Unit 5 Revealing nature 一轮复习单词及派生词语境记忆法 导学案（含答案）-2026届高三英语外研版选择性必修第一册
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Revealing nature 一轮复习单词及派生词语境记忆法 导学案（含答案）-2026届高三英语外研版选择性必修第一册 |
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| 文件大小 | 30.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-11-20 14:45:08 | ||
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外研版高中英语选择性必修1—生词及派生词语境记忆法
Unit 5 Revealing nature
seed n. 种子，籽；v. 播种，结籽；seedling n. 幼苗；seeded adj. 已播种的，（体育比赛）被列为种子选手的；seedy adj. 破旧的，不整洁的（非正式，引申义）
英文：She planted sunflower ______ in the garden—farmers usually ______ the fields in spring; the ______ needs more water to grow, and the top player is ______ first in the tournament; that old hotel looks a bit ______.
中文：她在花园里种了向日葵种子 —— 农民通常在春天播种田地；幼苗需要更多水来生长，而且这位顶尖选手在锦标赛中被列为一号种子；那家旧旅馆看起来有点破旧。
distant adj. 遥远的，疏远的；distance n. 距离，疏远；distantly adv. 遥远地，疏远地；distance v. 拉开距离，与…… 疏远（非正式）
英文：The village is in a ______ mountain area—the ______ between the two cities is 200 kilometers; she is ______ related to the writer, and he tried to ______ himself from the controversy.
中文：这个村庄位于遥远的山区 —— 两座城市之间的距离是 200 公里；她和那位作家有远亲关系，而且他试图与这场争议保持距离。
disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱；v. 使丢脸，使蒙羞；disgraceful adj. 丢脸的，不光彩的；disgracefully adv. 丢脸地，不光彩地
英文：His lying brought ______ on his family—he ______ himself by cheating in the exam; their ______ behavior was criticized by everyone, and they acted ______ in public.
中文：他的谎言让家人蒙羞 —— 他因考试作弊而自取其辱；他们不光彩的行为受到了所有人的批评，而且他们在公共场合表现得很丢脸。
geology n. 地质学；geologist n. 地质学家；geological adj. 地质的，地质学的；geologically adv. 从地质学角度
英文：She studies ______ at university—the ______ discovered a new rock formation; this area has unique ______ features, and ______ speaking, this mountain is millions of years old.
中文：她在大学里学习地质学 —— 这位地质学家发现了一个新的岩层；这个地区有独特的地质特征，而且从地质学角度来说，这座山已有数百万年历史。
sample n. 样本，样品；v. 采样，品尝（样品）；sampler n. 采样器，刺绣样本；sampled adj. 已采样的，抽样的；sampling n. 采样，抽样
英文：The lab analyzed a ______ of water—we need to ______ the soil in different areas; this ______ can collect air samples, and the ______ data will be used for research; the ______ process takes about an hour.
中文：实验室分析了一份水样 —— 我们需要在不同区域采集土壤样本；这个采样器能收集空气样本，而且抽样数据将用于研究；采样过程大约需要一小时。
evolve v. 进化，发展；evolution n. 进化（论）；evolutionary adj. 进化的，发展的；evolutionarily adv. 从进化角度，逐步地
英文：Species ______ over millions of years—Darwin’s theory of ______ changed people’s views; this is an ______ process, and ______ , humans are closely related to apes.
中文：物种经过数百万年进化 —— 达尔文的进化论改变了人们的认知；这是一个进化过程，而且从进化角度来说，人类与类人猿关系密切。
suspect v. 猜想，怀疑；n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象；suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心；suspicious adj. 可疑的，多疑的；suspiciously adv. 可疑地，多疑地；suspected adj. 被怀疑的
英文：I ______ he knows the truth—the police arrested a ______ in the case; her ______ was proved right, and his ______ behavior made others wary; he looked at me ______ , and the ______ thief was later released.
中文：我猜想他知道真相 —— 警方逮捕了案件中的一名嫌疑犯；她的怀疑被证实是对的，而且他可疑的行为让其他人很警惕；他多疑地看着我，后来被怀疑的小偷被释放了。
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先；ancestral adj. 祖先的，祖传的；ancestry n. 祖先，世系（总称）
英文：This bird is the ______ of modern finches—they visited their ______ home last year; her ______ can be traced back to ancient Rome.
中文：这种鸟是现代雀科鸣禽的祖先 —— 他们去年参观了祖宅；她的祖先可以追溯到古罗马时期。
generate v. 产生，创造；generation n. 一代（人），产生；generative adj. 生成的，有创造力的；generatively adv. 生成地，创造性地；generator n. 发电机，发生器
英文：The machine ______ electricity—this new policy will benefit the next ______; she has a ______ mind, and the software works ______ to create art; the ______ provides power during blackouts.
