期末培优 语篇—科普知识（专项练习.含解析）2025-2026学年九年级上册英语人教版

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末培优 语篇—科普知识
一．阅读理解（共11小题）
1．（2024秋 平定县期末） There are many unsolved mysteries in life even though science，technology，and research have come a very long way.Let's enjoy the following unsolved mysteries.
The Bermuda Triangle（百慕大三角区） The Bermuda Triangle is a loosely﹣defined（宽松定义的）area.It's in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean.It's one of the most mysterious places in the world.It's said that a number of planes and ships have disappeared mysteriously.Pilots say their instruments can't work there.With explanations from gas bubbles（气泡） to aliens，no one knows what is behind the strange thing.
The Loch Ness Monster （尼斯湖水怪） The Loch Ness is in the northern of Scotland.For ages，people have been hearing about the Loch Ness Monster.Over the years photos and videos of actual footprints have been checked and watched over and over again to find out if it could be a sea snake or a dinosaur（恐龙）.Even today，it may still exist and swim under the waters.
The Nazca Lines（纳斯卡线条） The Nazca Lines are located in southern Peru and cover about 170 square miles，There are numbers of things from the natural world to the human imagination such as spiders，monkeys，sharks，flowers and so on.But the exact meanings of many geoglyphs（地画） remain unknown.
（1）Where is the Bermuda Triangle？ 　 　
A.It's in the western of the North Atlantic Ocean.
B.It's in the northern of Scotland.
C.It's in the southern of Peru.
（2）Why do people check the photos and videos of the Loch Ness Monster again and again？ 　 　
A.Because they find out it is a dinosaur.
B.Because they want to know what it is actually.
C.Because the monster is very strong and beautiful.
（3）How many square miles do The Nazca Lines have？ 　 　
A.About 150 square miles.
B.About 170 square miles.
C.About 200 square miles.
（4）What can we know about the Nazca Lines？ 　 　
A.Ships always get lost there.
B.A large number of aliens used to live there.
C.No one knows the true meanings of many geoglyphs.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.People have found a reasonable（合理的） explanation of the lost ships.
B.The Loch Ness Monster must be a special sea snake.
C.The Nazca Lines include pictures of some animals.
2．（2024秋 石家庄期末） Look at this robot in the picture.What do you think it is for？
Scientists in China have developed the special robot to help visually impaired people （视障人士）.It has six legs and can act as a "guide dog" for people who can't see.
In China，there are over 17 million visually impaired people，but there are only about 400 real guide dogs to help them.It is very hard and expensive to train guide dogs，so most visually impaired people don't have one.
The new robot can help solve the problem.It can do many things.For example，it can know what the person is saying and act quickly；it can avoid obstacles （障碍物） and find the right way to go.What's more，the robot can be used as a helper in the home and call for help if needed.
To make the robot work well，the scientists gave it many senses （感觉）.It can see，hear，speak and feel.In this way，the robot can know what the person wants to do and work together with him.The robot's six legs also make it more stable （稳定的） than other robot with just four legs.
Li Fei，a visually impaired woman，tried out the robot during a test.She said that when guided her，she could walk straighter than she did on her own.The developers have already got orders for 20 of the robots.Soon they could help many visually impaired people in China.
（1）How many legs does the robot have？ 　 　
A.3.
B.4.
C.5.
D.6.
（2）Why don't some visually impaired people buy real guide dogs？ 　 　
A.Because there aren't guide dogs in China.
B.Because guide dogs are too expensive.
C.Because training guide dogs is too boring.
D.Because visually impaired people don't work.
（3）What can we know about the robot？ 　 　
A.It can cook for visually impaired people.
B.It can't avoid obstacles in time.
C.It can't talk with visually impaired people.
D.It can understand what the person is saying.
（4）What does the underlined word "developers" mean in Paragraph 6？ 　 　
A .Inventors.
B.Speakers.
C.Pioneers.
D.Postmen.
（5）What is the best title for the text？ 　 　
A.A Club to Help Disabled People
B.A Robot for Visually Impaired People
C.An Idea to Improve Your Life
D.A Problem to Be Solved Easily
3．（2024秋 南昌期末） If you are reading this now，it is because these words are printed on this page.Could this happen 2，000 years ago？Well，you could have read some words but the words weren't printed by a machine on paper.Let's get close to movable﹣type printing.
Inventor： Bi Sheng
Appearing Time： Around 1，000 years ago
Material： Clay
How to work： Make the clay into small squares （方块）. Carve （刻） single character on them. Burn them hard with fire，then paint ink. Move freely to form different vocabularies or sentences. Lay down a piece of paper，and a printed sheet was created.
Now，we send emails，texts and photos to each other.We can download books，read on phones and computers.Ideas and knowledge are spreading faster than any other time in history and the screen is replacing （代替） the page for many people，but there is still no denying （否认） the value of movable type.
（1）Choose the picture that shows movable﹣type printing. 　 　
A.
B.
C.
D.
（2）What do we need if we want to make small squares？ 　 　
A.Clay.
B.Paper.
C.Words.
D.Ink.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form above？ 　 　
A.Movable type printing has no value any longer.
B.The screen has completely replaced the paper page.
C.We can get knowledge in many ways not just on page.
D.Words were printed by a machine on paper 2，000 years ago.
4．（2024秋 阳西县期末） Some days，don't you think，"Wouldn't it be nice if the laundry（洗衣） would just do itself？" Self﹣cleaning clothes may sound crazy.But Australian researchers have found a way to make something like this possible!
A team at RMIT University in Australia found a way to put special nanostructures（纳米结构材料） into clothing.They can help clean the clothes.When sunlight hits the nanostructures，they break down the dirty things on your clothes.
The nanostructures don't break down the actual clothing because cotton and the other clothing materials are too strong to be broken down.The researchers cover the clothing in a solution（溶液） made of silver and copper（铜） nanostructures.All it takes is 40 minutes of sunlight and your clothes will look as good as new.So if you want to wash clothes after eating hotpot，you can step outside for a walk，and it will be clean by the time you go inside.It not only makes your life easier，but it can also be good for the environment.A laundry uses about 25 gallons of water.Water is very important，so using less of it to wash clothes is better for the environment.
But one of the scientists at RMIT University knows more needs to be done."There's more work to do before we can start throwing out our washing machines，"said Dr.Rajesh
Ramanathan，"but this is a strong foundation（基础）."
（1）What is the underlined word"They"in paragraph 2 about？ 　 　
A.Special nanostructures.
B.Washing machines.
C.Universities.
D.Researchers.
（2）Why can the clothing with the nanostructures get clean？ 　 　
A.Because there is cotton in the clothing.
B.Because the sunlight can break down the nanostructures.
C.Because silver and copper can get the dirty things off the clothing.
D.Because the nanostructures can break down the dirty things when sunlight hits them.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about？ 　 　
A.How to make self﹣cleaning clothes.
B.How the self﹣cleaning clothes work.
C.Advantages of the self﹣cleaning clothes.
D.Prices of making self﹣cleaning clothes.
（4）We can learn from the passage that 　 　 .
