英语 必修 第三册 WY
Section Ⅱ Using language
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．duty n. 职责，义务；责任
2．core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)
3．boxing n. 拳击(运动)
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯
2．ensure v. 确保，保证
3．forgive v. 原谅，宽恕
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy v. 使恼怒，使烦恼→annoying adj. 令人恼火的，令人烦躁的
2．accident n. 意外事件，偶然因素→accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的→accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地
3．complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂→complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的
4．criticise v. 批评，指责→criticism n. 批评，批判；意见；评论
5．embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情→embarrass v. (使)尴尬，窘迫；使难堪，使为难→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的→embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
by__accident 偶然，意外地
写出下面句中的过去分词(短语)
1．Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.Worried__about__the__journey
2．Given better attention, the trees could grow better.Given__better__attention
3．Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity.Described__as__an__enormous__round__plate
4．When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It's kind of you.”offered__help
5．The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.begun
6．Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.Hit__by__a__lack__of__fresh__air
——Language Points——
探究一 热词
1.adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯；调整(教材P7)
adjustment n. 调整；适应；调节 adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 adjust to （doing） sth 适应/习惯（做）某事 adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应于…… adjust sth to ... 调整某物以适应…… make an adjustment/adjustments to ... 对……作出调整
【语境感知】
①After a while his eyes adjusted to the dark.
过了一会儿他的眼睛适应了黑暗。
②You will quickly adjust yourself to student life.
你将很快适应学校生活。
③We have to make an adjustment to the plan for changing situation.
我们必须根据不断变化的形势调整计划。
以上短语中的to 为介词，其后跟名词、代词、动名词形式作宾语。 to为介词的常见短语/搭配还有： be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 pay attention to 关注，注意 lead to 导致 object to 反对 When it comes to ... 谈到；论及
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She found it hard to adjust to working (work) at night.
②He will have to make major adjustments (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in the office.
③It is not easy to make an adjustment to the machine.
【学会表达】完成句子
④如果你乘航天飞船进入太空，你必须调整自己，以适应失重状态。
If you travel into space in a spaceship, you must adjust__yourself__to weightlessness.
⑤她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。
It took her a while to adjust__to__living alone.
2.ensure v. 确保，保证(教材P7)
ensure sb sth 保证/确保某人(得到)某物 ensure sb against ... 保证某人不会…… ensure that ... ＝make sure that ... 确保/保证……
【语境感知】
①She would ensure him a place in society.
她会保证他有社会地位。
②No one will ensure you against being fired if you don't work hard.
如果你不努力工作，谁也无法保证你不会被解雇。
③It is their responsibility to ensure/make sure that the rules are enforced.
他们有责任确保制度的执行。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Please ensure that all lights are switched off.
②I will ensure you against any financial losses in this deal.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我们曾尽力保证每个人都受到公平待遇。
We__tried__to__ensure/make__sure that everyone got a fair deal.
3.forgive v. 原谅，宽恕(教材P7)
forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕 forgivable adj. 可原谅的；可宽恕的 forgive sb for （doing） sth 原谅某人（做过）某事 forgive one's doing sth 原谅某人做某事 ask/beg/pray for （one's） forgiveness 请求/祈求（某人的）宽恕 forgivable mistakes 可原谅的错误
【语境感知】
①I forgave her for the mistake she had made.
我原谅了她所犯的错误。
②Forgive my interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.
请原谅我打断一下，不过我确实不同意那一点。
③He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness.
他从不认罪，也从不请求宽恕。
④It was an easily forgivable mistake.
这个错误情有可原。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I hope you will forgive me for taking your bag by mistake.
②He begged forgiveness (forgive) for what he had done.
③Mistakes are always forgivable (forgive), if one has the courage to admit them.
【学会表达】一句多译
④请原谅我的无知，这家公司到底是干什么的？
Forgive__me__for__being__ignorant,__but what exactly does the company do
＝Forgive__my__ignorance,__but what exactly does the company do
4.annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy v. 使恼怒，使烦恼→annoying adj. 令人恼火的，令人烦躁的
【语境感知】
I was really annoyed by his annoying habit, which only served to annoy everyone else in the room as well.
我真的很讨厌他那令人烦躁的习惯，这只会让房间里的其他人也感到恼火。
5.embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情→embarrass v. (使)尴尬，窘迫；使难堪，使为难→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的→embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的
【语境感知】
The embarrassing mistake he made during the presentation caused a great deal of embarrassment for him, leaving him feeling embarrassed and wishing he could turn back time.
他在演讲中犯的令人尴尬的错误使他非常难为情，这让他感到窘迫，希望时光能倒流。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Much to her embarrassment (embarrass) she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
②I was annoyed (annoy) with myself for giving in so easily.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我应该向你道歉，你一定觉得我的态度挺让人讨厌的。
I owe you an apology; you must have found my__attitude__very__annoying．
④我把他的名字忘了，感到很尴尬。
I__was__embarrassed__about forgetting his name.
——Grammar——
探究二 过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语：动词的过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，当它带了宾语或状语时，就被称作过去分词短语。
语法点1 过去分词作状语的类型
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且过去分词与句子主语之间构成被动关系。
(1)作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等，使其时间意义更明确。
Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
＝When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得教学既有趣又有意义。
(2)作原因状语
相当于原因状语从句或并列句。
Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
＝Because John was absorbed in painting, he didn't notice evening approaching.
＝John was absorbed in painting, so he didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到天快黑了。
(3)作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
＝If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
如果小心使用的话，一罐可以用六周。
(4)作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ... or等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
＝Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从未放弃希望。
(5)作方式、伴随状语
相当于and连接的并列句。
She accepted the gift, deeply moved.
＝She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.
她接受了礼物，深受感动。
有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost (迷路的)；seated (坐着的)；hidden (隐藏的)；absorbed in (专心于)；dressed in (穿着)；tired of (厌烦)。 Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell. 由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。
趁热打铁1
(1)单句语法填空
①Raised (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children, when accompanied (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
③Founded (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④Translated (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
(2)句型转换
①When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→Seen__from__the__top__of__the__hill,__the town looks more beautiful.
②Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→Deeply__moved__by__the__film,__the children began to cry.
③If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→Given__more__time,__we could do it much better.
④The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→The president of the company came to the factory, followed__by__some__workers．
语法点2 过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
①Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. (原因状语)
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
②The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. (方式状语)
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
语法点3 过去分词的独立主格结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自己主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。
Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
大部分时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
语法点4 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
巧学助记 分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题。 前后两动作，共用一主语。 主语找出后，再来判关系。 主动用 ing，被动用 ed。
①Used for a long time, the book looks old.(被动关系)
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
②Using the book, I find it very useful.(主动关系)
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。 If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×) If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√) If the thief is caught, the police will punish him/her.(√)
趁热打铁2
(1)单句语法填空
①The lecture given (give), a lively question and answer session followed.
②The factory produced many famous cars, none of them shipped (ship) abroad.
③Extra money donated (donate) to the poor, he felt very happy.
