语法--情态动词 高频考点归纳梳理 专题练 2026届高考英语复习备考

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名称 语法--情态动词 高频考点归纳梳理 专题练 2026届高考英语复习备考
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
语法--情态动词 高频考点归纳梳理 专题练
2026届高考英语复习备考
一、单项选择
1.This printer is of good quality.If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A.would B.should C.could D.might
2.—Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday.
—Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time.
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.mustn’t
3.Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
A.must B.can C.need D.should
4.Dave was very generous and he ______ always share what he had with everyone else.
A.would B.might C.must D.need
5.The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______ have read many books.
A.must B.should C.need D.could
6.It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter _________ speak English so well.
A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.should
7.They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out.
A.would B.may C.must D.should
8.(2016 天津)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I_________.
A.were injured B.would be injured
C.had been injured D.would have been injured
9. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A.will be B.would be
C.have been D.had been
10.Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.
A.studied B.had studied
C.would study D.might have studied
11. If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A.had caught B.caught
C.have caught D.would catch
12.We ____________ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A.needn’t B.may not
C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
13.(2017·天津) My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A.daren’t B.shouldn’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
14.Peter saw the film The Wandering Earth last week, so he ______ know what it is about.
A.need B.will C.can D.must
15.We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us.
A.mustn’t B.daren’t C.needn’t D.can’t
16.Ten days are devoted to this training program and ________ it be unsuccessful, it could be repeated later.
A.should B.could C.might D.would
17.If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he ________ able to speak it much better now.
A.will be B.would be C.has been D.would have been
18.My laptop ______ be old, but it still works really well.
A.can B.could C.may D.would
19.—Jimmy, how did your final exam go
—I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad.
A.might have failed B.shall have failed
C.should have failed D.must have failed
20.I know he was wrong, but I ________ tell him because he never listens.
A.mustn’t B.daren’t C.needn’t D.oughtn’t
21.I love spring because I______ endure the cold of winter or avoid the burning sun of summer in spring.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
22.I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me.
A.couldn’t worry B.couldn’t have worried
C.needn’t worry D.needn’t have worried
23.Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a brilliant journey in Beijing.
A.must B.should C.could D.would
24.The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers have been collected.”
A.can B.shall C.would D.need
25.Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.
A.would be B.might have been
C.would have been D.had been
26.(2017 天津) —Do you have Betty’s phone number
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A.hadn’t been B.wouldn’t have been
C.weren’t D.wouldn’t be
27.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A.accomplished B.had accomplished
C.would accomplish D.would have accomplished
28.You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A.must B.should C.mustn’t D.shouldn't
二、语法填空
29.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I (be) where I am. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they (accomplish) the task in half the time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
31.Altman said the technology could (use) for disinformation, emotional manipulation, or even “target drone strikes.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
32.They might have found a better hotel if they (drive) a few more kilometers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you (tell) me, I could have helped. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34.If their new safety system (put) to use, the accident would never have happened. (所给单词适当形式填空)
35.Class activities will vary from day to day, but students be ready to complete short inclass writings. (用适当的词填空)
36.In humans, babies put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. (用适当的词填空)
37.Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38.Teachers and chaperones model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. (用适当的词填空)
39.What should (do) with such a beautiful place (所给词的适当形式填空)
40.It is high time that you (consider) that if there were no stress in your life,you would achieve a little. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41.I am sorry I am very busy now. If I (have)time,I would certainly go to the movies with you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42.There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose. (用适当的词填空)
43.However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B B A A B D D D B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A B C D C A B C A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
答案 B D A B D B D D
1.B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这台打印机质量很好。如果在一年内发生故障,我们将自费修理。分析句子可知,本句为if的条件状语从句,且与将来事实相反的假设,所以从句形式为were to do、动词过去时或should 动词原形。故选B。
