中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026北京中考英语专题
专题三 冠词
考点讲练
冠词分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an），有些情况下，名词前不加冠词，可以称作零冠词（标记为“/”）。冠词不能单独使用，必须放在名词前面，如：a boy；若名词之前有形容词修饰，冠词一般位于形容词之前，如：an honest boy。
考点1 不定冠词（a/an）
一、基本用法
用法 例句
用于首次提到的可数名词单数前，表示泛指 I saw a man in the darkness.
泛指某一类人、事或物，以区别于其他种类 It's an action movie.
表示数量“一”，相当于one My grandmother has a/one dog and two cats.
在序数词前，表示“又一；再一” If I fail this time, I will try a second time.
用于表明价格、频率、速度等，表示“每一”，相当于every once a week （一周一次） 10 kilometers an hour （每小时10千米）
拓展 使用a/an的固定搭配
①动词短语：have a good time玩得开心 have/take a walk散步
have a look/try/break看/试/休息一下
have a cold/fever/stomachache感冒/发烧/胃疼
have a hard time处于（做某事的）困难时期 make a living谋生
make a difference 有影响；起作用 take a risk冒险（做某事） take a bus乘公交车
②介词短语：in a hurry 匆忙 all of a sudden 突然 as a result 结果 in a word总而言之
③表示数量：a number of许多a lot of 很多a few几个a little/bit一点
quite a few相当多的，不少的 a couple of两个；几个 a piece of一张
④表示时间： for a long time 长期once in a while 偶尔half an hour半小时
⑤结构：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句 What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
二、a和an的区别
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词a/an的选择取决于其后单词音标的首个音素而不是单词的首字母。
拓展 常见易误用不定冠词的单词或短语
a European country a university an umbrella an unfinished letter
an honest man an hour a one-year-old baby an 8-year-old girl
an 11-floor building
考点2 定冠词（the）
用法 示例
特指上文提到的或双方都知道的人或物（需要结合上下文） I bought an English dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good. （上文提到） Pass me the salt. （双方知道）
用于形容词最高级或序数词前 注意 形容词最高级或序数词前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格时,不加冠词 Alan is the tallest boy in his class. After the game, the first thing they want to do is to take a hot bath. The dress is my nicest one.
用于表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前 the world the moon the sun the universe
在动词play（演奏）后与表示乐器的名词连用 I like playing the piano/violin.
用于表示方向、方位的名词前 Shandong lies in the north of China.
用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇二人 The Greens live next to us.
与某些形容词连用，表示“某一类人” the disabled（残疾人） the old（老年人）
用于整十年份的复数之前，表示年代 I began to learn English in the 1980s.
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall（长城） the Summer Palace（颐和园） the World Bank（世界银行）
用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 the Alps（阿尔卑斯山脉） the River Thames（泰晤士河）
用于“动词+sb.+in/on+the+身体部位”结构（此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the） A falling branch hit Tom on the head during the storm. The boy accidentally hit his friend in the face while playing basketball.
口诀助记：特指、重提和唯一，专有名词和乐器，方位、序数、最高级，请你记住定冠词。
拓展 使用the的固定搭配
①表示时间：in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/傍晚 in the daytime在白天
in the past在过去 at the beginning of... 在……的开始 in the end最终；最后
at the same time同时at the moment此时此刻at the age of...在……岁时
②表示位置：on the left/right在左/右边 in the north/south/east/west在北/南/东/西边
in the middle of...在……中间 in the distance 在远处around the world世界各地 in the way 挡道
③用于衔接或过渡： by the way 顺便说一下on the other hand另一方面
④动词短语：go to the doctor看医生make the best use of 充分利用
⑤结构： the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，越……
考点3 零冠词（不用冠词）
用法 示例
学科名词、一日三餐（前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词 a/an.如:a big dinner 一顿丰盛的晚餐.）、与play连用的球类、棋牌类名词前不加冠词 —Do you like physics —No, but I like playing basketball and chess. I usually have lunch with my classmates at school.
星期、月份、除中国传统节日外的节假日等名词（短语）前不加冠词 June 1st is Children's Day. Are you busy next Monday
一些国名、人名、街道名、广场、车站等专有名词前不加冠词 Tian'anmen Square（天安门广场） Wall Street（华尔街） Nanjing Road（南京路）
名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时不加冠词 This child likes watching cartoons.