A.the self﹣cleaning clothes can get clean in just a few seconds
B.self﹣cleaning clothes help protect the environment
C.we can buy self﹣cleaning clothes on the market now
D.it's time to throw out our washing machines
（5）Which can be the best title for this passage？ 　 　
A.Cleaning Clothes Gets Easier
B.Difficulties in Clothes Cleaning
C.Steps to Clean Your Clothes
D.Washing Clothes by Yourself
5．（2024秋 武昌区期末） Believe it or not，we know more about space than we do about the deep ocean.Since 1969，a total of 12 people have walked on the moon，but only three have dived （潜水） to the Mariana Trench's deepest point.As we all know，it's very challenging to explore Qomolangma，the Sahara Desert，and the Amazon Rainforest.However，the Mariana Trench's conditions and depth of about 11，000 meters make it the most difficult to explore.Even more shocking﹣Although the ocean covers about 71% of the Earth's surface，95% of it is unexplored.
Historically，people explored the ocean just to find ways to travel around the world or to start new trades.Also，to early people，the ocean was a scary place，full of dangerous creatures.They thought that，the deep ocean was dark and lifeless.Furthermore，cold temperatures and huge water pressure prevented ocean exploration，too.Diving into the Mariana Trench，for example，would make you feel like having 50 jumbo jets （巨型喷气式飞机） pressing down on you.
However，the ocean influences everyone in lots of things，from the air we breathe，the food we eat，transportation，medicine，to weather and climate.And the deep ocean holds a huge amount of oil，gas and so on.Therefore，ocean exploration has always been a big dream of humans in modern times.
In recent years，thanks to new technology like improved submarines （潜艇），robots and cameras，humans have been able to explore the deeper sea.On November 17th，2024，China made a huge breakthrough in deep﹣sea exploration with its "Mengxiang" ship.With the world's top drilling system （钻探系统），this amazing ship can reach up to 11，000 meters below the sea surface，allowing scientists to study and learn more about the earth.
The "Mengxiang" ship is the pride of our nation，pushing the limits of what we know and can achieve.Let's see how much further China can go in ocean exploration in the future!
（1）Which picture may best show the Mariana Trench？ 　 　
A.
B.
C.
D.
（2）What BIG question does Paragraph 2 focus on？ 　 　
A.What does a jumbo jet look like？
B.When did ocean exploration begin？
C.How is space different from the ocean？
D.Why is so much of the ocean unexplored？
（3）The ocean is important because 　 　 .
A.it brings humans a lot of challenges
B.it provides humans with necessary things
C.it influences every field in our daily life
D.it covers a quarter of the Earth's surface
（4）According to the passage，the "Mengxiang" ship 　 　 .
a.makes the whole world proud
b.carries the Chinese dream
c.can explore outer space
d.shows China's great power
A.a，c
B.b，c
C.b，d
D.a，d
（5）What's the writer's attitude （态度） towards today's ocean exploration？ 　 　
A.Hopeful.
B.Doubtful.
C.Worried.
D.Uncertain.
6．（2024秋 武汉期末）
Show the power of friction Interleave（交错的）the page of two piles of sticky notes，say 40 interleaved pages，and they will produce opposite force which is called friction.How much can the friction produced by the interleaved pages support？Actually，it can support up to 60 pounds!That's amazing，right？This shows that friction can create a very strong power.
Boil water in a paper cup Put water in a paper cup and place it over a candle.The water will boil!During boiling，the temperature of the water remains at around 100°C because the energy taken in by the water is used to change its state rather than increase its temperature.It means that while the water is boiling，it stops the paper cup from reaching its burning point.So the paper cup does not burn as long as there is enough water to take in the heat.
_______________ Keep water from falling out of an overturned glass.A card can be stuck to a glass and keep the water in it，as if by magic!Air pressure forces the card upward，against the glass.The pressure is strong enough to stop the weight of the water pushing the card away.
（1）In which section of the website can we read the texts？ 　 　
A.Future World.
B.Art Desk.
C.Culture Link.
D.Science Center.
（2）"Friction"can be explained as the force that 　 　 .
A.pushes something to go
B.makes something fall down
C.stops something from moving
D.holds the weight of something
（3）According to text 2，the paper cup isn't burnt because 　 　 .
A.water takes in the beat
B.water reaches 100°C first
C.it's far from the candle
D.it's made of special paper
（4）What is the best title for text 3？ 　 　
A.Press the glass by hand
B.Close the glass with air
C.Overturn the glass by magic
D.Keep water in with a card
（5）The purpose of the texts above is to 　 　 .
A.explain some interesting facts
B.tell us to pay attention to life
C.encourage us to discover things actively
D.introduce some fun daily activities
7．（2024秋 武汉期末） When you finally finish your work and get to relax，what do you do？Do you lie on your bed a run your finger through your phone？Many people find that this kind of entertainment only bring boredom and emptiness.
Different from what many people may think，play isn't just wasting time.Having the ability to and relax meaningfully during your leisure time is important."Leisure doesn't improve the quality life unless you know how to make good use of it."James Wallman，the writer of Time and Ho Spend It explains that some experiences are"junk experiences"while others are like"superfoods also points out that "superfood"activities help you live in the present and achieve a higher leisure quotient（LQ，玩商）.
LQ is an index（指数）used to describe one's ability to relax and play.A high LQ usually means that a person hos good control over his life，and knows how to keep a balanced lifestyle that makes him healthier and happier，according to China Daily.
Research shows that people with high LQ scores feel happier and generally avoid being down and other mental illnesses.At the same time，another famous scientist also points out that those who can play will succeed.
Instead of doing passive activities like watching short videos，people with high LQ scores choose active activities that suit their interests，giving them continuous positive reflections.According to Wallman，examples of this positive reflection include：an unforgettable story you can share with others，a new skill，a different world view，improved relationships and so on.
（1）The underlined word"it"in paragraph 2 refers to 　 　 .
A.life
B.leisure
C.the phone
D.the book
（2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？ 　 　
A.When is the best time to play？
B.Why should we use leisure time properly？
C.What are"superfood"activities？
D.How can we live in the present meaningfully？
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　 　
（SH＝sense of happiness）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）According to the passage，who probably has the lowest LQ score？ 　 　
A.Susan who is leaning how to cook.
B.Susan who plays soccer after school.
C.Tony who keeps everything to himself.
D.Tom who often shares his trip experiences.
（5）After the last paragraph，the writer will probably 　 　 .
A.encourage us to improve LQ
B.share some people's LQ scores
C.write about some passive activities
D.tell us the importance of"superfoods"
8．（2024秋 江夏区期末）
_________ Recently，US scientists created the first"protocells"（原始细胞）on Earth about 3，800 million years ago.At first，the protocells only merged （融合） with each other，so evolution （进化） couldn't take place.However，when the scientists added water like the rain on Earth 4 billion years ago，a"wall"formed around each protocell，keeping them separated and causing evolution to happen.
Mosquitoes"seeing"humans Scientists recently tested how well mosquitoes（蚊子） could feel heat，odor（气体） and CO2.The results showed that though mosquitoes depend on all these to find hosts，they are more interested in heat that matches the temperature of human.Wearing big clothes can help us"hide"our body heat and prevent mosquitoes from harming us.
