Unit 5 First Aid 急救（话题阅读精练）（解析版）

Unit 5 First Aid 急救
话题阅读精练
单元引言解读
It's a great honour to save a life.
—Leigh Bardugo
释义：救人一命，善莫大焉。
——李·巴杜格
启示：这句话体现了施救者的仁爱之心。本单元不仅仅是向学生传授有关急救的基本知识，还要培养学生的仁爱之心，使学生认识到：通过自己的努力挽救生命是一件光荣的事情，更是人道主义、博爱和奉献精神的体现。
主题词汇积累
一、急救流程类
give first aid 进行急救
perform CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) 实施心肺复苏
call for emergency help 呼叫紧急救援
check for vital signs 检查生命体征
provide initial treatment 进行初步治疗
二、伤情处理类
stop the bleeding 止血
dress a wound 包扎伤口
treat a burn 处理烧伤
relieve choking 缓解窒息
deal with a fracture 处置骨折
三、救援工具与物资类
use a first - aid kit 使用急救箱
apply a bandage 敷用绷带
use antiseptic wipes 使用消毒湿巾
get a splint 取夹板（用于骨折）
administer painkillers 给予止痛药
四、急救场景与状况类
in case of an accident 万一发生事故
respond to a medical emergency 应对医疗紧急情况
handle a sports injury 处理运动损伤
aid a drowning person 救助溺水者
assist a heart-attack victim 协助心脏病发患者
时文拓展阅读
(2024·黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二上期末)It was a sunny afternoon in June when 20－year－old Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago's 69th Street station. On the platform, two men were fighting bitterly. Then the unthinkable happened: the pair fell over the edge and onto the tracks. One man ended up on his back. Suddenly, he started convulsing unnaturally. He had fallen on the third rail, the conduit (导线管) for the 600 volts of electricity that powers Chicago's L trains. The aggressor leaped backward, bounded back up onto the platform and disappeared.
Perry couldn't just stand there and watch. He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down. He took a few quick bounds and approached the victim. The guy looked dead, his body still moving violently as the electricity pulsed. Gathering up his courage, Perry reached down and grasped the victim's wrist. Instantly, he felt a blast of electric shock shoot through his body. Perry shrank and jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time he seized the man's wrist and forearm and, braving the shock, pulled with all his strength. The guy's body slid briefly along the third rail, coming to rest on the gravel on the outer edge of the tracks.
The man was breathing, but irregularly. Something wasn't right. “Give him chest compressions (按压)！” yelled a woman. Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man's heart until the victim began convulsing. Then he heard a sudden noise behind him—medical workers and firefighters had arrived. Perry let the professionals take over. His heart still racing from the electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and headed home.
The evening news reported the incident. After a friend outed him to the media, Perry became the toast of Chicago. Perry was then recruited by the Chicago Fire Department and is now training to be an emergency medical technician.
【译文欣赏】
那是六月一个阳光明媚的下午，20岁的安东尼 佩里在芝加哥第69街车站下了火车。在站台上，两名男子正激烈地打斗。接着，不可思议的事情发生了：两人从站台边缘摔落，掉到了铁轨上。其中一名男子仰面朝天。突然，他开始不自然地抽搐起来。他摔到了第三轨上，这是为芝加哥轻轨列车提供600伏电力的导线管。攻击者向后一跳，跳回站台，然后消失了。
佩里不能就站在那里看着。他坐在站台边缘，慢慢往下挪。他快速跳了几步，靠近了受害者。那人看上去像死了一样，随着电流脉冲，他的身体还在剧烈抖动。佩里鼓起勇气，伸手抓住受害者的手腕。瞬间，他感到一阵电击穿过自己的身体。佩里缩了一下，跳了回来。他第二次伸手，又遭到电击。但第三次，他抓住那人的手腕和前臂，不顾电击，用尽全力一拉。那人的身体沿着第三轨短暂滑动，最后停在铁轨外缘的碎石上。
这名男子还有呼吸，但很不规律。情况不太对。“给他做胸外按压！”一名女子喊道。佩里不是专业人员，但他给那人的心脏按压了一会儿，直到受害者开始抽搐。然后他听到身后突然传来声响——医护人员和消防队员到了。佩里让专业人员接手。他的心脏还因电击跳得厉害，他爬回站台，拿起自己的东西，然后回家了。
晚间新闻报道了这起事件。在一个朋友向媒体透露他的身份后，佩里成了芝加哥备受赞誉的人。随后，佩里被芝加哥消防局招募，现在正在接受培训，准备成为一名紧急医疗救护技术员。
【词汇积累】
step off：走下
end up：最终成为；最后处于
gather up：鼓起（勇气等）；收拢
shoot through：迅速穿过
shrink back：退缩；畏缩
come to rest：停止移动；静止下来
chest compressions：胸部按压
take over：接管；接手
head home：回家
become the toast of：成为…… 赞扬的对象；成为…… 的红人
【知识拓展】
这篇文章展现了安东尼 佩里在危急时刻的勇敢与担当，可延伸出 “勇敢的选择能点亮人生” 这类感悟。当他人陷入绝境，多数人可能因恐惧、未知而犹豫，但佩里选择直面危险，哪怕自身会遭受电击伤害，也一次次尝试救人。这种勇敢不仅改变了受害者的命运，也为自己赢得认可，开启新职业道路。它启示我们，生活里面对看似 “不可能”“有风险” 的善举时，鼓起勇气迈出那一步，或许就能成为他人的 “光”，也为自己创造意想不到的成长机遇，勇敢本身就是改写故事的力量 。
【词汇延伸】
bitter（adj. 苦的；激烈的 ）→ bitterly（adv. 激烈地；痛苦地 ），类似副词变形：happy→happily（快乐地 ）；sad→sadly（悲伤地 ）
convulse（v. 抽搐 ）→ convulsion（n. 抽搐；惊厥 ），同根词拓展：decide（v. 决定 ）→ decision（n. 决定 ）
aggress（v. 攻击；挑衅 ）→ aggressor（n. 攻击者 ），词性转换：teach（v. 教 ）→ teacher（n. 教师 ）
bound（v. 跳跃 ）→ boundless（adj. 无限的；无边无际的 ），词缀拓展：care（v. 关心 ）→ careless（adj. 粗心的 ）
【长难句分析】
原句：It was a sunny afternoon in June when 20－year－old Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago's 69th Street station.
