期末培优 阅读表达专项练习（含答案与解析）2025-2026学年高二上学期英语人教版(2019)

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末培优 阅读表达
一．其他阅读题型（共15小题）
1．Body language is a part of non﹣verbal language.It includes things like stance，gestures，（1）　 　 （face） expressions，and even small things that are barely perceptible（可察觉的）like a brief shrug of the shoulder （2）　 　 nod of the head.We frequently communicate both bodily and verbally and nearby a 70% of （3）　 　 we communicate may be non﹣verbal.Non﹣verbal language is an even （4）　 　 （big） category，which includes things like tone of voice.
There are many ways to learn to interpret body language but it must （5）　 　 （understand） that these are frequently specific to a culture.For instance，in the US we wave good﹣ bye （6）　 　 the palm facing the person we're waving to，and the fingers may open and close.In other （7）　 　 （culture），waving goodbye may occur with the hand palm up to the sky，and the fingers opening and closing.To people in the US，this might look like a gesture （8）　 　 （ask） someone to approach rather than a wave goodbye.
Still，since most of us live in one area （9）　 　 body language may be similar among people，it's important to know that you can communicate a lot by how you gesture，what you do with your arms when you're sitting or standing and talking to someone else，and even what your posture may say.A person in much of the US who sits with hands crossed over the chest，and with legs crossed，may be sending an unintended message that they're really not open to talking.Some people are excellent at reading these kinds of messages，and we do have to be （10）　 　 （care） what we may be conveying，especially when we're being judged，particularly in things like dating or job interviews.Answer the following questions after reading the passage above.
（11）If we can't talk，can we convey some information to the other？How？
　 　
（12）When we travel to a foreign country，do the gestures we see really match the meaning that we think？Why？ 　 　
2．Up to now，nobody has been able to create laughter like Charlie Chaplin.He （1）　 　 （brighten） the lives of millions through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt （2）　 　 （depress），so they could forget their difficulties.
Charlie's own life was not easy but his successful life story is（3）　 　 （inspire）.His parents were both poor music hall （4）　 　 （performer）.To make money，Charlie learnt to sing as soon as he could speak，and dance as soon as he could walk.Such （5）　 　 （train） was common in stage families at that time.Every member of the family performed to help make money.Then his father died，and so Charlie spent his youth in （6）　 　 （look） after his sick mother and his brother.By his teens，Charlie had，through his humour，become one of the most popular child actors in England.No one was bored （7）　 　 （watch） him﹣he made everything funny.
变题型：阅读理解
（1）Why did Charlie Chaplin perform at a very young age？ 　 　
A.To make people laugh.
B.To support his family.
C.To inspire poor people.
D.To achieve his dream.
（2）Which of the following best describes Charlie Chaplin's life story in the text？ 　 　
A.Controversial.
B.Pleasant.
C.Encouraging.
D.Convincing.
3．
BETTER，GREENER LIVES AWAY FROM THE CITY
While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city，more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends.For some young people，it is also a matter of making the quality of life for other people in their hometowns better.They also have a desire to improve and maintain the natural and economic environments in these places for generations to come.
Li Dan is a woman who has discovered that returning home to work in the field of agriculture could offer her both a meaningful challenge and a good standard of living.Born in a small village in Southwest China，she decided not to follow many of her former classmates to the city after getting her degree at university.Instead，she returned to her village and started her own fruit﹣growing business.Working hard over the last several years，and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet，she has expanded her business to include agritourism.Moreover，her company's annual income has reached six million yuan and more than 50 new jobs have been created.As a result，her decision has also helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.
With China's population expected to continue rising in the coming years，the government understands the importance of agriculture.It also understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.To help these young people with their bright and innovative ideas，the government is providing financial help.Business development loans are becoming easier for these young people to obtain，too.Government policies that aim to eliminate poverty are also having a beneficial effect.
"Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，" said Zhang Tao，from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province，adding that the air was bad，transport was terrible，and it was hard to make a decent living.What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network.More importantly，this network is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.Thus，it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country，where they can fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white﹣collar professionals in big cities.
（1）What do some young people hope to achieve by living in their hometowns？ 　 　
（2）How has Li Dan's decision to work in her hometown contributed to her community？ 　 　
（3）Why does the government support people who want to stay and work in their hometowns？ 　 　
（4）Based on the context，what do you think the sentence "Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be" means？ 　 　
（5）What is meant by "a strong support network"？ 　 　
4．Underline all the subject clauses in the following paragraph.
Yuan Longping worked as a teacher after graduating from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953 and since then what he has devoted himself to has been agricultural education and research.As is known to all，why he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice" was that he first developed hybrid rice in the world.
In the 1960s，Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice output.He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice.Yet whether he could put the idea into practice remained a problem for a long time.In 1964，that he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others greatly encouraged him.Thus，he began to study the elements of this particular type.
In 1973，in cooperation with others，he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages.It was amazing that it yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones.Hybrid rice is known as the "fifth invention in the world".For this achievement，he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice".
In 1974，what they successfully developed was a set of technologies for producing indicarice（籼稻），putting China in the lead worldwide in rice production.Thus they made a breakthrough in seeding.
In 1979，their technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States，the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of new China.