Venom treating a disease One of the most deadly marine snails（海螺） can give off a kind of venom （毒液）.It can make their"food"still in seconds.However，scientists recently discovered something in the venom that may help save lives.When separated from the venom，it can control blood sugar.The scientists think it may be able to help treat a disease that about 422 million people suffer from around the world.
（1）In which SECTION of the website can we read the news？ 　 　
A.HEALTH
B.ENVIRONMENT
C.SCIENCE
D.ANIMAL
（2）The best heading for the first piece of news would be 　 　 .
A.Life starting with rain
B.Scientists creating the first life
C.Scientists separating protocells
D.Life being separated from protocells
（3）Mosquitoes could"see"humans most probably by 　 　 .
A.feeling body heat
B.feeling odor
C.feeling CO2
D.feeling clothes
（4）According to the third piece of news，we can infer that 　 　 .
A.venom is the most useful to human beings
B.venom can help marine snails make food
C.venom can control blood sugar without being dealt with
D.many people suffer from blood sugar problem around the world
（5）What do the three pieces of news have in common？ 　 　
A.They help people live a healthy life.
B.They show some latest research results.
C.They show us how to protect ourselves.
D.They show how hard﹣working scientists are.
9．（2024秋 青白江区期末） Do you know China's "four great new inventions"？Let's have a look at them together.
China has built the world's largest high speed railway network.The train can run at speeds of 250﹣350 km/h. It's China's leading mobile and online payment service.Since 2004，buyers have been able to use their smartphones to pay by scanning payment codes on the phone.
With around 1 billion Internet users，China has been the world's largest and fast﹣growing e﹣commerce market.People buy what they want online without going outside. Nowadays，in China，shared bikes allow users to pick up or park a bike almost everywhere.To unlock a shared bike，you need to scan the QR code（二维码） on it.After finishing riding，you can lock the bike and pay for your ride through mobile payment.
根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂 "A"，错误的涂 "B"。
（1）China's high ﹣ speed trains can run 250 kilometers per hour at most. 　 　
（2）Online payment service has a history of about twenty years. 　 　
（3）China has the largest number of Internet users in the world. 　 　
（4）Shared bikes allow users to go almost everywhere for free. 　 　
（5）All these inventions have one thing in common：they make our life convenient. 　 　
10．（2024秋 巫山县期末） What will the world of tomorrow be like？Many people today believe that technology is going to help solve some problems we have today.New technology may solve old problems，and it may also create new ones.No technology is perfect.Each has advantages and disadvantages.Here are three examples.
When we dream about the future，many of us think that we will be able to fly to the sky in our own flying cars.We could fly at 480 km per hour，avoiding traffic lights and busy roads.However，if too many flying cars are in the air，there will be trouble with traffic control.
3 D printing is another new technology for the future.3 D printers are already used to make life﹣size models of car parts（部件），and man﹣made body parts，like ears.As we move into the future，3 D printing will change the way we make things and the way we treat sick people.The disadvantage is that such a machine is very expensive.
Finally，people are trying to make a robot suit （套装）.This is an electronic suit.It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way.It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident.However，one disadvantage at the moment is the cost.
It is easy to imagine a future.We will be able to fly to work，print out a new pair of shoes or lift a car above our heads.Although there are some problems to solve，we can certainly dream of a world.In this world，technology makes people's life easier and safer，and it can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today.
（1）How does the writer start the passage？ 　 　
A.By asking a question.
B.By giving a report.
C.By giving advice.
D.By telling a story.
（2）Which one of the following is NOT true？ 　 　
A.If too many flying cars are in the air，there will be problems with traffic control.
B.Technology can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today.
C.A robot suit costs too much at the moment.
D.3 D printing won't change the way we make things.
（3）What might the robot suit help people do after an illness or an accident？ 　 　
A.It might help people fly to the sky.
B.It might help people walk again.
C.It might help people make models.
D.It might help people save money.
（4）What would be the best structure（结构）of this passage？ 　 　
（Paragraph1＝①Paragraph2＝②Paragraph3＝③Paragraph4＝④Paragraph5＝⑤）
A.
B.
C.
D.
11．（2024秋 庐江县期末） In the past ten years，great progress has been made in technology.It seems like everything has been greatly improved.But there is one thing unlike them.It was invented over 100 years ago but remained unchanged until now.I'm talking about the walking stick for the blind.
The white stick has been used by many blind people for a long time.However，it hasn't really been improved until a blind engineer named Kursat decided to do something to change that.He hoped his invention would help the blind.
He invented a smart stick called WeWalk.The smart stick uses built —in speakers and different sensors （传感器） to warm about possible dangers.It helps blind people in navigating （导航） around their environment.It makes their travel much easier.The stick is priced at around＄500.It is half the price of some smart phones.Most people can afford it.This invention is going to change the life of the blind.
Kursat well understands the difficulties that the blind face.That is because he is blind himself.He decided to use his knowledge of technology to invent something.It would not only change his life，but also the life of many others.
"These days，we are talking about flying cars.But the blind have been using just a simple stick.As a blind person，when I am at a bus stop，I don't know which bus is coming or which stores are around me.Now that kind of information can be provided by WeWalk，" he said， "I believe the life of the blind will be much easier and safer."
（1）WeWalk was invented to 　 　 .
A.help the blind
B.change the environment
C.make Kursat rich
D.improve everything
（2）Which of the following is Kursat's idea？ 　 　
A.WeWalk can solve all the problems for the blind.
B.The blind shouldn't take the bus because it is unsafe.
C.WeWalk makes it safer and easier for the blind to travel.
D.Flying cars are more useful than WeWalk.
（3）Why can Kursat understand the blind's difficulties？ 　 　
A.Because he has knowledge.
B.Because he invents WeWalk.
C.Because he is blind，too.
D.Because he treats the blind with kindness.
（4）Which of the following can best describe Kursat？ 　 　
A.Rich and humorous.
B.Creative and caring.
C.Smart and thankful.
D.Honest and brave.
二．短文还原（共2小题）
12．（2024秋 榆社县期末）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
When we get old，we may forget many things from the past. （1）　 　 .
Sarah Sauve，a music scientist at the University of Lincoln in the UK，did a study on this.She invited 121 people to take part in it.They were between 18 and 86 years old.Sarah first asked them to listen to three musical clips（片段）.（2）　 　 They needed to make a note whenever they heard the same clips at the concert.
To her surprise，the older people were just as good at remembering the clips as the younger ones were."（3）　 　 When we listen to music，the amygdala（杏仁体） in our brain"lights up'.This makes our brain think of music as something important.Other parts of the brain also work to keep this 'important' information.So our memory of the music can last for a long time，"Sarah says.（4）　 　 Doctors may use this to treat illnesses that hurt people's memory.Music may help these people remember things.
（5）　 　 As we all know，music has the power to make us excited or relaxed.Experts believe music can make people，even babies，more creative，smarter and happier.Some experts suggest playing slow music to help us pay attention when we study.It's said music can also improve listening skills and language abilities.
A.In her eyes，the result is useful. B Then，she told them to go to a concert. C.But music will probably stay with us forever. D.We often remember better when we are young. E.Besides this，music can help people in other ways. F.This shows our musical memory doesn't change as we grow old.
