专项十三　复合句（含答案） 2026年中考人教版英语语法专项复习

专项十三　复合句
河北中考考情分析
分析河北近六年的中考真题可以看出，新中考之前宾语从句是每年中考单项选择的必考考点之一。新中考后，从命题形式来看，该考查方向会以短文填空为主。因此，我们要熟练掌握宾语从句的构成及其用法。定语从句在2012年之前为单项选择的必考点，但《义务教育英语课程标准》中明确规定只要求学生理解定语从句。河北中考通常是在语篇阅读中渗透对定语从句的考查。因此，预计2026年河北中考对定语从句的考查仍将在语篇阅读中渗透，掌握关系词的用法能够降低语篇阅读的难度。河北中考对状语从句的考查都会与从属连词相结合，主要考查状语从句从属连词的辨析及应用。近六年复合句的考查频次：宾语从句6年4考。
根据句意，填入适当的单词
(2024河北改编)To know ________ the mountain top looks like，you need to reach it.
(2022河北改编)And she often asks people ________ she can do for them.
(2020河北改编)My cousin will drive me to school today，but I don't know ________ we'll leave.
考点一　宾语从句
在复合句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句的三大考点见下表：
考点 用法 示例
连接词 that本身无词义，在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用，在口语中that可省略 He said (that) he would go to the seaside.他说他要去海边。
if或whether意为“是否”，不作句子成分，不可省略，句尾有or not时用whether He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Zhejiang.他还没决定是否去浙江旅行。
连接代词(what/who/whose/whom/which等)在从句中作一定成分，如主语、宾语、定语等 Do you know who he is？你知道他是谁吗？
连接副词(where/when/why/how等)在从句中作状语 She asked me where I bought the book.她问我在哪里买的这本书。
时态 需要性原则：主句为一般现在时、一般将来时或现在完成时，宾语从句根据实际情况使用所需要的时态 I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
呼应性原则：主句为一般过去时，宾语从句使用过去的某个时态 The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
特殊性原则：如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理和普遍事实，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
语序 从句用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语＋其他” Do you know where I can get some postcards？你知道我能从哪里买到一些明信片吗？
疑问词＋动词不定式
(1)动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语、宾语或表语。例如：
Where to go tomorrow hasn't been decided yet.明天去什么地方还没定下来。(作主语)
I asked him when to leave Beijing.我问他什么时候离开北京。(作宾语)
My question is how to get there.我的问题是如何到达那里。(作表语)
(2)“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。例如：
Can you tell me where to buy a map of China？＝Can you tell me where I can buy a map of China？你能告诉我在哪里能买到中国地图吗？
否定前移
当主句的主语为第一人称，主句时态为一般现在时，且主句谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到前面的主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。例如：
I don't think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
No matter where you are，join us for the Gala of the year and see ________ China celebrates this important cultural event.
“I don't care about the cost；just buy ________ you need for the party，” she said.
This famous saying “When I walk along with two others，they may serve me as my teachers.” tells us ________ we can learn from.
—Could you tell me ________ you will travel to London
—Sure.Next month.
I doubt ________ he will be offered the chance to go abroad.
You should know ________ you're going before you plan the best way of getting there.
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
她还告诉我们日常生活中可以做些什么来帮助阻止全球变暖。
She also told us ________ ________ ________ ________ in our daily lives to help stop global warming.
我想知道汤姆在昨天的聚会上是否玩得开心。
I wonder ________ Tom ________ a good time at the party yesterday.
汤姆捡起了两个塑料袋，问袋子是谁的。
Tom picked up two plastic bags and ________ ________ ________ ________．
你的自行车很漂亮。你能告诉我你在哪儿买的吗？
Your bicycle is so nice.Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ ________？
我不知道应该给我妹妹买什么。
I don't know ________ ________ ________ for my sister.
