初中语法复习之时态复习课件(共83张PPT)

(共83张PPT)
英语八大时态复习
一般现在时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
Challenge: mark the tenses on the timeline.
时/态 现在 过去 将来
一般 一般现在 一般过去 一般将来
进行 现在进行 过去进行 将来进行
完成 现在完成 过去完成 将来完成
过去
现在
将来
一般
进行
完成
过去
现在
将来
过去的过去
Meanings of the tenses
1.什么是动词时态？
动作发生的时间和状态。
2.本课时主要复习其中八种时态：
一般现在时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时、一般过去时、将来完成时。
它们的基本构成分别是？
Check yourself : tell the tense.
Tense Examples
It doesn’t often rain in the summer here.
He visited China last April.
I’ll be back in half an hour.
He said that he would never forget that.
I have already finished my homework.
When I got to the cinema, the film had started.
Listen. What are they doing
What were they doing at this time last week
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
现在进行时
过去进行时
它们分别在什么情况下使用？
01
一般现在时
讨论：以下加粗部分为何使用一般现在时？
(1)I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
依据1：经常性或习惯性的动作
时态一 一般现在时
(3)The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Columbus proved that the earth is round.
哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
依据2：客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
(4)Pride goes before a fall.
骄者必败。
依据3：格言或警句。
小结 ：一般现在时
一、构成：___________________________________
二、基本用法：
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。
(2)表示客观事实或普遍真理。
(3)格言警句。
(4)时间标志词：___________________________________________
动词原形或动词的第三人称单数。
often，always，usually，sometimes，every day，
once a while，from time to time，nowadays
过去
现在
将来
主将从现：
when, if, as soon as,before, until，once, the moment
练习一：根据汉语提示完成句子
I often in my spare time.
业余时间我经常看书。
He a lot of English.
他懂很多英语。
The sun early and late in summer.
太阳在夏天升得早、落得晚。
We will not begin the discussion until he .
等他来了，我们再开始讨论。
read books
knows
rises
sets
arrives
02
现在进行时
（1）They are playing basketball now.
Listen! She is singing an English song.
依据：表示现在正在进行或发生的动作和存在的状态。
（2）He is writing a book these days.
依据：表示现阶段正在进行而此时不一定正在进行的动作。
（3）My uncle is coming back from abroad.
依据：表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
讨论：以下加粗部分为何使用现在进行时？
时态二 现在进行时
小结二 现在进行时
构成：______________
基本用法：
(1)表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。
①标志词__________________________________
now，at present，at this moment
look listen
these days
be＋现在分词。
过去
现在
将来
(2)现在进行时表示将来。短暂性动词go，come，start，leave，arrive，return等的现在进行表将来，表示_____________________的动作。
(3)与 等频度副词连用，
表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。
always，continually，constantly，forever
计划或安排将要发生
练习二：根据汉语提示完成句子
All the classmates the lessons in the classroom now.
所有的同学现在正在教室里复习功课。
Milla on a new book these days about stories in schools.
米拉最近在写一本新书，是关于校园故事的。
She of others instead of herself.
她总是想着别人而不是她自己。(赞扬)
are reviewing
is working
is always thinking
The boy such silly questions.
那个男孩老是问这种愚蠢的问题。(不耐烦)
Mr Smith for Nanjing tonight.
史密斯先生今晚要去南京。
I forgot that Mr Tanawa tomorrow morning.
我忘了Tanawa先生明天上午要过来。
is constantly asking
is leaving
is arriving
03
过去进行时
一、谓语动词形式：
二、时间状语：
三、用法：
一、表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。
at this time yesterday, at that moment,
from seven to nine last night...
was/were+doing
They were reading aloud when the teacher came in.
6:00 7:00 came in 8:00 Now 9:00
read
03 过去进行时
用单词的适当形式填空。
1. They ______________________ (watch) a basketball game from 9:00 to 11:00 last night.
2. —I called you at 3:00 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
—Sorry, I ___________________________ (swim) with my friends at that time.
学以致用
were watching
was swimming
二、固定结构（过去某一动作被打断）
Sb.+be+v.-ing+when/while+sb./sth.+did/be doing sth.
某人正在做某事这时(突然)
I was cooking when the telephone rang.