中文：这台机器发电 —— 这项新政策将惠及下一代人；她有创造性思维，而且这款软件能生成式地创作艺术；停电时发电机提供电力。
characteristic n. 特征，特性；adj. 典型的，特有的；characteristically adv. 典型地，特有地；character n. 性格，特征
英文：Bright colors are a ______ of his paintings—this style is ______ of traditional folk art; she ______ arrives early for meetings, and he has a strong ______.
中文：鲜艳的色彩是他画作的特征 —— 这种风格是传统民间艺术的典型特点；她习惯性地早到开会，而且他性格坚强。
decline v. 减少，下降；n. 减少，衰退；declining adj. 减少的，衰退的；declined adj. 被拒绝的，衰退的（过去分词作形容词）
英文：The number of students is ______—there has been a ______ in sales this quarter; the ______ economy worries many people, and his invitation was ______ politely.
中文：学生人数正在减少 —— 本季度销售额有所下降；衰退的经济让很多人担忧，而且他的邀请被礼貌地拒绝了。
blame v. 责怪，指责；把…… 归咎于；n. 责任，责怪；blameless adj. 无过错的，无可指责的；blameworthy adj. 该受责备的；blamably adv. 该受责备地
英文：Don’t ______ him for the mistake—she took the ______ for the accident; he is ______ in this matter, and their ______ actions caused the problem; they acted ______ by ignoring the rules.
中文：别因为这个错误责怪他 —— 她为这场事故承担了责任；在这件事上他没有过错，而且他们该受责备的行为引发了问题；他们无视规则，行为该受指责。
native adj. 本土的，原产于…… 的；n. 本地人，土生土长的人；natively adv. 生来地，本土地；nativeness n. 本土性，出生地
英文：This plant is ______ to South America—the ______ here are very friendly; she speaks French ______, and the ______ of his accent shows he grew up here.
中文：这种植物原产于南美洲 —— 这里的本地人很友好；她天生会说法语，而且他口音的本土性表明他在这里长大。
primitive adj. 原始的，低等的；n. 原始人，原始事物；primitiveness n. 原始性，落后；primitively adv. 原始地，简单地
英文：Early humans used ______ tools—anthropologists studied the life of ______; the ______ of the equipment limited their work, and they lived ______ in the forest.
中文：早期人类使用原始工具 —— 人类学家研究原始人的生活；设备的原始性限制了他们的工作，而且他们在森林里过着简单原始的生活。
giant adj. 巨大的，特大的；n. 巨人，巨头（企业 / 组织）；giantly adv. 巨大地，庞大地；giantism n. 巨人症（医学术语）
英文：They built a ______ statue in the square—this company is a ______ in the tech industry; the project grew ______ in scale, and the doctor treated a patient with ______.
中文：他们在广场上建了一座巨大的雕像 —— 这家公司是科技行业的巨头；这个项目规模大幅扩大，而且医生治疗了一位患有巨人症的病人。
detect v. 发现，察觉；detection n. 发现，探测；detective adj. 侦探的；n. 侦探；detectable adj. 可察觉的，可探测的；detectably adv. 可察觉地
英文：The machine can ______ small changes—early ______ of the disease saves lives; she works as a ______ in a private agency, and the smell is barely ______; the temperature dropped ______ overnight.
中文：这台机器能检测到微小变化 —— 疾病的早期发现能挽救生命；她在一家私人机构当侦探，而且这种气味几乎无法察觉；夜间气温有可察觉的下降。
link v. 把…… 联系起来；连接；n. 联系，链接；linked adj. 有联系的，连接的；linkable adj. 可链接的，可关联的；linkage n. 连接，关联（正式）
英文：Scientists ______ smoking to lung cancer—there is a close ______ between diet and health; these two events are ______, and the data is ______ to other studies; the ______ between the two systems needs to be improved.
中文：科学家把吸烟和肺癌联系起来 —— 饮食和健康之间有密切关联；这两件事有关联，而且这些数据可与其他研究关联；这两个系统之间的连接需要改进。
fungus n. 真菌（复数 fungi）；fungal adj. 真菌的；fungally adv. 真菌地，由真菌引起地；mycosis n. 真菌病（医学术语，延伸）
英文：This ______ grows in dark places—______ are important for decomposing organic matter; the plant has a ______ infection, and it was ______ treated; the doctor diagnosed him with ______.
中文：这种真菌生长在阴暗处 —— 真菌对分解有机物很重要；这株植物有真菌感染，而且接受了真菌治疗；医生诊断他患有真菌病。
cybercrime n. 网络犯罪；cybercriminal n. 网络罪犯；adj. 网络犯罪的；cybersecurity n. 网络安全；cyber adj. 网络的
英文：The police are fighting ______—they arrested a ______ last week; this app has strong ______ features, and it can prevent ______ attacks.
中文：警方正在打击网络犯罪 —— 他们上周逮捕了一名网络罪犯；这款应用有强大的网络安全功能，而且能防范网络攻击。
centimetre n. 厘米（缩写 cm）；centimetrical adj. 厘米的，按厘米计算的；centimeter n. 厘米（美式拼写）
英文：The book is 20 ______ thick—this ruler is marked in ______ units; in the US, people often use "______" instead of "centimetre".