汤姆没有认真听，所以他没有听见老师说什么。
Tom was not listening carefully，so he failed to hear ________ ________ ________ ________．
考点二　定语从句
定义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。两个句子通过关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose)或关系副词(when，where，why)连接起来，定语从句前被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。
关系代词和关系副词的用法
关系词 用法 示例
关系代词 which 指物，在从句中充当主语或宾语；作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可以省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的运动。
that 可指物，也可指人，在从句中充当主语或宾语；在从句中作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可以省略 A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一个能飞的机器。(作主语，不可省略) The homework(that) I finished last night was left at home.我昨晚写完的作业落在家里了。(作宾语，可省略)
who 指人，在从句中充当主语或宾语；作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可以省略 The boy who is standing over there is Tom.站在那边的男孩是汤姆。
whom 指人，在从句中充当宾语，可以省略，也可以用who替代 This is our English teacher whom/who everybody likes.这是我们大家都喜欢的英语老师。
whose 可修饰物，也可修饰人，在从句中充当定语 This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.这是我的同桌，其父亲在一家工厂工作。
关系副词 when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语 We will never forget the days when we stayed with Mr.Smith.我们永远不会忘记和史密斯先生在一起的日子。
where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语 This is the classroom where we study.这是我们学习的教室。
why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语 This is the reason why I didn't attend the meeting yesterday.这就是我昨天没有参加会议的原因。
关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词是all、none、little、much、some、everything、anything、nothing等不定代词或被其修饰时。如：
Please get everything that we need ready.请准备好我们需要的一切。
(2)当先行词被 the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰时。如：
He is the only person that I want to see.他是我唯一想见的人。
(3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书。
(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。如：
They talked about the people and things that they remembered in school.他们谈论着他们在学校记得的人和事。
(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复应用that。如：
Who is the person that is standing at the gate？那个站在门口的人是谁？
关系代词不能用that的情况
(1)介词之后不能用that。如：
This is the factory in which we once worked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂。
(2)当先行词本身为that/those时。如：
You must find out those which may be ignored by us.你必须找到那些可能被我们忽视的东西。
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
—Could you tell me what kind of movies you like best
—Umm…I like the movies ________ make me laugh.
Mrs.Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively.
This is the best TV set ________ is made in China.
I will never forget the place ________ I have lived for five years.
Ⅱ.按要求改写句子
He gave me a book yesterday.The book is very interesting.(合并为一句)
The book ________ ________ ________ to me by him yesterday is very interesting.
Linda is a kind girl.She is often ready to help others.(合并为一句)
Linda is a kind girl ________ ________ often ready to help others.
We all like the children.The children have good manners.(合并为一句)
We all like the children ________ ________ good manners.
考点三　状语从句
状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末一般不用逗号。不同类型的状语从句用不同类型的从属连词引导。
时间状语从句
从属连词 意义及用法 示例
when 意为“当……时”。在when引导的从句中，谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词 It was raining when she arrived at the station.当她到达车站时正在下雨。
while 意为“当……时”。在while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常用进行时 Don't make any noise while others are reading.别人读书时不要制造任何噪声。
before 意为“在……之前”，表示两个时间或两个事件之间的先后关系，从句的动作通常发生在主句的动作之后 Please turn off the light before you leave the room.在你离开房间之前请关灯。
until 意为“直到”，常用在“not…until…”结构中，表示“直到……才……” He didn't appear until the meeting began.直到会议开始，他才露面。
after 意为“在……之后”，表示的是两个时间或两个事件之间的先后关系，从句的动作通常发生在主句的动作之前 I'll go to play football after I finish my homework.我完成我的作业后将去踢足球。
since 意为“自……以来”。主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 He has lived here since he was ten.他从十岁起就住在这里。
once 意为“一旦……就……”，用于引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as Once they find people in need，they will try their best to help them.一旦他们发现需要帮助的人，他们就尽最大的努力去帮助他们。
as 意为“一边……一边……；随着；当……时”，可与while互换，着重指主、从句的动作同时发生，而不是一前一后 Helen listened to the story as she washed clothes.海伦一边洗衣服一边听故事。
as soon as 意为“一……就……”。as soon as引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 I will write to you as soon as I get there.我一到那儿就给你写信。
