英语 必修 第三册 WY
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．zone n. 地区，地带
2．oxygen n. 氧气
3．border n. 国界，边界
4．sheer adj. 纯粹的，十足的
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．thus adv. 因此，从而
2．confirm v. 证实，证明
3．crowd n. 人群
4．attempt n. 努力，尝试
5．failure n. 失败
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．initial adj. 开始的，最初的→initially adv. 开始，最初
2．psychologist n. 心理学家→psychological adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的→psychology n. 心理学；心理特点
3．thrill n. 惊险，刺激→thrilled adj. 非常兴奋，极为激动→thrilling adj. 令人激动的，惊险的，紧张的→thriller n. (尤指关于罪案或间谍的)惊险小说(或戏剧、电影)
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
bring__...__into__focus 使……成为焦点
课文三维剖析
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA：WORTH THE RISKS
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that1 they knew2 would include crowds，discomfort and danger. Many would become sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. Yet, despite all this, by the end of the trip many were already planning to return. For these people, climbing Qomolangma3 is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful4. 1引导定语从句，修饰先行词an__experience 2插入语 3动名词短语作主语 4现在分词短语作结果状语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma, “What5 we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money6. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means and what7 life is for.” Sadly, Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924, although8 his body would not be found until many years later. It9 is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before10 it took his life. 5引导主语从句 6动词不定式短语作目的状语 7本句中两个what均引导表语从句 8引导让步状语从句 9It作形式主语，真正的主语是if__he__...__his__life 10引导时间状语从句
英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory11 were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who12 climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. “It brings into focus what13's important to you.” He added, “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going14. You really have to focus on the one reason that15's most important and unique to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if16 you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when17 you want to stop.” 11形容词短语作后置定语 12引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明Alan__Arnette 13引导宾语从句 14动词不定式短语作后置定语 15引导定语从句 16引导宾语从句 17引导时间状语从句
2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure18, is there also a scientific reason behind this risk taking Recent studies indicate that19 risk taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who20 jump out of planes and drive fast cars, as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”． 18 with的复合结构，with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 19引导宾语从句 20引导定语从句，修饰people
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把那些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities21, Farley said, “They'll say, ‘I'm not taking risks, I'm an expert ...’ They don't want to die and they don't expect to die.” 21现在分词短语作状语
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
Research also suggests that22 our desire to seek risks can be connected to how23 much we expect to benefit from the result. 还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。 22引导宾语从句 23引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语
With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks It's totally up to you.
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
阅读领悟
(一)段意连线
(二)课文理解填空
(三)问题链
1．What's the function of the first paragraph
To__introduce__the__topic.
2．What challenges do the climbers face
Crowds,__discomfort,__danger,__extreme__cold__and__low__air__pressure.
3．What's the author's opinion on climbing Qomolangma
We__should__balance__the__benefits__and__the__risks.
探究一 热词
1.confirm v. 证实，证明；使确信；认可(教材 P66)
confirm＋sth/that/wh－从句 证实…… be confirmed by sb 被某人认可 It has been confirmed that ... 已证实…… confirm sb in 使某人确信……
【语境感知】
①The expression on her face confirmed her sadness.
她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。
②It has been confirmed that it is the most effective treatment.
已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。
③It has confirmed me in my decision not to become a nurse.
这让我坚定了不当护士的决心。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①They need new evidence to__confirm (confirm) his story.
②They worked out an effective method, which was confirmed by the leadership.
【学会表达】完成句子
③已证实温室气体是全球变暖的罪魁祸首。
It__has__been__confirmed__that greenhouse gases are to blame for the global warming.
④你能证实一下发生了什么事吗？
Can you confirm__what__happened？
2.crowd n. 人群 vt. 拥挤；挤满；涌上(心头)(教材 P66)
crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；充满的 a crowd of＝crowds of 一群/成群…… crowd into one's mind 涌入某人的脑海 crowd around 聚集在……周围；聚拢 crowd in （on sb） （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海 be crowded with 挤满……；充满……
【语境感知】
①Crowds of people poured into the street.
人们成群结队地涌向街头。
②Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.
她心乱如麻。
③The hall was crowded with his devoted fans.
大厅中挤满了他的忠实粉丝。
crowd是集合名词，作主语时，若强调整体，则谓语动词用单数；若强调个体成员，则谓语动词用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Memories came crowding into her mind.
②The hall was crowded with many people and seeing such crowds of audience below the stage, he was too nervous to know what to say. (crowd)
【学会表达】完成句子
③饥饿的难民们聚集在商店周围。
The hungry refugees crowded__around the shop.
④市场和街道上挤满了以物易物的人。
The marketplace and street were__crowded__with those who'd come to barter.
3.attempt n. 努力，尝试 v. 尝试；试图；努力(教材P67)
attempted adj. 未遂的 make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attempt to do sth 试图做某事
【语境感知】
①These boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩们试图去野营，但被他们的父母们拦住了。
②David had prepared carefully for the chemistry exam, so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt.
大卫为化学考试做了精心准备，以便有把握一次通过考试。
③The prisoners attempted to escape, but failed.
囚犯试图逃跑，但失败了。
【易混辨析】attempt/try/manage
attempt 正式用语，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，包含“冒险”之意；后可接不定式
try 通俗用语，指为成功做到某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“尽力做某事”；后接动名词表示“试着做某事”
manage “成功做成某事”，强调结果，相当于succeed in doing sth，后可接不定式
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt.
②The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious attempt was ever made to__realize (realize) it.
③He took to walking long distances in an attempt to lose some weight.
【学会表达】一句多译
④无论你选择在哪里定居，你都应该努力融入当地人。
Wherever you choose to settle down, you should attempt__to__fit__in__with the local people.
＝Wherever you choose to settle down, you should make__an__attempt__to__fit__in__with the local people.
4.psychologist n. 心理学家→psychological adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的→psychology n. 心理学；心理特点
【语境感知】
The psychologist studied the patient's psychological state using principles of psychology.
心理学家运用心理学原理研究病人的心理状态。
5.thrill n. 惊险，刺激→thrilled adj. 非常兴奋，极为激动→thrilling adj. 令人激动的，惊险的，紧张的→thriller n. (尤指关于罪案或间谍的)惊险小说(或戏剧、电影)
【语境感知】
The roller coaster ride gave me a thrill, and I was thrilled by the thrilling experience.
坐过山车让我很兴奋，这种刺激的经历让我兴奋不已。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Two professional boxers were engaged in a thrilling (thrill) match for championship.
②She has a degree in psychology (psychologist) and works as a therapist.
【学会表达】完成句子
③这部心理惊悚电影让我很兴奋，它让我紧张得要命。
I__was_thrilled_by_the_psychological__thriller__movie,__which kept me on the edge of my seat.
探究二 短语
6．bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点(教材P67)
focus相关短语： bring/throw sth into focus 使某物清晰；使某物成为焦点 come into focus 成为焦点 the focus of attention 注意力/关注的焦点 be in/out of focus 对准/没对准焦点 focus on/upon 集中(注意力、精力等)于 focus one's attention/eyes/mind on ... 集中注意力/目光/心思于……
【语境感知】
①It's an opportunity to bring your goals into focus and transfer your ideas into the real world.
这是一个将你的目标集中起来，并将你的想法转移到现实世界的机会。
②The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.
照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。
③His eyes slowly began to focus on/upon what looked like a small dark ball.
他的眼睛开始慢慢聚焦到那个小黑球似的东西上。
④I regret not having focused my mind on my study.
我后悔没把我的心思用在学习上。
表示“集中注意力于某物”的其他短语： pay attention to sth；put one's heart into sth；fix one's attention on sth
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Pictures should be in focus, with realistic colours and well composed groups.
②He always wants to be the focus of attention.
③What I'm going to do in this lecture is focus on/upon something very specific.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。
The__incident__brought__the__problem__of__violence__in__schools__into__sharp__focus.