结构分析：“It was + 时间 + when...” 是常用句型，when 引导时间状语从句 。主句 “It was a sunny afternoon in June” 描述时间背景，从句 “20－year－old Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago's 69th Street station” 说明在该时间发生的事件 。
翻译：那是六月一个阳光明媚的下午，20 岁的安东尼 佩里在芝加哥第 69 街车站下了火车。
原句：He had fallen on the third rail, the conduit (导线管) for the 600 volts of electricity that powers Chicago's L trains.
结构分析：“the conduit (导线管) for the 600 volts of electricity” 是 “the third rail” 的同位语，对其解释说明；“that powers Chicago's L trains” 是定语从句，修饰 “the 600 volts of electricity” ，关系代词 that 在从句中作主语 。
翻译：他摔到了第三轨上，这是为芝加哥轻轨列车提供 600 伏电力的导线管。
原句：The guy looked dead, his body still moving violently as the electricity pulsed.
结构分析：“his body still moving violently” 是独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语，逻辑主语 “his body” 和分词 “moving” 构成主动关系；“as the electricity pulsed” 是时间状语从句，as 表示 “当…… 时” 。
翻译：那人看上去像死了一样，随着电流脉冲，他的身体还在剧烈抖动。
原句：Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man's heart until the victim began convulsing.
结构分析：“but” 连接两个并列分句，表转折；“until the victim began convulsing” 是时间状语从句，until 表示 “直到…… 为止” 。
翻译：佩里不是专业人员，但他给那人的心脏按压了一会儿，直到受害者开始抽搐。
高考真题链接
（2017·北京·高考真题）It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Pairs’s eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR ”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen，the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”
56．What happened to Paris on a March day
A．She caught a bad cold.
B．She had a sudden heart problem.
C．She was knocked down by a ball.
D．She shivered terribly during practice.
57．Why does Paris say she was lucky
A．She made a worthy friend.
B．She recovered from shock.
C．She received immediate CPR.
D．She came back on the softball team.
58．Which of the following words can best describe Taylor
A．Enthusiastic and kind.
B．Courageous and calm.
C．Cooperative and generous.
D．Ambitious and professional.
【答案】56．B 57．C 58．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球队一名女孩Paris在打球的过程中突发心力衰竭，队友Taylor紧急对Paris进行了心肺复苏，送往医院后她恢复了心跳的故事，旨在说明面临心力衰竭时，保持冷静并进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。
56．细节理解题。根据第三段第一行，“It certainly was。 Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure。”可知，Paris突发心脏病，故B项正确。
57．推理判断题。根据第五段第二行“Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR”以及第六段整段中队友的协助，得到了及时CPR救助的Paris“heartbeat returned”， 所以Paris说自己非常的幸运。倒数第二段，“Experts say Paris is right。 For a sudden failure， the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”，专家的话也印证了Paris获得了及时的救助，故C项正确。
58．推理判断题。根据第五段第二行“But when no one else came forward， Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR。”说明Taylor非常的勇敢，在没有人出来帮忙以及自己对自己不那么自信的情况下，她还是跑去救助了Paris。由第五段第三行Taylor 的话“It was scary。 I knew it was the difference between life and death。”以及第六段首句“Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down。”可知，Taylor是一个勇敢并且冷静的女孩，面对这种情况，她没有慌乱，用自己学习到的急救知识迅速行动并用自己的举动感染了队友，使她们镇静下来帮忙救助，故B项正确。
1.原句：The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm.
结构分析：主干为 “The girls were waiting for their next turns”，“on the Wesleyan Academy softball team” 作后置定语修饰 “girls”，“during practice” 为时间状语，“stamping their feet to stay warm” 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，表主动动作（跺脚取暖）。
翻译：卫斯理学院垒球队的女孩们在训练中等待下一轮击球，跺着脚取暖。
2.原句：Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work.
