期末培优 语法填空专项练习（含答案与解析）2025-2026学年高一上学期英语人教版(2019)
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| 名称 | 期末培优 语法填空专项练习（含答案与解析）2025-2026学年高一上学期英语人教版(2019) |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-12-01 13:37:51 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 赣州期中）It was the ambition of an eleven year old boy in Kansas City to be an engine﹣driver．Born without arms，he had been sent to special schools（1） he learned to use his（2） （foot）as "hands"．He spent all his spare time（3） （watch） trains and one day his dream came（4） （truth）．Seeing a deserted engine，the boy climbed in，he had no（5） （difficult） in starting it up with his feet．Soon he was traveling along（6） forty miles an hour．Signalmen could not see the young driver，so they set out（7） （stop） the train．Meanwhile the boy reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself，and then（8） （make） it go backwards．When he was near home，a railway﹣man caught up with the engine and stopped it．At first，he was very angry，but he smiled when the boy said（9） （simple），"I like trains．" "Well，I'm glad you don't like planes!" answered（10） railway﹣man．
2．Earthquakes are quite common.In fact，thousands of earthquakes（1） （happen）almost at every moment.（2） ，most of them are too weak to feel.During a big earthquake，there is often a big noise first.Then the earth shakes（3） （terrible） and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly （4） （nature）disasters in the world，earthquakes often result in many people being injured or killed.In 2008，a severe earthquake hit China's Sichuan Province，（5） （kill） lots of people there.
Besides the great damage and （6） （death）caused by the earthquake，other accidents such（7） fires often follow.More buildings may be damaged and more（8） （injure）may be caused.For centuries，people（9） （be）making studies of earthquakes.It's said that about 2，000 years ago，for example，someone invented a machine which could find out the direction （10） the earthquake waves came.
3．A colossal（巨大的）volcanic eruption caused a tsunami（海啸）（1） struck the island nation of Tonga.Two days after that，severed communication lines left people around the world waiting （2） （anxious）for news of their loved ones.
（3） last Saturday night，an undersea volcano about 40 miles north of Tonga's main island belched（喷出） ash，gas and steam more than 12 miles into the air，creating a cloud of sulfur dioxide（二氧化硫）over （4） region，and disabling a crucial（至关重要的）submarine Internet cable（电缆）．It was believed to be the largest volcanic eruption in three （5） （decade），with the shock wave （6） （travel） thousands of miles.
Hours later，Tonga，a country of around 100，000 people，（7） （attack） by a tsunami.Waves up to four feet hit Nukualofa，the Tongan capital．Footage（片段镜头）（8） （share） in the final moments before the Internet connection was cut showed people running inland，searching desperately for （9） （high） ground in a very flat country.
The volcano，Hunga Tonga﹣Hunga Ha'apai，erupted again on Monday but did not trigger（触发） a tsunami warning.Tonga （10） （sit） along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"，a series of fault lines where earthquakes and volcanic activity are frequent.
4．A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on 28 July，1976.In the earthquake two thirds of the people living there were dead or injured.People were greatly （1） （shock） because nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay （2） ruins.Water，food and electricity were hard to get and people began to wonder how long the disaster （3） （last）.It seemed as if the world were coming to （4） end.
The people of Tangshan didn't lose hope because 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best （5） （dig） out those （6） were trapped.Workers built shelters for （7） （survivor）.Water and food were taken to the city by every means.（8） （slow），the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the earthquake，strange things happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells rose and （9） （fall）.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard，but people were asleep （10） usual that night.
5．One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours.When people saw their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges （1） （destroy） over floods，they cried.Of course，many people（2） （lose） their lives.After it was over，people walked through the mud（泥） left behind（3） （find）as many things as they could.Some cried sadly over what they had lost.Others cried with joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down，though，a（4） （surprise） thing happened.People immediately started to help each other.Some （5） （willing） donated food，water，clothing，and cash to help those （6） had lost everything.Others went out in the deep mud，（7） （help） clean up the damage.Still others spent their days carrying some （8） （supply） to the people who needed them.
（9） is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us.The love，care，and compassion（同情） that is a win those days have touched my soul.It has made me realize how good people really are.May we always come together in both good and bad times.May we always do all we can to fill our life （10） love.
6．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） （happen）. For several days the water in the village wells became higher and then lower. The well walls had deep cracks （2） them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the city，（3） people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（4） （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28， 1976， in which more than 400，000 people died or（5） （injure）. Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked. Food， water and electricity in the city was completely destroyed and the world seemed （6） （be）at an end.It was one of the （7） （big）earthquake of the 20th century， which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up （8） （they），and 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those（9） were trapped. Workers built shelters for the （10） （survive）. Food and water were taken to the city by every means. Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
7．This report is about how to be polite． It tells about how we can make （1） （we）language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset（使生气）someone from another culture．
It has been found that words such as "would" and "could" can be used（2） （help） us to be polite．For example， it is much（3） （good）to say "Would you do this？" than "Do this! " It is also suggested（4） it should be useful to say "Please" and "Thank you．" People from the West like to use these words in（5） （situation）where some people in Asia may not think it necessary．（6） （say）"Sorry" if we interrupt or disagree（7） someone also helps us to be polite．For example， when we disagree， we should say "I'm sorry， but I think you are mistaken" rather than "You're wrong!"
In（8） （conclude），we need to know（9） custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed（尴尬的）．It seems that if people learn something about other（10） （culture） backgrounds before they visit new countries， they will be less likely to upset others．
8．The death toll from a powerful typhoon sweeping across China's east coast rose to 30 on Sunday，with（1） least 18 still missing，after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million（2） （leave） their homes，the state news media reported.
（3） （near）5 million people in Zhejiang Province have been affected by the storm，Typhoon Lekima，（4） made landfall early Saturday，according to the reports.Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County，near the city of Wenzhou，when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people，said CCTV.
The typhoon，which packed winds of up to 116 mph，caused major travel disruptions（中断）across the region，（5） （include） in Shanghai，with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended.Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday.
Officials in the city of Linhai，near Taizhou，said on Sunday that the typhoon（6） （cause）the worst flooding there in the 70﹣year history of the People's Republic of China，with water levels as high as 36（7） （foot） causing major power failures.State news reports showed people wading through waist﹣high water in the centuries﹣old city's narrow alleyways.
Lekima，China's（8） （nine） typhoon of the year，is expected to make（9） second landing on Sunday evening farther north in Shandong Province，the state news media said.（10） （much） air travel disruptions are possible.
9．Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province，（1） suggested that something terrible was on its way.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers didn't know the reason（2） their dogs refused to go inside buildings.Unfortunately，the city's one million people（3） were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.
At 3：42 am，a terrible earthquake（4） nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan.Two thirds of the people（5） lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children（6） parents died in the earthquake were left homeless.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to the area（7） the disaster happened to dig out those（8） were trapped and to bury the dead.
The whole nation will never forget the day，28 July 1976，（9） Tangshan lay in ruins.Soon after that，（10） is known to all，Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet.The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster，people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.
10．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） （happen）.For several days，the water in the village Wells became （2） （high）and even lower.The well walls had deep cracks（3）
them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely.Other strange things also happened in the city，（4） people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（5） （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，（6） more than 400，000 people died or （7） （injure）.Many houses fell down and filled the wells instead of water.People were （8） （great）shocked.Food，water and electricity in the city were hard（9） （get）and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city（10） （destroy） and the world seemed （11） （be） at an end.It was one of the（12） （big） earthquakes of the 20th century，（13） even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up（14） （they），and 150，000 soldiers（15） （send）to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those who（16） （trap）.Workers built shelters for the（17） （survive）.Food and water（18） （take） to the city by every means.Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
11．Several days before July 28，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the well，and even（1） （smell） gas was coming out of one well.Some animals also had some unusual behavior.But people in the city， （2） were asleep as usual that night，didn't think much of these.At 3：42am，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century broke out.It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing.In less than one minute，Tangshan （3） （lie） in ruins.The number of people who were killed or（4） （terrible） injured in the quake（5） （be） more than 400，000.Later that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan again.More buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard（6） （get）.But all the hope wasn't lost.Soon after the quakes，teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.
Many more people，（7） （include） workers and doctors，came to provide help.Through all the（8） （effort），the city began to breathe again.Today，（9） new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins，which has proved（10） the entire world that in times of disasters，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
12．
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary （1） drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student （2） is often praised for her good works at school.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eye was caught by a large picture （3） was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse （4） was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse.The man （5） was riding on it looked like a living man.
It was the best picture （6） I had ever seen.I should say Mary is the best young painter （7） I have ever heard of.However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter.One of her teachers told me that （8） had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter （9） has ever been heard of in her hometown.So if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree（10） you.
13．Sarah Jayne is a twenty﹣year﹣old girl from the U．K．After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much （1） （good） place if everyone could do three favors（善意的行为） for others．She lost her father （2） the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friends's children whose dad died （3） （recent）．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother's life easier．
This "success" led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school （4） （help） improve the students' mental（心理的） health．Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost （5） （she） eyesight．It was Anna that（6） （introduce） the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago．As she loved reading，it was （7） real act of kindness to spend time （8） （read） out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night．
Sarah said，"I couldn't believe at first how three small favors could make a big（9） （different）．All the people （10） were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward．"
14．As the（1） （found）of the republic，the president had many good qualities.Before（2） （come） to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to （3） （selfless） help everyone who turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated.Later，（4） （believe）all mankind to be equal，he devoted himself （5） stopping the unfair anti﹣black laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he kept peaceful principles without （6） （violent） and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape（7） （sentence） to 30 years in prison.
Not fearing of the prison guards' cruelty，he kept active and（8） （beg） no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always（9） （hope）and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.
（10） （final） ，people rewarded him with the leader's position and a gold blanket.
15．I will tell you a story（1） is very interesting.It is about a good man（2） is called Tom.Tom married a girl（3） name is Jane.Jane is the girl（4） Tom loves.They live in a house（5） was built by Tom's father.It is an old house（6） Tom was born.It is in the house（7） he was born that they got married.Tom likes to write stories and Jane loves all the stories（8） Tom writes.They have 5 children，3 of（9） are boys.The children are very clever，（10） makes Tom very happy.All the children go to college，（11） their parents expect.Tom once said he would never forget the day（12） he met Jane.Tom believes that Jane is the most beautiful girl（13） he has ever met.That is the reason（14） he wanted to marry her.Jane said that Tom was the person with（15） she would live for a whole life.They are really a happy couple，from（16） we can learn a lot.Their children live in a family（17） their parents are treating them like friends.We all admire the way（18） Tom treats his children.He is a good man with（19） everyone would like to live.
Tom is one of the villagers（20） have been reported in the newspaper and he is the only one of those villagers who has acted in a film.
