英语 必修 第三册 WY
Section Ⅱ Using language
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．tsunami n. 海啸
2．blizzard n. 暴风雪
3．avalanche n. 雪崩
4．crisis n. 危机
5．satellite n. 人造卫星
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．forecast v. 预测，预报
2．reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
3．rescue n. 营救，解救
4．emergency n. 紧急情况，不测事件
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．exceptionally adv. 极其，非常→exceptional adj. 卓越的，杰出的；不寻常的，罕见的→exception n. 例外，除外
2．threaten v. 威胁到，危及→threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的→threatening adj. 威胁(性)的，恐吓(性)的→threat n. 威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人(或事物)
3．precisely adv. 精确地，准确地→precise adj. 精确的，准确的；恰好的，确切的
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
1．grab 熟义：v. 攫取，抓住
生义：v. (尤指匆忙地)取，吃，喝；利用；吸引
2．claim 熟义：n.& v. 声称，断言
生义：v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；索要；索取
写出下列句子中省略的部分
1．(You) Come in, please!
2．John is a lawyer, and his wife (is) a teacher.
3．First degree burns turn white when (they__are) pressed.
4．He is the man (who/whom/that) you can depend on.
5．The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother did not allow him to (play_
_football__in__the__street)．
6．It shows (that) a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
——Language Points——
探究一 热词
1.forecast v．& n. 预测，预报(教材P86)
be forecast/forecasted to do sth 预测会做某事 It is forecast/forecasted that ... 据预测…… weather forecast 天气预报 demand/sales/financial forecast 需求/销售/财务预测 forecast period 预测期
【语境感知】
①The report forecasts that prices will rise by 3% next month.
该报告预测下个月物价将上涨3%。
②It is forecast/forecasted that this kind of fiber will have a great potential market in China.
据预测这种纤维在中国将有巨大的潜在市场。
③The weather forecast said there would be a heavy rain.
天气预报说将有大雨。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①This year it is forecast to__rise (rise) by 87% to 31.3 billion yuan.
②It is forecasted that a snow storm is on the way.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③预测明天天气会好转。
The__weather__is__forecast/forecasted__to__improve__tomorrow.
2.reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的(教材P86)
rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠 rely on/upon 依靠；依赖 rely on/upon sb to do sth 依靠某人做某事 rely on/upon it that ... 相信……
【语境感知】
①We all think of him as a reliable man.
我们都认为他是一个值得信赖的人。
②You should rely on your own judgement.
你应该依靠自己的判断。
③You can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.
当你有困难时，你可以依靠他来帮你。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We can rely on him to__respond (respond) to a challenge.
②He is a reliable (rely) person and you can ask him for help.
③She may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④我的车不像过去那样靠得住了。
My__car's__not__as__reliable__as____it__used__to__be.
⑤你可以相信我会为你保守秘密。
You__can__rely__on/upon__me__to__keep__your__secret.
3.rescue n. 营救；解救 v. 救援；营救(教材P87)
rescuer n. 救援者 come/go to one's rescue 挽救某人；搭救某人 rescue of 对……的救援 rescue workers 救援人员 rescue ... from ... 从……把……营救出来
【语境感知】
①After she was treated, she tearfully thanked her rescuers.
在接受了治疗后，她含泪感谢了救援人员。
②When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
③He rescued a child from drowning.
他救起了一名落水儿童。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.
②This little girl had a very big stroke of luck thanks to one particular rescuer (rescue)．
【学会表达】翻译句子
③士兵们从失火的大楼中救出了孩子们。
The__soldiers__rescued__the__kids__from__the__burning__building.
4.exceptionally adv. 极其，非常→exceptional adj. 卓越的，杰出的；不寻常的，罕见的→exception n. 例外，除外
【语境感知】
This project requires an exceptional team, and John's performance has been exceptionally good, making him an exception to the usual standards.
这个项目需要一个出色的团队，而约翰的表现特别好，使他成为通常标准的例外。
5.threaten v. 威胁到，危及→threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的→threatening adj. 威胁(性)的，恐吓(性)的→threat n. 威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人(或事物)
【语境感知】
Being out of work is threatening, but the threat can urge the threatened workers to work harder.
失业是一种威胁，但这种威胁可能会促使受到威胁的工人更加努力地工作。
6.precisely adv. 精确地，准确地→precise adj. 精确的，准确的；恰好的，确切的
【语境感知】
Her instructions were precise, ensuring we knew precisely what to do.
她的指示很准确，确保了我们准确地知道该做什么。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①At the age of five he showed exceptional (exception) talent as a musician.
②Anger is the natural reaction we experience when we feel threatened (threaten)．
【学会表达】翻译句子
③他说得很准确，言语中带有明显的威胁。
He__spoke__precisely,__his__words__carrying__a__clear__threat.
④这位新员工异常出色的工作威胁到了其他人的信心。
The__new__employee's__exceptionally__good__work__threatened__the__others'__confidence.
7.grab [熟义]v. 攫取，抓住 [生义]v. (尤指匆忙地)取，吃，喝；利用；吸引
【语境感知】
①Let's just grab a quick bite.
我们赶紧吃点东西吧。
②If you don't grab this opportunity, you might not get another one.
如果你不抓住这次机会，你可能再也没有机会了。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①I jumped on the wall to grab the attention of the crowd. catch/attract/draw__吸引
【学会表达】翻译句子
②咱们赶快吃个三明治就走吧。
Let's__grab__a__sandwich__before__we__go.
8.claim [熟义]n.& v. 声称，断言 [生义]v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；索要；索取
【语境感知】
①He claims (that) he was not given a fair hearing.
他声称他未得到公正的申述机会。
②The car crash claimed three lives.
那次撞车事故导致三人死亡。
③She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
她因受伤向公司索要损害赔偿金。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①Scientists claimed a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer. declared__宣布
【学会表达】翻译句子
②现在他们回来索要原本属于他们的东西。
Now__they__are__returning__to__claim__what__was__theirs.
——Grammar——
探究二 省略
省略：为了避免重复，或为了使句子更加简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。
语法点1 简单句中的省略
(1)省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常可以省略。主要有：祈使句中的主语和疑问句中的主语。
①(You) Shut up!
住嘴！
②(I) Beg your pardon.
请再说一遍。
③(It) Doesn't matter.
没关系。
④(You) Want a hand
需要帮忙吗？
(2)省略宾语：当两个句子的宾语一致时，第二句中的宾语可以省略。
—Do you know Miss Gao
—I don't know (her)．
——你认识高女士吗？
——我不认识(她)。
(3)省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确。此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
①(You come) This way, please.
请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)
②(Have you) Got any ink
你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
趁热打铁1
补全下列省略句
①Have a seat, please!
You__have__a__seat,__please!
②Looks like rain.
It__looks__like__rain.
③Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.
Let's__do__the__dishes.__I'll__wash__them/the__dishes__and__you'll__dry__them/the__dishes.
④Got any idea about the plan
Have__you__got__any__idea__about__the__plan
语法点2 并列句中的省略
在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。
(1)省略主语或宾语：当后面主语或宾语与前面一部分相同时，可以省略后一部分中共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher.
汤姆捡起了地上的书并把它交给了老师。
(2)省略系动词、助动词或情态动词：当两个分句主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
Tom will go to London, and Jane (will) return to New York.
汤姆将去伦敦，而简将回到纽约。
(3)省略主谓成分：当两个分句主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
They tried their best but (they tried) in vain.
他们尽力了，但是白费劲。
(4)若两个分句主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of first aid)．
他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。
趁热打铁2
把下列句子改为省略句
①Some of us study Japanese, and others study English.
→Some of us study Japanese, and others__English．
②He gave up drinking several months, but he returned to his old way later.
→He gave up drinking several months, but returned__to his old way later.
③I'd love to come but I can't come.
→I'd love to come but I__can't．
语法点3 复合句中的省略
(1)状语从句的省略
1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等引导的状语从句中，当从句谓语中含有be动词，且从句主语和主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it时，则从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。
①Whenever (they are) free, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
只要一有空，他们就会拦住他并问他这三个问题。
②Wood gives off much smoke while (it is) burning.
木头燃烧时产生很多烟。
③Will you be free this Sunday If (it is) so, let's go camping.