13．（2024秋 南昌期末） Music is an important part of our lives.We meet music almost everywhere，from car rides and homes，to workouts （锻炼） in the gym，or even the movies and TV shows we watch.Most people enjoy listening to music and often state that they can't live without it.But why is that？（1）　 　
It improves sleep quality.（2）　 　 Low and soft music works just as well as sleeping medicine.Research has found that listening to music at different times develops better sleep patterns for people and even creates more better sleep.
（3）　 　 Have you ever wondered why there is always music playing in the gym or why people can't go on runs without their headphones？Simply put，music serves as the interest for working out harder.It's also shown that listening to music can increase endurance （耐力）.
It cuts down stress and anxiety.Are you ever worried or anxious about something and don't know what to do？ （4）　 　 It has good effects especially when they experience highly stressful or painful events.
It may help with memory.When studying or doing the homework，do you ever find yourself moving your head along with some music？Research shows that music enjoyment helps with learning and memory.
It improves your mood （情绪）. （5）　 　 Studies show that music helps put people in a better mood and helps them keep in touch with their feelings.
Whether you've realized it or not，listening to your favorite songs provides your mind and body with much more than the enjoyment of the songs.So keep on listening!
A.It helps with exercising.
B.Music is a necessary part of human life.
C.Listening to music can calm people down.
D.If you're feeling down，music may be the perfect treatment.
E.It brings general pleasure to our lives in several different fields.
F.It provides several advantages of health that many pay no attention to.
G.Listening to music has been shown to treat certain sleeplessness，especially for college students.
三．任务型阅读（共2小题）
14．（2024秋 祁县期末） Some people find that when the temperature goes down，so do their spirits.Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason.This is the winter blues（忧郁）.Here are some ways for you to beat the winter blues.
A.Ask for Help B.Reduce Stress C.Eat Healthy Food D.Get Out in the Sun E.Do Some Exercise
（1）　 　
Some experts say that winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in the winter than we do in other seasons.Getting more sunlight each day can help you feel better.
（2）　 　
Taking a walk or doing some exercise will make chemicals called endorphins（内啡肽） in your body.Endorphins are natural"feel good"chemicals.
（3）　 　
Avoid having too much sugar.If you prefer sweet food，like cookies or candy，it may be a sign that you need more protein，like meat，chicken or fish.
（4）　 　
Cut back if you have too many things to do.Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself.Get some rest.Don't be so busy that you get run﹣down.
（5）　 　
If you feel sad all the time and the feeling won't go away，you may have a bigger problem than the winter blues.Talk to a friend you trust，or get help from a doctor.
15．（2024秋 青白江区期末） Do you enjoy traveling around？If you want to travel from New York to Beijing，the flight（航班） will take you more than 13 hours.Luckily enough，in the future，the journey might take only two hours.
At present，a company（公司） is developing something called ET3，which stands for the "Evacuated Tube Transport（真空管运输） Technology".How does it work？The tube is only a few meters wide and capsules（密闭舱） move through it.Each capsule can hold up to six people.For international travel，the capsules can reach speeds of about 6，500 kilometers per hour.
Then you might wonder， "How is it possible for these capsules to travel at such high speeds？" Because there isn't any air inside the tube.Moreover，each capsule weighs only 183 kilograms.
There are also other good sides of ET3.Since it runs on electricity，it is quite clean.Besides，it is much quieter than airplanes or cars.Lastly，the ET3 system，including the tube and capsules，doesn't require a large number of building materials.
Of course，the ET3 system still has a really long way to go.On the one hand，people have to spend too much money building and operating（运行） it.On the other hand，great technological improvements are still required to make sure of the normal operation of ET3.
（1）　 　
（2）　 　
（3）　 　
（4）　 　
（5）　 　
期末培优 语篇—科普知识
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共11小题）
1．（2024秋 平定县期末） There are many unsolved mysteries in life even though science，technology，and research have come a very long way.Let's enjoy the following unsolved mysteries.
The Bermuda Triangle（百慕大三角区） The Bermuda Triangle is a loosely﹣defined（宽松定义的）area.It's in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean.It's one of the most mysterious places in the world.It's said that a number of planes and ships have disappeared mysteriously.Pilots say their instruments can't work there.With explanations from gas bubbles（气泡） to aliens，no one knows what is behind the strange thing.
The Loch Ness Monster （尼斯湖水怪） The Loch Ness is in the northern of Scotland.For ages，people have been hearing about the Loch Ness Monster.Over the years photos and videos of actual footprints have been checked and watched over and over again to find out if it could be a sea snake or a dinosaur（恐龙）.Even today，it may still exist and swim under the waters.
The Nazca Lines（纳斯卡线条） The Nazca Lines are located in southern Peru and cover about 170 square miles，There are numbers of things from the natural world to the human imagination such as spiders，monkeys，sharks，flowers and so on.But the exact meanings of many geoglyphs（地画） remain unknown.
（1）Where is the Bermuda Triangle？ 　A　
A.It's in the western of the North Atlantic Ocean.
B.It's in the northern of Scotland.
C.It's in the southern of Peru.
（2）Why do people check the photos and videos of the Loch Ness Monster again and again？ 　B　
A.Because they find out it is a dinosaur.
B.Because they want to know what it is actually.
C.Because the monster is very strong and beautiful.
（3）How many square miles do The Nazca Lines have？ 　B　
A.About 150 square miles.
B.About 170 square miles.
C.About 200 square miles.
（4）What can we know about the Nazca Lines？ 　C　
A.Ships always get lost there.
B.A large number of aliens used to live there.
C.No one knows the true meanings of many geoglyphs.
（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　C　
A.People have found a reasonable（合理的） explanation of the lost ships.
B.The Loch Ness Monster must be a special sea snake.
C.The Nazca Lines include pictures of some animals.
【考点】科普知识；说明文．
【答案】ABBCC
【分析】本文主要介绍了三个未解之谜，分别是百慕大三角区、尼斯湖水怪和纳斯卡线条，讲述了它们的地理位置、相关神秘现象以及目前人们对其的认知情况。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格"The Bermuda Triangle is a loosely ﹣ defined（宽松定义的）area.It's in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean."（百慕大三角是一个定义宽松的区域。它位于北大西洋西部。）可知百慕大三角位于北大西洋西部，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二个表格"Over the years photos and videos of actual footprints have been checked and watched over and over again to find out if it could be a sea snake or a dinosaur（恐龙）."（多年来，实际脚印的照片和视频被反复查看和观察，以确定它是否可能是海蛇或恐龙。）可知人们反复查看尼斯湖水怪的照片和视频是因为他们想知道它到底是什么，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三个表格"The Nazca Lines are located in southern Peru and cover about 170 square miles"（纳斯卡线条位于秘鲁南部，面积约170平方英里）可知纳斯卡线条面积约170平方英里，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三个表格"But the exact meanings of many geoglyphs（地画） remain unknown."（但是许多地画的确切含义仍然未知。）可知没人知道许多地画的真正含义，故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据第三个表格"There are numbers of things from the natural world to the human imagination such as spiders，monkeys，sharks，flowers and so on."（从自然界到人类的想象，有蜘蛛、猴子、鲨鱼、花朵等许多东西。）可知纳斯卡线条包括一些动物的图案，C选项正确。故选C。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
2．（2024秋 石家庄期末） Look at this robot in the picture.What do you think it is for？
Scientists in China have developed the special robot to help visually impaired people （视障人士）.It has six legs and can act as a "guide dog" for people who can't see.
