人教新目标九年级英语 Unit11使役动词 make 核心用法全解析（含多样强化训练&答案和解析）

人教新目标九年级英语 Unit11使役动词 make 核心用法全解析（含强化训练）
一、核心规则总纲
make 是英语中高频使役动词，核心用法可总结为：主动语态接不带 to 的动词原形，被动语态必须还原 to，即 “主动不用 to，被动必还原”。除此之外，make 还可接形容词、名词、过去分词等作宾语补足语，且有多个实用短语，是英语学习的重点和易错点。
二、主动语态的核心用法
主动语态中，make 后接宾语补足语时，核心结构多样，需重点掌握以下 5 类：
2.1 主语 + make + sb + do sth（让某人做某事）
结构特点：宾语补足语为不带 to 的动词原形，这是使役动词 make 的标志性用法。
例句：
The teacher often makes us recite English poems in class.（老师经常让我们在课堂上背英语诗）
The heavy rain made us stay at home for the whole weekend.（大雨让我们整个周末都待在家里）
His courage made everyone respect him.（他的勇气让所有人都尊重他）
2.2 make + sb /sth + adj（让某人 / 某物处于某种状态）
结构特点：宾语补足语为形容词，直接说明宾语的状态变化。
例句：
The warm sunlight makes the room bright.（温暖的阳光让房间明亮起来）
That rude comment made her angry.（那句无礼的评论让她很生气）
Regular exercise makes the body strong.（规律锻炼让身体强壮）
2.3 make + sb /sth + n（使某人 / 某物成为某物）
结构特点：宾语补足语为名词，强调 “转化为某种身份或状态”。
例句：
Hard work made him a successful businessman.（努力工作让他成为一名成功的商人）
We made the small room a reading corner.（我们把这个小房间改成了阅读角）
Her dedication made her a role model for the team.（她的投入让她成为团队的榜样）
2.4 make + sth + done（让某事被做）
结构特点：宾语补足语为过去分词，强调动作由他人完成，宾语与补足语是被动关系。
例句：
She made her car repaired before the long trip.（长途旅行前她让人修了车）
We need to make our opinions known to the public.（我们需要让公众了解我们的观点）
He made the report written by his assistant.（他让助手写了这份报告）
2.5 make it + 形容词 / 名词 + to do sth /that 从句（形式宾语结构）
结构特点：it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式或从句，避免句子结构失衡。
例句：
The government made it possible for people to get free medical care.（政府让人们获得免费医疗成为可能）
He made it a habit that he reads English every night.（他养成了每晚读英语的习惯）
She made it easy for us to solve the problem.（她让我们很容易就解决了问题）
三、被动语态的规则转换
3.1 核心规则
主动语态中 make 后省略的 to，在被动语态中必须还原，构成 “sb be made to do sth（某人被迫做某事）”。
3.2 转换示例
主动：The boss made the employees work on weekends.（老板让员工周末上班）
被动：The employees were made to work on weekends by the boss.（员工们被迫周末上班）
主动：The teacher makes the students practice speaking every day.（老师让学生每天练习口语）
被动：The students are made to practice speaking every day by the teacher.（学生们每天被迫练习口语）
主动：His parents made him learn the piano.（他的父母让他学钢琴）
被动：He was made to learn the piano by his parents.（他被迫学钢琴）
3.3 注意事项
被动语态中，make 的其他结构（如接形容词、名词）转换时，无需调整补足语形式，仅需改变 make 的语态：
主动：The news made her happy.（这个消息让她开心）
被动：She was made happy by the news.（她被这个消息弄得很开心）
四、make 的常见短语及用法
除使役用法外，make 还可构成多个高频短语，需结合语境记忆：
短语 含义 例句
make up 编造；弥补；组成 She made up a story to explain her absence.（她编造了一个故事解释缺席的原因） 2. He tried to make up for the lost time by working overtime.（他通过加班努力弥补失去的时间）
make out 辨认出；理解 It was dark, and I could barely make out the road sign.（天黑了，我几乎看不清路标） 2. I can’t make out what he is saying.（我听不懂他在说什么）
make for 走向；有助于 We made for the exit as soon as the meeting ended.（会议一结束我们就走向出口） 2. A positive attitude makes for success.（积极的态度有助于成功）
make sure 确保；查明 Make sure you turn off all the lights before leaving.（离开前确保关掉所有灯）
make into 把…… 制成…… They make bamboo into chairs and tables.（他们把竹子制成桌椅）
make of 用…… 制作（看得出原材料） The table is made of wood.（这张桌子是木头做的，看得出原材料）
make from 用…… 制作（看不出原材料） Paper is made from wood.（纸是用木头做的，看不出原材料）