这个周日你有空吗？如果有空，我们去野营吧。
④When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water.
冰在加热的时候可以变成水。
省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。
2)在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些固定成分。
①They don't use more water than (it is) necessary.
他们用的水没有超出需要量。
②He runs as fast as Bob (runs)．
他和鲍勃跑得一样快。
并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after, before, because等引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语。 Because he was ill, he didn't attend the meeting. →Because of being ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (√) →Being ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (√) →Because ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (×) 由于生病，他没有出席会议。
趁热打铁3
(1)单句语法填空
①When surfing (surf) the Internet, I downloaded the film.
②Video games can be a poor influence if left (leave) in the wrong hands.
③You should remain silent in the meeting unless invited (invite) to speak.
(2)把下列句子改为省略句
①If it is so, I hope you will have a wonderful time.
→If__so,__I hope you will have a wonderful time.
②The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as__in__Guangzhou．
(2)定语从句的省略
1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
安吉拉和家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。
2)way作先行词，定语从句中缺状语时，关系词that/in which可以省略。
There are several different ways (that/in which) we can tackle this problem.
我们可以用几种不同的方法处理这个问题。
(3)宾语从句的省略
1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
①I truly believe (that) beauty comes from within.
我由衷地相信美来自内心。
②He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don't know when (he will come to our city).
我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。
趁热打铁4
(1)写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.that
②She didn't go to school yesterday, and I don't know why she didn't go to school yesterday. 第二个she__didn't__go__to__school__yesterday
(2)完成句子
①在水手们必须面临的诸多危险中，最大的恐怕就是雾了。
Among the many dangers (which/that)__sailors__have__to__face,__the greatest of all is probably fog.
②请把你们所有有关那些飓风的信息发送给我们。
Please send us all the information (that)__you__have about the hurricanes.
③他喜欢他儿子微笑的样子。
He loved the way (that/in__which)__his__son__smiled．
语法点4 其他省略情况
(1)动词不定式的省略
1)当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。
You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question)．
如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
2)用于某些使役动词，如：make, let, have等和感官动词，如：see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to，但在被动语态中，to不省略。
We often hear her sing English songs in the classroom.
→She is often heard to sing English songs in the classroom. (被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。
3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。
①He likes to swim and (to) skate. (并列)
他既喜欢游泳也喜欢溜冰。
②He believes it's important to study rather than to make friends. (比较)
他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。
4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略to后内容相同的部分，只保留to。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。
I would do it for you, but I don't know how to (do it for you)．
我愿意为你效劳，但是我不知道怎么去做。
5)介词but, except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
他所能做的只有等着看看(情况)。
6)当be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to中的不定式作复合谓语时，不定式可省略，但要保留to。
They didn't visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents)．
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
(1)省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。 (2)类似用法的有动词短语ought to, be going to, be about to, be supposed to, have to, used to及形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等。 He didn't come, but he ought to have (come)． 他没来，但他本应该来。 —Are you a farmer —No, but I used to be (a farmer)． ——你是农民吗？ ——不是，但我过去是(农民)。
趁热打铁5
单句语法填空
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to__wait (wait)．
②We can do nothing but give (give) up.
③He was noticed to__leave (leave) the office.
④The city now is much noisier than it used to__be (be)．
⑤My mother wouldn't let me go (go) to see the film.
(2)使用so, not等时的省略
在英语中，可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。
—Can you finish your work today
—I think so.
(—I don't think so./I think not.)
——你今天能完成工作吗？
——我认为能。
(——我认为不能。)
hope, guess, be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not ... so的形式。 —The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they —I guess not. ——男孩子们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？ ——我猜是没做好。
(3)介词的省略
一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：
①be busy (in) doing sth
②have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
③spend some time (in) doing sth
④stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth
The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
趁热打铁6
(1)单句语法填空
①To avoid making another mistakes, spend time doing (do) research on other majors.
②I have some trouble learning (learn) English.
(2)完成句子
①—Is he feeling better today
—I'm__afraid__not (恐怕没有好转).
②—Tom was injured, or he would have won the race.
—I__think__so (我认为如此)．
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
pre 在……之前 precisely,__precious, prefer, predict, precede
en 在……里面；使……做某事；进入；无，不；表示年幼，小 threaten,__brighten, sharpen, weaken, deepen
ency 表示行为，状态，性质 emergency,__currency, fluency, efficiency, persistency
able 可……的 reliable,__available, passable, sustainable, adjustable
二、描述一次自然灾害
I remember a time when a natural disaster 1.hit__our__area (袭击我们的地区). It was a heavy storm with 2.strong__winds (强风) and relentless rain. Suddenly, the sky 3.turned__dark (变黑), and the winds grew fiercer. Trees swayed, and some even broke. We had to quickly 4.close__all__the__windows__and__doors (关上所有窗户和门) to protect our home. It was scary, but we managed to 5.stay__safe (保持安全). The aftermath showed how powerful nature can be, with debris everywhere and some homes damaged. It was a reminder to always 6.be__prepared__for__such__events (为这样的事件做好准备)．
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能——天气预报
关于天气预报的英语听力，我们应预先了解天气预报相关词汇，如温度、湿度、风向、风力、降水概率等；其次仔细听录音，注意捕捉关键信息，如时间、地点、天气状况等；然后根据问题，有针对性地回答，注意答案的准确性和完整性；最后，如果不确定答案，可以再次听录音，或者根据常识和语境进行推断。
听力原文：
Good morning! Here's your weather update for the coming days. Expect a mix of sunshine and clouds today, with temperatures reaching a comfortable high of around 24℃. It's a great day to get out and enjoy some outdoor activities. Tomorrow, we'll see a slight decrease in temperature, with highs around 20℃. There might be a few scattered showers in the afternoon, so it's a good idea to keep an umbrella handy. The winds will be light, making it a pleasant day overall. Looking ahead to the next day, we're expecting clear skies and sunny weather again, with temperatures climbing back up to around 23℃. It's shaping up to be a beautiful stretch of weather. Make sure to stay hydrated and protect yourself from the sun's rays. Have a wonderful day!
1．What is the expected high temperature today
A．20℃. B．23℃.
C．24℃.
2．According to the weather forecast, which of the following statements is mentioned about the day after tomorrow
A．It will be cloudy with a chance of rain.
B．It will be sunny with clear skies.
C．It will be cooler with strong winds.
根据“Expect a mix of sunshine ... of around 24℃.”可知，今天最高温度预计为24℃左右，故第1题选C；根据题干关键词“the day after tomorrow”以及原文中的“Looking ahead to the next day ... with temperatures climbing back up to around 23℃.”可知，第2题选B。
二、对话表演
A：Hi, have you checked the weather forecast for tomorrow
B：Yeah, I did. It says it's going to be sunny with a high of around 25℃.
A：That's great! We can finally go for that hike we've been planning.
B：Sounds good. Should we bring any rain gear or umbrellas
A：No need. The forecast doesn't mention any rain. Just make sure to wear sunscreen and bring enough water.
B：Alright, I'll pack those. What time should we start
A：Let's aim for an early start, around 7 am. That way, we can avoid the midday heat.
B：Perfect. I'll set my alarm. See you tomorrow morning!
A：See you then. Have a good night!
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.blizzard A．v. 表明，标示
(C)2.avalanche B．n. 人造卫星
(D)3.tsunami C．n. 雪崩
(B)4.satellite D．n. 海啸
(A)5.indicate E．n. 暴风雪
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.consist of A．导致；结果是
(C)7.emergency aid B．自然灾害
(A)8.result in C．紧急援助
(D)9.suffer from D．遭受(痛苦)
(B)10.natural disaster E．由……组成
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．rescue n. 营救，解救
2．claim v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
3．grab v. 攫取，抓住
4．threaten v. 威胁到，危及
5．exceptionally adv. 极其，非常
6．precisely adv. 精确地，准确地
7．reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
8．crisis n. 危机
9．emergency n. 紧急情况，不测事件
10．forecast v. 预测，预报
Ⅲ.将下列句子改写为省略句
1．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.
→The burn she__got__from__the__iron was red and very__painful．
2．Just take a short break if you are tired.
→Just take a short break if__tired．
3．Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven't done a first aid course.
→Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most__haven't．
4．John will travel abroad but his brother will not travel abroad.
→John will travel abroad but his__brother__will__not．
5．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate as__if__waiting__for__someone．
6．If it is so, we must take immediate action to prevent further damage.
→If__so,__we must take immediate action to prevent further damage.
7．Though it is cold, he still wears a shirt.
→Though__cold,__he still wears a shirt.
8．The way in which/that he speaks to us is really annoying.
→The__way__he__speaks to us is really annoying.
Ⅳ.选词填空
forecast, emergency, precise, grab, threaten, claim, exception, rely
1．The shelf is about a meter long, precisely 98 centimeters.
2．The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster.
3．He sprang to his feet, grabbing his keys off the coffee table.
4．When threatened,__the animal will retreat into its shell.
5．We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard working.
6．Alarmingly, all life seems to be__claimed by the volcano.
7．While forecasting the weather, she noticed a potential storm approaching.
8．He's an exceptionally talented dancer and needs to practise several hours every day.
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．The meeting agenda will consist__of__three__main__topics (由三个主要话题组成)．
2．You__can__rely__on/upon__him (你可以信赖他) in that he is capable of calculating of the events accurately.
3．Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result__in__obesity (导致肥胖)．
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．他的建议使我高兴，但使吉姆生气了。(省略句)
His__advice__made__me__happy,__but__Jim__angry.
2．下次你进城时别忘了给我打电话。(next time引导时间状语从句)
Don't__forget__to__call__me__next__time__you__come__to__town.
3．她喜欢弹钢琴，而她的姐姐只对弹吉他感兴趣。(while连接并列句)
She__loves__playing__the__piano,__while__her__sister__is__only__interested__in__playing__the__guitar.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Ron and Sharon Ross, an old couple living in the town of Otis, woke up in the middle of the night. A neighbor was pounding on their door, __1__ for them to get out. A mountain fire was quickly heading its way from nearby Echo Mountain.
With 30 minutes to __2__ what they could take and go, they rushed to gather their valuables. But their __3__ was for their little puppy, Piper, which was getting __4__ with all the sudden movements and started to hide.
Just as they were looking for Piper, the power was __5__. They had to find flashlights and locate the puppy in a __6__ room. With a recent surgery on her arm, Sharon could only use one arm to hold the flashlight searching for it. Another problem in their __7__ plan: their truck was parked behind their garage, which __8__ with electric doors, now useless in the power failure. With all their strength, they finally opened it by hand, which ensured them a __9__ escape.
Time was ticking. However, they wouldn't go before helping a friend __10__， who was living alone in the same community, only to find nobody in. While going down the mountain toward safety, they saw a __11__ walking toward the fire. Despite the thick smoke, they could __12__ him. It was their friend walking to his house. Immediately, they turned around, picked him up, accompanied him __13__ to his house to fetch something valuable and then drove away together. Fortunately, both the couple and their friend survived.
The fire ended up destroying most homes in Otis, __14__ eleven lives and leaving the town hit heavily. Still, it strengthened their sense of community. Soon after, together with many others, Ron and Sharon Ross, who __15__ the disaster, instantly started their rebuilding efforts from ashes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在山火来临之际，Ron (罗恩)和Sharon Ross (莎朗·罗斯)这对老夫妇带着朋友一起逃生的故事。
1．A.yelling B．ringing
C．signing D．arranging
答案：A
解析：yell大喊；ring环绕；sign签字；arrange安排。根据后文“A mountain fire was quickly heading its way from nearby Echo Mountain.”可知，此处指山火即将到来，因此邻居大喊着让他们逃离。故选A。
2．A.store B．hide
C．count D．grab
答案：D
解析：store储存；hide躲藏；count计数，重要；grab抓住，(匆忙地)取，拿。根据后文“they rushed to gather their valuables”可知，此处指情况紧急，他们只能拿一些能带走的东西。故选D。
3．A.attention B．concern
C．curiosity D．comfort
答案：B
解析：attention注意力；concern担心；curiosity好奇心；comfort安慰。根据后文“which was getting __4__ with all the sudden movements and started to hide”可知，他们的小狗Piper (派珀)躲起来了，因此他们很担心它。故选B。
4．A.conscious B．anxious
C．energetic D．fearless
答案：B
解析：conscious有意识的；anxious焦虑的；energetic精力充沛的；fearless无畏的。根据后文“with all the sudden movements and started to hide”可知，此处指小狗Piper因半夜突然的活动而紧张起来。故选B。
5．A.cut down B．cut off
C．broken down D．break up
答案：B
解析：cut down削减；cut off停止，中断(供给)；break down发生故障；break up分手，破裂。根据后文“They had to find flashlights”可知，此处指停电了。故选B。
6．A.dark B．clean
C．messy D．silent
答案：A
解析：dark黑暗的；clean干净的；messy混乱的；silent安静的。根据前文提到停电以及“They had to find flashlights”可知，此处指房间很黑，所以他们寻找手电筒。故选A。
7．A.rescue B．escape
C．shelter D．repair
答案：B
解析：rescue救援；escape逃跑； shelter躲避；repair修理。根据语境及后文“which ensured them a __9__ escape”可知，此处指他们在发生火灾时的逃生计划。故选B。
8．A.operates B．presses
C．blocks D．pushes
答案：A
解析：operate操作；管理；press按，压； block阻塞；push推。根据后文“with electric doors”可知，此处指车库门是依靠电操作的。故选A。
9．A.quiet B．tough
C．secret D．quick
答案：D
解析：quiet安静的；tough艰难的；secret秘密的；quick快速的。根据前文“they finally opened it by hand”可知，此处指他们用手打开了车库门，因此可以开卡车快速地逃离。故选D。
10．A.on board B．in sight
C．in need D．under attack
答案：C
解析：on board在船(火车、飞机)上；in sight看得见；in need需要帮助的；under attack遭到攻击。根据后文“who was living alone in the same community”可知，朋友自己一个人住，此处指他是需要帮助的。故选C。
11．A.puppy B．stranger
C．figure D．rescuer
答案：C
解析：puppy小狗；stranger陌生人；figure人物，人影；rescuer救援者。根据后文“It was their friend walking to his house.”可知，此处指他们看到了一个人影。故选C。
12．A.ignore B．detect
C．recognize D．persuade
答案：C
解析：ignore忽视；detect发现，查明；recognize认出；persuade说服。根据后文“It was their friend walking to his house.”可知，此处指他们认出了这个人是他们的朋友。故选C。
13．A.around B．down
C．through D．back
答案：D
解析：around在周围；down向下；through穿过；back回原处。根据后文“to his house to fetch something valuable”可知，此处指陪他回去拿一些值钱的东西。故选D。
14．A.claiming B．saving
C．protecting D．rescuing
答案：A
解析：claim(灾难、事故等)夺走，夺去(生命)；save挽救；protect保护；rescue救援。根据后文“eleven lives”可知，此处指这场大火夺去了11个人的生命。故选A。
15．A.scheduled B．compared
C．shared D．experienced
答案：D
解析：schedule安排；compare比较；share分享；experience经历。根据前文内容可知，Ron和Sharon Ross经历了这次灾难。故选D。
Ⅱ 语法填空
The 2.4 km long Peljesac Bridge (佩列沙茨大桥), connecting Croatia's mainland with the Peljesac Peninsula on the country's southern Adriatic coast, __1__ (be) a Belt and Road Initiative project built by China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC).
The bridge has __2__ (significant) improved people's lives, cut travel time to the Adriatic coast __3__ increased economic __4__ (opportunity) for the region. “This bridge is not a luxury; it is our necessity，” said Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic when the bridge was opened.
The construction team attached great importance __5__ environmental protection. While __6__ (build) the bridge, they took different measures to create __7__ environmentally friendly site. A bubble curtain, a measure to reduce noise __8__ (cause) by underwater construction, was applied to decrease the disturbance to the wildlife in the sea and neighboring residents. In addition, oil containment zones were set up at the site __9__ (prevent) possible oil leaks.