In 1999 a record yield of 17，055 kilograms per hectare was registered in Yongsheng County in Yunnan Province.
Due to Yuan's hard work，China's total rice output rose from 5.69 billion tons in 1950 to 19.47 billion tons in 2015.It is estimated that about 300 billion kilograms more have been produced over the last twenty years.The annual yield is enough to feed 60 million people.
As of now，Yuan's rice hybrids in total account for about two thirds of China's rice crop，according to China News.What is more inspiring is that rice from China has been successfully planted overseas.
5．It is quite common for people （1）　 　 （use） chemical pesticides and fertilizers in farming，which causes serious pollution.While many people focus on pesticides，（2）　 　 worries me most is the use of chemical fertilisers.These （3）　 　 （chemical） easily get into our water supply，and can also have a negative impact on fish and other animals.（4）　 　 is worse，eventually they will reach the ocean，where they cause trouble with the marine environment.There are many areas near the coast （5）　 　 fish can no longer live because of changes in the ocean water.Different kinds of bacteria grow in such abundance that （6）　 　 is no longer safe or even possible to enjoy swimming in the ocean or （7）　 　 （go） to the beach.（8）　 　 farmers hurry to increase their crops is probably the reason for overuse of chemical products.I think maybe government can subsidize（补贴）for farmers and do some research on （9）　 　 （nature） ways to increase crop production.（10）　 　 this is a difficult problem to solve，we can see our way through if we work together.
变题型：阅读理解
（1）What does the underlined word "abundance" mean in the text？ 　 　
A.Richness.
B.Process.
C.Tendency.
（2）What is the possible consequence of using chemical fertilisers from the text？ 　 　
A.Farmers can earn much more money.
B.Different kinds of bacteria will be killed in abundance.
C.Agricultural and marine environment will be polluted.
D.Government can do more researches on crop production.
（3）Where is this text probably taken from？ 　 　
A.A biography.
B.A book review.
C.A science report.
D.A literature article.
6．
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century.When they were first introduced，many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production.Over time，however，what some scientists have found is that their long﹣term use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.
For example，pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects，but also helpful ones.In addition，these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for along time.This affects the crops grown on the land and，in turn，the animals and humans who digest them.Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer.In fact，some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited inmost countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.As for chemical fertilisers，crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.They may look beautiful on the outside，but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals，and they often have less flavour as well.
As an alternative，some farmers have switched to organic farming，and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.For example，many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser.This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals.It also keeps the air，soil，water，and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil.They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year.For instance，they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year，and then grow beans there the next.Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops.Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich.For example，peanuts grow on the ground's surface，but many other vegetables put down deep roots.The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man﹣made chemicals in agriculture entirely.What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need.Therefore，there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
Read the text，and then answer the questions .
（1）Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming？ 　 　
（2）What concerns many people about the use of pesticides？ 　 　
（3）What is one problem with the use of chemical fertilisers？ 　 　
（4）How is organic farming different from chemical farming？ 　 　
（5）Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in a field every year？ 　 　
（6）What is the goal of using organic farming methods？Do you think it can be reached？Why or why not？ 　 　
7．
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，known as the "father of hybrid rice"，was one of China's most famous scientists.Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.To tackle this crisis，he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is across between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self﹣pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through Intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.However，this is far from the case.Deep down，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil，he cared little for celebrity or money.Instead，he made large donations to support agricultural research.
What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.His later vision for "seawater rice" also became a reality，and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next.
Read the text again and answer the questions.
（1）Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer？ 　 　
（2）Why did Yuan decide to study agriculture？ 　 　
（3）What is the main advantage of hybrid crops？ 　 　
（4）How has Yuan's work helped China and other countries？ 　 　
（5）What was Yuan's later vision？ 　 　
8．
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，known as the "father of hybrid rice"，was one of China's most famous scientists.Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.To tackle this crisis，he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead，farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is across between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self﹣pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through Intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.However，this is far from the case.Deep down，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil，he cared little for celebrity or money.Instead，he made large donations to support agricultural research.
What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.His later vision for "seawater rice" also became a reality，and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next.
Replace the underlined words with the correct forms of the words from the text.
（1）To deal with this crisis，he chose to study agriculture. 　 　
（2）He is a very good actor and he commits himself to every role that he takes on. 　 　
（3）Yuan Longping strongly believed that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 　 　
（4）Yuan Longping，through intense effort， solved enormous difficulties and developed the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming. 　 　
（5）This hybrid enabled farmers to increase their output greatly. 　 　
（6）Students are encouraged to try a variety of free﹣time activities to reduce the intense stress from studying. 　 　
9． （1）补全文中小标题 ①　 　
I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.Even though the sun is brightly shining，telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.I'm above the Arctic Circle，where in summer the sun never sets.Checking my watch，I see that it is 7：30 a.m.I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.Spreading out before me，branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.I'm in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park，a place with no roads or towns.
②　 　
Sarek's mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice.Around 9，000 years ago，this ice melted，leaving behind about 100 glaciers.Soon after，reindeer began to arrive.Following the reindeer were the Sami people，who made this territory their home.Getting here is quite difficult，so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.In 1909，Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state.Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park，no one else can live here，and all new development is banned within park boundaries.At the far side of the valley，an ancient Sami cottage is visible.Close by，there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.