中文：这本书有 20 厘米厚 —— 这把尺子以厘米为单位标注；在美国，人们常常用 “centimeter” 而非 “centimetre” 表示厘米。
外研版高中英语选择性必修1—生词及派生词语境记忆法
答案
Unit 5 Revealing nature
seed n. 种子，籽；v. 播种，结籽；seedling n. 幼苗；seeded adj. 已播种的，（体育比赛）被列为种子选手的；seedy adj. 破旧的，不整洁的（非正式，引申义）
英文：She planted sunflower seeds in the garden—farmers usually seed the fields in spring; the seedling needs more water to grow, and the top player is seeded first in the tournament; that old hotel looks a bit seedy.
中文：她在花园里种了向日葵种子 —— 农民通常在春天播种田地；幼苗需要更多水来生长，而且这位顶尖选手在锦标赛中被列为一号种子；那家旧旅馆看起来有点破旧。
distant adj. 遥远的，疏远的；distance n. 距离，疏远；distantly adv. 遥远地，疏远地；distance v. 拉开距离，与…… 疏远（非正式）
英文：The village is in a distant mountain area—the distance between the two cities is 200 kilometers; she is distantly related to the writer, and he tried to distance himself from the controversy.
中文：这个村庄位于遥远的山区 —— 两座城市之间的距离是 200 公里；她和那位作家有远亲关系，而且他试图与这场争议保持距离。
disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱；v. 使丢脸，使蒙羞；disgraceful adj. 丢脸的，不光彩的；disgracefully adv. 丢脸地，不光彩地
英文：His lying brought disgrace on his family—he disgraced himself by cheating in the exam; their disgraceful behavior was criticized by everyone, and they acted disgracefully in public.
中文：他的谎言让家人蒙羞 —— 他因考试作弊而自取其辱；他们不光彩的行为受到了所有人的批评，而且他们在公共场合表现得很丢脸。
geology n. 地质学；geologist n. 地质学家；geological adj. 地质的，地质学的；geologically adv. 从地质学角度
英文：She studies geology at university—the geologist discovered a new rock formation; this area has unique geological features, and geologically speaking, this mountain is millions of years old.
中文：她在大学里学习地质学 —— 这位地质学家发现了一个新的岩层；这个地区有独特的地质特征，而且从地质学角度来说，这座山已有数百万年历史。
sample n. 样本，样品；v. 采样，品尝（样品）；sampler n. 采样器，刺绣样本；sampled adj. 已采样的，抽样的；sampling n. 采样，抽样
英文：The lab analyzed a sample of water—we need to sample the soil in different areas; this sampler can collect air samples, and the sampled data will be used for research; the sampling process takes about an hour.
中文：实验室分析了一份水样 —— 我们需要在不同区域采集土壤样本；这个采样器能收集空气样本，而且抽样数据将用于研究；采样过程大约需要一小时。
evolve v. 进化，发展；evolution n. 进化（论）；evolutionary adj. 进化的，发展的；evolutionarily adv. 从进化角度，逐步地
英文：Species evolve over millions of years—Darwin’s theory of evolution changed people’s views; this is an evolutionary process, and evolutionarily, humans are closely related to apes.
中文：物种经过数百万年进化 —— 达尔文的进化论改变了人们的认知；这是一个进化过程，而且从进化角度来说，人类与类人猿关系密切。
suspect v. 猜想，怀疑；n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象；suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心；suspicious adj. 可疑的，多疑的；suspiciously adv. 可疑地，多疑地；suspected adj. 被怀疑的
英文：I suspect he knows the truth—the police arrested a suspect in the case; her suspicion was proved right, and his suspicious behavior made others wary; he looked at me suspiciously, and the suspected thief was later released.
中文：我猜想他知道真相 —— 警方逮捕了案件中的一名嫌疑犯；她的怀疑被证实是对的，而且他可疑的行为让其他人很警惕；他多疑地看着我，后来被怀疑的小偷被释放了。
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先；ancestral adj. 祖先的，祖传的；ancestry n. 祖先，世系（总称）
英文：This bird is the ancestor of modern finches—they visited their ancestral home last year; her ancestry can be traced back to ancient Rome.
中文：这种鸟是现代雀科鸣禽的祖先 —— 他们去年参观了祖宅；她的祖先可以追溯到古罗马时期。
generate v. 产生，创造；generation n. 一代（人），产生；generative adj. 生成的，有创造力的；generatively adv. 生成地，创造性地；generator n. 发电机，发生器
英文：The machine generates electricity—this new policy will benefit the next generation; she has a generative mind, and the software works generatively to create art; the generator provides power during blackouts.
中文：这台机器发电 —— 这项新政策将惠及下一代人；她有创造性思维，而且这款软件能生成式地创作艺术；停电时发电机提供电力。
characteristic n. 特征，特性；adj. 典型的，特有的；characteristically adv. 典型地，特有地；character n. 性格，特征（基础关联词）
英文：Bright colors are a characteristic of his paintings—this style is characteristic of traditional folk art; she characteristically arrives early for meetings, and he has a strong character.