期末培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 赣州期中）It was the ambition of an eleven year old boy in Kansas City to be an engine﹣driver．Born without arms，he had been sent to special schools（1） where he learned to use his（2） feet （foot）as "hands"．He spent all his spare time（3） watching （watch） trains and one day his dream came（4） true （truth）．Seeing a deserted engine，the boy climbed in，he had no（5） difficulty （difficult） in starting it up with his feet．Soon he was traveling along（6） at forty miles an hour．Signalmen could not see the young driver，so they set out（7） to stop （stop） the train．Meanwhile the boy reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself，and then（8） made （make） it go backwards．When he was near home，a railway﹣man caught up with the engine and stopped it．At first，he was very angry，but he smiled when the boy said（9） simply （simple），"I like trains．" "Well，I'm glad you don't like planes!" answered（10） the railway﹣man．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了一个无臂男孩开火车的故事．
这个孩子天生没有手臂，在特别学校里他学会了用脚当手来用．他每天观察火车，终于有一天发现了一辆没人驾驶的火车，他爬上去用脚开动起火车，以每小时40英里开出去，然后开回来，好在被一个铁路职工停下来，当他解释他喜欢火车的时候，这个职工说"我很高兴你不喜欢飞机"
【解答】61．where．考查关系词．先行词special schools在定语从句he learned to use his做地点状语，表示"在这些学校他学会了用脚当手"．
62．feet．考查名词．根据下文with his feet可知他用脚做事．
63．watching．考查非谓语动词．固定句式spend time doing sth 表示"花费时间做某事"．
64．true．考查固定短语．come true表示"实现"．
65．difficulty．考查派生词．no 后用名词difficulty表示"做某事没用困难"．
66．at．考查介词．表示速度用at．at forty miles an hour表示"以每小时40英里"．
67．to stop．考查非谓语动词．set out to do 表示"出发去做某事"．
68．made．考查谓语动词．根据前面并列的二个谓语reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself可知第三个谓语用过去式made．
69．simply．考查副词．修饰动词 said用副词simply．
70．the．考查冠词．第二次提到这个铁路职工，用定冠词the．
【点评】考查语法填空．
定冠词是虚词，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义．区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的"那个"或"这个"的意思．它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用
2．Earthquakes are quite common.In fact，thousands of earthquakes（1） are happening （happen）almost at every moment.（2） However ，most of them are too weak to feel.During a big earthquake，there is often a big noise first.Then the earth shakes（3） terribly （terrible） and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly （4） natural （nature）disasters in the world，earthquakes often result in many people being injured or killed.In 2008，a severe earthquake hit China's Sichuan Province，（5） killing （kill） lots of people there.
Besides the great damage and （6） deaths （death）caused by the earthquake，other accidents such（7） as fires often follow.More buildings may be damaged and more（8） injuries （injure）may be caused.For centuries，people（9） have been （be）making studies of earthquakes.It's said that about 2，000 years ago，for example，someone invented a machine which could find out the direction （10） where the earthquake waves came.
【答案】（1）are happening（2）However（3）terribly（4）natural（5）killing（6）deaths（7）as（8）injuries（9）have been（10）where
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地震时常发生这一实，介绍了地震造成的巨大危害和损失。
【解答】（1）are happening.考查动词时态。句意：事实上，成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生。此处指成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生，根据时间状语at every moment可知用现在进行时。主语为thousands of earthquakes ，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are happening。
（2）However.考查副词。句意：然而大多数都太弱而感觉不到。设空处前后内容之间是转折关系，此处单独作状语，故填However。
（3）terribly.考查副词。句意：然后大地剧烈震动，许多房屋倒塌。此处修饰动词shake应用副词，故填terribly。
（4）natural.考查形容词。句意：作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一，地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。此处指"自然的"灾害，应用形容词修饰名词disasters，nature的形容词是natural，故填natural。
（5）killing.考查现在分词。句意：2008年，中国四川省发生强烈地震，造成许多人死亡。分析句子结构可知，本句kill用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语a severe earthquake是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填killing。
（6）deaths.考查名词的数。句意：除了地震造成的巨大损失和死亡，其他事故如火灾也经常随之而来。由and前的the great damage可知此处用名词，指"地震造成的极大破坏和死亡"，由语境可知应用复数名词。故填deaths。
（7）as.考查固定短语。句意：除了地震造成的巨大损失和死亡，其他事故如火灾也经常随之而来。此处表示"例如，诸如"应用短语such as，故填as。
（8）injuries.考查名词的数。句意：更多的建筑物可能被破坏，更多的伤害可能被造成。由and前的More buildings可知此处用复数名词，故填injuries。
（9）have been.考查动词时态。句意：句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直在研究地震。根据句中的时间状语For centuries（几个世纪以来）可知应使用现在完成时态，再结合空后的making可知最好使用现在完成进行时，故填have been。
（10）where.考查定语从句关系词。句意：例如，大约2000年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，可以找出地震波来的方向。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the direction ，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语指地震波从哪个方向过来，用关系副词where引导，故填where。
【点评】高考语法填空是一道综合性比较强，考查点比较多的一个题型。考查形式分为有提示词以及无提示词，考生要理解语篇，必须灵活运用各种语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。最后再通读全文。
3．A colossal（巨大的）volcanic eruption caused a tsunami（海啸）（1） that/which struck the island nation of Tonga.Two days after that，severed communication lines left people around the world waiting （2） anxiously （anxious）for news of their loved ones.
（3） On last Saturday night，an undersea volcano about 40 miles north of Tonga's main island belched（喷出） ash，gas and steam more than 12 miles into the air，creating a cloud of sulfur dioxide（二氧化硫）over （4） the region，and disabling a crucial（至关重要的）submarine Internet cable（电缆）．It was believed to be the largest volcanic eruption in three （5） decades （decade），with the shock wave （6） travelling （travel） thousands of miles.
Hours later，Tonga，a country of around 100，000 people，（7） was attacked （attack） by a tsunami.Waves up to four feet hit Nukualofa，the Tongan capital．Footage（片段镜头）（8） shared （share） in the final moments before the Internet connection was cut showed people running inland，searching desperately for （9） higher （high） ground in a very flat country.
The volcano，Hunga Tonga﹣Hunga Ha'apai，erupted again on Monday but did not trigger（触发） a tsunami warning.Tonga （10） sits （sit） along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"，a series of fault lines where earthquakes and volcanic activity are frequent.
【答案】（1）that/which（2）anxiously（3）On（4）the（5）decades（6）travelling（7）was attacked（8）shared（9）higher（10）sits
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文主要介绍了发生在汤加的火山喷发，给汤加造成了很大的灾害。
【解答】（1）考查定语从句。句意：一次巨大的火山喷发引发了海啸，袭击了岛国汤加。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（2）考查副词。句意：两天后，通讯线路中断，世界各地的人们都在焦急地等待亲人的消息。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填anxiously。
（3）考查介词。句意：上周六晚，汤加主岛以北约40英里处的一座海底火山向空中喷出了超过12英里的火山灰、气体和蒸汽，在该地区上空形成了二氧化硫云，并使一条至关重要的海底互联网电缆瘫痪。特指某一天的晚上，用介词on，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写，故填On。
（4）考查冠词。句意：上周六晚，汤加主岛以北约40英里处的一座海底火山向空中喷出了超过12英里的火山灰、气体和蒸汽，在该地区上空形成了二氧化硫云，并使一条至关重要的海底互联网电缆瘫痪。特指"这个地区"，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这被认为是三十年来最大的火山爆发，冲击波传播了数千英里。前面有three，所以用名词复数，故填decades。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：这被认为是三十年来最大的火山爆发，冲击波传播了数千英里。with的宾语和travel之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补，故填travelling。
（7）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：数小时后，人口约10万的汤加遭遇海啸袭击。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，attack和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填was attacked。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：在互联网连接被切断前的最后时刻分享的视频显示，人们向内陆奔跑，在一个非常平坦的国家绝望地寻找更高的地方。share和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填shared。
（9）考查比较级。句意：在互联网连接被切断前的最后时刻分享的视频显示，人们向内陆奔跑，在一个非常平坦的国家绝望地寻找更高的地方。表示比当时所在的地方更高，所以用比较级，故填higher。
（10）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：汤加位于太平洋"火山带"，这是一系列地震和火山活动频繁的断层带。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为专有名词，所以谓语用第三人称单数，故填sits。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4．A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on 28 July，1976.In the earthquake two thirds of the people living there were dead or injured.People were greatly （1） shocked （shock） because nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay （2） in ruins.Water，food and electricity were hard to get and people began to wonder how long the disaster （3） would last （last）.It seemed as if the world were coming to （4） an end.
The people of Tangshan didn't lose hope because 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best （5） to dig （dig） out those （6） who were trapped.Workers built shelters for （7） survivors （survivor）.Water and food were taken to the city by every means.（8） Slowly （slow），the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the earthquake，strange things happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells rose and （9） fell （fall）.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard，but people were asleep （10） as usual that night.
【答案】（1）shocked（2）in（3）would last（4）an（5）to dig（6）who（7）survivors（8）Slowly（9）fell（10）as
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了唐山大地震后的惨状以及救援情况。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：人们非常震惊，因为几乎所有的建筑物都倒塌了，整个城市成了废墟。作表语，所以用形容词，表示人"震惊的"，故填shocked。
（2）考查介词。句意：人们非常震惊，因为几乎所有的建筑物都倒塌了，整个城市成了废墟。in ruins"沦为废墟"，为固定搭配，故填in。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：水、食物和电很难得到，人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。描述过去将会，所以用过去将来时，故填would last。
（4）考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日即将来临。come to an end"结束"，end是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：士兵们竭尽全力把被困的人挖出来。try one's best to do sth."尽力做某事"，为固定搭配，故填to dig。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：士兵们竭尽全力把被困的人挖出来。先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：工人们为幸存者建造了避难所。survivor为可数名词，所以用名词复数泛指，故填survivors。
（8）考查副词。句意：慢慢地，这座城市开始恢复了生机。修饰句子，所以用副词，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写，故填Slowly。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：村里井里的水涨了又落。和rose并列作谓语，所以用一般过去时态，故填fell。
（10）考查固定搭配。句意：在唐山城外的天空中可以看到明亮的灯光，听到巨大的噪音，但那天晚上人们像往常一样睡着了。as usual"像往常一样"，为固定搭配，故填as。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
5．One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours.When people saw their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges （1） destroyed （destroy） over floods，they cried.Of course，many people（2） lost （lose） their lives.After it was over，people walked through the mud（泥） left behind（3） to find （find）as many things as they could.Some cried sadly over what they had lost.Others cried with joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down，though，a（4） surprising （surprise） thing happened.People immediately started to help each other.Some （5） willingly （willing） donated food，water，clothing，and cash to help those （6） who had lost everything.Others went out in the deep mud，（7） helping （help） clean up the damage.Still others spent their days carrying some （8） supplies （supply） to the people who needed them.
（9） It is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us.The love，care，and compassion（同情） that is a win those days have touched my soul.It has made me realize how good people really are.May we always come together in both good and bad times.May we always do all we can to fill our life （10） with love.
【答案】（1）destroyed（2）lost（3）to find（4）surprising（5）willingly（6）who（7）helping（8）supplies（9）It（10）with
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者在一次洪灾中的所见所闻所感告诉我们：灾难无情，但人间有爱。
【解答】（1）destroyed.考查过去分词。当人们看到他们的家园，企业，道路和桥梁被洪水摧毁时，他们哭了。此处是"see+宾语+宾补"结构，动词"destroy"与" their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges" 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词，故填destroyed。
（2）lost.考查时态。当然，很多人失去了生命。文章的主体时态是一般过去时。此处陈述过去发生的事情，表示"许多人丧生"，故填lost。
（3）to find.考查动词不定式。战争结束后，人们走过残留的泥土，尽可能多地寻找东西。此处应用动词不定式表示目的，故填to find。
（4）surprising.考查形容词。但是当水退去的时候，一件意外的事情发生了。修饰物时常用surprising，意为"使人吃惊的"，故填surprising。
（5）willingly.考查副词。有些人自愿捐献食物，水，衣服和现金来帮助那些失去一切的人。此处修饰的是动词donated应用副词，故填willingly。
（6）who.考查定语从句。有些人自愿捐献食物，水，衣服和现金来帮助那些失去一切的人。分析句子结构可知.空处引导定语从句。且先行词为those（此处表示人） ，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用who，故填who。
（7）helping.考查现在分词。其他人则在深深的泥浆中，帮助清理损坏的地方。此处作伴随状语，且Others与help之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填helping。
（8）supplies.考查名词。还有一些人整天为需要的人们运送物资。supply意为"日用（必需）品"时，是可数名词，前面有some，用复数形式，故填supplies。
（9）It.考查代词。难以置信，生活中最糟糕的事情，往往能激发出我们最好的一面。此处iIt作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句，故填It。
（10）with.考查介词。愿我们一直尽我们所能，让我们的生活充满爱。fill…with…固定短语，"用…充满…"，故填with。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
6．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） happened （happen）. For several days the water in the village wells became higher and then lower. The well walls had deep cracks （2） in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the city，（3） but people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（4） Finally （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28， 1976， in which more than 400，000 people died or（5） were injured （injure）. Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked. Food， water and electricity in the city was completely destroyed and the world seemed （6） to be （be）at an end.It was one of the （7） biggest （big）earthquake of the 20th century， which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up （8） themselves （they），and 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those（9） who were trapped. Workers built shelters for the （10） survivors （survive）. Food and water were taken to the city by every means. Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
【答案】（1）happened （2）in （3）but （4）Finally （5）were injured （6）to be （7）biggest （8）themselves （9）who （10）survivors
【分析】本文主要讲述了唐山大地震在地震之前、震中以及震后的情景．
【解答】（1）happened.考查时态。句意：唐山大地震发生前出现了奇怪的事情。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填happened.