结构分析：主干为 “Two more ran to get the school nurse”，“who brought a defibrillator” 是非限制性定语从句修饰 “nurse”，“an electronic device” 是 “defibrillator” 的同位语，“that can shock the heart back into work” 是定语从句修饰 “device”。
翻译：另外两名女孩跑去叫学校护士，护士带来了一台除颤器 —— 一种能电击心脏使其恢复工作的电子器械。
英文 中文释义 词性 拓展 / 搭配
emergency 紧急情况；突发事件 n. in an emergency（在紧急情况下）
immediate 立即的；直接的 adj. immediate action（立即行动）
technique 技术；技巧 n. life-saving technique（救生技术）
hesitate 犹豫；迟疑 v. hesitate to do sth.（犹豫做某事）
swift 迅速的；敏捷的 adj. swift action（迅速行动）
defibrillator 除颤器 n. 医学急救设备，用于电击恢复心跳
survival 幸存；生存 n. chance of survival（生存机会）
背景知识：
1.CPR（心肺复苏）：
是针对心跳骤停患者的急救技术，通过胸外按压和人工呼吸维持血液循环和氧气供应，为专业医疗救助争取时间。文中提到 “press on the sick person’s chest” 即胸外按压的核心动作。
黄金救援时间：心跳骤停后 4-6 分钟内进行 CPR，生存率可显著提高，超过 10 分钟生存率极低。
2.除颤器（defibrillator）：
可通过电击消除心脏纤颤，恢复正常心律，是急救中重要的设备。文中 “brought a defibrillator” 体现了学校急救措施的准备。
3.青少年急救教育：
许多国家将 CPR 等急救技能纳入学校课程（如文中 Taylor 刚学过 CPR），旨在提升青少年应对突发事件的能力，体现 “急救从青少年抓起” 的理念。
阅读微技能（解题技巧）
1.细节定位法：
针对 56 题（Paris 的情况），通过题干关键词 “March day” 和 “Paris” 定位到第三段首句 “Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure”，直接匹配 B 选项。
技巧：题干中的时间、人物、专有名词（如 CPR）是定位关键，快速扫读文中对应词汇可提高解题效率。
2.因果逻辑推理：
57 题问 Paris 为何说自己幸运，需结合上下文因果关系：Taylor 实施 CPR（因）→ 心跳恢复（果），且专家提到 “the single best chance for survival is...do CPR quickly”，故 C 选项 “获得及时 CPR” 正确。
技巧：注意文中因果连词（如 because, so, help, lead to）和专家观点，这些是推理题的重要依据。
3.人物形象分析：
58 题考查对 Taylor 的评价，需从行为描写中提炼性格：
“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris”（勇敢，Courageous）；
“Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down”（冷静，Calm）。
技巧：关注人物动作、语言描写及周围人的反应（如队友因她冷静），避免主观臆断，以文中细节为依据。
4.主旨关联法：
全文围绕 “急救事件” 展开，所有题目均需紧扣 “CPR 的重要性” 和 “Taylor 的果断行动”，与主旨无关的选项（如 A 项 “感冒”、C 项 “被球击倒”）可直接排除。
综合实战演练
语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介
Passage 1 七选五 说明文 217 文章介绍了基本急救知识，即对受伤或处于生理困境的人进行初步评估和处理的过程，同时强调应尽快寻求专业医疗帮助，并列举了在急救过程中需要注意的关键事项。
Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 331 文章主要介绍了救援者的职责以及遇险者自身责任对救援的影响，还阐述了不同类型的救援职责。
Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 346 文章介绍了旁观者效应，分析其成因，阐述对受害者的危害，并提出通过主动行动和共情等来减少该效应。
Passage 4 七选五 说明文 227 文章主要介绍了急救的相关内容，包括重要性以及如何学习等。
Passage 5 阅读理解 应用文 277 文章主要介绍了消防安全政策的内容以及拥有消防安全政策的重要性。
Passage 6 阅读理解 说明文 354 文章介绍了研究人员在氯胺消毒的饮用水中发现了一种名为氯硝酰胺阴离子的新化合物，其毒性尚不明确，但因其广泛存在和与其他有毒物质的相似性，需进一步研究其对公共健康的潜在风险。
Passage 7 七选五 说明文 238 文章主要介绍了如何急救事故受害者的几个简单步骤。
Passage 8 七选五 说明文 276 文章介绍了人工智能在高中急救培训中的作用。
Passage 1
（2025·云南·模拟预测）Basic first aid refers to the initial process of assessing and addressing the needs of someone who has been injured or is in physiological distress due to choking, a heart attack, allergic reactions, drugs, or other medical emergencies. Basic first aid allows you to quickly determine a person’s physical condition and the correct course of treatment. You should always seek professional medical help as soon as you are able to. 1
2 Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material (e.g., wood, dry rope, dry clothing) to separate him from the power source before touching him.
Do not move the person. 3 - Moving someone with spinal cord damage may increase the likelihood of paralysis or death. Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.
Never try to reset a broken or dislocated bone. 4 - Resetting a dislocation or broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse. Only doctors are qualified to do this.
It is dangerous to give aspirin to anyone under the age of 16, as it can cause potentially fatal damage to the brain and liver before this age.
5 This seems to lack sympathy, but remember that being a hero, in this case, means nothing if you come back dead.
A．Never, ever put yourself in danger!
B．It could harm them even more, unless they are in immediate danger.
C．Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.
D．Remember, this is first aid unless you are 110% sure of what you are doing.
E．They have higher levels of training and know how to handle these situations.
F．If approaching the victim will endanger your life, seek professional help immediately.
G．But be sure to be aware of the following things that can be the difference between life and death.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基本急救知识，即对受伤或处于生理困境的人进行初步评估和处理的过程，同时强调应尽快寻求专业医疗帮助，并列举了在急救过程中需要注意的关键事项。
1．根据上文“You should always seek professional medical help as soon as you are able to.(你应该尽快寻求专业医疗帮助)” 及后文面接着列举了一些急救时的注意事项可推知，G选项“但一定要注意以下这些可能关乎生死的事情” 符合语境，承上启下，引出下文急救注意事项，故选G。
2．根据文章该段 “Turn off the power or use a piece of non - conductive material (e.g., wood, dry rope, dry clothing) to separate him from the power source before touching him.(在触碰他之前，先切断电源或使用一块非导电材料（如木头、干绳子、干衣服）将他与电源分开)” 可知，这里是在说对于触电的人的处理方法。C选项“不要触碰正在触电的人” 符合语境，故选C。
3．根据下文“Moving someone with spinal cord damage may increase the likelihood of paralysis or death.(移动脊髓受损的人可能会增加瘫痪或死亡的可能性)” 可知，此处应说明随意移动伤者可能带来更严重伤害。B选项“这可能会对他们造成更严重的伤害，除非他们处于紧急危险之中” 符合语境，解释不移动伤者的原因，故选B。
4．根据上文“Never try to reset a broken or dislocated bone.(永远不要试图复位骨折或脱臼的骨头)”和下文 “Resetting a dislocation or broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse. Only doctors are qualified to do this.(复位脱臼或骨折的骨头很可能使情况恶化。只有医生有资格做这件事)” 可知，选项承接上下文强调了在急救时不要轻易尝试复位。D选项“记住，这是急救，除非你对自己正在做的事情有百分之一百一的把握” 符合语境。故选D。
5．根据下文“This seems to lack sympathy, but remember that being a hero, in this case, means nothing if you come back dead.(这似乎缺乏同情心，但请记住，在这种情况下，如果你死了，当英雄就毫无意义)” 可知，这里是在说不要让自己处于危险之中。A选项“永远，永远不要把自己置于危险之中！” 符合语境，故选A。
Passage 2
（24-25高二下·重庆·阶段练习）In our daily lives, we may encounter situations where someone needs immediate assistance. However, what happens when the victim is responsible for getting into the dangerous situation Does this change the duty of the rescuer
The duty of rescue can be broadly divided into two categories: natural and artificial. A natural duty arises when a rescuer encounters a victim by chance and has the ability to provide assistance without significant cost to themselves. On the other hand, an artificial duty is created by agreement among participants, such as in a mutual aid framework or an insurance policy that covers the costs of a professional rescue service.