④When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
(2)完成句子
①会议结束后我们继续工作。
The__meeting__finished,__we went on working.
②老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。
Satisfied__with__what__he__had__done,__the teacher praised him in class.
③当误服时，有些药可以使人丧命。
Wrongly__taken,__some medicine can kill a person.
④灯关了，我们陷入了黑暗。
The__light__turned__off,__we were left in the dark.
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
con 共同，与……一起；表示强调 concern,__connect, conclude, control, concept
ad 去；朝向；表示加强 adjust,__adopt, admire, addition, adhere
en 在……里面；使……做某事；进入 ensure,__enable, enrich, endanger, enlarge
al 表示行为、状态；形容词词尾，……的；与……相关的；朝向；表示加强 signal,__personal, individual, hospital, metal
ment 表示行为、状态、过程 embarrassment,__achievement, agreement, apartment, equipment
二、用表格中的单词回答问题
kind quiet honest easy going (随和的)
warm big headed (自大的) cheerful funny
angry excited positive gossipy (说人闲话的)
fevered (激动的) happy indifferent (冷淡的) lonely
What kind of person are you
I am a ____________________________ girl/boy.
How does she look
She looks __________________________.
答案：略
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能——请求和拒绝
在人际交往中，礼貌得体地拒绝他人也是高情商的体现。关于请求和拒绝的对话，听力中要将重点放在请求的事件和拒绝的理由上，诸如时间、地点、人物是一定要理清理顺的。
听力原文：
Tina: Hi Kerry, have you got a minute
Kerry: Yeah, sure, Tina. What's up
Tina: Well, the thing is, I've got to leave my flat next week, but my new place won't be ready until next month. Could I stay at your place for a while
Kerry: You mean for a couple of days
Tina: Er ... not exactly. For a month.
Kerry: A month I'm afraid one month is just too long.
Tina: Oh, come on, please ...
Kerry: I'm sorry, but my room is just too small for two people. You're welcome to stay for a few days, though.
通过上面的听力原文我们可以得知，Tina是提出请求的人，Kerry是被询问的对象，Tina请求的内容是借住在Kerry家，但是Tina要借住的时间过长，Kerry只可以提供几天的时间，理由则是家里房间太小。在这段对话中，Kerry理解Tina的难处，但同时拒绝理由也很明确，也不失礼貌。
二、对话表演
A: Can I borrow these five books at once
B: Of course. The limit is ten per day. But I'll need to see your student ID please.
A: Here you are.
B: Uh oh! You can't borrow any books. The computer shows that you have a book borrowed under your name that's three weeks overdue.
A: Oh no! I lent it to a friend and forgot to get it back, so I didn't return it to you.
B: Well, the computer will not allow me to lend you any other books until that one is returned and the fine is paid.
A: What should I do now
B: You could get a friend to borrow them for you. Or, there's a copy machine right over there. Why not just copy the sections you need right away
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.core A．v. 忍受，容忍
(C)2.duty B.n. 拳击(运动)
(D)3.role C.n. 职责，义务；责任
(B)4.boxing D.n. 作用；职责
(A)5.stand E.adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.look down on A.指控某人某事
(C)7.be satisfied with B.安定下来
(A)8.accuse sb of sth C.对……感到满意
(D)9.by accident D.偶然，意外地
(B)10.settle down E.看不起
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的
2．complexity n. 复杂性，错综复杂
3．ensure v. 确保，保证
4．embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情
5．emotion n. 情感，情绪
6．accident n. 意外事件，偶然因素
7．forgive v. 原谅，宽恕
8．beloved adj. 钟爱的
9．criticise v. 批评，指责
10．adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Designed (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room.
2．The new technology, if applied (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
3．He felt embarrassed (embarrass) at being the centre of attention.
4．It took him a while to adjust to working night shifts.
5．When first introduced (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success.
6．Located (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with reasonable price.
7．Lost (lose) in thought, I was seeking to mend the relationship.
8．Treated (treat) in this way, you're sure to feel hurt.
Ⅳ.选词填空
annoy, ensure, duty, embarrass, criticise, box, adjust, behave
1．Criticised by his colleagues, he chose to keep silent.
2．The chair has an adjustable height, so you can make it as high or low as you need.
3．We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.
4．I'd just met his parents for the first time so I was on my best behaviour．
5．It's against the rules of boxing to hit below the belt.
6．Annoyed by the constant noise from the construction site, she decided to take a walk in the park to clear her mind.
7．She felt that it was her duty to tell the police about the incident.
8．My most embarrassing moment was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldn't remember.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．Bathed__in__the__sunshine (沐浴在阳光中), we jumped and cheered with joy.
2．It happened—whether__by__accident__or__design (无论是偶然还是有意为之)—that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.
3．Planted__in__rich__soil (种在肥沃的土地中), these seeds can grow fast.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．在我朋友的影响下，我决心提高我的英语口语。
Influenced__by__my__friends,__I__determined__to__improve__my__spoken__English.
2．这样的机会一旦失去，就可能永远不会再来了。
Once__lost,__such__a__chance__might__never__come__again.
3．初学者很难掌握绘画艺术。(It is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth)
It__is__difficult__for__beginners__to__master__the__art__of__painting.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
I had the most unexpected experience on my recent flight to Brazil. Shortly after takeoff, I __1__ a conversation with my seatmate, a Brazilian woman named Isabela, and we quickly discovered that we both __2__ a love for travel and adventure. Before I __3__ it, we were chatting like old friends.
As the flight attendants started __4__ dinner, Isabela turned to me with a shining smile in her eyes. “You know what？” she said. “My grandma lives near the __5__， and she prepares the most __6__ Brazilian dishes. How about skipping the tasteless airplane food and __7__ to her place for a real Brazilian feast？”
I couldn't believe my __8__！ Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country It was an __10__ I couldn't pass up. Therefore, as soon as the plane touched down, Isabela and I __11__ our way to her grandma's house, where her grandmother, a sweet woman, __12__ me as if I were a long lost relative. We enjoyed a Brazilian __13__， sharing stories of our families, cultures, and life experiences. Despite our language differences, their kindness and friendliness made me feel right at home.