探究三 长难句分析
7.For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful．(教材P67) 对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
【分析】 making some feel weak and others, powerful是现在分词短语作结果状语。 现在分词(短语)作结果状语：表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，常置于句尾，其前可以加thus 现在分词(短语)还可以在句中作时间、条件、让步、方式、伴随或原因等状语 动词不定式(短语)作结果状语：往往表示意料之外的结果，常被only或just修饰
【语境感知】
①The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.
天空中太阳开始升起，使大山沐浴在金色的阳光下。
②The man hurriedly returned home, only to find he had left his key in the office.
这位男士匆忙地回到家，结果却发现他把钥匙落在了办公室。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making (make) him famous nationwide.
②We walked a long way to see him, only to__find (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
③The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④她努力学习，在考试中获得了高分。
She__studied__hard,__earning__a__high__score__in__the__exam.
8.Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.(教材P68) 还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。
【分析】 suggest意为“表明”，后接宾语从句，要用陈述语气。 suggest＋宾语从句： 表示“表明；暗示”，后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气 表示“建议”，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should＋)do
【语境感知】
①The research suggested that people were affected by the polluted air seriously.
研究表明人们受到空气污染的严重影响。
②I suggest you (should) take some measures to release your pressure.
我建议你应该采取一些措施来释放压力。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We suggested that he (should)__be__sent (send) to Germany to learn automobile making.
②The expression on his face suggested that he was (be) very angry.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的行为表明她对这个项目不感兴趣。
Her__behavior__suggests__that__she__is__not__interested__in__the__project.
9.With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？(教材P68) 了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？
【分析】 With this in mind为“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。 with的复合结构： with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动意义，强调动作正在进行) with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动意义，强调动作的完成) with＋宾语＋不定式(表示动作尚未发生) with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语(表示状态)
【语境感知】
①With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding his home.
有这个男孩带路，我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。
②With the key left in the office, he had to wait outside the door.
钥匙落在了办公室，他只好在门外等。
③With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.
有许多工作要做，我没有时间去度假。
④She came to a river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.
她来到了一个两边长着红花绿草的小河边。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①With a lot of English exercise to__do (do), I decide to stay at home on weekends.
②The day was bright, with a fresh breeze blowing (blow).
③I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed (fix) on the ceiling.
【学会表达】完成句子
④那个淘气的男孩低着头跟在老师的后面。
The naughty boy followed his teacher with__his__head__down．
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.oxygen A．n. 国界，边界
(C)2.zone B．adj. 纯粹的，十足的
(D)3.extreme C．n. 地区，地带
(B)4.sheer D．adj. 极度的
(A)5.border E．n. 氧气
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.(be) similar to A．弄清楚，弄明白
(C)7.bring ... into focus B．到……结束时
(A)8.figure out C．使……成为焦点
(D)9.benefit from D．从……中受益
(B)10.by the end of E．类似于
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．thus adv. 因此，从而
2．thrill n. 惊险，刺激
3．failure n. 失败
4．crowd n. 人群
5．adventure n. 冒险(经历)，奇遇
6．initial adj. 开始的，最初的
7．toughness n. 韧性
8．psychologist n. 心理学家
9．confirm v. 证实，证明
10．attempt n. 努力，尝试
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded into my mind when I opened my photo album.
2．Lack of confidence is a psychological (psychology) barrier to success.
3．It has been suggested that bright children (should)__take (take) their exams early.
4．He managed to hit the target at the first attempt.
5．Initially (initial), I was hesitant to take the job offer, but after considering the benefits, I decided to accept.
6．The university confirmed her in her appointment as a professor of literature.
7．This will broaden your horizons and bring new ideas and opportunities into focus.
8．Watching the sunset over the ocean was a thrilling (thrill) moment that I will never forget.
Ⅳ.选词填空
push, thus, crowd, initial, thrill, confirm, hundred, personality
1．Students often travel hundreds of miles to get here.
2．She accidentally stepped on his foot on a crowded train.
3．Checking is something that we do with the motivation of confirming existing beliefs.
4．Few contests in the recent history of boxing have been as thrilling．
5．The children all have very different personalities．
6．He studied hard, thus achieving great success in his exams.
7．They decreased their production in an attempt to__push the prices.
8．Often the most influential developments initially appear to be of minor significance.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．By__the__end__of__the__holiday (到假期结束时) I had spent all my money.
2．The teacher's explanation brought__the__complex__concept__into__focus (让复杂的概念成为了焦点) for the students.
3．Many students benefit__from__online__learning (从在线学习中受益), which offers flexible and personalized study options.
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．雨停了，街道变得又湿润又明亮。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
The__rain__stopped,__leaving__the__streets__wet__and__shiny.
2．她说的话表明她对这个决定不满意。(suggest后接宾语从句)
What__she__said__suggested__that__she__was__not__happy__with__the__decision.
3．他过去常常开着窗户睡觉。(with复合结构)
He__used__to__sleep__with__the__windows__open.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
Of all the ways to define (定义) a challenge, the simplest works best: a call for special effort. It applies to everyone. It's not enough to say that skiing a black diamond is a challenge; or that snowshoeing a 10 kilometre route is a challenge. For some, neither may be. For others, both are unimaginable.
A call for special effort means only you know when you're being challenged. If you're red faced and out of breath, it's probably a challenge. If you have to focus and work hard to complete the task, consider yourself challenged.
This season, we sourced 10 of the most exciting winter challenges around Canada. Sure, there are some that even the writer has no intention of trying, but they all excite the imagination. They're all about inspiring outdoor experiences at Explore . We encourage adaptation as well as adoption.
When you read the feature (专栏) on page 28, you may give up the 6633 Arctic Ultra as well as the Ice Mile—but the Wapta Traverse, the famous Rocky Mountain ski tour, or the Pentathlon des Neiges, in Quebec City, may fit the bill nicely. Or maybe it's a day tour in the Rockies and sampling just one of the Pentathlon sports in a more relaxed setting. It's up to you.
We wrote this article because we want you to see the possibility of winter: to look beyond a simple, though satisfying, day on the ski hill or skate on a nearby lake; to see winter as every bit as colorful as summer.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章号召人们去加拿大挑战十个最令人兴奋的冬季挑战项目。
1．What does the writer think is the best way to define a challenge
A．Skiing a black diamond.
B．A call for special effort.
C．Applying it to everyone.
D．Snowshoeing a challenging route.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Of all the ways ... a call for special effort.”可知，作者认为定义挑战的最佳方式是需要特别的努力。故选B。
2．How does the writer feel about the 10 winter challenges around Canada in Paragraph 3
A．They are worth trying.
B．They are the most challenging.
C．They are suitable for the writer.
D．They fail to fire the imagination.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but they all ... as well as adoption”可知，作者认为加拿大冬季的十大挑战值得一试。故选A。
3．Which of the following will the writer avoid recommending
A．The Ice Mile.
B．The Wapta Traverse.
C．The Pentathlon des Neiges.
D．The Rocky Mountain ski tour.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When you read ... as well as the Ice Mile”可知，作者会避免推荐the Ice Mile。故选A。
4．What is the purpose of writing this article
A．To define a challenge.
B．To introduce Canada's sights.
C．To praise adventurous tourists.
D．To encourage exploring winter challenges.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段(我们写这篇文章是因为我们想让你看到冬天的可能性：不要仅仅满足于在滑雪场滑雪或在附近的湖上滑冰来度过一个简单又令人满意的一天，而是要看到冬天和夏天一样多姿多彩的一面。)可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励探索冬季挑战。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
People normally look for a bit of adventure in their lives. They hunt for something new, something unknown, and they learn new things about the world and themselves. __1__. Sailing in the Arabian Gulf, camping in the desert and traveling to Qatar—these could all be called adventures.
Most of the time, adventures can be rewarding, because they make you feel satisfied after doing them. __2__. For example, Ibn Battuta who lived 700 years ago had the courage to travel around the world, visiting new places and meeting new people. His journal, called the Rihla, can still be read today. __3__. There is another example, if you sail to an unknown part of the sea, you can tell people about what you discover in it like new islands or good fishing areas.
__4__. People have died when climbing dangerous mountains, racing cars or sailing ships. That is why staying safe is more important than looking for excitement. __5__. After all, there are plenty of other ways to explore this beautiful world we live in!
