(共18张PPT)
Section 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading
Unit 4
Exploring literature
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
学 习 目 标
1. Grasp the structure, the figures of speech and writing skills used in the text；
2. Find the three qualities of literature by skimming the text.
活 动 方 案
Activity 1 Lead－in 话题导入
1. What is your favourite work of literature Why
__________________________________________________
2. What qualities do you think a great work of literature should have
__________________________________________________
【答案】 略
Activity 2 First－reading—Read for main ideas and structure
一读，读大意和结构
Part 1 Paras. 1. ________ The 2. _____________ to the topic
Part 2 Paras. 3. ________ Three 4. _______________of literature
Part 3 Para. 5. _________ Summary
1-2
introduction
3-5
qualities
6
Activity 3 Second－reading—Read for details 二读，读细节
Read the text again and answer the following questions.
1. What did the child hear How did the man explain what the child heard
He heard strange, low, musical sounds. The man explained that the child heard nothing strange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears.
2. What do we need to do in order to enter and enjoy the new world mentioned in the second paragraph
We need to love literature, and make an effort to explain it.
3. Finish the mind map.
Qualities of literature
description
appeal
universal
4. Why does the author give the example of a poet
He wants to prove that some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention.
5. What is universal about good literature according to the author
Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature—love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope.
6. What are the topic sentences of Paras.3-5 How did the author support the topic sentences
Topic sentences：
The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.
The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.
The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.
The author gives explanations and examples to support his opinion.
Activity 4Third－reading—Read for further thinking 三读，深入思考
1. How is the story of the child and the man related to the topic of literature
The child stands for people who love and enjoy literature.
The man stands for people who make an effort to explain and understand literature. The unnoticed music stands for the unnoticed wonder of literature.
2. Figure out the rhetorical device(修辞手法) used in the following sentences and choose the right answer.
(1) Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. (Para.2, lines 8-9)_______
C
(2) Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. (Para.2, lines 10-12)________
(3) Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. (Para.3, lines 15-17) _________
A. Simile(明喻) B. Anadiplosis(顶真) C. Parallelism(排比)
【即学即练】仿写
Use one rhetorical device to make a sentence.
Her smile was as bright as the sun. (Simile)
I came, I saw, I conquered. (Parallelism)
C＋B
A
拓展提升：常见修辞手法
(1) Analogy(类比)
Analogy is the comparison of two quite different things using literary devices like metaphors or similes, often meant to help explain a principle or idea. For example, life is like a box of chocolates—you never know what you're gonna get.类比是指运用暗喻或明喻等文学手法对两种差异显著的事物进行比较，其目的通常是帮助解释某个原理或观点。例如，生活就像一盒巧克力——你永远不知道下一块会是什么味道。
(2) Parallelism(排比)
Parallelism, also called parallel structure, is the similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.排比(也称为平行结构)是指在一对或一系列相关的词汇、短语或从句中，结构上具有相似性。
(3) Anadiplosis(顶真)
Anadiplosis is a rhetorical and literary device wherein a word or phrase at or near the end of a clause is repeated at or near the beginning of the next clause.顶真(也叫联珠法)是一种前一个分句末尾的词语或短语在紧接的后一个分句开头重复出现的修辞和文学手法。
(4) Simile(明喻)
Simile is a figure of speech in which two fundamentally different things are explicitly compared, usually in a phrase introduced by “like” or “as”．明喻是一种修辞手法，通常通过“像”或“如同”引导的短语，对两种本质上不同的事物进行明确比较。
Activity 5 Summary 课文概要
We can get a lot of benefits 1. _________ reading literature, as reading literature 2. ___________(create) a world of dreams and magic for us. 3. ______________ (enjoy) and understand literature, we should know some of its 4. _____________(significance) qualities. The first is its description of truth and beauty 5. ______________ will remain unnoticed 6. __________ some sensitive human souls bring them to our attention. The second quality is 7. _________ (it) appeal to our feelings and imagination. The third is its permanence, which contains two elements: universal interest and 8. ___________ (person) style. In summary, literature is the 9. ___________ (express) of life in forms of truth and beauty, the 10. __________(write) record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
from
creates
To enjoy
significant
that/which
until
its
personal
expression
written
1. Finish B1 on page 47 of the textbook.
2. Finish the exercises on pages 53-55 of Exercise book.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共24张PPT)
Section 3
Grammar and usage
Unit 4
Exploring literature
Modal verbs
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
学 习 目 标
1. Learn and understand modal verbs；
2. Try to use these modal verbs correctly.
活 动 方 案
Activity 1 Exploring the rules 规则探究
定义(Definition)：情态动词(modal verbs)，它们不受时态、语态和人称数的变化限制，主要用于表达说话人对动作或状态的态度、推测、能力、可能性、许可等含义，所以也可称为情态助动词。情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立做谓语，通常用于辅助句子中的实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。
Ⅰ 画出下列句子中的情态动词，并说出其意思
Suggestion What shall I read
If you are not sure what to read, you can get ideas from different sources.