As the night __14__ to a close, I thanked them warmly and hugged them goodbye. Returning to my hotel, I couldn't stop smiling. What had started as a __15__ plane conversation led to a heartwarming evening filled with laughter, love, and new friendships.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在飞往巴西的航班上与邻座巴西女士Isabela (伊莎贝拉)相识，并受邀去她奶奶家品尝地道的巴西美食的故事。
1．A.held up B．stirred up
C．teamed up D．struck up
答案：D
解析：hold up举起；stir up激起；team up组队；strike up开始。根据下文“a conversation with my seatmate”可知，作者和邻座开始了一段对话。故选D。
2．A.inspired B．shared
C．announced D．imagined
答案：B
解析：inspire鼓舞；share共享，分享；announce宣布；imagine想象。根据上文“we both”以及下文“a love for travel and adventure”可知，作者和邻座都有对旅行和冒险的热爱。故选B。
3．A.knew B．heard
C．read D．reached
答案：A
解析：根据下文“we were chatting like old friends”可知，作者和邻座不知不觉间就聊得很投机，像老朋友一样。before sb know it意为“不知不觉间”。故选A。
4．A.ordering B．accessing
C．serving D．gathering
答案：C
解析：order点餐；access访问；serve供应；gather收集。根据下文“dinner”可知，乘务员开始供应晚餐。故选C。
5．A.hotel B．airport
C．capital D．restaurant
答案：B
解析：根据下文“as soon as the plane touched down”可知，此处指Isabela的奶奶住在机场附近。故选B。
6．A.amazing B．familiar
C．generous D．commercial
答案：A
解析：amazing令人惊叹的；familiar熟悉的；generous慷慨的；commercial商业的。根据下文“How about skipping ... a real Brazilian feast？”可知，Isabela的奶奶做的巴西菜非常棒。故选A。
7．A.flying B．leading
C．heading D．moving
答案：C
解析：根据下文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者被邀请去Isabela的奶奶家享用巴西盛宴。head to意为“前往”。故选C。
8．A.luck B．eyes
C．response D．experiences
答案：A
解析：根据下文“Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country？”可知，作者被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐，感到非常幸运。故选A。
9．A.wealthy B．local
C．military D．young
答案：B
解析：wealthy富有的；local当地的；military军事的；young年轻的。根据上文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐。故选B。
10．A.advantage B．impact
C．award D．opportunity
答案：D
解析：advantage优势；impact影响；award奖励；opportunity机会。根据上文“Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country”可知，作者认为被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐是一个难得的机会。故选D。
11．A.made B．felt
C．worked D．forced
答案：A
解析：根据下文“our way to her grandma's house”可知，此处指作者和Isabela前往Isabela的奶奶家。make one's way to意为“前往”。故选A。
12．A.faced B．contacted
C．greeted D．recognized
答案：C
解析：face面对；contact联系；greet欢迎，迎接；recognize认出。根据下文“as if I were a long lost relative”可知，Isabela的奶奶热情地欢迎作者。故选C。
13．A.picnic B．breakfast
C．trip D．feast
答案：D
解析：根据上文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者和Isabela的奶奶一家享用了一顿巴西盛宴。feast意为“盛宴”。故选D。
14．A.added B．rolled
C．drew D．continued
答案：C
解析：add添加；roll滚动；draw吸引；continue继续。根据下文“to a close”可知，夜晚渐渐接近尾声。draw to a close意为“渐渐结束”。故选C。
15．A.fancy B．simple
C．serious D．boring
答案：B
解析：句意：这原本只是一段简单的飞机上的对话，却带来了一段充满欢笑、爱和新的友谊的温暖夜晚。fancy新奇的；simple简单的；serious严肃的；boring无聊的。故选B。
Ⅱ 语法填空
__1__ (locate) in downtown Washington, the Chinese American Museum, 800 meters from the White House, is the only Chinese museum in Washington, DC, the United States.
Philip Qiu, __2__ founder of the Museum, said it was established to tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country __3__ improve people's understanding of Chinese American culture.
Over the past few years, the museum __4__ (commit) to collecting, preserving, researching and displaying the history and culture of Chinese Americans. It hopes to encourage Chinese Americans to show __5__ (they) and tell and record their own stories and experiences in the US proudly.
The museum has held more than 15 high quality exhibitions with different __6__ (theme). The exhibitions include artworks from China and the US, antique documents, calligraphy and paintings and clothing, __7__ (attract) more than 150，000 visitors from all over the world.
__8__ (celebrate) the Chinese New Year, from the end of January to the beginning of February, the museum held the “Welcome to the New Year” lantern exhibition and Chinese New Year cultural display activities.
“It is always my belief __9__ human civilization is like a big family, and the culture of every nation should be respected，” Qiu said, “Cultural exchanges like this will strengthen communication between people from the two countries and enhance __10__ (friend) relations.”
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于华盛顿的唯一一家专门讲述华人历史与文化的博物馆——美国华人博物馆的相关情况。
1．答案：Located
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，(be) located in为固定搭配，表示“位于”，此处省略be，应用过去分词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Located。
2．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。Philip Qiu (裘菲立)是该博物馆的创始人，应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
3．答案：and
解析：考查连词。 tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country与improve people's understanding of Chinese American culture三者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
4．答案：has been committed
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，应用现在完成时；主语the museum为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数；be committed to为固定搭配，表示“致力于”。故填has been committed。
5．答案：themselves
解析：考查代词。设空处指代前文的Chinese Americans，应用反身代词themselves，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。
6．答案：themes
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的different可知，此处应用名词复数。故填themes。
7．答案：attracting
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，此处表示展品包括多种艺术品、古董文献、字画和服装，自然而然的结果是吸引很多游客，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填attracting。
8．答案：To celebrate
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示博物馆举办“迎新春”花灯展和中国新年文化展示活动，是为了庆祝中国新年，应用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填To celebrate。
9．答案：that
解析：考查同位语从句的连接词。设空处引导同位语从句，对belief进行补充说明，从句成分及意义完整，应用that连接。故填that。
10．答案：friendly
解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词relations，应用形容词friendly作定语。故填friendly。
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr Lin is a writing teacher in the 6th grade of the famous local school, Glendale Primary School. A few years ago, when his wife died, his entire world was turned upside down. He raised his son Henry on his own, who was in Grade 4. The father and son were unknown, but both have a heart that is always ready to help others.
To tell the truth, it is really difficult to be a popular teacher nowadays. However, Mr Lin is such a popular teacher there that nearly everyone considered him the best teacher ever they have met. He enjoys dealing with students and is good at opening their hearts. Then, he encountered a difficult student named Jonah. He recently transferred (转学) to Mr Lin's class and his father had just passed away. The poor child sat alone in the corner of the classroom, almost ignoring anyone. Mr Lin tried to communicate with him several times but failed, which he had never encountered in his previous work.
The other day, the bell for lunch rang. Instead of heading to the canteen (餐厅) like all the other children did, Jonah went to the school library by himself.
Other than the noise of the air conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight. Far in a corner, he spotted the librarian, who was too busy shelving some books to pay any attention to him. The library was near to the canteen. Jonah could hear children laughing and chatting. He wished he was outside playing with some friends but he did not let this bother him.
Suddenly, Jonah heard a sound in the corner. He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers (茶碟). “Oh dear！” he whispered. He peeked (窥视) over his shoulder again and saw a smaller boy walking towards him.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down. Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked Henry before making his way out of the library.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名小学六年级的写作老师林先生喜欢和学生打交道，善于打开他们的心扉。转学生Jonah (乔纳)的父亲刚刚去世，他不理睬任何人。林先生多次尝试与Jonah沟通都失败了。一天Jonah去了图书馆，看到一个小男孩一直看他，后来向他走来。男孩拉出Jonah旁边的椅子坐下，两人做了什么？Jonah在此后发生了什么样的变化？
[精彩范文]
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down. “I'm Henry. Why are you reading here？” he asked. Jonah looked around the library, avoiding Henry's gaze. He did not want Henry to know the real reason why he was in the library. As Jonah turned the page, he realized Henry was still sitting there, watching him steadily. “I know how you feel. Just say hello to someone today，” Henry encouraged Jonah. “I promise they'll respond. Once you've made the first move, it just gets easier.”
Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked Henry before making his way out of the library. In the hallway outside the library, a boy from Jonah's class was picking up pens and pencils that had dropped out of his pencil case. Jonah remembered what Henry had said. “Hello, I'm Jonah. Let me help you，” he offered. The boy looked up at him. “Thank you! My name is Ruben.” Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself. Of course, all of this was arranged by Mr Lin in advance. He teaches because he can watch kids grow and laugh and learn and love.
精深阅读
Victor Borge once wrote, “Laughter is the closest distance between two people.” Yet laughter isn't always positive for relationships. Think of your friend laughing at your embarrassing mistake. This kind of unshared laughter can have the opposite effect.
Now, a new study explores when laughter works as a social glue. While all genuine laughter may help us feel good, shared laughter may communicate to others that we have a similar worldview, which strengthens our relationships.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina found a way to produce shared laughter to measure experimentally how it might impact a relationship with a stranger. Participants watched a funny, not so funny, or not funny at all video while video chatting with another same sex participant. Unknown to them, the video chat displayed a pre recorded clip (片段) of someone laughing the same amount for each of the two funny videos, but only smiling occasionally during the unfunny video. This produced more shared laughter in the first situation, less shared laughter in the second, and no shared laughter in the third. Afterwards, the participants then filled out questionnaires about their sense of similarity to their video partner, and how much they liked or wanted to get to know their video partner.
Results showed that, across the different videos, the amount of shared laughter had consistent (一致的) effects on the participants' sense of similarity to the video partner—and that this, in turn, increased how much participants liked their partner and wanted to affiliate__with him or her. “For people who are laughing together, shared laughter signals that they see the world in the same way, and it momentarily improve their sense of connection，” says Sara Algoe, co author of the study.
How can we put these findings into practice Algoe suggests that relationship partners may want to find opportunities to laugh together in order to boost closeness, especially before having difficult conversations. Likewise, shared laughter could be introduced into staff meetings to make people feel more on the same page and thus become more productive.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，即共同的笑声可以作为一种社交粘合剂，增强人与人之间的关系。
1．What is the finding of the experiment
A．Laughter creates distances.
B．Laughter is a reliable social glue.
C．Unshared laughter has negative effect.
D．Shared laughter brings closeness.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While all genuine laughter ... which strengthens our relationships.(虽然所有真诚的笑声都能让我们感觉良好，但共同的笑声可以向他人传达我们有相似的世界观，从而加强我们的关系。)”可知，实验的发现是共同的笑声能带来亲密感。其中“strengthens our relationships”与D项中的“brings closeness”同义。故选D。
2．What are the participants asked to do in the experiment
A．Record the reaction to the videos.
B．Video chat with a same sex stranger.
C．Fill out questionnaires on the videos.
D．Laugh the same amount each time.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants watched a funny ... with another same sex participant.(参与者在与另一位同性参与者进行视频聊天时，观看了一段有趣、不太有趣或完全不好笑的视频。)”可知，实验要求参与者与一位同性陌生人进行视频聊天。故选B。
3．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “affiliate with” in Paragraph 4
A．Connect with. B．Turn to.
C．Agree with. D．Refer to.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后文“‘For people who are laughing together ... co author of the study.(研究的合著者萨拉·阿尔戈说：‘对于一起笑的人来说，共同的笑声表明他们以同样的方式看待世界，这暂时提升了他们的联系感。’)”可知，共同的笑声会让人们觉得彼此看法相似，从而想要与对方建立联系，所以affiliate with的意思是“与……建立联系”，与connect with意思相近。故选A。
4．In which situation is shared laughter probably used according to Algoe
A．During a court meeting.
B．After seeing a doctor.
C．Before solving conflicts.
D．When taking an exam.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Algoe suggests that ... having difficult conversations.(阿尔戈建议，关系双方可能想要找到一起笑的机会，以增进亲密感，尤其是在进行困难的对话之前。)”可推知，在解决冲突之前可能需要共同的笑声。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．distance n. 距离
2．positive adj. 良好的，有助益的
3．effect n. 作用，影响
4．impact v. 影响；冲击，撞击
5．display v. 陈列，展示；显示；显露 n. 展览；表演
(二)高频短语
6．fill__out 填写
7．sense of similarity 相似感
8．the amount of ……的数量，……的数额
9．in__turn 转而，反过来
10．put into practice 付诸实践
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．Training makes workers highly productive (product)．
12．It was so embarrassing (embarrass) having to sing in public.
13．We occasionally (occasion) meet for a drink after work.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．It is his practice to read several books a week.习惯
15．As she aged, she found that using a staff made it easier to maintain her balance and independence. 拐杖
16．It was she who first introduced the pleasures of sailing to me.使尝试，使了解
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
strengthen，increase，genuine
17．He seemed sincere enough when he said he wanted to help.genuine
18．I've gained weight recently.increased
19．The company needs to improve performance in all these areas. strengthen
(六)长难句分析
20．Algoe suggests that relationship partners may want to find opportunities to laugh together in order to boost closeness, especially before having difficult conversations.
句意：阿尔戈建议，关系双方可能想要找到一起笑的机会，以增进亲密感，尤其是在进行艰难的对话之前。
分析：主干是Algoe__suggests__that__...__find__opportunities；that引导宾语从句；to laugh together是动词不定式作后置定语；before 在句中为介词，后跟动名词短语作宾语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．We need to be on__the__same__page (意见一致) about the project's deadline.
22．He went to work by train every morning and came home in__the__same__way (以同样的方式)．
(八)仿写句子
23．Now, a new study explores when laughter works as a social glue. (when引导宾语从句)
仿写：我们开始讨论何时在该村实施农业现代化。
We__began__to__discuss__when__we__should__carry__out__the__farming__modernization__in__the__village.
1(共99张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 1 Knowing me,knowing you
单元主题：人与社会——了解你我
Section Ⅱ Using language
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．duty n. __________________
2．core adj. _____________________
3．boxing n. ____________
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．______ v. 适应，(使)习惯
2．_______ v. 确保，保证
3．________ v. 原谅，宽恕
职责，义务；责任
核心的(课程、团体等)
拳击(运动)
adjust
ensure
forgive
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．________ adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→________ v. 使恼怒，使烦恼→________ adj. 令人恼火的，令人烦躁的
2．________ n. 意外事件，偶然因素→_________ adj. 意外的，偶然的→___________ adv. 意外地，偶然地
3．__________ n. 复杂性，错综复杂→________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的
4．_______ v. 批评，指责→________ n. 批评，批判；意见；评论
5．______________ n. 尴尬，难为情→_________ v. (使)尴尬，窘迫；使难堪，使为难→___________ adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的→_____________ adj. 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
___________ 偶然，意外地
annoyed
annoy
annoying
accident
accidental
complexity
complex
criticise
criticism
embarrassment
embarrass
embarrassed
embarrassing
accidentally
by accident
自主学习 课时语法
写出下面句中的过去分词(短语)
1．Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
_______________________
2．Given better attention, the trees could grow better.