A．Adventures come in many forms
B．That may be followed by disasters
C．However, some adventures are risky
D．It is the best way to live a life of adventure
E．It tells us about what life was like during his time
F．And one's adventures also provide others with useful information
G．We should weigh the dangers against the rewards before our adventures
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在生活中寻求冒险的不同方面，包括冒险的益处、风险以及如何在追求冒险时保持安全。
1．答案：A
解析：后文“Sailing in the Arabian Gulf, camping in the desert and traveling to Qatar—these could all be called adventures.”列举了一些能被称为冒险的活动，说明了冒险的形式有很多，A项(冒险有很多种形式)符合语境。故选A。
2．答案：F
解析：前文“Most of the time, adventures can be rewarding, because they make you feel satisfied after doing them.”说明了冒险的好处，F项(一个人的冒险也为其他人提供了有用的信息)承接前文，继续阐述冒险的好处。故选F。
3．答案：E
解析：前文提到了Ibn Battuta的日记，E项(它告诉我们他那个时代的生活是什么样的)承接前文，其中的It指代前文的“the Rihla”。故选E。
4．答案：C
解析：后文“People have died when climbing dangerous mountains, racing cars or sailing ships.”说明有人在冒险的时候死亡，C项(然而，有些冒险是有风险的)引出后文。故选C。
5．答案：G
解析：前文“People have died ... or sailing ships.”说明冒险是有风险的，G项(在冒险之前，我们应该权衡危险与回报)承接前文，指出具体做法。故选G。
Ⅲ 完形填空
In the fall of 1522, a leaky ship made port in Spain with 18 tired crewmen, all that survived of some 240 who'd manned a bold, trade mission.
Charles Ⅰ， the young Spanish king, was no longer willing to __1__ overland trade routes for the spice that was so __2__ in Europe. He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices, and as captain he hired Ferdinand Magellan, a skilled Portuguese sailor who __4__ believed the Earth was round, a theory not yet __5__．
The fleet was to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, and __6__ the same way. They also were to focus on trade routes and __7__ conquest (征服) and religion. Magellan wouldn't obey the __8__， with disastrous and historic results. In September 1519, five ships set sail, __9__ to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years.
The voyage stretched to three years. They survived with the __10__ of Indigenous people they met, treating some __11__ but others cruelly or violently. Quitting trade for conquest, Magellan __12__ an island in the Philippines and was __13__ in the surf. A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home with an unplanned __14__： proof that the Earth was round.
The first voyage of the globe—a __15__ feat (丰功伟绩) of exploration and science—changed the world forever, sparking globalization and abuse of colonization for centuries to come.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。
1．A.give up B．rely on
C．look for D．test out
答案：B
解析：give up放弃；rely on依靠；look for寻找；test out试验。根据下文“He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，Charles Ⅰ不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B。
2．A.abundant B．common
C．attractive D．popular
答案：D
解析：abundant丰富的；common普通的；attractive有吸引力的；popular受欢迎的。根据下文“He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，国王Charles Ⅰ任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，由此可推知，香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D。
3．A.direction B．access
C．route D．entrance
答案：C
解析：direction方向；access通道；route路线；entrance入口。根据上文“was no longer willing to __1__ overland trade routes”可知，此处指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C。
4．A.firmly B．reluctantly
C．slightly D．nervously
答案：A
解析：firmly坚定地；reluctantly勉强地；slightly稍微地；nervously焦虑地。根据上文“a skilled Portuguese sailor”并结合常识可知，Magellan (麦哲伦)是一位技术熟练的水手，他坚信地球是圆的。故选A。
5．A.declared B．proved
C．analyzed D．evaluated
答案：B
解析：declare宣布；prove证明；analyze分析；evaluate评估。根据下文“proof that the Earth was round”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B。
6．A.sail B．continue
C．follow D．return
答案：D
解析：sail航行；continue继续；follow跟随；return返回。根据下文“the same way”可知，此处指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D。
7．A.avoid B．perform
C．launch D．promote
答案：A
解析：avoid避免；perform履行；launch发起；promote促进。根据上文“focus on trade routes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A。
8．A.timetable B．schedule
C．order D．custom
答案：C
解析：timetable时间表；schedule日程安排；order命令；custom习惯。根据下文“with disastrous and historic results”可知，Magellan没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C。
9．A.failing B．waiting
C．intending D．stopping
答案：C
解析：fail失败；wait等待；intend打算；stop停止。根据上文“five ships set sail”和下文“to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years”可知，这次航行打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。故选C。
10．A.help B．agreement
C．gratitude D．relief
答案：A
解析：help帮助；agreement协议；gratitude感激；relief缓解。根据上文“The voyage stretched to three years.”以及下文“Indigenous people they met”可知，探险的旅程很艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A。
11．A.equally B．fairly
C．seriously D．carefully
答案：B
解析：equally平等地；fairly公正地；seriously严肃地；carefully小心地。根据下文“but others cruelly or violently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折，此处是指他们公正地对待一些人。故选B。
12．A.searched B．flooded
C．attacked D．abandoned
答案：C
解析：search搜索；flood泛滥；attack攻击；abandon放弃。根据上文“Quitting trade for conquest”可知，为了征服而放弃贸易，Magellan袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C。
13．A.defeated B．swallowed
C．trapped D．killed
答案：D
解析：defeat打败；swallow吞噬；trap陷入；kill杀死。根据下文“A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home”可知，在这次袭击中，Magellan在海浪中丧生。故选D。
14．A.achievement B．expectation
C．dream D．process
答案：A
解析：achievement成就；expectation期望；dream梦想；process过程。根据下文“proof that the Earth was round”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A。
15．A.mysterious B．remarkable
C．predictable D．strange
答案：B
解析：mysterious神秘的；remarkable非凡的；predictable可预测的；strange奇怪的。根据下文“changed the world forever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B。
精深阅读
An army officer has spoken of her delight at becoming the first woman of colour to complete an expedition (远征) to the South Pole on her own.
In a message recorded at the pole, Captain Preet Chandi, 32, thanked supporters for helping her to make the 700 mile journey in 40 days. “I made it to the South Pole where it's snowing，” she said. “Feeling so many emotions right now. I knew nothing about the polar world three years ago and it feels so unreal to finally be here.”
“This expedition was always about so much more than me. I want to encourage people to push the envelope and to believe in themselves. You are capable of anything you want. No matter where you are from or where your start line is, everybody starts somewhere，” she said.
The army officer, who once had dreams of being a tennis champion, started from a camp by Union Glacier where even summer temperatures can fall to minus 50℃. She pulled her equipment on a journey that she thought would take 45 days at least.
She wrote on her website Polarpreet: “There are only a few female adventurers that have completed the expedition alone. It is time to add some more names, diversity and to make history. I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great, something that allows me to be a role model. I want my eight year old niece to grow up without limitation, knowing the possibilities of what you can achieve in life are endless.”
In 2019, there were nine successful expeditions to the South Pole from the coast, four of which were by women.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上尉Preet Chandi (普里特·昌迪)成为第一位独自完成南极探险的有色人种女性的故事。
1．What was the deeper significance of Preet's expedition
A．It focused on exploring the unknown.
B．It aimed to make a difference to others.
C．It was an attempt to achieve recognition.
D．It was a personal journey of self discovery.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This expedition was always ... believe in themselves.(这次探险的意义远不止于我。我想鼓励人们突破自我、相信自己。)”可知，Preet的探险更深层次的意义在于给他人带来影响。故选B。
2．What do we know from this passage about Preet's expedition
A．Preet completed the expedition earlier than expected.
B．Preet started the expedition from a hot summer camp.
C．Preet is the first female to finish the expedition alone.
D．Preet was slowed by the equipment for the expedition.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a message ... in 40 days. (在极点记录的信息中，32岁的Preet Chandi上尉感谢支持者们帮助她在40天内完成了700英里的旅程。)”以及第四段中的“She pulled her ... at least.(她拖着装备开始了她认为至少需要45天的旅程。)”可知，Preet比预期更早地完成了探险。故选A。
3．Which word can be used to describe Preet Chandi
A．Humorous. B．Dependent.