You could also read book reviews in newspapers, in magazines or online.
Ability Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.
A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.
Necessity To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read.
However, you must also decide for yourself what kind of books to read.
You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.
Possibility You might have asked yourself this question more than once.
These ideas should point you in the right direction.
Over time, you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste and enjoy reading all the more.
Ⅱ 阅读课本99至101页，分析下列句子中的情态动词用法和意思
can和could
1. Jack couldn't swim when he was born but he can swim really fast now.
2. —Can the news be true
—I think it can't be true.
3. It is usually warm here in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.
4. —Can/Could I use your dictionary
—Of course. You_can use the dictionary if you like.
5. It can't be the postman at the door. It's only five o'clock.
may和might
1. Might I borrow your bike
2. —Where is he from
—He may/might be from Changsha.
3. May you get more than you wish for every year.
4. He may_well be right about the weather. You may_as_well bring an umbrella.
5. The teacher says we may leave when we've finished.
shall、should和ought to
1. Shall I pick you up tomorrow
2. You shall do as I tell you.
3. You shall have the magazine before this Friday.
4. The young should respect the old.
5. They should be there by now.
6. Why should you be so late today
7. You are his father. You ought_to take care of him.
will和would
1. I will never do that again.
2. The baby won't go to sleep.
3. We will go to the supermarket next week.
4. My mother would tell me bedtime stories until I fell asleep every day when I was a child.
5. Will you lend me your book
must和have to
1. The work must be finished as soon as possible.
2. You must be tired after such a long walk.
3. You mustn't smoke in public places.
4. —Must I be home before nine o'clock, Mum
—Yes, you must．
—No, you_needn't/don't_have_to．
5. Oh, it's too late. Sorry, I have_to go.
双性动词need和dare
1. You needn't hurry as there's plenty of time left.
2. How dare you let your little child go out alone
【答案】 略
Activity 2 Working out the rules 归纳总结
Ⅰ 情态动词用法小结
1. ____________→表能力、推测可能、建议/请求许可、有时会
2. _____________→表请求许可、推测也许、祝愿
3. _____________→表必须、推测肯定
4. ______________→表客观上的必要性，“必须，不得不”
5. ______________→表建议、应该、竟然
6. ______________→表义务应该
7. _____________→征求意见(一、三人称)、命令、警告、规章制度(二、三人称)
8. _____________→表习惯、意愿、请求或建议
can/could
may
must
have to
should
ought to
shall
will/would
Ⅱ 情态动词表示对现在情况或客观事实的否定推测
1. ___________→不可能；推测的语气相当有把握
2. _____________→不可能；语气较委婉
3. ______________________→应该不；主观判断
4. ______________________→可能不；也许不，推测表不大有把握
can't
couldn't
shouldn't/ought not to
may/might not
Ⅲ 情态动词＋have done的用法归纳
1. may/might have done→____________________
2. must have done→____________________
3. should/ought to have done→________________________
4. shouldn't/oughtn't to have done→________________________
5. needn't have done→________________________
6. could have done→____________________________
7. can't/couldn't have done→______________________
可能已经做了某事
一定做过某事
本应该做某事，却没做
本不应该做某事，却做了
本不必做某事，却做了
过去本能够做某事，却没做
过去不可能做了某事
Activity 3 Applying the rules 规则应用
Ⅰ 用情态动词完成下列句子
1. There are plenty of tomatoes in the fridge. You _____________________ buy any.
2. It's a hospital. You ___________ smoke.
3. One of our rules is that every student __________ wear school uniforms while at school.
4. If you want to learn to speak English fluently, you ___________________________ work hard.
5. Take an umbrella. It ______________________ rain later.
needn't/don't have to
mustn't
shall
should/ought to/must/have to
may/might/could
6. You ________________ leave small objects lying around. Such objects ______________________ be swallowed by children.
7. You ______________________ take your umbrella. It is not raining.
8. Returning to a book you've read many times ____________ feel like drinks with an old friend.
9. Students ______________________ first cultivate a proper attitude towards college before considering which one to attend.
10. —It's very late now. Must we finish this task today
—No, you ______________________．
mustn't/can't
may/might/could
needn't/don't have to
can/may
should/must/ought to
needn't/don't have to
11. —Do we have to finish this today
—Yes, you ______________________．
12. I was ill that day, or I ____________________ have taken part in the sports meet.
must/have to
would/could/should
Ⅱ 完成句子
1. Michael ______________________(不可能是一个警察), for he is much too stupid.
2. Although _______________________________(这听起来可能像一个简单的任务), great care is needed.
3. __________________________________(肯定有人打开了笼子). The dog couldn't have escaped on its own.
4. He can ride a bike now, but ___________________________(几周前他还不会).
5. I can't find my keys. I ____________________________________(可能把它们落在学校了) yesterday.
can't be a policeman
it may sound like a simple task
Someone must have opened the cage
he couldn't a few weeks ago
might/may/could have left them at school
6. ____________________________(这里曾有一片森林), but now there are only high buildings.