我正在做饭，这时电话突然响了。
请选出正确答案。
1. When she called me this morning, I __________ the book.
A. read B. was reading C. reads D. have read
2. He __________ his homework while his brother was watching TV.
A. is about to do B. were to do C. was doing D. would do
B
C
三、位移动词如come、go、begin、leave、arrive、take off等的过去进行时表示过去将来时。
例如：He told me that he was coming to China the next day.
他告诉我他第二天要来中国。
He said he ___________ for home in a day or two.
A. was leaving B. left
C. had left D. would leave
学以致用
A
时态同步练习
1. Look, the children __________(play) basketball on the playground.
2. He__________(listen) to the radio when I came in.
3.Hurry up, kids! The school bus____________(wait) for us.
4.I _____________(watch) TV from 7：00 pm. to 8:00 pm. yesterday.
5.She ____________(cook) at that time.
are playing
was listening
is waiting
was watching
was cooking
04
现在完成时
时态4 现在完成时
讨论：以下加粗部分为何使用现在完成时？
（1）You needn’t tell me what happened. I have heard from him already.
依据：动作发生在过去，强调对现在有影响。
（2）We have lived here since 1994.
自1994 年以来我们一直住在这里。
依据：动作发生在过去，续到现在m。
（3） It is the first time that I have come to Harvard University.
这是我第一次来哈佛大学。
依据： “It is the first time that ...”表示”截止到当前为止的第几次”，
从句谓语动词用现在完成时。
类似用法：That /It is the+形容词最高级+名词+that从句
小结四 现在完成时
(1)构成：____________________
(2)基本用法：
①表示动作发生在过去、持续到现在或对现在有影响
标志词：______________________________________________
have/has＋过去分词。
already，since，yet，never，lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，for+一段时间
during the last two weeks，so far，up to now，until now
过去
现在
将来
②在“It/This is the first/second/.../last time＋that从句”与
“It/This is the＋序数词或形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”
这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用 时。
This is the first time I have come to China.
这是我第一次来中国。
现在完成
练习四：
（1） He 　　　 　（work）for the organisation for four years.
（2） In the last few years，China 　　　　 （make）great achievements in environmental protection.
（3） He 　　　　（live）in London since 2010.
（4） It is the most instructive lecture that I 　 （attend）since I
came to this school.
（5） I’ll go to the party as soon as I 　　 　 （finish）my homework.
（6）This isn’t the first time that technology 　　　 　 （change）our manners.
has worked
has made
have finished
have attended
has lived
has changed
05
过去完成时
Definition
The past perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action took place _______ another action / point in the past.
now
past
future
过去完成时
The Definition of Past Perfect.
过去的过去
before
The basic structure and the marker of past perfect
1. You had studied English before you moved to New York.
2. You had not studied English before you moved to New York.
3. Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license.
4. By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words.
5. I had finished my homework by nine o’clock last night.
6. By the time I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
一、谓语动词形式：
had+done
三、用法：
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即：过去的过去。
二、时间状语
when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引导的时间状语从句
by+过去时间；by 9 o’clock；
by the end of …; by the time…
过去
现在
将来
过去的过去
05 过去完成时
6:00 7:00 Now
By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.
在我起床之前，我妹妹已经洗好了所有的衣服。
1. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
＝No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
2. He had hardly got into his big office when the telephone rang.
=Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang.
3. It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.
4. It was three years since he had joined the army.
5. It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.
6. It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.
The fixed sentence patterns of Past Perfect.
①. 在“________________________________”句型中，主句用___________，从句用______________。译为“一......就......”
1. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.
＝No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
2. He had hardly got into his big office when the telephone rang.
=Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang.
The fixed sentence patterns of Past Paerfect.
hardly...when/ no sooner...than/ scarcely...when
过去完成时
一般过去时
②. It ______＋一段时间＋___________(从句用过去完成时)
1. It was at least three months since I had left Beijing.
2. It was three years since he had joined the army.
Find the fixed sentence patterns of Past Perfect.
was
since从句
1. It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.
2. It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall.
Task 4 Find the fixed sentence patterns of Past Perfect.
③. It ____________________＋(that)从句 (从句用过去完成时)
was the first/second/...time
1. 她到家之前她的孩子已经睡着了。
When she got home her children _________ (sleep).
had slept
2. 在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。
Before they arrived here, the film _____ already _______ (start).
had
started
Last night, as soon as I ___________ (finish) my work, I went to sleep.