（2）in.考查介词。句意：井壁上有很深的裂缝。表示在…里面，所以用介词in，故填in.
（3）but.考查连词。句意：城市里也发生了一些奇怪的事情，但人们对这些事情不太在意，他们照常睡觉。结合语境可知前后句子之间是转折关系，因此用转折连词but，故填but.
（4）Finally.考查副词。句意：最后，一场可怕的地震于1976年7月28日袭击了唐山。因此用副词形式修饰整个句子，故填Finally.
（5）were injured.考查语态。句意：造成40多万人死亡或5人受伤。通过分析可知这里的主语与injure之间是被动关系，此处表示一种状态，主语为复数名词，故填were injured.
（6）to be.考查不定式。句意：整个世界似乎都在结束。seem to do 似乎做，故填to be.
（7）biggest.考查最高级。句意：它是20世纪最大的地震之一，前面one of，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填biggest.
（8）themselves.考查人称代词。句意：然而，唐山人民没有放弃，指主语本身，所以用反身代词，故填themselves.
（9）who.考查定语从句。句意：士兵们尽力把被困的人挖出来。通过分析句子结构可知这里是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是those（people），且从句缺少主语，因此用关系代词who来引导该从句，故填who.
（10）survivors.考查名词的数。句意：他们也为幸存者建了居所。幸存者不止是一名，因此这里要用复数形式故填survivors.
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
7．This report is about how to be polite． It tells about how we can make （1） our （we）language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset（使生气）someone from another culture．
It has been found that words such as "would" and "could" can be used（2） to help （help） us to be polite．For example， it is much（3） better （good）to say "Would you do this？" than "Do this! " It is also suggested（4） that it should be useful to say "Please" and "Thank you．" People from the West like to use these words in（5） situations （situation）where some people in Asia may not think it necessary．（6） Saying （say）"Sorry" if we interrupt or disagree（7） with someone also helps us to be polite．For example， when we disagree， we should say "I'm sorry， but I think you are mistaken" rather than "You're wrong!"
In（8） conclusion （conclude），we need to know（9） the custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed（尴尬的）．It seems that if people learn something about other（10） cultural （culture） backgrounds before they visit new countries， they will be less likely to upset others．
【答案】（1）our （2）to help （3）better （4）that （5）situations （6）Saying （7）with （8）conclusion （9）the （10）cultural
【分析】这篇文章教给我们有礼貌的方法，保证我们怎样不会使来自其他文化背景的人感到厌烦．
【解答】（1）our.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它讲述了我们如何使我们的语言更加礼貌，放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填our。
（2）to help.考查不定式。句意：人们发现，像"会"和"可以"这样的词可以用来帮助我们保持礼貌。be used to do sth被用来做某事，故填to help。
（3）better.考查比较级。句意：例如，说"你愿意这样做吗？"比"做这个"好得多。后面有than，所以用比较级，故填better。
（4）that.考查主语从句。句意：还有人建议说"请"和"谢谢"是有用的。it作形式主语，后跟that引导的主语从句，that不作成分，无含义，故填that。
（5）situations.考查名词的数。句意：西方人喜欢在一些亚洲人认为没有必要的情况下使用这些词。situation意思是"情况"，为可数名词，所以用复数名词泛指，故填situations。
（6）Saying.考查动名词。句意：如果我们打断或不同意某人的意见，说"对不起"也有助于我们保持礼貌。作主语，所以用动名词，故填Saying。
（7）with.考查介词。句意：如果我们打断或不同意某人的意见，说"对不起"也有助于我们保持礼貌。disagree with与…意见不一致，故填with。
（8）conclusion.考查固定搭配。句意：总之，我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯，这样我们就不会让别人感到尴尬。in conclusion总之，为固定搭配，故填conclusion。
（9）the.考查冠词。句意：总之，我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯，这样我们就不会让别人感到尴尬。后面有of短语作后置定语，所以为特指，故填the。
（10）cultural.考查形容词。句意：看来，如果人们在访问新国家之前了解了其他文化背景，他们就不太可能让别人不舒服。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填cultural。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
8．The death toll from a powerful typhoon sweeping across China's east coast rose to 30 on Sunday，with（1） at least 18 still missing，after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million（2） to leave （leave） their homes，the state news media reported.
（3） Nearly （near）5 million people in Zhejiang Province have been affected by the storm，Typhoon Lekima，（4） which made landfall early Saturday，according to the reports.Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County，near the city of Wenzhou，when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people，said CCTV.
The typhoon，which packed winds of up to 116 mph，caused major travel disruptions（中断）across the region，（5） including （include） in Shanghai，with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended.Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday.
Officials in the city of Linhai，near Taizhou，said on Sunday that the typhoon（6） had caused （cause）the worst flooding there in the 70﹣year history of the People's Republic of China，with water levels as high as 36（7） feet （foot） causing major power failures.State news reports showed people wading through waist﹣high water in the centuries﹣old city's narrow alleyways.
Lekima，China's（8） ninth （nine） typhoon of the year，is expected to make（9） a second landing on Sunday evening farther north in Shandong Province，the state news media said.（10） More （much） air travel disruptions are possible.
【答案】（1）at （2）to leave （3）Nearly （4）which （5）including （6）had caused（ 7）feet （8）ninth （9）a （10）More
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了周六周日的超强台风"利奇马"造成的重大破坏：交通中断，数千架航班取消，火车停运，上海迪士尼乐园于周六关闭，并且台风造成了中华人民共和国70年历史上最严重的洪灾，水位高达36英尺，造成了严重的电力中断。
【解答】语法填空
（1）at.考查固定搭配。句意：周日死亡人数上升至30人，至少有18人仍然下落不明。分析句子可知，at least是固定搭配，意为"至少"，切合句意。故填at。
（2）to leave.考查动词不定式。句意：此前倾盆大雨迫使超过100万人离开家园。分析句子可知，force sb.to do是固定搭配，意为"迫使……做……"，切合语境。故填to leave。
（3）Nearly.考查副词。句意：据报道，浙江省近五百万人受到台风"利奇马"的袭击，台风"利奇马"于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知，此处使用副词性成分作状语，因此使用near的副词形式nearly，且空处位于句首。故填Nearly。
（4）which.考查定语从句的关系词。句意：据报道，浙江省近五百万人受到台风"利奇马"的袭击，台风"利奇马"于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为typhoon Lekima，在从句中作主语，因此使用关系词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（5）including.考查介词。句意：台风风速高达每小时116英里，造成了整个地区的重大旅行线路中断，包括上海在内。分析句子可知，空处缺少介词表示"包括"，故填including。
（6）had caused.考查时态。句意：台州附近的临海市政府官员周日表示，台风造成了中国70年历史上最严重的洪水。分析句子可知，时间状语为in the 70﹣year history，且时间截止点为过去，因此本句使用过去完成时。故填had caused。
（7）feet.考查名词复数。句意：水位高达36英尺。分析句子可知，此处表示长度单位，foot表示单数，feet表示复数，句中所给数量为36，因此使用复数形式。故填feet。
（8）ninth.考查序数词。句意：官方新闻媒体说，预计今年中国第九个台风"利奇马"将在周日傍晚于山东省北部再次登陆。分析句子可知，此处表示第九个，因此使用序数词形式。故填ninth。
（9）a.分考查冠词。析句子可知，不定冠词a/an+序数词表示"又一/再一"的意思，符合本句语境。故填a。
（10）More.考查形容词。句意：可能会有更多的航空旅行中断。结合句意可知，此处应用比较级，且因此处位于句首，故首字母大写。故填More。
【点评】此题要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
9．Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province，（1） which suggested that something terrible was on its way.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers didn't know the reason（2） why their dogs refused to go inside buildings.Unfortunately，the city's one million people（3） who/that were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.
At 3：42 am，a terrible earthquake（4） which/that nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan.Two thirds of the people（5） who/that lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children（6） whose parents died in the earthquake were left homeless.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to the area（7） where the disaster happened to dig out those（8） who were trapped and to bury the dead.
The whole nation will never forget the day，28 July 1976，（9） when Tangshan lay in ruins.Soon after that，（10） as is known to all，Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet.The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster，people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】（1）which（2）why（3）who/that（4）which/that（5）who/that（6）whose（7）where（8）who（9）when（10）as
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是在河北和唐山地震发生的经过以及震后的救援和重建。
【解答】（1）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：河北省的农村发生了奇怪的事情，这表明可怕的事情正在发生。先行词为Strange things，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
（2）why.考查定语从句。句意：农民们不知道他们的狗为什么不肯进房子里去。先行词为the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，故填why。
（3）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：不幸的是，像往常一样熟睡的一百万人在接下来的意外灾难中遭受了很大的痛苦。先行词为people，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（4）which/that.考查定语从句。句意：凌晨3点42分，唐山发生了可怕的地震，全国近三分之一的地区都有震感。先行词为a terrible earthquake，在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。
（5）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：那里三分之二的居民已经死亡或受伤。先行词为Two thirds of the people，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（6）whose.考查定语从句。句意：成千上万父母在地震中丧生的孩子无家可归。先行词为Thousands of children，在定语从句中作定语，故填whose。
（7）where.考查定语从句。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到灾难发生的地区，挖出那些被困住的人并埋葬死者。先行词为在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（8）who.考查定语从句。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到灾难发生的地区，挖出那些被困住的人并埋葬死者。先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（9）when.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：全国人民永远不会忘记1976年7月28日，唐山成为废墟的那一天。先行词为the day，在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，故填when。
（10）as.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：此后不久，众所周知，唐山开始复苏，东山再起。引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面句子的内容，在从句中作主语，表示"正如"。故填as。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
10．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） happened （happen）.For several days，the water in the village Wells became （2） higher （high）and even lower.The well walls had deep cracks（3）
in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely.Other strange things also happened in the city，（4） but people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（5） Finally （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，（6） where more than 400，000 people died or （7） were injured （injure）.Many houses fell down and filled the wells instead of water.People were （8） greatly （great）shocked.Food，water and electricity in the city were hard（9） to get （get）and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city（10） was destroyed （destroy） and the world seemed （11） to be （be） at an end.It was one of the（12） biggest （big） earthquakes of the 20th century，（13） which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up（14） themselves （they），and 150，000 soldiers（15） were sent （send）to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those who（16） were trapped （trap）.Workers built shelters for the（17） survivors （survive）.Food and water（18） were taken （take） to the city by every means.Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
【答案】（1）happened（2）higher（3）in（4）but（5）Finally（6）where（7）were injured（8）greatly（9）to get（10）was destroyed（11）to be（12）biggest（13）which（14）themselves（15）were sent（16）were trapped（17）survivors（18）were taken
【分析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述唐山地震的发生及救援活动。
【解答】（1）happened.考查动词时态。句意：在唐山地震发生之前，奇怪的事情出现了。分析句子可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填happened。
（2）higher.考查比较级。句意：几天来，村井里的水越来越高，甚至越来越低。结合句意可知，此处表示"更高的"，故用比较级，故填higher。
（3）in.考查介词。句意：井壁上有很深的裂缝。in表示"在...里面"符合句意，故填in。
（4）but.考查连词。句意：城市里也发生了其他奇怪的事情，但人们很少考虑这些事件，照常睡觉。结合句意可知，前后为转折关系，故填but。
（5）Finally.考查副词。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰句子，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填Finally。
（6）where.考查定语从句。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tangshan，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（7）were injured.考查动词时态及语态。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。时间状语为on July 28，1976，句子用一般过去时，主语people 与injure之间是被动关系，且主语为复数形式，故填were injured。
（8）greatly.考查副词。句意：人们大为震惊。分析句子可知，此处修饰形容词shocked，故用副词修饰形容词，故填greatly。
（9）to get.考查动词不定式。句意：城市里的食物、水和电很难获得，人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。主语+形容词+to do表示"某件事做起来怎么样"，故填to get。
（10）was destroyed.考查动词时态及语态。句意：整个城市被毁，世界似乎走到了尽头。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语The whole city与动词destroy之间是被动关系，且主语为单数形式，故填was destroyed。
（11）to be.考查动词不定式。句意：整个城市被毁，世界似乎走到了尽头。seem to do表示"似乎做某事"，故填to be。
（12）biggest.考查最高级。句意：这是20世纪最大的地震之一，连北京都能感觉到。one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示"最...的其中一个"，故填biggest。
（13）which.考查定语从句。句意：这是20世纪最大的地震之一，连北京都能感觉到。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为one of the（12）earthquakes of the 20th century，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（14）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：然而，唐山人民并没有放弃自己，15万士兵被派去帮助救援人员。结合句意可知，此处表示"他们自己"，故用反身代词，故填themselves。
（15）were sent.考查动词时态及语态。句意：然而，唐山人民并没有放弃自己，15万士兵被派去帮助救援人员。结合句意和didn't 可知，此处用一般过去时，主语soldiers与send之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且主语为复数形式，故填were sent。
（16）were trapped.考查动词时态及语态。句意：士兵们尽力把被困的人挖出来。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，主语who指代先行词those，表示"那些人"，与动词trap之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且结合句意和tried可知，此处用一般过去时，故填were trapped。
（17）survivors.考查名词。句意：工人们为幸存者建造了庇护所。分析句子可知，此处作介词for的宾语，表示"幸存者"，故用名词作宾语，且结合句意可知，此处表示复数含义，故用名词的复数形式，故填survivors。
（18）were taken.考查动词时态及语态。句意：食物和水被用各种方法运到城里。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语Food and water与take之间是被动关系，故填were taken。
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。
11．Several days before July 28，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the well，and even（1） smelly （smell） gas was coming out of one well.Some animals also had some unusual behavior.But people in the city， （2） who were asleep as usual that night，didn't think much of these.At 3：42am，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century broke out.It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing.In less than one minute，Tangshan （3） lay （lie） in ruins.The number of people who were killed or（4） terribly （terrible） injured in the quake（5） was （be） more than 400，000.Later that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan again.More buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard（6） to get （get）.But all the hope wasn't lost.Soon after the quakes，teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.