条件状语从句
从属连词 意义及用法 示例
if 意为“如果”。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，即“主将从现”原则 If he has time tomorrow，he will attend the meeting.如果他明天有时间，他会来参加会议。
unless 意为“除非；如果不”。unless可以转化为“if…not…”结构，主、从句时态遵循“主将从现”原则 He won't finish the work unless he works hard.如果他不努力，他就不能完成这项工作。
as long as 意为“只要”。主、从句时态遵循“主将从现”原则 As long as we show our love，the world will be full of happiness.只要我们表达我们的爱，世界将会充满幸福。
【注意】区分if与whether：
if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，与whether意思相同，从句的时态由主句的时态及从句所描述的事实或假设的性质共同决定。引导条件状语从句只能用if，意为“如果；假如”，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
如：We don't know if/whether he will agree with us.我们不知道他是否会同意我们的看法。(引导宾语从句)
If he agrees to come，I'll call you.如果他同意来，我会给你打电话的。(引导条件状语从句)
让步状语从句
从属连词 意义及用法 示例
though 意为“虽然；尽管”，不能与but连用 Though it is rai ning hard，we must get there on time.尽管雨下得很大，但是我们必须按时到那儿。 Although the traffic was heavy，we got to the station on time.虽然交通很拥挤，但我们还是按时到达了车站。
although
even though/if 意为“即使” Even though/if he is old，he looks strong and healthy.他即使老了，看起来还很健壮。
原因状语从句
从属连词 意义及用法 示例
because 意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，而不是推断的原因，着重点在从句，常用于回答why引导的问句，不能与so连用 I bought the house because it was cheap.我买这套房子是因为它便宜。
since 意为“既然；因为”，表示人们已知的事实，since通常放在句首。since引导的从句是次要的，重点强调的是主句的内容 Since he can't answer the question，we'd better ask someone else.既然他不能回答这个问题，我们最好还是问别人吧。
as 意为“由于；因为”。as引导的从句与主句具有同等的重要性 Mom began to worry about my brother as it was getting darker.由于天越来越黑，妈妈开始为我的弟弟担心。
目的状语从句、结果状语从句
从属连词 意义及用法 示例
so(that)/in order that 意为“以便于”，引导目的状语从句，从句中经常出现can/could，may/might We will sit at the front so that we can hear the speaker clearly.我们将坐在前排，以便能清楚地听到演讲者的讲话。
so… that… 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词 Her father was so angry that he couldn't speak.她爸爸气得说不出话来。 The boy is so young that he can't go to school now.这个男孩太小，现在还不能上学。
such… that… 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，such后接名词(短语) He is such a young boy that he can't go to school now.这个男孩这么小，现在还不能上学。
Ⅰ.用适当的从属连词填空
________ it rains tomorrow morning，we will have to cancel the sports meeting.
________ I have a sweet tooth，I try to eat less candy to stay healthy.
________ you read the poem a second time，the meaning will become clearer to you.
The little girl waited at the gate ________ her mother came back from work.
I wonder why I can't get good grades，________ I have been studying so hard.
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
我对此次旅行的印象是如此深刻，以至于我开始阅读更多关于丝绸之路的书籍。
I was ________ impressed by this trip ________ I began to read more books about the Silk Road.
直到19世纪下半叶，才有可能驾驶电动汽车。
It ________ possible to drive electric cars ________ the second half of the 19th century.
尽管李华很努力，但他在学习英语方面还是有困难。
________ Li Hua works very hard，he still ________ ________ ________ English.
只要我们从小事做起，我们的校园就会有所不同。
________ ________ ________ we start small，we can make a difference to our school.
Ⅰ.根据句意，填入适当的单词
We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.
We haven't decided ________ we will keep a pet.
I'll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year.
Yesterday Mr.Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ________ he was born in.
He talked to me about the things and people ________ he came across in China.
The most important thing ________ we should pay attention to is the first thing ________ I have said.
What can we do for the left behind children in the village ________ need help
________ it's difficult to remember the text，it will be easier as you read it several times.
The best time to visit the UK is from May to September ________ it's not too cold or too hot.
People didn't realize the power of Chinese animated movies ________ it came along.
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
我不知道我的梦想已经成了现实。
I don't know ________ my dream ________ already ________ ________．
打扰一下，您能告诉我怎么去书店吗？
Excuse me，could you tell me ________ ________ ________ ________ to the bookshop
你能告诉我们怎样和外国人开始对话吗？
Could you tell us ________ ________ ________ start a conversation with a foreigner
这个教育节目试图展示生活中重要的事情。
The educational program tries to show the things ________ ________ ________ in life.
他们经常想知道为什么没有光就没有树生存。
They often wonder ________ ________ ________ no trees living without light.
琳达一进房间我就把这份礼物给她了。
I gave the present to Linda ________ ________ ________ she ________ into the room.