3. 昨晚，我完成作业了就去睡觉了。
had finished
与when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引导 时间状语的从句 连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。
Practice
4. 到昨晚上，他已写完那封信。
By yesterday evening he ___________ (write) that letter.
by 9 o’clock(直到九点钟)；by the end of …(在…结束/末之前); by the time…(在…时之前)等连用，表示过去的过去。
had written
5. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。
By six o’clock they ___________ (work)for eight hours.
had worked
6.到上个月底我们在北京住了有五年时间了。
By the end of last month, we_________ (live) in Beijing
for five years.
had lived
06
一般过去时
一般过去时
(1)He offered his seat to an old man yesterday.
依据：”yesterday”, 表示某个过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
(2)When I was a teenager，I played table tennis almost every day.
依据：“When I was ...”,表示过去某一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。
讨论：以下加粗部分为何使用一般过去时？
(1)构成：____________
(2)基本用法
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
标志词：____________________________
动词过去式。
yesterday，last+时间，in +过去时间，at that time，
in the past 在过去
小结 一般过去时
过去
现在
将来
练习四：根据汉语提示完成句子
1._______________ No.2 Middle School three years ago.
三年前我从二中毕业。
2.She got up，washed her face，_____________________________
____________________
她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后去上班。
I graduated from
cleaned her teeth，had her breakfast
and then went to work.
3.Her father usually last year.
她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。
4.They planned to go outing if the next day.
如果第二天天气好，他们计划外出。
did some housework at home
it was fine
07
一般将来时
时态五 一般将来时
(1)Will you be at home at seven this evening
I shall graduate from university next year.
依据： “this evening”、“next year”，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
（2）找出以下句子中表示将来时的其他表达：
a. What are you going to do tomorrow 明天打算做什么呢？
依据：“be going to” ,表示主语的意图，即将做某事。
讨论：以下加粗部分为何使用一般将来时？
b. The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。
“be going to” ,表示计划、安排要发生的事。
3) We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
”are to do”,表示按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
4）He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
“ is about to“，意为马上做某事。
③以下形式也可构成将来时：
a.be going to＋动词原形，表示___________________________________
__________________
b.be about to do sth. 意为“ ”，不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用，但常与 连用。
c.be to do表示按 要发生的动作。
即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。
正要做某事；马上要做某事
when
计划、职责、义务、约定
(1)构成：_______________________________________________________
(2)基本用法：
表示：
shall/will＋动原，be going to＋动原，be to+动原，be about to+动原
即将发生的动作或存在的状态
小结五 一般将来时
标志词：___________________________________________
tomorrow，next +时间，in+一段时间，
过去
现在
将来
练习七：根据汉语提示完成句子
1.I think they you if you tell them.
我认为如果你告诉他们，他们就会帮助你。
2.Wherever he goes，he an umbrella with him.
无论到哪儿，他总是随身带着一把伞。
3.What next Sunday
下星期天你打算干什么？
will help
will take
are you going to do
4.Please get everything ready.The experiment .
请准备好。实验就要开始了。
5.Who the classroom today
今天该谁打扫教室了？
is about to start
is to clean
08
过去将来时
过去时间1
过去时间2
现在
He said ...
he would come
注意：过去将来时必须有表示“过去”的参照物，
这一参照物是一个发生在过去的动作，而不是时间。
一、用法
过去将来时表示过去某个时候看将来即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he would come here the next Friday.
他说他下周五将来这儿。
一般将来时 过去将来时
____ do ____ do
_______ going to do ________ going to do
________ doing (位移动词) _______ doing (位移动词)
________ to do ______ to do
_________ about to do _________ about to do
Compare present future and past future
过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。
go, come, leave, arrive, start, come, fly,move, begin, return, take off
will
am/is/are
am/is/are
would
was/were
was/were
am/is/are
was/were
am/is/are
was/were
二、构成
1.“would/should＋动词原形”表示过去按计划或安排即将发生的事。
She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates that term.
她告诉我们那个学期她将尽她最大努力赶上班里其他同学。
2.“was/were＋going to＋动词原形” 表示过去按计划或安排做某事。
他们说他们将到火车站去接她。
They said that they were going to meet her at the railway station.
