追寻...的踪迹；be on track to do sth. 有望做......，处于......的正轨
3.deliver vt.&vi. 递送；传送；发表演讲；接生
派生：delivery n. 递送；传递； 生产→ deliverable adj.可递送的；可交付的
搭配：deliver sth to sb. 把（邮件、货物等）投递/递送/传送给某人
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说；作演讲；致辞
deliver a baby 接生 deliver a judgment宣布判决
deliver oneself to... 向...投案，向...自首；自愿接受惩罚或责任
4.thanks to归功于..; 多亏...由于；因为
拓展：表示“因为；由于”的短语
owing to ； due to ； because of； as a result of,；on account of
5.advance n．前进；进步；进展 vt. & vi.取得进步；有进展；提升；前进；促进；提前；
派生：advanced adj. 在前面的；先进的；高级的，高等的
搭配：advance on/upon/towards... 朝……前进
in advance (＝ahead of time) 提前；预先 in advance of... 在……之前；比……先进
make an advance in (doing) sth.= make great advances in=make progress in 在某方面取得进步
6.significantly adv.重大地，显著地
派生：significant adj.重要的；意义重大的 → significance n. 重要性；意义
搭配：be of significance =be significant 有重大意义 It is significant that ······很重要
7.enable v．使可能，使发生
派生：unable adj.不能的，不会的；无能力的→ability n．能力
搭配： enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 be able to do sth. 有能力做某事
8.tend vi.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 vt.倾向，趋向；照料，照管；招待
派生：tendency n. 倾向，趋势
搭配：tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于……；有……的趋势
tend to do sth. 常常会做某事；易于做某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照料；护理 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
9.criminal n．罪犯
派生：crime n．犯罪 vt. 控告……违反纪律
10. acquire v. 获得，得到
派生：acquisition n.获得，获得物→ acquirable adj. 可得的，可获得的→ acquired adj.已得到的; 获得的；购得的；学到的
搭配：acquire a taste for sth开始喜欢上某物 acquire the right to do sth 取得做某事的权利
11.prove v.证明，证实
搭配：prove yourself 自我证明 prove to be 结果是，证明为
prove sth to sb 向某人证实某事 It can be proved that 可以证实的是
There is proof that 有证据表明
12.inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
派生：inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;富有灵感的→ inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞
搭配： inspire/encourage sb. to do... 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth 用…激励某人
fort n．安慰，慰藉；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰
派生：comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的→comfortably adv.舒服地，舒适地
→uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
搭配：in comfort 舒适地
It is a comfort to do sth. 做……是件令人安慰的事
give comfort to sb.安慰某人 take/have/find comfort (in…)从……中得到安慰
comfort zone 舒适区
comfort… with用……安慰 comfort sb. for sth.因某事安慰某人
14. patience n．耐心；忍耐，忍受
派生：patient adj. 耐心的；能忍受的 n. 病人→patiently adv. 耐心地，坚韧不拔地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的；没有耐心的→impatience n．不耐烦
搭配： take patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事 lose patience with 对……失去耐心
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 be patient of sth. 忍受/忍耐某事
with patience＝patiently 耐心地 beyond patience 无法忍受
have no patience with sb 对某人毫无耐性
15.anxious adj. 忧虑的，不安的
派生：anxious adj.焦虑的→anxiously adv.不安地→ anxiety n．焦虑
搭配：be anxious about/for sth.=be worried about sth =be concerned about sth为某事担心/担忧
be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事
be anxious that... 希望…; 担心…；着急…; with anxiety 焦虑地
16.postpone v. 推迟
搭配：postpone doing sth 推迟做某事 postpone to 推迟到
拓展: 表示推迟的表达有：delay; put off； defer
17.distance n. 距离 v.与······保持距离；撇清与······的关系
派生：distant adj. 遥远的；久远的
拓展：be distant from... 离……远
distance oneself/sb./sth.（from sb./sth.）拉开距离；与……疏远
at a distance (of)... 在……远的地方；距离稍远
in the distance 在远处（距离较远）
at/from a distance 从远处，离开一段距离（距离较近）
distance oneself from =keep one’s distance from=keep sb at a distance与某人保持距离
18.fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款
派生：fortunate adj.幸运的 → fortunately adv.幸运地→ unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的
→unfortunately adv.不幸地
搭配：make a/one’s fortune 发财 be fortunate to do=be fortunate in doing 做某事很幸运
19.appointed adj.约定的；指定的; 委任的
派生：appoint v. 任命；委派 → appointment n. 任命；约会；约定
搭配：appoint sb to…任命某人到……职位
