中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末培优 语法填空
一.语法填空(共15小题)
1.Words and sentences are important in communication,but we communicate not only in spoken and(1) (write)words,but also in body language.We often see unconscious body language,which (2) (vary)from culture to culture.
When introduced to(3) (strange),we use "leaned" body language.Like other animals,we are on guard until we know it is safe(4) (relax).So every culture has developed a formal way of(5) (greet)strangers,which helps show we are not aggressive.(6) (traditional),Europeans and Americans shake each other(7) the hand,meaning they trust each other.
Greetings are different around the world.In China,people put the right hand over the left and bow slightly in ancient times.Today,people still use their hands in formal greetings,(8) also means trust.American youths often greet each other with (9) expression,"Give me five!"
Body language can convey more information than words,(10) people easily give themselves away by their gestures.
2.When ① (meet)people at the airport,most people smile and shake hands with people they meet.We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel ② (friend) and happy,but what if we don't know ③ the new person is?What if we are not introduced by a friend?What if we are meeting a stranger in ④ unfamiliar place?Sometimes people are ⑤ (danger) and humans have to find ways to protect ⑥ (they).We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know,and we have to show that we are not aggressive.Showing our hands ⑦ (mean) that we are not armed.In many cultures today,the Western custom of shaking hands ⑧ (use).We use our right hand, ⑨ is usually stronger than the left one.If we are using our hand this way,it means that we cannot be holding a knife ⑩ a gun.It shows that we trust the other person,and that the other person can trust us.
3.It is important for an(1) (educate)to understand what makes each student tick.(2) (general) speaking,I usually look(3) their body language.I know when students are really interested,because they lean forward and look at me.People have a(4) (tend)to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is(5) (bore) and just continuing the minutes for the class to end.
A good teacher should also have the strategy(6) (distinguish)when students are troubled,and try(7) (inquiry) what is going on about them.Anyway,reacting(8) body language is an important component for a teacher,(9) duty is helping all teenagers learn(10) (active) and devotedly.
4.Words are important,but body language can also give us(1) (inform) about people's feelings.Body language is one of (2) most powerful means of communication.It is used(3) (convey) people's thoughts and opinions and to communicate with each other.When talking with others,you are not just using words,(4) using facial expressions as well as gestures.Just like spoken language,body language (5) (vary) from culture to culture.The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different cultures.The gestures we use for "yes" and "no" and the way we greet(6) (different) around the world.Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means "sleep".Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.
A smile can help us get(7) difficult situations and find friends.A smile can break(8) barriers.Experts suggest (9) (smile) at yourself in the mirror(10) (make) yourself feel happier.
5.As we all know,we can learn a lot about others' feelings and thoughts by watching(1) (they)body language.In fact,body language(2) (vary) from culture to culture,so the crucial thing(3) (be) using body language in a way(4) is appropriate to the culture you are in.In different(5) (culture),the gesture for "OK" has(6) (differ) meanings.For example,in Japan,this gesture means money.Even the gestures we use(7) "yes" and "no" differ around the world.Besides,there are some gestures with(8) same meaning everywhere.For example,(9) (move) hand in circles over the stomach after a meal means "I am full".Some body language has many different uses and perhaps (10) (good) example is smiling.
6.The world is getting used to being told that Nordic(斯堪的纳维亚的)countries are among the best places to live.The release(发表)of the 2020 World Happiness Report again shows that(1) (impress),with four Nordic countries in the top five happiest nations.
Finland,(2) headed the table last year,came top again,(3) (follow) by Denmark,Norway and Iceland.The Netherlands joined them in the top five.Actually,it's easy to see how wars can bring the pain(4) people,but what really makes a happy nation?The report's authors insist it's not just about money,even though the top 10 are all (5) (wealth) countries.
Responses and answers around six factors(6) (use) to make the survey,including GDP,social support,generosity and so on.Finland scores well on all factors but(7) (particular) strong on generosity.The authors say that helping others(8) (make) you feel better,but only if you choose to do it.Almost half of Finns donate regularly to charities and almost (9) third said they had spent time(10) (volunteer) for charities in the past month.
Although Finland doesn't have the highest GDP among the Nordic countries,it tops the happiness list.
7.As more companies start selling tickets to travel into space,people are asking:Who gets to call themselves an astronaut?
It is no longer an easy question to answer.People (1) are very rich are able to pay to go into space.Russian space officials have been calling them spaceflight(2) (participate) for many years.
The new supervisor of the U.S.space agency NASA is Bill Nelson.He does not consider(3) (him) an astronaut although he(4) (spend) six days in space in 1986.He was a congressman then.He told The Associated Press that he believes the term "astronaut" should be(5) professionals.
Axiom Space's Michael Lopez﹣Alegria is(6) former NASA astronaut.He will join three businessmen on a SpaceX spacecraft on a trip to the space station(7) (plan) for January.They each paid $55 million for the trip.Lopez﹣Alegria said they do not consider themselves space (8) (tour) since they will be doing research.
Recently,Axiom Space said there(9) (be)a second flight to the space station next year.Peggy Whitson will be on that flight.She is a(10) (retire) NASA astronaut who has spent 665 days in space.
8.Yuan Longping,who (1) (know) as the "father of hybrid rice",considers himself a farmer.When he was young, (2) concerned him most was farmers' (3) (short) of food to eat,so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953,he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to(4) (create) a kind of hybrid rice,which could attain a (5) (high) yield.In 1974,he succeeded in making it (6) reality.Today,60% of domestic consumption in China is comprised of crops(7) (generate) from his hybrid strains,for which he has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old "farmer",caring little (8) celebrity or money,is still living a simple life.Despite his (9) (advance) years,he is trying (10) (fulfill) his dreams of riding the world of hunger.
9.Singapore has announced new measures(1) (design) to quickly increase local food production,including rooftop farming.Officials in the city﹣state recently set a goal to meet 30 percent of Singapore's(2) (nutrition) needs with locally produced food by 2030.
The plan includes ﹩21 million in government money to support local production of eggs,vegetables and fish "in the(3) (short) possible time."
The plans were announced(4) the worldwide spread of COVID﹣19 has caused shortages of many products,(5) (include)food in some areas.Restrictions on population movements around the world have weakened supply chains and raised concerns(6) worsening shortages and price increases.
(7) (current),densely populated Singapore produces only about 10 percent of its own food needs.Singapore's Food Agency says its goal is to raise local food production levels to make up for climate change and population growth(8) could threaten worldwide food supplies.
"The current COVID﹣19 situation underscores the importance of local food production,as part of Singapore's strategies to ensure food(9) (secure)," the Food Agency said in a statement.Singapore officials have repeatedly told citizens that the city﹣state has enough food to get(10) the COVID﹣19 crisis.But they have decided to speed up the process of increasing local production to begin within the next six months.
10.Islands in the Pacific Ocean have few coronavirus cases. (1) ,the pandemic has caused problems by interfering with supplies,(2) (cause) price increases and a loss of business from foreign visitors.
Many governments have started community projects (3) (help) their citizens with food shortages.(4) are extending fishing seasons,expanding food gathering training and supporting seed programs.These programs are helping residents to become more (5) (self﹣reliance).