“I have worked on some other big projects in Europe, but none compare with the Peljesac Bridge project，” Selma Knudsen said, __10__ worked as a commercial coordinator on the Peljesac Bridge project.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国路桥公司(CRBC)在克罗地亚承建的佩列沙茨大桥项目所带来的积极影响和成就。
1．答案：is
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语Peljesac Bridge表示单数意义。故填is。
2．答案：significantly
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词significantly作状语，修饰动词improved。故填significantly。
3．答案：and
解析：考查连词。句意：这座桥显著地改善了人们的生活，缩短了前往亚得里亚海沿岸的旅行时间，并增加了该地区的经济机会。根据句意可知，“__2__ (significant) improved people's lives, cut travel time to the Adriatic coast”与“increased economic”为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
4．答案：opportunities
解析：考查名词。设空处应用名词作increased的宾语，opportunity是可数名词，此处表示多个机会，应用名词复数。故填opportunities。
5．答案：to
解析：考查介词。attach great importance to意为“非常重视”，为固定搭配。故填to。
6．答案：building
解析：考查状语从句的省略。此处是While引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语they和从句谓语动词build是主动关系，此处表示正在进行的动作，应用进行时；在状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词。故填building。
7．答案：an
解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一个环保的网站”，且environmentally是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
8．答案：caused
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：采用气泡帘是一种减少水下建筑产生的噪音的措施，旨在减少对海上野生动物和附近居民的干扰。设空处应用非谓语动词，cause和noise之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语修饰noise。故填caused。
9．答案：to prevent
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，现场还设置了油品隔离区，防止可能出现的油品泄漏。此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to prevent。
10．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Selma Knudsen，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten year old Sami loved to visit his grandfather's house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa's place.
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather's village. There were hardly any trees left. He saw houses built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left.
Grandpa's house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door—one was Petu, and the other Betu. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest, juiciest coconuts.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. He tossed and turned (辗转反侧) in bed. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung to (抓紧) his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It's an earthquake！” They ran outside the house.
Suddenly, there was a loud sound; the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring. People were shouting, screaming and crying, “The sea is rising！” The villagers started running away from the beach. Sami watched with fear.
The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are！” He went into the house again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared.
Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near.” He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water came surging (汹涌) in.
Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Grandpa held Sami's hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Now they were up in Petu.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sami (萨米)在爷爷家度假，一天晚上，发生了地震，海水也上涨了，淹没了一切。Sami和爷爷能否幸存下来？灾难离去后，他们有什么感悟？
[精彩范文]
Grandpa held Sami's hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Grandpa fought the waves and tried to catch Sami, but failed. Sami was drifted away! Sami struggled to keep his head above the water. The water pushed him ahead. Fortunately, he caught Petu in Grandpa's courtyard. He climbed up it and saw his Grandpa struggling near Betu in the violent water. He screamed out to Grandpa to encourage him to approach Betu, but the water was so wild that it was difficult for the old man to reach Betu. An idea occurred to Sami. He quickly broke off a branch of Petu and stuck it to Grandpa. With the help of the branch, he pulled Grandpa up the tree.
Now they were up in Petu. Another wave came with terrifying speed and force, but they were safe thanks to the tree. They hugged each other, tears welling up in their eyes. They stayed there comforting each other, waiting the disaster to go away. After what seemed a long time, it was calm. Both Grandpa and Sami came down the tree and they hugged the tree with tears of gratitude. But for Petu, they would not be alive now. They knew Petu and Betu were part of their life.
精深阅读
In the hottest months of each year, many powerful storms are born in the Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, only about half a dozen cause the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are named hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coast. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and most seriously, bring death to large numbers of people.
The great storms that hit the coast start as harmless circling disturbances (大气搅动) hundreds, even thousands, of miles out at sea. As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds. When conditions are just right, warm, wet air flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes out at the top. In this course, the wetness in this warm air produces rains, and with it the heat is changed into energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to swirl (旋转) in a counter－clockwise (逆时针) motion.
The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days but it contains almost more power than we can imagine. The hidden energy of the heat given off by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the US for more than six months. Water, not wind, is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical hurricane brings 6－to－12－inch downpour resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea, the mountains of water moving toward the low pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves towards shore.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飓风的形成原理和它造成的严重破坏。
1．What is the most serious loss that hurricanes lead to
A．Strong winds.
B．People's death.
C．Heavy rainstorms.
D．A large amount of money.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There they cause ... large numbers of people.”可知，飓风最严重的后果是会导致大量人员的死亡。故选B。
2．In which season does a hurricane usually occur
A．Spring. B．Summer.
C．Autumn. D．Winter.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As they travel aimlessly ... by the trade winds.”可知，飓风通常发生在夏天。故选B。
3．The underlined word “downpour” probably refers to ________．
A．heavy rainfall
B．downward waves
C．the pour of seawater
D．the movement of circling disturbances
答案：A
解析：指代判断题。根据第三段中的“Water, not wind ... in a hurricane.(在飓风中，造成死亡和破坏的主要来源是水，而不是风。)”以及画线词所在句“A typical hurricane ... in sudden floods.”可知，一场典型的飓风会带来 6到12 英寸深的暴雨，导致突发的洪水。由此可推知，画线词指的是“暴雨”。故选A。
4．What is the passage mainly talking about
A．The motion of counter clockwise swirling.
B．The process of changing strong winds into storms.
C．The main cause of a hurricane and its severe destruction.
D．The hidden energy shown through destructive hurricanes.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段引出飓风的话题以及飓风造成的危害；第二段讲述了飓风的初级形态形成过程；第三段讲述了飓风的终极形态及其巨大的破坏力。因此这篇文章主要介绍了飓风形成的主要原因及其造成的严重破坏。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．powerful adj. 强大的，有影响力的；大功率的，高效能的
2．seriously adv. 严重地，恶劣地；严肃地，认真地
3．harmless adj. 无害的，不会导致损伤的
4．aimlessly adv. 漫无目的地，无目标地
5．entire adj. 全部的，整个的；完全的
(二)高频短语
6．bring death to 致死
7．large__numbers__of 大量的
8．give__off 发出；放出
9．result__in 导致；产生
10．move to/towards 朝着……移动
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．They spoke to me very seriously (serious) but politely.
12．His lecture ranged over a number of topics.
13．Our trips are all－inclusive—there are no hidden (hide) costs.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．He remains in a critical condition in a California hospital.状况
15．Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement. 活动；运动
16．When water levels rise, flooding results. 上升
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
satisfy，main，average
17．Her major argument was a moral one. main
18．The knowledge we owned from high school doesn't meet the need of modern society. satisfy
19．The ordinary adult man burns 1，500 to 2，000 calories per day.average
(六)长难句分析
20．Of these, only about half a dozen cause the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are named hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coast.
句意：在这些风暴中，只有大约6个会引发每小时75英里或更快速的强旋风，这些被称为飓风，而且有几个通常会向海岸移动。
分析：主干是only__about__half__a__dozen__cause__the__strong,__circling__winds_
_and__several__usually__make__their__way__to__the__coast；and连接两个并列分句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词winds。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．Fifty percent of road accidents result__in__head__injuries (致使头部受伤).
22．He helped energize and mobilize millions__of__people__around__the__nation (全国数百万人).
(八)仿写句子
23．As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds.(过去分词(短语)作后置定语)
仿写：这座建于300年前的剧院已成为著名的旅游景点。
The__theatre__built__300__years__ago__has__become__a__well－known__tourist__attraction.
1(共118张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
单元主题：人与自然——自然灾害及其防范和应对措施
Section Ⅱ Using language
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．tsunami n. _______
2．blizzard n. _________
3．avalanche n. ______
4．crisis n. _______
5．satellite n. __________
海啸
暴风雪
雪崩
危机
人造卫星
二、高频单词：写出英文单词
1．________ v. 预测，预报
2．________ adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
3．_______ n. 营救，解救
4．_________ n. 紧急情况，不测事件
forecast
reliable
rescue
emergency
三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．____________ adv. 极其，非常→__________ adj. 卓越的，杰出的；不寻常的，罕见的→_________ n. 例外，除外
2．________ v. 威胁到，危及→__________ adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的→___________ adj. 威胁(性)的，恐吓(性)的→______ n. 威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人(或事物)
3．________ adv. 精确地，准确地→_______ adj. 精确的，准确的；恰好的，确切的
exceptionally
exceptional
exception
threaten
threatened
threatening
threat
precisely
precise
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
1．grab 熟义：v. _____________
生义：v. (尤指匆忙地)取，吃，喝；利用；吸引
2．claim 熟义：n.& v. _____________
生义：v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；索要；索取
攫取，抓住
声称，断言
自主学习 课文语篇
写出下列句子中省略的部分
1．( ) Come in, please!
