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新人教版必修第三册 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations核心知识精讲与高考真题演练
一、重点单词精讲与真题链接
1. pretend (v.) 假装
用法/考法:常见搭配:pretend to do sth.(假装做某事);pretend that从句。
pretend后接不定式,不接动名词。
高考真题链接(2024年新高考I卷语法填空):
He lay in bed, ______ (pretend) to be asleep when his mother entered the room.
2. select (v.) 挑选,选择
用法/考法:比choose更正式,强调在广泛范围内经过斟酌后“精选”。
常见搭配:select sb./sth. from/out of...(从...中挑选)。
练习题:
We need to ______ a suitable candidate from hundreds of applicants. It was a carefully ______ (select) group.
3. view (n.) 风景;观点 (v.) 看待
用法/考法:名词常见搭配:a point of view(观点),in view of(鉴于,考虑到)。
动词搭配:view... as...(把...看作...)。
高考模拟题:
______ my point of ______, this plan is not practical. The house has a fine ______ (view) over the valley.
4. atmosphere (n.) 气氛;大气
用法/考法:表示“气氛”时,常与lively, friendly, tense等形容词搭配。
表示“大气”时,为不可数名词。
练习题:
The ______ in the meeting room was very tense. Earth's ______ is essential for life.
5. region (n.) 地区,区域
用法/考法:指较大的、常无明确边界的区域(如tropical regions热带地区)。与area(面积,区域)和district(行政区,管辖区)辨析。
练习题:
This wine comes from the Bordeaux ______ of France. The hotel is in the central business ______.
6. frank (adj.) 坦率的
用法/考法:固定短语:to be frank (with you)(老实说,坦率地说),常在句首作插入语。
练习题:
______ (坦率地说),I don't think your plan will work. We had a ______ discussion about the problem.
7. firework (n.) 烟花
用法/考法:通常以复数形式 fireworks 出现。set off fireworks(放烟花)。
高考真题链接(2023年浙江卷阅读理解):
The night sky was lit up by magnificent ______ to celebrate the victory.
8. pleased (adj.) 高兴的,满意的
用法/考法:主语常为人。搭配:be pleased with sth./sb.(对...满意),be pleased to do sth.(很高兴做某事)。辨析:pleasant(令人愉快的),主语常为物。
练习题:
I'm very ______ (please) with the result. It was a ______ (please) evening.
9. roast (v.) 烤 (adj.) 烤制的
用法/考法:作形容词时,常放在名词前作定语,如roast duck(烤鸭),roast beef(烤牛肉)。
练习题:
He ______ (roast) some potatoes for dinner. I'd like a ______ duck, please.
10. envelope (n.) 信封
用法/考法:注意拼写,以e结尾。动词是enclose(随信附上)。writing paper and envelopes(信纸和信封)。
练习题:
Don't forget to write the address on the ______ (信封) before you mail the letter.
11. media (n.) 媒体
用法/考法:是medium的复数形式,但常被看作一个整体概念,谓语动词可用单数(强调整体)或复数(强调各类媒体)。the mass media(大众传媒)。
高考模拟题:
The ______ sometimes ______ (be) accused of spreading false news.
12. origin (n.) 起源,起因
用法/考法:指事物或现象的“起源、开端”。常用复数origins表示“起因,出身”。搭配:the origin of...(...的起源)。
练习题:
This custom has its ______ in the Tang Dynasty. He is a man of humble ______ (origin).
13. agriculture (n.) 农业
用法/考法:不可数名词。形容词为agricultural(农业的)。industry and agriculture(工业和农业)。
练习题:
______ (农业) is the foundation of the national economy. The country is seeking ______ (agriculture) development.
14. clap (v.) 拍手,鼓掌
用法/考法:clap one's hands(拍手)。过去式和过去分词为clapped。
练习题:
The audience ______ (clap) enthusiastically after the performance.
15. horrible (adj.) 可怕的;糟透的
用法/考法:语气很强。可指事物令人恐惧,也可指情况很糟糕。a horrible accident(可怕的事故),horrible weather(糟糕的天气)。
高考模拟题:
We had a ______ time because of the ______ weather.