"We(6) (initial) started with 5,000 seeds and thought we would finish them(7) nine months' time.But there was a very big response,and we finished(8) (distribute) the seeds in one week," said Vinesh Kumar,head of operation for Fiji's Agriculture Ministry.
The project provides people(9) vegetable seeds,small trees and basic farming equipment to help them grow their own home gardens.
A local resident said she has owned a garden(10) various kinds of vegetables have grown quiet well now.
11.
China creates "harvest festival" for farmers
China has created a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest,the first festival created by the state(1) (specific)for the country's farmers.
"The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival will fall on the Autumn Equinox(秋分)each year,(2) (start)this year," Han Changfu,minister of agriculture and rural affairs,(3) (explain)at a press conference Thursday. "The festival will give greater importance(4) rural work,speed up China's rural vitalization,and push for faster(5) (develop)of agriculture and rural areas," Han said.
"The festival should celebrate farmers,and they(6) (encourage)to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest," Han said.Some activities will be held nationwide,(7) most of the celebration will take place at a local level.Local governments can host various activities for the festival,such as folk culture(8) (perform),food tastings and sightseeing.
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival reflects(9) high value the government places on agriculture,rural areas and rural people,as well as its determination(10) (see)a thriving(繁荣的)agricultural industry,beautiful countryside and well﹣off farmers.
12.A group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology﹣based method to grow crops from moisture in the air.The method,(1) as aeroponics,does not involve soil.Instead,plant roots hang in the air.The roots take(2) a nutrient solution from a watery mist.
Aeroponics is not well﹣known in Nigeria,(3) farmers there are working to make the technique more popular.
The technique could make(4) big difference in places like the city of Abeokuta.(5) (violent) and desertification ﹣﹣ the process by which fertile land becomes desert ﹣﹣ have made huge amounts of land unfarmable.Biochemist Samson Ogbole is(6) (popular)known as Nigeria's smart farmer.He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology﹣based farm they(7) (begin) three years ago in Abeokuta.
Ogbole say they are on a campaign to end(8) (season)food scarcity in Nigeria.
"Because we are the ones (9) (control) everything that the plant requires,we are not depending on seasons.So it's no longer seasonal farming.It is just farming anytime of the year,(10) means you can plant anytime of the year,we can harvest anytime of the year."
13.(2021秋 荔湾区校级月考)There are(1) (variety)kinds of theme parks around the world.Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park(2) (appeal) to you.The theme park you're(3) (probable) most familiar with is Disneyland,(4) will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true.Dolly wood,(5) (locate) in the southeastern USA,is unique because it shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.People come from all over America(6) (see) skilled workers make wood,glass,and iron objects in the old﹣fashioned way.And for those who like rides,(7) (ride) on the only steam engine still working in the southeastern United States is a special treat.
Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai,China,is one of the leading ocean﹣themed(8) (park) in the world,where watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both(9) (education) and fun.If it is ocean entertainment (10) you are looking for,come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom!
14.(2024秋 深圳模拟)When the winter approaches,tanghulu,a traditional Chinese snack can be found on the street corner in northern China.Since the ancient times,it(1) (be) very popular with natives,especially children.
Tanghulu is(2) (common) made of haws (山楂),which are rich in vitamin C and are known(3) (have) traditional Chinese medicine properties.According to a legend,800 years ago,one of the emperor's(4) (wife) was sick and had(5) poor appetite.
The doctor suggested that she eat 10 haws(6) (boil) with sugar before dinner.She recovered within two weeks.Later,the prescription was passed on(7) ordinary people.
People put haws on a stick,dipped them in hot sugar syrup (糖浆) and dried.The syrup finally turned into a solid coating,like crystal on the surface of haws.That is(8) they are also called bingtanghulu.(9) origin story says that the very first tanghulu only had two haws:a small one on the top and a big one below,making it resemble a hulu,a bringer of good luck.
With sour haws and sweet sugar,the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors,which often(10) (remind)people of their happy childhoods.
15.(2024秋 合肥二模)Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven,while the other end is square which symbolizes earth.
This is because keeping enough food is(1) (great)concern than anything else.It is important to note that chopsticks are used in many different cultures and there is no single standard for the use of chopsticks.Here are some customs(2) (associate)with chopsticks in China.Playing with chopsticks(3) (consider)bad manners.And chopsticks should not be placed(4) (vertical)in a bowl of rice or other food.Any stick﹣like object pointing upward(5) (resemble)the incense(香)sticks that people use(6) offerings to their dead family members.It is also bad manners to tap chopsticks on(7) edge of one's bowl,because in ancient China beggars often made this noise(8) (attract)attention.
In Chinese, "chopsticks"reads"kuai zi",which means"to have sons soon, "so a newly﹣married couple will be very happy to accept chopsticks as(9) (they)wedding gift.
(10) has already been found out is that using chopsticks improves one's memory,increases finger dexterity(灵巧)and can be useful in learning and improving skills such as Chinese character printing and brush painting.
期末培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一.语法填空(共15小题)
1.Words and sentences are important in communication,but we communicate not only in spoken and(1) written (write)words,but also in body language.We often see unconscious body language,which (2) varies (vary)from culture to culture.
When introduced to(3) strangers (strange),we use "leaned" body language.Like other animals,we are on guard until we know it is safe(4) to relax (relax).So every culture has developed a formal way of(5) greeting (greet)strangers,which helps show we are not aggressive.(6) Traditionally (traditional),Europeans and Americans shake each other(7) by the hand,meaning they trust each other.
Greetings are different around the world.In China,people put the right hand over the left and bow slightly in ancient times.Today,people still use their hands in formal greetings,(8) which also means trust.American youths often greet each other with (9) the expression,"Give me five!"
Body language can convey more information than words,(10) so people easily give themselves away by their gestures.
【答案】(1)written(2)varies(3)strangers(4)to relax(5)greeting(6)Traditionally(7)by(8)which(9)the(10)so
【分析】我们不仅用口头和书面语言交流,还用身体语言交流。本文主要介绍了肢体语言。
【解答】(1)written.考查过去分词。句意:单词和句子在交流中很重要,但我们不仅用口头和书面语言交流,还用身体语言交流。和spoken并列作定语,和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词,故填written。
(2)varies.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我们经常看到无意识的肢体语言,这因文化而异。描述现状,所以用一般现在时态,主语which指代的先行词为单数名词,故填varies。
(3)strangers.考查复数名词。句意:当被介绍给陌生人时,我们会使用"倾斜的"肢体语言。表示"陌生人",所以用stranger故,为可数名词,所以用复数泛指,填strangers。
(4)to relax.考查不定式。句意:和其他动物一样,我们会保持警惕,直到我们知道放松是安全的。it作形式主语,所以用不定式作真正主语,故填to relax。
(5)greeting.考查动名词。句意:因此,每种文化都发展出了一种正式的问候陌生人的方式,这有助于表明我们没有攻击性。作介词的宾语,所以用动名词,故填greeting。
(6)Traditionally.考查副词。句意:传统上,欧洲人和美国人互相握手,表示他们互相信任。修饰句子,所以用副词,故填Traditionally。
(7)by.考查介词。句意:传统上,欧洲人和美国人互相握手,表示他们互相信任。shake sb.by the hand握某人的手,故填by。
(8)which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:今天,人们仍然在正式的问候中使用手,这也意味着信任。指代前面句子,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。
(9)the.考查冠词。句意:美国年轻人经常这样打招呼:"击掌!"特指后面的短语,所以用定冠词,故填the。
(10)so.考查连词。句意:肢体语言比语言能传达更多的信息,所以人们很容易通过手势暴露自己。前后是因果关系,所以用so表示"所以",故填so。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
2.When ① meeting (meet)people at the airport,most people smile and shake hands with people they meet.We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel ② friendly (friend) and happy,but what if we don't know ③ who the new person is?What if we are not introduced by a friend?What if we are meeting a stranger in ④ an unfamiliar place?Sometimes people are ⑤ dangerous (danger) and humans have to find ways to protect ⑥ themselves (they).We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know,and we have to show that we are not aggressive.Showing our hands ⑦ means (mean) that we are not armed.In many cultures today,the Western custom of shaking hands ⑧ is used (use).We use our right hand, ⑨ which is usually stronger than the left one.If we are using our hand this way,it means that we cannot be holding a knife ⑩ or a gun.It shows that we trust the other person,and that the other person can trust us.