③　 　
For hundreds of years，looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.They used the reindeer's meat for food，their bones for tools，and their skin for making clothes and tents.Since reindeer were always on the move，the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.Today，most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours.But every spring，a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek，living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions.I am not a Sami，but in Sarek I've adopted some of their habits.For example，this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire，dried reindeer meat，and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.
④　 　
After breakfast，I pack my bag and set out again.Since I must carry all of my food and supplies with me，my bag weighs about 30 kilograms.If today is anything like yesterday，it will be full of sweat and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley.However，I cannot complain.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.Here I am，alone under this broad sky，breathing the fresh air，and enjoying this great adventure.What could be better？
（2）Read the text again and answer these questions.
①How many hours a day does the sun shine in summer in Sarek？ 　 　
②What steps has the Swedish government taken to keep Sarek in its natural state？ 　 　
③How has life changed for the Sami？Why might so few Sam i want to live in Sarek？ 　 　
④Why does the writer think the sweat and hard work is worth it？ 　 　
⑤Would you like to visit Sarek？Why or why not？ 　 　
（3）Are these senses used to describe Sarek in the text？If so，explain how.
①Sight 　 　
②Touch 　 　
③Smell 　 　
④Taste 　 　
⑤Sound 　 　
（4）Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words from the text.
In the remote far north of Sweden，in Sarek National Park above the Arctic Circle，I wake up to the sound of the wind ①b 　 　 the cloth of my tent.Standing at the②e 　 　 of the mountain，watching the Rapa River③f 　 　 through the valley below，I feel so④b 　 　 to be alive and have this rare opportunity to explore this unique ⑤t 　 　 ，which is almost unknown to the outside world.
Once covered by ⑥v 　 　 sheets of ice，Sarek's mountains are home to the Sami，the native residents of the park.The Sam i lived off reindeer，moved with them，and⑦a 　 　 them for hundreds of years.Today，most Sami have left their ancient ⑧c 　 　 in the mountain valleys and live a modern life in villages near Sarek instead.
To keep its natural state，except for the Sami，no one is allowed to live in Sarek，and all new development is⑨b 　 　 within the park⑩b 　 　 .It is hoped that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is，natural and beautiful.
10．
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY？
This morning，I saw the shocking headline："Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode".In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous.Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.Nevertheless，the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.Probably the most well﹣known are the Amish，a group of Christians living in rural America.They do not own or drive cars，watch TV，or use the Internet.They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century，and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future.They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous.It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.
On the other hand，new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years.For example，the latest weather﹣tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally，I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network.My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.Of course，when new technology changes the way we live，it can be a scary prospect.Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
Read the text and then decide whether the statements on page 21 are true （T） or false （F）.
（1）A person died in an accident while driving a car. 　 　
（2）The Amish avoid new technology because they do not want to have good lives. 　 　
（3）Many disasters have been prevented by weather﹣tracking computer programmes. 　 　
（4）Building large networks through social media helps us find new opportunities. 　 　
（5）The author uses a health monitor to know how much exercise he/she needs. 　 　
Answer the following questions about the text.
（6）In which paragraphs does the author：
①describe the issue？ 　 　
②give an opinion？ 　 　
③discuss the advantages？ 　 　
④discuss the disadvantages？ 　 　
（7）Underline the signpost words or phrases in the text .How do they help tell us the purpose of the paragraphs？ 　 　
（8）Why did the author decide to write about this topic？ 　 　
11． The Future Library is a project （1）　 　 （start） by the artist Katie Paterson.It （2）　 　 （begin） with the cutting down of trees in a forest north of Oslo，Norway，in 2014.The Future Library Trust used wood from these trees （3）　 　 （build）a special room﹣the Silent Room—﹣in the Oslo Public Library.In place of the trees （4）　 　 had been cleared，1，000 new trees were planted.Every year from 2014 until 2114，a different popular author will be writing one （5）　 　 （origin） story.The stories will be locked in glass boxes until 2114.In 2114，the organisers （6）　 　 （cut） down the 1，000 trees that were planted back in 2014.They will then use the wood （7）　 　 publishing the 100 books in the Silent Room.So，in 2114，people （8）　 　 （read） books that were made from trees that are growing right now.
（1）What can we know about the Future Library？ 　 　
A.It records the growth of trees in Norway.
B.It aims at protecting trees around the world.
C.It collects stories from different famous authors.
D.It builds a special room to remind people of being quiet.
（2）What is the author's purpose of writing this paragraph？ 　 　
A.To describe the special Silent Room.
B.To call on people to read more books.
C.To introduce the Future Library project.
D.To praise Katie Paterson's achievement.
12．Directions：Read the following passage and answer the questions.
Achievements in Life Are Various
The definition of achievement in life continues to be a controversial topic.Many people are convinced that the only real achievement in life is being famous because the Internet has never stopped feeding us the idea that you can be the star tomorrow.Granted，being famous is a kind of success，but achievements in life are various.
Firstly，every individual is entitled to the right of defining his or her own achievement in life.During our school years，we are always told that the purpose of education is to develop students' different potentials and make them all﹣round persons.The fulfilment of this kind of education means that one can spot his or her strengths and weaknesses，thus finding out what he or she is really into and maybe turn it into a lifelong target.Therefore，reaching that target can no doubt be considered as an achievement in life.And since everyone has different targets，it's understandable that achievements in life are various.