拓展 零冠词的固定搭配
①at home在家 at noon正午 at night晚上 at first/last开始/最后 on foot步行
by car/train/ship乘汽车/火车/船on duty值日on time准时for example例如in class在上课
②go to bed/school/work上床睡觉/上学/上班 pay attention to注意 take part in参加
have fun玩得开心 learn...by heart把……背诵下来 take care of 照顾 lose weight减肥 keep in touch with...与……保持联系take pride in... 以……为骄傲make sense有意义
③day and night日日夜夜 face to face面对面 step by step一步步地side by side并排地 young and old老少
语境全突破
用适当的冠词（a, an, the, /）填空
1．He began learning it from his father when he was _ _ _ _ child.
[答案]a
2．My favorite teacher is Mr. Zhao. He has made _ _ _ _ big difference in my life.
[答案]a
3．We all went to the beach on _ _ _ _ first day and it was fantastic!
[答案]the
4．—What do you want to be when you grow up
—I want to be _ _ _ _ actor.
[答案]an
5．It's far too easy to go into _ _ _ _ new country and believe your ways are better.
[答案]a
6．It is really one of _ _ _ _ most interesting museums that I have ever visited!
[答案]the
7．Later that evening, there was _ _ _ _ knock on Ann's door.
[答案]a
8．After translating a Chinese poem into _ _ _ _ English one, Collins-Green often writes it down on a piece of paper with a brush pen.
[答案]an
9．Firstly, let your trusted friends or family know if you are having _ _ _ _ hard time.
[答案]a
10．That's because the caterpillar will become _ _ _ _ butterfly. It can fly high into the sky which can protect it.
[答案]a
11．Max began camping out in March 2020. At that time, an old neighbor of his, Rick Abbott, who was seriously ill, gave Max a tent and told him to take _ _ _ _ risk with it.
[答案]a
12．As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such _ _ _ _ house.
[答案]a
13．After _ _ _ _ two-week training, I became more skilled and got closer to them day by day.
[答案]a
14．The longer Matt played with the cat, _ _ _ _ more he liked it.
[答案]the
15．What do you usually have for _ _ _ _ breakfast
[答案]/
16．Dalian is a famous city in _ _ _ _ north of China.
[答案]the
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026北京中考英语专题
专题三 冠词
考点讲练
冠词分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an），有些情况下，名词前不加冠词，可以称作零冠词（标记为“/”）。冠词不能单独使用，必须放在名词前面，如：a boy；若名词之前有形容词修饰，冠词一般位于形容词之前，如：an honest boy。
考点1 不定冠词（a/an）
一、基本用法
用法 例句
用于首次提到的可数名词单数前，表示泛指 I saw a man in the darkness.
泛指某一类人、事或物，以区别于其他种类 It's an action movie.
表示数量“一”，相当于one My grandmother has a/one dog and two cats.
在序数词前，表示“又一；再一” If I fail this time, I will try a second time.
用于表明价格、频率、速度等，表示“每一”，相当于every once a week （一周一次） 10 kilometers an hour （每小时10千米）
拓展 使用a/an的固定搭配
①动词短语：have a good time玩得开心 have/take a walk散步
have a look/try/break看/试/休息一下
have a cold/fever/stomachache感冒/发烧/胃疼
have a hard time处于（做某事的）困难时期 make a living谋生
make a difference 有影响；起作用 take a risk冒险（做某事） take a bus乘公交车
②介词短语：in a hurry 匆忙 all of a sudden 突然 as a result 结果 in a word总而言之
③表示数量：a number of许多a lot of 很多a few几个a little/bit一点
quite a few相当多的，不少的 a couple of两个；几个 a piece of一张
④表示时间： for a long time 长期once in a while 偶尔half an hour半小时
⑤结构：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句 What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
二、a和an的区别
a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。不定冠词a/an的选择取决于其后单词音标的首个音素而不是单词的首字母。
拓展 常见易误用不定冠词的单词或短语
a European country a university an umbrella an unfinished letter
an honest man an hour a one-year-old baby an 8-year-old girl
an 11-floor building
考点2 定冠词（the）
用法 示例
特指上文提到的或双方都知道的人或物（需要结合上下文） I bought an English dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good. （上文提到） Pass me the salt. （双方知道）
用于形容词最高级或序数词前 注意 形容词最高级或序数词前面有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格时,不加冠词 Alan is the tallest boy in his class. After the game, the first thing they want to do is to take a hot bath. The dress is my nicest one.