In China，there are over 17 million visually impaired people，but there are only about 400 real guide dogs to help them.It is very hard and expensive to train guide dogs，so most visually impaired people don't have one.
The new robot can help solve the problem.It can do many things.For example，it can know what the person is saying and act quickly；it can avoid obstacles （障碍物） and find the right way to go.What's more，the robot can be used as a helper in the home and call for help if needed.
To make the robot work well，the scientists gave it many senses （感觉）.It can see，hear，speak and feel.In this way，the robot can know what the person wants to do and work together with him.The robot's six legs also make it more stable （稳定的） than other robot with just four legs.
Li Fei，a visually impaired woman，tried out the robot during a test.She said that when guided her，she could walk straighter than she did on her own.The developers have already got orders for 20 of the robots.Soon they could help many visually impaired people in China.
（1）How many legs does the robot have？ 　D　
A.3.
B.4.
C.5.
D.6.
（2）Why don't some visually impaired people buy real guide dogs？ 　B　
A.Because there aren't guide dogs in China.
B.Because guide dogs are too expensive.
C.Because training guide dogs is too boring.
D.Because visually impaired people don't work.
（3）What can we know about the robot？ 　D　
A.It can cook for visually impaired people.
B.It can't avoid obstacles in time.
C.It can't talk with visually impaired people.
D.It can understand what the person is saying.
（4）What does the underlined word "developers" mean in Paragraph 6？ 　A　
A .Inventors.
B.Speakers.
C.Pioneers.
D.Postmen.
（5）What is the best title for the text？ 　B　
A.A Club to Help Disabled People
B.A Robot for Visually Impaired People
C.An Idea to Improve Your Life
D.A Problem to Be Solved Easily
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】DBDAB
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国科学家开发了一种特殊的机器人来帮助视障人士。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"It has six legs"（有六条腿）可知，机器人有六条腿，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"It is very hard and expensive to train guide dogs，so most visually impaired people don't have one."（训练导盲犬的成本非常高昂且十分艰巨，因此大多数视力受损者都没有导盲犬相伴。）可知，训练导盲犬既困难又昂贵，所以大多数视障人士都没有导盲犬。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段"it can know what the person is saying and act quickly"（它能够了解说话者在说什么，并迅速做出反应）可知，它可以知道人在说什么，并迅速采取行动。故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一段"The developers have already got orders for 20 of the robots."（......已经接到了 20 台这种机器人的订单。）可知，……已经收到了20台这种机器人的订单，由此推知，应该是机器人开发者，故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了中国科学家开发了一种特殊的机器人来帮助视障人士，选项B"为视障人士设计的机器人"符合主题，故选B。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
3．（2024秋 南昌期末） If you are reading this now，it is because these words are printed on this page.Could this happen 2，000 years ago？Well，you could have read some words but the words weren't printed by a machine on paper.Let's get close to movable﹣type printing.
Inventor： Bi Sheng
Appearing Time： Around 1，000 years ago
Material： Clay
How to work： Make the clay into small squares （方块）. Carve （刻） single character on them. Burn them hard with fire，then paint ink. Move freely to form different vocabularies or sentences. Lay down a piece of paper，and a printed sheet was created.
Now，we send emails，texts and photos to each other.We can download books，read on phones and computers.Ideas and knowledge are spreading faster than any other time in history and the screen is replacing （代替） the page for many people，but there is still no denying （否认） the value of movable type.
（1）Choose the picture that shows movable﹣type printing. 　C　
A.
B.
C.
D.
（2）What do we need if we want to make small squares？ 　A　
A.Clay.
B.Paper.
C.Words.
D.Ink.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form above？ 　C　
A.Movable type printing has no value any longer.
B.The screen has completely replaced the paper page.
C.We can get knowledge in many ways not just on page.
D.Words were printed by a machine on paper 2，000 years ago.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】CAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国古代伟大的发明——活字印刷术。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据表格最后一栏"Make the clay into small squares.Carve single character on them.Burn them hard with fire，then paint ink.Move freely to form different vocabularies or sentences.Lay down a piece of paper，a printed sheet was created."（将陶泥做成小方块。在上面雕刻单个字符。用火把它们烧硬，然后涂墨水。自由移动以形成不同的词汇或句子。放下一张纸，打印出一张纸。）可知活字印刷是把陶泥制成小方块，在其上刻单个的字，然后用火烧硬，所以判断选项C中的图片符合描述，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏"Make the clay into small squares"（将陶泥做成小方块）可知制作成小方块需要陶泥，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"We can download books，read on phones and computers.Ideas and knowledge are spreading faster than at any other time in history and the screen is replacing the page for many people"（我们可以下载书籍，在手机和电脑上阅读。思想和知识的传播速度比历史上任何时候都快，屏幕正在取代许多人的页面）可知现在我们可以通过手机，电脑等多种方式获得知识，故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．（2024秋 阳西县期末） Some days，don't you think，"Wouldn't it be nice if the laundry（洗衣） would just do itself？" Self﹣cleaning clothes may sound crazy.But Australian researchers have found a way to make something like this possible!
A team at RMIT University in Australia found a way to put special nanostructures（纳米结构材料） into clothing.They can help clean the clothes.When sunlight hits the nanostructures，they break down the dirty things on your clothes.
The nanostructures don't break down the actual clothing because cotton and the other clothing materials are too strong to be broken down.The researchers cover the clothing in a solution（溶液） made of silver and copper（铜） nanostructures.All it takes is 40 minutes of sunlight and your clothes will look as good as new.So if you want to wash clothes after eating hotpot，you can step outside for a walk，and it will be clean by the time you go inside.It not only makes your life easier，but it can also be good for the environment.A laundry uses about 25 gallons of water.Water is very important，so using less of it to wash clothes is better for the environment.
But one of the scientists at RMIT University knows more needs to be done."There's more work to do before we can start throwing out our washing machines，"said Dr.Rajesh
Ramanathan，"but this is a strong foundation（基础）."
（1）What is the underlined word"They"in paragraph 2 about？ 　A　
A.Special nanostructures.
B.Washing machines.
C.Universities.
D.Researchers.
（2）Why can the clothing with the nanostructures get clean？ 　D　
A.Because there is cotton in the clothing.
B.Because the sunlight can break down the nanostructures.
C.Because silver and copper can get the dirty things off the clothing.
D.Because the nanostructures can break down the dirty things when sunlight hits them.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about？ 　C　
A.How to make self﹣cleaning clothes.
B.How the self﹣cleaning clothes work.
C.Advantages of the self﹣cleaning clothes.
D.Prices of making self﹣cleaning clothes.
（4）We can learn from the passage that 　B　 .