Moreover，if being famous is regarded as the only real achievement in life，losing seems to be the popular choice because ordinary people are no less happier than famous ones and it is much easier to be a"loser".For example，hard﹣working teachers are always satisfied with their students' advancement while seeking fame is never on the top of their lists.Still，they are not losers.In fact，it is not uncommon for ordinary people to gain a sense of achievement without being famous for there are all kinds of different achievements.
Admittedly，being famous can be an achievement in life.Otherwise，the new occupation of online celebrity would never have arisen.As the Internet has become a virtual web that connects almost every human，showing talents to strangers and becoming famous overnight are no longer fantasies.As a result，those who believe having huge fans is their achievement in life finally secure their path to success.Nonetheless，as I mentioned，paths to success are diverse.
Overall，I believe every individual can have a unique definition of achievement in life，be it becoming famous or working hard.Achievements in life are various and there is no excuse not to follow your path.
（1）What's the author's opinion about achievements？
　 　
（2）What is the argument given by the author in Paragraph 2？
　 　
（3）What example does the author give in Paragraph 3？
　 　
13． I'd like to talk to you about my hero，（1）　 　 name is Jane Goodall.Jane is famous for her observations of wild chimpanzees in their natural habitat.As a child，she always dreamt of studying animals.（2）　 　 she became an adult，she finally got the chance.
Goodall spent many years in a Tanzanian national park，（3）　 　 many chimpanzees lived.At first，the chimps mistrusted her and kept their distance，but eventually they saw her as harmless.Goodall did not follow （4）　 　 （tradition） scientific research methods.She did not number the chimps，but rather gave （5）　 　 （they） names so she could see them as individuals.Goodall's work changed the way people thought about chimps.She was able to discover （6）　 　 they communicate，and gave us invaluable information on their social structure and culture.She discovered that they also ate meat，rather than just nuts and berries，and also that they were capable（7）　 　 making their own tools.
For more than 50 years，Jane （8）　 　 （fight） to protect animals，including setting up the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977.And in 1991，she set up the Roots 8 Shoots programme，（9）　 　 teaches young people around the world how to protect the environment.Following her countless years of hard work，in 2002，Goodall became a UN Messenger of Peace，（10）　 　 serves as an inspiration to me.She inspires me through her love for the environment and her desire to educate young people.
（1）What can we learn from paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.The chimps were afraid of Goodall.
B.Chimps' diets include meat and vegetables.
C.The way chimps exchange information was found.
D.Chimps were hardly skilled in making their own tools.
（2）Which of the following can best describe Jane Goodall？ 　 　
A.Adaptable and talented.
B.Creative and persistent.
C.Hard﹣working and humorous.
D.Determined and generous.
（3）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A.A well﹣known woman biologist.
B.A famous park in Tanzania.
C.An environmental programme.
D.New discoveries about chimpanzees.
14．What do you know about Albert Einstein？Read the text and complete the timeline.Then introduce Einstein's life story and achievements in your own words.
The Man Who Changed our Understanding of the Universe
Albert Einstein，who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well﹣known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.Einstein was not only a genius；he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.
This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.When he was 16，he tried to enter university in Switzerland，but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam，despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.After studying for another year，he managed to pass the exam，entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.
After two years of looking for work as a teacher，Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office.While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.That same year，which was later recorded as a miracle year in science，he published four extraordinary physics papers.Following this，he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.After four years，he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full﹣time at a university.In 1922，he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
Circumstances changed in 1933，when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.As a consequence，he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe，he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton，USA.Following that，he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.
To the public，he was seen as a slightly odd﹣looking but kind and funny man.He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.Although he was a genius，he sometimes forgot things，like his friends' birthdays.But despite his peculiarities，he was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.In fact，Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.After many such occasions，he finally started saying，"Pardon me!Sorry!Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!"
On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
（1）Born in Germany
1879 　 　 →1896 　 　 →1900 　 　 →1905 　 　 →1922 　 　 →1933 　 　 →1955 　 　
Study the organisation and language features.
（2）What type of writing is this text？How does the writer develop the text？ 　 　
（3）Find the descriptions that tell us what Einstein looked like and what kind of person he was. 　 　
（4）What rhetorical devices are used in the passage？Give examples. 　 　
15．（2023秋 东城区校级期中） Before ending up on a supermarket shelf，an avocado （牛油果） has produced 1.3 kilograms of carbon into the atmosphere.Its production alone consumes 60 gallons of water.Despite this，the fruit will often be thrown away as household waste.
Household food waste is the result of mismanagement.Much of the waste is avoidable and the food may have been eaten had it been better managed.To reduce household food waste，a growing number of food retailers determine to remove date labelling，such as the "use﹣by" or "best﹣before" date，from some fresh food items.
Past studies have confirmed the importance of date labelling.Almost 60% of Western European consumers surveyed said they "always" check date labels while purchasing.But date labelling has long come under criticism because failure to truly understand date labelling often leads to unreasonable decision making.Indeed，consumers commonly don't accept edible （可食用的），but date﹣expired （过期的） food.