___________________
3．Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. ________________________________
Worried about the journey
Given better attention
Described as an enormous round plate
4．When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It's kind of you.”
___________
5．The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.
______
6．Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
_____________________
offered help
begun
Hit by a lack of fresh air
合作探究 课时重点
——Language Points——
探究一 热词
（一）高频词
1.adjust v. 适应，(使)习惯；调整(教材P7)
adjustment n. 调整；适应；调节
adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的
adjust to （doing） sth 适应/习惯（做）某事
adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应于……
adjust sth to ... 调整某物以适应……
make an adjustment/adjustments to ... 对……作出调整
【语境感知】
①After a while his eyes adjusted to the dark.
过了一会儿他的眼睛适应了黑暗。
②You will quickly adjust yourself to student life.
你将很快适应学校生活。
③We have to make an adjustment to the plan for changing situation.
我们必须根据不断变化的形势调整计划。
以上短语中的to 为介词，其后跟名词、代词、动名词形式作宾语。
to为介词的常见短语/搭配还有：
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
pay attention to 关注，注意
lead to 导致
object to 反对
When it comes to ... 谈到；论及
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①She found it hard to adjust to ________ (work) at night.
②He will have to make major ___________ (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in the office.
③It is not easy to make ___ adjustment to the machine.
【学会表达】完成句子
④如果你乘航天飞船进入太空，你必须调整自己，以适应失重状态。
If you travel into space in a spaceship, you must _______________ weightlessness.
⑤她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。
It took her a while to ______________ alone.
working
adjustments
an
adjust yourself to
adjust to living
2.ensure v. 确保，保证(教材P7)
ensure sb sth 保证/确保某人(得到)某物
ensure sb against ... 保证某人不会……
ensure that ... ＝make sure that ... 确保/保证……
【语境感知】
①She would ensure him a place in society.
她会保证他有社会地位。
②No one will ensure you against being fired if you don't work hard.
如果你不努力工作，谁也无法保证你不会被解雇。
③It is their responsibility to ensure/make sure that the rules are enforced.
他们有责任确保制度的执行。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Please ensure _____ all lights are switched off.
②I will ensure you _______ any financial losses in this deal.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我们曾尽力保证每个人都受到公平待遇。
_________________________ that everyone got a fair deal.
that
against
We tried to ensure/make sure
3.forgive v. 原谅，宽恕(教材P7)
forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕
forgivable adj. 可原谅的；可宽恕的
forgive sb for （doing） sth 原谅某人（做过）某事
forgive one's doing sth 原谅某人做某事
ask/beg/pray for （one's） forgiveness 请求/祈求（某人的）宽恕
forgivable mistakes 可原谅的错误
【语境感知】
①I forgave her for the mistake she had made.
我原谅了她所犯的错误。
②Forgive my interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.
请原谅我打断一下，不过我确实不同意那一点。
③He never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness.
他从不认罪，也从不请求宽恕。
④It was an easily forgivable mistake.
这个错误情有可原。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I hope you will forgive me ___ taking your bag by mistake.
②He begged __________ (forgive) for what he had done.
③Mistakes are always __________ (forgive), if one has the courage to admit them.
【学会表达】一句多译
④请原谅我的无知，这家公司到底是干什么的？
_________________________， but what exactly does the company do
＝___________________， but what exactly does the company do
for
forgiveness
forgivable
Forgive me for being ignorant
Forgive my ignorance
（二）拓展词
4.annoyed adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的→______ v. 使恼怒，使烦恼→__________ adj. 令人恼火的，令人烦躁的
【语境感知】
I was really annoyed by his annoying habit, which only served to annoy everyone else in the room as well.
我真的很讨厌他那令人烦躁的习惯，这只会让房间里的其他人也感到恼火。
annoy
annoying
5.embarrassment n. 尴尬，难为情→__________ v. (使)尴尬，窘迫；使难堪，使为难→___________ adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的→___________ adj. 使人尴尬的，使人难堪的
【语境感知】
The embarrassing mistake he made during the presentation caused a great deal of embarrassment for him, leaving him feeling embarrassed and wishing he could turn back time.
他在演讲中犯的令人尴尬的错误使他非常难为情，这让他感到窘迫，希望时光能倒流。
embarrass
embarrassed
embarrassing
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Much to her ______________ (embarrass) she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
②I was _________ (annoy) with myself for giving in so easily.
【学会表达】完成句子
③我应该向你道歉，你一定觉得我的态度挺让人讨厌的。
I owe you an apology; you must have found _______________________．
④我把他的名字忘了，感到很尴尬。
_____________________ forgetting his name.
embarrassment
annoyed
my attitude very annoying
I was embarrassed about
——Grammar——
探究二 过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语：动词的过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，当它带了宾语或状语时，就被称作过去分词短语。
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且过去分词与句子主语之间构成被动关系。
语法点1 过去分词作状语的类型
(1)作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等，使其时间意义更明确。
Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
＝When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得教学既有趣又有意义。
(2)作原因状语
相当于原因状语从句或并列句。
Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
＝Because John was absorbed in painting, he didn't notice evening approaching.
＝John was absorbed in painting, so he didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到天快黑了。
(3)作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
＝If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
如果小心使用的话，一罐可以用六周。
(4)作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ... or等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
＝Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从未放弃希望。
(5)作方式、伴随状语
相当于and连接的并列句。
She accepted the gift, deeply moved.
＝She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.
她接受了礼物，深受感动。
有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost (迷路的)；seated (坐着的)；hidden (隐藏的)；absorbed in (专心于)；dressed in (穿着)；tired of (厌烦)。
Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell.
由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。
趁热打铁1
(1)单句语法填空
①_______ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children, when ____________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
③________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④__________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
Raised
accompanied
Founded
Translated
(2)句型转换
①When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→________________________， the town looks more beautiful.
②Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→______________________， the children began to cry.
③If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→_______________， we could do it much better.
④The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→The president of the company came to the factory, ______________________．
Seen from the top of the hill
Deeply moved by the film
Given more time
followed by some workers
过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
①Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. (原因状语)
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
②The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. (方式状语)
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
语法点2 过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自己主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。
Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
大部分时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
语法点3 过去分词的独立主格结构作状语
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
语法点4 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
巧学助记 分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用 ing，被动用 ed。
无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught, the police will punish him/her.(√)
①Used for a long time, the book looks old.(被动关系)
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
②Using the book, I find it very useful.(主动关系)
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
趁热打铁2
(1)单句语法填空
①The lecture ______ (give), a lively question and answer session followed.
②The factory produced many famous cars, none of them ________ (ship) abroad.