Many more people，（7） including （include） workers and doctors，came to provide help.Through all the（8） efforts （effort），the city began to breathe again.Today，（9） a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins，which has proved（10） to the entire world that in times of disasters，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】（1）smelly（2）who（3）lay（4）terribly（5）was（6）to get（7）including（8）efforts（9）a（10）
【分析】本文作者主要介绍了二十世纪发生在中国河北省唐山市的那次最大的地震：其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。
【解答】（1）smelly.考查。句意：井里的水，甚至臭气都从一口井里冒出来。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填smelly。
（2）who.考查。句意：但城里的人，那天晚上照常睡觉，并没有想太多。先行词为people，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（3）lay.考查。句意：不到一分钟，唐山就成了一片废墟。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填lay。
（4）terribly.考查。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填terribly。
（5）was.考查。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为the number of+复数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填was。
（6）to get.考查。句意：水、食物和电都很难得到，但希望并没有完全破灭。本句为形容词+不定式，故填to get。
（7）including.考查。句意：更多的人，包括工人和医生，来提供帮助。后跟名词，所以用介词，故填including。
（8）efforts.考查。句意：通过所有的努力，这座城市又开始有了生机。前面有all，所以用复数名词，故填efforts。
（9）a.考查。句意：今天，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山，向全世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，拿出积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（10）to.考查。句意：今天，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山，向全世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，拿出积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。表示"向某人证明"，所以用prove to sb.，故填to。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12．
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary （1） whose drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student （2） who/that is often praised for her good works at school.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eye was caught by a large picture （3） that/which was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse （4） that/which was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse.The man （5） who/that was riding on it looked like a living man.
It was the best picture （6） that I had ever seen.I should say Mary is the best young painter （7） that/who/whom I have ever heard of.However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter.One of her teachers told me that （8） it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter （9） that/who has ever been heard of in her hometown.So if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree（10） with you.
【答案】（1）whose（2）who/that（3）that/which（4）that/which（5）who/that（6）that（7）that/who/whom（8）it（9）that/who（10）with
【分析】本文为说明文，主要一个模范生玛丽画画特别好，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。
【解答】（1）whose.考查定语从句。句意：玛丽的画上个月在展览会上展出了，她是一个模范学生，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为Mary，在从句中作定语，故填whose。
（2）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：玛丽的画上个月在展览会上展出了，她是一个模范学生，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a model student，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（3）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：我们一进展厅，眼前的墙上就挂着一幅大画。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为picture，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（4）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：画中画的马和真马一模一样。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the horse，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（5）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：骑在上面的人看上去像个活人。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the man，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（6）that.考查定语从句。句意：这是我见过的最好的照片。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为picture，在从句中作seen的宾语，先行词被the best修饰，故填that。
（7）that.考查定语从句。句意：我应该说玛丽是我所听说过的最好的年轻画家。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为painter，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填that。
（8）it.考查固定句式。句意：她的一位老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，直到她成为家乡有史以来最好的年轻画家。固定句式it takes sb some time to do表示"做某事花费某人多长时间"，其中it作形式猪油，真正的主语为动词不定式，故填it。
（9）that/who.考查定语从句。句意：她的一位老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，直到她成为家乡有史以来最好的年轻画家。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为painter，指人，在从句中作主语，故填that/who。
（10）with.考查介词。句意：所以，如果你说她是通过努力学习才学会如此擅长绘画的，我当然会同意你的看法。agree with表示"同意某人的观点"符合句意，故填with。
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。
13．Sarah Jayne is a twenty﹣year﹣old girl from the U．K．After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much （1） better （good） place if everyone could do three favors（善意的行为） for others．She lost her father （2） at the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friends's children whose dad died （3） recently （recent）．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother's life easier．
This "success" led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school （4） to help （help） improve the students' mental（心理的） health．Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost （5） her （she） eyesight．It was Anna that（6） introduced （introduce） the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago．As she loved reading，it was （7） a real act of kindness to spend time （8） reading （read） out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night．
Sarah said，"I couldn't believe at first how three small favors could make a big（9） difference （different）．All the people （10） who were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward．"
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是说明文．本文主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人．
【解答】1．better．考查比较级． 根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better．
2．at．考查固定短语． 固定短语at the age of 表示"在……岁时"．故填at．
3．recently．考查副词． 该空应用副词修饰动词died，故填recently．
4．to help．考查动词不定式． 该空用动词不定式表which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school的目的，故填to help．
5．her．考查代词． 该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight．故填her．
6．introduced．考查谓语动词． 根据two months ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced．
7．a．考查冠词． act表示"行为，举动"时为可数名词，此处表示"一个"，故填a．
8．reading．考查动名词． spend time doing sth表示"花时间做某事"．故填reading．
9．difference．考查派生词． 固定短语make a big difference表示"有很大影响"．故填difference．
10．who．考查定语从句． 先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who．
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
14．As the（1） founder （found）of the republic，the president had many good qualities.Before（2） coming （come） to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to （3） selflessly （selfless） help everyone who turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated.Later，（4） believing （believe）all mankind to be equal，he devoted himself （5） to stopping the unfair anti﹣black laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he kept peaceful principles without （6） violence （violent） and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape（7） being sentenced （sentence） to 30 years in prison.
Not fearing of the prison guards' cruelty，he kept active and（8） begged （beg） no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always（9） hopeful （hope）and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.
（10） Finally （final） ，people rewarded him with the leader's position and a gold blanket.
【答案】（1）founder （2）coming（3）selflessly （4）believing （5）to 6.violence （7）being sentenced（8）begged （9）hopeful （10）Finally
【分析】文章介绍了一位伟大的总统作为共和国的创始人，这位总统具备许多的优秀品质。还在掌权之前，他就是一位慷慨的律师。他愿意无私地帮助那些向他求助的人。
【解答】（1）founder.考查名词。句意：作为人民的建立者，所以把found变形为founder。故填founder。
（2）coming.考查动名词。句意：在掌权之前。当before之后没有主语，视为介词，其后接动名词，所以把come变形为动名词coming。故填coming。
（3）selflessly.考查副词。句意：他愿意无私地帮助每一个求助于他的人。be willing to do sth，所以此处的selfless是用来修饰动词的，变成副词形式。故填selflessly。
（4）believing.考查现在分词。句意：相信全人类是平等的。he与believe是主动的，所以填现在分词形式，故填believing。
（5）to.考查介词。句意：他致力于推翻不公平的反黑人法律。devote to意为"贡献"，且其后面加动名词形式（stopping），故填to。
（6）violence.考查名词。句意：虽然他坚持和平原则，没有暴力和恐怖。without介词后且与名词terror并列 ，故填violence。
（7）being sentenced.考查动名词。句意：他自己没逃脱被拘禁30年在监狱里。所以是被动，又因为escape后加动名词，故填being sentenced。
（8）begged.考查时态。句意：他保持活跃，不向他们乞求怜悯。由连接词前的kept可知，此处用过去式，要注意beg变过去式是特殊情况，故填begged。
（9）hopeful.考查形容词。句意：他经常是充满希望的。系动词后用形容词作表语，故填hopeful。
（10）Finally.考查副词。句意：最后，人们奖励他领导的位置和一条金毯子。副词置于句首，以逗号隔开，修饰整个句子。故填Finally。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
15．I will tell you a story（1） which is very interesting.It is about a good man（2） who is called Tom.Tom married a girl（3） whose name is Jane.Jane is the girl（4） who Tom loves.They live in a house（5） which was built by Tom's father.It is an old house（6） where Tom was born.It is in the house（7） where he was born that they got married.Tom likes to write stories and Jane loves all the stories（8） which Tom writes.They have 5 children，3 of（9） whom are boys.The children are very clever，（10） which makes Tom very happy.All the children go to college，（11） which their parents expect.Tom once said he would never forget the day（12） when he met Jane.Tom believes that Jane is the most beautiful girl（13） who he has ever met.That is the reason（14） why he wanted to marry her.Jane said that Tom was the person with（15） whom she would live for a whole life.They are really a happy couple，from（16） whom we can learn a lot.Their children live in a family（17） where their parents are treating them like friends.We all admire the way（18） that Tom treats his children.He is a good man with（19） whom everyone would like to live.
Tom is one of the villagers（20） who have been reported in the newspaper and he is the only one of those villagers who has acted in a film.