appoint sb (as/ to be)…任命某人为… =sb. be appointed as sth 任命某人担任某职务
appoint sb to do sth=sb. be appointed to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appoint sth for sth为（某事）约定（时间）
have/make an appointment with 与某人有约会 keep an appointment 守约
20.strike（strike→ struck→ struck/stricken） v.划（火柴）； 撞击；击中；打中；敲响；报时；罢工；侵袭；爆发；突然想到
搭配：air strike 空袭
be on strike 罢工；在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工
It strikes sb that 某人突然想到=It hits sb that =It occurs to sb that
be struck with/by... 被……所袭击/感动
strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人的某个部位
21.ashamed adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的 ；惭愧的
派生：shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧
拓展：be ashamed of (doing) sth对(做)某事感到羞愧
be ashamed for因某事或做了某事而感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth耻于做某事
be ashamed that…对……感到惭愧 to one’s shame令某人感到惭愧是
22.surroundings n. 环境
派生：surrounding adj.周围的→ surround v.包围，围绕
搭配： surround ...with... 用······包围······ be surrounded by/with 被······包围
练习题
Her ideas are always (inspire).
2. When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.
3. We prefer _____________ (describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.
4. There was a nice kitchen and a (comfort) bed.
5.We spotted them waving to us a distance of two hundred meters.
6. She’s very patient young children, but she is impatient the task.
7.If you buy it now, (deliver) is free of charge.
8. He is painfully aware of his lack of experience so he is looking for a suitable career with (anxious).
1.inspiring 2.struck 3.describing/to describe 4.comfortable 5.at
6.with；of 7. delivery 8.anxiety
1.prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿
派生：preference n. 偏爱；偏爱的事物
搭配：prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B prefer to do sth.=prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth. to doing sth 比起做某事更喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do... rather than do...＝would rather do... than do...=would do sth.rather than do sth. 宁愿做…而不愿意做…
have a preference for 偏爱；特别喜爱
2.lose track of 失去联系；忘记；不了解……的动态
搭配：keep track of 与……保持联系；了解……的动态
keep/stay in touch (with) (与……)保持联系
get in touch (with) (与……)取得联系 lose touch (with) (与……)失去联系
be on the track of...追寻...的踪迹；be on track to do sth. 有望做......，处于......的正轨
3.deliver vt.&vi. 递送；传送；发表演讲；接生
派生：delivery n. 递送；传递； 生产→ deliverable adj.可递送的；可交付的
搭配：deliver sth to sb. 把（邮件、货物等）投递/递送/传送给某人
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说；作演讲；致辞
deliver a baby 接生 deliver a judgment宣布判决
deliver oneself to... 向...投案，向...自首；自愿接受惩罚或责任
4.thanks to归功于..; 多亏...由于；因为
拓展：表示“因为；由于”的短语
owing to ； due to ； because of； as a result of,；on account of
5.advance n．前进；进步；进展 vt. & vi.取得进步；有进展；提升；前进；促进；提前；
派生：advanced adj. 在前面的；先进的；高级的，高等的
搭配：advance on/upon/towards... 朝……前进
in advance (＝ahead of time) 提前；预先 in advance of... 在……之前；比……先进
make an advance in (doing) sth.= make great advances in=make progress in 在某方面取得进步
6.significantly adv.重大地，显著地
派生：significant adj.重要的；意义重大的 → significance n. 重要性；意义
搭配：be of significance =be significant 有重大意义 It is significant that ······很重要
7.enable v．使可能，使发生
派生：unable adj.不能的，不会的；无能力的→ability n．能力
搭配： enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 be able to do sth. 有能力做某事
8.tend vi.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 vt.倾向，趋向；照料，照管；招待
派生：tendency n. 倾向，趋势
搭配：tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于……；有……的趋势
tend to do sth. 常常会做某事；易于做某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照料；护理 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
9.criminal n．罪犯
派生：crime n．犯罪 vt. 控告……违反纪律
10. acquire v. 获得，得到
派生：acquisition n.获得，获得物→ acquirable adj. 可得的，可获得的→ acquired adj.已得到的; 获得的；购得的；学到的
搭配：acquire a taste for sth开始喜欢上某物 acquire the right to do sth 取得做某事的权利
11.prove v.证明，证实
搭配：prove yourself 自我证明 prove to be 结果是，证明为