When considering the duty of rescue, it is crucial to acknowledge the responsibility of the victim. If the victim is responsible for getting into difficulties, this may affect the rescuer’s obligations in several ways. Firstly, it may reduce the cost that the rescuer is obliged to bear. Secondly, the victim’s responsibility may reduce the force of the duty of rescue. In other words, the rescuer may have stronger reasons to prioritize other duties over the duty of rescue, especially when facing limited resources or choices between different victims.
However, it is important to note that the duty of rescue should never be completely negated (否认). Even in cases of carelessness or wrongdoing, the rescuer’s primary aim should be to protect the victim’s life and bodily integrity. In practical terms, acknowledging the victim’s responsibility can just help balance the expected costs of the rescue between the victim and the rescuers more fairly. For example, in the case of a lost hiker who knowingly exposed themselves to risk, volunteers may choose to delay the rescue until morning or charge the victim for the costs involved.
Moreover, recognizing the victim’s responsibility can encourage personal accountability and prevent future risks. By making individuals aware of the potential consequences of their actions, we can encourage responsible behavior and reduce the need for rescue in the long run.
1．Which of the following situations may create an artificial duty of rescue
A．A passerby sees a car accident and decides to help.
B．A friend offers to help another friend move to a new house.
C．A volunteer in a mutual aid agreement assists other members.
D．A firefighter responds to a call for assistance in a burning building.
2．What is the primary aim of the rescuer when facing a victim
A．To protect the victim’s safety and health.
B．To acknowledge the victim’s responsibility.
C．To charge the victim for the costs of the rescue.
D．To prioritize other duties over the duty of rescue.
3．What is illustrated by the example of the lost hiker
A．The need for professional rescue services.
B．The extra cost of rescue caused by victims.
C．The difficulty of balancing duties in emergencies.
D．Recognition of victim’s fault for fair rescue cost split.
4．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The artificial and natural duties of rescuers.
B．Ways to reduce the need for rescue services.
C．The effects of technology on rescue operations.
D．The rescuer’s duty and the victim’s responsibility.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了救援者的职责以及遇险者自身责任对救援的影响，还阐述了不同类型的救援职责。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The duty of rescue can be broadly divided into two categories: natural and artificial. A natural duty arises when a rescuer encounters a victim by chance and has the ability to provide assistance without significant cost to themselves. On the other hand, an artificial duty is created by agreement among participants, such as in a mutual aid framework or an insurance policy that covers the costs of a professional rescue service.(救助义务大致可分为自然救助义务和人为救助义务两大类。当救援人员偶然遇到遇险者，并且有能力在不给自己造成重大损失的情况下提供援助时，就会产生一种自然责任。另一方面，人为的救援责任是由参与者之间的协议产生的，比如在互助框架或涵盖专业救援服务费用的保险政策中)”可知，在互助协议中，志愿者帮助其他成员是基于互助协议这一参与者之间的约定，属于人为的救援责任。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Even in cases of carelessness or wrongdoing, the rescuer’s primary aim should be to protect the victim’s life and bodily integrity.(即使在遇险者粗心或犯错的情况下，救援者的主要目标也应该是保护受害者的生命和身体完整)”可知，救援者面对遇险者时的主要目标是保护遇险者的安全和健康。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“In practical terms, acknowledging the victim’s responsibility can just help balance the expected costs of the rescue between the victim and the rescuers more fairly. For example, in the case of a lost hiker who knowingly exposed themselves to risk, volunteers may choose to delay the rescue until morning or charge the victim for the costs involved.(在实际操作中，承认遇险者自身责任有助于更公平地分摊救援方与遇险者之间的预期成本。例如，当一名明知风险仍执意涉险的登山者失踪时，救援队可以选择延迟至次日清晨开展营救，或要求遇险者承担相关救援费用)”可知，这个例子说明了认识到遇险者的过错有助于公平地分摊救援成本。故选D项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“However, what happens when the victim is responsible for getting into the dangerous situation Does this change the duty of the rescuer (然而，遇险者对自己陷入危险情况负有责任时，会发生什么呢 这会改变救援者的职责吗 )”以及后文对救援者职责分类、遇险者责任对救援影响等内容的阐述可知，文章主要介绍了救援者的职责和遇险者的责任。故选D项。
Passage 3
（24-25高一下·福建三明·期中）The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. The greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will provide help for a person in need. People tend to act in an emergency when there are few or no other people present.
About six decades ago, researchers connected the bystander effect with two factors: the diffusion of responsibility and social influence. The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. Social influence means that individuals observe the behavior of those around them to decide how to respond.
Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored.