A.the self﹣cleaning clothes can get clean in just a few seconds
B.self﹣cleaning clothes help protect the environment
C.we can buy self﹣cleaning clothes on the market now
D.it's time to throw out our washing machines
（5）Which can be the best title for this passage？ 　A　
A.Cleaning Clothes Gets Easier
B.Difficulties in Clothes Cleaning
C.Steps to Clean Your Clothes
D.Washing Clothes by Yourself
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】ADCBA
【分析】短文讲了澳大利亚研究人员发现一种让衣物自清洁的方法，通过在衣物中加入特殊纳米结构，在阳光下能分解污渍。这种技术不会损坏衣物，只需40分钟阳光照射即可使衣物焕然一新，既方便生活又环保，但距离完全取代洗衣机还需更多研究。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据前文 "A team at RMIT University in Australia found a way to put special nanostructures（纳米结构材料） into clothing.They can help clean the clothes." （澳大利亚皇家墨尔本理工大学的一个研究小组发现了一种将特殊纳米结构放入衣服的方法。他们可以帮忙洗衣服。）可知，这里的 "They" 指代的是前面提到的 "Special nanostructures"（特殊的纳米结构材料）。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段"When sunlight hits the nanostructures，they break down the dirty things on your clothes." （当阳光照射到纳米结构上时，它们会分解衣服上的脏东西。）可知，当阳光照射到纳米结构材料时，它们会分解衣服上的脏东西，所以带有纳米结构的衣服能变干净。故选D。
（3）段落大意题。根据第四段 "So if you want to wash clothes after eating hot ﹣ pot，you can step outside for a walk，and it will be clean by the time you go inside.It not only makes your life easier，but it can also be good for the environment."（所以，如果你吃完火锅后想洗衣服，你可以到外面走走，等你进去的时候，衣服就干净了。它不仅使你的生活更轻松，而且对环境也有好处。）可知第四段主要讲了自清洁衣服使用方便，对环境也有益，这是自清洁衣服的优点。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段"It not only makes your life easier，but it can also be good for the environment." （它不仅使你的生活更轻松，而且对环境也有好处。）可知，自清洁衣服有助于保护环境。故选B。
（5）标题归纳题。根据第一段Some days，don't you think，"Wouldn't it be nice if the laundry（洗衣） would just do itself？" Self﹣cleaning clothes may sound crazy.But Australian researchers have found a way to make something like this possible!（有时候，你不觉得，"如果衣服能自己洗好不是很好吗？"自动清洁的衣服可能听起来很疯狂。但澳大利亚的研究人员已经找到了一种方法，让这种事情成为可能！）可知文章主要介绍了澳大利亚研究人员发现了一种让衣服自清洁的方法，使得清洁衣服变得更容易了，A选项 "Cleaning Clothes Gets Easier" 符合文章主旨。故选A。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
5．（2024秋 武昌区期末） Believe it or not，we know more about space than we do about the deep ocean.Since 1969，a total of 12 people have walked on the moon，but only three have dived （潜水） to the Mariana Trench's deepest point.As we all know，it's very challenging to explore Qomolangma，the Sahara Desert，and the Amazon Rainforest.However，the Mariana Trench's conditions and depth of about 11，000 meters make it the most difficult to explore.Even more shocking﹣Although the ocean covers about 71% of the Earth's surface，95% of it is unexplored.
Historically，people explored the ocean just to find ways to travel around the world or to start new trades.Also，to early people，the ocean was a scary place，full of dangerous creatures.They thought that，the deep ocean was dark and lifeless.Furthermore，cold temperatures and huge water pressure prevented ocean exploration，too.Diving into the Mariana Trench，for example，would make you feel like having 50 jumbo jets （巨型喷气式飞机） pressing down on you.
However，the ocean influences everyone in lots of things，from the air we breathe，the food we eat，transportation，medicine，to weather and climate.And the deep ocean holds a huge amount of oil，gas and so on.Therefore，ocean exploration has always been a big dream of humans in modern times.
In recent years，thanks to new technology like improved submarines （潜艇），robots and cameras，humans have been able to explore the deeper sea.On November 17th，2024，China made a huge breakthrough in deep﹣sea exploration with its "Mengxiang" ship.With the world's top drilling system （钻探系统），this amazing ship can reach up to 11，000 meters below the sea surface，allowing scientists to study and learn more about the earth.
The "Mengxiang" ship is the pride of our nation，pushing the limits of what we know and can achieve.Let's see how much further China can go in ocean exploration in the future!
（1）Which picture may best show the Mariana Trench？ 　B　
A.
B.
C.
D.
（2）What BIG question does Paragraph 2 focus on？ 　D　
A.What does a jumbo jet look like？
B.When did ocean exploration begin？
C.How is space different from the ocean？
D.Why is so much of the ocean unexplored？
（3）The ocean is important because 　C　 .
A.it brings humans a lot of challenges
B.it provides humans with necessary things
C.it influences every field in our daily life
D.it covers a quarter of the Earth's surface
（4）According to the passage，the "Mengxiang" ship 　C　 .
a.makes the whole world proud
b.carries the Chinese dream
c.can explore outer space
d.shows China's great power
A.a，c
B.b，c
C.b，d
D.a，d
（5）What's the writer's attitude （态度） towards today's ocean exploration？ 　A　
A.Hopeful.
B.Doubtful.
C.Worried.
D.Uncertain.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】BDCCA
【分析】本文主要讲述了人类对深海的了解很少，并解释了原因，文章也提到了中国为探索深海做出的努力。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段"However，the Mariana Trench's conditions and depth of about 11，000 meters make it the most difficult to explore，"（然而，马里亚纳海沟的条件和约11000米的深度使其成为最难勘探的地区）可知，图B最接近马里亚纳海沟，反映其狭长且深的特点。故选B。
（2）主旨大意题。根据第二段"Also，to early people，the ocean was a scary place，full of dangerous creatures.They thought that，the deep ocean was dark and lifeless.Furthermore，cold temperatures and huge water pressure prevented ocean exploration，too，"（此外，对于习惯性的人来说，海洋是一个可怕的地方，到处都是危险的生物。他们认为，深海是黑暗的，没有生命的。此外，低温和巨大的水压也阻碍了海洋探索。"）可知，第二段主要解释了为什么海洋大部分未被探索的原因。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段"However，the ocean influences everyone in lots of things，"（然而，海洋在很多方面影响着每个人）可知，海洋在很多方面影响着每个人，所以很重要。故选C，
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段"With the world's top drilling system（钻探系统），this amazing ship can reach up to 11，000 meters below the sea surface，allowing scientists to study and learn more about the earth. "（凭借世界顶级钻井系统，这艘神奇的飞船可以到达海面以下11000米，让科学家们能够研究和了解更多关于地球的信息。）以及最后一段"The 'Mengxiang' ship is the pride of our nation，pushing the limits of what we know and can achieve."（"梦想"号是我们民族的骄傲，它突破了我们所知和所能达到的极限。）可知，"梦想"号代表中国的深海探索能力，承载了中国的梦想和展现了其强大力量。故选C。
（5）观点态度题。根据最后一段"The 'Mengxiang' ship is the pride of our nation，pushing the limits of what we know and can achieve.Let's see how much further China can go in ocean exploration in the future!"（"梦翔"号是我们民族的骄傲，它突破了我们所知和所能达到的极限。让我们看看中国未来在海洋探索方面能走多远！）可知，作者对现代海洋探索持有积极乐观的态度。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．（2024秋 武汉期末）
Show the power of friction Interleave（交错的）the page of two piles of sticky notes，say 40 interleaved pages，and they will produce opposite force which is called friction.How much can the friction produced by the interleaved pages support？Actually，it can support up to 60 pounds!That's amazing，right？This shows that friction can create a very strong power.
