译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 4　Exploring poetry同步练习（含解析）

Unit 4　Exploring poetry
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
No poem should ever be discussed or “analysed”， until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.①
All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling interpretation of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once.② Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching cannot replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.③
I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analysing” it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “a criticism of life”， “a heightening of life, enjoyment with others”. It is “an approach to the truth of feeling”， and it “can save your life”. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.④
I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.⑤
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(　　) 1. The passage indicates that analysing a poem is ________．
A. not essential at all B. a preparation for appreciating it
C. an approach to understanding it D. optional in class sometimes
(　　) 2. The recitation of a poem by the teacher or a student in the classroom ________．
A. is the best way to understand it
B. easily arouses some discussion among the students
C. helps the teacher to analyse it
D. can not take the place of the poet reading it
(　　) 3. The underlined phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by “________”．
A. build a booth B. provide equipment
C. leave a certain amount of time D. set aside enough space
(　　) 4. Which of the following statements may the author agree with
A. The most important teaching goal is to have students read and recite every poem they learn.
B. Poetry is the foundation of all languages and literature courses.
C. The teaching of poetry should have been much more stressed.
D. Every English teacher is supposed to convey their love of poetry to their students.
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
1. 译文：_________________________________________________________
2. 译文：_________________________________________________________
3. 译文：_________________________________________________________
4. 译文：_________________________________________________________
5. 译文：_________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2024白山期末]
How to Write a Free Verse Poem
Let's say you are working on an assignment about writing a free verse poem and you're all set to start. But you don't know how to write one! __1__
Choose a subject. Maybe you can write a poem about a person or your favourite pet. __2__ If you have trouble choosing a subject, try closing your eyes and visualising what is meaningful to you.
Think about how to approach the subject. Are you going to write from a certain point of view, like the first person or the third person __3__ Are you considering how you can choose certain words to describe the subject It can be helpful to decide ahead of time what you want to say about the topic.
__4__ Not being too worried about rhyming, you can feel free to explore your topic. Write down as many details as you can think of. For example, if you are describing your last birthday party, you may start by describing who was at the party, the gifts you received, and how you felt during the party.
Create a draft and improve it. Use the list of keywords to help you draft a poem. __5__ These will help you to create a stronger free verse poem. Then, read your draft loudly and take note of any lines or sections that have a certain rhythm, as well as any lines where a word or phrase sounds off or flat.
A. Focus on using devices like metaphor, simile, etc.
B. Are you focusing on the specific scene
C. The following steps can solve your problem.
D. Look at the place where you could improve.
E. Are you planning to write your poem directly
F. You can also focus on a theme like love or sorrow.
G. Write down the keywords that relate to your subject.
1.___________2.___________3.___________4.___________5.___________
Ⅲ. 完形填空。[2024揭阳普宁期中改编]
I used to be a shy and quiet person; whenever I had to do public speaking, I would get __1__， tremble(颤抖), and turn red. I spent so much time fearing the judgement of others that I __2__ opportunities like school plays and performances. Then I __3__ a competition called Poetry Out Loud, which was a national high school level competition where students competed by __4__ “poetry out loud”. I had terrible stage __5__， but I figured it was time to face my fears.
Little did I know I'd actually been given a mentor(导师) to help me prepare for the __6__. Honestly, without him I wouldn't be the person I'm today. I remember meeting him for the first time and being so __7__ that when I had to practise reciting one of the poems, I was as quiet as a mouse, eyes __8__ to the floor. My mentor softly __9__ me to be a little louder and look a little higher. Slowly but surely, I got better at making eye contact and __10__ my voice.
On the big day, when it was my turn, I took a deep breath and began to recite. With each word, I grew more and more __11__. It was such a(n) __12__ feeling; it felt like I was freeing myself from the chains of fear and __13__. Since then, I've also written a ton of poetry, and some pieces have been published already! Being __14__ poetry has been a(n) __15__ journey that has helped me grow as both a poet and a person.
(　　) 1. A. shocked B. anxious C. excited D. ashamed
(　　) 2. A. looked forward to B. took advantage of
C. made up for D. missed out on
(　　) 3. A. participated in B. responded to C. heard about D. prepared for
(　　) 4. A. writing B. reciting C. calling D. shouting
(　　) 5. A. fright B. management C. direction D. appearance
(　　) 6. A. judgement B. journey C. competition D. practice
(　　) 7. A. nervous B. serious C. curious D. ambitious
(　　) 8. A. forced B. adjusted C. drawn D. glued
(　　) 9. A. promised B. encouraged C. warned D. chose
(　　)10. A. raising B. keeping C. lowering D. finding
(　　)11. A. independent B. competent C. intelligent D. confident
(　　)12. A. indescribable B. terrible C. uncomfortable D. familiar
(　　)13. A. self control B. self motivation
C. self doubt D. self regulation
(　　)14. A. satisfied with B. involved in
C. concerned about D. surprised by
(　　)15. A. difficult B. annoying C. strange D. amazing
Period 2　Language focus on Reading(2)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
A[2024淮安期末改编]
Guernsey International Poetry Competition—Poems on the Move
Your poem could be on show this year. Winning entries are displayed in two stages: 21 bus poems will be chosen, and the top 9 of these will take part in a second, larger exhibition, first at Guernsey Airport, then all over the island.
How to enter
· Online by completing the online entry form and payment, at www..
· By email: PotM@.
· By post: Poems on the Move, Guernsey Literary Festival, PO Box 174, St. Peter Port, Guernsey, Channel Islands, UK, GY1 3LG.
Fees
· Entries are ￡4 per poem or 3 poems for ￡10.
· Fees are not refundable.
· Young People's Poetry: Aged 1117, entries FREE.
Rules
· Entries must be no longer than 14 lines and must be typed and fit on a single A4 page.
· Please do not write your name or age on the same sheet as your poems.
· Enter each poem on a separate page and enclose another separate sheet with your name, address, telephone number, email address, plus the title(s) of your poems.
· Entries must be entirely the work of the entrant and must never have been published, self published, published on any public website or broadcast, nor winning or placed in any other competition.
· Closing date for receipt of entries: February 15
The prize is open to anyone except those involved in organizing the competition. Winners will be contacted by March 5. Winning poems will be shown on Guernsey buses, and 9 of these poems will become part of the Poems on the Move exhibition, for no less than six months.