7. He ______________________(不敢) break his promise.
8. You ___________(会有) a present on your birthday.
9. She ______________________(一定是乘公交车去的).
10. I __________________(本想阅读) the article, but I was very busy then.
There used to be a forest here
dare not/doesn't dare to
shall have
must have gone by bus
would have read
1. Finish B1 and B2 on page 49 of the textbook.
2. Finish the exercises on pages 60-63 of Exercise book.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共38张PPT)
Section 2
Language focus on Reading
Unit 4
Exploring literature
The wonder of literature
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
学 习 目 标
Master the usage of some important words, phrases and sentence patterns.
活 动 方 案
Activity 1 Quick check and review 复习
The text is mainly about the significant qualities of 1. ______________， the first of which is its 2. _____________ of truth and beauty. The second quality is its 3. __________ our feelings and imagination. The third is its 4. __________. It also tells us about how to appreciate literature, which encourages us to love literature and make an effort to explain it.
From the text, we may learn that literature is the expression of life 5. ____________ truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
literature
description
appeal to
permanence
in forms of
Activity 2 Core vocabulary breakthrough 核心词汇突破
Ⅰ 词条讲解
1. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁
【原句】Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. (page 44, lines 8-9) 让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
【拓展】
appeal vi. & n．→appealing adj. 有吸引力的；有感染力的；令人感兴趣的；恳求的
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
appeal to sb for sth 向某人呼吁某事
appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力；引起某人的兴趣
appeal (to sb) against sth 就某事(向某人)提起上诉
mass/wide/popular appeal 对大众的/广泛的/普遍的吸引力
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①The company is ____________ (appeal) against the ruling.
②我呼吁大家和我一起，在今天，在每一天，都致力于和平。
I _____________ you all to join me in committing to peace, today and every day.
appealing
appeal to
2. determine vt. 确定；支配；决心 vi. 决心
【原句】The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities. (page 44, line 1-4) 第一步是确定它的一些显著特质。
【拓展】
determine vt. & vi.→determined adj. 决心；决意；坚决的
→determination n. 决心
determine to do sth 决定做某事(强调动作)＝make up one's mind to do sth
be determined to do sth 决心做某事(强调状态)
determine on/upon 决定
【即学即练】单句填空
①He fought the illness with courage and __________________(determine).
②______________(determine) to make no compromise(妥协), he sticks to his point.
determination
Determined
3. significant adj. 有重要意义的，显著的
【原句】… some of its significant qualities. (page 44, line 1-4) ……它的一些显著特质。
【拓展】
significant adj.→significance n. (尤指对将来有影响的)重要性，意义
→significantly adv. 意味深长地；显著地
a significant improvement 显著的改进
be of significance/importance 意义重大；具有重大意义的
It is significant that … 很明显……
【即学即练】完成句子
①很明显，女生的考试成绩一般比男生的好。
_________________ girls generally do better in examinations than boys.
②父母的爱和关怀对孩子是非常重要的。
Parents' love and caring are ______________________ for children.
It is significant that
of great significance
4. description n. 描述，形容，说明
【原句】The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. (page 45, line 1-5) 文学的首要特质在于其对真与美的描绘。
【拓展】
description n．→describe vt. 描述；形容；描绘→descriptive adj. 叙述的；描写性的
→describable adj. 可记述的；可描写的
describe sb/sth to sb 向某人描述某人/某物
describe sb/sth as 把某人/某物描述为
give a detailed/full description of 对……进行详细的/全面的描述
【即学即练】单句填空
①His novels nicely ____________(description) life in Britain between the wars.
②Jim was____________(description) by his colleagues as “unusual”.
describe
described
5. reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思
【原句】Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.(page 45, lines 15-17) 有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
【拓展】
reflect vt. & vi.→reflection n. 反射；沉思；映像
reflect sth from sth 从某物反射某物
reflect on/upon sth 仔细思考；反省某事
on reflection 仔细思考
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①Your clothes are often a ____________ of your personality.
②他的脸映照在镜子里。
His face ________________ in the mirror.
reflection
was reflected
6. contain vt. 包含，含有，容纳 [生义] vt. 控制，抑制
【原句】To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.(page 45, lines 26-27) 为实现这一点，它应包含两个要素：普遍兴趣和个人风格。
【拓展】
contain vt.→container n. 集装箱；容器
【即学即练】单句填空
①This drink doesn't ____________(contain) any alcohol.