One way to address the bystander effect is to behave as if one is the first or only person to see a problem. Often, when one person makes a move, even if just to shout “Hey, what’s going on ”, others may be encouraged to help people in trouble as well. That is to say, an active bystander is most effective when they assume that they themselves are the only person taking charge.
It is also important for individuals to develop moral virtues. Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). Worry less about the consequences (后果) of giving a helping hand and think more about the example you are setting for future generations. If you are the affected person, pick out one person in the crowd and make eye contact. People’ s natural drive to be kind and helpful may make it hard for them to reject your request for help.
1．How does the author mainly develop the first paragraph
A．By giving a definition.
B．By providing an example.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By listing numbers.
2．What does the underlined word “diffusion” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Absence. B．Difference.
C．Spread. D．Increase.
3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Emotions shown by victims in dangerous situations.
B．The harm bystanders may suffer after taking action.
C．The bystander effect’s negative impacts on victims.
D．Possible changes of passive bystanders in emergent situations.
4．What is advised to do to reduce the bystander effect
A．Try to learn some first-aid skills.
B．Make eye contact with the victims.
C．Consider the consequences before acting.
D．Approach issues from others’ standpoint.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旁观者效应，分析其成因，阐述对受害者的危害，并提出通过主动行动和共情等来减少该效应。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The bystander effect (旁观者效应) is a social psychological theory which takes place when the presence of others discourages an individual from taking steps in a troubling situation, such as a car accident, a crime or other wrongdoings. (旁观者效应是一种社会心理学理论，当其他人在场时，一个人不愿在令人不安的情况下采取措施，比如车祸、犯罪或其他不法行为，就会发生旁观者效应)”可知，作者定义了“旁观者效应”，解释了其表现和典型场景。故选A项。
2．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文对“the diffusion of responsibility”的解释“The former means the more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals will feel to take action. (前者意味着旁观者越多，个体采取行动的个人责任就越少)”可知，责任被“分摊”给多个旁观者，导致个体责任感减弱，因此画线词意为“分散，扩散”。故选C项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Under the bystander effect, those left without aid may feel disconnected, experience increased pain and decreased self-worth, as well as suffer stress-related aftereffects. Besides, trust issues may come up, making it hard to build relationships, causing these people to pull away socially for fear of being ignored. (在旁观者效应下，那些没有得到帮助的人可能会感到疏离，经历更多的痛苦和降低自我价值，以及遭受与压力相关的后遗症。此外，信任问题可能会出现，使建立关系变得困难，导致这些人因为害怕被忽视而在社交上疏远)”可知，本段主要分析了旁观者效应对受害者造成的负面影响，包括心理和社会性伤害。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Try to see the situation from the viewpoint of the victims (受害者). (试着从受害者的角度看问题)”可知，作者建议通过换位思考来缓解旁观者效应。故选D项。
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·广东·阶段练习）First aid refers to the immediate care you provide to someone who’s injured or suddenly unwell, before professional medical help arrives. 1 First aid can include knowledge like CPR, wound care, and the Heimlich maneuver.
2 In any emergency response situation, your quick thinking and actions can reduce the severity of injuries and improve outcomes. Knowing first aid isn’t just helpful; it builds confidence and promotes a culture of safety in your community. By learning first aid, you prepare yourself for potential crises. This preparedness is essential in workplaces. That is because accidents can happen unexpectedly there. So health education plays an important role in understanding first aid’s significance.
Actually, learning first aid can be easily accomplished through a variety of methods, guaranteeing you’re well-equipped to handle emergencies effectively. Start by registering for certified first aid courses that cover essential first aid techniques. These classes will teach you some first aid knowledge. 3
Don’t underestimate the importance of mastering CPR basics. Knowing how to perform CPR can save lives in cardiac emergencies. 4 Additionally, familiarize yourself with wound care procedures, including cleaning, dressing, and managing various types of injuries.
You can also explore online resources. 5 You can mock (模仿) real-life emergencies, allowing you to apply what you’ve learned in a controlled setting.
Regularly renewing your skills guarantees you’re always ready when it counts.
A．It can give you a sense of community.
B．But remember that practical experience is vital.
C．Training employees fosters a culture of safety and readiness.
D．Mastering basic techniques can make all the difference in saving a life.
E．It’s a critical skill that enables you to respond effectively in all emergencies.
F．Also practicing the CPR skills in a hands-on environment increases your confidence.
G．You can soon learn how to conduct an injury assessment and identify significant situations.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．G 4．F 5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了急救的相关内容，包括重要性以及如何学习等。
1．前句“First aid refers to the immediate care you provide to someone who’s injured or suddenly unwell, before professional medical help arrives.(急救是指在专业医疗帮助到来之前，你对受伤或突然不适的人提供的即时护理)”和后句“First aid can include knowledge like CPR, wound care, and the Heimlich maneuver.(急救可以包括心肺复苏术、伤口护理和海姆利克急救法等知识)”都介绍急救内容，由此判断E选项“这是一项重要的技能，它能让你在紧急情况下做出有效反应”符合语境，故选E。
2．根据下文“In any emergency response situation, your quick thinking and actions can reduce the severity of injuries and improve outcomes. Knowing first aid isn’t just helpful; it builds confidence and promotes a culture of safety in your community.(在任何紧急情况下，你的快速反应和行动可以减少伤害的严重程度，改善结果。知道急救不仅有帮助；它在你的社区中建立信心，促进安全文化)”可知，本段介绍懂得急救的重要性，D选项“掌握基本的技术对挽救生命至关重要”可以概括本段内容，作为本段主旨句，故选D。
3．上文“Start by registering for certified first aid courses that cover essential first aid techniques. These classes will teach you some first aid knowledge.(从注册经过认证的急救课程开始，这些课程涵盖了基本的急救技术。这些课程将教你一些急救知识)”建议人们学习急救课程，这些课程能够交给人们相关知识， 由此推断G选项“你很快就能学会如何进行损伤评估和识别重大情况”可以承接上文，故选G。
4．上文“Knowing how to perform CPR can save lives in cardiac emergencies.(知道如何进行心肺复苏术可以在心脏紧急情况下挽救生命)”提到，知道如何进行心肺复苏术可以在心脏紧急情况下挽救生命，由此推断设空处也是讲心肺复苏的内容，F选项“此外，在实际操作的环境中练习心肺复苏技能可以增加你的信心”符合语境，故选F。
5．上文“You can also explore online resources.(你也可以探索在线资源)”指出人们可以探索其他方式的网上学习，下文“You can mock (模仿) real-life emergencies, allowing you to apply what you’ve learned in a controlled setting.(您可以模拟现实生活中的紧急情况，使您能够在可控的环境中应用您所学到的知识)”指出模拟生活中的场景可以把学习的知识运用起来，由此判断B选项“但是请记住，实践经验是至关重要的”符合语境，故选B。
Passage 5
（24-25高一下·安徽滁州·阶段练习）Fire Safety Policy: Keep Your Places Safe
Anyone in charge of a building should make sure that a fire safety policy is written and performed.