2．John is a lawyer, and his wife ( ) a teacher.
3．First degree burns turn white when ( ) pressed.
4．He is the man ( ) you can depend on.
5．The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother did not allow him to ( ) ．
6．It shows ( ) a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.
You
is
they are
who/whom/that
play football in the street
that
合作探究 课时重点
——Language Points——
探究一 热词
（一）高频词
1.forecast v．& n. 预测，预报(教材P86)
be forecast/forecasted to do sth 预测会做某事
It is forecast/forecasted that ... 据预测……
weather forecast 天气预报
demand/sales/financial forecast 需求/销售/财务预测
forecast period 预测期
【语境感知】
①The report forecasts that prices will rise by 3% next month.
该报告预测下个月物价将上涨3%。
②It is forecast/forecasted that this kind of fiber will have a great potential market in China.
据预测这种纤维在中国将有巨大的潜在市场。
③The weather forecast said there would be a heavy rain.
天气预报说将有大雨。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①This year it is forecast _______ (rise) by 87% to 31.3 billion yuan.
②It is forecasted _____ a snow storm is on the way.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③预测明天天气会好转。
____________________________________________________________________
to rise
that
The weather is forecast/forecasted to improve tomorrow.
2.reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的(教材P86)
rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠
rely on/upon 依靠；依赖
rely on/upon sb to do sth 依靠某人做某事
rely on/upon it that ... 相信……
【语境感知】
①We all think of him as a reliable man.
我们都认为他是一个值得信赖的人。
②You should rely on your own judgement.
你应该依靠自己的判断。
③You can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble.
当你有困难时，你可以依靠他来帮你。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We can rely on him _________ (respond) to a challenge.
②He is a ________ (rely) person and you can ask him for help.
③She may rely on ____ that the work will be finished ahead of time.
【学会表达】翻译句子
④我的车不像过去那样靠得住了。
____________________________________________________________________
⑤你可以相信我会为你保守秘密。
____________________________________________________________________
to respond
reliable
it
My car’s not as reliable as it used to be.
You can rely on/upon me to keep your secret.
3.rescue n. 营救；解救 v. 救援；营救(教材P87)
rescuer n. 救援者
come/go to one's rescue 挽救某人；搭救某人
rescue of 对……的救援
rescue workers 救援人员
rescue ... from ... 从……把……营救出来
【语境感知】
①After she was treated, she tearfully thanked her rescuers.
在接受了治疗后，她含泪感谢了救援人员。
②When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
③He rescued a child from drowning.
他救起了一名落水儿童。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He went to the rescue _____ a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.
②This little girl had a very big stroke of luck thanks to one particular ________ (rescue)．
【学会表达】翻译句子
③士兵们从失火的大楼中救出了孩子们。
_________________________________________________________________
of
rescuer
The soldiers rescued the kids from the burning building.
4.exceptionally adv. 极其，非常→___________ adj. 卓越的，杰出的；不寻常的，罕见的→__________ n. 例外，除外
（二）拓展词
【语境感知】
This project requires an exceptional team, and John's performance has been exceptionally good, making him an exception to the usual standards.
这个项目需要一个出色的团队，而约翰的表现特别好，使他成为通常标准的例外。
exceptional
exception
5.threaten v. 威胁到，危及→__________ adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的→____________ adj. 威胁(性)的，恐吓(性)的→_______ n. 威胁，恐吓；构成威胁的人(或事物)
【语境感知】
Being out of work is threatening, but the threat can urge the threatened workers to work harder.
失业是一种威胁，但这种威胁可能会促使受到威胁的工人更加努力地工作。
threatened
threatening
threat
6.precisely adv. 精确地，准确地→_______ adj. 精确的，准确的；恰好的，确切的
【语境感知】
Her instructions were precise, ensuring we knew precisely what to do.
她的指示很准确，确保了我们准确地知道该做什么。
precise
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①At the age of five he showed __________ (exception) talent as a musician.
②Anger is the natural reaction we experience when we feel _________ (threaten)．
【学会表达】翻译句子
③他说得很准确，言语中带有明显的威胁。
____________________________________________________________________
④这位新员工异常出色的工作威胁到了其他人的信心。
____________________________________________________________________
exceptional
threatened
He spoke precisely, his words carrying a clear threat.
The new employee’s exceptionally good work threatened the others’ confidence.
7.grab [熟义]v. 攫取，抓住
[生义]v.__________________________________________
（三）熟词生义
(尤指匆忙地)取，吃，喝；利用；吸引
【语境感知】
①Let's just grab a quick bite.
我们赶紧吃点东西吧。
②If you don't grab this opportunity, you might not get another one.
如果你不抓住这次机会，你可能再也没有机会了。
【学会理解】同义词替换
①I jumped on the wall to grab the attention of the crowd. _____________________
【学会表达】翻译句子
②咱们赶快吃个三明治就走吧。
____________________________________________________________________
catch/attract/draw 吸引
Let’s grab a sandwich before we go.
8.claim [熟义]n.& v. 声称，断言
[生义]v. ______________________________________
【语境感知】
①He claims (that) he was not given a fair hearing.
他声称他未得到公正的申述机会。
②The car crash claimed three lives.
那次撞车事故导致三人死亡。
③She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
她因受伤向公司索要损害赔偿金。
(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；索要；索取
【学会理解】同义词替换
①Scientists claimed a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer. _______________
【学会表达】翻译句子
②现在他们回来索要原本属于他们的东西。
____________________________________________________________________
declared 宣布
Now they are returning to claim what was theirs.
——Grammar——
探究二 省略
省略：为了避免重复，或为了使句子更加简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。
(1)省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常可以省略。主要有：祈使句中的主语和疑问句中的主语。
语法点1 简单句中的省略
①(You) Shut up!
住嘴！
②(I) Beg your pardon.
请再说一遍。
③(It) Doesn't matter.
没关系。
④(You) Want a hand
需要帮忙吗？
(2)省略宾语：当两个句子的宾语一致时，第二句中的宾语可以省略。
—Do you know Miss Gao
—I don't know (her)．
——你认识高女士吗？
——我不认识(她)。
(3)省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确。此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
①(You come) This way, please.
请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)
②(Have you) Got any ink
你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
趁热打铁1
补全下列省略句
①Have a seat, please!
____________________________________________________________________
②Looks like rain.
____________________________________________________________________
③Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.
____________________________________________________________________
④Got any idea about the plan
____________________________________________________________________
You have a seat, please!
It looks like rain.
Let’s do the dishes. I’ll wash them/the dishes and you’ll dry them/the dishes.
Have you got any idea about the plan
在由and或but连接的并列句中，常省略一些重复的词或词组。
(1)省略主语或宾语：当后面主语或宾语与前面一部分相同时，可以省略后一部分中共同的主语或宾语。
Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) handed it to his teacher.
汤姆捡起了地上的书并把它交给了老师。
(2)省略系动词、助动词或情态动词：当两个分句主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。
Tom will go to London, and Jane (will) return to New York.
汤姆将去伦敦，而简将回到纽约。
语法点2 并列句中的省略
(3)省略主谓成分：当两个分句主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。
They tried their best but (they tried) in vain.
他们尽力了，但是白费劲。
(4)若两个分句主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of first aid)．
他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。
趁热打铁2
把下列句子改为省略句
①Some of us study Japanese, and others study English.
→Some of us study Japanese, and _____________．
②He gave up drinking several months, but he returned to his old way later.
→He gave up drinking several months, but __________ his old way later.
③I'd love to come but I can't come.
→I'd love to come but ________．
others English
returned to
I can’t
(1)状语从句的省略
1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等引导的状语从句中，当从句谓语中含有be动词，且从句主语和主句的主语相同或从句的主语为it时，则从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。
①Whenever (they are) free, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.
只要一有空，他们就会拦住他并问他这三个问题。
②Wood gives off much smoke while (it is) burning.