Boil water in a paper cup Put water in a paper cup and place it over a candle.The water will boil!During boiling，the temperature of the water remains at around 100°C because the energy taken in by the water is used to change its state rather than increase its temperature.It means that while the water is boiling，it stops the paper cup from reaching its burning point.So the paper cup does not burn as long as there is enough water to take in the heat.
_______________ Keep water from falling out of an overturned glass.A card can be stuck to a glass and keep the water in it，as if by magic!Air pressure forces the card upward，against the glass.The pressure is strong enough to stop the weight of the water pushing the card away.
（1）In which section of the website can we read the texts？ 　D　
A.Future World.
B.Art Desk.
C.Culture Link.
D.Science Center.
（2）"Friction"can be explained as the force that 　C　 .
A.pushes something to go
B.makes something fall down
C.stops something from moving
D.holds the weight of something
（3）According to text 2，the paper cup isn't burnt because 　A　 .
A.water takes in the beat
B.water reaches 100°C first
C.it's far from the candle
D.it's made of special paper
（4）What is the best title for text 3？ 　D　
A.Press the glass by hand
B.Close the glass with air
C.Overturn the glass by magic
D.Keep water in with a card
（5）The purpose of the texts above is to 　A　 .
A.explain some interesting facts
B.tell us to pay attention to life
C.encourage us to discover things actively
D.introduce some fun daily activities
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】DCADA
【分析】本文主要介绍了3个简单的科学实验。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了3个科学实验。由此推测，有可能在网站的科学中心版块读到此文。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据表格一中Interleave the page of two piles of sticky notes，say 40 interleaved pages，and they will produce opposite force which is called friction.（将两堆便签纸的页面交错，比如40张交错的页面，它们会产生相反的力，称为摩擦力。）可知给我们演示了摩擦现象，告诉我们摩擦力的强大。结合物理知识，摩擦力可以解释为阻止某物移动的一种力。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格二中So the paper cup does not burn as long as there is enough water to take in the heat.（因此，只要有足够的水吸收热量，纸杯就不会燃烧。）可知，只要有足够的水吸收热量，纸杯就不会燃烧。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据表格三中Keep water from falling out of an overturned glass.A card can be stuck to a glass and keep the water in it，as if by magic!Air pressure forces the card upward，against the glass.The pressure is strong enough to stop the weight of the water pushing the card away.（防止水从翻倒的玻璃杯里掉出来。一张卡片可以粘在玻璃杯上，把水放在里面，就像施了魔法一样！气压迫使卡片向上，紧贴玻璃。压力足够大，可以阻止水的重量将卡片推开。）并结合图片可知给我们讲的是用卡片和倒置的玻璃杯演示了气压可以阻止水流出来。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。阅读全文可知，文章介绍了3个有趣的实验。由此推测，文章旨在用一些实验现象解释一些有趣的事实。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
7．（2024秋 武汉期末） When you finally finish your work and get to relax，what do you do？Do you lie on your bed a run your finger through your phone？Many people find that this kind of entertainment only bring boredom and emptiness.
Different from what many people may think，play isn't just wasting time.Having the ability to and relax meaningfully during your leisure time is important."Leisure doesn't improve the quality life unless you know how to make good use of it."James Wallman，the writer of Time and Ho Spend It explains that some experiences are"junk experiences"while others are like"superfoods also points out that "superfood"activities help you live in the present and achieve a higher leisure quotient（LQ，玩商）.
LQ is an index（指数）used to describe one's ability to relax and play.A high LQ usually means that a person hos good control over his life，and knows how to keep a balanced lifestyle that makes him healthier and happier，according to China Daily.
Research shows that people with high LQ scores feel happier and generally avoid being down and other mental illnesses.At the same time，another famous scientist also points out that those who can play will succeed.
Instead of doing passive activities like watching short videos，people with high LQ scores choose active activities that suit their interests，giving them continuous positive reflections.According to Wallman，examples of this positive reflection include：an unforgettable story you can share with others，a new skill，a different world view，improved relationships and so on.
（1）The underlined word"it"in paragraph 2 refers to 　B　 .
A.life
B.leisure
C.the phone
D.the book
（2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？ 　B　
A.When is the best time to play？
B.Why should we use leisure time properly？
C.What are"superfood"activities？
D.How can we live in the present meaningfully？
（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　B　
（SH＝sense of happiness）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（4）According to the passage，who probably has the lowest LQ score？ 　C　
A.Susan who is leaning how to cook.
B.Susan who plays soccer after school.
C.Tony who keeps everything to himself.
D.Tom who often shares his trip experiences.
（5）After the last paragraph，the writer will probably 　A　 .
A.encourage us to improve LQ
B.share some people's LQ scores
C.write about some passive activities
D.tell us the importance of"superfoods"
【考点】新闻报道；科普知识．
【答案】BBBCA
【分析】本文主要探讨了休闲时间的利用以及对生活质量的影响，引入了"玩商LQ"的概念，并强调了有意义地玩耍和放松的重要性。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段"Leisure doesn't improve the quality life unless you know how to make good use of it."（闲暇不能提高生活质量，除非你知道如何好好利用它。）可知，it在这里指的是前边提到的"leisure"。故选B。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Different from what many people may think，play isn't just wasting time.Having the ability to and relax meaningfully during your leisure time is important."Leisure doesn't improve the quality life unless you know how to make good use of it."James Wallman，the writer of Time and Ho Spend It explains that some experiences are"junk experiences"while others are like"superfoods also points out that "superfood"activities help you live in the present and achieve a higher leisure quotient（LQ，玩商）.（与许多人的想法不同，玩耍不仅仅是浪费时间。在你的闲暇时间有能力和有意义的放松是很重要的。"休闲不能提高生活质量，除非你知道如何好好利用它。"《时间与浪费》一书的作者詹姆斯 沃尔曼解释说，有些经历是"垃圾经历"，而另一些则像"超级食物"。他还指出，"超级食物"活动能帮助你活在当下，获得更高的休闲商（LQ）。）第二段主要讲述了为什么应该合理利用闲暇时间。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段" Research shows that people with high LQ scores feel happier and generally avoid being down and other mental illnesses."（研究表明，高智商的人感觉更快乐，通常避免情绪低落和其他精神疾病。）可知，LQ分数越高越幸福。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"According to Wallman，examples of this positive reflections include：an unforgettable story you can share with others，a new skill，a different world view，improved relationships and so on."（根据沃尔曼的说法，这种积极反思的例子包括：一个你可以与他人分享的难忘的故事，一项新技能，一种不同的世界观，改善的关系等等。）可知，LQ分数高的人会做的事情有：可以与他人分享的难忘故事、新技能、不同的世界观、改善的人际关系等等，因此可以推测，把一切都留给自己的人情商最低。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。最后一段Instead of doing passive activities like watching short videos，people with high LQ scores choose active activities that suit their interests，giving them continuous positive reflections.According to Wallman，examples of this positive reflection include：an unforgettable story you can share with others，a new skill，a different world view，improved relationships and so on.（高智商的人不做被动的活动，比如看短视频，他们会选择适合自己兴趣的积极活动，让他们不断地积极思考。根据沃尔曼的说法，这种积极反思的例子包括：一个你可以与他人分享的难忘的故事，一项新技能，一种不同的世界观，改善的关系等等。）主要讲述了高LQ分数的人会选择符合自己兴趣的积极活动，从而获得持续的正面反馈，因此是在鼓励我们提高LQ。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．（2024秋 江夏区期末）
_________ Recently，US scientists created the first"protocells"（原始细胞）on Earth about 3，800 million years ago.At first，the protocells only merged （融合） with each other，so evolution （进化） couldn't take place.However，when the scientists added water like the rain on Earth 4 billion years ago，a"wall"formed around each protocell，keeping them separated and causing evolution to happen.