(　　) 1. What should entrants do
A. Show their poems on the bus.
B. Deliver their poems in person.
C. Start entering after February 15.
D. Have the poems typed as requested.
(　　) 2. What is expected of the entries
A. They should be original.
B. They must be over 14 lines.
C. They should be around two pages long.
D. They must be published works on any site.
(　　) 3. Who is not entitled to the prize
A. A young man aged 16.
B. A poet involved in the competition.
C. A writer organizing the competition.
D. A teacher writing a poem.
B[2024福师大附中期中改编]
When my daughter was seven years old, she came home from soccer practice clearly downhearted. When asked, she told me what a teammate said: her teeth were too yellow. My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can't always be there to protect our kids from unkind words. I tried to console my daughter. I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I told her not to let someone else's criticisms influence her. On the inside, though, I worried. From my youth, I've struggled with the concept that my self worth was directly related to my physical appearance.
When I became a mom, I was afraid that this concept would take root in my daughter. I wanted to protect her little ears from unkind words that might skew(歪曲) her idea of self worth. I wanted to protect her little eyes from unrealistic beauty standards set by magazines, television, and movies. I wanted to protect her little heart from being broken by the thought that she didn't live up to the standards in some way.
How, then, can we teach our kids that they are much more than their appearance We can start by modeling kindness, and self acceptance in our own lives. Kids tend to copy what adults do and say, so be careful. If we are putting ourselves down, our kids will follow in our footsteps. Instead, adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your own self worth. Praise kids for their acts of kindness, like sharing with a friend or helping a family member without being asked and talk to them about how it makes them feel.
It's a hard thing for parents to teach children to be confident in their own skin and to pay more attention to their inner beauty than outward appearance. It's also worthy of note that there's nothing wrong with telling your kids they are beautiful. I tell my kids that they're beautiful all the time. Hopefully, in doing so, they'll begin to understand that there's so much more to them than just their shells.
(　　) 4. What does the underlined word “console” probably mean in Paragraph 1
A. Influence. B. Comfort. C. Accompany. D. Criticize.
(　　) 5. What does the author try to express in Paragraph 2
A. Her expectation of her daughter's future.
B. Her concerns about her daughter's growth.
C. Her hope to protect her kid from falling ill.
D. Her attempts to keep her daughter energetic.
(　　) 6. How should we educate our kids about self worth according to the author
A. By delivering a speech to them. B. By sharing our ideas with them.
C. By accepting all their decisions. D. By setting a good example to them.
(　　) 7. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. Encourage kids to ignore the outer beauty.
B. Avoid praising the appearance of our children.
C. Teach our kids the significance of inner beauty.
D. Try to listen to our children as much as possible.
Ⅱ. 连句成文：逐句翻译下列句子，然后增加适当的过渡词语，把它们连成一篇小短文。
1. 与任何其他的文学类型相比，诗歌是“音”与“意”的结合体，其通常蕴含着超越字面意义的更深层含义。(combination; imply)
2. 要揭示这个隐藏的方面，首先，得用耳朵听。即便你似乎无法理解这首诗的真正含义，也总是可以说说这首诗在大声朗读时听起来如何。(reveal; beyond one's grasp)
3. 品读这首诗时就当自己是一个置身陌生风景中的探险家。当你慢慢探索周围的环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线索会让你对这首诗有更深刻的理解。(as if; dig up)
4. 假如耗费诸多心力，仍未能全然明白一首诗的含义，就多些耐心。(struggle; painstaking)
5. 记住，欣赏一首诗，并非一定要完全理解它不可。只要诗歌阅读之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。(as long as; be worth)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period 3　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
A[2024连云港灌云高中期中]
What limits you from hiking more often If not having a suitable hiking partner is keeping you out of the woods, why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada
Yukon Outdoors Club
Membership cost: $10 for a single membership
Description: The club organizes day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, and cross country skiing trips for members to gain new skills and valuable information. The trips are open to everyone and range from easy to moderate to difficult.
UBC Varsity Outdoor Club
Membership cost: Students $40; non UBC students $60
Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes and rock climbs. Members lead trips, run skills workshops, and host presentations. Members can borrow equipment from the club. The UBC VOC has also constructed a few huts in the Coast Mountains.
Pender Harbour Hiking Group
Membership cost: Free
Description: The Pender Harbour Hiking Group offers a way for members to meet like minded individuals and get fit. Hikes are scheduled two months in advance, so check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you! Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long every Monday and Wednesday morning, but some full day hikes are scheduled, depending on member interest.
Vernon Outdoors Club
Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10. Children are free when they come with a registered family member.
Description: The Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling. Members are encouraged to share their activity ideas and interests. The group organizes a Tuesday Activity each week.
(　　) 1. Which club organizes its trips based on their members' hiking skills
A. The Yukon Outdoors Club. B. The Vernon Outdoors Club.
C. The Pender Harbour Hiking Group. D. The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.
(　　) 2. What do we know about hikes organized by the Pender Harbour Hiking Group
A. They are mostly held on weekends.
B. They are arranged two months ahead of time.
C. Their schedule is always emailed to the members.
D. More full day hikes are offered than half day hikes.
(　　) 3. How much will they pay for the membership if Mr and Mrs Smith, together with their two children, aged 4 and 6, intend to join the Vernon Outdoors Club
A. $70. B. $50. C. $45. D. $35.
B[2025广东八校期初]
Today, poetry and science are often considered to be completely separate career paths. However, that wasn't always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. Similarly, the poet John Keats was also a licensed surgeon. The combination of these disciplines fell out of favor in the 1800s. Recently, however, there has been a reappearance of interest among scientists in expressing their research through poetry, such as lyrics and haiku, as alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.
“Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world，” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.
Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki, participated in one of Illingworth's workshops where she and fellow scientists were tasked with writing haikus that highlighted water, a common theme in their research. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem，” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do harm ourselves to think that scientists can't be artistic and that art can't be used to communicate scientific ideas，” Mazon says.
That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two way dialogue between experts and nonexperts，” he says. Scientist poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees, noting that poetry simplifies complex scientific concepts into language that everyone can understand.
Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We're all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share.
(　　) 4. What trend has been observed recently among scientists
A. A decline in interest in poetry and science.
B. A preference for traditional research methods.
C. An increase in combining science and poetry.
D. A focus on historical figures like Ada Lovelace.
(　　) 5. How does Sam Illingworth bridge the gap between science and the public
A. By translating classic poetry into different languages.
B. By teaching at the University of Western Australia.
C. By advocating for more funding in geoscience research.
D. By organizing workshops and publishing a science poetry journal.
(　　) 6. How did Stephany Mazon feel about the experience of writing a haiku in the workshop
A. It was challenging and difficult.
B. It was enjoyable and straightforward.
C. It was a waste of time.
D. It was too artistic for her taste.
(　　) 7. What is one advantage of using poetry for science communication
A. It simplifies complex scientific ideas for a general audience.
B. It promotes academic research in universities.
C. It replaces traditional boring science textbooks.
D. It emphasizes the significance of public lectures.
Ⅱ. 语法填空。[2024岳阳华容期末]
Poetry combines sound and sense, which implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. Readers find it challenging to reveal the 1. ____________(hide) dimension. Here are some useful 2. ____________(strategy) on how to better understand and appreciate poems.