prove sth to sb 向某人证实某事 It can be proved that 可以证实的是
There is proof that 有证据表明
12.inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
派生：inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;富有灵感的→ inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞
搭配： inspire/encourage sb. to do... 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth 用…激励某人
fort n．安慰，慰藉；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰
派生：comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的→comfortably adv.舒服地，舒适地
→uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
搭配：in comfort 舒适地
It is a comfort to do sth. 做……是件令人安慰的事
give comfort to sb.安慰某人 take/have/find comfort (in…)从……中得到安慰
comfort zone 舒适区
comfort… with用……安慰 comfort sb. for sth.因某事安慰某人
14. patience n．耐心；忍耐，忍受
派生：patient adj. 耐心的；能忍受的 n. 病人→patiently adv. 耐心地，坚韧不拔地
impatient adj. 不耐烦的；没有耐心的→impatience n．不耐烦
搭配： take patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事 lose patience with 对……失去耐心
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 be patient of sth. 忍受/忍耐某事
with patience＝patiently 耐心地 beyond patience 无法忍受
have no patience with sb 对某人毫无耐性
15.anxious adj. 忧虑的，不安的
派生：anxious adj.焦虑的→anxiously adv.不安地→ anxiety n．焦虑
搭配：be anxious about/for sth.=be worried about sth =be concerned about sth为某事担心/担忧
be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事
be anxious that... 希望…; 担心…；着急…; with anxiety 焦虑地
16.postpone v. 推迟
搭配：postpone doing sth 推迟做某事 postpone to 推迟到
拓展: 表示推迟的表达有：delay; put off； defer
17.distance n. 距离 v.与······保持距离；撇清与······的关系
派生：distant adj. 遥远的；久远的
拓展：be distant from... 离……远
distance oneself/sb./sth.（from sb./sth.）拉开距离；与……疏远
at a distance (of)... 在……远的地方；距离稍远
in the distance 在远处（距离较远）
at/from a distance 从远处，离开一段距离（距离较近）
distance oneself from =keep one’s distance from=keep sb at a distance与某人保持距离
18.fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款
派生：fortunate adj.幸运的 → fortunately adv.幸运地→ unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的
→unfortunately adv.不幸地
搭配：make a/one’s fortune 发财 be fortunate to do=be fortunate in doing 做某事很幸运
19.appointed adj.约定的；指定的; 委任的
派生：appoint v. 任命；委派 → appointment n. 任命；约会；约定
搭配：appoint sb to…任命某人到……职位
appoint sb (as/ to be)…任命某人为… =sb. be appointed as sth 任命某人担任某职务
appoint sb to do sth=sb. be appointed to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appoint sth for sth为（某事）约定（时间）
have/make an appointment with 与某人有约会 keep an appointment 守约
20.strike（strike→ struck→ struck/stricken） v.划（火柴）； 撞击；击中；打中；敲响；报时；罢工；侵袭；爆发；突然想到
搭配：air strike 空袭
be on strike 罢工；在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工
It strikes sb that 某人突然想到=It hits sb that =It occurs to sb that
be struck with/by... 被……所袭击/感动
strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人的某个部位
21.ashamed adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的 ；惭愧的
派生：shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧
拓展：be ashamed of (doing) sth对(做)某事感到羞愧
be ashamed for因某事或做了某事而感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth耻于做某事
be ashamed that…对……感到惭愧 to one’s shame令某人感到惭愧是
22.surroundings n. 环境
派生：surrounding adj.周围的→ surround v.包围，围绕
搭配： surround ...with... 用······包围······ be surrounded by/with 被······包围
练习题
Her ideas are always (inspire).
2. When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago.
3. We prefer _____________ (describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.
4. There was a nice kitchen and a (comfort) bed.
5.We spotted them waving to us a distance of two hundred meters.
6. She’s very patient young children, but she is impatient the task.
7.If you buy it now, (deliver) is free of charge.
8. He is painfully aware of his lack of experience so he is looking for a suitable career with (anxious).
1.inspiring 2.struck 3.describing/to describe 4.comfortable 5.at
6.with；of 7. delivery 8.anxiety