What is a fire safety policy
A fire safety policy is a written paper that describes how fire dangers in your buildings will be managed and how you’ll protect people from fire if one breaks out.
By law, employers (雇主) and people in charge of business and other buildings must take steps to reduce the risks caused by fire. A fire safety policy is a simple way to make sure that you have all of this information recorded in one place. The following are some measures to prevent fires included in the fire safety policy.
Enough fire escape routes (逃生路线) and ways of escape, allowing people to find their way out of the building safely
Methods of giving warning in case of fire, such as a fire alarm system and smoke detectors that are tested regularly
Clear fire safety signs and notices, showing the location of fire exits and firefighting equipment
Suitable fire extinguishers (灭火器), making sure that the right type of extinguisher is fixed
Suitable emergency lighting, in case escape happens in the dark
Looking to learn more
As an employer, it’s important that all your workers are fully trained in fire safety measures so they know what to do in case of emergency. A range of online fire safety courses are offered, including fire manager training and fire risk assessment training, to provide workers at all levels with the necessary fire safety knowledge.
1．What can we learn about a fire safety policy
A．It is a must to run a business. B．It is aimed at large business buildings.
C．It makes it easy to deal with fire dangers. D．It reminds workers of possible fire dangers.
2．What are employers expected to do
A．Plan fire escape routes. B．Improve the working conditions.
C．Provide flashlights to their workers. D．Have their workers trained in fire safety.
3．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To compare online fire safety courses.
B．To present the latest firefighting equipment.
C．To introduce how to write a fire safety policy.
D．To stress the importance of having a fire safety policy.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了消防安全政策的内容以及拥有消防安全政策的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据“What is a fire safety policy ”下文第一段中“A fire safety policy is a written paper that describes how fire dangers in your buildings will be managed and how you’ll protect people from fire if one breaks out.(消防安全政策是一份书面文件，描述如何管理建筑物中的火灾危险，以及如果发生火灾，你将如何保护人们免受火灾的伤害。)”以及第二段中“A fire safety policy is a simple way to make sure that you have all of this information recorded in one place.( 消防安全政策是确保您将所有这些信息记录在一个地方的简单方法。)”可知，消防安全政策描述了如何管理建筑物中的火灾危险以及火灾发生时如何保护人们，并且能将相关信息记录在一处，这使得处理火灾危险变得容易。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据“Looking to learn more ”中“As an employer, it’s important that all your workers are fully trained in fire safety measures so they know what to do in case of emergency.( 作为雇主，重要的是所有员工都要接受消防安全措施的全面培训，这样他们就知道在紧急情况下该怎么做。)”可知，雇主需要让所有工人接受消防安全措施的全面培训，以便他们在紧急情况下知道该怎么做。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及“Looking to learn more ”中“A range of online fire safety courses are offered, including fire manager training and fire risk assessment training, to provide workers at all levels with the necessary fire safety knowledge. (我们提供一系列网上消防安全课程，包括消防经理培训和火灾风险评估培训，为各级工人提供必要的消防安全知识。)”可知，文章开头指出任何负责建筑物的人都应确保制定并执行消防安全政策，接着介绍了消防安全政策是什么以及其中包含的预防火灾的措施，最后提到雇主应让工人接受消防安全培训，整体都是在强调制定消防安全政策的重要性。故选D项。
Passage 6
（24-25高三下·河南周口·开学考试）A team of researchers from the United States and Switzerland have reported the discovery of a previously unknown compound (化合物) in chloraminated drinking water, which is drunk by more than 113 million people in the United States.
Inorganic chloramines are commonly used to disinfect (消毒) drinking water to safeguard public health from diseases. The researchers have now identified the compound called chloronitramide anion as an end product of inorganic chloramine decomposition. While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk.
Julian Fairey, the first co-author of the paper published in Science, noted that researchers had known about the new compound for decades but had been unable to identify it. He himself began trying to uncover the mystery 10 years ago. “It’s a very stable chemical with a low molecular weight,” Fairey said. “It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was.”
Definitely, there will be questions about the health risks posed by this new compound, which could not be previously evaluated in any toxicity studies. Fairey explained, “It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. A major goal of our work is to identify these chemicals and the reaction pathways through which they form.”
Whether chloronitramide anion is linked to any cancer or other health risks will be assessed in future work by academics and regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. At the very least, toxicity studies can now be started on this compound thanks to this discovery. “Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.”
1．What can be known about the new compound from the first two paragraphs
A．Whether it is toxic or not remains unknown.
B．It has little in common with other compounds.