Firstly, follow your ears. You 3. ____________(advice) to ask “How does it sound？” instead of “What does it mean？” Read it aloud 4. ____________ you will feel how the poem sounds. Secondly, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions to see concrete images in your mind. Then make 5. ____________ most of the surroundings to dig up clues to give you a greater understanding of the poem. Thirdly, if you are struggling 6. ____________(interpret) the meaning of a poem with much painstaking effort, just stay patient. Sometimes it takes a lifelong time to understand a poem 7. ____________(thorough). Poems that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings are more interesting 8. ____________ those that are easy to understand. Finally, it is 9. ____________(necessary) to fully understand the poem to appreciate it. Sometimes, to find a poem's inner beauty, you might need to abandon logical thinking.
Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” 10. ____________(allow) you to enjoy your journey in the world of poetry.
Period 4　Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 单句语境填词，注意词的词性和词形。
1. The branch ___________(弯曲) but didn't break.
2. The world's top corporations ___________(宣称) to be working hard to reduce plastic pollution.
3. The trade imbalance is likely to rise again. ___________(因此) a new policy will be required soon.
4. She ___________(叹气) with relief that it was all over.
5. The parallel lines appear to ___________(岔开).
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。[2024大同期中]
Poetry has a long history, dating back to The Epic of Gilgamesh, composed 4，000 years ago in what is now Iraq and Syria. Early poems developed from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell the actions of great men and women or about a nation's history.
Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics(美感) which distinguish poetry from more objectively informative forms of writing. From the mid 20th century, poetry has been more generally regarded as a creative act employing language. Poetry uses forms to suggest different interpretation to words, or to produce emotive responses. Devices such as rhythm are used to achieve musical effects. The use of ambiguity(一语多义), symbolism, and other stylistic elements of poetic description often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Similarly figures of speech such as metaphor and simile create a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived.
Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and respond to characteristics of the language in which the poet writes. Readers used to identifying poetry with Dante, Goethe, and Rumi may think of it as written in lines based on rhyme and regular meter; there are, however, traditions that use other means to create rhythm. Much modern poetry reflects a criticism of poetic tradition, playing with and testing the principle of rhyme itself, sometimes altogether giving up rhyme or set rhythm. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms, styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.
(　　) 1. What did early poetry originate from
A. Folk songs. B. Ethnic music.
C. Ancient stories. D. Historical events.
(　　) 2. What do we know about poetry according to Paragraph 2
A. Modern poetry study focuses on the uses of speech.
B. Poetry uses rhythm to achieve good visual effects.
C. Poetry has been treated as a creative act for years.
D. Form makes poetry different from other writings.
(　　) 3. What can be inferred about modern poetry
A. Poets will strictly follow the principle of rhyme.
B. Poets will adapt more diverse forms and styles.
C. Poets will emphasize local language characteristics.
D. Poets will develop new forms of figures of speech.
(　　) 4. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. Science fiction. B. A newspaper.
C. A fashion magazine. D. An encyclopedia.
Ⅲ. 七选五。[2024亳州期末]
Appreciating a poem begins with understanding the context. Ask yourself questions such as “What is the poem about？” and “What is their writing style？”. Answering these questions will help you comprehend the main points of the poem. __1__ It is these techniques that can make a poem more engaging and memorable.
Read aloud and out loud. When reading a poem, it is important to remember that it is not just words on a page, but is meant to be heard or read aloud. __2__ This experience allows the reader to feel it, which strengthens the appreciation of the piece.
__3__ Approaching poetry with an attitude of finding connections between the poem and one's own life can be a valuable tool for appreciating the poem more. Connecting to the emotions, memories and even the same life experiences can help to relate more to the poem and in turn, truly appreciate it.
Pair poetry with other art forms. Pairing poetry with other art forms is another great way to appreciate poetry. Combining poetry with music, painting, sculpture, dance, film and theatre can assist in inviting a wider audience to engage with poetry. Pairing poetry with other art forms allows poetry to be explored in innovative formats. __4__
Develop a sense of critical thinking. Possessing a critical eye when reading a poem allows readers to appreciate the art of poetry in a more meaningful way. __5__ In this way, readers can take a journey through the poem and come to their own conclusions. As readers begin to review their own thoughts and ideas in relation to the poem, they begin to appreciate it even more as a result.
A. Find connections.
B. Change the context of the poem.
C. It helps you to understand the emotion that the poet is trying to express.
D. Developing an understanding of the use of literary techniques is also beneficial.
E. Engaging in deep analysis of a poem allows the reader to really become part of it.
F. Therefore, this opens up the means to appreciate a poem in a completely new way.
G. Having a discussion around a poem allows readers to bring out these messages.
1.___________2.___________3.___________4.___________5.___________
Ⅳ. 应用文写作。
假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举行“How to read Chinese poetry”专题讲座，请你写一份书面通知，告知你校交换生参加，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 欢迎参加。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Notice
Dear exchange students，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students' Union
Period 5　Extended reading(1)
Ⅰ. 话题拓展阅读。
Poetry is one of mankind's oldest art forms. Since first analysed by Aristotle, poetry has been part of every major art movement, and some say it captures emotion better than any other forms.① Reading poetry is necessary to gain a full understanding of the world and has many additional benefits.
The immediate benefits of reading poetry are improvement to vocabulary. Poetry makes the reader familiar with new terms and encourages verbal analysis. This presents reading as a creative act in its own right. The common practice of memorizing poems also improves long term brain health. Studies have shown that people who memorize and recall poems are less susceptible(易受影响) to Alzheimer's disease.
Poetry also improves critical thinking by forcing a reader to think. In great poetry, meaning is not obvious or one dimensional. Understanding poetry is an active practice, rather than the passive engagement encouraged with prose(散文). Readers of poetry are more likely than non readers to analyse information for viewpoints. This skill benefits students, but also anyone who wants to form their own opinions of news items or gain a better perspective upon documents like contracts.② The critical thinking skills developed through reading poetry give greater control of language itself.③
The most remarkable power of literature is its ability to unite readers and writers across time and cultural boundaries.④ As condensed(浓缩的) literature, poetry offers these benefits in a powerful way. Poetry triggers memories and emotions in its readers. This connection between universal emotions and personal experiences encourages the development of empathy.⑤ A reader might have no practical conception of what life was like during the Elizabethan era in England. However, Shakespeare Sonnets with their universal themes of love and longing, can bridge the gap of centuries and help us gain an insight into people's feelings in the 17th century.