C．Courageous. D．Cooperative.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“She wrote on her website ... you can achieve in life are endless.”可知，只有少数女性探险家独自完成了探险。Preet希望自己可以取得一些伟大的成就，成为一个榜样。由此可推知，Preet是有勇气的。故选C。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To speak highly of women's efforts.
B．To stress the expeditions' significance.
C．To show the wonders of the polar world.
D．To congratulate the nine on their success.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，2019年，有九次从海岸到南极的成功探险，其中四次是由女性完成的。由此可推知，作者在最后一段提到女性在探险中的成功，是为了赞扬女性的努力。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．delight n. 高兴；令人高兴的事
2．champion n. 冠军
3．diversity n. 多样性，多样化
4．possibility n. 可能，可能性
5．endless adj. 无止境的；无穷无尽的
(二)高频短语
6．make it 成功
7．encourage__sb__to__do__sth 鼓励某人做某事
8．push the envelope 挑战极限；突破常规
9．be__capable__of 有能力……
10．without limitation 无限制
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．After years of practice, she is now capable of playing the piano beautifully.
12．The news that he won the game surprised everyone.
13．Disability is a physical limitation (limit) on your life.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years.记录
15．She is a dedicated supporter of the local charity.支持者
16．The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.装备
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
capable，emotion，achieve
17．Her mood darkened at the news.emotion
18．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.achieve
19．She is a very competent speaker.capable
(六)长难句分析
20．I want my eight year old niece to grow up without limitation, knowing the possibilities of what you can achieve in life are endless.
句意：我希望我八岁的侄女能不受限制地长大，知道人生有无限的可能。
分析：主干是I__want__my__eight year old__niece__to__grow__up；knowing ... 是现在分词短语作伴随状语；the possibilities of ... are endless是省略引导词that的宾语从句，其中what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．It__is__time__to__go__to__bed (该上床睡觉了), and I have to get up early tomorrow.
22．They allowed__me__to__use__their__car (允许我使用他们的车) for the weekend!
(八)仿写句子
23．No matter where you are from or where your start line is, everybody starts somewhere.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
仿写：不管别人怎么说，我知道我能实现我的目标。
No__matter__what__others__say,__I__know__I__can__achieve__my__goals.
精深阅读
Picture a volcano. Now imagine that its main opening extends in a line. Now imagine that this line is so long that it runs for more than 40，000 miles through the deep dark area of all the world's oceans, surrounding the globe like the seams (接缝) of a baseball.
Welcome to one of the plane's strangest but important features, known as the mid ocean ridges (大洋中脊). Though long enough to circle the moon more than six times, they receive little notice because they lie hidden in total darkness. Ocean experts discovered their volcanic nature in 1973. Ever since, costly expeditions have slowly explored the undersea world, which typically lies more than a mile down.
The results can make the visions of Jules Verne (author of a famous adventure novel called Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea) seem rather dull. The ridges feature long rift valleys and, down their middles, huge fields of hot springs that send tons of minerals into icy seawater, slowly building ugly hills and towers that can be rich in metals like gold and silver. One tower in the Pacific Ocean grew 15 stories high. A large number of snakelike tube worms and other strange creatures often blanket the hot features, and so do hungry food searchers such as spider crabs.
These creatures coexist with springs hot enough to melt lead or the plastic windows of large ships. With extreme care, humans and robots have measured temperatures as high as 780 degrees. To date, studies have been undertaken only now and then. Ridge expeditions were done fitfully, their schedules determined by changeable weather and budgets, not to mention the problem of crew and equipment availability.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探险队对大洋中脊的探索。
1．What do we know about the mid ocean ridges
A．They are long and hot.
B．They are round like a baseball.
C．They were discovered by a diver.
D．They are caused by ocean movements.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though long enough to circle the moon more than six times (虽然它们的长度足以绕月球六圈以上)”和第四段中的“These creatures coexist ... of large ships.(这些生物与热度足以熔化铅或大型船舶塑料窗的泉水共存。)”可知，大洋中脊非常长且炎热。故选A。
2．Why does the author mention Jules Verne in Paragraph 3
A．To remember a famous adventure novel writer.
B．To stress how fantastic the mid ocean ridges are.
C．To tell the story of one of his famous works.
D．To describe what inspired his writing.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The results can ... seem rather dull.(结果可能会让Jules Verne (儒勒·凡尔纳)(著名冒险小说《海底两万里》的作者)的想象显得相当乏味。)”及下文对大洋中脊的描述可推知，作者在第三段提到Jules Verne是为了强调大洋中脊有多神奇。故选B。
3．What does the author want to express in the last paragraph
A．Humans have fully understood the nature and features of mid ocean ridges.
B．Ridge explorations are no longer necessary due to a lack of technology.
C．The budget for ridge expeditions is always enough.
D．Exploring the underwater world still faces numerous difficulties.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ridge expeditions were ... and equipment availability.(大洋中脊的探险是断断续续进行的，其日程安排取决于多变的天气和预算，更不用说人员和设备的可用性问题了。)”可知，作者在最后一段中想表达探索海底世界仍然面临着许多困难。故选D。
4．Which one is the most suitable as the title of the article based on its content
A．Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea: Jules Verne's Dream Realized
B．Gold and Silver Mines Under the Waves: A Treasure Hunter's Guide
C．The Secret Dance of Oceanic Volcanoes: The Mid Ridge Symphony
D．Extreme Life in the Deep: Creatures Thriving in Darkness
答案：C
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神秘的具有火山性质的大洋中脊海底世界。因此C项(海洋火山的秘密之舞：中脊交响曲)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．extend v. 延伸；扩大；扩展
2．typically adv. 通常；典型地
3．dull adj. 枯燥无聊的；无精打采的；不明亮的
4．blanket v. 以厚层覆盖 n. 毯子；厚层
5．schedule n. 计划(表)，进度表
(二)高频短语
6．be__rich__in 含有丰富的……；富于……
7．coexist with 与……共存
8．to date 迄今为止
9．now and then 时而，有时
10．not__to__mention 更不用说
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．We need to hurry so that we can catch the last bus.
12．After a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness (dark)．
13．He was determined (determine) to make a success of the business.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．The snow showed no sign of melting. 融化
15．He was standing in the middle of the room. 中央
16．The restaurant features fresh seafood as its main attraction. 以……为特色
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
vision，creature，picture
17．If there should be no air, there would be no living things.creatures
18．I can still imagine the house I grew up in.picture
19．That's my imagination of how the world could be. vision
(六)长难句分析
20．Now imagine that this line is so long that it runs for more than 40，000 miles through the deep dark area of all the world's oceans, surrounding the globe like the seams (接缝) of a baseball.
句意：现在想象一下，这条线很长，超过4万英里，穿过世界上所有海洋的深暗区域，像棒球的接缝一样环绕着地球。
分析：主干是Now__imagine__that__...__；第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导结果状语从句；surrounding ... 为现在分词短语作状语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They had__coexisted__with__us (和我们共存) for thousands of years in Europe before they disappeared.
22．Their culture is__rich__in__traditions (富含传统) and customs.
(八)仿写句子
23．Now imagine that its main opening extends in a line.(宾语从句)
仿写：我相信他今晚会来参加晚会。
I__believe__that__he__will__come__to__the__party__tonight.
1(共117张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 5 What an adventure!
单元主题：人与自然——探险活动
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．zone n. ____________
2．oxygen n. _______
3．border n. ____________
4．sheer adj. ________________
地区，地带
氧气
国界，边界
纯粹的，十足的
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．_____ adv. 因此，从而
2．_______ v. 证实，证明
3．_______ n. 人群
4．_______ n. 努力，尝试
5．_______ n. 失败
thus
confirm
crowd
attempt
failure
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．______ adj. 开始的，最初的→________ adv. 开始，最初
2．___________ n. 心理学家→_____________ adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的→__________ n. 心理学；心理特点
3．______ n. 惊险，刺激→________ adj. 非常兴奋，极为激动→________ adj. 令人激动的，惊险的，紧张的→________ n. (尤指关于罪案或间谍的)惊险小说(或戏剧、电影)
四、核心短语：写出英语表达
________________ 使……成为焦点
initial
initially
psychologist
psychological
psychology
thrill
thrilled
thrilling
thriller
bring ... into focus
自主学习 课文语篇
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that1 they knew2 would include crowds，discomfort and danger. Many would become sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. Yet, despite all this, by the end of the trip many were already planning to return. For these people, climbing Qomolangma3 is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful4.