③Extra money ________ (donate) to the poor, he felt very happy.
④When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ________ (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
given
shipped
donated
telling
(2)完成句子
①会议结束后我们继续工作。
___________________， we went on working.
②老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。
___________________________， the teacher praised him in class.
③当误服时，有些药可以使人丧命。
_____________， some medicine can kill a person.
④灯关了，我们陷入了黑暗。
_________________， we were left in the dark.
The meeting finished
Satisfied with what he had done
Wrongly taken
The light turned off
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
con _________________；表示______ ________， connect, conclude, control, concept
ad _________；表示_____ ______， adopt, admire, addition, adhere
共同，与……一起
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
强调
concern
去；朝向
加强
adjust
en ____________；使……做某事；进入 ______， enable, enrich, endanger, enlarge
al 表示___________；形容词词尾，……的；_____________；朝向；表示加强 ______， personal, individual, hospital, metal
ment 表示___________________ ______________， achievement, agreement, apartment, equipment
在……里面
ensure
行为、状态
与……相关的
signal
行为、状态、过程
embarrassment
二、用表格中的单词回答问题
What kind of person are you
I am a ___ girl/boy.
How does she look
She looks ____.
略
kind quiet honest easy going (随和的)
warm big headed (自大的) cheerful funny
angry excited positive gossipy (说人闲话的)
fevered (激动的) happy indifferent (冷淡的) lonely
略
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能——请求和拒绝
在人际交往中，礼貌得体地拒绝他人也是高情商的体现。关于请求和拒绝的对话，听力中要将重点放在请求的事件和拒绝的理由上，诸如时间、地点、人物是一定要理清理顺的。
听力原文：
Tina: Hi Kerry, have you got a minute
Kerry: Yeah, sure, Tina. What's up
Tina: Well, the thing is, I've got to leave my flat next week, but my new place won't be ready until next month. Could I stay at your place for a while
Kerry: You mean for a couple of days
Tina: Er ... not exactly. For a month.
Kerry: A month I'm afraid one month is just too long.
Tina: Oh, come on, please ...
Kerry: I'm sorry, but my room is just too small for two people. You're welcome to stay for a few days, though.
通过上面的听力原文我们可以得知，Tina是提出请求的人，Kerry是被询问的对象，Tina请求的内容是借住在Kerry家，但是Tina要借住的时间过长，Kerry只可以提供几天的时间，理由则是家里房间太小。在这段对话中，Kerry理解Tina的难处，但同时拒绝理由也很明确，也不失礼貌。
二、对话表演
A: Can I borrow these five books at once
B: Of course. The limit is ten per day. But I'll need to see your student ID please.
A: Here you are.
B: Uh oh! You can't borrow any books. The computer shows that you have a book borrowed under your name that's three weeks overdue.
A: Oh no! I lent it to a friend and forgot to get it back, so I didn't return it to you.
B: Well, the computer will not allow me to lend you any other books until that one is returned and the fine is paid.
A: What should I do now
B: You could get a friend to borrow them for you. Or, there's a copy machine right over there. Why not just copy the sections you need right away
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
( )1.core A．v. 忍受，容忍
( ) 2.duty B.n. 拳击(运动)
( ) 3.role C.n. 职责，义务；责任
( ) 4.boxing D.n. 作用；职责
( ) 5.stand E.adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
( ) 6.look down on A.指控某人某事
( ) 7.be satisfied with B.安定下来
( ) 8.accuse sb of sth C.对……感到满意
( ) 9.by accident D.偶然，意外地
( ) 10.settle down E.看不起
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．________ adj. 恼怒的，烦恼的
2．__________ n. 复杂性，错综复杂
3．______ v. 确保，保证
4．_____________ n. 尴尬，难为情
5．________ n. 情感，情绪
annoyed
complexity
ensure
embarrassment
emotion
6．________ n. 意外事件，偶然因素
7．_______ v. 原谅，宽恕
8．_______ adj. 钟爱的
9．_______ v. 批评，指责
10．______ v. 适应，(使)习惯
accident
forgive
beloved
criticise
adjust
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．________ (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room.
2．The new technology, if _______ (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
3．He felt ___________ (embarrass) at being the centre of attention.
4．It took him a while to adjust ___ working night shifts.
Designed
applied
embarrassed
to
5．When first __________ (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success.
6．________ (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with reasonable price.
7．_____ (lose) in thought, I was seeking to mend the relationship.
8．_______ (treat) in this way, you're sure to feel hurt.
introduced
Located
Lost
Treated
Ⅳ.选词填空
annoy, ensure, duty, embarrass, criticise, box, adjust, behave
1．_________ by his colleagues, he chose to keep silent.
2．The chair has an _________ height, so you can make it as high or low as you need.
3．We must ______ that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.
4．I'd just met his parents for the first time so I was on my best _________．
Criticised
adjustable
ensure
behaviour
5．It's against the rules of _______ to hit below the belt.
6．_________ by the constant noise from the construction site, she decided to take a walk in the park to clear her mind.
7．She felt that it was her _____ to tell the police about the incident.
8．My most ____________ moment was trying to introduce a woman whose name I couldn't remember.
boxing
Annoyed
duty
embarrassing
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．___________________ (沐浴在阳光中), we jumped and cheered with joy.
2．It happened—__________________________ (无论是偶然还是有意为之)—that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.
3．_________________ (种在肥沃的土地中), these seeds can grow fast.
Bathed in the sunshine
whether by accident or design
Planted in rich soil
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．在我朋友的影响下，我决心提高我的英语口语。
____________________________________________________________________
2．这样的机会一旦失去，就可能永远不会再来了。
____________________________________________________________________
3．初学者很难掌握绘画艺术。(It is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth)
____________________________________________________________________
Influenced by my friends, I determined to improve my spoken English.
Once lost, such a chance might never come again.
It is difficult for beginners to master the art of painting.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
I had the most unexpected experience on my recent flight to Brazil. Shortly after takeoff, I __1__ a conversation with my seatmate, a Brazilian woman named Isabela, and we quickly discovered that we both __2__ a love for travel and adventure. Before I __3__ it, we were chatting like old friends.
As the flight attendants started __4__ dinner, Isabela turned to me with a shining smile in her eyes. “You know what？” she said. “My grandma lives near the __5__， and she prepares the most __6__ Brazilian dishes. How about skipping the tasteless airplane food and __7__ to her place for a real Brazilian feast？”
I couldn't believe my __8__！ Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country It was an __10__ I couldn't pass up. Therefore, as soon as the plane touched down, Isabela and I __11__ our way to her grandma's house, where her grandmother, a sweet woman, __12__ me as if I were a long lost relative. We enjoyed a Brazilian __13__， sharing stories of our families, cultures, and life experiences. Despite our language differences, their kindness and friendliness made me feel right at home.