用于表示世上独一无二的事物的名词前 the world the moon the sun the universe
在动词play（演奏）后与表示乐器的名词连用 I like playing the piano/violin.
用于表示方向、方位的名词前 Shandong lies in the north of China.
用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇二人 The Greens live next to us.
与某些形容词连用，表示“某一类人” the disabled（残疾人） the old（老年人）
用于整十年份的复数之前，表示年代 I began to learn English in the 1980s.
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前 the Great Wall（长城） the Summer Palace（颐和园） the World Bank（世界银行）
用在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 the Alps（阿尔卑斯山脉） the River Thames（泰晤士河）
用于“动词+sb.+in/on+the+身体部位”结构（此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the） A falling branch hit Tom on the head during the storm. The boy accidentally hit his friend in the face while playing basketball.
口诀助记：特指、重提和唯一，专有名词和乐器，方位、序数、最高级，请你记住定冠词。
拓展 使用the的固定搭配
①表示时间：in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/傍晚 in the daytime在白天
in the past在过去 at the beginning of... 在……的开始 in the end最终；最后
at the same time同时at the moment此时此刻at the age of...在……岁时
②表示位置：on the left/right在左/右边 in the north/south/east/west在北/南/东/西边
in the middle of...在……中间 in the distance 在远处around the world世界各地 in the way 挡道
③用于衔接或过渡： by the way 顺便说一下on the other hand另一方面
④动词短语：go to the doctor看医生make the best use of 充分利用
⑤结构： the+比较级， the+比较级 越……，越……
考点3 零冠词（不用冠词）
用法 示例
学科名词、一日三餐（前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词 a/an.如:a big dinner 一顿丰盛的晚餐.）、与play连用的球类、棋牌类名词前不加冠词 —Do you like physics —No, but I like playing basketball and chess. I usually have lunch with my classmates at school.
星期、月份、除中国传统节日外的节假日等名词（短语）前不加冠词 June 1st is Children's Day. Are you busy next Monday
一些国名、人名、街道名、广场、车站等专有名词前不加冠词 Tian'anmen Square（天安门广场） Wall Street（华尔街） Nanjing Road（南京路）
名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时不加冠词 This child likes watching cartoons.
拓展 零冠词的固定搭配
①at home在家 at noon正午 at night晚上 at first/last开始/最后 on foot步行
by car/train/ship乘汽车/火车/船on duty值日on time准时for example例如in class在上课
②go to bed/school/work上床睡觉/上学/上班 pay attention to注意 take part in参加
have fun玩得开心 learn...by heart把……背诵下来 take care of 照顾 lose weight减肥 keep in touch with...与……保持联系take pride in... 以……为骄傲make sense有意义
③day and night日日夜夜 face to face面对面 step by step一步步地side by side并排地young and old老少
语境全突破
用适当的冠词（a, an, the, /）填空
1．He began learning it from his father when he was _ _ _ _ child.
2．My favorite teacher is Mr. Zhao. He has made _ _ _ _ big difference in my life.
3．We all went to the beach on _ _ _ _ first day and it was fantastic!
4．—What do you want to be when you grow up
—I want to be _ _ _ _ actor.
5．It's far too easy to go into _ _ _ _ new country and believe your ways are better.
6．It is really one of _ _ _ _ most interesting museums that I have ever visited!
7．Later that evening, there was _ _ _ _ knock on Ann's door.
8．After translating a Chinese poem into _ _ _ _ English one, Collins-Green often writes it down on a piece of paper with a brush pen.
9．Firstly, let your trusted friends or family know if you are having _ _ _ _ hard time.
10．That's because the caterpillar will become _ _ _ _ butterfly. It can fly high into the sky which can protect it.
11．Max began camping out in March 2020. At that time, an old neighbor of his, Rick Abbott, who was seriously ill, gave Max a tent and told him to take _ _ _ _ risk with it.
12．As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such _ _ _ _ house.
13．After _ _ _ _ two-week training, I became more skilled and got closer to them day by day.
14．The longer Matt played with the cat, _ _ _ _ more he liked it.
15．What do you usually have for _ _ _ _ breakfast
16．Dalian is a famous city in _ _ _ _ north of China.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