【答案】①meeting ②friendly ③who ④an ⑤dangerous ⑥themselves ⑦means ⑧is used ⑨which ⑩or
【分析】本文主要介绍了在不同的文化中,微笑和握手的含义。
【解答】①meeting .考查现在分词。句意:当在机场迎接人们时,大多数人微笑着和他们遇到的人握手。meet 与其逻辑主语 most people 是主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,故填meeting。
②friendly.考查形容词。句意:我们知道微笑通常是人们感到友好和快乐的标志,但如果我们不知道这个新人是谁呢?feel 是连系动词,后面应该用形容词作表语,friendly 是形容词,意为 "友好的",故填friendly。
③who.考查宾语从句。句意:我们知道微笑通常是人们感到友好和快乐的标志,但如果我们不知道这个新人是谁呢?know 后面跟的是宾语从句,该空在从句中作表语指人,故应填连接代词 who,故填who。
④an.考查冠词。句意:如果我们在一个不熟悉的地方遇到一个陌生人呢?此处泛指一个不熟悉的地方,unfamiliar 以元音音素开头,所以用an,故填an。
⑤dangerous.考查形容词。句意:有时人们是危险的,人类必须找到保护自己的方法,我们必须确保我们可以信任我们不认识的人,我们必须表明我们没有攻击性。根据该句的结构可以判断,are 后面应该填形容词作表语,故填dangerous。
⑥themselves.考查反身代词。句意:有时人们是危险的,人类必须找到保护自己的方法,我们必须确保我们可以信任我们不认识的人,我们必须表明我们没有攻击性。反身代词通常表示它与句中的主语是同一人,在句中作宾语,不能省略,反身代词以 ﹣self (单数) 或 –selves (复数) 结尾,由 humans 可知填 themselves,故填themselves。
⑦means.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:伸出手来表示我们没有武器。描述现状,所以用一般现在时态,主句的主语为动名词短语 Showing our hands,动名词短语作主语,谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式,故填means。
⑧is used.考查时态语态。句意:在今天的许多文化中,都使用西方的握手习惯。此处指这种握手的西方的习俗被使用,应该用被动语态,根据上下文句子的时态,可以判断此处应该用一般现在时,故填is used。
⑨which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我们用右手,右手通常比左手有力。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是 right hand,表示物,在从句中作主语,因此该空应该用关系代词which,故填which。
⑩or.考查连词。句意:如果我们这样用手,就意味着我们不能拿着刀或枪。此处指不可能拿着刀子或者枪,此处应该表示选择关系,or 表示 "或者",故填or。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
3.It is important for an(1) educator (educate)to understand what makes each student tick.(2) Generally (general) speaking,I usually look(3) at their body language.I know when students are really interested,because they lean forward and look at me.People have a(4) tendency (tend)to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is(5) bored (bore) and just continuing the minutes for the class to end.
A good teacher should also have the strategy(6) to distinguish (distinguish)when students are troubled,and try(7) to inquire (inquiry) what is going on about them.Anyway,reacting(8) to body language is an important component for a teacher,(9) whose duty is helping all teenagers learn(10) actively (active) and devotedly.
【答案】(1)educator(2)Generally(3)at(4)tendency(5)bored(6)to distinguish(7)to inquire(8)to(9)whose(10)actively
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了教育者要学会通过肢体语言来使学生活跃起来。
【解答】(1)educator.考查名词。句意:对于教育者来说,了解是什么让每个学生活跃起来是很重要的。分析句子结构可知,不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词,设空处需填名词"教育者",educator意为"教育者"。故填educator。
(2)Generally.考查副词。句意:一般来说,我通常会看他们的肢体语言。分析句子结构,设空处修饰整个句子,需填副词形式,generally意为"一般地",是副词,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Generally。
(3)at.考查介词。句意:一般来说,我通常会看他们的肢体语言。look at为固定短语,意为"看"符合句意。故填at。
(4)tendency.考查名词。句意:人们总是倾向于他们感兴趣的东西。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词,设空处需填名词"倾向",tendency意为"倾向"。故填tendency。
(5)bored.考查形容词。句意:所以,如果一个学生低下头去看表,这意味着他很无聊,只是继续等着课结束。分析句子结构可知,is为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语,此处表示人的感受,需用﹣ed结尾的形容词,bored意为"感到无聊的"。故填bored。
(6)to distinguish.考查不定式。句意:一个好老师还应该有这样的策略:当学生遇到麻烦时,他应该能够分辨出来,并尽力去探究他们身上发生了什么事。分析句子结构可知,设空处作前面名词strategy的后置定语。又根据习惯用法可知,strategy后面的定语多由不定式构成,故填to distinguish。
(7)to inquire.考查不定式。句意:一个好老师还应该有这样的策略:当学生遇到麻烦时,他应该能够分辨出来,并尽力去探究他们身上发生了什么事。try to do sth.意为"尽力做某事",符合句意。故填to inquire。
(8)to.考查介词。句意:无论如何,对肢体语言做出反应是老师的一个重要组成部分,老师的职责就是帮助所有的青少年积极而专注地学习。此处指对身体语言做出反应,react to 为固定短语,意为"对……做出反应",故填to。
(9)whose.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:无论如何,对肢体语言做出反应是老师的一个重要组成部分,老师的职责就是帮助所有的青少年积极而专注地学习。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a teacher,关系词在从句中作定语,需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
(10)actively.考查副词。句意:无论如何,对肢体语言做出反应是老师的一个重要组成部分,老师的职责就是帮助所有的青少年积极而专注地学习。设空处修饰前面的learn,应用副词形式,故填actively。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4.Words are important,but body language can also give us(1) information (inform) about people's feelings.Body language is one of (2) the most powerful means of communication.It is used(3) to convey (convey) people's thoughts and opinions and to communicate with each other.When talking with others,you are not just using words,(4) but using facial expressions as well as gestures.Just like spoken language,body language (5) varies (vary) from culture to culture.The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different cultures.The gestures we use for "yes" and "no" and the way we greet(6) are different (different) around the world.Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means "sleep".Some body language has many different uses.Perhaps the best example is smiling.