②She was unable ______________(contain) her excitement.
contain
to contain
7. summary n. 总结，概括，概要
【原句】In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.(page 45, lines 31-32) 总之，文学是以真和美的形式来表达生活的，是人类思想和情感的书面记录，是人类灵魂的历史。
【拓展】
summary n．→summarize vt. & vi. 总结；概述
in summary 总的来说
to sum up/to summarize 总之；总的来说
【即学即练】单句填空
Let's make a _______________(summarize) for today's lesson.
summary
Ⅱ 短语讲解
1. devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身
【原句】My meaning simply is … that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely …(page 43) 我的意思只是……无论我专心做什么事，我都是全身心投入的。
【拓展】
devote vt.献身，专心，致力→devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
→devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；挚爱
devote one's time/life/money/energy to (doing) sth 把某人的时间/一生/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事
be devoted to (doing) sth 致力(献身)于(做)某事
a devoted son/friend/fan 孝子/忠诚的朋友/狂热的崇拜者
【即学即练】完成句子
①我们献身于世界和平是值得的。
It is worthwhile ______________________ world peace.
②她全身心投入工作，几乎没有闲暇。
Her ______________ the job left her with very little free time.
to devote ourselves to
devotion to
2. in store (for sb) 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)
【原句】Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. (page 44, lines 7-8) 当我们开始学习文学时，我们可能就会有一些像这样的体验。
【拓展】
store n. 商店；贮存物 vt. 贮藏；存储
put sth in store＝store away 储备；贮藏
【即学即练】完成句子
①他已经储藏了近一吨的马铃薯。
He's _____________ nearly one ton of potatoes.
②有时候她不知道等待她的将是什么命运。
Sometimes she wondered what fate had ___________ for her next.
stored away
in store
3. draw on 凭借，利用
【原句】No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time. (page 47) 毫无疑问，曹雪芹利用自己的亲身经历，详细描绘了那个时代的生活图景。
【拓展】
draw (drew, drawn) vt. & vi. 绘画，绘制；拉，拖；引起；吸引→drawing n. 图画；素描画；绘画(艺术)；制图(技巧)
draw back 移开；后退
draw back from 退缩；撤回
draw … into (doing) sth 使……卷入(做)某事，使……参与(做)某事
draw sb in 吸引某人
【即学即练】完成句子
①凭借着从她的童年记忆中获取的丰富故事，那个作家赢得了数百万孩子的心。
The writer has won the hearts of millions of children with the rich stories ______________ her childhood memories.
②章程草案引起了广泛的公众关注。
The draft regulation has __________________________．
③我们撤回了对邻居的起诉。
We _______________ from taking our neighbours to court.
drawing on
drawn wide public concern
drew back
Activity 3 Analysis and imitation of complex sentences
长难句分析和仿写
1. A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. (page 44, lines 1-2) 一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上走着，这时孩子发现了一个贝壳，并将它举到耳边。
【句式】sb was/were doing … when(＋过去时) …表示“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。when是并列连词，引导两个并列句，相当于and then或and at that time。
【即学即练】单句填空/仿写
①We were swimming in the lake ______________________ suddenly the storm started.
②他正准备上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。
He was going to bed when the telephone rang.
when
2. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. (page 44, lines 5-6) 令孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新世界，而是原来的世界中未被注意到的音乐。
【句式】本句中What引导主语从句，句中还含有并列连词not … but …引导的表语。
归纳句式：What＋情绪动词＋sb＋was＋表语
延伸句式：What＋情绪动词＋sb＋was＋that从句
【即学即练】仿写
令班主任恼火的是他又迟到了。
What annoyed the class teacher was that he was late again.
3. Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. (page 44, lines 7-8) 当我们开始学习文学时，我们可能就会有一些这样的体验。
【句式】in store for sb 意为“即将发生在某人身上，等待着某人”。
【即学即练】仿写
谁知道总统将要面临什么？
Who knows what lies in store for the president？
4. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. (page 44, lines 10-12) 每本书的背后都有一个人，此人的背后是一个族群，这个族群的背后是自然和社会环境。
【句式】介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词(短语)时，句子用全部倒装。本句中behind every book、behind the man 和 behind the race都是介词短语，且主语分别为名词(短语)a man、the race和the natural and social environments。
【拓展】
here、there、now、then、out、in、up、down、away、on the wall、in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语是名词(短语)时，句子用全部倒装。
【即学即练】仿写
那里站着一个他从未见过的女孩。
There stood a girl he had never seen before.
5. In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. (page 44, lines 13-14) 总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
【句式】本句中where引导的定语从句修饰先行词a point，point意为“情形，地步，状态，阶段”。where是个关系副词，指代的先行词只能是表示具体或者抽象的地点(或者地方、位置和抽象化的情况、情形、状态等)的名词如case、condition、situation、position、point、stage等。
【即学即练】仿写
我已经到了不在乎的地步了。
I've reached the point/stage where I just don't care any more.
Activity 4 Building your language 语言知识拓展
Learn B2 and B3 on page 47, and then finish the following exercises.
1. Find the synonyms and antonyms in the article and think of more on your own.
Synonyms
attraction—appeal low—faint love—enjoy unnoticed—hidden significant—important damage—destroy goal—aim
Antonyms
joy—sadness new—old love—hate important—unimportant begin—end start—stop well—badly
2. Find the examples in the article, and then give an example of an ancient classic work that also has an influence on life today.