一、 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
(　　) 1. Which of the following shows the benefit memorizing poetry brings to the brain
A. It improves people's long term memory.
B. It improves one's ability to analyse issues.
C. It makes one less likely to catch Alzheimer's disease.
D. It makes one act more creatively.
(　　) 2. In what way does poetry improve critical thinking
A. Readers have to analyse information to form viewpoints.
B. Readers must understand the obvious meaning of poetry.
C. Readers have to gain a better perspective upon documents.
D. Readers have to have a good control over language.
(　　) 3. Why does the author mention Shakespeare Sonnets
A. To show poetry motivates us to learn different cultures.
B. To show poetry helps develop our empathy.
C. To show the universal themes of poetry.
D. To show Shakespeare's understanding of life.
(　　) 4. What is the purpose of the text
A. To ask us to read poems.
B. To show how to appreciate poems.
C. To tell the importance of poetry in history.
D. To explain the benefits of reading poetry.
二、 分析文中加序号句子的结构，在原句上标出基本成分，然后试着在下面横线上写出译文。
1. 译文：_________________________________________________________
2. 译文：_________________________________________________________
3. 译文：_________________________________________________________
4. 译文：_________________________________________________________
5. 译文：_________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 七选五。[2024孝感重点高中教科研协作体期中]
Poetry is a way of conveying our deepest feelings, desires, and emotions without having to state it clearly. __1__ However, in the real sense, poetry is never difficult. You can try these following techniques anytime you have poetry writing idea blocks.
Know your aim. __2__ Do you want to tell a story, describe an experience or fight injustice and encourage people to take action The correct details will, in turn, ensure that the poem serves the purpose for which it is written—your aim.
__3__ After you understand the aim of the poem, you might still not be able to write immediately. Take out a sheet of paper and write every idea and word that comes into your head concerning your aim. Pick one of these words or ideas and focus on it, expanding on that idea until you have a full poem.
Have a theme. A theme is more than just an idea. An idea with your personal opinion is what forms a theme, which will help your poem be more concise(简明的). We advise you to look through The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. __4__
__5__ However, they will help in writing poetry for beginners. You can also get books on how to write poetry to help you boost your writing.
A. Write down the random words and ideas.
B. It may give you some fresh and novel ideas.
C. For beginners, the art of poetry might seem difficult at first.
D. Ensure you have used the right words to convey your message.
E. As far as we know, these tips are not necessarily rules for writing poetry.
F. Answering the question of the aim of poetry helps you input the right elements.
G. Before writing your poem, you must understand what you plan to achieve from the poem.
1.___________2.___________3.___________4.___________5.___________
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2024咸阳期末]
The Sad Zither(《锦瑟》) is a famous poem 1. ____________(write) by the Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin. Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of the 2. ____________(hard) poems to explain and translate.
At 3. ____________ beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned 4. ____________(show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones, 5. ____________(suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything 6. ____________ happened were untrue. In this poem, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and can't distinguish the dream 7. ____________ the reality; the ancient Emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo(杜鹃鸟) and always cries; the mermaid's tears become pearls and vapour of jade from Lantian county can 8. ____________(see) in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it's hard to reach, implying the hopelessness.
Actually, the four 9. ____________(story) Li chose indicate his dissatisfaction with his life. In the end, the poet 10. ____________(direct) expressed his point. He wrote about his regret about the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything.
Period 6　Extended reading(2) & Project
Ⅰ. 阅读理解。
A
With the help of modern technology, people have killed up to 99 percent of certain types of whales. Some scientists thought this would cause krill(磷虾), tiny shrimp like animals that many whales eat, to explode in number. But that didn't happen. Krill numbers in Antarctic waters with lots of whale hunting have dropped by more than 80 percent. New research suggests a lack of whale poop(粪便) may explain this. A new study finds whales eat more than we thought. Lots more food means lots more poop that is rich in iron. So with fewer whales, ecosystems get less iron and other crucial nutrients that they need to thrive. That hurts other species, including krill.
Figuring out whale diets isn't easy. In the past, scientists looked at the contents of dead whales' stomachs to see what they ate. Or they estimated how much food whales should need based on their size. However, the new study, led by Matthew Savoca, a marine biologist at Stanford University, used some different techniques. Savoca's team put sensors on 321 whales. The sensors tracked when the whales hunted for food.
Using all this information, the scientists found that whales eat about three times as much food as earlier estimates had suggested. The amount of food that whales eat and poop out is astonishing. And it suggests that whales play a bigger role in shaping ocean ecosystems than previously thought.
Whales are nutrient cyclers. If whales and krill returned to their early 1900s numbers, the productivity of the Southern Ocean could be boosted by 11 percent, the researchers calculate. That increased productivity would translate into more carbon rich life. Together, those creatures would store 215 million tons of carbon each year. The carbon stored in those creatures wouldn't be able to escape into the atmosphere and contribute to global warming.
(　　) 1. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. The present situation of whale killing.
B. The reason for krill numbers declining.
C. The help from the modern technology.
D. The relationship between food and poop.
(　　) 2. What does the underlined word “thrive” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Grow happily. B. Change rapidly.
C. Develop well. D. Stay wealthy.
(　　) 3. How did the new study figure out whales' diets
A. By referring to past studies. B. By tracking whales with sensors.
C. By observing whales' sizes. D. By examining whales' stomachs.
(　　) 4. What do the scientists' findings suggest
A. Whales hurt other ocean species. B. Whales eat as much as estimated.
C. Whales slow ocean productivity. D. Whales matter more than expected.
B[2024咸阳实验中学月考]
What's the effect of poetry on our brain Scientists have been investigating the neuronal(神经元的) connections and brain circuits that can work in the reading of poetry for some time. And, even though the research has only just begun, the results are already fascinating.
Poetry has the oldest recorded texts in literature. Although it's impossible to say exactly when it began to be used in the oral tradition, we dare to say that it's accompanied humanity forever. This gives us an idea of the impact that poetic language can have on our emotional and cognitive state. The emotional response to literature in general shares areas of activation with music. However, more areas of the right hemisphere(半球) seem to be related to poetry. The researchers measured the goosebumps resulting from the tingling sensation(强烈感受) in reading poetry. This type of sensation has also been proven to result from music. However, the tingling sensations produced by poetry activate different areas of the brain compared to those activated by music.