Mosquitoes"seeing"humans Scientists recently tested how well mosquitoes（蚊子） could feel heat，odor（气体） and CO2.The results showed that though mosquitoes depend on all these to find hosts，they are more interested in heat that matches the temperature of human.Wearing big clothes can help us"hide"our body heat and prevent mosquitoes from harming us.
Venom treating a disease One of the most deadly marine snails（海螺） can give off a kind of venom （毒液）.It can make their"food"still in seconds.However，scientists recently discovered something in the venom that may help save lives.When separated from the venom，it can control blood sugar.The scientists think it may be able to help treat a disease that about 422 million people suffer from around the world.
（1）In which SECTION of the website can we read the news？ 　C　
A.HEALTH
B.ENVIRONMENT
C.SCIENCE
D.ANIMAL
（2）The best heading for the first piece of news would be 　B　 .
A.Life starting with rain
B.Scientists creating the first life
C.Scientists separating protocells
D.Life being separated from protocells
（3）Mosquitoes could"see"humans most probably by 　A　 .
A.feeling body heat
B.feeling odor
C.feeling CO2
D.feeling clothes
（4）According to the third piece of news，we can infer that 　D　 .
A.venom is the most useful to human beings
B.venom can help marine snails make food
C.venom can control blood sugar without being dealt with
D.many people suffer from blood sugar problem around the world
（5）What do the three pieces of news have in common？ 　B　
A.They help people live a healthy life.
B.They show some latest research results.
C.They show us how to protect ourselves.
D.They show how hard﹣working scientists are.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】CBADB
【分析】文章介绍了一些最新的研究成果。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据表格一Recently，US scientists created the first"protocells"（原始细胞）on Earth about 3，800 million years ago.（最近，美国科学家在地球上创造了大约38亿年前的第一个"原始细胞"。）和通读全文，可知出自科学版块，故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据表格一However，when the scientists added water like the rain on Earth4 billion years ago，a"wall"formed around each protocell，keeping them separated and causing evolution to happen.（最然而，当科学家们在40亿年前像地球上的雨水一样加入水时，每个原始细胞周围形成了一堵"墙"，使它们分开，并导致进化发生。）可知科学家创造了第一个生命符合语境，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格二The results showed that though mosquitoes depend on all these to find hosts，they are more interested in heat that matches the temperature of human.Wearing big clothes can help us"hide"our body heat and prevent mosquitoes from harming us.（结果表明，尽管蚊子依赖所有这些来寻找宿主，但它们对与人类温度相匹配的热量更感兴趣。穿大衣服可以帮助我们"隐藏"体温，防止蚊子伤害我们。）可知蚊子很可能通过感觉体温来"看到"人类，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据表格三The scientists think it may be able to help treat a disease that about 422 million people suffer from around the world.（科学家们认为，它可能有助于治疗全球约4.22亿人患有的一种疾病。）可知世界上许多人都患有血糖问题，故选D。
（5）主旨大意题。根据表格一However，when the scientists added water like the rain on Earth4 billion years ago，a"wall"formed around each protocell，keeping them separated and causing evolution to happen.（最然而，当科学家们在40亿年前像地球上的雨水一样加入水时，每个原始细胞周围形成了一堵"墙"，使它们分开，并导致进化发生。）和表格二The results showed that though mosquitoes depend on all these to find hosts，they are more interested in heat that matches the temperature of human.Wearing big clothes can help us"hide"our body heat and prevent mosquitoes from harming us.（结果表明，尽管蚊子依赖所有这些来寻找宿主，但它们对与人类温度相匹配的热量更感兴趣。穿大衣服可以帮助我们"隐藏"体温，防止蚊子伤害我们。）和表格三One of the most deadly marine snails（海螺） can give off a kind of venom （毒液）.It can make their"food"still in seconds.However，scientists recently discovered something in the venom that may help save lives.When separated from the venom，it can control blood sugar.The scientists think it may be able to help treat a disease that about 422 million people suffer from around the world.（一种最致命的海螺可以释放出一种毒液，它可以在几秒钟内使它们的"食物"静止。然而，科学家最近在毒液中发现了一些可能有助于拯救生命的东西。当与毒液分离后，它可以控制血糖。科学家们认为，它可能有助于治疗全球约4.22亿人患有的一种疾病。）可知他们展示了一些最新的研究成果，故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．（2024秋 青白江区期末） Do you know China's "four great new inventions"？Let's have a look at them together.
China has built the world's largest high speed railway network.The train can run at speeds of 250﹣350 km/h. It's China's leading mobile and online payment service.Since 2004，buyers have been able to use their smartphones to pay by scanning payment codes on the phone.
With around 1 billion Internet users，China has been the world's largest and fast﹣growing e﹣commerce market.People buy what they want online without going outside. Nowadays，in China，shared bikes allow users to pick up or park a bike almost everywhere.To unlock a shared bike，you need to scan the QR code（二维码） on it.After finishing riding，you can lock the bike and pay for your ride through mobile payment.
根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂 "A"，错误的涂 "B"。
（1）China's high ﹣ speed trains can run 250 kilometers per hour at most. 　B　
（2）Online payment service has a history of about twenty years. 　A　
（3）China has the largest number of Internet users in the world. 　A　
（4）Shared bikes allow users to go almost everywhere for free. 　B　
（5）All these inventions have one thing in common：they make our life convenient. 　A　
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】BAABA
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国"新四大发明" （高速铁路、在线支付、电子商务、共享单车） 及其特点和给生活带来的便利。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据"The train can run at speeds of 250﹣350km/h"（这列火车能以每小时250﹣350公里的速度行驶。）可知，中国高铁时速在250﹣350公里每小时，并非最多250公里每小时。故填B。
（2）细节判断题。根据"since 2004…"（自从2004年......）可知，中国的网上支付到目前为止，已经有大约20年历史了。故填A。
（3）细节判断题。根据"With around 1 billion Internet users，China has been the world's largest and fast﹣growing e﹣commerce market."（中国拥有约10亿互联网用户，是世界上最大且增长迅速的电子商务市场。）可知，中国有大约 10 亿互联网用户，是世界上最大且增长最快的电子商务市场，可推断出中国拥有世界上数量最多的互联网用户。故填A。
（4）细节判断题。根据"After finishing riding，you can lock the bike and pay for your ride through mobile payment."（骑完之后，你可以锁定自行车，通过移动支付支付骑行费用。）可知，使用共享单车后需要通过移动支付付费，并非免费。故填B。
（5）细节判断题。通读全文并结合常识可知，高速铁路让出行更快，在线支付方便购物付款，共享单车便于出行，这些