For example, Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina can still teach us not to build our own happiness on someone else's pain.
Activity 5 Consolidation and feedback 巩固反馈
Ⅰ 单句填空
1. Please inform us if there are any _____________ (significance) changes in your plans.
2. I'm afraid I haven't got a very good __________ (sensitive) of direction, so I easily get lost.
3. ___________(enjoy) the convenience of online shopping, many senior citizens start to use the Internet.
4. The likely reactions of the market need to be reflected _______________ before we act.
5. I have determined _____________ working as a volunteer.
significant
sense
To enjoy
on/upon
on/upon
6. I found an envelope ____________(contain) a one－hundred－dollar bill on my way home.
7. As a tourist _______________， the mountains are ______________ to tourists from far away with its uniqueness.(attract)
8. His __________ to his family is touching and he is also ____________ to his job.(devote)
9. They organized a __________ of activities, _____________ from games to singing and dancing.(range)
10. The village is ____________ as distant, but its beauty is beyond ______________．(describe)
containing
attraction
attractive
devotion
devoted
range
ranging
described
description
Ⅱ 句子翻译
1. 我们急切呼吁应采取措施应对这种情况。(appeal)
We make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to deal/cope with the situation.
2. 她的容貌让他惊叹，而更让他惊讶的是她的才智。(名词性从句)
What amazed him even more than her appearance was her intelligence.
3. 他到了无路可走的地步。(定语从句)
He reached a point where there was no more road to follow.
4. 一位年轻人坐在窗户旁边，手里拿着一本杂志。(倒装句)
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
1. Try to remember these useful expressions learnt in this class.
2. Finish the exercises on pages 56-59 of Exercise book.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共23张PPT)
Section 4
Integrated skills
Unit 4
Exploring literature
Recommending books to the school library
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
学 习 目 标
1. Distinguish different types of literature and their characteristics；
2. Analyse the popularity of different types of literature among students and explore the reasons；
3. Discuss what books to recommend to the school library；
4. Compose a formal letter to recommend books to the school library.
活 动 方 案
Activity 1 Reading 读
1. First list some common types of literature. Then read the PPT slides on page 50, understand the features of each type and complete the following form.
Types of literature Similarity Differences and features
Novel story long and (1) _______________； with many characters;
characters are created; artistic expression；
including several or many chapters
detailed
Types of literature Similarity Differences and features
Short story story short; with a few characters;
characters are created; artistic expression;
with a surprising end
Play story written for (2) ______________ on the stage;
made up of (3) ________ and stage directions
Poetry / beautiful and (4) __________ language to express feelings or describe situations;
written in (5) ___________ lines
performance
dialogues
artistic
separate
Types of literature Similarity Differences and features
Autobiography / written by the author himself/herself;
characters are real; factual recording
Biography / written by others；
characters are real; factual recording
2. Identify which types of literature the books below belong to.
(1) 《雷雨》——______________________
(2) 《孔乙己》——____________________
(3) 《三国演义》——__________________
(4) 《飞鸟集》——____________________
Play
Short story
Novel
Poetry
Activity 2 Listening听
1. Watch the video and complete the chart on P51.
2. Watch the video again and complete the notes on P51.
【答案】 略
Activity 3 Speaking说
Pair discussion: What types of books do you think the school library should buy
First, learn the tips about making recommendations. Then, note down your recommendations and reasons which you could include in your conversation.
【答案】 略
Activity 4 Writing写
1. Read part D on page 52 and learn about the structure, format and language.
2. When writing a recommendation letter, you can follow the structure like this：
Dear ，
Knowing that__________________________________， I am eagerly writing to recommend a novel called____________________ to you.(表明写信目的)
The reasons why I recommend it are as follows. To begin with, ______________________________________. In addition, ________________. Last but not least, __________________________．(给出推荐理由)
In summary, ___________________________________.(希望对方采纳)