make up 1. 编造（谎言、故事）；2. 弥补（损失、时间）；3. 组成（团体、比例）；4. 化妆 1. She made up an excuse for being late.（她为迟到编造了一个借口）2. He tried to make up for his mistake by helping others.（他通过帮助别人努力弥补自己的错误）3. Women make up 40% of the company’s employees.（女性占公司员工的 40%）4. She spends 30 minutes making up every morning.（她每天早上花 30 分钟化妆）
make out 1. 辨认出（模糊事物）；2. 理解（复杂内容）；3. 勉强维持（生活） 1. I can barely make out the handwriting on this old letter.（我几乎看不清这封旧信上的字迹）2. Can you make out what the professor is talking about （你能理解教授在讲什么吗？）3. They made out on a small income after retirement.（退休后他们靠微薄的收入勉强维持生活）
make for 1. 走向（某地）；2. 有助于（达成目标、产生结果） 1. As soon as the rain stopped, we made for the nearest village.（雨一停，我们就向最近的村庄走去）2. Regular reading makes for better language skills.（定期阅读有助于提升语言能力）
make sure 确保；查明（某事属实或完成） 1. Make sure you lock the door before you leave the house.（离开家前确保锁好门）2. I called the restaurant to make sure our reservation was still valid.（我给餐厅打电话确认我们的预订是否仍然有效）
make into 把…… 制成 / 改造成……（强调形态或用途的转变） 1. The carpenter made the old tree trunk into a coffee table.（木匠把老树干做成了一张咖啡桌）2. They made the abandoned school into a community center.（他们把废弃的学校改造成了社区中心）
make of 1. 用…… 制作（看得出原材料）；2. 理解、看待（某人 / 某事） 1. This bracelet is made of silver and glass beads.（这个手镯是用银和玻璃珠做的）2. What do you make of his strange behavior lately （你怎么看待他最近奇怪的行为？）
make from 用…… 制作（看不出原材料，多经化学变化） 1. Wine is made from grapes.（葡萄酒是用葡萄做的）2. The medicine is made from several kinds of Chinese herbs.（这种药是用几种中草药制成的）
make sense 有意义；讲得通；合理 1. His explanation didn’t make sense, so no one believed him.（他的解释讲不通，所以没人相信他）2. It makes sense to start preparing for the exam early.（提前开始准备考试是合理的）
make friends 交朋友；建立友谊 1. She is very outgoing and easily makes friends with new classmates.（她性格开朗，很容易和新同学交朋友）2. We made friends with a local family during our trip to Japan.（去日本旅行时，我们和当地一户人家成了朋友）
make money 赚钱；挣钱 1. He started his own business to make more money for his family.（他自己创业，为家人赚更多钱）2. Some people make money by selling handmade crafts online.（有些人通过在网上卖手工艺品赚钱）
make a difference 有影响；起作用（多指积极影响） 1. Even small acts of kindness can make a big difference in someone’s day.（即使是小小的善举，也能给别人的一天带来很大影响）2. Your support will make a difference to the success of the project.（你的支持对项目的成功会起重要作用）
make a mistake 犯错误 1. Don’t be afraid to make a mistake when learning a new language.（学习新语言时别怕犯错误）2. He made a mistake in calculating the total cost, so we had to adjust the budget.（他计算总成本时出了错，所以我们不得不调整预算）
make a decision 做决定；下定决心 1. We need to make a decision about where to go for our summer vacation.（我们需要决定暑假去哪里）2. She found it hard to make a decision between the two job offers.（她很难在两个工作机会之间做决定）
make progress 取得进步；有进展 1. With consistent practice, he has made great progress in playing the guitar.（通过持续练习，他在弹吉他方面取得了很大进步）2. The project is making slow but steady progress.（这个项目进展缓慢但稳定）
make an effort 努力；尽力（做某事） She made a great effort to improve her public speaking skills.（她努力提升自己的公共演讲能力） 2. Everyone should make an effort to protect the environment.（每个人都应该努力保护环境）