木头燃烧时产生很多烟。
语法点3 复合句中的省略
③Will you be free this Sunday If (it is) so, let's go camping.
这个周日你有空吗？如果有空，我们去野营吧。
④When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water.
冰在加热的时候可以变成水。
省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系，则使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则使用不定式。
2)在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些固定成分。
①They don't use more water than (it is) necessary.
他们用的水没有超出需要量。
②He runs as fast as Bob (runs)．
他和鲍勃跑得一样快。
并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after, before, because等引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语。
Because he was ill, he didn't attend the meeting.
→Because of being ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (√)
→Being ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (√)
→Because ill, he didn't attend the meeting. (×)
由于生病，他没有出席会议。
趁热打铁3
(1)单句语法填空
①When ________ (surf) the Internet, I downloaded the film.
②Video games can be a poor influence if ______ (leave) in the wrong hands.
③You should remain silent in the meeting unless ________ (invite) to speak.
(2)把下列句子改为省略句
①If it is so, I hope you will have a wonderful time.
→______， I hope you will have a wonderful time.
②The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild ________________．
surfing
left
invited
If so
as in Guangzhou
(2)定语从句的省略
1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。
The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
安吉拉和家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2008年。
2)way作先行词，定语从句中缺状语时，关系词that/in which可以省略。
There are several different ways (that/in which) we can tackle this problem.
我们可以用几种不同的方法处理这个问题。
(3)宾语从句的省略
1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
①I truly believe (that) beauty comes from within.
我由衷地相信美来自内心。
②He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该牢记在心。
2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don't know when (he will come to our city).
我知道一个电影明星将要来我们市，但我不知道他什么时候来。
趁热打铁4
(1)写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. ______
②She didn't go to school yesterday, and I don't know why she didn't go to school yesterday.
___________________________________
that
第二个she didn’t go to school yesterday
(2)完成句子
①在水手们必须面临的诸多危险中，最大的恐怕就是雾了。
Among the many dangers _________________________， the greatest of all is probably fog.
②请把你们所有有关那些飓风的信息发送给我们。
Please send us all the information ______________ about the hurricanes.
③他喜欢他儿子微笑的样子。
He loved the way __________________________．
(which/that) sailors have to face
(that) you have
(that/in which) his son smiled
(1)动词不定式的省略
1)当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。
You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question)．
如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
语法点4 其他省略情况
2)用于某些使役动词，如：make, let, have等和感官动词，如：see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to，但在被动语态中，to不省略。
We often hear her sing English songs in the classroom.
→She is often heard to sing English songs in the classroom. (被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室唱英文歌。
3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。
①He likes to swim and (to) skate. (并列)
他既喜欢游泳也喜欢溜冰。
②He believes it's important to study rather than to make friends. (比较)
他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。
4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略to后内容相同的部分，只保留to。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。
I would do it for you, but I don't know how to (do it for you)．
我愿意为你效劳，但是我不知道怎么去做。
5)介词but, except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
他所能做的只有等着看看(情况)。
6)当be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to中的不定式作复合谓语时，不定式可省略，但要保留to。
They didn't visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents)．
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
(1)省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。
(2)类似用法的有动词短语ought to, be going to, be about to, be supposed to, have to, used to及形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等。
He didn't come, but he ought to have (come)．
他没来，但他本应该来。
—Are you a farmer
—No, but I used to be (a farmer)．
——你是农民吗？
——不是，但我过去是(农民)。
趁热打铁5
单句语法填空
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but ________ (wait)．
②We can do nothing but ______ (give) up.
③He was noticed ________ (leave) the office.
④The city now is much noisier than it used ______ (be)．
⑤My mother wouldn't let me ______ (go) to see the film.
to wait
give
to leave
to be
go
(2)使用so, not等时的省略
在英语中，可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。
—Can you finish your work today
—I think so.
(—I don't think so./I think not.)
——你今天能完成工作吗？
——我认为能。
(——我认为不能。)
hope, guess, be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not ... so的形式。
—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they
—I guess not.
——男孩子们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？
——我猜是没做好。
(3)介词的省略
一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有：
①be busy (in) doing sth
②have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
③spend some time (in) doing sth
④stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth
The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
趁热打铁6
(1)单句语法填空
①To avoid making another mistakes, spend time _____ (do) research on other majors.
②I have some trouble ________ (learn) English.
(2)完成句子
①—Is he feeling better today
—____________ (恐怕没有好转).
②—Tom was injured, or he would have won the race.
—__________ (我认为如此)．
doing
learning
I’m afraid not
I think so
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
pre ____________ ________， precious, prefer, predict, precede
——Vocabulary——
一、构词法
在……之前
precisely
en __________________________；进入；无，不；表示年幼，小 ________， brighten, sharpen, weaken, deepen
ency 表示__________________ __________， currency, fluency, efficiency, persistency
able ___________ ________， available, passable, sustainable, adjustable
在……里面;使……做某事
threaten
行为，状态，性质
emergency
可……的
reliable
二、描述一次自然灾害
I remember a time when a natural disaster 1.___________ (袭击我们的地区). It was a heavy storm with 2.____________ (强风) and relentless rain. Suddenly, the sky 3.__________ (变黑), and the winds grew fiercer. Trees swayed, and some even broke. We had to quickly 4.__________________________ (关上所有窗户和门) to protect our home. It was scary, but we managed to 5.________ (保持安全). The aftermath showed how powerful nature can be, with debris everywhere and some homes damaged. It was a reminder to always 6.________________________ (为这样的事件做好准备)．
hit our area
strong winds
turned dark
close all the windows and doors
stay safe
be prepared for such events
一、听力微技能——天气预报
关于天气预报的英语听力，我们应预先了解天气预报相关词汇，如温度、湿度、风向、风力、降水概率等；其次仔细听录音，注意捕捉关键信息，如时间、地点、天气状况等；然后根据问题，有针对性地回答，注意答案的准确性和完整性；最后，如果不确定答案，可以再次听录音，或者根据常识和语境进行推断。
——Listening and Speaking——
听力原文：
Good morning! Here's your weather update for the coming days. Expect a mix of sunshine and clouds today, with temperatures reaching a comfortable high of around 24℃. It's a great day to get out and enjoy some outdoor activities. Tomorrow, we'll see a slight decrease in temperature, with highs around 20℃. There might be a few scattered showers in the afternoon, so it's a good idea to keep an umbrella handy. The winds will be light, making it a pleasant day overall. Looking ahead to the next day, we're expecting clear skies and sunny weather again, with temperatures climbing back up to around 23℃. It's shaping up to be a beautiful stretch of weather. Make sure to stay hydrated and protect yourself from the sun's rays. Have a wonderful day!
1．What is the expected high temperature today
A．20℃. B．23℃.
C．24℃.
2．According to the weather forecast, which of the following statements is mentioned about the day after tomorrow
A．It will be cloudy with a chance of rain.
B．It will be sunny with clear skies.
C．It will be cooler with strong winds.
根据“Expect a mix of sunshine ... of around 24℃.”可知，今天最高温度预计为24℃左右，故第1题选C；根据题干关键词“the day after tomorrow”以及原文中的“Looking ahead to the next day ... with temperatures climbing back up to around 23℃.”可知，第2题选B。
二、对话表演
A：Hi, have you checked the weather forecast for tomorrow
B：Yeah, I did. It says it's going to be sunny with a high of around 25℃.
A：That's great! We can finally go for that hike we've been planning.
B：Sounds good. Should we bring any rain gear or umbrellas
A：No need. The forecast doesn't mention any rain. Just make sure to wear sunscreen and bring enough water.
B：Alright, I'll pack those. What time should we start
A：Let's aim for an early start, around 7 am. That way, we can avoid the midday heat.
B：Perfect. I'll set my alarm. See you tomorrow morning!
A：See you then. Have a good night!