课文三维剖析
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA：WORTH THE RISKS
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
1 引导______从句，修饰先行词____________
2 插入语
3 动名词短语作______
4 现在分词短语作__________
定语
an experience
主语
结果状语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma, “What5 we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money6. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means and what7 life is for.” Sadly, Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924, although8 his body would not be found until many years later. It9 is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before10 it took his life.
5 引导______从句
6 动词不定式短语作________
7 本句中两个what均引导______从句
8 引导_________从句
9 It作形式主语，真正的主语是______________
10 引导_________从句
主语
目的状语
表语
让步状语
if he ... His life
时间状语
英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory11 were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who12 climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. “It brings into focus what13’s important to you.” He added, “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going14. You really have to focus on the one reason that15’s most important and unique to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if16 you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when17 you want to stop.”
11 形容词短语作________
12 引导_____________从句，解释说明____________
13 引导______从句
14 动词不定式短语作________
15 引导______从句
16 引导______从句
17 引导__________从句
后置定语
非限制性定语
Alan Arnette
宾语
后置定语
定语
宾语
时间状语
2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure18, is there also a scientific reason behind this risk taking Recent studies indicate that19 risk taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who20 jump out of planes and drive fast cars, as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”．
18 with的复合结构，with＋宾语＋宾语补足语
19 引导______从句
20 引导______从句，修饰people
宾语
定语
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把那些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities21, Farley said, “They'll say, ‘I'm not taking risks, I'm an expert ...’ They don't want to die and they don't expect to die.”
21 现在分词短语作______
状语
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
Research also suggests that22 our desire to seek risks can be connected to how23 much we expect to benefit from the result.
还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。
22 引导______从句
23 引导宾语从句，作______的宾语
宾语
介词to
With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks It's totally up to you.
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
(一)
阅读领悟
(二)
sheer joy
enjoy life
look deep inside
mental toughness
Type T
(三)问题链
1．What's the function of the first paragraph
_________________________________________________________________
2．What challenges do the climbers face
_________________________________________________________________
3．What's the author's opinion on climbing Qomolangma
_________________________________________________________________
To introduce the topic.
Crowds， discomfort， danger， extreme cold and low air pressure.
We should balance the benefits and the risks.
合作探究 课时重点
探究一 热词
（一）高频词
confirm＋sth/that/wh－从句 证实……
be confirmed by sb 被某人认可
It has been confirmed that ... 已证实……
confirm sb in 使某人确信……
1.confirm v. 证实，证明；使确信；认可(教材 P66)
【语境感知】
①The expression on her face confirmed her sadness.
她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。
②It has been confirmed that it is the most effective treatment.
已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。
③It has confirmed me in my decision not to become a nurse.
这让我坚定了不当护士的决心。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①They need new evidence __________ (confirm) his story.
②They worked out an effective method, which was confirmed _____ the leadership.
【学会表达】完成句子
③已证实温室气体是全球变暖的罪魁祸首。
______________________ greenhouse gases are to blame for the global warming.
④你能证实一下发生了什么事吗？
Can you ____________________？
to confirm
by
It has been confirmed that
confirm what happened
2.crowd n. 人群 vt. 拥挤；挤满；涌上(心头)(教材 P66)
crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；充满的
a crowd of＝crowds of 一群/成群……
crowd into one's mind 涌入某人的脑海
crowd around 聚集在……周围；聚拢
crowd in （on sb） （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海
be crowded with 挤满……；充满……
【语境感知】
①Crowds of people poured into the street.
人们成群结队地涌向街头。
②Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.
她心乱如麻。
③The hall was crowded with his devoted fans.
大厅中挤满了他的忠实粉丝。
crowd是集合名词，作主语时，若强调整体，则谓语动词用单数；若强调个体成员，则谓语动词用复数。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Memories came crowding _____ her mind.
②The hall was ________ with many people and seeing such _______ of audience below the stage, he was too nervous to know what to say. (crowd)
【学会表达】完成句子
③饥饿的难民们聚集在商店周围。
The hungry refugees _______________ the shop.
④市场和街道上挤满了以物易物的人。
The marketplace and street ________________ those who'd come to barter.
into
crowded
crowds
crowded around
were crowded with
3.attempt n. 努力，尝试 v. 尝试；试图；努力(教材P67)
attempted adj. 未遂的
make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
attempt to do sth 试图做某事
【语境感知】
①These boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩们试图去野营，但被他们的父母们拦住了。
②David had prepared carefully for the chemistry exam, so that he could be sure of passing it at the first attempt.
大卫为化学考试做了精心准备，以便有把握一次通过考试。
③The prisoners attempted to escape, but failed.
囚犯试图逃跑，但失败了。
【易混辨析】attempt/try/manage
attempt 正式用语，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，包含“冒险”之意；后可接不定式
try 通俗用语，指为成功做到某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示“尽力做某事”；后接动名词表示“试着做某事”
manage “成功做成某事”，强调结果，相当于succeed in doing sth，后可接不定式
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Not many people can answer this question ____ the first attempt.
②The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious attempt was ever made ________ (realize) it.
③He took to walking long distances ____ an attempt to lose some weight.
at
to realize
in
【学会表达】一句多译
④无论你选择在哪里定居，你都应该努力融入当地人。
Wherever you choose to settle down, you should __________________ the local people.
＝Wherever you choose to settle down, you should ________________________ the local people.
attempt to fit in with
make an attempt to fit in with
【语境感知】
The psychologist studied the patient's psychological state using principles of psychology.
心理学家运用心理学原理研究病人的心理状态。
(二)拓展词
4.psychologist n. 心理学家→_____________ adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的→___________ n. 心理学；心理特点
psychological
psychology
5.thrill n. 惊险，刺激→________ adj. 非常兴奋，极为激动→________ adj. 令人激动的，惊险的，紧张的→_______ n. (尤指关于罪案或间谍的)惊险小说(或戏剧、电影)
【语境感知】
The roller coaster ride gave me a thrill, and I was thrilled by the thrilling experience.
坐过山车让我很兴奋，这种刺激的经历让我兴奋不已。
thrilled
thrilling
thriller
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Two professional boxers were engaged in a ________ (thrill) match for championship.
②She has a degree in _________ (psychologist) and works as a therapist.
【学会表达】完成句子
③这部心理惊悚电影让我很兴奋，它让我紧张得要命。
________________________________________， which kept me on the edge of my seat.
thrilling
psychology
I was thrilled by the psychological thriller movie
探究二 短语
6．bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点(教材P67)
focus相关短语：
bring/throw sth into focus 使某物清晰；使某物成为焦点
come into focus 成为焦点
the focus of attention 注意力/关注的焦点
be in/out of focus 对准/没对准焦点
focus on/upon 集中(注意力、精力等)于
focus one's attention/eyes/mind on ... 集中注意力/目光/心思于……
【语境感知】
①It's an opportunity to bring your goals into focus and transfer your ideas into the real world.
这是一个将你的目标集中起来，并将你的想法转移到现实世界的机会。
②The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.
照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。
③His eyes slowly began to focus on/upon what looked like a small dark ball.
他的眼睛开始慢慢聚焦到那个小黑球似的东西上。
④I regret not having focused my mind on my study.
我后悔没把我的心思用在学习上。
表示“集中注意力于某物”的其他短语：
pay attention to sth；put one's heart into sth；fix one's attention on sth
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Pictures should be _____ focus, with realistic colours and well composed groups.
②He always wants to be _____ focus of attention.
③What I'm going to do in this lecture is focus ________ something very specific.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。
____________________________________________________________________
in
the
on/upon
The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.