The removal of date labelling is therefore a promising start.Without date labels，information that may affect consumers' understanding of what is edible is removed.Instead，consumers are encouraged to sense﹣check fresh food items.
In the case of an avocado，the advice given to consumers is that when ripe，it should have a "pleasant and slightly sweet aroma （气味）"，while the skin should be "dark green or brown".Information is also provided on how an avocado should look，taste，and feel when "overripe".It is hoped that a better informed consumer will be less likely to blindly throw away food due to an expiration date.
（1）What do food retailers decide to do to reduce household food waste？ 　 　
（2）Why has date labelling been criticized？ 　 　
（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
If consumers can be informed of the food's nutritional value，they will be less likely to blindly throw away food due to date labels. 　 　
（4）Do you support the removal of date labelling？Why or why not？ （In about 40 words） 　 　
期末培优 阅读表达
参考答案与试题解析
一．其他阅读题型（共15小题）
1．Body language is a part of non﹣verbal language.It includes things like stance，gestures，（1）　facial　 （face） expressions，and even small things that are barely perceptible（可察觉的）like a brief shrug of the shoulder （2）　or　 nod of the head.We frequently communicate both bodily and verbally and nearby a 70% of （3）　what　 we communicate may be non﹣verbal.Non﹣verbal language is an even （4）　bigger　 （big） category，which includes things like tone of voice.
There are many ways to learn to interpret body language but it must （5）　be understood　 （understand） that these are frequently specific to a culture.For instance，in the US we wave good﹣ bye （6）　with　 the palm facing the person we're waving to，and the fingers may open and close.In other （7）　cultures　 （culture），waving goodbye may occur with the hand palm up to the sky，and the fingers opening and closing.To people in the US，this might look like a gesture （8）　asking　 （ask） someone to approach rather than a wave goodbye.
Still，since most of us live in one area （9）　where　 body language may be similar among people，it's important to know that you can communicate a lot by how you gesture，what you do with your arms when you're sitting or standing and talking to someone else，and even what your posture may say.A person in much of the US who sits with hands crossed over the chest，and with legs crossed，may be sending an unintended message that they're really not open to talking.Some people are excellent at reading these kinds of messages，and we do have to be （10）　careful　 （care） what we may be conveying，especially when we're being judged，particularly in things like dating or job interviews.Answer the following questions after reading the passage above.
（11）If we can't talk，can we convey some information to the other？How？
　Yes，we can.We can talk with our body language.　
（12）When we travel to a foreign country，do the gestures we see really match the meaning that we think？Why？ 　No.Gestures are different from culture to culture，so when we are in a foreign country，we'd better be careful.　
【答案】（1）facial （2）or （3）what （4）bigger（5）be understood （6）with（7）cultures（8）asking（9）where（10）careful （11）Yes，we can.We can talk" with our body language.（12）No.Gestures are different from culture to culture，so when we are in a foreign country，we'd better be careful.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了肢体语言的内容，文化属性及其重要性。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：它包括站、手势、面部表情，甚至像短暂的耸耸肩或点头这样的几乎觉察不到的小事情。此处用形容词facial修饰名词 expressions，故填facial。
（2）考查连词。句意：它包括站、手势、面部表情，甚至像短暂的耸耸肩或点头这样的几乎觉察不到的小事情。根据上文a brief shrug of the shoulder和下文nod of the head可知，这里表示两个选择的可能性，故填or。
（3）考查宾语从句。句意：我们经常用身体和语言进行交流，我们交流的70%可能是非语言的。介词of后面是宾语从句，故空处是宾语从句的引导词；表示"我们交流的内容"，且在从句中作宾语，故填what。
（4）考查形容词比较级。句意：非言语语言甚至是一个更大的范畴，它包括语调这样的东西。even修饰形容词、副词的比较级，以加强比较的语气和程度，故填bigger。
（5）考查被动语态。句意：学习如何理解肢体语言有很多种方法，但必须明白，这些方法往往是特定于一种文化的。it作主语，指代上文中的body language，故用被动语态；must是情态动词，其被动语态是must be done，故填be understood。
（6）考查介词。句意：例如，在美国，我们挥手告别，手掌面向向我们挥手的人，手指可能会张开或闭合。分析句子结构可知，这里是with的复合结构：with+宾语（the palm ）+宾补（facing the person we're waving to），故填with。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：在另一种文化中，挥手告别可能发生在手掌向上，手指张开和闭合。culture是可数名词，这里指其他的文化，应该用复数形式，故填cultures。
（8）考查动名词。句意：对美国人来说，这可能看起来像是一个让某人靠近的手势，而不是挥手告别。like是介词，意为"像"，后接动名词形式，故填asking。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：尽管如此，由于我们大多数人生活在一个区域，人与人之间的肢体语言可能是相似的，所以重要的是要知道，你可以通过你的手势、你坐着或站着和别人说话时用手臂做什么，甚至你的姿势可能会说什么来进行交流。分析句子结构可知，（9）body language may be similar among people是定语从句，修饰先行词one area，故空处应该是定语从句的引导词，指代地点，且在从句中作状语，故填where。
（10）考查形容词。句意：有些人非常善于阅读这些信息，我们确实必须注意我们可能传达的信息，尤其是当我们受到评判时，尤其是在约会或求职面试时。空前是系动词be，故空处用形容词作表语，故填careful。
（11）推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话Body language is a part of non﹣verbal language（肢体语言是非语言的一部分）和第三段的第一句Still，since most of us live in one area （9）body language may be similar among people，it's important to know that you can communicate a lot by how you gesture，what you do with your arms when you're sitting or standing and talking to someone else，and even what your posture may say（尽管如此，由于我们大多数人生活在一个区域，人与人之间的肢体语言可能是相似的，所以重要的是要知道，你可以通过你的手势、你坐着或站着和别人说话时用手臂做什么，甚至你的姿势可能会说什么来进行交流。）可知，如果我们不能说话，我们可以用肢体语言进行交流。故填Yes，we can.We can talk with our body language。
（12）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话There are many ways to learn to interpret body language but it must （5）（understand） that these are frequently specific to a culture.（学习如何理解肢体语言有很多种方法，但必须明白，这些方法往往是特定于一种文化的。）可知，身体语言因文化而异，故填No.Gestures are different from culture to culture，so when we are in a foreign country，we'd better be careful。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
2．Up to now，nobody has been able to create laughter like Charlie Chaplin.He （1）　brightened　 （brighten） the lives of millions through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt （2）　depressed　 （depress），so they could forget their difficulties.