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
( )1.blizzard A．v. 表明，标示
( ) 2.avalanche B．n. 人造卫星
( ) 3.tsunami C．n. 雪崩
( ) 4.satellite D．n. 海啸
( ) 5.indicate E．n. 暴风雪
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
( )6.consist of A．导致；结果是
( ) 7.emergency aid B．自然灾害
( ) 8.result in C．紧急援助
( ) 9.suffer from D．遭受(痛苦)
( ) 10.natural disaster E．由……组成
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．______ n. 营救，解救
2．______ v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
3．_____ v. 攫取，抓住
4．________ v. 威胁到，危及
5．____________ adv. 极其，非常
rescue
claim
grab
threaten
exceptionally
6．________ adv. 精确地，准确地
7．_______ adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
8．______ n. 危机
9．_________ n. 紧急情况，不测事件
10．________ v. 预测，预报
precisely
reliable
crisis
emergency
forecast
Ⅲ.将下列句子改写为省略句
1．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.
→The burn __________________ was red and ___________．
2．Just take a short break if you are tired.
→Just take a short break _______．
3．Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven't done a first aid course.
→Only some of the students have done a first aid course but _____________．
she got from the iron
very painful
if tired
most haven’t
4．John will travel abroad but his brother will not travel abroad.
→John will travel abroad but ________________．
5．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood at the gate _______________________．
6．If it is so, we must take immediate action to prevent further damage.
→______， we must take immediate action to prevent further damage.
7．Though it is cold, he still wears a shirt.
→_____________， he still wears a shirt.
8．The way in which/that he speaks to us is really annoying.
→__________________ to us is really annoying.
his brother will not
as if waiting for someone
If so
Though cold
The way he speaks
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．The shelf is about a meter long, ________ 98 centimeters.
2．The pilots had to take __________ action to avoid a disaster.
3．He sprang to his feet, _________ his keys off the coffee table.
4．When __________， the animal will retreat into its shell.
5．We are looking for someone who is ________ and hard working.
6．Alarmingly, all life seems to __________ by the volcano.
7．While __________ the weather, she noticed a potential storm approaching.
8．He's an ___________ talented dancer and needs to practise several hours every day.
forecast, emergency, precise, grab, threaten, claim, exception, rely
precisely
emergency
grabbing
threatened
reliable
be claimed
forecasting
exceptionally
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．The meeting agenda will _______________________ (由三个主要话题组成)．
2．_____________________ (你可以信赖他) in that he is capable of calculating of the events accurately.
3．Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can _______________ (导致肥胖)．
consist of three main topics
You can rely on/upon him
result in obesity
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．他的建议使我高兴，但使吉姆生气了。(省略句)
____________________________________________________________________
2．下次你进城时别忘了给我打电话。(next time引导时间状语从句)
____________________________________________________________________
3．她喜欢弹钢琴，而她的姐姐只对弹吉他感兴趣。(while连接并列句)
____________________________________________________________________
His advice made me happy, but Jim angry.
Don’t forget to call me next time you come to town.
She loves playing the piano, while her sister is only interested in playing the guitar.
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Ron and Sharon Ross, an old couple living in the town of Otis, woke up in the middle of the night. A neighbor was pounding on their door, __1__ for them to get out. A mountain fire was quickly heading its way from nearby Echo Mountain.
With 30 minutes to __2__ what they could take and go, they rushed to gather their valuables. But their __3__ was for their little puppy, Piper, which was getting __4__ with all the sudden movements and started to hide.
Just as they were looking for Piper, the power was __5__. They had to find flashlights and locate the puppy in a __6__ room. With a recent surgery on her arm, Sharon could only use one arm to hold the flashlight searching for it. Another problem in their __7__ plan: their truck was parked behind their garage, which __8__ with electric doors, now useless in the power failure. With all their strength, they finally opened it by hand, which ensured them a __9__ escape.
Time was ticking. However, they wouldn't go before helping a friend __10__， who was living alone in the same community, only to find nobody in. While going down the mountain toward safety, they saw a __11__ walking toward the fire. Despite the thick smoke, they could __12__ him. It was their friend walking to his house. Immediately, they turned around, picked him up, accompanied him __13__ to his house to fetch something valuable and then drove away together. Fortunately, both the couple and their friend survived.
The fire ended up destroying most homes in Otis, __14__ eleven lives and leaving the town hit heavily. Still, it strengthened their sense of community. Soon after, together with many others, Ron and Sharon Ross, who __15__ the disaster, instantly started their rebuilding efforts from ashes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在山火来临之际，Ron (罗恩)和Sharon Ross (莎朗·罗斯)这对老夫妇带着朋友一起逃生的故事。
1．A.yelling B．ringing
C．signing D．arranging
解析：yell大喊；ring环绕；sign签字；arrange安排。根据后文“A mountain fire was quickly heading its way from nearby Echo Mountain.”可知，此处指山火即将到来，因此邻居大喊着让他们逃离。故选A。
2．A.store B．hide
C．count D．grab
解析：store储存；hide躲藏；count计数，重要；grab抓住，(匆忙地)取，拿。根据后文“they rushed to gather their valuables”可知，此处指情况紧急，他们只能拿一些能带走的东西。故选D。
3．A.attention B．concern
C．curiosity D．comfort
解析：attention注意力；concern担心；curiosity好奇心；comfort安慰。根据后文“which was getting __4__ with all the sudden movements and started to hide”可知，他们的小狗Piper (派珀)躲起来了，因此他们很担心它。故选B。
4．A.conscious B．anxious
C．energetic D．fearless
解析：conscious有意识的；anxious焦虑的；energetic精力充沛的；fearless无畏的。根据后文“with all the sudden movements and started to hide”可知，此处指小狗Piper因半夜突然的活动而紧张起来。故选B。
5．A.cut down B．cut off
C．broken down D．break up
解析：cut down削减；cut off停止，中断(供给)；break down发生故障；break up分手，破裂。根据后文“They had to find flashlights”可知，此处指停电了。故选B。
6．A.dark B．clean
C．messy D．silent
解析：dark黑暗的；clean干净的；messy混乱的；silent安静的。根据前文提到停电以及“They had to find flashlights”可知，此处指房间很黑，所以他们寻找手电筒。故选A。
7．A.rescue B．escape
C．shelter D．repair
解析：rescue救援；escape逃跑； shelter躲避；repair修理。根据语境及后文“which ensured them a __9__ escape”可知，此处指他们在发生火灾时的逃生计划。故选B。
8．A.operates B．presses
C．blocks D．pushes
解析：operate操作；管理；press按，压； block阻塞；push推。根据后文“with electric doors”可知，此处指车库门是依靠电操作的。故选A。
9．A.quiet B．tough
C．secret D．quick
解析：quiet安静的；tough艰难的；secret秘密的；quick快速的。根据前文“they finally opened it by hand”可知，此处指他们用手打开了车库门，因此可以开卡车快速地逃离。故选D。
10．A.on board B．in sight
C．in need D．under attack
解析：on board在船(火车、飞机)上；in sight看得见；in need需要帮助的；under attack遭到攻击。根据后文“who was living alone in the same community”可知，朋友自己一个人住，此处指他是需要帮助的。故选C。
11．A.puppy B．stranger
C．figure D．rescuer
解析：puppy小狗；stranger陌生人；figure人物，人影；rescuer救援者。根据后文“It was their friend walking to his house.”可知，此处指他们看到了一个人影。故选C。
12．A.ignore B．detect
C．recognize D．persuade
解析：ignore忽视；detect发现，查明；recognize认出；persuade说服。根据后文“It was their friend walking to his house.”可知，此处指他们认出了这个人是他们的朋友。故选C。
13．A.around B．down
C．through D．back
解析：around在周围；down向下；through穿过；back回原处。根据后文“to his house to fetch something valuable”可知，此处指陪他回去拿一些值钱的东西。故选D。
14．A.claiming B．saving
C．protecting D．rescuing
解析：claim(灾难、事故等)夺走，夺去(生命)；save挽救；protect保护；rescue救援。根据后文“eleven lives”可知，此处指这场大火夺去了11个人的生命。故选A。
15．A.scheduled B．compared
C．shared D．experienced
解析：schedule安排；compare比较；share分享；experience经历。根据前文内容可知，Ron和Sharon Ross经历了这次灾难。故选D。
Ⅱ 语法填空
The 2.4 km long Peljesac Bridge (佩列沙茨大桥), connecting Croatia's mainland with the Peljesac Peninsula on the country's southern Adriatic coast, __1__ (be) a Belt and Road Initiative project built by China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC).
The bridge has __2__ (significant) improved people's lives, cut travel time to the Adriatic coast __3__ increased economic __4__ (opportunity) for the region. “This bridge is not a luxury; it is our necessity，” said Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic when the bridge was opened.