天好像要下大雨。
It seemed that it was going to rain heavily.
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she __________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.　
2. She told him that she ___________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy__________(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population ____________ (grow) slowly in future.
would visit
wouldn’t stay
would come
would grow
3. come，go，leave，arrive，start等位移动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时，表示过去按计划或安排将发生的事情。
她告诉我她将来看望我。
She told me she was coming to see me.
4. was/were to＋动词原形，表示过去的计划或安排。
李磊很快就会到达。
Li Lei was to arrive soon.
5. was/were about to＋动词原形，表示发生的动作与说话时间
间隔很短。
他刚要离开，这时铃响了。
He was about to leave when the bell rang.
我们被告知飞机十分钟后就要起飞。(tell, take off)
我听说他们不久就要回上海。(return)
这个人正要放弃，这时他被一艘大船发现了。(about；give up)
当他是个孩子时，常常和朋友在这个池塘玩耍。(play)
他正在努力学习，两年后他要出国深造。(go abroad)
迈克告诉我他第二天要去参观迪士尼乐园。(visit)
Complete the sentences.
We were told that the plane ________________ in ten minutes.
I heard that they _______________________ to Shanghai soon.
The man was ___________________ when he was found by a big ship.
When he was a child，he ____________ with his friends in this pond.
He is working hard and he ________________ for further education in two years.
Mike told me that he _________________________ the Disneyland the next day.
was taking off
were going to return
about to give up
would play
will go abroad
would visit/was to visit
一、谓语动词形式：
二、用法：
would do
表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或状态。
常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。
He said that he would wait for me at the gate.
6:00 7:00 Now 9:00
08 过去将来时
时态综合练习一
My mother (play)the piano every Sunday.
Our math teacher (grade) our schoolwork now.
By the end of last year, we (produce)20,000 cars.
My brother (go) to London last summer.
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _______________ (leave) office soon.
In the past ten years, China (witness) great changes.
A new teacher_ (come) tomorrow.
We (have) a math class at this time yesterday.
plays
is grading
had produced
went
would leave
has witnessed
will come
were having
时态综合练习一
9. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ____________(leave) office soon.
10.In the past ten years, China________________ (witness) great changes.
11. A new teacher _____________ (come) tomorrow.
12. We ________________(have) a math class at this time yesterday.
13. …In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It ______ (be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.…
14. …In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, but I’m afraid I __________ (lose) their friendship. What do you think I should do If you were me, would you talk to them
would leave
has witnessed
will come
were having
was
will lose
09
Summary
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
时间状语
动词形式
often/seldom/every day…
do/does/am/is/are
yesterday, in 1990, last week, two days ago, the other day,
two days later...
did/was/were
(含不规则动词)
now/at the moment/look/listen/…
am/is/are doing
at this time yesterday/When+从句
was/were doing
1. already/ever/before/just
2. for/since/so far in/over the past…
has/have done
had done
tomorrow/next week/in two days
will do
the next week...
would do
1. 过去对现在有影响
2. 从过去持续到现在
by+过去时间
10
Practice makes perfect
1. Paul _____ (go) out with Jane after he _________ (make)
a phone call.
2. Tom ____ (say) he ________ (read) the book twice.
3. When I _______ (arrive) at the station, he _______ (leave).
4. By ten yesterday evening, she ___________ (finish) writing.
went
had made
said
had read
arrived
had left
Practice 1
had finished
Practice 2
My mother (play)the piano every Sunday.
Our math teacher (grade) our schoolwork now.
By the end of last year, we (produce)20,000 cars.
My brother (go) to London last summer.
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he_________ (leave) office soon.
In the past ten years, China (witness) great changes.
A new teacher_ (come) tomorrow.
We (have) a math class at this time yesterday.
plays
is grading
had produced
went
would leave
has witnessed
will come
were having
巩固提升
1. I at home if it ______ (rain) tomorrow.
2. I don't like him. He ___ always ______. (lie)
3. My brother _____ (go) to London the other day.
4. Listen！Someone ___________ (speak) in the room.
5. A new teacher __________ (come) tomorrow.
rains
is lying
went
is speaking
will come
主将 从现
现在进行时表达不满情绪
几天前
will stay
6. Lucy’s brother ____ ( go) to bed at six every day.
7. Mike __________ (watch) a football game next week.
8. Mike said he ____________ (watch) a football game the next week.
9. His uncle _____________ (draw) pictures in the classroom
when we saw him.