Dr. Eugen Wassiliwizky's team collected data on behavioral responses in people reading or listening to poetry. They proved that poetry is capable of causing emotional responses and rich emotional experiences. In addition, a poem expresses the poet's ideas. From a psychological view, poetry is a game of language that manages to group words in a surprising way. We could compare this with how a chef combines ingredients that seem impossible to combine, producing extraordinary results. Poetry is based on rules of construction. It sets up a rhythm, which then breaks, before finally returning to it. The play on the meanings of words, sometimes several meanings in just one word, is extremely intellectually inspiring. We can read a poem a thousand times, and still find its new meanings.
Generally, our passage through the wonderful world of poetry is cut short by rather reduced exposure during childhood and the overly analytical approach of this literary genre(类型), which is given in most schools. Although the studies that experts have conducted on poetry get a lot of interesting results, poetry still holds a mystery that science hasn't yet been able to investigate. For example, why a perfect cadence(抑扬顿挫) and rhythm can lift the spirit of people is the new challenge for the research.
(　　) 5. What is the main difference between poetry and music
A. Music causes fewer goosebumps.
B. Poetry creates more tingling sensations.
C. They work on different parts of the brain.
D. They are processed in different parts of the brain.
(　　) 6. What does the author probably think of poetry
A. It expresses something about the poet.
B. It is vague in its meaning but rich in emotional experiences.
C. It combines ingredients and extraordinary results.
D. It's a pure game of language that only surprises readers.
(　　) 7. What might be the problem when we learn poetry at school
A. We make children more exposed to it.
B. We haven't read a poem a thousand times.
C. We rely too much on our teachers.
D. We analyze this literary genre too much.
(　　) 8. Where can you read the passage
A. In a paper on geography. B. In a newspaper.
C. In a biography. D. In a magazine on wildlife.
Ⅱ. 完形填空。[2024安徽联考]
In the early hours of March 23, about 12 hours before our treasured 12 year old son died of a rare form of brain cancer, I climbed into his hospital bed, __1__ him in my arms and recited Lewis Carroll's Jabberwocky.
My child was no longer __2__， but I hoped and believed that he could sense my presence and that my voice would __3__ his wildly beating heart.
My son had been __4__ with the words of the poem by __5__ me reciting it to him almost every night before going to bed. He loved the __6__ of the “beamish(神采焕发的) boy” as, with a short sword in hand, the boy takes on a strong man several times his size.
My son was also a passionate __7__. But with many surgeries, rounds of radiation and medications __8__ most of his time, he could __9__ read on his own. Therefore, I __10__ to read to him. And it was during the reading that I found that poems could relieve my __11__. They offered an anchor to me during unpredictable and painful times. They also helped me prepare for the arrival of the final time.
Then it came—at 12：52 p．m. on March 23, my son's heart stopped beating forever. Despite my __12__， I was still overwhelmed by grief. Then I received a message from my friend. It was Raymond Carver's Late Fragment: “And what did you want？/ To call myself beloved, / to feel myself beloved on the earth.”
It __13__ me a bit, because I was __14__ that even in my son's darkest hours, he was always __15__—and still is. And thanks to poems, I was able to get through the pain and get on with my life.
(　　) 1. A. fed B. hid C. wrapped D. rocked
(　　) 2. A. ambitious B. conscious C. wise D. sensitive
(　　) 3. A. win B. stop C. preserve D. calm
(　　) 4. A. familiar B. concerned C. bored D. satisfied
(　　) 5. A. leading to B. listening to C. taking to D. agreeing to
(　　) 6. A. kindness B. patience C. courage D. honesty
(　　) 7. A. reader B. poet C. fan D. believer
(　　) 8. A. extending B. valuing C. wasting D. occupying
(　　) 9. A. nearly B. surely C. hardly D. finally
(　　)10. A. refused B. pretended C. expected D. offered
(　　)11. A. anxiety B. loneliness C. illness D. anger
(　　)12. A. struggle B. preparation C. tolerance D. power
(　　)13. A. amused B. comforted C. shocked D. confused
(　　)14. A. forced B. advised C. convinced D. promised
(　　)15. A. admired B. helped C. encouraged D. loved
Ⅲ. 语法填空。[2024阜阳三中期中]
Where the Sidewalk Ends is a book full of fascinating poems written 1. ____________ Shel Silverstein. It contains more than 100 of all kinds of poems—some are happy, some are funny and some are 2. ____________(excite). Each poem comes with a nice drawing by the author 3. ____________(he). Some of the pictures are very silly.
My favourite poem 4. ____________(call) Snowman. It is about 5. ____________ happy snowman, who always wants to see July. Other animals say that he will melt(融化) by then. But the snowman wants to see July so 6. ____________(bad) that no matter what other people say, it does not bother the snowman one bit. This poem never says if he actually sees July. So you can only guess.
Another poem I really like is Santa and the Reindeer. This poem is about Christmas. Santa has to give 7. ____________(variety) presents to the children while one of his reindeer is always asking what's for him. I guess Santa gets really annoyed because he puts a flea(虱子) in the reindeer's ear. And the next thing you know, they fly away and are ready 8. ____________(continue) their journey through the world handing out presents to all the children 9. ____________ have behaved well.
This book is fun to read because of all those unique poems. The 10. ____________(character) of this book do many unusual things such as selling sisters, talking to fish and a lot more.