C．It rarely exists in chloraminated drinking water.
D．Millions of Americans are being threatened by it.
2．What did Fairey say about studying the new compound in paragraph 3
A．It was quite challenging. B．He started it just recently.
C．Most researchers opposed it. D．It was finished ten years ago.
3．Why is it necessary to study the chemicals in chloraminated drinking water
A．They make drinking water less tasty.
B．They may be harmful to human health.
C．They are used to measure water quality.
D．They generate something against cancer.
4．Which of the following shows Fairey’s opinion
A．Toxicity studies can’t be carried out currently.
B．It is not difficult to identify various compounds.
C．Chloronitramide anion gives rise to health risks.
D．The identification of the new compound is valuable.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员在氯胺消毒的饮用水中发现了一种名为氯硝酰胺阴离子的新化合物，其毒性尚不明确，但因其广泛存在和与其他有毒物质的相似性，需进一步研究其对公共健康的潜在风险。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“While its toxicity (毒性) is not presently known, its widespread existence and similarity to other toxic compounds are concerning and call for further study to assess its public health risk. (虽然目前尚不清楚其毒性，但其广泛存在以及与其他有毒化合物的相似性令人担忧，需要进一步研究以评估其公共健康风险)”可知，这种新化合物是否有毒仍不得而知。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中Fairey所说的话“It’s a chemical very difficult to find. The hardest part was identifying it and proving it was the structure we were saying it was. (这种化学物质很难找到。最困难的部分是识别它并证明它是我们所说的结构)”可知，Fairey在说明研究这种新化合物非常具有挑战性，识别其身份及证明其结构非常困难。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中Fairey所说的话“It’s well recognized that when we disinfect drinking water, there is some toxicity that’s created. A certain number of people may get cancer from drinking water over several decades. But we haven’t identified what chemicals are driving that toxicity. (众所周知，当我们给饮用水消毒时，会产生一些毒性。在几十年的时间里，一定数量的人可能会因为喝水而患上癌症。但我们还没有确定是什么化学物质导致了这种毒性)”可知，用这种方法处理的饮用水中的化学物质可能对人体健康有害，因此有必要对其进行研究。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Even if it is not toxic,” Fairey explained, “identifying it can help us understand the pathways for how other compounds are formed, including toxins. If we know how something is formed, we can potentially control it.” (“即使它没有毒性，”Fairey解释道，“识别它可以帮助我们理解包括毒素的其他化合物的形成途径。如果我们知道某种物质是如何形成的，我们就有可能控制它。”)”可知，Fairey认为识别这种物质有助于理解其他化合物的形成途径，从而控制相关化合物。因此，其观点应该是“这种新化合物的识别是有价值的”。故选D项。
Passage 7
（24-25高二上·江西·期末）Across the world, millions of people are killed or disabled in traffic accidents every year. 1 Knowing how to give first aid to accident victims can mean the difference between life and death. Here are simple steps on how to give first aid to accident victims.
Park your car to the side of the road
2 After assessing the situation, park your vehicle on the side of the road, at least 100 feet away from the accident scene. Turn your hazard (警示) lights on to warn other oncoming vehicles.
Check for danger
Your safety and that of the victim depend on this initial assessment. Look out for things like fuel flowing, smoke, unstable structures, or exposed wires. 3 By checking for danger, you create a safer environment in which you assess and provide aid to those in need.
Call emergency services
After making a quick assessment of the accident scene, call emergency services. Provide the person with whom you’re speaking with every required information to the best of your knowledge. 4 They may have additional information or observe details about the accident and victim you may have missed.
Comfort the victim
It is most likely that an accident victim is scared and may be injured. Talking to the victim and offering words of encouragement can calm him/ her until emergency services arrive. Encouraging words can comfort the soul. If possible, hold the victim’s hand. 5
A．You may shelter the victim from the sun as well.
B．First aid is the initial care given to an injured person.
C．First, ensure the safety of both the victim and yourself.
D．Encourage other witnesses to call emergency services as well.
E．Ensure to stay on the line with the operator for as long as possible.
F．This gesture can contribute to the victim’s sense of security and survival.