10. I ________ (call) you as soon as I back.
goes
will watch
would watch
was drawing
will call
主将 从现
come
11. The movie __________ (begin) when we got to the cinema.
12. Lucy’s sister ____________ (finish) her first book
by the end of last month.
13. Great changes ___________ (take) place in China since 1978.
14. I ____________ (know) him for a long time.
15. We ____________ (have) a math class at this time yesterday.
had begun
had finished
have taken
have known
were having
1. If he ___ early tomorrow, he’ll be late.
A.doesn’t get up B.won’t get up
C.gets up D.doesn’t gets up
2. The teacher told us in class that the earth ___ around the sun.
A.moves B. moved C.is moving D.to move
3. I _____ my mobile phone since five years ago.
A. bought B. have bought C. have had
4. He said that he ___the film twice.
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen
A
A
c
D
单项选择
5. When my father got home, I _____ a letter to my friend.
A. write B. am writing
C. wrote D. was writing
6. Jim _____ abroad. He____ back in two weeks.
A. have gone；will come B. has gone；will come
C. have been to；have come D. has been；come
7. The recorder_____ yesterday. It works OK now.
A. repaired B. was repaired
C. has repaired D. will be repaired
D
B
B
8. You may go fishing if your work ____.
A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done
9. The whole class _____ to the West Lake if it is fine this Sunday.
A. will go B. have gone C. go D. have been to
10. —Tell him about the news when he ____, John.
—Yes, I will.
A. will come B. comes
C. would come D. is coming
A
A
B
2025年英语满分冲刺之语法填空题
一、单句语法填空。
1．In recent years, pollution (cause) lots of problems.
【答案】has caused
【详解】句意：近年来，污染造成了许多问题。根据“In recent years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语是不可数名词pollution，助动词用has。故填has caused。
2．As I was hurrying to catch the bus, I accidentally (drop) my glasses and broke them.
【答案】dropped
【详解】句意：当我匆忙赶公共汽车时，我不小心把眼镜掉在地上打碎了。根据“and broke them”可知，这里用一般过去时，drop的过去式为dropped。故填dropped。
3．—Your watch looks cool. Is it new —No, I (have) it for a month.
【答案】have had
【详解】句意：——你的手表看起来很酷。它是新的吗？——不，我已经买了一个月了。根据“for a month”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为“I”，用have had。故填have had。
4．She (go) to the library every Sunday.
【答案】goes
【详解】句意：她每个星期天都去图书馆。根据“every Sunday”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语She为第三人称单数形式，因此动词应用三单形式goes“去”。故填goes。
5．He (regret) what he had said before he was punished.
【答案】regretted
【详解】句意：在受到惩罚之前，他对自己所说的话感到后悔。“所说的话”（过去完成时）发生在“后悔”的前面，因此“regret”需用过去式。故填regretted。
。
6．The factory (product) a large number of high-tech products in the past few months.
【答案】has produced
【详解】句意：在过去的几个月里，这家工厂生产了大量的高技术产品。根据“in the past few months”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has done”，主语为“The factory”，助动词用has，product的动词为produce，意为“生产”，过去分词为produced，故填has produced。
7．I first met Danny six months ago. He (work) in a bookstore at that time.
【答案】was working
【详解】句意：我六个月前第一次见到丹尼。那时他在一家书店工作。根据“at that time”可知是过去进行时标志，主语是第三人称单数，故be动词用was，故填was working。
8．So far, China’s forest (increase) by over 70,000,000 hectares (公顷). One tree after another, these people built a green Great Wall.
【答案】has increased
【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国的森林面积已经增加了7000多万公顷。这些人一棵接一棵地建起了绿色的长城。increase“增加”，根据“So far”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是China’s forest，助动词用has。故填has increased。
9．My brother (quarrel) with my father about the old house two days ago.
【答案】quarreled
【详解】句意：我的哥哥两天前就那座老房子的问题和我的父亲发生了争吵。“quarrel”作动词时，意为“争吵；吵架”。根据句中的时间状语“two days ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“quarrel”的过去式“quarreled”，故填quarreled。
10．The website (mention) that the zipper was invented in 1893.