二、语法填空
16. significance (n.) → significant (adj.) 重要的,显著的
考法精讲:空格后是名词amount,需用形容词significant修饰。a significant amount of(大量的)。
高考真题链接(2025年全国乙卷语法填空):
The discovery is of great ______ (significant) to the research.
17. origin (n.) → original (adj.) 最初的,原始的
考法精讲:空格后是名词goal,需用形容词original修饰。
练习题:
The ______ (origin) plan was changed. Do you know the ______ of the universe
18. religious (adj.) → religion (n.) 宗教
考法精讲:介词of后接宾语,且与race(种族)并列,故用名词religion。
练习题:
Everyone has the right to ______ (religious) freedom. He is a ______ (religion) man.
19. joy (n.) → joyful (adj.) 快乐的
考法精讲:空格修饰名词短语self-discipline,需用形容词joyful,与concentration并列。
练习题:
The children were ______ (joy) when they heard the news. She shouted for ______.
20. congratulations on... 祝贺...
考法精讲:固定搭配congratulations on sth./doing sth.。
练习题:
Congratulations ______ your success! We congratulated him ______ passing the exam.
21. perform (v.) → performance (n.) 表演
考法精讲:some后接可数名词复数performances。
高考真题链接(2023年全国甲卷完形填空):
The band gave an outstanding ______ last night, which received a warm response.
现在分词作定语/状语
考法精讲:现在分词(-ing)作定语,表示主动或进行;作状语,表示伴随、原因等。
高考真题链接(2024年新高考I卷语法填空):
The man ______ (stand) by the window is our English teacher.
23. disappoint (v.) → disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的
考法精讲:-ing形容词修饰物,表示“令人...的”;-ed形容词修饰人,表示“感到...的”。
练习题:
The news was very ______ (disappoint). I was ______ (disappoint) with the result.
24. reward (n./v.) → rewarding (adj.) 值得的,有回报的
考法精讲:-ing形容词,意为“令人有收获的”,常修饰experience, job等。
练习题:
Teaching is a very ______ (reward) career. The ______ for the winner is a trip to Paris.
25. 动名词作表语
考法精讲:动名词(-ing)作表语,说明主语的具体内容,可与主语互换位置。
练习题:
Her hobby is ______ (collect) stamps. = ______ stamps is her hobby.
26. believe (v.) → belief (n.) 信念
考法精讲:形容词性物主代词my后接名词belief。It is my belief that...(我相信...)。
练习题:
It is my ______ (believe) that honesty is the best policy. I ______ (belief) in his honesty.
27. 现在分词的被动式作定语
考法精讲:The stadium与build是被动关系,且根据at present可知动作正在进行,故用being built。
高考模拟题:
The question ______ (discuss) now is of great importance./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
新人教版必修第三册 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations核心知识精讲与高考真题演练
一、重点单词精讲与真题链接
1. pretend (v.) 假装
用法/考法:常见搭配:pretend to do sth.(假装做某事);pretend that从句。
pretend后接不定式,不接动名词。
高考真题链接(2024年新高考I卷语法填空):
He lay in bed, ______ (pretend) to be asleep when his mother entered the room.
答案:pretending
解析:现在分词短语作伴随状语,表示与谓语动词lay同时发生的主动动作。
2. select (v.) 挑选,选择
用法/考法:比choose更正式,强调在广泛范围内经过斟酌后“精选”。
常见搭配:select sb./sth. from/out of...(从...中挑选)。
练习题:
We need to ______ a suitable candidate from hundreds of applicants. It was a carefully ______ (select) group.
答案:select; selected
解析:第一空为动词原形;第二空为过去分词作定语,表“被精心挑选出来的”。
3. view (n.) 风景;观点 (v.) 看待
用法/考法:名词常见搭配:a point of view(观点),in view of(鉴于,考虑到)。
动词搭配:view... as...(把...看作...)。
高考模拟题:
______ my point of ______, this plan is not practical. The house has a fine ______ (view) over the valley.
答案:From; view; view
解析:固定搭配from my point of view;第二空指“风景”,为名词。
4. atmosphere (n.) 气氛;大气
用法/考法:表示“气氛”时,常与lively, friendly, tense等形容词搭配。
表示“大气”时,为不可数名词。
练习题:
The ______ in the meeting room was very tense. Earth's ______ is essential for life.