The construction team attached great importance __5__ environmental protection. While __6__ (build) the bridge, they took different measures to create __7__ environmentally friendly site. A bubble curtain, a measure to reduce noise __8__ (cause) by underwater construction, was applied to decrease the disturbance to the wildlife in the sea and neighboring residents. In addition, oil containment zones were set up at the site __9__ (prevent) possible oil leaks.
“I have worked on some other big projects in Europe, but none compare with the Peljesac Bridge project，” Selma Knudsen said, __10__ worked as a commercial coordinator on the Peljesac Bridge project.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国路桥公司(CRBC)在克罗地亚承建的佩列沙茨大桥项目所带来的积极影响和成就。
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语Peljesac Bridge表示单数意义。故填is。
1．答案：is
2．答案：significantly
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词significantly作状语，修饰动词improved。故填significantly。
解析：考查连词。句意：这座桥显著地改善了人们的生活，缩短了前往亚得里亚海沿岸的旅行时间，并增加了该地区的经济机会。根据句意可知，“__2__ (significant) improved people's lives, cut travel time to the Adriatic coast”与“increased economic”为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
3．答案：and
4．答案：opportunities
解析：考查名词。设空处应用名词作increased的宾语，opportunity是可数名词，此处表示多个机会，应用名词复数。故填opportunities。
解析：考查介词。attach great importance to意为“非常重视”，为固定搭配。故填to。
5．答案：to
6．答案：building
解析：考查状语从句的省略。此处是While引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语they和从句谓语动词build是主动关系，此处表示正在进行的动作，应用进行时；在状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词。故填building。
解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一个环保的网站”，且environmentally是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
7．答案：an
8．答案：caused
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：采用气泡帘是一种减少水下建筑产生的噪音的措施，旨在减少对海上野生动物和附近居民的干扰。设空处应用非谓语动词，cause和noise之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语修饰noise。故填caused。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，现场还设置了油品隔离区，防止可能出现的油品泄漏。此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to prevent。
9．答案：to prevent
10．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Selma Knudsen，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
Ⅲ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ten year old Sami loved to visit his grandfather's house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm trees with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa's place.
This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather's village. There were hardly any trees left. He saw houses built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left.
Grandpa's house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door—one was Petu, and the other Betu. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest, juiciest coconuts.
One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. He tossed and turned (辗转反侧) in bed. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung to (抓紧) his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It's an earthquake！” They ran outside the house.
Suddenly, there was a loud sound; the earth was not splitting but the sea was roaring. People were shouting, screaming and crying, “The sea is rising！” The villagers started running away from the beach. Sami watched with fear.
The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are！” He went into the house again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared.
Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near.” He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water came surging (汹涌) in.
Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Now they were up in Petu.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sami (萨米)在爷爷家度假，一天晚上，发生了地震，海水也上涨了，淹没了一切。Sami和爷爷能否幸存下来？灾难离去后，他们有什么感悟？
[精彩范文]
Grandpa held Sami's hand tightly but a huge wave separated them. Grandpa fought the waves and tried to catch Sami, but failed. Sami was drifted away! Sami struggled to keep his head above the water. The water pushed him ahead. Fortunately, he caught Petu in Grandpa's courtyard. He climbed up it and saw his Grandpa struggling near Betu in the violent water. He screamed out to Grandpa to encourage him to approach Betu, but the water was so wild that it was difficult for the old man to reach Betu. An idea occurred to Sami. He quickly broke off a branch of Petu and stuck it to Grandpa. With the help of the branch, he pulled Grandpa up the tree.
Now they were up in Petu. Another wave came with terrifying speed and force, but they were safe thanks to the tree. They hugged each other, tears welling up in their eyes. They stayed there comforting each other, waiting the disaster to go away. After what seemed a long time, it was calm. Both Grandpa and Sami came down the tree and they hugged the tree with tears of gratitude. But for Petu, they would not be alive now. They knew Petu and Betu were part of their life.
In the hottest months of each year, many powerful storms are born in the Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, only about half a dozen cause the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are named hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coast. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and most seriously, bring death to large numbers of people.
精深阅读
The great storms that hit the coast start as harmless circling disturbances (大气搅动) hundreds, even thousands, of miles out at sea. As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds. When conditions are just right, warm, wet air flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes out at the top. In this course, the wetness in this warm air produces rains, and with it the heat is changed into energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to swirl (旋转) in a counter－clockwise (逆时针) motion.
The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days but it contains almost more power than we can imagine. The hidden energy of the heat given off by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the US for more than six months. Water, not wind, is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical hurricane brings 6－to－12－inch downpour resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea, the mountains of water moving toward the low pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves towards shore.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飓风的形成原理和它造成的严重破坏。
1．What is the most serious loss that hurricanes lead to
A．Strong winds.
B．People's death.
C．Heavy rainstorms.
D．A large amount of money.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There they cause ... large numbers of people.”可知，飓风最严重的后果是会导致大量人员的死亡。故选B。
2．In which season does a hurricane usually occur
A．Spring. B．Summer.
C．Autumn. D．Winter.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As they travel aimlessly ... by the trade winds.”可知，飓风通常发生在夏天。故选B。
3．The underlined word “downpour” probably refers to ________．
A．heavy rainfall
B．downward waves
C．the pour of seawater
D．the movement of circling disturbances
解析：指代判断题。根据第三段中的“Water, not wind ... in a hurricane.(在飓风中，造成死亡和破坏的主要来源是水，而不是风。)”以及画线词所在句“A typical hurricane ... in sudden floods.”可知，一场典型的飓风会带来 6到12 英寸深的暴雨，导致突发的洪水。由此可推知，画线词指的是“暴雨”。故选A。
4．What is the passage mainly talking about
A．The motion of counter clockwise swirling.
B．The process of changing strong winds into storms.
C．The main cause of a hurricane and its severe destruction.
D．The hidden energy shown through destructive hurricanes.
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段引出飓风的话题以及飓风造成的危害；第二段讲述了飓风的初级形态形成过程；第三段讲述了飓风的终极形态及其巨大的破坏力。因此这篇文章主要介绍了飓风形成的主要原因及其造成的严重破坏。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．__________ adj. 强大的，有影响力的；大功率的，高效能的
2．seriously adv. _________________________________
3． _________ adj. 无害的，不会导致损伤的
4．aimlessly adv. _______________________
5．entire adj. __________________________
powerful
严重地，恶劣地；严肃地，认真地
harmless
漫无目的地，无目标地
全部的，整个的；完全的
(二)高频短语
6．bring death to ______
7． ________________ 大量的
8．_________发出；放出
9．_________导致；产生
10．move to/towards ______________
致死
large numbers of
give off
result in
朝着……移动
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
11．They spoke to me very __________ (serious) but politely.
12．His lecture ranged over a number _____ topics.
13．Our trips are all－inclusive—there are no _______ (hide) costs.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
14．He remains in a critical condition in a California hospital. ________
15．Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement. ____________
16．When water levels rise, flooding results. ______
seriously
of
hidden
状况
活动；运动
上升
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
17．Her major argument was a moral one. _______
18．The knowledge we owned from high school doesn't meet the need of modern society. _______
19．The ordinary adult man burns 1，500 to 2，000 calories per day. _______
satisfy，main，average
main
satisfy
average
(六)长难句分析
20．Of these, only about half a dozen cause the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are named hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coast.
句意：在这些风暴中，只有大约6个会引发每小时75英里或更快速的强旋风，这些被称为飓风，而且有几个通常会向海岸移动。
分析：主干是________________________________________________________
______________________________；and连接两个并列分句；that引导_______从句，修饰先行词______。
only about half a dozen cause the strong, circling winds and several usually make their way to the coast
定语
winds
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
21．Fifty percent of road accidents ____________________ (致使头部受伤).
22．He helped energize and mobilize _______________________________ (全国数百万人).
result in head injuries
millions of people around the nation
(八)仿写句子
23．As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds.(过去分词(短语)作后置定语)
仿写：这座建于300年前的剧院已成为著名的旅游景点。
____________________________________________________________________
The theatre built 300 years ago has become a well－known tourist attraction.