中文：鲜艳的色彩是他画作的特征 —— 这种风格是传统民间艺术的典型特点；她习惯性地早到开会，而且他性格坚强。
decline v. 减少，下降；n. 减少，衰退；declining adj. 减少的，衰退的；declined adj. 被拒绝的，衰退的（过去分词作形容词）
英文：The number of students is declining—there has been a decline in sales this quarter; the declining economy worries many people, and his invitation was declined politely.
中文：学生人数正在减少 —— 本季度销售额有所下降；衰退的经济让很多人担忧，而且他的邀请被礼貌地拒绝了。
blame v. 责怪，指责；把…… 归咎于；n. 责任，责怪；blameless adj. 无过错的，无可指责的；blameworthy adj. 该受责备的；blamably adv. 该受责备地
英文：Don’t blame him for the mistake—she took the blame for the accident; he is blameless in this matter, and their blameworthy actions caused the problem; they acted blamably by ignoring the rules.
中文：别因为这个错误责怪他 —— 她为这场事故承担了责任；在这件事上他没有过错，而且他们该受责备的行为引发了问题；他们无视规则，行为该受指责。
native adj. 本土的，原产于…… 的；n. 本地人，土生土长的人；natively adv. 生来地，本土地；nativeness n. 本土性，出生地
英文：This plant is native to South America—the natives here are very friendly; she speaks French natively, and the nativeness of his accent shows he grew up here.
中文：这种植物原产于南美洲 —— 这里的本地人很友好；她天生会说法语，而且他口音的本土性表明他在这里长大。
primitive adj. 原始的，低等的；n. 原始人，原始事物；primitiveness n. 原始性，落后；primitively adv. 原始地，简单地
英文：Early humans used primitive tools—anthropologists studied the life of primitives; the primitiveness of the equipment limited their work, and they lived primitively in the forest.
中文：早期人类使用原始工具 —— 人类学家研究原始人的生活；设备的原始性限制了他们的工作，而且他们在森林里过着简单原始的生活。
giant adj. 巨大的，特大的；n. 巨人，巨头（企业 / 组织）；giantly adv. 巨大地，庞大地；giantism n. 巨人症（医学术语）
英文：They built a giant statue in the square—this company is a giant in the tech industry; the project grew giantly in scale, and the doctor treated a patient with giantism.
中文：他们在广场上建了一座巨大的雕像 —— 这家公司是科技行业的巨头；这个项目规模大幅扩大，而且医生治疗了一位患有巨人症的病人。
detect v. 发现，察觉；detection n. 发现，探测；detective adj. 侦探的；n. 侦探；detectable adj. 可察觉的，可探测的；detectably adv. 可察觉地
英文：The machine can detect small changes—early detection of the disease saves lives; she works as a detective in a private agency, and the smell is barely detectable; the temperature dropped detectably overnight.
中文：这台机器能检测到微小变化 —— 疾病的早期发现能挽救生命；她在一家私人机构当侦探，而且这种气味几乎无法察觉；夜间气温有可察觉的下降。
link v. 把…… 联系起来；连接；n. 联系，链接；linked adj. 有联系的，连接的；linkable adj. 可链接的，可关联的；linkage n. 连接，关联（正式）
英文：Scientists link smoking to lung cancer—there is a close link between diet and health; these two events are linked, and the data is linkable to other studies; the linkage between the two systems needs to be improved.
中文：科学家把吸烟和肺癌联系起来 —— 饮食和健康之间有密切关联；这两件事有关联，而且这些数据可与其他研究关联；这两个系统之间的连接需要改进。
fungus n. 真菌（复数 fungi，用户已列）；fungal adj. 真菌的；fungally adv. 真菌地，由真菌引起地；mycosis n. 真菌病（医学术语，延伸）
英文：This fungus grows in dark places—fungi are important for decomposing organic matter; the plant has a fungal infection, and it was fungally treated; the doctor diagnosed him with mycosis.
中文：这种真菌生长在阴暗处 —— 真菌对分解有机物很重要；这株植物有真菌感染，而且接受了真菌治疗；医生诊断他患有真菌病。
cybercrime n. 网络犯罪；cybercriminal n. 网络罪犯；adj. 网络犯罪的；cybersecurity n. 网络安全（延伸关联）；cyber adj. 网络的（基础词）
英文：The police are fighting cybercrime—they arrested a cybercriminal last week; this app has strong cybersecurity features, and it can prevent cyber attacks.
中文：警方正在打击网络犯罪 —— 他们上周逮捕了一名网络罪犯；这款应用有强大的网络安全功能，而且能防范网络攻击。
centimetre n. 厘米（缩写 cm）；centimetrical adj. 厘米的，按厘米计算的；centimeter n. 厘米（美式拼写）
英文：The book is 20 centimetres thick—this ruler is marked in centimetrical units; in the US, people often use "centimeter" instead of "centimetre".