【答案】（1）which（2）who（3）whose（4）who（5）which（6）where（7）where（8）which（9）whom（10）which（11）which（12）when（13）who（14）why（15）whom（16）whom（17）where（18）that（19）whom（20）who
【分析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述汤姆和简的故事
期末培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 赣州期中）It was the ambition of an eleven year old boy in Kansas City to be an engine﹣driver．Born without arms，he had been sent to special schools（1） he learned to use his（2） （foot）as "hands"．He spent all his spare time（3） （watch） trains and one day his dream came（4） （truth）．Seeing a deserted engine，the boy climbed in，he had no（5） （difficult） in starting it up with his feet．Soon he was traveling along（6） forty miles an hour．Signalmen could not see the young driver，so they set out（7） （stop） the train．Meanwhile the boy reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself，and then（8） （make） it go backwards．When he was near home，a railway﹣man caught up with the engine and stopped it．At first，he was very angry，but he smiled when the boy said（9） （simple），"I like trains．" "Well，I'm glad you don't like planes!" answered（10） railway﹣man．
2．Earthquakes are quite common.In fact，thousands of earthquakes（1） （happen）almost at every moment.（2） ，most of them are too weak to feel.During a big earthquake，there is often a big noise first.Then the earth shakes（3） （terrible） and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly （4） （nature）disasters in the world，earthquakes often result in many people being injured or killed.In 2008，a severe earthquake hit China's Sichuan Province，（5） （kill） lots of people there.
Besides the great damage and （6） （death）caused by the earthquake，other accidents such（7） fires often follow.More buildings may be damaged and more（8） （injure）may be caused.For centuries，people（9） （be）making studies of earthquakes.It's said that about 2，000 years ago，for example，someone invented a machine which could find out the direction （10） the earthquake waves came.
3．A colossal（巨大的）volcanic eruption caused a tsunami（海啸）（1） struck the island nation of Tonga.Two days after that，severed communication lines left people around the world waiting （2） （anxious）for news of their loved ones.
（3） last Saturday night，an undersea volcano about 40 miles north of Tonga's main island belched（喷出） ash，gas and steam more than 12 miles into the air，creating a cloud of sulfur dioxide（二氧化硫）over （4） region，and disabling a crucial（至关重要的）submarine Internet cable（电缆）．It was believed to be the largest volcanic eruption in three （5） （decade），with the shock wave （6） （travel） thousands of miles.
Hours later，Tonga，a country of around 100，000 people，（7） （attack） by a tsunami.Waves up to four feet hit Nukualofa，the Tongan capital．Footage（片段镜头）（8） （share） in the final moments before the Internet connection was cut showed people running inland，searching desperately for （9） （high） ground in a very flat country.
The volcano，Hunga Tonga﹣Hunga Ha'apai，erupted again on Monday but did not trigger（触发） a tsunami warning.Tonga （10） （sit） along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"，a series of fault lines where earthquakes and volcanic activity are frequent.
4．A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on 28 July，1976.In the earthquake two thirds of the people living there were dead or injured.People were greatly （1） （shock） because nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay （2） ruins.Water，food and electricity were hard to get and people began to wonder how long the disaster （3） （last）.It seemed as if the world were coming to （4） end.
The people of Tangshan didn't lose hope because 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best （5） （dig） out those （6） were trapped.Workers built shelters for （7） （survivor）.Water and food were taken to the city by every means.（8） （slow），the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the earthquake，strange things happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells rose and （9） （fall）.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard，but people were asleep （10） usual that night.
5．One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours.When people saw their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges （1） （destroy） over floods，they cried.Of course，many people（2） （lose） their lives.After it was over，people walked through the mud（泥） left behind（3） （find）as many things as they could.Some cried sadly over what they had lost.Others cried with joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down，though，a（4） （surprise） thing happened.People immediately started to help each other.Some （5） （willing） donated food，water，clothing，and cash to help those （6） had lost everything.Others went out in the deep mud，（7） （help） clean up the damage.Still others spent their days carrying some （8） （supply） to the people who needed them.
（9） is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us.The love，care，and compassion（同情） that is a win those days have touched my soul.It has made me realize how good people really are.May we always come together in both good and bad times.May we always do all we can to fill our life （10） love.
6．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） （happen）. For several days the water in the village wells became higher and then lower. The well walls had deep cracks （2） them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the city，（3） people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（4） （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28， 1976， in which more than 400，000 people died or（5） （injure）. Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked. Food， water and electricity in the city was completely destroyed and the world seemed （6） （be）at an end.It was one of the （7） （big）earthquake of the 20th century， which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up （8） （they），and 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those（9） were trapped. Workers built shelters for the （10） （survive）. Food and water were taken to the city by every means. Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
7．This report is about how to be polite． It tells about how we can make （1） （we）language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset（使生气）someone from another culture．
It has been found that words such as "would" and "could" can be used（2） （help） us to be polite．For example， it is much（3） （good）to say "Would you do this？" than "Do this! " It is also suggested（4） it should be useful to say "Please" and "Thank you．" People from the West like to use these words in（5） （situation）where some people in Asia may not think it necessary．（6） （say）"Sorry" if we interrupt or disagree（7） someone also helps us to be polite．For example， when we disagree， we should say "I'm sorry， but I think you are mistaken" rather than "You're wrong!"
In（8） （conclude），we need to know（9） custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed（尴尬的）．It seems that if people learn something about other（10） （culture） backgrounds before they visit new countries， they will be less likely to upset others．
8．The death toll from a powerful typhoon sweeping across China's east coast rose to 30 on Sunday，with（1） least 18 still missing，after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million（2） （leave） their homes，the state news media reported.
（3） （near）5 million people in Zhejiang Province have been affected by the storm，Typhoon Lekima，（4） made landfall early Saturday，according to the reports.Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County，near the city of Wenzhou，when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people，said CCTV.
The typhoon，which packed winds of up to 116 mph，caused major travel disruptions（中断）across the region，（5） （include） in Shanghai，with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended.Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday.
Officials in the city of Linhai，near Taizhou，said on Sunday that the typhoon（6） （cause）the worst flooding there in the 70﹣year history of the People's Republic of China，with water levels as high as 36（7） （foot） causing major power failures.State news reports showed people wading through waist﹣high water in the centuries﹣old city's narrow alleyways.
Lekima，China's（8） （nine） typhoon of the year，is expected to make（9） second landing on Sunday evening farther north in Shandong Province，the state news media said.（10） （much） air travel disruptions are possible.
9．Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province，（1） suggested that something terrible was on its way.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers didn't know the reason（2） their dogs refused to go inside buildings.Unfortunately，the city's one million people（3） were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.
At 3：42 am，a terrible earthquake（4） nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan.Two thirds of the people（5） lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children（6） parents died in the earthquake were left homeless.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to the area（7） the disaster happened to dig out those（8） were trapped and to bury the dead.
The whole nation will never forget the day，28 July 1976，（9） Tangshan lay in ruins.Soon after that，（10） is known to all，Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet.The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster，people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.
10．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） （happen）.For several days，the water in the village Wells became （2） （high）and even lower.The well walls had deep cracks（3）
them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely.Other strange things also happened in the city，（4） people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（5） （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，（6） more than 400，000 people died or （7） （injure）.Many houses fell down and filled the wells instead of water.People were （8） （great）shocked.Food，water and electricity in the city were hard（9） （get）and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city（10） （destroy） and the world seemed （11） （be） at an end.It was one of the（12） （big） earthquakes of the 20th century，（13） even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up（14） （they），and 150，000 soldiers（15） （send）to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those who（16） （trap）.Workers built shelters for the（17） （survive）.Food and water（18） （take） to the city by every means.Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
11．Several days before July 28，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the well，and even（1） （smell） gas was coming out of one well.Some animals also had some unusual behavior.But people in the city， （2） were asleep as usual that night，didn't think much of these.At 3：42am，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century broke out.It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing.In less than one minute，Tangshan （3） （lie） in ruins.The number of people who were killed or（4） （terrible） injured in the quake（5） （be） more than 400，000.Later that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan again.More buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard（6） （get）.But all the hope wasn't lost.Soon after the quakes，teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.
Many more people，（7） （include） workers and doctors，came to provide help.Through all the（8） （effort），the city began to breathe again.Today，（9） new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins，which has proved（10） the entire world that in times of disasters，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
12．
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary （1） drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student （2） is often praised for her good works at school.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eye was caught by a large picture （3） was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse （4） was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse.The man （5） was riding on it looked like a living man.
It was the best picture （6） I had ever seen.I should say Mary is the best young painter （7） I have ever heard of.However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter.One of her teachers told me that （8） had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter （9） has ever been heard of in her hometown.So if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree（10） you.
13．Sarah Jayne is a twenty﹣year﹣old girl from the U．K．After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much （1） （good） place if everyone could do three favors（善意的行为） for others．She lost her father （2） the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friends's children whose dad died （3） （recent）．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother's life easier．
This "success" led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school （4） （help） improve the students' mental（心理的） health．Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost （5） （she） eyesight．It was Anna that（6） （introduce） the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago．As she loved reading，it was （7） real act of kindness to spend time （8） （read） out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night．
Sarah said，"I couldn't believe at first how three small favors could make a big（9） （different）．All the people （10） were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward．"
14．As the（1） （found）of the republic，the president had many good qualities.Before（2） （come） to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to （3） （selfless） help everyone who turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated.Later，（4） （believe）all mankind to be equal，he devoted himself （5） stopping the unfair anti﹣black laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he kept peaceful principles without （6） （violent） and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape（7） （sentence） to 30 years in prison.
Not fearing of the prison guards' cruelty，he kept active and（8） （beg） no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always（9） （hope）and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.
（10） （final） ，people rewarded him with the leader's position and a gold blanket.
15．I will tell you a story（1） is very interesting.It is about a good man（2） is called Tom.Tom married a girl（3） name is Jane.Jane is the girl（4） Tom loves.They live in a house（5） was built by Tom's father.It is an old house（6） Tom was born.It is in the house（7） he was born that they got married.Tom likes to write stories and Jane loves all the stories（8） Tom writes.They have 5 children，3 of（9） are boys.The children are very clever，（10） makes Tom very happy.All the children go to college，（11） their parents expect.Tom once said he would never forget the day（12） he met Jane.Tom believes that Jane is the most beautiful girl（13） he has ever met.That is the reason（14） he wanted to marry her.Jane said that Tom was the person with（15） she would live for a whole life.They are really a happy couple，from（16） we can learn a lot.Their children live in a family（17） their parents are treating them like friends.We all admire the way（18） Tom treats his children.He is a good man with（19） everyone would like to live.
Tom is one of the villagers（20） have been reported in the newspaper and he is the only one of those villagers who has acted in a film.
期末培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 赣州期中）It was the ambition of an eleven year old boy in Kansas City to be an engine﹣driver．Born without arms，he had been sent to special schools（1） where he learned to use his（2） feet （foot）as "hands"．He spent all his spare time（3） watching （watch） trains and one day his dream came（4） true （truth）．Seeing a deserted engine，the boy climbed in，he had no（5） difficulty （difficult） in starting it up with his feet．Soon he was traveling along（6） at forty miles an hour．Signalmen could not see the young driver，so they set out（7） to stop （stop） the train．Meanwhile the boy reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself，and then（8） made （make） it go backwards．When he was near home，a railway﹣man caught up with the engine and stopped it．At first，he was very angry，but he smiled when the boy said（9） simply （simple），"I like trains．" "Well，I'm glad you don't like planes!" answered（10） the railway﹣man．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了一个无臂男孩开火车的故事．
这个孩子天生没有手臂，在特别学校里他学会了用脚当手来用．他每天观察火车，终于有一天发现了一辆没人驾驶的火车，他爬上去用脚开动起火车，以每小时40英里开出去，然后开回来，好在被一个铁路职工停下来，当他解释他喜欢火车的时候，这个职工说"我很高兴你不喜欢飞机"
【解答】61．where．考查关系词．先行词special schools在定语从句he learned to use his做地点状语，表示"在这些学校他学会了用脚当手"．
62．feet．考查名词．根据下文with his feet可知他用脚做事．
63．watching．考查非谓语动词．固定句式spend time doing sth 表示"花费时间做某事"．
64．true．考查固定短语．come true表示"实现"．
65．difficulty．考查派生词．no 后用名词difficulty表示"做某事没用困难"．
66．at．考查介词．表示速度用at．at forty miles an hour表示"以每小时40英里"．
67．to stop．考查非谓语动词．set out to do 表示"出发去做某事"．
68．made．考查谓语动词．根据前面并列的二个谓语reached Missouri，stopped the engine himself可知第三个谓语用过去式made．
69．simply．考查副词．修饰动词 said用副词simply．
70．the．考查冠词．第二次提到这个铁路职工，用定冠词the．
【点评】考查语法填空．
定冠词是虚词，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义．区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的"那个"或"这个"的意思．它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用
2．Earthquakes are quite common.In fact，thousands of earthquakes（1） are happening （happen）almost at every moment.（2） However ，most of them are too weak to feel.During a big earthquake，there is often a big noise first.Then the earth shakes（3） terribly （terrible） and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly （4） natural （nature）disasters in the world，earthquakes often result in many people being injured or killed.In 2008，a severe earthquake hit China's Sichuan Province，（5） killing （kill） lots of people there.