Charlie's own life was not easy but his successful life story is（3）　inspiring　 （inspire）.His parents were both poor music hall （4）　performers　 （performer）.To make money，Charlie learnt to sing as soon as he could speak，and dance as soon as he could walk.Such （5）　training　 （train） was common in stage families at that time.Every member of the family performed to help make money.Then his father died，and so Charlie spent his youth in （6）　looking　 （look） after his sick mother and his brother.By his teens，Charlie had，through his humour，become one of the most popular child actors in England.No one was bored （7）　watching　 （watch） him﹣he made everything funny.
变题型：阅读理解
（1）Why did Charlie Chaplin perform at a very young age？ 　B　
A.To make people laugh.
B.To support his family.
C.To inspire poor people.
D.To achieve his dream.
（2）Which of the following best describes Charlie Chaplin's life story in the text？ 　C　
A.Controversial.
B.Pleasant.
C.Encouraging.
D.Convincing.
【答案】（1）brightened（2）depressed（3）inspiring（4）performers（5）training（6）looking（7）watching
（1）B（2）C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了查理卓别林的生平及其对人们生活的影响。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：在两次世界大战和其间的艰难岁月中，他照亮了数百万人的生活。根据through two world wars可知是一般过去时。故填brightened。
（2）考查形容词。句意：他让人们在沮丧的时候开怀大笑，这样他们就可以忘记自己的困难。此处作felt的表语，所以用形容词。depressed沮丧的。故填depressed。
（3）考查形容词。句意：查理自己的生活并不容易，但他成功的人生故事鼓舞人心。此处作is的表语，修饰his successful life story，所以用inspiring"令人鼓舞的"。故填inspiring。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：他的父母都是拙劣的音乐厅表演者。根据both可知此处用名词复数。故填performers。
（5）考查动名词。句意：这种训练在当时的舞台家庭中很常见。此处was的主语，所以用动名词。故填training。
（6）考查动名词。句意：后来他的父亲去世了，所以查理把他的青春都花在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟上。此处作介词in的宾语，所以用动名词。故填looking。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：看他表演没人觉得无聊——他把一切都变得很有趣。此处用现在分词做伴随状语。故填watching。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段To make money，Charlie learnt to sing as soon as he could speak，and dance as soon as he could walk.（为了赚钱，查理刚会说话就开始学唱歌，刚会走路就开始学跳舞。）可知查理 卓别林很小的时候就开始表演是为了为了养家糊口。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第一段Up to now，nobody has been able to create laughter like Charlie Chaplin.He （1）（brighten） the lives of millions through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt （2）（depress），so they could forget their difficulties.（到目前为止，还没有人能像查理 卓别林那样制造笑声。在两次世界大战和其间的艰难岁月中，他使千百万人的生活变得光明。他在人们感到沮丧的时候逗他们笑，这样他们就能忘记他们的困难。）可知查理 卓别林的生平故事是令人鼓舞的。故选C。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
3．
BETTER，GREENER LIVES AWAY FROM THE CITY
While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city，more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends.For some young people，it is also a matter of making the quality of life for other people in their hometowns better.They also have a desire to improve and maintain the natural and economic environments in these places for generations to come.
Li Dan is a woman who has discovered that returning home to work in the field of agriculture could offer her both a meaningful challenge and a good standard of living.Born in a small village in Southwest China，she decided not to follow many of her former classmates to the city after getting her degree at university.Instead，she returned to her village and started her own fruit﹣growing business.Working hard over the last several years，and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet，she has expanded her business to include agritourism.Moreover，her company's annual income has reached six million yuan and more than 50 new jobs have been created.As a result，her decision has also helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.
With China's population expected to continue rising in the coming years，the government understands the importance of agriculture.It also understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.To help these young people with their bright and innovative ideas，the government is providing financial help.Business development loans are becoming easier for these young people to obtain，too.Government policies that aim to eliminate poverty are also having a beneficial effect.
"Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，" said Zhang Tao，from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province，adding that the air was bad，transport was terrible，and it was hard to make a decent living.What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network.More importantly，this network is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.Thus，it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country，where they can fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white﹣collar professionals in big cities.
（1）What do some young people hope to achieve by living in their hometowns？ 　They hope to fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities.　
（2）How has Li Dan's decision to work in her hometown contributed to her community？ 　Her decision has helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.　
（3）Why does the government support people who want to stay and work in their hometowns？ 　Because it understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.　
（4）Based on the context，what do you think the sentence "Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be" means？ 　The air is bad，transport is terrible，and it is hard to make a decent living in big cities.　
（5）What is meant by "a strong support network"？ 　It is a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.　
【答案】（1）They hope to fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities.
（2）Her decision has helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.
（3）Because it understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.
（4）The air is bad，transport is terrible，and it is hard to make a decent living in big cities.
（5）It is a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.
【分析】本文主要介绍了越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，为自己家乡的进步贡献出自己的一份力量。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据最后一段Thus，it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country，where they can fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white﹣collar professionals in big cities.（因此，越来越多的应届毕业生被农村生活所吸引也就不足为奇了，在那里他们可以实现个人目标，为当地社区做出贡献，而不仅仅是在大城市做白领。）可知年轻人希望通过住在家乡实现个人目标，为当地社区做出贡献。故答案为They hope to fulfil personal goals and contribute to their local communities.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段As a result，her decision has also helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.（因此，她的决定也帮助减轻了贫困，改善了村里许多人的生活。）可知她的决定帮助减轻了贫困，改善了村里许多人的生活。故答案为Her decision has helped to alleviate poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village.
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 It also understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.（它还明白，大学毕业生可以帮助想出更好的方法来种植作物，并利用现代技术开发新的、创造性的农业方式。）可知政府支持那些想留在家乡工作的人是因为它明白，大学毕业生可以帮助想出更好的方法来种植作物，并利用现代技术开发新的、创造性的农业方式。故答案为Because it understands that university graduates can help come up with better ways to grow crops，and develop new，creative ways of farming using modern technology.
（4）词句猜测题。根据最后一段"Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，" said Zhang Tao，from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province，adding that the air was bad，transport was terrible，and it was hard to make a decent living. （来自云南省宾川县的张涛说："大城市的生活并不像人们说的那么好。"他补充说，那里的空气很差，交通很糟糕，而且很难过上体面的生活。）可知这句话的意思是大城市的空气很差，交通很糟糕，而且很难过上体面的生活。故答案为The air is bad，transport is terrible，and it is hard to make a decent living in big cities.
（5）词句猜测题。根据最后一段What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network.More importantly，this network is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly. （一个人在家乡的生活提供的是一个强大的支持网络。更重要的是，这个网络也是一个很好的网络，可以让新的农业企业迅速建立起来并运行起来。）可知这意味着可以让新的农业企业迅速建立起来并运行起来。故答案为It is a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly.
【点评】阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。
4．Underline all the subject clauses in the following paragraph.
Yuan Longping worked as a teacher after graduating from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953 and since then what he has devoted himself to has been agricultural education and research.As is known to all，why he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice" was that he first developed hybrid rice in the world.
In the 1960s，Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice output.He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice.Yet whether he could put the idea into practice remained a problem for a long time.In 1964，that he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others greatly encouraged him.Thus，he began to study the elements of this particular type.
In 1973，in cooperation with others，he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages.It was amazing that it yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones.Hybrid rice is known as the "fifth invention in the world".For this achievement，he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice".
In 1974，what they successfully developed was a set of technologies for producing indicarice（籼稻），putting China in the lead worldwide in rice production.Thus they made a breakthrough in seeding.
In 1979，their technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States，the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of new China.
In 1999 a record yield of 17，055 kilograms per hectare was registered in Yongsheng County in Yunnan Province.
Due to Yuan's hard work，China's total rice output rose from 5.69 billion tons in 1950 to 19.47 billion tons in 2015.It is estimated that about 300 billion kilograms more have been produced over the last twenty years.The annual yield is enough to feed 60 million people.
As of now，Yuan's rice hybrids in total account for about two thirds of China's rice crop，according to China News.What is more inspiring is that rice from China has been successfully planted overseas.
【答案】what he has devoted himself to；why he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice"；whether he could put the idea into practice；that he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant；that it yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones；what they successfully developed；that about 300 billion kilograms more have been produced over the last twenty years；What is more inspiring
【分析】本文主要介绍"杂交水稻之父"袁隆平是如何发展杂交水稻以及对中国水稻产量的贡献。
【解答】Yuan Longping worked as a teacher after graduating from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953 and since then what he has devoted himself to has been agricultural education and research.As is known to all，why he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice" was that he first developed hybrid rice in the world.
In the 1960s，Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice output.He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice.Yet whether he could put the idea into practice remained a problem for a long time.In 1964，that he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had obvious advantages over others greatly encouraged him.Thus，he began to study the elements of this particular type.
In 1973，in cooperation with others，he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages.It was amazing that it yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones.Hybrid rice is known as the "fifth invention in the world".For this achievement，he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice".