中文：这本书有 20 厘米厚 —— 这把尺子以厘米为单位标注；在美国，人们常常用 “centimeter” 而非 “centimetre” 表示厘米。
Unit 5 Revealing nature
seed n. 种子，籽；v. 播种，结籽；seedling n. 幼苗；seeded adj. 已播种的，（体育比赛）被列为种子选手的；seedy adj. 破旧的，不整洁的（非正式，引申义）
英文：She planted sunflower ______ in the garden—farmers usually ______ the fields in spring; the ______ needs more water to grow, and the top player is ______ first in the tournament; that old hotel looks a bit ______.
中文：她在花园里种了向日葵种子 —— 农民通常在春天播种田地；幼苗需要更多水来生长，而且这位顶尖选手在锦标赛中被列为一号种子；那家旧旅馆看起来有点破旧。
distant adj. 遥远的，疏远的；distance n. 距离，疏远；distantly adv. 遥远地，疏远地；distance v. 拉开距离，与…… 疏远（非正式）
英文：The village is in a ______ mountain area—the ______ between the two cities is 200 kilometers; she is ______ related to the writer, and he tried to ______ himself from the controversy.
中文：这个村庄位于遥远的山区 —— 两座城市之间的距离是 200 公里；她和那位作家有远亲关系，而且他试图与这场争议保持距离。
disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱；v. 使丢脸，使蒙羞；disgraceful adj. 丢脸的，不光彩的；disgracefully adv. 丢脸地，不光彩地
英文：His lying brought ______ on his family—he ______ himself by cheating in the exam; their ______ behavior was criticized by everyone, and they acted ______ in public.
中文：他的谎言让家人蒙羞 —— 他因考试作弊而自取其辱；他们不光彩的行为受到了所有人的批评，而且他们在公共场合表现得很丢脸。
geology n. 地质学；geologist n. 地质学家；geological adj. 地质的，地质学的；geologically adv. 从地质学角度
英文：She studies ______ at university—the ______ discovered a new rock formation; this area has unique ______ features, and ______ speaking, this mountain is millions of years old.
中文：她在大学里学习地质学 —— 这位地质学家发现了一个新的岩层；这个地区有独特的地质特征，而且从地质学角度来说，这座山已有数百万年历史。
sample n. 样本，样品；v. 采样，品尝（样品）；sampler n. 采样器，刺绣样本；sampled adj. 已采样的，抽样的；sampling n. 采样，抽样
英文：The lab analyzed a ______ of water—we need to ______ the soil in different areas; this ______ can collect air samples, and the ______ data will be used for research; the ______ process takes about an hour.
中文：实验室分析了一份水样 —— 我们需要在不同区域采集土壤样本；这个采样器能收集空气样本，而且抽样数据将用于研究；采样过程大约需要一小时。
evolve v. 进化，发展；evolution n. 进化（论）；evolutionary adj. 进化的，发展的；evolutionarily adv. 从进化角度，逐步地
英文：Species ______ over millions of years—Darwin’s theory of ______ changed people’s views; this is an ______ process, and ______ , humans are closely related to apes.
中文：物种经过数百万年进化 —— 达尔文的进化论改变了人们的认知；这是一个进化过程，而且从进化角度来说，人类与类人猿关系密切。
suspect v. 猜想，怀疑；n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象；suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心；suspicious adj. 可疑的，多疑的；suspiciously adv. 可疑地，多疑地；suspected adj. 被怀疑的
英文：I ______ he knows the truth—the police arrested a ______ in the case; her ______ was proved right, and his ______ behavior made others wary; he looked at me ______ , and the ______ thief was later released.
中文：我猜想他知道真相 —— 警方逮捕了案件中的一名嫌疑犯；她的怀疑被证实是对的，而且他可疑的行为让其他人很警惕；他多疑地看着我，后来被怀疑的小偷被释放了。
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先；ancestral adj. 祖先的，祖传的；ancestry n. 祖先，世系（总称）
英文：This bird is the ______ of modern finches—they visited their ______ home last year; her ______ can be traced back to ancient Rome.
中文：这种鸟是现代雀科鸣禽的祖先 —— 他们去年参观了祖宅；她的祖先可以追溯到古罗马时期。
generate v. 产生，创造；generation n. 一代（人），产生；generative adj. 生成的，有创造力的；generatively adv. 生成地，创造性地；generator n. 发电机，发生器
英文：The machine ______ electricity—this new policy will benefit the next ______; she has a ______ mind, and the software works ______ to create art; the ______ provides power during blackouts.
中文：这台机器发电 —— 这项新政策将惠及下一代人；她有创造性思维，而且这款软件能生成式地创作艺术；停电时发电机提供电力。
characteristic n. 特征，特性；adj. 典型的，特有的；characteristically adv. 典型地，特有地；character n. 性格，特征
英文：Bright colors are a ______ of his paintings—this style is ______ of traditional folk art; she ______ arrives early for meetings, and he has a strong ______.