make a living 谋生；维持生计 His father makes a living by fishing in the coastal area.（他父亲靠在沿海地区捕鱼谋生） 2. She makes a living as a freelance writer for magazines.（她作为杂志自由撰稿人谋生）
make fun of 取笑；嘲笑（含贬义，避免滥用） It’s not polite to make fun of people with disabilities.（嘲笑残疾人是不礼貌的） 2. The other kids made fun of his unusual hairstyle, which made him sad.（其他孩子嘲笑他奇怪的发型，这让他很伤心）
make room for 为…… 腾出空间；让位于…… Please make room for the pregnant woman on the crowded bus.（在拥挤的公交车上，请为这位孕妇腾出空间） 2. The old library was torn down to make room for a new shopping mall.（旧图书馆被拆除，为新商场腾出空间）
make a promise 承诺；许诺 1. He made a promise to his mother that he would study harder.（他向妈妈承诺会更努力学习）2. If you make a promise, you should keep it.（如果你许下承诺，就应该遵守）
make trouble 惹麻烦；制造麻烦 The naughty boy often makes trouble at school, which worries his teachers.（这个调皮的男孩经常在学校惹麻烦，让老师很担心） 2. Don’t make trouble for your classmates by being late.（别因为迟到给同学惹麻烦）
make peace 讲和；和解；平息（争端） After arguing for hours, they finally decided to make peace with each other.（争吵了几个小时后，他们最终决定和解） 2. The government sent a representative to make peace with the rebel group.（政府派代表与反叛组织讲和）
五、高频易错点与辨析
5.1 主动语态误加 to
错误：She made me to clean the room.
正确：She made me clean the room.
解析：主动语态中，make 后接动词原形作宾语补足语，必须省略 to。
5.2 被动语态漏还原 to
错误：The children were made do homework all night.
正确：The children were made to do homework all night.
解析：被动语态中，make 后必须还原 to，构成 “be made to do” 结构。
5.3 与 let、have 的区别（同为使役动词）
相同点：主动语态后均接不带 to 的动词原形。
不同点：被动语态时，仅 make 需还原 to，let 和 have 无需还原。
例句：
主动：Let him go. / Have her finish the task.
被动：He was let go.（不能说 was let to go）/ She was had to finish the task（错误，have 常用 get sth done 替代被动）
5.4 make sb do 与 make sb doing 的误区
错误：The noise made him crying.
正确：The noise made him keep crying.（用 keep doing 表持续）
解析：make 后不能直接接 doing 形式，表 “让某人持续做某事” 需用 “make sb keep doing /continue doing”。
5.5 形式宾语 it 的遗漏
错误：She made easy for us to learn English.
正确：She made it easy for us to learn English.
解析：当真正宾语（不定式 / 从句）过长时，必须用 it 作形式宾语，不可省略。
六、即学即练
（一）单项选择
The kind old man always ______ the homeless kids feel warm.（ ）
A. makes B. make C. made D. making
The workers ____ to finish the project in three days by the manager yesterday.（ ）
A. made B. were made C. were made to D. made to
Which of the following sentences is correct （ ）
A. My mom made me to clean my room.
B. The funny show made everyone laughed.
C. He was made to practice the piano every evening.
D. This book makes her becomes a better reader.
They ______ their voices ______ at the meeting.（ ）
A. made; hear B. made; heard C. made; to hear D. were made; hear
She made ______ clear that she would not attend the party.（ ）
A. that B. it C. this D. one
答案：1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B
解析：
主语是第三人称单数，“always” 表一般现在时，故选 A。
被动语态需还原 to，“yesterday” 用一般过去时，故选 C。
A 多 to，B 需用 laugh，D 需用 become，C 符合被动结构，故选 C。
表 “让声音被听到”，用 make sth done，故选 B。
it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是 that 从句，故选 B。
（二）句型转换
The coach made the players run 5 kilometers every morning.（改为被动语态）
→ The players were made to run 5 kilometers every morning by the coach.