探究三 长难句分析
7.For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful．(教材P67)
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
【分析】 making some feel weak and others, powerful是现在分词短语作结果状语。
现在分词(短语)作结果状语：表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，常置于句尾，其前可以加thus
现在分词(短语)还可以在句中作时间、条件、让步、方式、伴随或原因等状语
动词不定式(短语)作结果状语：往往表示意料之外的结果，常被only或just修饰
【语境感知】
①The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.
天空中太阳开始升起，使大山沐浴在金色的阳光下。
②The man hurriedly returned home, only to find he had left his key in the office.
这位男士匆忙地回到家，结果却发现他把钥匙落在了办公室。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, _______ (make) him famous nationwide.
②We walked a long way to see him, only _______ (find) that he had just left for the countryside.
③The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④她努力学习，在考试中获得了高分。
____________________________________________________________________
making
to find
allowing
She studied hard, earning a high score in the exam.
8.Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.(教材P68)
还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。
【分析】 suggest意为“表明”，后接宾语从句，要用陈述语气。
suggest＋宾语从句：
表示“表明；暗示”，后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气
表示“建议”，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should＋)do
【语境感知】
①The research suggested that people were affected by the polluted air seriously.
研究表明人们受到空气污染的严重影响。
②I suggest you (should) take some measures to release your pressure.
我建议你应该采取一些措施来释放压力。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We suggested that he ______________ (send) to Germany to learn automobile making.
②The expression on his face suggested that he _____ (be) very angry.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③她的行为表明她对这个项目不感兴趣。
__________________________________________________________________
(should) be sent
was
Her behavior suggests that she is not interested in the project.
9.With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？(教材P68)
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？
【分析】 With this in mind为“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。
with的复合结构：
with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动意义，强调动作正在进行)
with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动意义，强调动作的完成)
with＋宾语＋不定式(表示动作尚未发生)
with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语(表示状态)
【语境感知】
①With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding his home.
有这个男孩带路，我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。
②With the key left in the office, he had to wait outside the door.
钥匙落在了办公室，他只好在门外等。
③With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.
有许多工作要做，我没有时间去度假。
④She came to a river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.
她来到了一个两边长着红花绿草的小河边。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①With a lot of English exercise ______ (do), I decide to stay at home on weekends.
②The day was bright, with a fresh breeze ________ (blow).
③I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes ______ (fix) on the ceiling.
【学会表达】完成句子
④那个淘气的男孩低着头跟在老师的后面。
The naughty boy followed his teacher __________________．
to do
blowing
fixed
with his head down
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
( )1.oxygen A．n. 国界，边界
( ) 2.zone B．adj. 纯粹的，十足的
( ) 3.extreme C．n. 地区，地带
( ) 4.sheer D．adj. 极度的
( ) 5.border E．n. 氧气
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
( ) 6.(be) similar to A．弄清楚，弄明白
( ) 7.bring ... into focus B．到……结束时
( ) 8.figure out C．使……成为焦点
( ) 9.benefit from D．从……中受益
( ) 10.by the end of E．类似于
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．_____ adv. 因此，从而
2．_____ n. 惊险，刺激
3．_______ n. 失败
4．_______ n. 人群
5．_________ n. 冒险(经历)，奇遇
thus
thrill
failure
crowd
adventure
6．______ adj. 开始的，最初的
7．_________ n. 韧性
8．____________ n. 心理学家
9．________ v. 证实，证明
10．________ n. 努力，尝试
initial
toughness
psychologist
confirm
attempt
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded ______ my mind when I opened my photo album.
2．Lack of confidence is a ____________ (psychology) barrier to success.
3．It has been suggested that bright children ____________ (take) their exams early.
4．He managed to hit the target _____ the first attempt.
into
psychological
(should) take
at
5．________ (initial), I was hesitant to take the job offer, but after considering the benefits, I decided to accept.
6．The university confirmed her _____ her appointment as a professor of literature.
7．This will broaden your horizons and bring new ideas and opportunities ______ focus.
8．Watching the sunset over the ocean was a ________ (thrill) moment that I will never forget.
Initially
in
into
thrilling
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．Students often travel _________ of miles to get here.
2．She accidentally stepped on his foot on a ________ train.
3．Checking is something that we do with the motivation of __________ existing beliefs.
hundreds
crowded
confirming
push, thus, crowd, initial, thrill, confirm, hundred, personality
4．Few contests in the recent history of boxing have been as ________．
5．The children all have very different ____________．
6．He studied hard, _____ achieving great success in his exams.
7．They decreased their production in an attempt ________ the prices.
8．Often the most influential developments ________ appear to be of minor significance.
thrilling
personalities
thus
to push
initially
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．_______________________ (到假期结束时) I had spent all my money.
2．The teacher's explanation __________________________________ (让复杂的概念成为了焦点) for the students.
3．Many students ________________________ (从在线学习中受益), which offers flexible and personalized study options.
By the end of the holiday
brought the complex concept into focus
benefit from online learning
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．雨停了，街道变得又湿润又明亮。(现在分词短语作结果状语)
____________________________________________________________________
2．她说的话表明她对这个决定不满意。(suggest后接宾语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
3．他过去常常开着窗户睡觉。(with复合结构)
____________________________________________________________________
The rain stopped, leaving the streets wet and shiny.
What she said suggested that she was not happy with the decision.
He used to sleep with the windows open.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ 阅读
Of all the ways to define (定义) a challenge, the simplest works best: a call for special effort. It applies to everyone. It's not enough to say that skiing a black diamond is a challenge; or that snowshoeing a 10 kilometre route is a challenge. For some, neither may be. For others, both are unimaginable.
A call for special effort means only you know when you're being challenged. If you're red faced and out of breath, it's probably a challenge. If you have to focus and work hard to complete the task, consider yourself challenged.
This season, we sourced 10 of the most exciting winter challenges around Canada. Sure, there are some that even the writer has no intention of trying, but they all excite the imagination. They're all about inspiring outdoor experiences at Explore . We encourage adaptation as well as adoption.
When you read the feature (专栏) on page 28, you may give up the 6633 Arctic Ultra as well as the Ice Mile—but the Wapta Traverse, the famous Rocky Mountain ski tour, or the Pentathlon des Neiges, in Quebec City, may fit the bill nicely. Or maybe it's a day tour in the Rockies and sampling just one of the Pentathlon sports in a more relaxed setting. It's up to you.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章号召人们去加拿大挑战十个最令人兴奋的冬季挑战项目。
We wrote this article because we want you to see the possibility of winter: to look beyond a simple, though satisfying, day on the ski hill or skate on a nearby lake; to see winter as every bit as colorful as summer.
1．What does the writer think is the best way to define a challenge
A．Skiing a black diamond.
B．A call for special effort.
C．Applying it to everyone.
D．Snowshoeing a challenging route.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Of all the ways ... a call for special effort.”可知，作者认为定义挑战的最佳方式是需要特别的努力。故选B。
2．How does the writer feel about the 10 winter challenges around Canada in Paragraph 3
A．They are worth trying.
B．They are the most challenging.
C．They are suitable for the writer.
D．They fail to fire the imagination.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but they all ... as well as adoption”可知，作者认为加拿大冬季的十大挑战值得一试。故选A。
3．Which of the following will the writer avoid recommending
A．The Ice Mile.
B．The Wapta Traverse.
C．The Pentathlon des Neiges.
D．The Rocky Mountain ski tour.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When you read ... as well as the Ice Mile”可知，作者会避免推荐the Ice Mile。故选A。
4．What is the purpose of writing this article
A．To define a challenge.
B．To introduce Canada's sights.
C．To praise adventurous tourists.
D．To encourage exploring winter challenges.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段(我们写这篇文章是因为我们想让你看到冬天的可能性：不要仅仅满足于在滑雪场滑雪或在附近的湖上滑冰来度过一个简单又令人满意的一天，而是要看到冬天和夏天一样多姿多彩的一面。)可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励探索冬季挑战。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
People normally look for a bit of adventure in their lives. They hunt for something new, something unknown, and they learn new things about the world and themselves. __1__. Sailing in the Arabian Gulf, camping in the desert and traveling to Qatar—these could all be called adventures.