中文：鲜艳的色彩是他画作的特征 —— 这种风格是传统民间艺术的典型特点；她习惯性地早到开会，而且他性格坚强。
decline v. 减少，下降；n. 减少，衰退；declining adj. 减少的，衰退的；declined adj. 被拒绝的，衰退的（过去分词作形容词）
英文：The number of students is ______—there has been a ______ in sales this quarter; the ______ economy worries many people, and his invitation was ______ politely.
中文：学生人数正在减少 —— 本季度销售额有所下降；衰退的经济让很多人担忧，而且他的邀请被礼貌地拒绝了。
blame v. 责怪，指责；把…… 归咎于；n. 责任，责怪；blameless adj. 无过错的，无可指责的；blameworthy adj. 该受责备的；blamably adv. 该受责备地
英文：Don’t ______ him for the mistake—she took the ______ for the accident; he is ______ in this matter, and their ______ actions caused the problem; they acted ______ by ignoring the rules.
中文：别因为这个错误责怪他 —— 她为这场事故承担了责任；在这件事上他没有过错，而且他们该受责备的行为引发了问题；他们无视规则，行为该受指责。
native adj. 本土的，原产于…… 的；n. 本地人，土生土长的人；natively adv. 生来地，本土地；nativeness n. 本土性，出生地
英文：This plant is ______ to South America—the ______ here are very friendly; she speaks French ______, and the ______ of his accent shows he grew up here.
中文：这种植物原产于南美洲 —— 这里的本地人很友好；她天生会说法语，而且他口音的本土性表明他在这里长大。
primitive adj. 原始的，低等的；n. 原始人，原始事物；primitiveness n. 原始性，落后；primitively adv. 原始地，简单地
英文：Early humans used ______ tools—anthropologists studied the life of ______; the ______ of the equipment limited their work, and they lived ______ in the forest.
中文：早期人类使用原始工具 —— 人类学家研究原始人的生活；设备的原始性限制了他们的工作，而且他们在森林里过着简单原始的生活。
giant adj. 巨大的，特大的；n. 巨人，巨头（企业 / 组织）；giantly adv. 巨大地，庞大地；giantism n. 巨人症（医学术语）
英文：They built a ______ statue in the square—this company is a ______ in the tech industry; the project grew ______ in scale, and the doctor treated a patient with ______.
中文：他们在广场上建了一座巨大的雕像 —— 这家公司是科技行业的巨头；这个项目规模大幅扩大，而且医生治疗了一位患有巨人症的病人。
detect v. 发现，察觉；detection n. 发现，探测；detective adj. 侦探的；n. 侦探；detectable adj. 可察觉的，可探测的；detectably adv. 可察觉地
英文：The machine can ______ small changes—early ______ of the disease saves lives; she works as a ______ in a private agency, and the smell is barely ______; the temperature dropped ______ overnight.
中文：这台机器能检测到微小变化 —— 疾病的早期发现能挽救生命；她在一家私人机构当侦探，而且这种气味几乎无法察觉；夜间气温有可察觉的下降。
link v. 把…… 联系起来；连接；n. 联系，链接；linked adj. 有联系的，连接的；linkable adj. 可链接的，可关联的；linkage n. 连接，关联（正式）
英文：Scientists ______ smoking to lung cancer—there is a close ______ between diet and health; these two events are ______, and the data is ______ to other studies; the ______ between the two systems needs to be improved.
中文：科学家把吸烟和肺癌联系起来 —— 饮食和健康之间有密切关联；这两件事有关联，而且这些数据可与其他研究关联；这两个系统之间的连接需要改进。
fungus n. 真菌（复数 fungi）；fungal adj. 真菌的；fungally adv. 真菌地，由真菌引起地；mycosis n. 真菌病（医学术语，延伸）
英文：This ______ grows in dark places—______ are important for decomposing organic matter; the plant has a ______ infection, and it was ______ treated; the doctor diagnosed him with ______.
中文：这种真菌生长在阴暗处 —— 真菌对分解有机物很重要；这株植物有真菌感染，而且接受了真菌治疗；医生诊断他患有真菌病。
cybercrime n. 网络犯罪；cybercriminal n. 网络罪犯；adj. 网络犯罪的；cybersecurity n. 网络安全；cyber adj. 网络的
英文：The police are fighting ______—they arrested a ______ last week; this app has strong ______ features, and it can prevent ______ attacks.
中文：警方正在打击网络犯罪 —— 他们上周逮捕了一名网络罪犯；这款应用有强大的网络安全功能，而且能防范网络攻击。
centimetre n. 厘米（缩写 cm）；centimetrical adj. 厘米的，按厘米计算的；centimeter n. 厘米（美式拼写）
英文：The book is 20 ______ thick—this ruler is marked in ______ units; in the US, people often use "______" instead of "centimetre".