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
3. Match the word with its meaning.
(1) recommend / rek 'mend/
(2) beneficial / ben 'f l/
(3) dynasty / 'd n sti/
(4) capable / 'ke p bl/
(5) appreciate / ' pri ie t/
(6) enable / 'ne bl/
adj. 有益的，有用的
adj. 有能力，有才能；能力强的
vt. 推荐，举荐；劝告，建议
vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢
vt. 使能够，使可行
n. 朝，代；王朝
4. Understand the following phrases.
(1)喜爱，被……吸引______________________
(2)清朝____________________
(3)某人做某事的原因是……_______________________________
(4)有利于____________________
(5)使某人能够做某事______________________
(6)乐于做某事____________________
(7)举几个例子______________________
(8)很受欢迎____________________
go for
the Qing Dynasty
the reasons why sb does sth are
be beneficial to
enable sb to do sth
be pleased to do sth
to name a few
enjoy great popularity
5. Have a practice.
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件说他对中国小说很感兴趣，请你给他回一封邮件，向他推荐一本中国小说。内容包括：
1. 小说名称；
2. 推荐的原因；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
审题
步骤一：审题，明确体裁——____________________
步骤二：确定时态、人称——__________________________________________
步骤三：布局文章框架
步骤四：列出核心要点
谋篇
Dear Peter，
I'm glad to hear that _______________________________________. I'd like to recommend _________________________________________．(说明写信事由和所推荐小说的名称)
推荐信
一般现在时，第一、第三人称为主
you're interested in Chinese novels
a classic to you—A Dream of Red Mansions
A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic novel ____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. I highly recommend this novel because ___________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________．(简要介绍推荐对象的内容、特点和推荐原因)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________．(表达祝愿)
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
by Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty. The novel tells the story of the rise and fall of the Jia family, reflecting the decline of the feudal(封建的) society in China
it offers a deep insight into Chinese culture and presents a rich and complex world of characters and emotions. The language is poetic, and the descriptions are so vivid that you will feel as if you are right there in the story
Please let me know your thoughts after you finish reading. I'm looking forward to discussing it with you
6. Check your writing.
Remember to check your writing after you finish and exchange drafts between you and your partner. Pay attention to the following aspects：
□Punctuation □ Spelling □Grammar
□ Choice of words □ Style (formal/informal) □ Structure
1. Polish up your writing.
2. Try to remember the expressions for making recommendations.
3. Finish the exercises on pages 64-67 of Exercise book.
课后拓展：文体常识
一、 文体特点
推荐信(a recommendation letter)是常用的一种书信文体，目的是向其他人或组织推荐某物或某人。作者的推荐对象应具有鲜明突出的特征和优秀品质。推荐信的用语要简洁，具有说服力，且内容应真实可信。
二、 常用句式
(1) 首段
①I'm writing to recommend to you a novel A Tale of Two Cities written by Charles Dickens.
我写信向你推荐查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《双城记》。
②I feel greatly honored to recommend to you a book on the history of China.
我很荣幸向您推荐一本关于中国历史的书。
③Learning that you are looking for a good book about Chinese history, I'd like to recommend one to you.
得知你正在寻找一本关于中国历史的好书，我想向你推荐一本。
(2) 主体段
①It is universally acknowledged that this is one of the best novels about contemporary rural life.
人们公认，这是一部反映当代农村生活的最佳小说之一。
②The book is of great help for us to learn about the history of the Tang Dynasty.
这本书对我们了解唐朝历史很有帮助。
(3) 尾段
①In a word, I would appreciate it if you could consider my recommendation.
总之，如果你能考虑我的推荐，我将不胜感激。
②Based on the above facts, I strongly recommend the book to you.
基于以上事实，我强烈向你推荐这本书。
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching(共38张PPT)
Section 5
Extended reading & Project
Unit 4
Exploring literature
The Old Man and the Sea
内容索引
学习目标
活动方案
学 习 目 标
1. Understand the text “The Old Man and the Sea” by skimming & scanning;
2. Master the usage of some important words, phrases and sentence patterns；
3. Retell the text in your own words and write a summary of it.
活 动 方 案
Activity 1 Reading comprehension 阅读理解
Ⅰ Read for the main idea and structure
1. Fill in the following blanks with proper words.
The Old Man and the Sea(Excerpt) Background A fisherman (1) _____________ to catch a huge fish.
(2) ____________ Santiago, an aged fisherman; a huge fish.
Plot Several (3) ___________ between the old man and the fish.
Theme Tough men can be destroyed (4)________ not defeated.
attempted
Characters
battles
but
2. Read the text quickly and find how many rounds the old man battled with the fish.
Rounds Lines
First round Lines 7-11
Second round Lines (1) ______________________
Third round Lines (2) ______________________
Fourth & Fifth rounds Lines (3) ______________________
Sixth round Lines (4) ______________________
Seventh round Lines (5) ______________________
12-24
25-33
34-36
37-40
41-42
Ⅱ Read for details
1. Read the text carefully and finish the exercises.
(1) What is Hemingway well thought of for
He is well thought of for his unique writing style.
(2) Did the old man feel disappointed after the two rounds' failure
No, he didn't. From his words we can see that he was sure of the fact that the fish was bound to die, indicating that the old man was still confident of winning.
2. Choose the best answer according to the text.
(1) Which can be used to describe the old fisherman
A. Humorous and outgoing. B. Tough and determined.
C. Considerate and helpful. D. Stubborn and unkind.
(2) Why did the old man keep talking to himself while fighting against the fish
A. To rescue himself from great pressure.
B. To remind himself of the hidden danger.
C. To prevent himself from feeling tired.
D. To give himself constant encouragement.
(3) What is the tone(基调) of the story
A. Happy. B. Joyful. C. Humorous. D. Heroic(英勇的).
【答案】 (1) B (2) D (3) D
Activity 2 Core vocabulary breakthrough 核心词汇突破
Ⅰ 词条讲解
1. extremely adv. 极其，非常，极端
【原句】He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men … (page 53, lines 2-3) 他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历……
【拓展】
extremely adv.→extreme adj. 极度的；偏激的；尽头的 n. 极端；极度；极限
extremely important 非常重要
extreme circumstances 极端情况
extreme poverty 极端贫穷
in the extreme 非常；极度
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
① He was a strict critic but an _____________(extreme) kind man.