In 1974，what they successfully developed was a set of technologies for producing indicarice（籼稻），putting China in the lead worldwide in rice production.Thus they made a breakthrough in seeding.
In 1979，their technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States，the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of new China.
In 1999 a record yield of 17，055 kilograms per hectare was registered in Yongsheng County in Yunnan Province.
Due to Yuan's hard work，China's total rice output rose from 5.69 billion tons in 1950 to 19.47 billion tons in 2015.It is estimated that about 300 billion kilograms more have been produced over the last twenty years.The annual yield is enough to feed 60 million people.
As of now，Yuan's rice hybrids in total account for about two thirds of China's rice crop，according to China News.What is more inspiring is that rice from China has been successfully planted overseas.
故填：what he has devoted himself to；why he was dubbed the "Father of Hybrid Rice"；whether he could put the idea into practice；that he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant；that it yielded 20 percent more per unit than that of common ones；what they successfully developed；that about 300 billion kilograms more have been produced over the last twenty years；What is more inspiring。
【点评】查主语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导主语从句及一些主语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
5．It is quite common for people （1）　to use　 （use） chemical pesticides and fertilizers in farming，which causes serious pollution.While many people focus on pesticides，（2）　what　 worries me most is the use of chemical fertilisers.These （3）　chemicals　 （chemical） easily get into our water supply，and can also have a negative impact on fish and other animals.（4）　What　 is worse，eventually they will reach the ocean，where they cause trouble with the marine environment.There are many areas near the coast （5）　where　 fish can no longer live because of changes in the ocean water.Different kinds of bacteria grow in such abundance that （6）　it　 is no longer safe or even possible to enjoy swimming in the ocean or （7）　going　 （go） to the beach.（8）　That　 farmers hurry to increase their crops is probably the reason for overuse of chemical products.I think maybe government can subsidize（补贴）for farmers and do some research on （9）　natural　 （nature） ways to increase crop production.（10）　While/Although/Though　 this is a difficult problem to solve，we can see our way through if we work together.
变题型：阅读理解
（1）What does the underlined word "abundance" mean in the text？ 　A　
A.Richness.
B.Process.
C.Tendency.
（2）What is the possible consequence of using chemical fertilisers from the text？ 　C　
A.Farmers can earn much more money.
B.Different kinds of bacteria will be killed in abundance.
C.Agricultural and marine environment will be polluted.
D.Government can do more researches on crop production.
（3）Where is this text probably taken from？ 　C　
A.A biography.
B.A book review.
C.A science report.
D.A literature article.
【答案】（1）to use（2）what（3）（4）What （5）where（6）（7）going（8）That（9）natural（10）While/Although/Though
ACC
【分析】本文说明了农药和化肥对环境的污染以及可以采取的解决办法。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：人们在农业中使用化学杀虫剂和化肥是很常见的，这会造成严重的污染。It is +adj. （ +for sb. ） to do sth. "意为"某人做某事是……的"，为固定句型。故填to use。
（2）考查连词。句意：虽然很多人关注农药，但我最担心的是化肥的使用。从句位于系动词is之前作主语，为主语从句；从句缺少主语，应填连接代词what。故填what。
（3）考查可数名词复数。句意：这些化学物质很容易进入我们的水源，也会对鱼类和其他动物产生负面影响。chemical为可数名词，且空前为these，应用名词复数形式。故填chemicals。
（4）考查固定搭配。句意：更糟糕的是，它们最终会到达海洋，给海洋环境带来麻烦。"what is worse"意为"更糟糕的是"，是固定短语。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
（5）考查关系副词。句意：由于海水的变化，海岸附近有许多地区的鱼类无法再生活。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the coast，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
（6）考查固定句型。句意：不同种类的细菌生长得如此之多，以至于在海里游泳或去海滩不再安全，甚至不可能。"It is +adj. （ +for sb. ） to do sth. "意为"某人做某事是……的"，为固定句型。故填it。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：不同种类的细菌生长得如此之多，以至于在海里游泳或去海滩不再安全，甚至不可能。设空处和swimming并列作enjoy 的宾语，应用动词﹣ing 形式。故填going。
（8）考查连接词。句意：农民急于增加他们的作物可能是过度使用化学产品的原因。空后的"farmers hurry to increase their crops"在句中作主语，为主语从句。从句成分完整，因此设空处应为只起连接作用且无实际意义的连词that。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填That。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我认为也许政府可以补贴农民，并对增加作物产量的自然方法进行一些研究。设空处位于名词ways前，作定语，修饰名词，应用形容词形式。故填natural。
（1）考查连词。句意：虽然这是一个很难解决的问题，但如果我们共同努力，我们就能找到解决的办法。根据句意可知，设空处应引导让步状语从句。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填While/Although/Though。
（2）词义猜测题。根据上文中的"many areas..."和"different kinds of..."可知划线处应指数量多。richness"丰富"符合文意。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三句至第六句These （3）（chemical） easily get into our water supply，and can also have a negative impact on fish and other animals.（4）is worse，eventually they will reach the ocean，where they cause trouble with the marine environment.There are many areas near the coast （5）fish can no longer live because of changes in the ocean water.（这些化学物质很容易进入我们的水源，也会对鱼类和其他动物产生负面影响。（4）更糟糕的是，它们最终会到达海洋，