A smile can help us get(7) through difficult situations and find friends.A smile can break(8) down barriers.Experts suggest (9) smiling (smile) at yourself in the mirror(10) makes (make) yourself feel happier.
【答案】(1)information (2)the (3)to convey (4)but (5)varies (6)are different (7)through (8)down (9)smiling (10)makes
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了肢体语言在我们日常交际中的重要性以及不同文化中肢体语言的差异。
【解答】(1)information.考查名词。句意:语言固然重要,但肢体语言也能给我们提供关于人们感受的信息。空格处涉及固定短语give sb.sth.,意为"给某人某物",空格处应为名词,作give的直接宾语,inform意为"通知",动词词性,对应的名词形式为information,意为"信息",为不可数名词。故填information。
(2)the.考查冠词。句意:肢体语言是最有力的交流手段之一。设空处涉及固定句型"It is one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数",意为"……是最……之一",powerful意为"强有力的",形容词词性,最高级为the most powerful,故空格处应填定冠词the。故填the。
(3)to convey.考查动词不定式。句意:它被用来传递人们的思想和观点。设空处涉及固定短语"be used to do sth.",意为"被用来做某事",convey意为"传递",动词词性,故空格处应用to convey,表示肢体语言被用来传递人们的思想和观点,符合句意。故填to convey。
(4)but.考查固定句型。句意:当你和别人交谈时,你不仅仅是在用语言,也在用姿势和面部表情。设空处涉及固定句型"not just…but…",意为"不仅仅……而且……",句中指不仅仅是在用语言,也在用姿势和面部表情,符合句意。故填but。
(5)varies.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:就像口语一样,肢体语言也因文化而异。空格所在句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,vary意为"相异,不同",动词词性,句子主语body language意为"肢体语言",为不可数名词,故谓语动词用第三人称单数,vary的三单形式为varies。故填varies。
(6)are different.考查形容词和主谓一致。句意:我们用来表示"是"和"否"的手势以及我们打招呼的方式是不同的。分析句子结构可知,句子为"主语+系动词+表语"结构,The gestures we use for "yes" and "no" 和 the way we greet为and连接的两个并列成分作句子主语,different意为"不同的",形容词词性,在句中充当表语,根据句意,应用be动词连接主语和表语,构成主系表结构,空格所在句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,主语为and连接的两个并列成分,故be动词用are。故填are different。
(7)through.考查介词。句意:微笑可以帮助我们度过难关,找到朋友。设空处涉及固定短语"get through",意为"度过(艰难或不愉快的一段时间)",句中指度过难关,符合句意。故填through。
(8)down.考查介词。句意:微笑可以打破障碍。设空处涉及固定短语"break down",意为"消除,破除(障碍或偏见)",句中break down barriers意为"打破障碍",符合句意。故填down。
(9)smiling.考查动名词。句意:专家建议对着镜子微笑会让自己感觉更幸福。分析句子结构可知,空格所在句为that引导的宾语从句,that省略。设空处作从句主语,smile意为"微笑",动词词性,故用它的动名词形式smiling在从句中作主语。故填smiling。
(10)makes.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:专家建议对着镜子微笑会让自己感觉更幸福。分析句子结构可知,空格所在句为that引导的宾语从句,that省略。空格所在句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,make意为"使变得,使成为",动词词性,在句中作谓语动词,从句主语为smiling at yourself,为动名词作主语,故make用第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时,要在理解文章的基础上,灵活运用语法知识,如词性,时态,名词单复数,连接词,代词,冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。
5.As we all know,we can learn a lot about others' feelings and thoughts by watching(1) their (they)body language.In fact,body language(2) varies (vary) from culture to culture,so the crucial thing(3) is (be) using body language in a way(4) that/which is appropriate to the culture you are in.In different(5) cultures (culture),the gesture for "OK" has(6) different (differ) meanings.For example,in Japan,this gesture means money.Even the gestures we use(7) for "yes" and "no" differ around the world.Besides,there are some gestures with(8) the same meaning everywhere.For example,(9) moving (move) hand in circles over the stomach after a meal means "I am full".Some body language has many different uses and perhaps (10) the best (good) example is smiling.
【答案】(1)their(2)varies(3)is(4)that/which(5)cultures(6)different(7)for(8)the(9)moving(10)the best
【分析】本文讲述人们可以通过观察别人的肢体语言来了解他们的感受和想法。但事实上,身体语言因文化而异。
【解答】(1)their.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:众所周知,我们可以通过观察别人的肢体语言来了解他们的感受和想法。放在名词前面,所以用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
(2)varies.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:事实上,身体语言因文化而异,所以关键是要以适合你所在文化的方式使用身体语言。描述事实,所以用一般现在时态,主语为单数名词,故填varies。
(3)is.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:事实上,身体语言因文化而异,所以关键是要以适合你所在文化的方式使用身体语言。描述事实,所以用一般现在时态,主语为单数名词,故填is。
(4)that/which.考查定语从句。句意:事实上,身体语言因文化而异,所以关键是要以适合你所在文化的方式使用身体语言。先行词为way,在定语从句中作主语,故填that/which。
(5)cultures.考查复数名词。句意:事实上,身体语言因文化而异,所以关键是要以适合你所在文化的方式使用身体语言。前面有different,所以用复数名词,故填cultures。
(6)different.考查形容词。句意:在不同的文化中,"OK"的手势有不同的含义。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填different。
(7)for.考查介词。句意:甚至我们在世界各地表示"是"和"不是"的手势也不同。use sth.for把某物用于,故填for。
(8)the.考查冠词。句意:此外,到处都有一些意思相同的手势。形容词same前面加定冠词,故填the。
(9)moving.考查动名词。句意:例如,饭后用手在胃上绕圈表示"我饱了"。作主语,所以用动名词,故填moving。
(10)the best.考查形容词最高级。句意:有些肢体语言有很多不同的用途,也许最好的例子是微笑。表示"最好的",所以用形容词最高级,前面加定冠词,故填the best。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
6.The world is getting used to being told that Nordic(斯堪的纳维亚的)countries are among the best places to live.The release(发表)of the 2020 World Happiness Report again shows that(1) impression (impress),with four Nordic countries in the top five happiest nations.
Finland,(2) which headed the table last year,came top again,(3) followed (follow) by Denmark,Norway and Iceland.The Netherlands joined them in the top five.Actually,it's easy to see how wars can bring the pain(4) to people,but what really makes a happy nation?The report's authors insist it's not just about money,even though the top 10 are all (5) wealthy (wealth) countries.
Responses and answers around six factors(6) are used (use) to make the survey,including GDP,social support,generosity and so on.Finland scores well on all factors but(7) particularly (particular) strong on generosity.The authors say that helping others(8) makes (make) you feel better,but only if you choose to do it.Almost half of Finns donate regularly to charities and almost (9) a third said they had spent time(10) volunteering (volunteer) for charities in the past month.
Although Finland doesn't have the highest GDP among the Nordic countries,it tops the happiness list.