Unit 4　Exploring poetry
Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading(1)
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了诗歌教学的实施步骤以及其重要性。
一、 1—4 DACC
1. D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“I have come to think, in fact, that time … if there isn't time for both.”可知，如果课堂上没有时间同时朗读和分析诗歌的话，把时间花在朗读上比花在分析上要值得多，因此分析诗歌是可选择的。
2. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“But even those aids to teaching … best of all, reciting it.”可知，即使是那些教学辅助手段，也不能取代学生和老师朗读，更不能取代理解诗歌最有效的方法——背诵。
3. C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“I have come to think, in fact, that time … if there isn't time for both.”以及画线短语后in the classroom可知，画线短语意为“留出一定的时间”。
4. C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.”可知，在语言和文学教学中，诗歌本应获得比目前更加重要的位置，即诗歌教学本该得到更多的重视。
二、 1. 分析：本句为并列复合句。so连接两个并列的句子，前一个分句是倒装句，the practice of reading it twice是句子的主语，is是谓语；第二个分句是主系表结构，“one hears of it”为省略引导词that的定语从句，修饰先行词the sound。
译文：也许更好的做法是读两遍，一次在讨论的开始，一次在讨论的结束，所以人们最后听到的是这首诗的声音。
2. 分析：本句为并列句。and连接两个并列的句子，两个分句都是主系表结构；在第二个分句中，suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once为现在分词短语做伴随状语。
译文：所有关于诗歌的讨论，实际上都是为大声朗读做准备，而对诗歌的朗读，最终是对诗歌最有力的解释，同时暗示着语气、节奏和意义。
3. 分析：本句为简单句。整个句子是主谓宾结构，主语是those aids to teaching，谓语是cannot replace，宾语是the student and teacher，最后的reading it or, best of all, reciting it为现在分词短语做后置定语。
译文：但即使是那些教学辅助手段也无法取代学生和老师阅读它，或者最好是背诵它。
4. 分析：本句为主从复合句。deserves为主句谓语动词，a place为宾语，in the teaching of language and literature做后置定语，修饰place；“than it presently occupies”是比较状语从句。
译文：它在语言文学教学中也应该占有比现在更重要的地位。
5. 分析：本句为并列复合句。and连接前后两个并列的分句。在第一个分句中，those who do teach poetry是主语部分，其中who do teach poetry是定语从句，修饰先行词those；must keep in mind是谓语动词短语；a few things是宾语；about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense是两个并列的介词短语做后置定语，修饰things。在第二个分句中，they是主语；must make room 是谓语动词短语；in the classroom是地点状语。
译文：但是那些教授诗歌的人必须记住一些关于诗歌本质的东西，关于诗歌的声音还有感觉，他们必须在课堂上腾出时间来听和思考诗歌。
Ⅱ. 1—5 CFBGA
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何创作自由诗。
1. 根据上文“But you don't know how to write one！”和下文中的主题句可知，空处应承上启下，指出要介绍一些写自由诗的步骤来解决问题。C项“以下步骤可以解决你的问题”符合语境。
2. 根据下文“If you have trouble choosing a subject, try closing your eyes and visualising what is meaningful to you.”可知，空处与选择主题相关。F项“你也可以专注于一个主题，比如爱或悲伤”符合语境，选项中的theme和段落主题句以及下文中subject对应。
3. 根据上文“Are you going to write from a certain point of view, like the first person or the third person？”和下文“Are you considering how you can choose certain words to describe the subject？”可知，空处和上下文并列，应提出一个需要思考的有关处理这个主题的方法的问题。B项“你是否专注于特定的一个场景？”符合语境。
4. 空处为本段主旨句；根据下文“Write down as many details as you can think of. For example, if you are describing your last birthday party, you may start by describing who was at the party, the gifts you received, and how you felt during the party.”可知，本段主要阐述应尽可能多地写下与主题相关的关键词汇。G项“写下与主题相关的关键词”能够概括本段主旨，引领本段。最后一段中Use the list of keywords也是提示。
5. 根据主题句“Create a draft and improve it.”以及下文“These will help you to create a stronger free verse poem.”可知，空处应提到了一些写作技巧。A项“注意使用隐喻、明喻等技巧”符合语境，下文中的These指代选项中的devices like metaphor, simile, etc。
Ⅲ. 1—5 BDCBA　6—10 CADBA　11—15 DACBD
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诗歌如何让作者变得自信的故事。
1. shocked震惊的；anxious焦虑的；excited激动的；ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“I used to be a shy and quiet person”、下文tremble, and turn red并结合常识可知，作者是一个害羞的人，所以作者在公开演讲时会焦虑、颤抖、脸红。
2. looked forward to盼望；took advantage of利用；made up for弥补；missed out on错过。根据上文fearing the judgement of others可知，作者是一个害羞的人，担心外人的评价，所以会避免诸如戏剧和表演等场合，从而错过这些机会。
3. participated in参加；responded to对……回应；heard about听说；prepared for为……做准备。根据下文“I figured it was time to face my fears”和“Little did I know I'd actually been given a mentor to help me prepare for the __6__．”可知，作者决定报名参加并且在老师的指导下准备比赛，由此可知，此处指作者听说了这个比赛。
4. writing写作；reciting朗诵；calling打电话；shouting大声喊，叫。根据下文poetry out loud和下文“I had to practise reciting one of the poems”可知，这是一个诗歌朗诵比赛，学生们要大声朗读诗歌。
5. fright恐惧；management管理；direction方向；appearance外表。根据上文“whenever I had to do public speaking, I would get __1__， tremble, and turn red”和“I spent so much time fearing the judgement of others”可知，作者在公共场合演讲时容易焦虑、颤抖和脸红，害怕别人的评价，所以作者怯场。
6. judgement判断；journey旅程；competition比赛；practice实践。根据上文“I __3__ a competition”可知，作者为诗歌朗诵比赛做准备。
7. nervous紧张的；serious严重的；curious好奇的；ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据下文“I was as quiet as a mouse”可知，作者紧张得不敢说话。
8. forced强迫；adjusted调整；drawn画，吸引；glued粘贴。根据上文“I was as quiet as a mouse”和下文“My mentor softly __9__ me to be a little louder and look a little higher. Slowly but surely, I got better at making eye contact and __10__ my voice.”可知，作者一开始因为紧张而不敢和导师有眼神接触，眼睛盯着地板，在导师的帮助下才慢慢跟别人进行眼神交流。be glued to … 意为“全神贯注看着……，盯着……看”。
9. promised答应；encouraged鼓励；warned警告；chose选择。根据下文me to be a little louder and look a little higher可知，导师鼓励作者大声一点，眼睛看得高一点。
10. raising提高；keeping保持；lowering降低；finding发现。根据上文be a little louder可知，经过训练，作者的嗓门慢慢提高了。
11. independent独立的；competent有竞争力的；intelligent聪明的；confident自信的。根据下文“it felt like I was freeing myself from the chains of fear”可知，作者摆脱了恐惧的束缚，变得更加自信。
12. indescribable难以形容的；terrible糟糕的；uncomfortable不舒服的；familiar熟悉的。根据下文“it felt like I was freeing myself from the chains of fear and __13__”可知，作者形容这种感觉像是把自己从恐惧的枷锁中解放出来，所以作者在尽量去描绘这种难以形容的感觉。
13. self control自我控制；self motivation自我激励；self doubt自我怀疑；self regulation自我管理。根据上文“I spent so much time fearing the judgement of others that I __2__ opportunities like school plays and performances.”和the chains of fear and可知，空处所填词应和fear表达的情感相近。作者害怕别人对自己的评价，容易产生自我怀疑，而这次比赛让作者感觉自己从这种恐惧和自我怀疑中解放出来了。
14. satisfied with对……满意；involved in参与；concerned about担忧，关心；surprised by对……感到惊讶。根据上文“With each word, I grew more and more __11__．”和“I've also written a ton of poetry, and some pieces have been published already”可知，这场诗歌比赛让作者从一个害羞的、不自信的人成长为一个自信的人，并且开始了作诗，所以作者认为参与诗歌的经历是奇妙的。
15. difficult艰难的；annoying令人厌烦的；strange奇怪的；amazing令人惊讶的，不可思议的。根据下文journey that has helped me grow as both a poet and a person可知，诗歌改变了作者，让作者成为诗人和真正意义上的人，所以作者认为参与诗歌的经历是不可思议的。
Period 2　Language focus on Reading(2)
Ⅰ. 1—5 DACBB　6—7 DC
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了根西岛国际诗歌比赛的相关信息。
1. D　细节理解题。根据Rules部分中“Entries must be no longer than 14 lines and must be typed and fit on a single A4 page.”可知，参赛者应该按要求把诗打印出来。
2. A　推理判断题。根据Rules部分中“Entries must be entirely the work of the entrant and must never have been published, self published, published on any public website or broadcast, nor winning or placed in any other competition.”可知，参赛作品必须完全是参赛者的作品，不能是已经发表过或参过赛的作品，由此可得出参赛作品应该是原创的。
3. C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The prize is open to anyone except those involved in organizing the competition.”可知，参与组织比赛的人无权获奖，即组织比赛的作家无权获奖。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过女儿被队友的话语伤害这件事引发了对于孩子自我价值教育的思考。
4. B　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can't always be there to protect our kids from unkind words.”及下文“I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I told her not to let someone else's criticisms influence her.”可知，当知道孩子被队友的话伤害后，作者尽力安慰她。故console意为“安慰”。