Besides the great damage and （6） deaths （death）caused by the earthquake，other accidents such（7） as fires often follow.More buildings may be damaged and more（8） injuries （injure）may be caused.For centuries，people（9） have been （be）making studies of earthquakes.It's said that about 2，000 years ago，for example，someone invented a machine which could find out the direction （10） where the earthquake waves came.
【答案】（1）are happening（2）However（3）terribly（4）natural（5）killing（6）deaths（7）as（8）injuries（9）have been（10）where
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地震时常发生这一实，介绍了地震造成的巨大危害和损失。
【解答】（1）are happening.考查动词时态。句意：事实上，成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生。此处指成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生，根据时间状语at every moment可知用现在进行时。主语为thousands of earthquakes ，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are happening。
（2）However.考查副词。句意：然而大多数都太弱而感觉不到。设空处前后内容之间是转折关系，此处单独作状语，故填However。
（3）terribly.考查副词。句意：然后大地剧烈震动，许多房屋倒塌。此处修饰动词shake应用副词，故填terribly。
（4）natural.考查形容词。句意：作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一，地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。此处指"自然的"灾害，应用形容词修饰名词disasters，nature的形容词是natural，故填natural。
（5）killing.考查现在分词。句意：2008年，中国四川省发生强烈地震，造成许多人死亡。分析句子结构可知，本句kill用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语a severe earthquake是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填killing。
（6）deaths.考查名词的数。句意：除了地震造成的巨大损失和死亡，其他事故如火灾也经常随之而来。由and前的the great damage可知此处用名词，指"地震造成的极大破坏和死亡"，由语境可知应用复数名词。故填deaths。
（7）as.考查固定短语。句意：除了地震造成的巨大损失和死亡，其他事故如火灾也经常随之而来。此处表示"例如，诸如"应用短语such as，故填as。
（8）injuries.考查名词的数。句意：更多的建筑物可能被破坏，更多的伤害可能被造成。由and前的More buildings可知此处用复数名词，故填injuries。
（9）have been.考查动词时态。句意：句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直在研究地震。根据句中的时间状语For centuries（几个世纪以来）可知应使用现在完成时态，再结合空后的making可知最好使用现在完成进行时，故填have been。
（10）where.考查定语从句关系词。句意：例如，大约2000年前，一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器，可以找出地震波来的方向。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the direction ，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语指地震波从哪个方向过来，用关系副词where引导，故填where。
【点评】高考语法填空是一道综合性比较强，考查点比较多的一个题型。考查形式分为有提示词以及无提示词，考生要理解语篇，必须灵活运用各种语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。最后再通读全文。
3．A colossal（巨大的）volcanic eruption caused a tsunami（海啸）（1） that/which struck the island nation of Tonga.Two days after that，severed communication lines left people around the world waiting （2） anxiously （anxious）for news of their loved ones.
（3） On last Saturday night，an undersea volcano about 40 miles north of Tonga's main island belched（喷出） ash，gas and steam more than 12 miles into the air，creating a cloud of sulfur dioxide（二氧化硫）over （4） the region，and disabling a crucial（至关重要的）submarine Internet cable（电缆）．It was believed to be the largest volcanic eruption in three （5） decades （decade），with the shock wave （6） travelling （travel） thousands of miles.
Hours later，Tonga，a country of around 100，000 people，（7） was attacked （attack） by a tsunami.Waves up to four feet hit Nukualofa，the Tongan capital．Footage（片段镜头）（8） shared （share） in the final moments before the Internet connection was cut showed people running inland，searching desperately for （9） higher （high） ground in a very flat country.
The volcano，Hunga Tonga﹣Hunga Ha'apai，erupted again on Monday but did not trigger（触发） a tsunami warning.Tonga （10） sits （sit） along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"，a series of fault lines where earthquakes and volcanic activity are frequent.
【答案】（1）that/which（2）anxiously（3）On（4）the（5）decades（6）travelling（7）was attacked（8）shared（9）higher（10）sits
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文主要介绍了发生在汤加的火山喷发，给汤加造成了很大的灾害。
【解答】（1）考查定语从句。句意：一次巨大的火山喷发引发了海啸，袭击了岛国汤加。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（2）考查副词。句意：两天后，通讯线路中断，世界各地的人们都在焦急地等待亲人的消息。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填anxiously。
（3）考查介词。句意：上周六晚，汤加主岛以北约40英里处的一座海底火山向空中喷出了超过12英里的火山灰、气体和蒸汽，在该地区上空形成了二氧化硫云，并使一条至关重要的海底互联网电缆瘫痪。特指某一天的晚上，用介词on，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写，故填On。
（4）考查冠词。句意：上周六晚，汤加主岛以北约40英里处的一座海底火山向空中喷出了超过12英里的火山灰、气体和蒸汽，在该地区上空形成了二氧化硫云，并使一条至关重要的海底互联网电缆瘫痪。特指"这个地区"，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：这被认为是三十年来最大的火山爆发，冲击波传播了数千英里。前面有three，所以用名词复数，故填decades。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：这被认为是三十年来最大的火山爆发，冲击波传播了数千英里。with的宾语和travel之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补，故填travelling。
（7）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：数小时后，人口约10万的汤加遭遇海啸袭击。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，attack和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填was attacked。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：在互联网连接被切断前的最后时刻分享的视频显示，人们向内陆奔跑，在一个非常平坦的国家绝望地寻找更高的地方。share和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填shared。
（9）考查比较级。句意：在互联网连接被切断前的最后时刻分享的视频显示，人们向内陆奔跑，在一个非常平坦的国家绝望地寻找更高的地方。表示比当时所在的地方更高，所以用比较级，故填higher。
（10）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：汤加位于太平洋"火山带"，这是一系列地震和火山活动频繁的断层带。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为专有名词，所以谓语用第三人称单数，故填sits。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4．A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on 28 July，1976.In the earthquake two thirds of the people living there were dead or injured.People were greatly （1） shocked （shock） because nearly all the buildings fell down and the whole city lay （2） in ruins.Water，food and electricity were hard to get and people began to wonder how long the disaster （3） would last （last）.It seemed as if the world were coming to （4） an end.
The people of Tangshan didn't lose hope because 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best （5） to dig （dig） out those （6） who were trapped.Workers built shelters for （7） survivors （survivor）.Water and food were taken to the city by every means.（8） Slowly （slow），the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the earthquake，strange things happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells rose and （9） fell （fall）.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard，but people were asleep （10） as usual that night.
【答案】（1）shocked（2）in（3）would last（4）an（5）to dig（6）who（7）survivors（8）Slowly（9）fell（10）as
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了唐山大地震后的惨状以及救援情况。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：人们非常震惊，因为几乎所有的建筑物都倒塌了，整个城市成了废墟。作表语，所以用形容词，表示人"震惊的"，故填shocked。
（2）考查介词。句意：人们非常震惊，因为几乎所有的建筑物都倒塌了，整个城市成了废墟。in ruins"沦为废墟"，为固定搭配，故填in。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：水、食物和电很难得到，人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。描述过去将会，所以用过去将来时，故填would last。
（4）考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日即将来临。come to an end"结束"，end是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：士兵们竭尽全力把被困的人挖出来。try one's best to do sth."尽力做某事"，为固定搭配，故填to dig。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：士兵们竭尽全力把被困的人挖出来。先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：工人们为幸存者建造了避难所。survivor为可数名词，所以用名词复数泛指，故填survivors。
（8）考查副词。句意：慢慢地，这座城市开始恢复了生机。修饰句子，所以用副词，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写，故填Slowly。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：村里井里的水涨了又落。和rose并列作谓语，所以用一般过去时态，故填fell。
（10）考查固定搭配。句意：在唐山城外的天空中可以看到明亮的灯光，听到巨大的噪音，但那天晚上人们像往常一样睡着了。as usual"像往常一样"，为固定搭配，故填as。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
5．One summer it started to rain here and didn't stop for 14 hours.When people saw their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges （1） destroyed （destroy） over floods，they cried.Of course，many people（2） lost （lose） their lives.After it was over，people walked through the mud（泥） left behind（3） to find （find）as many things as they could.Some cried sadly over what they had lost.Others cried with joy when they found their loved ones alive.
When the water went down，though，a（4） surprising （surprise） thing happened.People immediately started to help each other.Some （5） willingly （willing） donated food，water，clothing，and cash to help those （6） who had lost everything.Others went out in the deep mud，（7） helping （help） clean up the damage.Still others spent their days carrying some （8） supplies （supply） to the people who needed them.
（9） It is unbelievable how often the worst things in life bring out the best in us.The love，care，and compassion（同情） that is a win those days have touched my soul.It has made me realize how good people really are.May we always come together in both good and bad times.May we always do all we can to fill our life （10） with love.
【答案】（1）destroyed（2）lost（3）to find（4）surprising（5）willingly（6）who（7）helping（8）supplies（9）It（10）with
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者在一次洪灾中的所见所闻所感告诉我们：灾难无情，但人间有爱。
【解答】（1）destroyed.考查过去分词。当人们看到他们的家园，企业，道路和桥梁被洪水摧毁时，他们哭了。此处是"see+宾语+宾补"结构，动词"destroy"与" their homes，businesses，roads，and bridges" 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词，故填destroyed。
（2）lost.考查时态。当然，很多人失去了生命。文章的主体时态是一般过去时。此处陈述过去发生的事情，表示"许多人丧生"，故填lost。
（3）to find.考查动词不定式。战争结束后，人们走过残留的泥土，尽可能多地寻找东西。此处应用动词不定式表示目的，故填to find。
（4）surprising.考查形容词。但是当水退去的时候，一件意外的事情发生了。修饰物时常用surprising，意为"使人吃惊的"，故填surprising。
（5）willingly.考查副词。有些人自愿捐献食物，水，衣服和现金来帮助那些失去一切的人。此处修饰的是动词donated应用副词，故填willingly。
（6）who.考查定语从句。有些人自愿捐献食物，水，衣服和现金来帮助那些失去一切的人。分析句子结构可知.空处引导定语从句。且先行词为those（此处表示人） ，定语从句中缺少主语，所以用who，故填who。
（7）helping.考查现在分词。其他人则在深深的泥浆中，帮助清理损坏的地方。此处作伴随状语，且Others与help之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填helping。
（8）supplies.考查名词。还有一些人整天为需要的人们运送物资。supply意为"日用（必需）品"时，是可数名词，前面有some，用复数形式，故填supplies。
（9）It.考查代词。难以置信，生活中最糟糕的事情，往往能激发出我们最好的一面。此处iIt作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句，故填It。
（10）with.考查介词。愿我们一直尽我们所能，让我们的生活充满爱。fill…with…固定短语，"用…充满…"，故填with。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
6．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） happened （happen）. For several days the water in the village wells became higher and then lower. The well walls had deep cracks （2） in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the city，（3） but people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（4） Finally （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28， 1976， in which more than 400，000 people died or（5） were injured （injure）. Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of water. People were greatly shocked. Food， water and electricity in the city was completely destroyed and the world seemed （6） to be （be）at an end.It was one of the （7） biggest （big）earthquake of the 20th century， which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up （8） themselves （they），and 150，000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those（9） who were trapped. Workers built shelters for the （10） survivors （survive）. Food and water were taken to the city by every means. Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
【答案】（1）happened （2）in （3）but （4）Finally （5）were injured （6）to be （7）biggest （8）themselves （9）who （10）survivors
【分析】本文主要讲述了唐山大地震在地震之前、震中以及震后的情景．
【解答】（1）happened.考查时态。句意：唐山大地震发生前出现了奇怪的事情。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填happened.