② 孩子只有在极端情况下才会被带离其父母身边。
Children will be removed from their parents only in ______________________．
extremely
extreme circumstances
2. destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭，破坏
【原句】… who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”. (page 53, line 3) ……他认为那些硬汉“可以被摧毁但不能被打败”。
【拓展】
destroy vt.→destruction n. 摧毁，毁灭，破坏→destructive adj. 毁灭性的；引起破坏的→destroyer n. 破坏者，消灭者
【即学即练】单句填空
①There is worldwide concern about the _______________ (destroy) of the rainforests.
②All hopes of a peaceful settlement were ______________ (destroy) by his speech.
③He was unable to contain his own ________________(destroy) feelings.
destruction
destroyed
destructive
3. attempt vt. & n. 努力，尝试，试图
【原句】After coming in empty－handed for eighty－four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. (page 53, lines 5-6) 在84天的空手而归之后，Santiago试图捕一条大鱼。
【拓展】
attempt vt.→attempted adj. (犯罪或非法行为)未遂的
attempt to do sth＝try to do sth＝seek to do sth 努力/试图做某事
make an attempt to do sth/at doing sth 试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth 为了做某事
at the/one's first attempt 第一次尝试
an attempted murder/escape 谋杀/逃跑未遂
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①I passed my driving test ______ the first attempt.
②A man is being questioned in relation to the ____________ (attempt) murder.
③______________ (attempt) to open very old books and records without damaging them can be difficult.
④为削减费用，两家工厂被关闭。
Two factories were closed _______________ cut costs.
at
attempted
Attempting
in an attempt to
4. confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
【原句】Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought. (page 54, line 30) 你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他心想。
【拓展】
confused adj.→confusion n. 困惑；混淆； 混乱(状态)
→confusing adj. 令人迷惑的；难以理解的
be confused about 对……感到困惑
confuse A with/and B 将A和B混淆
in confusion 困窘地
【即学即练】单句填空
①We can see from his _____________ look that he gets _______________ about this _______________ problem. (confuse)
②Be careful not to confuse “abroad” _____________ “aboard”. The two words are very similar.
③His answer to my question only added to my ______________ (confuse); that's why you found me ______ confusion that day.
confused
confused
confusing
with/and
confusion
in
5. achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成
【原句】Achievements (P55, 小标题)
【拓展】
achievement n．→achieve vt. 达到；完成
→achievable adj. 可实现的
achieve success 获得成功
achieve one's goal/dream 达到某人的目标/实现某人的梦想
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①China national women's volleyball team made great ________________ (achieve), making them a symbol of the spirit of China.
②为了实现他的目标，David把他大部分时间都倾注在了他的生意上。
In order to __________________， David devoted most of his time to his business.
③在过去的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。
In the last few years, China _________________________________ in environmental protection.
④即使是一个小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。
Even a small success gives you ____________________．
achievements
achieve his goal
has made great achievements
a sense of achievement
Ⅱ 短语讲解
1. be well thought of 受敬重的，令人钦佩的，受喜爱的
【原句】Ernest Hemingway(18991961), an American writer of novels and short stories, is well thought of for his unique writing style. (page 53, lines 1-2) 海明威(1899—1961)，美国小说和短篇故事作家，因其独特的写作风格而深受喜爱。
【拓展】
think highly of sb 高度评价某人
at the thought of … 一想起……就
be lost in thought 陷入深思
on second thought(s) (表示已改变想法)又一想，转念一想
without a second thought 立即，马上，不假思索
【即学即练】完成句子
①他工作效率很高，大家都很钦佩他。
He was efficient at his job and ______________________ by everyone.
②起初我不同意，但转念一想，我意识到她是对的。
At first I disagreed, but ______________________ I realized she was right.
③他陷入了沉思，差点撞上一个提着重箱子的男人。
_________________， he almost knocked into a man who carried a heavy box.
well thought of
on second thought(s)
Lost in thought
2. clear up (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；澄清；解决；(天气)放晴
【原句】“Clear up, head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear. (page 54, line 33) “清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说道。
【拓展】
clear adj. 清晰易懂的；晴朗的；明白的；显然的；无障碍的 vt. & vi. 清除；使人离开；不再受阻；变晴，转晴
be clear about 明白
make it clear that 弄清楚
a clear day 晴天
clear away 清除
clear out 迅速离开；把……清出
【语境理解】
①I don't mind you using the kitchen as long as you clear up afterwards.
只要你事后清理干净，我不介意你用厨房。
②I spent nearly an hour clearing up the room after the children's party.