【答案】mentioned
【详解】句意：该网站提到拉链是1893年发明的。mention意为“提到”，作谓语动词。此句话在描述过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，mention的过去式是mentioned，故填mentioned。
11．As a young man, you (suppose) to work hard to make your dream come true.
【答案】are supposed
【详解】句意：作为一个年轻人，你应该努力工作，让梦想成真。be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”，此句为一般现在时，主语“you”与系动词“are”连用。故填are supposed。
12．So far, the number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA . (increase)
【答案】has increased
【详解】句意：到目前为止，包括中国球员在内的外国球员在NBA的数量有所增加。increase意为“增加”，实义动词。so far表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，the number of+可数名词复数做主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用has，increase的过去分词是increased，故填has increased。
13．My English teacher is very helpful and he always (courage) me to work hard.
【答案】encourages
【详解】句意：我的英语老师非常乐于助人，他总是鼓励我努力学习。courage“勇气”，不可数名词，此处缺少谓语动词，根据“My English teacher is very helpful”可知是鼓励我们，encourage“鼓励”，动词，根据always“总是”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用三单形式。故填encourages。
14．I spent more time talking with my parents. In this way, we (understand) each other better.
【答案】understood
【详解】句意：我花了更多的时间与父母交谈。这样，我们就能更好地相互理解。understand“理解”，动词。根据spent可知句子时态为一般过去时，谓语应用动词过去式understood。故填understood。
15．The newspaper (report) that more than 300 people were killed in the fire.
【答案】reported
【详解】句意：报纸报道说有300多人在这场火灾中丧生。“report”是动词，意为“报道”。从“were killed”可知句子时态是一般过去时，所以“report”要用过去式“reported”。故填reported。
16．I (begin) to learn the piano when I was eight years old. I have (learn) it for seven years.
【答案】 began learned/learnt
【详解】句意：我八岁开始学钢琴。我已经学了七年了。根据“when I was eight years old”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式began；根据“for seven years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，空前为have，空处应用learn的过去分词。故填began；learned/learnt。
17．My mother will tell him the truth (真相) as soon as he (come) back home.
【答案】comes
【详解】句意：他一回家，我妈妈就会告诉他真相。come back意为“回来”，动词短语。as soon as “一……就……”引导的时间状语从句，句子时态遵循主将从现，从句时态为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语应用动词三单形式comes。故填comes。
18．Alice has lived in Singapore since she (be) a child.
【答案】was
【详解】句意：爱丽丝从小就生活在新加坡。根据“Alice has lived in Singapore since she ...(be) a child.”可知，此句是现在完成时+since+一般过去时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主语是she，be动词用was。故填was。
19．While I (shop) this morning, I (lose) my money. I don’t know how.
【答案】 was shopping lost
【详解】句意：今天早上我在购物时，我的钱丢了。我不知道怎么回事。对于第一空，“while”引导的时间状语从句，强调动作正在进行，所以用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was；第二空表示“我丢了钱”，该动作在进行购物的过程中发生，使用一般过去时，故用“lost”。故填was shopping；lost。
20．You can’t get into the meeting room. The teachers (discuss) something important there.
【答案】are discussing
【详解】句意：你不能进入会议室。老师们正在那里讨论一些重要的事情。根据“You can’t get into the meeting room.”，可知空格处的动作正在发生，时态为现在进行时，其谓语动词结构为“be+现在分词”；主语the teachers为复数，be动词应用are，动词discuss的现在分词为discussing。故填are discussing。
21．During my stay in town last year, the life I got to used to (bring) me a lot of joy.
【答案】brought
【详解】句意：在我去年待在城镇期间，我习惯了的那种生活给我带来了很多欢乐。根据“last year”，可知句子时态为一般过去时，空格处应用动词bring的过去式“brought”。故填brought。
22．I (learn) to read and write French when I (be) a child, but now I (forget) almost everything I have learned.
【答案】 have learnt was forget
【详解】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我已经学会了读和写法语，但是现在我几乎忘记了我所学的一切。根据“I ... to read and write French when I ... a child”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主语I是第一人称，be动词用was；主句表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语I是第一人称，助动词用have，learn的过去分词是learnt。后半句根据“now”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形。故填have learnt；was；forget。
23．Mike (become) a worker in the factory in 1998. He (work) there since then.