G．In this case, you are better off staying away and calling emergency services.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何急救事故受害者的几个简单步骤。
1．根据后文“Knowing how to give first aid to accident victims can mean the difference between life and death. Here are simple steps on how to give first aid to accident victims.( 知道如何对事故受害者进行急救可能意味着生与死的区别。以下是如何急救事故受害者的简单步骤。)” 可知，文章主要讲的是如何对事故受害者进行急救。B选项First aid is the initial care given to an injured person.( 急救是对受伤人员的初步护理。)先对急救进行了定义，引出下文关于如何对事故受害者进行急救的内容。故选B项。
2．根据后文“After assessing the situation, park your vehicle on the side of the road, at least 100 feet away from the accident scene. Turn your hazard (警示) lights on to warn other oncoming vehicles.( 在评估了情况之后，把你的车停在路边，离事故现场至少100英尺远。打开危险灯，警告其他迎面而来的车辆。)”可知，这里是在说停车到路边的一些操作，而这些操作是为了确保自己和受害者的安全，C选项First, ensure the safety of both the victim and yourself.( 首先，确保受害者和你自己的安全。)引出下文关于停车等确保安全的操作，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。
3．根据前文“Your safety and that of the victim depend on this initial assessment. Look out for things like fuel flowing, smoke, unstable structures, or exposed wires.( 你和受害者的安全取决于这个初步评估。注意燃油泄漏、烟雾、不稳定的结构或暴露的电线。)”可知，要注意像燃油泄漏、烟雾、不稳定的结构或暴露的电线等危险情况，G选项In this case, you are better off staying away and calling emergency services.( 在这种情况下，你最好远离并呼叫紧急服务。)中“In this case”指代前面提到的有危险情况，符合语境。故选G项。
4．根据前文“After making a quick assessment of the accident scene, call emergency services. Provide the person with whom you' re speaking with every required information to the best of your knowledge.( 对事故现场进行快速评估后，拨打急救电话。向与你谈话的人提供你所知道的所有必要的信息。)”以及后文“They may have additional information or observe details about the accident and victim you may have missed.( 他们可能有额外的信息或观察你可能错过的事故和受害者的细节。)”可知，这里是在说呼叫紧急服务，D选项Encourage other witnesses to call emergency services as well.( 也鼓励其他目击者呼叫紧急服务。)可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，同时“They”指代“other witnesses”，符合语境。故选D项。
5．根据前文“It is most likely that an accident victim is scared and may be injured. Talking to the victim and offering words of encouragement can calm him/ her until emergency services arrive. Encouraging words can comfort the soul. If possible, hold the victim’s hand.( 事故的受害者很可能受到惊吓而受伤。与受害者交谈并给予鼓励的话可以使他/她平静下来，直到紧急服务到来。鼓励的话可以安慰心灵。如果可能的话，握住受害者的手。)”可知，这里说的是安慰受害者，握住受害者的手，F选项This gesture can contribute to the victim’s sense of security and survival.( 这个手势可以增强受害者的安全感和生存意识。)承接上文内容，是上文内容的语意递进，同时“This gesture”指代“hold the victim’s hand”，符合语境。故选F项。
Passage 8
（2025·广东肇庆·二模）Artificial intelligence (AI) can really help with first-aid training in high schools. By providing fun and easy-to-reach practices, AI can add color to students’ learning experience. Here is how it can be useful.
· Interactive Practice
Real-life scenes. 1 For example, fires in teaching buildings, injuries caused by falling objects, stampedes (踩踏) on stairs, etc. Students can act in different emergency situations, just like in real life.
Quick response. As students do first aid in the practice, AI can give quick advice on how they are doing. 2 For example, if a student is pressing a wound wrong, AI can tell them the mistake right away and show them the correct way to do it.
Practice again and again. 3 In this way, they will get familiar with the operation and feel more confident. Each time they do the practice, AI can change the scene a bit to keep it new and challenging.
· Personalized Study
4 This makes sure each student gets the most from the training and can learn at their own speed. For example, if a student can’t do CPR right, AI can give the student detailed advice on this part. Besides, according to how a student does at the start, AI can design a learning path that focuses on what the student needs to work on.
Moreover, AI-powered online classes offer things like video lessons, hands-on games, and stories about real cases. These flexible approaches can make first-aid training easier for students who are afraid of asking questions. 5
In conclusion, by using AI in first-aid training, high schools can get students ready to handle emergencies and save lives.
A．Students can decide how to give first aid.
B．Students can do the practices many times.
C．This advice can tell whether they are doing the right steps.
D．AI provides the type of training based on what each student needs.
E．The training has improved how fast they are responding on the spot.
F．This can be good news for those who might be shy in a normal classroom.
G．AI can present different lifelike emergency scenes for students to practice.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能在高中急救培训中的作用。
1．前文“Real-life scenes. (现实生活中的场景)”表明本段介绍人工智能辅助急救培训在场景方面的优势，后文“For example, fires in teaching buildings, injuries caused by falling objects, stampedes (踩踏) on stairs, etc. (例如，教学楼的火灾、坠物造成的伤害、楼梯上的踩踏等)”列举了现实生活中的各种紧急场景，因此G项“AI can present different lifelike emergency scenes for students to practice. (人工智能可以呈现不同的逼真紧急场景供学生练习)”符合语境，指出人工智能呈现逼真的紧急场景，承接前文，后文是对其例证。故选G。
2．前文“As students do first aid in the practice, AI can give quick advice on how they are doing. (当学生在练习急救时，人工智能可以对他们的做法给出快速的建议)”指出人工智能能就学生的做法给出快速建议，后文“For example, if a student is pressing a wound wrong, AI can tell them the mistake right away and show them the correct way to do it. (例如，如果一个学生按错了伤口，人工智能可以立即告诉他们错误，并向他们展示正确的方法)”举出学生按错伤口的例子，说明人工智能可以迅速纠错并给予正确的做法，因此C项“This advice can tell whether they are doing the right steps. (这个建议可以判断他们是否在采取正确的步骤)”符合语境，阐述了建议的作用，承接前文，后文是对其例证，其中的advice在前文有同词复现。故选C。
3．前文“Practice again and again. (一次又一次地练习)”表明本段介绍人工智能辅助急救培训在练习次数方面的优势，因此B项“Students can do the practices many times. (学生可以多次进行练习)”符合语境，展开说明可以多次练习，承接前文。故选B。
4．小标题“Personalized Study (个性化学习)”表明这部分围绕培训的个性化优势展开，后文“This makes sure each student gets the most from the training and can learn at their own speed. (这确保每个学生都能从培训中获得最大的收获，并能以自己的速度学习)”指出个性化培训的好处，因此D项“AI provides the type of training based on what each student needs. (人工智能根据每个学生的需求提供相应类型的培训)”符合语境，展开说明人工智能根据需求提供个性化培训，呼应标题，引出后文。故选D。
5．前文“These flexible approaches can make first-aid training easier for students who are afraid of asking questions. (这些灵活的方法可以使那些害怕提问的学生更容易接受急救培训)”介绍这些灵活方法对怕提问的学生的好处，因此F项“This can be good news for those who might be shy in a normal classroom. (对于那些在普通课堂上可能会害羞的人来说，这可能是个好消息)”符合语境，进一步说明这些灵活方法的好处，承接前文，其中的those who might be shy in a normal classroom与前文的students who are afraid of asking questions呼应。故选F。