5. B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“From my youth, I've struggled with the concept that my self worth was directly related to my physical appearance.”及第二段中“When I became a mom, I was afraid that this concept would take root in my daughter.”和下文描写作者想要对女儿做出的保护可以看出，作者对于孩子的成长是很担忧的。
6. D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“We can start by modeling kindness, and self acceptance in our own lives. Kids tend to copy what adults do and say, so be careful. If we are putting ourselves down, our kids will follow in our footsteps.”可知，根据作者的想法，父母应该给孩子们树立一个好榜样来教育他们什么是真正的自我价值。
7. C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It's a hard thing for parents to teach children to be confident in their own skin and to pay more attention to their inner beauty than outward appearance.”及“Hopefully, in doing so, they'll begin to understand that there's so much more to them than just their shells.”可知，作者在最后一段建议教导我们的孩子内在美的重要性。
Ⅱ. 1. More than any other type of literature, poetry is a combination of “sound” and “sense”， which usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.　2. To reveal this hidden dimension, first, follow your ears. Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud.　3. Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.　4. Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience.　5. Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
Period 3　Grammar and usage
Ⅰ. 1—5 ABBCD　6—7 BA
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以提供徒步旅行的加拿大俱乐部的信息。
1. A　推理判断题。根据Yukon Outdoors Club部分中“The trips are open to everyone and range from easy to moderate to difficult.”可推断，Yukon Outdoors Club基于会员的远足技能组织了三个等级难度的旅行。
2. B　细节理解题。根据Pender Harbour Hiking Group部分中“Hikes are scheduled two months in advance, so check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you！”可知，该俱乐部的徒步旅行日程提前两个月就制定好了。
3. B　细节理解题。根据Vernon Outdoors Club部分中“Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10. Children are free when they come with a registered family member.”可知，如果Smith先生和夫人是会员，那么带两个孩子免费，因此四人的费用是$25*2＝$50。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近，科学家们重新对通过诗歌来表达他们的研究产生了兴趣，用诗歌将复杂的科学概念简化为人人都能理解的语言。
4. C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Recently, however, there has been a reappearance of interest among scientists in expressing their research through poetry, such as lyrics and haiku, as alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.”可知，最近，科学与诗歌结合的现象增加了。
5. D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through workshops and a new science poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.”可知，通过组织研讨会和出版科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth弥合了科学与公众之间的鸿沟。
6. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem，’ Mazon says.”可知，Stephany Mazon认为在研讨会中写俳句有趣、简单。
7. A　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Scientist poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees, noting that poetry simplifies complex scientific concepts into language that everyone can understand.”可知，用诗歌进行科学传播的一个优势是它为普通读者简化了复杂的科学概念。
Ⅱ. 1. hidden　2. strategies　3. are advised
4. and　5. the　6. to interpret　7. thoroughly
8. than　9. unnecessary　10. allows
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何轻松而透彻地理解诗歌。
1. 考查形容词。根据下文dimension为名词可知，此处为形容词hidden“隐藏的”做定语修饰该名词。
2. 考查名词复数。根据上文some以及谓语动词为are可知，此处填名词复数形式strategies。
3. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处填谓语动词，advice的动词形式为advise；You和动词advise为被动关系；结合上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，故填are advised。
4. 考查连词。根据语境可知，表示“接下来，然后”，应用连词and，连接上下句，表示递进关系。
5. 考查冠词。固定短语make the most of，意为“充分利用”，故填the。
6. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语struggle to do，意为“努力做某事”，所以此处填动词不定式to interpret。
7. 考查副词。此处为副词thoroughly做状语，修饰动词understand。
8. 考查介词。根据more interesting可知，此处为比较级用法，为more … than …，意为“比……更……”。
9. 考查形容词。根据下文abandon logical thinking可知，有时可以放弃逻辑思考，故没有必要完全理解一首诗。所以此处用形容词necessary的否定形式unnecessary(不必要的)做表语。
10. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处填谓语动词，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时；主语Poetry's combination为单数意义名词，所以动词用第三人称单数形式allows。
Period 4　Integrated skills
Ⅰ. 1. bent　2. claimed　3. Hence　4. sighed
5. diverge
Ⅱ. 1—4 ACBD
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诗歌的悠久历史、起源、形式演变及现代诗歌的多样性与创新。
1. A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Early poems developed from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell the actions of great men and women or about a nation's history.”可知，早期诗歌起源于民歌。
2. C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“From the mid 20th century, poetry has been more generally regarded as a creative act employing language.”可知，20世纪中期以来，诗歌被普遍视为一种运用语言的创造性行为。
3. B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Much modern poetry reflects a criticism of poetic tradition, playing with and testing the principle of rhyme itself, sometimes altogether giving up rhyme or set rhythm. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms, styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.”可推知，现代诗歌往往批评传统诗歌规则，有时完全放弃韵律或固定节奏，并且诗人会借鉴不同文化和语言的多种形式、风格和技巧。
4. D　文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Poetry has a long history, dating back to The Epic of Gilgamesh, composed 4，000 years ago in what is now Iraq and Syria.”可知，文章内容涉及诗歌的历史、特点、发展以及现代诗歌的趋势，属于文学艺术类知识。由此推知，本文最有可能出自百科全书。
Ⅲ. 1—5 DCAFE
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何更好地欣赏诗歌。
1. 上文“Ask yourself questions such as ‘What is the poem about？’and ‘What is their writing style？’. Answering these questions will help you comprehend the main points of the poem.”提出找到一些问题的答案有助于对诗歌的理解。D项“提高对文学技巧运用的理解力也是有益的”提出有助于诗歌理解的另一个方法，与上文构成并列关系，句中also体现上下文逻辑关系。同时，下文“It is these techniques that can make a poem more engaging and memorable.”中these techniques照应D项中literary techniques。
2. 上文“When reading a poem, it is important to remember that it is not just words on a page, but is meant to be heard or read aloud.”要求读诗时要大声读出来。C项“它能帮助你理解诗人想要表达的情感”承接上文，说明大声读诗的原因，下文中it指代选项中the emotion。
3. 设空处是段首主题句。根据下文“Approaching poetry with an attitude of finding connections between the poem and one's own life can be a valuable tool for appreciating the poem more.”可知，本段建议寻找诗歌与自己生活之间的联系。故A项“寻找联系”是对本段内容的概括，适合做段首主题句。
4. 上文“Combining poetry with music, painting, sculpture, dance, film and theatre can assist in inviting a wider audience to engage with poetry. Pairing poetry with other art forms allows poetry to be explored in innovative formats.”提出一种创新的探索诗歌的方式：将诗歌与其他艺术形式相结合。F项“因此，这开辟了以一种全新的方式欣赏诗歌的途径”承接上文，明确这是一种新的方式，选项中in a completely new way与上文in innovative formats相照应。
5. 根据下文In this way和review their own thoughts and ideas可知，上文中会提到一种“读者要去审视自己对诗的看法和想法”的阅读方式，即E项“深入分析一首诗可以让读者真正成为诗的一部分”中的观点：深入分析，同时照应本段主题“Develop a sense of critical thinking.”。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
Notice
Dear_exchange_students，
Professor Meng Man from Central University for Nationalities is to give us a lecture on how to read Chinese poetry in the lecture hall this Friday.