As the night __14__ to a close, I thanked them warmly and hugged them goodbye. Returning to my hotel, I couldn't stop smiling. What had started as a __15__ plane conversation led to a heartwarming evening filled with laughter, love, and new friendships.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在飞往巴西的航班上与邻座巴西女士Isabela (伊莎贝拉)相识，并受邀去她奶奶家品尝地道的巴西美食的故事。
1．A.held up B．stirred up
C．teamed up D．struck up
解析：hold up举起；stir up激起；team up组队；strike up开始。根据下文“a conversation with my seatmate”可知，作者和邻座开始了一段对话。故选D。
2．A.inspired B．shared
C．announced D．imagined
解析：inspire鼓舞；share共享，分享；announce宣布；imagine想象。根据上文“we both”以及下文“a love for travel and adventure”可知，作者和邻座都有对旅行和冒险的热爱。故选B。
3．A.knew B．heard
C．read D．reached
解析：根据下文“we were chatting like old friends”可知，作者和邻座不知不觉间就聊得很投机，像老朋友一样。before sb know it意为“不知不觉间”。故选A。
4．A.ordering B．accessing
C．serving D．gathering
解析：order点餐；access访问；serve供应；gather收集。根据下文“dinner”可知，乘务员开始供应晚餐。故选C。
5．A.hotel B．airport
C．capital D．restaurant
解析：根据下文“as soon as the plane touched down”可知，此处指Isabela的奶奶住在机场附近。故选B。
6．A.amazing B．familiar
C．generous D．commercial
解析： amazing令人惊叹的；familiar熟悉的；generous慷慨的；commercial商业的。根据下文“How about skipping ... a real Brazilian feast？”可知，Isabela的奶奶做的巴西菜非常棒。故选A。
7．A.flying B．leading
C．heading D．moving
解析：根据下文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者被邀请去Isabela的奶奶家享用巴西盛宴。head to意为“前往”。故选C。
8．A.luck B．eyes
C．response D．experiences
解析：根据下文“Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country？”可知，作者被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐，感到非常幸运。故选A。
9．A.wealthy B．local
C．military D．young
解析： wealthy富有的；local当地的；military军事的；young年轻的。根据上文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐。故选B。
10．A.advantage B．impact
C．award D．opportunity
解析： advantage优势；impact影响；award奖励；opportunity机会。根据上文“Getting invited to dine with a __9__ family in a foreign country”可知，作者认为被邀请去外国的一个当地家庭用餐是一个难得的机会。故选D。
11．A.made B．felt
C．worked D．forced
解析：根据下文“our way to her grandma's house”可知，此处指作者和Isabela前往Isabela的奶奶家。make one's way to意为“前往”。故选A。
12．A.faced B．contacted
C．greeted D．recognized
解析：face面对；contact联系；greet欢迎，迎接；recognize认出。根据下文“as if I were a long lost relative”可知，Isabela的奶奶热情地欢迎作者。故选C。
13．A.picnic B．breakfast
C．trip D．feast
解析：根据上文“to her place for a real Brazilian feast”可知，作者和Isabela的奶奶一家享用了一顿巴西盛宴。feast意为“盛宴”。故选D。
14．A.added B．rolled
C．drew D．continued
解析：add添加；roll滚动；draw吸引；continue继续。根据下文“to a close”可知，夜晚渐渐接近尾声。draw to a close意为“渐渐结束”。故选C。
15．A.fancy B．simple
C．serious D．boring
解析：句意：这原本只是一段简单的飞机上的对话，却带来了一段充满欢笑、爱和新的友谊的温暖夜晚。fancy新奇的；simple简单的；serious严肃的；boring无聊的。故选B。
Ⅱ 语法填空
__1__ (locate) in downtown Washington, the Chinese American Museum, 800 meters from the White House, is the only Chinese museum in Washington, DC, the United States.
Philip Qiu, __2__ founder of the Museum, said it was established to tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country __3__ improve people's understanding of Chinese American culture.
Over the past few years, the museum __4__ (commit) to collecting, preserving, researching and displaying the history and culture of Chinese Americans. It hopes to encourage Chinese Americans to show __5__ (they) and tell and record their own stories and experiences in the US proudly.
The museum has held more than 15 high quality exhibitions with different __6__ (theme). The exhibitions include artworks from China and the US, antique documents, calligraphy and paintings and clothing, __7__ (attract) more than 150，000 visitors from all over the world.
__8__ (celebrate) the Chinese New Year, from the end of January to the beginning of February, the museum held the “Welcome to the New Year” lantern exhibition and Chinese New Year cultural display activities.
“It is always my belief __9__ human civilization is like a big family, and the culture of every nation should be respected，” Qiu said, “Cultural exchanges like this will strengthen communication between people from the two countries and enhance __10__ (friend) relations.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于华盛顿的唯一一家专门讲述华人历史与文化的博物馆——美国华人博物馆的相关情况。
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，(be) located in为固定搭配，表示“位于”，此处省略be，应用过去分词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Located。
1．答案： Located
解析：考查冠词。Philip Qiu (裘菲立)是该博物馆的创始人，应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
2．答案： the
解析：考查连词。 tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country与improve people's understanding of Chinese American culture三者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
3．答案： and
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，应用现在完成时；主语the museum为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数；be committed to为固定搭配，表示“致力于”。故填has been committed。
4．答案： has been committed
解析：考查代词。设空处指代前文的Chinese Americans，应用反身代词themselves，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。
5．答案： themselves
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的different可知，此处应用名词复数。故填themes。
6．答案： themes
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，此处表示展品包括多种艺术品、古董文献、字画和服装，自然而然的结果是吸引很多游客，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填attracting。
7．答案： attracting
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示博物馆举办“迎新春”花灯展和中国新年文化展示活动，是为了庆祝中国新年，应用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填To celebrate。
8．答案： To celebrate
解析：考查同位语从句的连接词。设空处引导同位语从句，对belief进行补充说明，从句成分及意义完整，应用that连接。故填that。
9．答案： that
解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词relations，应用形容词friendly作定语。故填friendly。
10．答案： friendly
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr Lin is a writing teacher in the 6th grade of the famous local school, Glendale Primary School. A few years ago, when his wife died, his entire world was turned upside down. He raised his son Henry on his own, who was in Grade 4. The father and son were unknown, but both have a heart that is always ready to help others.
To tell the truth, it is really difficult to be a popular teacher nowadays. However, Mr Lin is such a popular teacher there that nearly everyone considered him the best teacher ever they have met. He enjoys dealing with students and is good at opening their hearts. Then, he encountered a difficult student named Jonah. He recently transferred (转学) to Mr Lin's class and his father had just passed away. The poor child sat alone in the corner of the classroom, almost ignoring anyone. Mr Lin tried to communicate with him several times but failed, which he had never encountered in his previous work.
The other day, the bell for lunch rang. Instead of heading to the canteen (餐厅) like all the other children did, Jonah went to the school library by himself.
Other than the noise of the air conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight. Far in a corner, he spotted the librarian, who was too busy shelving some books to pay any attention to him. The library was near to the canteen. Jonah could hear children laughing and chatting. He wished he was outside playing with some friends but he did not let this bother him.