孩子们的聚会结束后，我花了近一个小时整理房间。
③There are a couple of points we need to clear up before the meeting begins.
开会前，我们需要澄清几点。
④It is raining now, but I think it will clear up soon.
现在还在下雨，不过我想天很快就会放晴。
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①It has rained cats and dogs for days. I hope it will clear __________ next week.
②Let's clear _________ this problem before we move to another.
③我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施来制止污染。
We must _______________ to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.
up
up
make it clear
3. be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事 (通常后接when从句，表示“这时/突然……”)
【原句】He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time. (page 54, lines 35-36) 每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。
【拓展】
point vt. & vi. 指向；瞄准；对着；朝向；(意思上)指向；指点 n. 观点；重点；意图；具体细节(或事实)；特点；时刻
be on the point of doing … when … 正要做……这时……
be about to do … when … 正要做……这时……
make a point of doing sth 特意去做某事
There be no/little point in doing sth 做某事没有意义
off the point 不切题，离题
to the point 直截了当，切题，中肯
【即学即练】单句填空/完成句子
①I have reached a point in my life ___________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
②Some passengers were on the point of walking through one of the big halls ____________ the whole roof fell down.
③电话铃响的时候我们正准备离开。
We were ______________________ when the phone rang.
where
when
on the point of leaving
④跟Jim争论一点意义都没有。这没有任何帮助。
_____________________________________ with Jim. It won't help at all.
⑤她对我工作的评论十分贴切中肯。
Her comments on my work were very suitable and ______________．
There's no/very little point in arguing
to the point
Activity 3 Analysis and imitation of complex sentences
长难句分析和仿写
1. His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now. (page 53, lines 21-22) 他的嘴巴已经干得说不出话了，但他现在又不能伸手去拿水喝。
【句式】本句是but连接的并列句。too dry to speak意为“太干而说不出话”。其中的too … to …结构，表示“太……而不能……”。有时在too … to …结构中加上for sb/sth构成too＋adj./adv＋for sb/sth to do结构。
【拓展】
(1) too前有not或never等否定词时，整个句子表示肯定含义，意为“无论……也不过分， 越……越好”，can not be too … 意为“再……也不过分”。
(2) too后面的形容词是anxious、ready、eager、pleased、glad等表示心理活动、情感态度的词语时，句子表示肯定含义。
【即学即练】完成句子/仿写
①这本书太难我读不懂。
The book is too difficult for me ______________________．
to understand
②那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。
That is the new machine whose parts are ______________________．
③开车时，你越小心越好。
You can ______________________ to drive.
④我们太想上大学了。
We are too anxious to be admitted to universities.
too small to be seen
not/never be too careful
2. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. (page 54, lines 27-29) 我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。(你是我见过的最大、最美、最高贵的东西，老兄。)
【句式】本句是Never提前置于句首的部分倒装句。本句中否定词never和比较级greater、more beautiful、calmer、more noble连用，表达最高级意义。
【拓展】
否定词或表示否定意义的短语，如：seldom、hardly、never、little、at no time、on no condition、by no means、in no way、in no case、under/in no circumstances等置于句首时，后面的句子通常需要部分倒装。
【即学即练】完成句子/仿写
①这种方法绝不会令人满意。
By no means _____________________________．
②我很少读到这么有趣的书。
Seldom _________________________________.
③再没有比这些更好的了。
Nothing could be better.
will this method be satisfactory
do I read such an interesting book
3. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air. (page 54, lines 37-38) 那条鱼摆正了身子，又慢慢地游开了，它的大尾巴在海面上摇来摇去。
【句式】with the great tail weaving，其中tail与weave构成主动。
【拓展】
with的复合结构：with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语，主要用来做伴随状语、原因状语、条件状语等。其中宾语可由名词、代词充当，宾语补足语可由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当。
【即学即练】完成句子/仿写
①冰箱里什么都没有了，她只好出去吃点东西。
_________________________， she had to go out to get something to eat.
②随着时间的流逝，她变得越来越焦虑。
With time going by, she grew more anxious.
With nothing left in the fridge
Activity 4 Summary课文概要
To know more about Hemingway, you ought to read one of his most famous 1. __________(novel) The Old Man and the Sea, 2. ____________ he tells the story of an old fisherman 3. __________(name) Santiago. After coming in empty－handed for eighty－four days, Santiago 4. ____________ (attempt) to catch a huge fish. So he began his struggle with the fish. 5. ______________________ he felt faint, he held on the great fish 6. __________all his strength so that he could get it over. The fish 7. ____________(right) himself and swam off with the great tail 8. ___________(weave) in the air. For several times, he felt he had been 9. _________the point of feeling himself go, but he never gave up. A man can be destroyed but not 10. ____________(defeat).
novels
where
named
attempted
Though/Although/While
with
righted
weaving
on
defeated
1. Retell the text in your own words.
2. Finish the exercises on pages 68-70 of Exercise book.
谢谢观看
Thank you for watching