【答案】 became has worked
【详解】句意：迈克1998年成为这家工厂的一名工人。从那时起，他就在那里工作。“in 1998”是一般过去时标志，become的过去式是became；“since then”是现在完成时标志，故谓语动词是have/has done的形式，主语he是第三人称单数，故助动词用has，故第二个空是has worked。故填became；has worked。
24．Emily lives a bit far from school, so she (take) the bus to school every day.
【答案】takes
【详解】句意：埃米莉家离学校有点远，所以她每天乘公共汽车上学。根据“Emily lives”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“she”为第三人称单数，故空处谓语应用三单式takes，意为“乘坐”。故填takes。
25．The telephone rang while I (listen) to music last night.
【答案】was listening
【详解】句意：昨晚我在听音乐时，电话响了。while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作发生时，从句的动作正在进行，根据last night“昨晚”可知，时态为过去时，从句应用过去进行时，谓语动词结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语是I，be动词应用was，listen的现在分词是listening。故填was listening。
26．Can you tell me where those children (play) hide and seek (捉迷藏) at this time yesterday
【答案】were playing
【详解】句意：你能告诉我昨天这个时候那些孩子在哪里玩捉迷藏吗？根据“at this time yesterday”可知，动作在过去的某个时刻正在发生，句子时态为过去进行时：was/were+现在分词，主语children为复数，be动词用were，动词play的现在分词为playing。故填were playing。
27．Just now, Mrs Zhang (send) her daughter to buy some milk in the supermarket.
【答案】sent
【详解】句意：刚才，张太太派她的女儿去超市买一些牛奶。根据Just now“刚才”可知，句子表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词send应变为过去式sent。故填sent。
28．Jason worked hard and finally (become) a famous writer in the world.
【答案】became
【详解】句意：Jason努力工作，最后成为了世界上著名的作家。根据“worked”可知，此处用一般过去时，become的过去式为became。故填became。
29．Tom (hit) me on my back just now and I didn’t know why.
【答案】hit
【详解】句意：汤姆刚才打了我的背，我不知道为什么。根据“just now”可知，此处表示刚才发生的动作，需用一般过去时，hit的过去式为hit。故填hit。
30．Either the boys or the girl (brush) my new car.
【答案】brushes
【详解】句意：不是男孩们就是这个女孩擦我的新车。brush擦，动词；此句是一般现在时，主语是either...or...结构，谓语动词遵循就近原则，girl是单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式brushes。故填brushes。
31．Hurry up! The sky is covered with black clouds. I’m afraid it (rain).
【答案】is going to rain
【详解】句意：快点！天空布满了乌云。我担心要下雨了。rain“下雨”，动词；分析句子可知，句子描述的是根据当前情况（乌云密布）对未来（下雨）的预测，应用be going to do sth.表示根据当前迹象或证据预测的未来事件，it为第三人称单数，be动词要用is，故填is going to rain。
32．The girl (watch) TV with her parents in the evening.
【答案】watches
【详解】句意：这个女孩晚上和她的父母一起看电视。主语The girl是第三人称单数，谓语动词watch要用第三人称单数形式 watches，故填watches。
33．We our school trip excitedly when Mr. Yang came into the classroom. (discuss)
【答案】were discussing
【详解】句意：杨老师走进教室的时候，我们正激动地讨论我们的学校旅行。根据“when Mr. Yang came into the classroom”可知，此处表示过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是we，be动词用were，discuss的现在分词形式是discussing。故填were discussing。
34．A true friend always you whenever you are in trouble. (support)
【答案】supports
【详解】句意：真正的朋友无论你何时遇到困难，总会支持你。根据“always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“A true friend”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式supports。故填supports。
35．The second-hand car (appear) to be in good condition, so I bought it.
【答案】appeared
【详解】句意：这辆二手车看起来状况不错，所以我买了它。appear表示“看起来”，没有被动形式，与后面的bought在时态上应保持一致。故填appeared。
36．Look! Tom (tie) his dog to the tree.