Suddenly, Jonah heard a sound in the corner. He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers (茶碟). “Oh dear！” he whispered. He peeked (窥视) over his shoulder again and saw a smaller boy walking towards him.
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked Henry before making his way out of the library.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名小学六年级的写作老师林先生喜欢和学生打交道，善于打开他们的心扉。转学生Jonah (乔纳)的父亲刚刚去世，他不理睬任何人。林先生多次尝试与Jonah沟通都失败了。一天Jonah去了图书馆，看到一个小男孩一直看他，后来向他走来。男孩拉出Jonah旁边的椅子坐下，两人做了什么？Jonah在此后发生了什么样的变化？
[精彩范文]
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down. “I'm Henry. Why are you reading here？” he asked. Jonah looked around the library, avoiding Henry's gaze. He did not want Henry to know the real reason why he was in the library. As Jonah turned the page, he realized Henry was still sitting there, watching him steadily. “I know how you feel. Just say hello to someone today，” Henry encouraged Jonah. “I promise they'll respond. Once you've made the first move, it just gets easier.”
Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked Henry before making his way out of the library. In the hallway outside the library, a boy from Jonah's class was picking up pens and pencils that had dropped out of his pencil case. Jonah remembered what Henry had said. “Hello, I'm Jonah. Let me help you，” he offered. The boy looked up at him. “Thank you! My name is Ruben.” Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself. Of course, all of this was arranged by Mr Lin in advance. He teaches because he can watch kids grow and laugh and learn and love.
Victor Borge once wrote, “Laughter is the closest distance between two people.” Yet laughter isn't always positive for relationships. Think of your friend laughing at your embarrassing mistake. This kind of unshared laughter can have the opposite effect.
Now, a new study explores when laughter works as a social glue. While all genuine laughter may help us feel good, shared laughter may communicate to others that we have a similar worldview, which strengthens our relationships.
精深阅读
Researchers at the University of North Carolina found a way to produce shared laughter to measure experimentally how it might impact a relationship with a stranger. Participants watched a funny, not so funny, or not funny at all video while video chatting with another same sex participant. Unknown to them, the video chat displayed a pre recorded clip (片段) of someone laughing the same amount for each of the two funny videos, but only smiling occasionally during the unfunny video. This produced more shared laughter in the first situation, less shared laughter in the second, and no shared laughter in the third. Afterwards, the participants then filled out questionnaires about their sense of similarity to their video partner, and how much they liked or wanted to get to know their video partner.
Results showed that, across the different videos, the amount of shared laughter had consistent (一致的) effects on the participants' sense of similarity to the video partner—and that this, in turn, increased how much participants liked their partner and wanted to affiliate__with him or her. “For people who are laughing together, shared laughter signals that they see the world in the same way, and it momentarily improve their sense of connection，” says Sara Algoe, co author of the study.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，即共同的笑声可以作为一种社交粘合剂，增强人与人之间的关系。
How can we put these findings into practice Algoe suggests that relationship partners may want to find opportunities to laugh together in order to boost closeness, especially before having difficult conversations. Likewise, shared laughter could be introduced into staff meetings to make people feel more on the same page and thus become more productive.
1．What is the finding of the experiment
A．Laughter creates distances.
B．Laughter is a reliable social glue.
C．Unshared laughter has negative effect.
D．Shared laughter brings closeness.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While all genuine laughter ... which strengthens our relationships.(虽然所有真诚的笑声都能让我们感觉良好，但共同的笑声可以向他人传达我们有相似的世界观，从而加强我们的关系。)”可知，实验的发现是共同的笑声能带来亲密感。其中“strengthens our relationships”与D项中的“brings closeness”同义。故选D。
2．What are the participants asked to do in the experiment
A．Record the reaction to the videos.
B．Video chat with a same sex stranger.
C．Fill out questionnaires on the videos.
D．Laugh the same amount each time.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants watched a funny ... with another same sex participant.(参与者在与另一位同性参与者进行视频聊天时，观看了一段有趣、不太有趣或完全不好笑的视频。)”可知，实验要求参与者与一位同性陌生人进行视频聊天。故选B。
3．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “affiliate with” in Paragraph 4
A．Connect with. B．Turn to.
C．Agree with. D．Refer to.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后文“‘For people who are laughing together ... co author of the study.(研究的合著者萨拉·阿尔戈说：‘对于一起笑的人来说，共同的笑声表明他们以同样的方式看待世界，这暂时提升了他们的联系感。’)”可知，共同的笑声会让人们觉得彼此看法相似，从而想要与对方建立联系，所以affiliate with的意思是“与……建立联系”，与connect with意思相近。故选A。
4．In which situation is shared laughter probably used according to Algoe
A．During a court meeting.
B．After seeing a doctor.
C．Before solving conflicts.
D．When taking an exam.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Algoe suggests that ... having difficult conversations.(阿尔戈建议，关系双方可能想要找到一起笑的机会，以增进亲密感，尤其是在进行困难的对话之前。)”可推知，在解决冲突之前可能需要共同的笑声。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．________ n. 距离
2．positive adj. _________________
3．______ n. 作用，影响
4．impact v. _________________
5．_______ v. 陈列，展示；显示；显露 n. 展览；表演
distance
良好的，有助益的
effect
影响；冲击，撞击
display
(二)高频短语
6．_______ 填写
7．sense of similarity ________
8．the amount of ________________________
9．_______ 转而，反过来
10．put into practice __________
fill out
相似感
……的数量，……的数额
in turn
付诸实践
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．Training makes workers highly __________ (product)．
12．It was so ____________ (embarrass) having to sing in public.
13．We ____________(occasion) meet for a drink after work.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．It is his practice to read several books a week. ______
15．As she aged, she found that using a staff made it easier to maintain her balance and independence. _____
16．It was she who first introduced the pleasures of sailing to me.______________
productive
embarrassing
occasionally
习惯
拐杖
使尝试，使了解
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
strengthen，increase，genuine
17．He seemed sincere enough when he said he wanted to help. ________
18．I've gained weight recently. __________
19．The company needs to improve performance in all these areas. __________
genuine
increased
strengthen
(六)长难句分析
20．Algoe suggests that relationship partners may want to find opportunities to laugh together in order to boost closeness, especially before having difficult conversations.
句意：阿尔戈建议，关系双方可能想要找到一起笑的机会，以增进亲密感，尤其是在进行艰难的对话之前。
分析：主干是___________________________________；that引导______从句；to laugh together是动词不定式作___________；before 在句中为_______，后跟动名词短语作______。
Algoe suggests that ... find opportunities
宾语
后置定语
介词
宾语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．We need to be _______________(意见一致) about the project's deadline.
22．He went to work by train every morning and came home ______________ (以同样的方式)．
(八)仿写句子
23．Now, a new study explores when laughter works as a social glue. (when引导宾语从句)
仿写：我们开始讨论何时在该村实施农业现代化。
____________________________________________________________________
on the same page
in the same way
We began to discuss when we should carry out the farming modernization in the village.