（2）in.考查介词。句意：井壁上有很深的裂缝。表示在…里面，所以用介词in，故填in.
（3）but.考查连词。句意：城市里也发生了一些奇怪的事情，但人们对这些事情不太在意，他们照常睡觉。结合语境可知前后句子之间是转折关系，因此用转折连词but，故填but.
（4）Finally.考查副词。句意：最后，一场可怕的地震于1976年7月28日袭击了唐山。因此用副词形式修饰整个句子，故填Finally.
（5）were injured.考查语态。句意：造成40多万人死亡或5人受伤。通过分析可知这里的主语与injure之间是被动关系，此处表示一种状态，主语为复数名词，故填were injured.
（6）to be.考查不定式。句意：整个世界似乎都在结束。seem to do 似乎做，故填to be.
（7）biggest.考查最高级。句意：它是20世纪最大的地震之一，前面one of，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填biggest.
（8）themselves.考查人称代词。句意：然而，唐山人民没有放弃，指主语本身，所以用反身代词，故填themselves.
（9）who.考查定语从句。句意：士兵们尽力把被困的人挖出来。通过分析句子结构可知这里是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是those（people），且从句缺少主语，因此用关系代词who来引导该从句，故填who.
（10）survivors.考查名词的数。句意：他们也为幸存者建了居所。幸存者不止是一名，因此这里要用复数形式故填survivors.
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
7．This report is about how to be polite． It tells about how we can make （1） our （we）language more polite and how we can make sure we do not upset（使生气）someone from another culture．
It has been found that words such as "would" and "could" can be used（2） to help （help） us to be polite．For example， it is much（3） better （good）to say "Would you do this？" than "Do this! " It is also suggested（4） that it should be useful to say "Please" and "Thank you．" People from the West like to use these words in（5） situations （situation）where some people in Asia may not think it necessary．（6） Saying （say）"Sorry" if we interrupt or disagree（7） with someone also helps us to be polite．For example， when we disagree， we should say "I'm sorry， but I think you are mistaken" rather than "You're wrong!"
In（8） conclusion （conclude），we need to know（9） the custom of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed（尴尬的）．It seems that if people learn something about other（10） cultural （culture） backgrounds before they visit new countries， they will be less likely to upset others．
【答案】（1）our （2）to help （3）better （4）that （5）situations （6）Saying （7）with （8）conclusion （9）the （10）cultural
【分析】这篇文章教给我们有礼貌的方法，保证我们怎样不会使来自其他文化背景的人感到厌烦．
【解答】（1）our.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它讲述了我们如何使我们的语言更加礼貌，放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填our。
（2）to help.考查不定式。句意：人们发现，像"会"和"可以"这样的词可以用来帮助我们保持礼貌。be used to do sth被用来做某事，故填to help。
（3）better.考查比较级。句意：例如，说"你愿意这样做吗？"比"做这个"好得多。后面有than，所以用比较级，故填better。
（4）that.考查主语从句。句意：还有人建议说"请"和"谢谢"是有用的。it作形式主语，后跟that引导的主语从句，that不作成分，无含义，故填that。
（5）situations.考查名词的数。句意：西方人喜欢在一些亚洲人认为没有必要的情况下使用这些词。situation意思是"情况"，为可数名词，所以用复数名词泛指，故填situations。
（6）Saying.考查动名词。句意：如果我们打断或不同意某人的意见，说"对不起"也有助于我们保持礼貌。作主语，所以用动名词，故填Saying。
（7）with.考查介词。句意：如果我们打断或不同意某人的意见，说"对不起"也有助于我们保持礼貌。disagree with与…意见不一致，故填with。
（8）conclusion.考查固定搭配。句意：总之，我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯，这样我们就不会让别人感到尴尬。in conclusion总之，为固定搭配，故填conclusion。
（9）the.考查冠词。句意：总之，我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯，这样我们就不会让别人感到尴尬。后面有of短语作后置定语，所以为特指，故填the。
（10）cultural.考查形容词。句意：看来，如果人们在访问新国家之前了解了其他文化背景，他们就不太可能让别人不舒服。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填cultural。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
8．The death toll from a powerful typhoon sweeping across China's east coast rose to 30 on Sunday，with（1） at least 18 still missing，after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million（2） to leave （leave） their homes，the state news media reported.
（3） Nearly （near）5 million people in Zhejiang Province have been affected by the storm，Typhoon Lekima，（4） which made landfall early Saturday，according to the reports.Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County，near the city of Wenzhou，when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people，said CCTV.
The typhoon，which packed winds of up to 116 mph，caused major travel disruptions（中断）across the region，（5） including （include） in Shanghai，with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended.Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday.
Officials in the city of Linhai，near Taizhou，said on Sunday that the typhoon（6） had caused （cause）the worst flooding there in the 70﹣year history of the People's Republic of China，with water levels as high as 36（7） feet （foot） causing major power failures.State news reports showed people wading through waist﹣high water in the centuries﹣old city's narrow alleyways.
Lekima，China's（8） ninth （nine） typhoon of the year，is expected to make（9） a second landing on Sunday evening farther north in Shandong Province，the state news media said.（10） More （much） air travel disruptions are possible.
【答案】（1）at （2）to leave （3）Nearly （4）which （5）including （6）had caused（ 7）feet （8）ninth （9）a （10）More
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了周六周日的超强台风"利奇马"造成的重大破坏：交通中断，数千架航班取消，火车停运，上海迪士尼乐园于周六关闭，并且台风造成了中华人民共和国70年历史上最严重的洪灾，水位高达36英尺，造成了严重的电力中断。
【解答】语法填空
（1）at.考查固定搭配。句意：周日死亡人数上升至30人，至少有18人仍然下落不明。分析句子可知，at least是固定搭配，意为"至少"，切合句意。故填at。
（2）to leave.考查动词不定式。句意：此前倾盆大雨迫使超过100万人离开家园。分析句子可知，force sb.to do是固定搭配，意为"迫使……做……"，切合语境。故填to leave。
（3）Nearly.考查副词。句意：据报道，浙江省近五百万人受到台风"利奇马"的袭击，台风"利奇马"于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知，此处使用副词性成分作状语，因此使用near的副词形式nearly，且空处位于句首。故填Nearly。
（4）which.考查定语从句的关系词。句意：据报道，浙江省近五百万人受到台风"利奇马"的袭击，台风"利奇马"于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为typhoon Lekima，在从句中作主语，因此使用关系词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（5）including.考查介词。句意：台风风速高达每小时116英里，造成了整个地区的重大旅行线路中断，包括上海在内。分析句子可知，空处缺少介词表示"包括"，故填including。
（6）had caused.考查时态。句意：台州附近的临海市政府官员周日表示，台风造成了中国70年历史上最严重的洪水。分析句子可知，时间状语为in the 70﹣year history，且时间截止点为过去，因此本句使用过去完成时。故填had caused。
（7）feet.考查名词复数。句意：水位高达36英尺。分析句子可知，此处表示长度单位，foot表示单数，feet表示复数，句中所给数量为36，因此使用复数形式。故填feet。
（8）ninth.考查序数词。句意：官方新闻媒体说，预计今年中国第九个台风"利奇马"将在周日傍晚于山东省北部再次登陆。分析句子可知，此处表示第九个，因此使用序数词形式。故填ninth。
（9）a.分考查冠词。析句子可知，不定冠词a/an+序数词表示"又一/再一"的意思，符合本句语境。故填a。
（10）More.考查形容词。句意：可能会有更多的航空旅行中断。结合句意可知，此处应用比较级，且因此处位于句首，故首字母大写。故填More。
【点评】此题要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
9．Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province，（1） which suggested that something terrible was on its way.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers didn't know the reason（2） why their dogs refused to go inside buildings.Unfortunately，the city's one million people（3） who/that were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.
At 3：42 am，a terrible earthquake（4） which/that nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan.Two thirds of the people（5） who/that lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children（6） whose parents died in the earthquake were left homeless.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to the area（7） where the disaster happened to dig out those（8） who were trapped and to bury the dead.
The whole nation will never forget the day，28 July 1976，（9） when Tangshan lay in ruins.Soon after that，（10） as is known to all，Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet.The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster，people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】（1）which（2）why（3）who/that（4）which/that（5）who/that（6）whose（7）where（8）who（9）when（10）as
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是在河北和唐山地震发生的经过以及震后的救援和重建。
【解答】（1）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：河北省的农村发生了奇怪的事情，这表明可怕的事情正在发生。先行词为Strange things，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
（2）why.考查定语从句。句意：农民们不知道他们的狗为什么不肯进房子里去。先行词为the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，故填why。
（3）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：不幸的是，像往常一样熟睡的一百万人在接下来的意外灾难中遭受了很大的痛苦。先行词为people，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（4）which/that.考查定语从句。句意：凌晨3点42分，唐山发生了可怕的地震，全国近三分之一的地区都有震感。先行词为a terrible earthquake，在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。
（5）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：那里三分之二的居民已经死亡或受伤。先行词为Two thirds of the people，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（6）whose.考查定语从句。句意：成千上万父母在地震中丧生的孩子无家可归。先行词为Thousands of children，在定语从句中作定语，故填whose。
（7）where.考查定语从句。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到灾难发生的地区，挖出那些被困住的人并埋葬死者。先行词为在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（8）who.考查定语从句。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到灾难发生的地区，挖出那些被困住的人并埋葬死者。先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（9）when.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：全国人民永远不会忘记1976年7月28日，唐山成为废墟的那一天。先行词为the day，在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，故填when。
（10）as.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：此后不久，众所周知，唐山开始复苏，东山再起。引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面句子的内容，在从句中作主语，表示"正如"。故填as。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
10．Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake（1） happened （happen）.For several days，the water in the village Wells became （2） higher （high）and even lower.The well walls had deep cracks（3）
in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.Some animals including fish and mice behaved strangely.Other strange things also happened in the city，（4） but people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
（5） Finally （final）a terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28，1976，（6） where more than 400，000 people died or （7） were injured （injure）.Many houses fell down and filled the wells instead of water.People were （8） greatly （great）shocked.Food，water and electricity in the city were hard（9） to get （get）and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city（10） was destroyed （destroy） and the world seemed （11） to be （be） at an end.It was one of the（12） biggest （big） earthquakes of the 20th century，（13） which even Beijing could feel.
However，the people of Tangshan didn't give up（14） themselves （they），and 150，000 soldiers（15） were sent （send）to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried their best to dig out those who（16） were trapped （trap）.Workers built shelters for the（17） survivors （survive）.Food and water（18） were taken （take） to the city by every means.Slowly，the city began to come back to life.