【答案】is tying
【详解】句意：看！汤姆正在把他的狗拴在树上。“Look!”是现在进行时的标志词，句子主语Tom是第三人称单数，be动词用is，tie的现在分词形式是tying，故填is tying。
37．The news (spread) out quickly in the village last night.
【答案】spread
【详解】句意：昨晚，这个消息在村子里迅速传开了。根据“last night”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式spread。故填spread。
38．She (write) many books so far, the children in China like them very much.
【答案】has written
【详解】句意：到目前为止，她写了很多书，中国的孩子们都很喜欢。由so far可知时态是现在完成时have/has done，主语是三单，助动词用has，write的过去分词是written。故填has written。
39．Since Alexander was 5 years old, he in China with his parents. (live)
【答案】has lived
【详解】句意：亚历山大自从5岁起，他就和父母住在中国。根据“Since Alexander was 5 years old”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语he为单数，结构为has done。故填has lived。
40．He went into the house and his bag on the table. (lay)
【答案】laid
【详解】句意：他走进屋子，把包放在桌子上。根据“He went into the house……”可知，本句时态为一般过去，“and”前后连接的时态保持一致。故填laid。
41．—Mum, today’s cookies taste a little special but I like them.
—Oh, dear. I’m glad you do. I (mistake) the salt for sugar while baking them this morning.
【答案】mistook
【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天的饼干味道有点特别，但我喜欢。——哦，亲爱的。你喜欢就好。今天早上我烤它们的时候把盐误当成了糖。时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填mistook。
42．The horse danger and stopped. (sense)
【答案】sensed
【详解】句意：这匹马察觉到了危险，停了下来。根据“stopped”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，sense“察觉”，动词，其过去式为sensed。故填sensed。
43．My father (read) newspaper when the phone rang.
【答案】was reading
【详解】句意：当电话铃响时，我父亲正在看报纸。根据“...when the phone rang.”和提示词汇可知，句子为when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态为一般过去时，主句时态为过去进行时，主句中主语My father为单数，谓语用“was+现在分词”的结构，reading为动词现在分词。故填was reading。
44．He cleaned and (wind) up the old-fashioned clock before going to bed.
【答案】wound
【详解】句意：睡觉前他把老式钟擦干净并上了发条。wind“上发条”，动词；此处与cleaned并列，应该用过去式，wind的过去式为wound。故填wound。
45．The photo (remind) me of my childhood.
【答案】reminds/reminded
【详解】句意：这张照片让我想起了我的童年。根据“The photo…me of my childhood.”及提示词可知，句子时态可以分为两种：一般现在时和一般过去时。当句子时态为一般现在时时，主语“The photo”，名词单数作主语，谓语动词应为其动词三单形式，remind“使想起”，其三单形式“reminds”，符合语境。当句子时态为一般过去时时，谓语动词应为其动词过去式形式，remind“使想起”，其动词过去式“reminded”，符合语境。故填reminds/reminded
46．Some boys (dance) under that tree over there. Who are they
【答案】are dancing
【详解】句意：一些男孩正在那边的树下跳舞。他们是谁？根据“Some boys…under that tree over there. Who are they ”以及所给单词可知，此处描述的是正在进行的动作，应该用现在进行时，谓语动词构成是am/is/are+现在分词，主语是Some boys，be动词用are；dance的现在分词形式为dancing。故填are dancing。
47．Chopsticks (be) made of wood.
【答案】are
【详解】句意：筷子是用木头做的。本句缺少谓语，主语是“Chopsticks”，意为“筷子”，是复数名词，此处描述的是筷子一般性质，应该用一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are。
48．We (run) out of coal, and had to burn wood.
【答案】ran
【详解】句意：我们的煤用完了，只好烧木头。句子时态是一般过去时，ran符合句意，故填ran。
49．Look! The boy (sing) a song in class.
【答案】is singing
【详解】句意：看！这个男孩在课堂上唱歌。由“Look!”可知，时态为现在进行时，结构为be doing；主语The boy为单数，be动词用is。故填is singing。
50．I (do) my homework at this time yesterday afternoon.
【答案】was doing
【详解】句意：昨天下午的这个时候我正在做作业。根据“at this time yesterday afternoon”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时间正在发生或进行的动作，构成为was/ were doing，主语为I，因此用was，do“做”，现在分词形式为doing。故填was doing
Thank you!