The bad news made her very upset.（改为感叹句）
→ How upset the bad news made her!
The noise made him keep covering his ears.（对划线部分提问）
→ What made him keep covering his ears
She made it easy for us to solve the problem.（改为一般疑问句）
→ Did she make it easy for us to solve the problem
People make wine from grapes.（改为被动语态）
→ Wine is made from grapes by people.
（三）改错
She made her little sister to wash the dishes.
→ 错误：to wash；改正：wash（主动语态省略 to）
The students were made do more exercises after class.
→ 错误：made do；改正：made to do（被动语态还原 to）
He made it a rule that he get up early.
→ 错误：get；改正：gets（that 从句需用陈述句语序，主语 he 后用三单）
We made a decision make a plan first.
→ 错误：make；改正：to make（make a decision 后接不定式）
The movie made me feeling excited.
→ 错误：feeling；改正：feel（make 后接动词原形）
七、强化训练题
（一）单项选择（10 题）
The manager ______ the staff work overtime to finish the task on time.（ ）
A. made B. let C. had D. all of the above
The old photo ______ me think of my childhood.（ ）
A. makes B. makes to C. is made D. is made to
The poor girl ______ to work in the factory when she was 12 years old.（ ）
A. made B. was made C. was made to D. was letting
They ______ the old house ______ a library last year.（ ）
A. made; into B. made; of C. made; from D. made; up
Can you ______ out what he is writing （ ）
A. make B. take C. get D. find
She made ______ a rule to exercise for 30 minutes every morning.（ ）
A. that B. it C. this D. her
Early rising ______ for good health.（ ）
A. makes up B. makes out C. makes for D. makes sure
The teacher made sure that all the students ______ the question.（ ）
A. understand B. understands C. understood D. to understand
The broken window ______ by Tom yesterday.（ ）
A. made to repair B. was made to repair C. made repair D. was made repair
Which sentence is wrong （ ）
A. The story made everyone laugh.
B. He was made to leave the company.
C. She made me to wait for an hour.
D. We made the room clean and tidy.
（二）完形填空（1 篇）
It was a cold winter morning. The teacher 1 the students close the windows to keep warm. But Tom forgot to do so. When the teacher found it, she didn’t get angry. Instead, she 2 Tom realize his mistake gently. She said, “Closing windows can 3 us from catching colds. It’s important for our health.” Tom felt sorry and promised to remember next time.
In the afternoon, the teacher 4 the students do a group project. Tom’s group had trouble, but the teacher didn’t help them directly. She 5 it easy for them to find the solution by giving hints. Finally, they finished the project successfully. Tom learned that the teacher’s kindness 6 her the most popular teacher in the class.
Later, Tom heard that the teacher 7 to work extra hours to prepare lessons every day. She never complained, because she loved her job. Tom made up his mind to study hard to 8 up for the teacher’s efforts.
A. made B. let C. had D. A, B and C
A. made B. made to C. was made D. was made to
A. make B. protect C. keep D. stop
A. made B. asked C. told D. ordered
A. made B. took C. found D. kept
A. made B. made of C. made from D. made into
A. made B. was made C. was made to D. made to
A. make B. take C. get D. put
（三）短文改错（10 处错误）
Last week, my teacher made me to give a speech in class. I was very nervous, but my teacher told me to make it easy. She said that practice makes perfect and encouraged me to make up more confidence. I spent three nights preparing the speech and made sure that I could make out every word clearly.
On the day of the speech, I was so nervous that I could hardly make my voice hear. But when I saw my teacher’s smile, I calmed down. Finally, I finished the speech successfully. My classmates made a lot of noise to cheer me on. After class, the teacher said I did well and made me feel proudly. She also made a suggestion that I should practice speaking more often to make my English better.
I think this experience made me to grow up. It made me realize that with hard work, we can make impossible possible.