From 3 p．m. to 5 p．m., Professor Meng will introduce the development of Chinese poetry and instruct us to appreciate poems with a combination of “sound” and “sense”. At the end of the lecture, the floor will be open to questions.
Everyone is welcome to join us. Please arrive ten minutes ahead of time.
The_Students'_Union
Period 5　Extended reading(1)
Ⅰ. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了诗歌所拥有的魅力，并在各个时间、地域和文化之间起着桥梁的作用。
一、 1—4 CABD
1. C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Studies have shown that people … to Alzheimer's disease.”可知，研究表明，记忆和回忆诗歌的人不太容易患老年痴呆症。
2. A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Readers of poetry are more likely than non readers to analyse information for viewpoints.”可知，读诗歌的人比不读诗歌的人更倾向于通过分析信息来形成观点，以此提升批判性思维。
3. B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, Shakespeare Sonnets with their universal … in the 17th century.”可知，《莎士比亚十四行诗》以爱和渴望为主题，跨越了几个世纪的鸿沟，帮助我们了解17世纪人们的感受。由此可推知，作者提到《莎士比亚十四行诗》的目的是证明诗歌可以让读者感同身受，产生共鸣。
4. D　写作目的题。根据第一段中“Reading poetry is necessary to gain a full understanding of the world and has many additional benefits.”可知，这句话是全文的主题句。并结合全文内容可知，全篇主要讲述了诗歌阅读给读者带来的益处，并且指出诗歌对文化的传播和继承起到了重要的作用，所以文章的主要目的是讲述阅读诗歌的好处。
二、 1. 分析：本句为并列复合句。整个句子由and连接构成并列句。前半句中Since first analysed by Aristotle是since从句的省略形式，省略了“主语＋be”，做状语，主体部分“poetry has been part of every major art movement”是主系表结构；后半句“some say it captures emotion better than any other forms”是主谓宾结构，其中“it captures emotion better than any other forms”是宾语从句，里面又包含一个省略的比较状语从句。
译文：自亚里士多德首次对其进行分析以来，诗歌一直是每一个主要艺术运动的一部分，有人说它比任何其他形式都更能捕捉情感。
2. 分析：本句为主从复合句。整个句子是主谓宾结构，宾语是students和anyone，其中anyone后接定语从句。
译文：这种技能对学生有益，对任何想要对新闻条目形成自己的观点，或者想要更好地理解诸如合同之类文件的人也有益。
3. 分析：本句为简单句。整个句子是主谓宾结构，developed through reading poetry为过去分词短语做后置定语，修饰主语skills。
译文：通过阅读诗歌培养的批判性思维能力使得控制语言本身的能力大大增强。
4. 分析：本句为简单句。整个句子是主系表结构，表语是its ability，后跟不定式to unite readers and writers across time and cultural boundaries做后置定语。
译文：文学最非凡的力量在于它能够跨越时间和文化界限，将读者与作者联系在一起。
5. 分析：本句为简单句。整个句子是主谓宾结构，This connection between universal emotions and personal experiences是主语，中心词为connection；encourages是谓语动词；the development of empathy是宾语。
译文：普遍情感和个人经历之间的这种联系促进了同理心的形成。
Ⅱ. 1—5 CGABE
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写诗的技巧，包括了解写作目的、确定主题以及参考他人的分析等。这些技巧可以帮助初学者写诗。
1. 根据下文“However, in the real sense, poetry is never difficult.”可知，此处强调真正意义上的诗歌并不难，此处的However表明本句应该与空处构成转折关系。C项“对于初学者来说，诗歌艺术一开始似乎很难”符合语境。
2. 根据本段段旨“Know your aim.”可知，在写诗之前要知道自己的目标。G项“在写诗之前，你必须明白你打算从这首诗中得到什么”承接段旨，符合语境。
3. 空处为本段段旨。根据下文“Take out a sheet of paper and write every idea and word that comes into your head concerning your aim. Pick one of these words or ideas and focus on it, expanding on that idea until you have a full poem.”可知，本段讲述随机写下自己脑海中出现的与目标相关的内容。A项“把随机的单词和想法写下来”能够概括本段主要内容，适合做段旨句。
4. 根据上文“We advise you to look through The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.”可知，此处建议在撰写诗歌的时候，可以看一看《古舟子咏》，下文承接的内容应是读《古舟子咏》的好处。B项“它可能会给你一些新鲜和新奇的想法”符合语境，其中的It指代上文《古舟子咏》。
5. 根据下文“However, they will help in writing poetry for beginners.”可知，上述的建议会帮助初学者写诗，且空处和下文应构成转折关系。E项“据我们所知，这些技巧不一定是写诗的规则”与下文构成转折关系，指出虽然上述的建议不是必要的写诗规