中文：这本书有 20 厘米厚 —— 这把尺子以厘米为单位标注；在美国，人们常常用 “centimeter” 而非 “centimetre” 表示厘米。
外研版高中英语选择性必修1—生词及派生词语境记忆法
答案
Unit 5 Revealing nature
seed n. 种子，籽；v. 播种，结籽；seedling n. 幼苗；seeded adj. 已播种的，（体育比赛）被列为种子选手的；seedy adj. 破旧的，不整洁的（非正式，引申义）
英文：She planted sunflower seeds in the garden—farmers usually seed the fields in spring; the seedling needs more water to grow, and the top player is seeded first in the tournament; that old hotel looks a bit seedy.
中文：她在花园里种了向日葵种子 —— 农民通常在春天播种田地；幼苗需要更多水来生长，而且这位顶尖选手在锦标赛中被列为一号种子；那家旧旅馆看起来有点破旧。
distant adj. 遥远的，疏远的；distance n. 距离，疏远；distantly adv. 遥远地，疏远地；distance v. 拉开距离，与…… 疏远（非正式）
英文：The village is in a distant mountain area—the distance between the two cities is 200 kilometers; she is distantly related to the writer, and he tried to distance himself from the controversy.
中文：这个村庄位于遥远的山区 —— 两座城市之间的距离是 200 公里；她和那位作家有远亲关系，而且他试图与这场争议保持距离。
disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱；v. 使丢脸，使蒙羞；disgraceful adj. 丢脸的，不光彩的；disgracefully adv. 丢脸地，不光彩地
英文：His lying brought disgrace on his family—he disgraced himself by cheating in the exam; their disgraceful behavior was criticized by everyone, and they acted disgracefully in public.
中文：他的谎言让家人蒙羞 —— 他因考试作弊而自取其辱；他们不光彩的行为受到了所有人的批评，而且他们在公共场合表现得很丢脸。
geology n. 地质学；geologist n. 地质学家；geological adj. 地质的，地质学的；geologically adv. 从地质学角度
英文：She studies geology at university—the geologist discovered a new rock formation; this area has unique geological features, and geologically speaking, this mountain is millions of years old.
中文：她在大学里学习地质学 —— 这位地质学家发现了一个新的岩层；这个地区有独特的地质特征，而且从地质学角度来说，这座山已有数百万年历史。
sample n. 样本，样品；v. 采样，品尝（样品）；sampler n. 采样器，刺绣样本；sampled adj. 已采样的，抽样的；sampling n. 采样，抽样
英文：The lab analyzed a sample of water—we need to sample the soil in different areas; this sampler can collect air samples, and the sampled data will be used for research; the sampling process takes about an hour.
中文：实验室分析了一份水样 —— 我们需要在不同区域采集土壤样本；这个采样器能收集空气样本，而且抽样数据将用于研究；采样过程大约需要一小时。
evolve v. 进化，发展；evolution n. 进化（论）；evolutionary adj. 进化的，发展的；evolutionarily adv. 从进化角度，逐步地
英文：Species evolve over millions of years—Darwin’s theory of evolution changed people’s views; this is an evolutionary process, and evolutionarily, humans are closely related to apes.
中文：物种经过数百万年进化 —— 达尔文的进化论改变了人们的认知；这是一个进化过程，而且从进化角度来说，人类与类人猿关系密切。
suspect v. 猜想，怀疑；n. 嫌疑犯，可疑对象；suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心；suspicious adj. 可疑的，多疑的；suspiciously adv. 可疑地，多疑地；suspected adj. 被怀疑的
英文：I suspect he knows the truth—the police arrested a suspect in the case; her suspicion was proved right, and his suspicious behavior made others wary; he looked at me suspiciously, and the suspected thief was later released.
中文：我猜想他知道真相 —— 警方逮捕了案件中的一名嫌疑犯；她的怀疑被证实是对的，而且他可疑的行为让其他人很警惕；他多疑地看着我，后来被怀疑的小偷被释放了。
ancestor n.（动物的）原种，祖先；ancestral adj. 祖先的，祖传的；ancestry n. 祖先，世系（总称）
英文：This bird is the ancestor of modern finches—they visited their ancestral home last year; her ancestry can be traced back to ancient Rome.
中文：这种鸟是现代雀科鸣禽的祖先 —— 他们去年参观了祖宅；她的祖先可以追溯到古罗马时期。
generate v. 产生，创造；generation n. 一代（人），产生；generative adj. 生成的，有创造力的；generatively adv. 生成地，创造性地；generator n. 发电机，发生器
英文：The machine generates electricity—this new policy will benefit the next generation; she has a generative mind, and the software works generatively to create art; the generator provides power during blackouts.
中文：这台机器发电 —— 这项新政策将惠及下一代人；她有创造性思维，而且这款软件能生成式地创作艺术；停电时发电机提供电力。
characteristic n. 特征，特性；adj. 典型的，特有的；characteristically adv. 典型地，特有地；character n. 性格，特征（基础关联词）
英文：Bright colors are a characteristic of his paintings—this style is characteristic of traditional folk art; she characteristically arrives early for meetings, and he has a strong character.