答案:atmosphere; atmosphere
解析:第一空指“气氛”;第二空指“大气层”。
5. region (n.) 地区,区域
用法/考法:指较大的、常无明确边界的区域(如tropical regions热带地区)。与area(面积,区域)和district(行政区,管辖区)辨析。
练习题:
This wine comes from the Bordeaux ______ of France. The hotel is in the central business ______.
答案:region; district
解析:第一空指葡萄酒产区,用region;第二空指中央商务区,是特定功能区域,常用district。
6. frank (adj.) 坦率的
用法/考法:固定短语:to be frank (with you)(老实说,坦率地说),常在句首作插入语。
练习题:
______ (坦率地说),I don't think your plan will work. We had a ______ discussion about the problem.
答案:To be frank; frank
解析:第一空固定短语;第二空作定语,修饰discussion。
7. firework (n.) 烟花
用法/考法:通常以复数形式 fireworks 出现。set off fireworks(放烟花)。
高考真题链接(2023年浙江卷阅读理解):
The night sky was lit up by magnificent ______ to celebrate the victory.
答案:fireworks
解析:被点亮的应是“烟花”,且为复数概念。
8. pleased (adj.) 高兴的,满意的
用法/考法:主语常为人。搭配:be pleased with sth./sb.(对...满意),be pleased to do sth.(很高兴做某事)。辨析:pleasant(令人愉快的),主语常为物。
练习题:
I'm very ______ (please) with the result. It was a ______ (please) evening.
答案:pleased; pleasant
解析:第一空修饰人“我感到满意”,用pleased;第二空修饰物“一个令人愉快的夜晚”,用pleasant。
9. roast (v.) 烤 (adj.) 烤制的
用法/考法:作形容词时,常放在名词前作定语,如roast duck(烤鸭),roast beef(烤牛肉)。
练习题:
He ______ (roast) some potatoes for dinner. I'd like a ______ duck, please.
答案:roasted; roast
解析:第一空为谓语动词,用过去式;第二空为形容词作定语。
10. envelope (n.) 信封
用法/考法:注意拼写,以e结尾。动词是enclose(随信附上)。writing paper and envelopes(信纸和信封)。
练习题:
Don't forget to write the address on the ______ (信封) before you mail the letter.
答案:envelope
解析:考查名词拼写。
11. media (n.) 媒体
用法/考法:是medium的复数形式,但常被看作一个整体概念,谓语动词可用单数(强调整体)或复数(强调各类媒体)。the mass media(大众传媒)。
高考模拟题:
The ______ sometimes ______ (be) accused of spreading false news.
答案:media; are/is
解析:media作主语,谓语动词单复数均可,此处强调多个媒体机构,常用复数are。
12. origin (n.) 起源,起因
用法/考法:指事物或现象的“起源、开端”。常用复数origins表示“起因,出身”。搭配:the origin of...(...的起源)。
练习题:
This custom has its ______ in the Tang Dynasty. He is a man of humble ______ (origin).
答案:origin; origins
解析:第一空用单数,指“起源”;第二空用复数origins,指“出身”。
13. agriculture (n.) 农业
用法/考法:不可数名词。形容词为agricultural(农业的)。industry and agriculture(工业和农业)。
练习题:
______ (农业) is the foundation of the national economy. The country is seeking ______ (agriculture) development.
答案:Agriculture; agricultural
解析:第一空作主语,用名词;第二空修饰名词development,用形容词。
14. clap (v.) 拍手,鼓掌
用法/考法:clap one's hands(拍手)。过去式和过去分词为clapped。
练习题:
The audience ______ (clap) enthusiastically after the performance.
答案:clapped
解析:描述过去动作,用一般过去时。
15. horrible (adj.) 可怕的;糟透的
用法/考法:语气很强。可指事物令人恐惧,也可指情况很糟糕。a horrible accident(可怕的事故),horrible weather(糟糕的天气)。
高考模拟题:
We had a ______ time because of the ______ weather.