Most of the time, adventures can be rewarding, because they make you feel satisfied after doing them. __2__. For example, Ibn Battuta who lived 700 years ago had the courage to travel around the world, visiting new places and meeting new people. His journal, called the Rihla, can still be read today. __3__. There is another example, if you sail to an unknown part of the sea, you can tell people about what you discover in it like new islands or good fishing areas.
__4__. People have died when climbing dangerous mountains, racing cars or sailing ships. That is why staying safe is more important than looking for excitement. __5__. After all, there are plenty of other ways to explore this beautiful world we live in!
A．Adventures come in many forms
B．That may be followed by disasters
C．However, some adventures are risky
D．It is the best way to live a life of adventure
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在生活中寻求冒险的不同方面，包括冒险的益处、风险以及如何在追求冒险时保持安全。
E．It tells us about what life was like during his time
F．And one's adventures also provide others with useful information
G．We should weigh the dangers against the rewards before our adventures
1．答案：A
解析：后文“Sailing in the Arabian Gulf, camping in the desert and traveling to Qatar—these could all be called adventures.”列举了一些能被称为冒险的活动，说明了冒险的形式有很多，A项(冒险有很多种形式)符合语境。故选A。
2．答案：F
解析：前文“Most of the time, adventures can be rewarding, because they make you feel satisfied after doing them.”说明了冒险的好处，F项(一个人的冒险也为其他人提供了有用的信息)承接前文，继续阐述冒险的好处。故选F。
3．答案：E
解析：前文提到了Ibn Battuta的日记，E项(它告诉我们他那个时代的生活是什么样的)承接前文，其中的It指代前文的“the Rihla”。故选E。
4．答案：C
解析：后文“People have died when climbing dangerous mountains, racing cars or sailing ships.”说明有人在冒险的时候死亡，C项(然而，有些冒险是有风险的)引出后文。故选C。
5．答案：G
解析：前文“People have died ... or sailing ships.”说明冒险是有风险的，G项(在冒险之前，我们应该权衡危险与回报)承接前文，指出具体做法。故选G。
Ⅲ 完形填空
In the fall of 1522, a leaky ship made port in Spain with 18 tired crewmen, all that survived of some 240 who'd manned a bold, trade mission.
Charles Ⅰ， the young Spanish king, was no longer willing to __1__ overland trade routes for the spice that was so __2__ in Europe. He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices, and as captain he hired Ferdinand Magellan, a skilled Portuguese sailor who __4__ believed the Earth was round, a theory not yet __5__．
The fleet was to find a westward route to the Spice Islands, and __6__ the same way. They also were to focus on trade routes and __7__ conquest (征服) and religion. Magellan wouldn't obey the __8__， with disastrous and historic results. In September 1519, five ships set sail, __9__ to collect nearly 550 tons of spices in two years.
The voyage stretched to three years. They survived with the __10__ of Indigenous people they met, treating some __11__ but others cruelly or violently. Quitting trade for conquest, Magellan __12__ an island in the Philippines and was __13__ in the surf. A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home with an unplanned __14__： proof that the Earth was round.
The first voyage of the globe—a __15__ feat (丰功伟绩) of exploration and science—changed the world forever, sparking globalization and abuse of colonization for centuries to come.
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。
1．A.give up B．rely on
C．look for D．test out
解析： give up放弃；rely on依靠；look for寻找；test out试验。根据下文“He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，Charles Ⅰ不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B。
2．A.abundant B．common
C．attractive D．popular
解析： abundant丰富的；common普通的；attractive有吸引力的；popular受欢迎的。根据下文“He appointed an expedition (探险队) to find a new __3__ to Pacific islands rich with spices”可知，国王Charles Ⅰ任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，由此可推知，香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D。
3．A.direction B．access
C．route D．entrance
解析： direction方向；access通道；route路线；entrance入口。根据上文“was no longer willing to __1__ overland trade routes”可知，此处指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C。
4．A.firmly B．reluctantly
C．slightly D．nervously
解析： firmly坚定地；reluctantly勉强地；slightly稍微地；nervously焦虑地。根据上文“a skilled Portuguese sailor”并结合常识可知，Magellan (麦哲伦)是一位技术熟练的水手，他坚信地球是圆的。故选A。
5．A.declared B．proved
C．analyzed D．evaluated
解析： declare宣布；prove证明；analyze分析；evaluate评估。根据下文“proof that the Earth was round”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B。
6．A.sail B．continue
C．follow D．return
解析： sail航行；continue继续；follow跟随；return返回。根据下文“the same way”可知，此处指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D。
7．A.avoid B．perform
C．launch D．promote
解析： avoid避免；perform履行；launch发起；promote促进。根据上文“focus on trade routes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A。
8．A.timetable B．schedule
C．order D．custom
解析： timetable时间表；schedule日程安排；order命令；custom习惯。根据下文“with disastrous and historic results”可知，Magellan没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C。
9．A.failing B．waiting
C．intending D．stopping
解析： timetable时间表；schedule日程安排；order命令；custom习惯。根据下文“with disastrous and historic results”可知，Magellan没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C。
10．A.help B．agreement
C．gratitude D．relief
解析： help帮助；agreement协议；gratitude感激；relief缓解。根据上文“The voyage stretched to three years.”以及下文“Indigenous people they met”可知，探险的旅程很艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A。
11．A.equally B．fairly
C．seriously D．carefully
解析： equally平等地；fairly公正地；seriously严肃地；carefully小心地。根据下文“but others cruelly or violently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折，此处是指他们公正地对待一些人。故选B。
12．A.searched B．flooded
C．attacked D．abandoned
解析： search搜索；flood泛滥；attack攻击；abandon放弃。根据上文“Quitting trade for conquest”可知，为了征服而放弃贸易，Magellan袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C。
13．A.defeated B．swallowed
C．trapped D．killed
解析：defeat打败；swallow吞噬；trap陷入；kill杀死。根据下文“A new captain, Juan Sebasetin Elcano, guided the Victoria home”可知，在这次袭击中，Magellan在海浪中丧生。故选D。
14．A.achievement B．expectation
C．dream D．process
解析： achievement成就；expectation期望；dream梦想；process过程。根据下文“proof that the Earth was round”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A。
15．A.mysterious B．remarkable
C．predictable D．strange
解析： mysterious神秘的；remarkable非凡的；predictable可预测的；strange奇怪的。根据下文“changed the world forever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B。
An army officer has spoken of her delight at becoming the first woman of colour to complete an expedition (远征) to the South Pole on her own.
In a message recorded at the pole, Captain Preet Chandi, 32, thanked supporters for helping her to make the 700 mile journey in 40 days. “I made it to the South Pole where it's snowing，” she said. “Feeling so many emotions right now. I knew nothing about the polar world three years ago and it feels so unreal to finally be here.”
精深阅读
“This expedition was always about so much more than me. I want to encourage people to push the envelope and to believe in themselves. You are capable of anything you want. No matter where you are from or where your start line is, everybody starts somewhere，” she said.
The army officer, who once had dreams of being a tennis champion, started from a camp by Union Glacier where even summer temperatures can fall to minus 50℃. She pulled her equipment on a journey that she thought would take 45 days at least.
She wrote on her website Polarpreet: “There are only a few female adventurers that have completed the expedition alone. It is time to add some more names, diversity and to make history. I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great, something that allows me to be a role model. I want my eight year old niece to grow up without limitation, knowing the possibilities of what you can achieve in life are endless.”
In 2019, there were nine successful expeditions to the South Pole from the coast, four of which were by women.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了上尉Preet Chandi (普里特·昌迪)成为第一位独自完成南极探险的有色人种女性的故事。
1．What was the deeper significance of Preet's expedition
A．It focused on exploring the unknown.
B．It aimed to make a difference to others.
C．It was an attempt to achieve recognition.
D．It was a personal journey of self discovery.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This expedition was always ... believe in themselves.(这次探险的意义远不止于我。我想鼓励人们突破自我、相信自己。)”可知，Preet的探险更深层次的意义在于给他人带来影响。故选B。
2．What do we know from this passage about Preet's expedition
A．Preet completed the expedition earlier than expected.
B．Preet started the expedition from a hot summer camp.
C．Preet is the first female to finish the expedition alone.