为了能够生活得更好，我们应该种更多的树。
We should grow more trees ________ ________ we can live better.
校长宣布这个团队合作打破了学校纪录。很多人都想知道他们是如何做到的。
The headmaster announced that this team cooperation had broken the school record.Many people wanted to know ________ ________ ________ ________．
去年，交换生林慧对滑雪很感兴趣，想知道如何提高滑雪技巧。
Last year，Lin Hui，an exchange student，was interested in skiing and wondered ________ ________ ________ ________ her skiing skill.
此外，我们还一起探讨了应该做什么来传承中国汉字文化。
In addition，we also discussed ________ ________ ________ ________ to pass on the culture of Chinese characters.
Ⅲ.根据短文内容，用适当的连词填空
A
Artificial(人工的) intelligence，or AI，is not just about writing texts or making pictures anymore.OpenAI has created a new tool called Sora recently.With just a sentence，Sora can make your words turn into a video.The video looks good and closely follows 1.________ you want it to show.
Sora is better than many other tools 2.________ do similar things.It can make videos 3.________ fit different screens，like big TVs or the screens on our phones.What's really cool about Sora is that it can show places with people，movements and backgrounds in detail(详细).Sora knows 4.________ things should look in the real world.For example，5.________ a woman walks by the water，you can see her reflection change.
Sora works so well 6.________ it has a helper named ChatGPT.ChatGPT can turn simple sentences into detailed instructions，making the videos more accurate(精准的)to what people want.
But Sora isn't perfect.It might get confused with complex movements or 7.________ things change after an action.Like，if someone bites a cookie in a video，the cookie might not look right.Sora might also mix up left and right or get the order of events wrong.This might happen because Sora learns about videos piece by piece and doesn't always understand 8.________ they fit together.
Right now，Sora is still being tested.OpenAI is asking people 9.________ know a lot about Internet safety to try and find problems with Sora.They've also let some artists and movie makers try Sora 10.________ they can give advice on how to improve it.
B
When parents send pictures of their children online，it is called “sharenting”．Here is 1.________ Collins Dictionary explains “sharenting”：the usual use of social media to share news，pictures，etc.of one's children.Sharenting is a common thing among parents.A lot of them have done this many times in the past few years.So why do “sharents” do this
Blogger Aimee Horton believes 2.________“sharents” have many different purposes for sharing.“Some do it for clicks；others do it for support.Anyway，people don't want to keep things to themselves.Every person on social media is looking for understanding and acceptance from others，” she told The Guardian.
But the danger behind sharenting is always there.According to a study in the UK，by the time children turn five，they will have about 1，500 photos online.That can create serious problems 3.________ online posts often include private information.You can find out about a child's name，4.________ they look like and where they live more easily than ever.So some bad guys can use the information to steal children's identity(身份).The BBC reports that “sharenting” can cause about two thirds of UK identity stealing cases by 2030.
Therefore，it is time for “sharents” to realize they should think twice 5.________ their children's private information is put online.
【详解答案】
专项十三　复合句
河北中考·真题体验
1．what　2.what　3.when
语法专项·考点过关
专项精讲
考点一：
针对训练
Ⅰ.1.how　2.whatever　3.who　4.when
5．whether/if　6.where
Ⅱ.1.what we could do
2．if；had
3．asked whose they were
4．where you bought it
5．what to buy
6．what the teacher said
考点二：
针对训练
Ⅰ.1.which/that　2.who/that　3.that
4．where
Ⅱ.1.that/which was given
2．who/that is
3．who/that have
考点三：
针对训练
Ⅰ.1.If　2.Although/Though
3．When/If　4.until　5.although
Ⅱ.1.so；that　2.wasn't；until
3．Although/Though；has difficulty learning
4．As long as
专项精练
Ⅰ.1.who　2.whether/if　3.which/that
4．which　5.that　6.that；that
7．who/that　8.Although/Though
9．because　10.until
Ⅱ.1.that；has；come true
2．how I can get　3.how we can
4．that/which are important
5．why there are　6.as soon as；came
7．so that　8.how they did it
9．how she could improve
10．what we should do
Ⅲ.
A
1．what　2.that/which　3.that/which
4．how　5.if　6.because　7.how　8.how
9．who/that　10.so
B
1．how　2.that　3.because　4.what
5．before