【答案】(1)impression (2)which(3)followed(4)to(5)wealthy(6)are used(7)particularly(8)makes(9)a(10)volunteering
【分析】本文为说明文,主要讲述芬兰是世界上最开心的国家。
【解答】(1)impression .考查名词。句意:《2020年世界幸福报告》的发布再次显示了这一印象,四个北欧国家位列最幸福国家前五名。分析句子可知,此处作动词shows的宾语,且空前有that,故用名词作宾语,故填impression。
(2)which.考查定语从句。句意:去年排名第一的芬兰再次位居榜首,其次是丹麦、挪威和冰岛。分析句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Finland,在从句中作主语,故填which。
(3)followed.考查过去分词。句意:去年排名第一的芬兰再次位居榜首,其次是丹麦、挪威和冰岛。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,Finland与follow之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作状语,故填followed。
(4)to.考查介词。句意:事实上,很容易看出战争是如何给人们带来痛苦的,但真正让一个国家幸福的是什么呢。bring...to...表示"把...带给..."符合句意,故填to。
(5)wealthy.考查形容词。句意:该报告的作者坚持认为,这不仅仅是钱的问题,尽管前十名都是富裕国家。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词countries,故用形容词修饰名词,故填wealthy。
(6)are used.考查动词时态及语态。句意:围绕六个因素的回答用于调查,包括GDP、社会支持、慷慨等。结合句意可知,此处在讲述现在情况,故用一般现在时,主语Responses and answers与use之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,且主语为复数形式,故填are used。
(7)particularly.考查副词。句意:芬兰在所有因素上得分都很高,但在慷慨方面表现尤为突出。结合句意可知,此处用副词作状语修饰句子,故填particularly。
(8)makes.考查主谓一致。句意:作者说,帮助别人会让你感觉更好,但前提是你选择这样做。结合句意和say可知,句子用一般现在时,主语为helping others,谓语动词用三单形式,故答案为makes。
(9)a.考查冠词。句意:近一半的芬兰人定期向慈善机构捐款,近三分之一的芬兰人表示,他们在过去一个月里一直在为慈善机构做志愿者。结合句意可知,此处表示"三分之一",故用a third,故填a。
(10)volunteering.考查动名词。句意:近一半的芬兰人定期向慈善机构捐款,近三分之一的芬兰人表示,他们在过去一个月里一直在为慈善机构做志愿者。spend time doing表示"花费时间做某事"符合句意,故填volunteering。
【点评】本题主要考查名词、定语从句、过去分词、介词、形容词等,需要学生在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识,填写出正确的单词形式。
7.As more companies start selling tickets to travel into space,people are asking:Who gets to call themselves an astronaut?
It is no longer an easy question to answer.People (1) who/that are very rich are able to pay to go into space.Russian space officials have been calling them spaceflight(2) participants (participate) for many years.
The new supervisor of the U.S.space agency NASA is Bill Nelson.He does not consider(3) himself (him) an astronaut although he(4) spent (spend) six days in space in 1986.He was a congressman then.He told The Associated Press that he believes the term "astronaut" should be(5) for professionals.
Axiom Space's Michael Lopez﹣Alegria is(6) a former NASA astronaut.He will join three businessmen on a SpaceX spacecraft on a trip to the space station(7) planned (plan) for January.They each paid $55 million for the trip.Lopez﹣Alegria said they do not consider themselves space (8) tourists (tour) since they will be doing research.
Recently,Axiom Space said there(9) will be (be)a second flight to the space station next year.Peggy Whitson will be on that flight.She is a(10) retired (retire) NASA astronaut who has spent 665 days in space.
【答案】(1)who/that(2)participants(3)himself(4)spent(5)for(6)a(7)planned(8)tourists(9)will be(10)retired
【分析】本文讲述随着越来越多的公司开始出售太空旅行的门票,那么这些游客是宇航员呢还是太空飞行参与者?本文举例介绍了几个太空游客。
【解答】(1)who/that.考查定语从句。句意:非常富有的人能够支付进入太空的费用。先行词为人,在定语从句中作主语,故填who/that。
(2)participants.考查复数名词。句意:多年来,俄罗斯太空官员一直称他们为太空飞行参与者。表示"参加者",所以用participant,表示不止一个,所以用复数名词,故填participants。
(3)himself.考查反身代词。句意:虽然他在1986年在太空中度过了6天,但他并不认为自己是一名宇航员。指主语本身,所以用反身代词,故填himself。
(4)spent.考查时态。句意:虽然他在1986年在太空中度过了6天,但他并不认为自己是一名宇航员。根据时间状语in 1986,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,故填spent。
(5)for.考查介词。句意:他告诉美联社,他认为"宇航员"这个词应该是专业人士使用的。表示"对于",后跟名词,所以用介词for,故填for。
(6)a.考查冠词。句意:Axiom太空公司的迈克尔 洛佩兹 阿莱格里亚是前美国宇航局宇航员。泛指一个,所以用不定冠词,故填a。
(7)planned.考查过去分词。句意:他将于明年1月与三名商人一起乘坐SpaceX宇宙飞船前往空间站。plan和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填planned。
(8)tourists.考查复数名词。句意:洛佩兹 阿莱格里亚说,他们不认为自己是太空游客,因为他们将进行研究。表示"游客",所以用tourist,指they,所以用复数名词,故填tourists。
(9)will be.考查时态。句意:最近,Axiom Space表示,明年将有第二次飞往空间站的飞行。根据时间状语next year,可知描述将来的事情,所以用一般将来时态,故填will be。
(10)retired.考查形容词。句意:她是一名退休的美国宇航局宇航员,在太空中度过了665天。作定语,表示"已退休的",所以用形容词,故填retired。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
8.Yuan Longping,who (1) is known (know) as the "father of hybrid rice",considers himself a farmer.When he was young, (2) what concerned him most was farmers' (3) shortage (short) of food to eat,so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953,he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to(4) creating (create) a kind of hybrid rice,which could attain a (5) higher (high) yield.In 1974,he succeeded in making it (6) a reality.Today,60% of domestic consumption in China is comprised of crops(7) generated (generate) from his hybrid strains,for which he has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old "farmer",caring little (8) for celebrity or money,is still living a simple life.Despite his (9) advanced (advance) years,he is trying (10) to fulfill (fulfill) his dreams of riding the world of hunger.