中文：鲜艳的色彩是他画作的特征 —— 这种风格是传统民间艺术的典型特点；她习惯性地早到开会，而且他性格坚强。
decline v. 减少，下降；n. 减少，衰退；declining adj. 减少的，衰退的；declined adj. 被拒绝的，衰退的（过去分词作形容词）
英文：The number of students is declining—there has been a decline in sales this quarter; the declining economy worries many people, and his invitation was declined politely.
中文：学生人数正在减少 —— 本季度销售额有所下降；衰退的经济让很多人担忧，而且他的邀请被礼貌地拒绝了。
blame v. 责怪，指责；把…… 归咎于；n. 责任，责怪；blameless adj. 无过错的，无可指责的；blameworthy adj. 该受责备的；blamably adv. 该受责备地
英文：Don’t blame him for the mistake—she took the blame for the accident; he is blameless in this matter, and their blameworthy actions caused the problem; they acted blamably by ignoring the rules.
中文：别因为这个错误责怪他 —— 她为这场事故承担了责任；在这件事上他没有过错，而且他们该受责备的行为引发了问题；他们无视规则，行为该受指责。
native adj. 本土的，原产于…… 的；n. 本地人，土生土长的人；natively adv. 生来地，本土地；nativeness n. 本土性，出生地
英文：This plant is native to South America—the natives here are very friendly; she speaks French natively, and the nativeness of his accent shows he grew up here.
中文：这种植物原产于南美洲 —— 这里的本地人很友好；她天生会说法语，而且他口音的本土性表明他在这里长大。
primitive adj. 原始的，低等的；n. 原始人，原始事物；primitiveness n. 原始性，落后；primitively adv. 原始地，简单地
英文：Early humans used primitive tools—anthropologists studied the life of primitives; the primitiveness of the equipment limited their work, and they lived primitively in the forest.
中文：早期人类使用原始工具 —— 人类学家研究原始人的生活；设备的原始性限制了他们的工作，而且他们在森林里过着简单原始的生活。
giant adj. 巨大的，特大的；n. 巨人，巨头（企业 / 组织）；giantly adv. 巨大地，庞大地；giantism n. 巨人症（医学术语）
英文：They built a giant statue in the square—this company is a giant in the tech industry; the project grew giantly in scale, and the doctor treated a patient with giantism.
中文：他们在广场上建了一座巨大的雕像 —— 这家公司是科技行业的巨头；这个项目规模大幅扩大，而且医生治疗了一位患有巨人症的病人。
detect v. 发现，察觉；detection n. 发现，探测；detective adj. 侦探的；n. 侦探；detectable adj. 可察觉的，可探测的；detectably adv. 可察觉地
英文：The machine can detect small changes—early detection of the disease saves lives; she works as a detective in a private agency, and the smell is barely detectable; the temperature dropped detectably overnight.
中文：这台机器能检测到微小变化 —— 疾病的早期发现能挽救生命；她在一家私人机构当侦探，而且这种气味几乎无法察觉；夜间气温有可察觉的下降。
link v. 把…… 联系起来；连接；n. 联系，链接；linked adj. 有联系的，连接的；linkable adj. 可链接的，可关联的；linkage n. 连接，关联（正式）
英文：Scientists link smoking to lung cancer—there is a close link between diet and health; these two events are linked, and the data is linkable to other studies; the linkage between the two systems needs to be improved.
中文：科学家把吸烟和肺癌联系起来 —— 饮食和健康之间有密切关联；这两件事有关联，而且这些数据可与其他研究关联；这两个系统之间的连接需要改进。
fungus n. 真菌（复数 fungi，用户已列）；fungal adj. 真菌的；fungally adv. 真菌地，由真菌引起地；mycosis n. 真菌病（医学术语，延伸）
英文：This fungus grows in dark places—fungi are important for decomposing organic matter; the plant has a fungal infection, and it was fungally treated; the doctor diagnosed him with mycosis.
中文：这种真菌生长在阴暗处 —— 真菌对分解有机物很重要；这株植物有真菌感染，而且接受了真菌治疗；医生诊断他患有真菌病。
cybercrime n. 网络犯罪；cybercriminal n. 网络罪犯；adj. 网络犯罪的；cybersecurity n. 网络安全（延伸关联）；cyber adj. 网络的（基础词）
英文：The police are fighting cybercrime—they arrested a cybercriminal last week; this app has strong cybersecurity features, and it can prevent cyber attacks.
中文：警方正在打击网络犯罪 —— 他们上周逮捕了一名网络罪犯；这款应用有强大的网络安全功能，而且能防范网络攻击。
centimetre n. 厘米（缩写 cm）；centimetrical adj. 厘米的，按厘米计算的；centimeter n. 厘米（美式拼写）
英文：The book is 20 centimetres thick—this ruler is marked in centimetrical units; in the US, people often use "centimeter" instead of "centimetre".
中文：这本书有 20 厘米厚 —— 这把尺子以厘米为单位标注；在美国，人们常常用 “centimeter” 而非 “centimetre” 表示厘米。