【答案】（1）happened（2）higher（3）in（4）but（5）Finally（6）where（7）were injured（8）greatly（9）to get（10）was destroyed（11）to be（12）biggest（13）which（14）themselves（15）were sent（16）were trapped（17）survivors（18）were taken
【分析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述唐山地震的发生及救援活动。
【解答】（1）happened.考查动词时态。句意：在唐山地震发生之前，奇怪的事情出现了。分析句子可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填happened。
（2）higher.考查比较级。句意：几天来，村井里的水越来越高，甚至越来越低。结合句意可知，此处表示"更高的"，故用比较级，故填higher。
（3）in.考查介词。句意：井壁上有很深的裂缝。in表示"在...里面"符合句意，故填in。
（4）but.考查连词。句意：城市里也发生了其他奇怪的事情，但人们很少考虑这些事件，照常睡觉。结合句意可知，前后为转折关系，故填but。
（5）Finally.考查副词。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰句子，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填Finally。
（6）where.考查定语从句。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tangshan，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（7）were injured.考查动词时态及语态。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山市发生了一场可怕的地震，造成40多万人伤亡。时间状语为on July 28，1976，句子用一般过去时，主语people 与injure之间是被动关系，且主语为复数形式，故填were injured。
（8）greatly.考查副词。句意：人们大为震惊。分析句子可知，此处修饰形容词shocked，故用副词修饰形容词，故填greatly。
（9）to get.考查动词不定式。句意：城市里的食物、水和电很难获得，人们开始怀疑这场灾难会持续多久。主语+形容词+to do表示"某件事做起来怎么样"，故填to get。
（10）was destroyed.考查动词时态及语态。句意：整个城市被毁，世界似乎走到了尽头。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语The whole city与动词destroy之间是被动关系，且主语为单数形式，故填was destroyed。
（11）to be.考查动词不定式。句意：整个城市被毁，世界似乎走到了尽头。seem to do表示"似乎做某事"，故填to be。
（12）biggest.考查最高级。句意：这是20世纪最大的地震之一，连北京都能感觉到。one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示"最...的其中一个"，故填biggest。
（13）which.考查定语从句。句意：这是20世纪最大的地震之一，连北京都能感觉到。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为one of the（12）earthquakes of the 20th century，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（14）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：然而，唐山人民并没有放弃自己，15万士兵被派去帮助救援人员。结合句意可知，此处表示"他们自己"，故用反身代词，故填themselves。
（15）were sent.考查动词时态及语态。句意：然而，唐山人民并没有放弃自己，15万士兵被派去帮助救援人员。结合句意和didn't 可知，此处用一般过去时，主语soldiers与send之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且主语为复数形式，故填were sent。
（16）were trapped.考查动词时态及语态。句意：士兵们尽力把被困的人挖出来。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，主语who指代先行词those，表示"那些人"，与动词trap之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且结合句意和tried可知，此处用一般过去时，故填were trapped。
（17）survivors.考查名词。句意：工人们为幸存者建造了庇护所。分析句子可知，此处作介词for的宾语，表示"幸存者"，故用名词作宾语，且结合句意可知，此处表示复数含义，故用名词的复数形式，故填survivors。
（18）were taken.考查动词时态及语态。句意：食物和水被用各种方法运到城里。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语Food and water与take之间是被动关系，故填were taken。
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。
11．Several days before July 28，1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the well，and even（1） smelly （smell） gas was coming out of one well.Some animals also had some unusual behavior.But people in the city， （2） who were asleep as usual that night，didn't think much of these.At 3：42am，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century broke out.It destroyed the city and even caused damage in Beijing.In less than one minute，Tangshan （3） lay （lie） in ruins.The number of people who were killed or（4） terribly （terrible） injured in the quake（5） was （be） more than 400，000.Later that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan again.More buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard（6） to get （get）.But all the hope wasn't lost.Soon after the quakes，teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.
Many more people，（7） including （include） workers and doctors，came to provide help.Through all the（8） efforts （effort），the city began to breathe again.Today，（9） a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins，which has proved（10） to the entire world that in times of disasters，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
【答案】（1）smelly（2）who（3）lay（4）terribly（5）was（6）to get（7）including（8）efforts（9）a（10）
【分析】本文作者主要介绍了二十世纪发生在中国河北省唐山市的那次最大的地震：其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。
【解答】（1）smelly.考查。句意：井里的水，甚至臭气都从一口井里冒出来。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填smelly。
（2）who.考查。句意：但城里的人，那天晚上照常睡觉，并没有想太多。先行词为people，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填who。
（3）lay.考查。句意：不到一分钟，唐山就成了一片废墟。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填lay。
（4）terribly.考查。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填terribly。
（5）was.考查。句意：在地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数超过40万。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为the number of+复数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填was。
（6）to get.考查。句意：水、食物和电都很难得到，但希望并没有完全破灭。本句为形容词+不定式，故填to get。
（7）including.考查。句意：更多的人，包括工人和医生，来提供帮助。后跟名词，所以用介词，故填including。
（8）efforts.考查。句意：通过所有的努力，这座城市又开始有了生机。前面有all，所以用复数名词，故填efforts。
（9）a.考查。句意：今天，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山，向全世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，拿出积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（10）to.考查。句意：今天，在地震废墟上建起了一座新的唐山，向全世界证明，在灾难面前，人们必须团结起来，拿出积极向上的智慧，重建更加美好的未来。表示"向某人证明"，所以用prove to sb.，故填to。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
12．
A Girl Who Is Good at Drawing
Mary （1） whose drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student （2） who/that is often praised for her good works at school.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall，our eye was caught by a large picture （3） that/which was hung on the wall in front of us.
The horse （4） that/which was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse.The man （5） who/that was riding on it looked like a living man.
It was the best picture （6） that I had ever seen.I should say Mary is the best young painter （7） that/who/whom I have ever heard of.However，you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter.One of her teachers told me that （8） it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter （9） that/who has ever been heard of in her hometown.So if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it，I will certainly agree（10） with you.
【答案】（1）whose（2）who/that（3）that/which（4）that/which（5）who/that（6）that（7）that/who/whom（8）it（9）that/who（10）with
【分析】本文为说明文，主要一个模范生玛丽画画特别好，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。
【解答】（1）whose.考查定语从句。句意：玛丽的画上个月在展览会上展出了，她是一个模范学生，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为Mary，在从句中作定语，故填whose。
（2）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：玛丽的画上个月在展览会上展出了，她是一个模范学生，常因在学校的好作品而受到表扬。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a model student，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（3）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：我们一进展厅，眼前的墙上就挂着一幅大画。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为picture，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（4）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：画中画的马和真马一模一样。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the horse，指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
（5）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：骑在上面的人看上去像个活人。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the man，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（6）that.考查定语从句。句意：这是我见过的最好的照片。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为picture，在从句中作seen的宾语，先行词被the best修饰，故填that。
（7）that.考查定语从句。句意：我应该说玛丽是我所听说过的最好的年轻画家。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为painter，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填that。
（8）it.考查固定句式。句意：她的一位老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，直到她成为家乡有史以来最好的年轻画家。固定句式it takes sb some time to do表示"做某事花费某人多长时间"，其中it作形式猪油，真正的主语为动词不定式，故填it。
（9）that/who.考查定语从句。句意：她的一位老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，直到她成为家乡有史以来最好的年轻画家。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为painter，指人，在从句中作主语，故填that/who。
（10）with.考查介词。句意：所以，如果你说她是通过努力学习才学会如此擅长绘画的，我当然会同意你的看法。agree with表示"同意某人的观点"符合句意，故填with。
【点评】解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。
13．Sarah Jayne is a twenty﹣year﹣old girl from the U．K．After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much （1） better （good） place if everyone could do three favors（善意的行为） for others．She lost her father （2） at the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friends's children whose dad died （3） recently （recent）．Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother's life easier．
This "success" led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school （4） to help （help） improve the students' mental（心理的） health．Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost （5） her （she） eyesight．It was Anna that（6） introduced （introduce） the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago．As she loved reading，it was （7） a real act of kindness to spend time （8） reading （read） out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night．
Sarah said，"I couldn't believe at first how three small favors could make a big（9） difference （different）．All the people （10） who were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward．"
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是说明文．本文主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人．
【解答】1．better．考查比较级． 根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better．
2．at．考查固定短语． 固定短语at the age of 表示"在……岁时"．故填at．
3．recently．考查副词． 该空应用副词修饰动词died，故填recently．
4．to help．考查动词不定式． 该空用动词不定式表which was to set up a counseling（咨询） service at her school的目的，故填to help．
5．her．考查代词． 该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight．故填her．
6．introduced．考查谓语动词． 根据two months ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced．
7．a．考查冠词． act表示"行为，举动"时为可数名词，此处表示"一个"，故填a．
8．reading．考查动名词． spend time doing sth表示"花时间做某事"．故填reading．
9．difference．考查派生词． 固定短语make a big difference表示"有很大影响"．故填difference．
10．who．考查定语从句． 先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who．
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
14．As the（1） founder （found）of the republic，the president had many good qualities.Before（2） coming （come） to power，he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to （3） selflessly （selfless） help everyone who turned to him.He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated.Later，（4） believing （believe）all mankind to be equal，he devoted himself （5） to stopping the unfair anti﹣black laws.He set up the Black Youth League and was voted to be the leader.However，though he kept peaceful principles without （6） violence （violent） and terror，his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives，and he himself couldn't escape（7） being sentenced （sentence） to 30 years in prison.
Not fearing of the prison guards' cruelty，he kept active and（8） begged （beg） no mercy from them.As a matter of fact，he was always（9） hopeful （hope）and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.
（10） Finally （final） ，people rewarded him with the leader's position and a gold blanket.
【答案】（1）founder （2）coming（3）selflessly （4）believing （5）to 6.violence （7）being sentenced（8）begged （9）hopeful （10）Finally
【分析】文章介绍了一位伟大的总统作为共和国的创始人，这位总统具备许多的优秀品质。还在掌权之前，他就是一位慷慨的律师。他愿意无私地帮助那些向他求助的人。
【解答】（1）founder.考查名词。句意：作为人民的建立者，所以把found变形为founder。故填founder。
（2）coming.考查动名词。句意：在掌权之前。当before之后没有主语，视为介词，其后接动名词，所以把come变形为动名词coming。故填coming。
（3）selflessly.考查副词。句意：他愿意无私地帮助每一个求助于他的人。be willing to do sth，所以此处的selfless是用来修饰动词的，变成副词形式。故填selflessly。
（4）believing.考查现在分词。句意：相信全人类是平等的。he与believe是主动的，所以填现在分词形式，故填believing。
（5）to.考查介词。句意：他致力于推翻不公平的反黑人法律。devote to意为"贡献"，且其后面加动名词形式（stopping），故填to。
（6）violence.考查名词。句意：虽然他坚持和平原则，没有暴力和恐怖。without介词后且与名词terror并列 ，故填violence。
（7）being sentenced.考查动名词。句意：他自己没逃脱被拘禁30年在监狱里。所以是被动，又因为escape后加动名词，故填being sentenced。
（8）begged.考查时态。句意：他保持活跃，不向他们乞求怜悯。由连接词前的kept可知，此处用过去式，要注意beg变过去式是特殊情况，故填begged。
（9）hopeful.考查形容词。句意：他经常是充满希望的。系动词后用形容词作表语，故填hopeful。
（10）Finally.考查副词。句意：最后，人们奖励他领导的位置和一条金毯子。副词置于句首，以逗号隔开，修饰整个句子。故填Finally。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
15．I will tell you a story（1） which is very interesting.It is about a good man（2） who is called Tom.Tom married a girl（3） whose name is Jane.Jane is the girl（4） who Tom loves.They live in a house（5） which was built by Tom's father.It is an old house（6） where Tom was born.It is in the house（7） where he was born that they got married.Tom likes to write stories and Jane loves all the stories（8） which Tom writes.They have 5 children，3 of（9） whom are boys.The children are very clever，（10） which makes Tom very happy.All the children go to college，（11） which their parents expect.Tom once said he would never forget the day（12） when he met Jane.Tom believes that Jane is the most beautiful girl（13） who he has ever met.That is the reason（14） why he wanted to marry her.Jane said that Tom was the person with（15） whom she would live for a whole life.They are really a happy couple，from（16） whom we can learn a lot.Their children live in a family（17） where their parents are treating them like friends.We all admire the way（18） that Tom treats his children.He is a good man with（19） whom everyone would like to live.
Tom is one of the villagers（20） who have been reported in the newspaper and he is the only one of those villagers who has acted in a film.
【答案】（1）which（2）who（3）whose（4）who（5）which（6）where（7）where（8）which（9）whom（10）which（11）which（12）when（13）who（14）why（15）whom（16）whom（17）where（18）that（19）whom（20）who
【分析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述汤姆和简的故事
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