【答案】(1)is known(2)shortage(3)shortage(4)creating(5)higher(6)a(7)generated(8)for(9)advanced(10)to fulfill
【分析】本文为记叙文,主要介绍袁隆平对中国农业的贡献。
【解答】(1)is known.考查动词时态及语态。句意:被称为"杂交水稻之父"的袁隆平认为自己是一名农民。结合句意可知,此处在讲述客观事实,句子用一般现在时,主语who指代先行词Yuan Longping,与know之间是被动关系,故填is known。
(2)what.考查主语从句。句意:在他年轻的时候,最让他担心的是农民缺乏食物,所以他选择在大学学习农业。分析句子可知,此处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示"他关心的事情",故填what。
(3)shortage.考查名词。句意:在他年轻的时候,最让他担心的是农民缺乏食物,所以他选择在大学学习农业。分析句子可知,此处作表语,表示"食物的缺乏",故用名词作表语,故填shortage。
(4)creating.考查动名词。句意:1953年毕业后,他从事研究工作,致力于创造一种杂交水稻,这种水稻可以获得更高的产量。devote oneself to表示"致力于做某事",to为介词,后跟动名词作宾语,故填creating。
(5)higher.考查比较级。句意:1953年毕业后,他从事研究工作,致力于创造一种杂交水稻,这种水稻可以获得更高的产量。结合句意可知,此处表示"更高的",故用比较级,故填higher。
(6)a.考查冠词。句意:1974年,他成功地实现了这一目标。结合句意可知,此处表示泛指,故用不定冠词,reality为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
(7)generated.考查过去分词。句意:如今,中国60%的国内消费是由他的杂交品种生产的作物构成的,为此他在国内外获得了无数奖项。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,crops与generate之间是被动关系,故用过去分词形式,故填generated。
(8)for.考查介词。句意:但这位幽默的老"农民"对名人和金钱毫不关心,仍然过着简朴的生活。care for表示"关心"符合句意,故填for。
(9)advanced.考查形容词。句意:尽管年事已高,但他仍在努力实现自己在饥饿世界中驰骋的梦想。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词years,故用形容词修饰名词,故填advanced。
(10)to fulfill.考查动词不定式。句意:尽管年事已高,但他仍在努力实现自己在饥饿世界中驰骋的梦想。try to do表示"努力做某事",故填to fulfill。
【点评】本题为语法填空阅读理解.通读全文,了解大意思,判断每句话含义和结构,确定需要填写的词义和词性,有需要还要变化形式.
9.Singapore has announced new measures(1) designed (design) to quickly increase local food production,including rooftop farming.Officials in the city﹣state recently set a goal to meet 30 percent of Singapore's(2) nutritional (nutrition) needs with locally produced food by 2030.
The plan includes ﹩21 million in government money to support local production of eggs,vegetables and fish "in the(3) shortest (short) possible time."
The plans were announced(4) as/because the worldwide spread of COVID﹣19 has caused shortages of many products,(5) including (include)food in some areas.Restrictions on population movements around the world have weakened supply chains and raised concerns(6) about worsening shortages and price increases.
(7) Currently (current),densely populated Singapore produces only about 10 percent of its own food needs.Singapore's Food Agency says its goal is to raise local food production levels to make up for climate change and population growth(8) that/which could threaten worldwide food supplies.
"The current COVID﹣19 situation underscores the importance of local food production,as part of Singapore's strategies to ensure food(9) security (secure)," the Food Agency said in a statement.Singapore officials have repeatedly told citizens that the city﹣state has enough food to get(10) through the COVID﹣19 crisis.But they have decided to speed up the process of increasing local production to begin within the next six months.
【答案】(1)designed(2)nutritional(3)shortest(4)as/because(5)including(6)about(7)Currently(8)that/which(9)security(10)through
【分析】本文为新闻报道,主要讲述了新加坡宣布了旨在快速增加当地粮食产量的新措施。
【解答】(1)designed.考查过去分词。句意:新加坡宣布了旨在快速增加当地粮食产量的新措施,包括屋顶农业。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,new measures与design之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,故填designed。
(2)nutritional.考查形容词。句意:新加坡城邦官员最近设定了一个目标,到2030年,用当地生产的食品满足新加坡30%的营养需求。分析句子可知,此处用形容词作定语修饰名词needs,故填nutritional。
(3)shortest.考查最高级。句意:该计划包括2100万政府资金,用于支持当地"在尽可能短的时间内"生产鸡蛋、蔬菜和鱼类。结合句意可知,此处用最高级,表示"最短的时间",故填shortest。
(4)as/because.考查原因状语从句。句意:该计划宣布,因为全球范围内的COVID﹣19造成了许多产品的短缺,包括一些地区的食品短缺。结合句意可知,此处表示"因为",引导原因状语从句,故填as/because。
(5)including.考查介词。句意:该计划宣布,因为全球范围内的COVID﹣19造成了许多产品的短缺,包括一些地区的食品短缺。including表示"包括",故填including。
(6)about.考查介词。句意:世界各地对人口流动的限制削弱了供应链,引发了人们对短缺加剧和价格上涨的担忧。concerns about表示"对...的担忧"符合句意,故填about。
(7)Currently.考查副词。句意:目前,人口稠密的新加坡生产的粮食仅占其自身需求的10%左右。分析句子可知,此处用副词作状语修饰句子,且置于句首,首字母大写,故填Currently。
(8)that/which.考查定语从句。句意:新加坡食品局表示,其目标是提高当地的粮食生产水平,以弥补气候变化和人口增长可能威胁全球粮食供应的问题。分析句子可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为climate change and population growth,在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
(9)security.考查不可数名词。句意:当前的COVID﹣19局势强调了当地粮食生产的重要性,这是新加坡确保粮食安全的战略的一部分。分析句子可知,此处用不可数名词security作动词ensure的宾语,故填security。
(10)through.考查固定搭配。句意:新加坡官员多次告诉市民,城邦有足够的食物来度过CVID﹣19危机。get through表示"度过"符合句意,故填through。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
10.Islands in the Pacific Ocean have few coronavirus cases. (1) But ,the pandemic has caused problems by interfering with supplies,(2) causing (cause) price increases and a loss of business from foreign visitors.
Many governments have started community projects (3) to help (help) their citizens with food shortages.(4) They are extending fishing seasons,expanding food gathering training and supporting seed programs.These programs are helping residents to become more (5) self﹣reliant (self﹣reliance).
"We(6) initially (initial) started with 5,000 seeds and thought we would finish them(7) in nine months' time.But there was a very big response,and we finished(8) distributing (distribute) the seeds in one week," said Vinesh Kumar,head of operation for Fiji's Agriculture Ministry.
The project provides people(9) with vegetable seeds,small trees and basic farming equipment to help them grow their own home gardens.
A local resident said she has owned a garden(10) where various kinds of vegetables have grown quiet well now.
【答案】(1)But(2)causing(3)to help(4)They(5)self﹣reliant(6)initially(7)in(8)distributing(9)with(10)where
【分析】本文讲述受到新冠疫情的影响,太平洋岛屿上的冠状病毒病例很少,但是,疫情干扰了供应,导致价格上涨和外国游客的业务损失,从而造成了问题,许多政府现在已经采取措施应对。
【解答】(1)But.考查连词。句意:太平洋岛屿上的冠状病毒病例很少。但是,疫情干扰了供应,导致价格上涨和外国游客的业务损失,从而造成了问题。前后是转折关系,所以用but连接,故填But。
(2)causing.考查现在分词。句意:太平洋岛屿上的冠状病毒病例很少。但是,疫情干扰了供应,导致价格上涨和外国游客的业务损失,从而造成了问题。指代前面句子的直接结果,所以用现在分词作结果状语,故填causing。
(3)to help.考查不定式。句意:许多政府已经启动了社区项目来帮助面临食物短缺的公民。不定式作目的状语,故填to help。
(4)They.考查人称代词。句意:他们延长了捕鱼季节,扩大了食物采集培训,并支持种子项目。指代前面的Many governments,所以用they作主语,故填They。
(5)self﹣reliant.考查形容词。句意:这些项目正在帮助居民变得更加自力更生。前面有more,所以用形容词构成形容词比较级作表语,故填self﹣reliant。
(6)initially.考查副词。句意:我们一开始只有5000颗种子,以为9个月就能完成。修饰动词,所以用副词,故填initially。
(7)in.考查介词。句意:我们一开始只有5000颗种子,以为9个月能完成。表示"在一段时间后"和一般将来时态连用,故填in。
(8)distributing.考查动名词。句意:但反响非常热烈,我们在一周内就完成了种子的分发。finish doing sth.完成做某事,故填distributing。
(9)with.考查介词。句意:该项目为人们提供蔬菜种子、小树和基本农业设备,帮助他们种植自己的家庭菜园。provide sb.with sth.提供某人某物,故填with。
(10)where.考查定语从句。句意:一位当地居民说,她拥有一个菜园,各种蔬菜现在都长得很好。先行词为garden,在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时,要在理解文章的基础上,灵活运用语法知识,如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。
11.