（四）句型转换（5 题）
My father made me finish my homework before watching TV.（改为被动语态）
The beautiful music makes us relaxed.（改为感叹句）
She made a dress from silk.（对划线部分提问，划线部分：from silk）
He made it clear that he would support us.（改为一般疑问句）
The boss made the workers work 10 hours a day.（改为同义句，用 get sth done 结构）
（五）翻译题
汉译英（5 题）
父母让他每天练习钢琴。
这个故事让所有听众都哭了。
他被迫放弃了自己的梦想。
我们需要让别人了解我们的想法。
早睡有助于身体健康。
英译汉（5 题）
The funny video made millions of people laugh.
She was made to apologize for her rude behavior.
They made the old factory into a modern art center.
Make sure you check your answers before handing in the paper.
Hard work can make impossible things possible.
八、强化训练题参考答案与解析
（一）单项选择
答案：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C
解析：
make、let、have 作为使役动词，主动语态后均接不带 to 的动词原形，故选 D。
主动语态，make 后接动词原形，故选 A。
被动语态需还原 to，一般过去时，故选 C。
表 “把旧房改成图书馆”，用 make into，故选 A。
make out 意为 “辨认出”，符合句意，故选 A。
it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式，故选 B。
make for 意为 “有助于”，句意 “早起有助于健康”，故选 C。
宾语从句时态与主句一致（made 为过去时），故选 C。
被动语态还原 to，“窗户被汤姆修理”，故选 B。
C 选项主动语态多了 to，正确应为 made me wait，故选 C。
（二）完形填空
答案：1.D 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A
解析：
make、let、have 均可接不带 to 的动词原形，故选 D。
主动语态，make 后接动词原形，故选 A。
keep sb from doing sth 意为 “阻止某人做某事”，符合句意，故选 C。
make sb do sth 意为 “让某人做某事”，其他选项后需接 to do，故选 A。
make it easy for sb to do sth 为固定结构，故选 A。
表 “使她成为最受欢迎的老师”，用 make sb + 名词，故选 A。
被动语态还原 to，“被迫加班”，故选 C。
make up for 意为 “弥补”，固定短语，故选 A。
（三）短文改错
第一句：to give → give（主动语态省略 to）
第二句：make it easy → take it easy（固定短语 “放松点”）
第三句：make up → build up（build up confidence “增强信心”，make up 无此用法）
第三句：make out → make sure（make sure “确保”，make out “辨认”，此处语义不符）
第五句：hear → heard（make one’s voice heard “让别人听到自己的声音”）
第七句：made a lot of noise → made a lot of noises（noise 表 “欢呼声” 时为可数名词）
第八句：proudly → proud（make sb + 形容词，proud 为形容词）
第八句：make a suggestion → made a suggestion（全文为过去时，保持时态一致）
第九句：to grow up → grow up（make 后接动词原形）
第十句：make impossible possible → make the impossible possible（加定冠词 the，表特指）
（四）句型转换
I was made to finish my homework before watching TV by my father.
解析：被动语态还原 to，宾语 I 变为主语，原主语用 by 引出。
How relaxed the beautiful music makes us!
解析：核心形容词为 relaxed，用 “How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构。
What did she make the dress from
解析：对原材料提问用 what，一般过去时加助动词 did，made 还原为 make。
Did he make it clear that he would support us
解析：一般过去时的一般疑问句，加助动词 did，made 还原为 make。
The boss got the workers to work 10 hours a day.
解析：get sb to do sth 与 make sb do sth 同义，符合要求。
（五）翻译题
汉译英
His parents make him practice the piano every day.
The story made all the listeners cry.
He was made to give up his dream.
We need to make our ideas known to others.
Going to bed early makes for good health.
英译汉
这个有趣的视频让数百万人笑了。
她被迫为自己的粗鲁行为道歉。
他们把这座旧工厂改成了现代艺术中心。
交卷前确保检查答案。
努力工作能让不可能的事情成为可能。
九、学习建议
牢记核心规则 “主动不用 to，被动必还原”，并通过例句反复巩固。
区分 make 的使役用法与实义用法（制作、短语），避免混淆。
多做句型转换和改错练习，强化对易错点的敏感度。
结合语境记忆短语，避免孤立背诵，提高运用能力。