2.B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:—— 抱歉,托尼。我太忙了,这个星期六不能参加会议。—— 好吧,如果你真的抽不出时间,你不必参加。A. shouldn't 不应该;B. needn't 不必;C. can't 不能;D. mustn't 禁止。由上文“Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday(抱歉,托尼。我太忙了,这个星期六不能参加会议)”可知,说话人表明自己太忙无法参加会议,而答语 “if you truly can’t spare the time(如果你真的抽不出时间)” 中 进一步强调如果真的没时间,那么“不必”参加会议,needn't 表示“没有必要”,符合语境。故选B项。
3.B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里,只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must必须;B. can能,可以;C. need需要;D. should应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,Jim许可我们待在他的房子里,即:我们”能,可以”待在他的房子里。故选B。
4.A
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:Dave非常慷慨,总是愿意与其他人分享他所拥有的东西。A. would总是,愿意;B. might可能;C. must必需;D. need需要。本空用would“总是”,表示过去习惯性的动作。故选A。
5.A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这个高中生把所有的问题都答得很好。在我看来,他一定读了很多书。must have done必定做了……(表示对过去的推测),should have done原本该做但是没做,need have done本需要做某事却没有做,could have done本能做某事却没有做,结合“The high school student answered all the questions properly.”可知,此处指我认为这个高中生过去一定读了很多书。故选A项。
6.B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:真的很令人惊讶,马先生的小女儿英语能够说得如此好。A. must必须;B. can能,会;C. mustn’t禁止;D. should应该。根据句意,此处表示“能够”用can。故选B。
7.D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:他们白白排队两个小时。他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了。A. would将会;B. may可能;C. must必须;D. should应该。根据空后have been told the tickets were sold out以及常识可知,他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了,这样他们就不需要白白排队两个小时,空处应用should,should have done结构表示“本应该做某事却没做”,符合题意。故选D项。
8.D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带,我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气,根据if条件句用的had done可知,主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。
9.D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼,但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句,表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句用“had + 过去分词”。故选D。
【点睛】本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气:1.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。2.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。3.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。分析此题需抓住时间状语last Tuesday,可以判断出此题wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
10.B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:Jane真希望她在大学时学的是外贸而不是文学。wish后接宾语从句,从句用虚拟语气,若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词。由“when she was in college”可知,本句表与过去事实相反的假设,所以从句为过去完成时。故选B项。
【点睛】动词wish后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时;若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词;若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would (could)+动词原形。
分析句子可知,由“when she was in college”可知,本句表与过去事实相反的假设,所以从句为过去完成时。
11.A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话,现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知,从句表示与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed。故选A。
点睛:本题考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间,一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。本题就是错综条件虚拟语气,从句与过去事实相反,故用had + v-ed,主句与现在事实相反。
12.B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们也许没有被证明是伟大的冒险家,但我们已经完成了过去十年中最伟大的长征。由but可知前后为转折关系,因此此处用may not表示"也许不"。A. needn’t不需要;B. may not也许不;C. shouldn’t不应该;D. mustn’t禁止,故选B。
13.C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫。A. daren’t不敢;Bshouldn’t不应该;C. needn’t不需要;D. mustn’t不许。根据but可知,意思表示转折,故选C。
【点睛】情态动词主要考查句意和说话人的语气的强弱,这几个情态动词的否定形式意思各不相同,确定各自的含义,弄清它们的区别再结合上下文语境就不难理解了。daren’t通常表示“不敢”,shouldn’t强调的是没有义务,必要性;needn’t表示“不需要”,mustn't表示不许,语气比较强烈,它们之间有明显不同。
14.D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:彼得上周看了电影《流浪地球》,所以他一定知道它是关于什么的。A. need需要;B. will将;C. can能,会;D. must必须。本题考查情态动词表示推测,根据Peter saw the film The Wandering Earth last week可知,彼得上周看过这部电影了,顺着这个已知信息推测,把握性很大,要用表推测且用于肯定句的must。故选D项。
15.C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们不必为细节而烦恼,因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止;B. daren’t不敢;C. needn’t不必;D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知,因为我们队友会全力帮助我们,所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。
16.A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们用了10天的时间来完成这个训练计划,如果不成功,以后还可以重复。结合后文“ it could be repeated later.”可知,此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句,主句用would (should, could, might) +动词原形,从句动词用过去式(be 通常用were)或用 should+动词原形或 were to+动词原形;且而虚拟条件句中,如有were、should或had,可将if省略,将were、should或had提前至句首构成倒装。故选A。
17.B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他以前多花点时间练习英语口语,他现在就能说得好多了。if从句中的had spent暗示从句是跟过去事实相反的,而主句中的now暗示主句跟现在事实相反,故用would do。故选B。
【点睛】虚拟条件句可以单独作为一个语法项目,因为它涉及不同的时间,导致学生掌握起来较难。掌握虚拟条件句的用法关键把握以下几点:1.理解句意;2.判断句意是事实还是虚拟;3.结合不同时间的虚拟条件句和主句的形式答题。有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
18.C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我的笔记本电脑或许旧了,但它仍然工作得很好。A.can能够;B.could能够;C.may或许;D.would将。根据下文but it still works really well,此处表示事实上的可能性,用may ,can表示逻辑上的可能性。故选C。
19.A
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意:——吉米,你期末考试怎么样?——我想我可能会失败,但结果并不是那么糟糕。A. might have failed可能会失败;B. shall have failed将会失败;C. should have failed应该会失败;D. must have failed肯定失败了。根据but the result was not so bad可知,作者本以为自己可能会失败,但是结果还可以。故选A。
20.C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我知道他错了,但我不必告诉他,因为他从来不听。A. mustn’t禁止,不许;B. daren’t不敢;C. needn’t不必;D. oughtn’t不应该。结合because he never listens可知,空格处应表达“不必”,故用 needn’t。故选C。
21.B
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意:我喜欢春天,因为在春天我不必忍受冬天的寒冷或避开夏天的烈日。A. mustn’t禁止;B. needn’t不必;C. can’t不能;D. shouldn’t不应该。根据句意,春天是一个温和的季节,不需要避免极端的冷或热,needn’t符合题意,故选B项。
22.D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在我来到新公司之前,我本不必担心,因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人。根据下文“for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me”可知,我本不必担心到新公司的事情,因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人,但实际上是担心了。needn’t have done意为“本不必做某事,但实际上做了”,符合本题语境;couldn’t have done意为“不可能做了某事”,表示对过去的一种推测。couldn’t do sth. 意为“不能做某事”,needn’t do sth.意为“不需要做某事”,均不符合语境。故选D。