China creates "harvest festival" for farmers
China has created a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest,the first festival created by the state(1) specifically (specific)for the country's farmers.
"The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival will fall on the Autumn Equinox(秋分)each year,(2) starting (start)this year," Han Changfu,minister of agriculture and rural affairs,(3) explained (explain)at a press conference Thursday. "The festival will give greater importance(4) to rural work,speed up China's rural vitalization,and push for faster(5) development (develop)of agriculture and rural areas," Han said.
"The festival should celebrate farmers,and they(6) are encouraged (encourage)to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest," Han said.Some activities will be held nationwide,(7) but most of the celebration will take place at a local level.Local governments can host various activities for the festival,such as folk culture(8) performances (perform),food tastings and sightseeing.
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival reflects(9) the high value the government places on agriculture,rural areas and rural people,as well as its determination(10) to see (see)a thriving(繁荣的)agricultural industry,beautiful countryside and well﹣off farmers.
【答案】(1)specifically(2)starting (3)explained(4)to(5)development(6)are encouraged(7)but (8)performances (9)the (10)to see
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍 了我国最近设立的"中国农民丰收节",文中具体介绍了设立该节日的目的、意义、节日的时间、活动的开展方式等细节内容。
【解答】(1)speifically.考查副词。句意:这是国家专门为农民设立的第一个节日。此处作状语,修饰created,所以要用副词。故填specifically。
(2)starting.考查非谓语动词中的现在分词。句意:从今年开始,中国农民的丰收节将每年在秋分节(秋分)上举行。此处表示的是该节日开始实行的时间,start与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填starting。
(3)explained.考查动词的时态。句意:在星期四的新闻发布会上解释。根据时间状语Thursday和下文的Hansaid可知,此处要用一般过去时。故填explained。
(4)to.考查介词。句意:这个节日将更加重要。此处考查的是give importance to...搭配,表示"重视..... ,故填to。
(5)development.考查词形转换。句意:要加快农业和农村的发展。前有形容词faster修饰,后有介词of,故填development。
(6)are encouraged.考查动词的时态和语态。句意:他们被鼓励想出自己的方法来庆祝丰收。此处表示节日中的一般安排,应该用一般现在时,而they(指代farmers)与encourage之间是被动关系,故填are encouraged。
(7)but.考查并列连词。句意:但是大部分的庆祝活动都是在地方一级进行的,地方政府可以为这个节日举办各种活动。从空前的" Some. ..nationwide"和空后的"mostof...locallevel"可以看出前后是转折关系,故填but。
(8)performances.考查名词复数。句意:如民间文化表演、美食品尝、观光等。根据句子结构判断,本空要填名词,而performance在此作"表演"讲,是可数名词,前面没有限定词修饰,所以要用复数。故填performances。
(9)the.考查冠词。句意:中国农民的丰收节反映了政府对农业的高度重视。由于highvalue后面有定语从句修饰,所以此处是特指,故填the。
(10)to see.考查非谓语动词中的不定式。句意:以及它看到一个蓬勃发展的(繁荣的)农业产业的决心,
此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰determination,该词通常接不定式短语作定语。故填to see。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目。
12.A group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology﹣based method to grow crops from moisture in the air.The method,(1) known as aeroponics,does not involve soil.Instead,plant roots hang in the air.The roots take(2) in a nutrient solution from a watery mist.
Aeroponics is not well﹣known in Nigeria,(3) but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular.
The technique could make(4) a big difference in places like the city of Abeokuta.(5) violence (violent) and desertification ﹣﹣ the process by which fertile land becomes desert ﹣﹣ have made huge amounts of land unfarmable.Biochemist Samson Ogbole is(6) popularly (popular)known as Nigeria's smart farmer.He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology﹣based farm they(7) began (begin) three years ago in Abeokuta.
Ogbole say they are on a campaign to end(8) seasonal (season)food scarcity in Nigeria.
"Because we are the ones (9) controlling (control) everything that the plant requires,we are not depending on seasons.So it's no longer seasonal farming.It is just farming anytime of the year,(10) which means you can plant anytime of the year,we can harvest anytime of the year."
【答案】(1)known(2)in(3)but(4)a(5)violence(6)popularly(7)began(8)seasonal(9)controlling(10)which
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了尼日利亚利用只需要少量水又不需要土壤就能耕地的"气雾法(aeroponics)"解决耕地不足和食物短缺的问题。
【解答】(1)known.考查过去分词。句意:这种方法被称为气雾法,不涉及土壤。分析句子结构可知,此处应使用非谓语动词,充当the method的后置定语,二者之间是被动关系,因此需要使用过去分词形式,故填known。
(2)in.考查固定搭配。句意:根部从水雾中吸收营养液。take in意为"吸收",是固定短语,故填in。
(3)but.考查连词。句意:气雾法在尼日利亚并不出名,但那里的农民正在努力使这种技术更受欢迎。分析前后句句意可知,两个分句之间是转折关系,所以需要使用转折连词but,故填but。
(4)a.考查冠词。句意:这项技术可能会在像阿博库塔这样的地方产生很大的影响。make a difference意为"有影响",是固定搭配,故填a。
(5)violence.考查名词。句意:暴力和沙漠化﹣﹣﹣﹣肥沃的土地变成沙漠的过程﹣﹣﹣﹣使大量的土地变得不肥沃。空格处与and后的名词desertification(沙漠化)并列,故应使用名词形式,该词为不可数名词,故填violence。
(6)popularly.考查副词。句意:生物化学家萨姆森 奥格博乐被普遍认为是尼日利亚的聪明农民。分析句子结构可知,空格处在句中修饰动词短语is known as,故应使用副词形式,故填popularly。
(7)began.考查动词时态。句意:他和他的团队三年前在阿贝库塔的科技农场种植无土壤作物。分析句子结构可知,they(7)(begin)three years ago in Abeokuta.是定语从句,begin在从句中是谓语动词,其时态与three years ago保持一致,应使用一般过去时态,故填began。
(8)seasonal.考查形容词。句意:奥格博勒说,他们正在开展一项运动,以结束尼日利亚的季节性食品短缺。空格处修饰名词短语food scarcity(粮食短缺),故应使用形容词,故填seasonal。
(9)controlling.考查现在分词。句意:因为我们控制着植物所需的一切,所以我们不依赖季节。分析句子结构可知,(9)(control) everything that the plant requires是后置定语,修饰限定the ones,the ones与动词control之间是主动关系,应使用现在分词形式,故填controlling。
(10)which.考查定语从句。句意:这只是一年中任何时候的耕作,这意味着你可以在一年中的任何时候种植,我们可以在一年中的任何时候收获。分析句子结构可知,(10)means you can plant anytime of the year是定语从句,修饰前面整个主语,且从句前有逗号,故应使用关系代词which,故填which。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时,要在理解文章的基础上,灵活运用语法知识,如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。
13.(2021秋 荔湾区校级月考)There are(1) various (variety)kinds of theme parks around the world.Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park(2) appealing (appeal) to you.The theme park you're(3) probably (probable) most familiar with is Disneyland,(4) which will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true.Dolly wood,(5) located (locate) in the southeastern USA,is unique because it shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.People come from all over America(6) to see (see) skilled workers make wood,glass,and iron objects in the old﹣fashioned way.And for those who like rides,(7) riding (ride) on the only steam engine still working in the southeastern United States is a special treat.
Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai,China,is one of the leading ocean﹣themed(8) parks (park) in the world,where watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both(9) educational (education) and fun.If it is ocean entertainment (10) that you are looking for,come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom!
【答案】(1)various. (2)appealing . (3)probably.(4)which .(5)located.(6)to see.(7)riding.(8)parks.(9)educational.(10)that.
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了包括迪士尼公园、长隆海洋王国等世界上各种主题不同的主题公园,是游客们游玩、放松的好去处。
【解答】(1)various.考查形容词。句意:世界上有各种各样的主题公园。分析句子结构可知,此处应用短语various kinds of,意为"各种各样的"。故填various。
(2)appealing .考查现在分词。句意:不论你喜欢什么,都会有一个不可思议的主题公园能吸引到你。分析句子结构可知,设空处作后置定语修饰theme park,且theme park与appeal为主谓关系,要用现在分词形式。故填appealing。
(3)probably.考查副词。句意:可能你最熟悉的主题公园就是迪士尼乐园了,它会把你带入一个魔幻世界,实现你童年的梦想。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用副词修饰形容词 familiar的最高级形式。故填probably。
(4)which .考查定语从句。句意:可能你最熟悉的主题公园就是迪士尼乐园了,它会把你带入一个魔幻世界,实现你童年的梦想。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Disneyland,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,要用关系代词which。故填which。
(5)located.考查过去分词。句意:位于美国东南部的Dolly wood十分独特。分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语,修饰 Dolly wood,根据短语be located in...可知,Dolly wood与locate之间是动宾关系,要用过去分词形式。故填located。
(6)to see.考查动词不定式。句意:来自全美国的人都来看技艺精湛的工人用传统手法制作木制、玻璃制和铁制品。分析句子可知,设空处作目的状语,要用不定式。故填to see。
(7)riding.考查动名词。句意:而对于那些喜欢驾驶的人来说,乘美国东南部唯一一台还在运作的蒸汽引擎是一种特殊的享受。分析句子结构可知,设空处应为句子的主语,要用动名词形式。故填riding。
(8)parks.考查名词复数。句意:中国珠海的长隆海洋王国是世界上一流的海洋主题公园,在这里观看海豚和海狮表演充满了教育意义和乐趣。one of+可数名词复数,表示"……之一",设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填parks。
(9)educational.考查形容词。句意:中国珠海的长隆海洋王国是世界上一流的海洋主题公园,在这里观看海豚和海狮表演充满了教育意义和乐趣。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用形容词作表语,且与and后面的fun并列,要用形容词形式。故填educational。
(10)that.考查强调句。句意:如果你要找的是海洋娱乐,就来长隆海洋王国吧!分析句子结构可知,去掉it is和该空,句子结构完整,语义清晰,所以此处为强调句型,要用"it is+被强调部分+that",这里被强调的部分为ocean entertainment。故填that。
【点评】做这类题目时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合给出单词写出正确答案。要很好掌握语法和词汇知识对于做好语法填空题目很有帮助。
14.(2024秋 深圳模拟)When the winter approaches,tanghulu,a traditional Chinese snack can be found on the street corner in northern China.Since the ancient times,it(1) has been (be) very popular with natives,especially children.
Tanghulu is(2) commonly (common) made of haws (山楂),which are rich in vitamin C and are known(3) to have (have) traditional Chinese medicine properties.According to a legend,800 years ago,one of the emperor's(4) wives (wife) was sick and had(5) a poor appetite.
The doctor suggested that she eat 10 haws(6) boiled (boil) with sugar before dinner.She recovered within two weeks.Later,the prescription was passed on(7) to ordinary people.
People put haws on a stick,dipped them in hot sugar syrup (糖浆) and dried.The syrup finally turned into a solid coating,like crystal on the surface of haws.That is(8) why they are also called bingtanghulu.(9) Another origin story says that the very first tanghulu only had two haws:a small one on the top and a big one below,making it resemble a hulu,a bringer of good luck.
With sour haws and sweet sugar,the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors,which often(10) reminds (remind)people of their happy childhoods.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】文章讲述了中国传统小吃糖葫芦的来源.
【解答】(1)has been.考查时态.主语是it,根据since可知使用现在完成时,故填has been.
(2)commonly.考查副词.修饰动词短语be made of使用副词,故填commonly.
(3)to have.考查不定式.be known to do sth:以…著称,被熟知.故填to have.
(4)wives.考查名词.根据one of可知使用名词复数,故填wives.
(5)a.考查冠词.表示泛指,胃口很差,have a poor appetite,故填a.
(6)boiled.考查过去分词.boil与haws是动宾关系,使用过去分词做后置定语,故填boiled.
(7)to.考查介词.pass on to:传承,流传,故填to.
(8)why.考查连词.that is why:那就是为什么,故填why.
(9)Another.考查代词.另一个关于糖葫芦的起源故事,故填Another.
(10)reminds.考查动词.先行词是taste,在定语从句中做主语,根据is可知使用一般现在时,故填reminds.
【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇(短文或对话)中留出10处空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式,所填写词语不得多于3个单词.要做好语法填空题,理解短文是解题的前提,扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础,英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充.考生须灵活运用语法知识,如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容.答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境.
15.(2024秋 合肥二模)Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven,while the other end is square which symbolizes earth.
This is because keeping enough food is(1) greater (great)concern than anything else.It is important to note that chopsticks are used in many different cultures and there is no single standard for the use of chopsticks.Here are some customs(2) associations (associate)with chopsticks in China.Playing with chopsticks(3) is considered (consider)bad manners.And chopsticks should not be placed(4) vertically (vertical)in a bowl of rice or other food.Any stick﹣like object pointing upward(5) resembles (resemble)the incense(香)sticks that people use(6) as offerings to their dead family members.It is also bad manners to tap chopsticks on(7) the edge of one's bowl,because in ancient China beggars often made this noise(8) to attract (attract)attention.
In Chinese, "chopsticks"reads"kuai zi",which means"to have sons soon, "so a newly﹣m