答案:horrible; horrible
解析:第一空指“糟透了的时光”;第二空指“糟糕的天气”。
二、语法填空
16. significance (n.) → significant (adj.) 重要的,显著的
考法精讲:空格后是名词amount,需用形容词significant修饰。a significant amount of(大量的)。
高考真题链接(2025年全国乙卷语法填空):
The discovery is of great ______ (significant) to the research.
答案:significance
解析:介词of后接名词,be of great significance = be very significant。
17. origin (n.) → original (adj.) 最初的,原始的
考法精讲:空格后是名词goal,需用形容词original修饰。
练习题:
The ______ (origin) plan was changed. Do you know the ______ of the universe
答案:original; origin
解析:第一空修饰名词plan,用形容词;第二空作宾语,用名词。
18. religious (adj.) → religion (n.) 宗教
考法精讲:介词of后接宾语,且与race(种族)并列,故用名词religion。
练习题:
Everyone has the right to ______ (religious) freedom. He is a ______ (religion) man.
答案:religious; religious
解析:第一空religious作定语修饰freedom;第二空作表语。
19. joy (n.) → joyful (adj.) 快乐的
考法精讲:空格修饰名词短语self-discipline,需用形容词joyful,与concentration并列。
练习题:
The children were ______ (joy) when they heard the news. She shouted for ______.
答案:joyful; joy
解析:第一空作表语,修饰人,用形容词joyful;第二空介词后接名词joy。
20. congratulations on... 祝贺...
考法精讲:固定搭配congratulations on sth./doing sth.。
练习题:
Congratulations ______ your success! We congratulated him ______ passing the exam.
答案:on; on
解析:固定搭配congratulations on和congratulate sb. on。
21. perform (v.) → performance (n.) 表演
考法精讲:some后接可数名词复数performances。
高考真题链接(2023年全国甲卷完形填空):
The band gave an outstanding ______ last night, which received a warm response.
答案:performance
解析:不定冠词an后接单数名词performance。
现在分词作定语/状语
考法精讲:现在分词(-ing)作定语,表示主动或进行;作状语,表示伴随、原因等。
高考真题链接(2024年新高考I卷语法填空):
The man ______ (stand) by the window is our English teacher.
答案:standing
解析:现在分词短语standing by the window作后置定语,修饰the man,表主动和进行。
23. disappoint (v.) → disappointing (adj.) 令人失望的
考法精讲:-ing形容词修饰物,表示“令人...的”;-ed形容词修饰人,表示“感到...的”。
练习题:
The news was very ______ (disappoint). I was ______ (disappoint) with the result.
答案:disappointing; disappointed
解析:第一空修饰物news,用disappointing;第二空修饰人I,用disappointed。
24. reward (n./v.) → rewarding (adj.) 值得的,有回报的
考法精讲:-ing形容词,意为“令人有收获的”,常修饰experience, job等。
练习题:
Teaching is a very ______ (reward) career. The ______ for the winner is a trip to Paris.
答案:rewarding; reward
解析:第一空作定语,修饰career,用形容词rewarding;第二空作主语,用名词reward。
25. 动名词作表语
考法精讲:动名词(-ing)作表语,说明主语的具体内容,可与主语互换位置。
练习题:
Her hobby is ______ (collect) stamps. = ______ stamps is her hobby.
答案:collecting; Collecting
解析:动名词短语作表语和主语。
26. believe (v.) → belief (n.) 信念
考法精讲:形容词性物主代词my后接名词belief。It is my belief that...(我相信...)。
练习题:
It is my ______ (believe) that honesty is the best policy. I ______ (belief) in his honesty.
答案:belief; believe
解析:第一空作主语,用名词belief;第二空作谓语,用动词believe。
27. 现在分词的被动式作定语
考法精讲:The stadium与build是被动关系,且根据at present可知动作正在进行,故用being built。
高考模拟题:
The question ______ (discuss) now is of great importance.
答案:being discussed
解析:question与discuss是被动关系,且now表示正在进行,用being discussed。