D．Preet was slowed by the equipment for the expedition.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a message ... in 40 days. (在极点记录的信息中，32岁的Preet Chandi上尉感谢支持者们帮助她在40天内完成了700英里的旅程。)”以及第四段中的“She pulled her ... at least.(她拖着装备开始了她认为至少需要45天的旅程。)”可知，Preet比预期更早地完成了探险。故选A。
3．Which word can be used to describe Preet Chandi
A．Humorous. B．Dependent.
C．Courageous. D．Cooperative.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“She wrote on her website ... you can achieve in life are endless.”可知，只有少数女性探险家独自完成了探险。Preet希望自己可以取得一些伟大的成就，成为一个榜样。由此可推知，Preet是有勇气的。故选C。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To speak highly of women's efforts.
B．To stress the expeditions' significance.
C．To show the wonders of the polar world.
D．To congratulate the nine on their success.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，2019年，有九次从海岸到南极的成功探险，其中四次是由女性完成的。由此可推知，作者在最后一段提到女性在探险中的成功，是为了赞扬女性的努力。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．delight n. _____________________
2．_________ n. 冠军
3．diversity n. ________________
4．__________ n. 可能，可能性
5．_______ adj. 无止境的；无穷无尽的
高兴；令人高兴的事
champion
多样性，多样化
possibility
endless
(二)高频短语
6．make it ______
7． ____________________ 鼓励某人做某事
8．push the envelope ____________________
9． ____________ 有能力……
10．without limitation ________
成功
encourage sb to do sth
挑战极限；突破常规
be capable of
无限制
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．After years of practice, she is now capable ____ playing the piano beautifully.
12．The news ____ he won the game surprised everyone.
13．Disability is a physical _________ (limit) on your life.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years. _____
15．She is a dedicated supporter of the local charity. ______
16．The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive. _____
of
that
limitation
记录
支持者
装备
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．Her mood darkened at the news._________
18．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal. ________
19．She is a very competent speaker. ________
emotion
capable，emotion，achieve
achieve
capable
(六)长难句分析
20．I want my eight year old niece to grow up without limitation, knowing the possibilities of what you can achieve in life are endless.
句意：我希望我八岁的侄女能不受限制地长大，知道人生有无限的可能。
分析：主干是____________________________________；knowing ... 是现在分词短语作__________；the possibilities of ... are endless是省略引导词that的______从句，其中what引导______从句，作介词of的______。
I want my eight year old niece to grow up
伴随状语
宾语
宾语
宾语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．__________________ (该上床睡觉了), and I have to get up early tomorrow.
22．They _______________________ (允许我使用他们的车) for the weekend!
It is time to go to bed
allowed me to use their car
(八)仿写句子
23．No matter where you are from or where your start line is, everybody starts somewhere.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
仿写：不管别人怎么说，我知道我能实现我的目标。
_________________________________________________________________
No matter what others say, I know I can achieve my goals.
Picture a volcano. Now imagine that its main opening extends in a line. Now imagine that this line is so long that it runs for more than 40，000 miles through the deep dark area of all the world's oceans, surrounding the globe like the seams (接缝) of a baseball.
精深阅读
Welcome to one of the plane's strangest but important features, known as the mid ocean ridges (大洋中脊). Though long enough to circle the moon more than six times, they receive little notice because they lie hidden in total darkness. Ocean experts discovered their volcanic nature in 1973. Ever since, costly expeditions have slowly explored the undersea world, which typically lies more than a mile down.
The results can make the visions of Jules Verne (author of a famous adventure novel called Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea) seem rather dull. The ridges feature long rift valleys and, down their middles, huge fields of hot springs that send tons of minerals into icy seawater, slowly building ugly hills and towers that can be rich in metals like gold and silver. One tower in the Pacific Ocean grew 15 stories high. A large number of snakelike tube worms and other strange creatures often blanket the hot features, and so do hungry food searchers such as spider crabs.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探险队对大洋中脊的探索。
These creatures coexist with springs hot enough to melt lead or the plastic windows of large ships. With extreme care, humans and robots have measured temperatures as high as 780 degrees. To date, studies have been undertaken only now and then. Ridge expeditions were done fitfully, their schedules determined by changeable weather and budgets, not to mention the problem of crew and equipment availability.
1．What do we know about the mid ocean ridges
A．They are long and hot.
B．They are round like a baseball.
C．They were discovered by a diver.
D．They are caused by ocean movements.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Though long enough to circle the moon more than six times (虽然它们的长度足以绕月球六圈以上)”和第四段中的“These creatures coexist ... of large ships.(这些生物与热度足以熔化铅或大型船舶塑料窗的泉水共存。)”可知，大洋中脊非常长且炎热。故选A。
2．Why does the author mention Jules Verne in Paragraph 3
A．To remember a famous adventure novel writer.
B．To stress how fantastic the mid ocean ridges are.
C．To tell the story of one of his famous works.
D．To describe what inspired his writing.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The results can ... seem rather dull.(结果可能会让Jules Verne (儒勒·凡尔纳)(著名冒险小说《海底两万里》的作者)的想象显得相当乏味。)”及下文对大洋中脊的描述可推知，作者在第三段提到Jules Verne是为了强调大洋中脊有多神奇。故选B。
3．What does the author want to express in the last paragraph
A．Humans have fully understood the nature and features of mid ocean ridges.
B．Ridge explorations are no longer necessary due to a lack of technology.
C．The budget for ridge expeditions is always enough.
D．Exploring the underwater world still faces numerous difficulties.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ridge expeditions were ... and equipment availability.(大洋中脊的探险是断断续续进行的，其日程安排取决于多变的天气和预算，更不用说人员和设备的可用性问题了。)”可知，作者在最后一段中想表达探索海底世界仍然面临着许多困难。故选D。
4．Which one is the most suitable as the title of the article based on its content
A．Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea: Jules Verne's Dream Realized
B．Gold and Silver Mines Under the Waves: A Treasure Hunter's Guide
C．The Secret Dance of Oceanic Volcanoes: The Mid Ridge Symphony
D．Extreme Life in the Deep: Creatures Thriving in Darkness
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神秘的具有火山性质的大洋中脊海底世界。因此C项(海洋火山的秘密之舞：中脊交响曲)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．_______ v. 延伸；扩大；扩展
2．typically adv. _____________
3．dull adj. __________________________________
4．blanket v. ___________ n. _____________
5． ________ n. 计划(表)，进度表
extend
通常；典型地
枯燥无聊的；无精打采的；不明亮的
以厚层覆盖
毯子；厚层
schedule
(二)高频短语
6．__________ 含有丰富的……；富于……
7．coexist with ___________
8．to date __________
9．now and then ___________
10． _____________ 更不用说
be rich in
与……共存
迄今为止
时而，有时
not to mention
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．We need to hurry so _____ we can catch the last bus.
12．After a few minutes our eyes got used to the ________ (dark)．
13．He was __________ (determine) to make a success of the business.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．The snow showed no sign of melting. ______
15．He was standing in the middle of the room. ______
16．The restaurant features fresh seafood as its main attraction. ______________
that
darkness
determined
融化
中央
以……为特色
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．If there should be no air, there would be no living things.__________
18．I can still imagine the house I grew up in. ________
19．That's my imagination of how the world could be. _______
creatures
vision，creature，picture
picture
vision
(六)长难句分析
20．Now imagine that this line is so long that it runs for more than 40，000 miles through the deep dark area of all the world's oceans, surrounding the globe like the seams (接缝) of a baseball.
句意：现在想象一下，这条线很长，超过4万英里，穿过世界上所有海洋的深暗区域，像棒球的接缝一样环绕着地球。
分析：主干是___________________；第一个that引导______从句；第二个that引导__________从句；surrounding ... 为现在分词短语作______。
Now imagine that …
宾语
结果状语
状语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．They ___________________ (和我们共存) for thousands of years in Europe before they disappeared.
22．Their culture ________________ (富含传统) and customs.
(八)仿写句子
23．Now imagine that its main opening extends in a line.(宾语从句)
仿写：我相信他今晚会来参加晚会。
___________________________________________________________
had coexisted with us
is rich in traditions
I believe that he will come to the party tonight.