23.A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:杰森正在客厅给孩子们讲一些有趣的事情。他在北京的旅行一定很愉快。根据上下句句意可知,此处为情态动词must+ have done表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”,此处表示“他在北京的旅行一定很愉快”,满足句意要求。故选A项。
24.B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:人力资源总监宣布:“候选人应留在座位上,直到所有试卷都收集完毕。”A. can 能够,可能;B. shall必须,应该;C. would将,会;D. need需要。根据句意可知,此处表示规定,应用情态动词shall,表示规定、警告、命令。故选B。
25.D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动,以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。根据句意及句中felt可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况,应使用过去完成时。故D选项正确。
【点睛】as if的两种用法:
1.as if从句用陈述语气,我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下:
It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。
2. as if 从句用虚拟语气,当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:
(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。
(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。
(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
26.B
【分析】试题分析:
【名师点睛】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?--有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。根据标志词otherwise,相当于一个条件状语从句:If I hadn't have her phone number,即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句,可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选B。
【点睛】if的虚拟语气非常重要,首先要熟悉基本用法:1、表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句:If主语+过去时(be动词用were);主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do:2、表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句:If主语+had+done;主句:主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测,从句:①if+主语+were to do② if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/were ;主句:主语+should /would/ could /might+do,另外要注意从句也可以省略if,把had,were,should提前。这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。
27.D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选D。
28.D
【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意:你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟,他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事,must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测;should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做;mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。
【点睛】must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,指“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句:
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了。
should have done意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。”
shouldn't have done表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him.看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
本题是 shouldn't have done的用法。
29.wouldn’t be
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对那么多的障碍,我现在就不会在这里。此处是错综时间虚拟语气,根据空后where I am可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故填wouldn’t be。
30.would have accomplished
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句“the workers were not better organized”可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,此处只考查对主句的虚拟。故填would have accomplished。
31.be used
【详解】考查情态动词及语态。句意:Altman说,这项技术可以用于虚假信息、情绪操纵,甚至是“无人机打击目标”。空处为谓语动词,出现在情态动词之后,用动词原形;主语the technology和use之间为被动关系,需用被动语态。故填be used。
32.had driven
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们多开几公里的话,他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知,该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分,表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态。故填had driven。
33.had told
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:上周你为什么不告诉我你的困难?如果你告诉我, 我本可以帮你。根据句意及主句谓语could have helped可知, 此处表示对过去事实的虚拟, If从句的谓语应用过去完成时。故填had told。
34.had been put
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们使用了新的安全系统,事故就不会发生了。根据句意可知句子是对过去发生事情的假设,本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语动词的时态would never have happened,可知if从句应该用过去完成时;短语put… to use意为“将……付诸使用”,句子的主语their new safety system和put之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此此空应该用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been put。
35.must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:课堂活动每天都不同,但学生必须准备好完成短篇当堂作文。根据“be ready to complete short inclass writings(准备好完成短篇当堂作文)”可推理出空白处应填表示“必须”含义的情态动词,用must。故填must。
36.can
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在人类中,婴儿大约一岁时就能将圆形物体放入圆形孔洞中,但还需要再过一年,他们才能对不太对称的形状做同样的动作。根据下文“put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age(一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆洞里)”可推理出空白处应填表示“可以,能够”含义的表达,用can。故填can。
37.be employed
【详解】考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪,今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处主语a simple literal form与谓语动词employ构成被动关系,且情态动词can后跟动词原形,情态动词的被动语态(can be done)。故填be employed。
38.should
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:教师和监护人应该要树立良好的行为榜样,并始终与学生在一起。根据“model good behavior for the group(为群体树立良好的行为榜样)”可推理出空白处应填表示“应该”含义的表达,指义务。故填should。
39.be done
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:对于这样一个美丽的地方,我们应该做些什么呢?主语what指物,与谓语动词do是被动关系,情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态,故填be done。
40.considered/should consider
【详解】考查固定结构。句意:现在是时候考虑一下,如果你生活中没有压力,你会收获一点点。分析句子可知使用句型It is high time that...(现在是时候干某事了),从句中用did或should do。故填considered或should consider。
41.had
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:对不起,我现在太忙了。如果我有时间,我一定会和你一起去看电影。根据语境和句子结构分析,此句为虚拟语气句子,根据I am too busy now,可知此句是对现在的虚拟,句子从句用一般过去时,主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填had。
42.need
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:现代汉语有5万多个汉字,但幸运的是,中国孩子不需要学习所有的汉字。根据空后为“not learn”可知,此处应使用情态动词,结合句意以及上文中的“There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily”可知,现代汉语有5万多个汉字,下文讲述的事情对孩子来说是幸运的,由此可知,此处应表示“不需要”学习所有的汉字,所以此处应为need。故填need。
43.be offered
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包装出售,那就更好了。动词offer与主语they之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。与情态动词could连用,空处应用be offered。故填be offered。
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