人教版（2019）高考英语一轮复习教材梳理选择性必修第三册UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE课件(共66张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高考英语一轮复习教材梳理选择性必修第三册UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE课件(共66张PPT) |
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(共66张PPT)
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
主题语境 积极的生活态度
选择性必修第三册
Part 1 研考点 必备知识巧突破
1.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历 等)→ v.使有资格→ n.资格;学历
(1)be qualified for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
(2)qualify sb. for sth./to do sth. 使某人能胜任某事/有资格做某事
(3)have the qualification for/to do sth. 有……的资格/有资格做某事
qualify
qualification
qualification
qualified
which will qualify me for the voluntary work
I’m confident that I will be qualified for the job/have the qualification for the job/have the qualification to do the job
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→ adv.热情 地;热心地→ n.热情;热忱
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有热情
(2)lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (=enthusiastically)热情地
①Bernard and Jack still made popcorn ______________ (enthusiastic) in spite of several failures.
②我不仅充满热情而且容易相处,这使得我可以胜任报纸上所刊 登的志愿者工作。(个人优势)
_______________________________________________________, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
enthusiastically
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with
Learning that you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture
3.assign vt.分配;分派;布置→ n.(分派的)工作,任务;布置
assign sb. sth.=assign sth. to sb.把某事/某物安排给某人
assign sb. to sth. 指派某人做某项工作
assign sb. as...指派某人担任某一职务
assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事
assignment
to
assignment
she has been assigned to
perform
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌→ adj.忌妒的;羡慕的
(1)with envy羡慕地;忌妒地
be green with envy忌妒得眼红;十分羡慕/忌妒
(2)envy sb. (doing) sth. 羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
(3)be envious of羡慕;妒忌
envious
①Honestly speaking, I do envy you (get) the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
②All the girls watched her envy when she danced gracefully on the big stage.
③她非常乐观且充满热情,对此我非常羡慕。(人物介绍)
She is quite optimistic and full of enthusiasm,_____________________
_________.
getting
with
for which I am green
with envy
以你为榜样
5.abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;遗弃 n.放任;放纵→ adj.被遗弃的;放纵的
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事;纵情于(做)某事
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地;放任地
(3)be abandoned to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事
abandoned
①We sang, danced, and laughed abandon, forgetting the difficulties in our life.
②It was a pity that they abandoned (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
③I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.
→ , I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.(现在分词短 语作状语)
→ , I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
with
carrying
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
6.resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的信念→ n.决议;解决;坚定
(1)resolve to do/on doing sth. 决定做某事
(2)make a resolution (to do sth.)下定决心(做某事)
resolution
resolution
has resolved to spare/on sparing no effort to protect them
③一旦她下定决心做这件事,你就别想使她改变主意。
→ , you won’t get her to change her mind.(resolve)
→ , you won’t get her to change her mind.(resolution)
Once she has resolved to do/on doing it
Once she has made a resolution to do it
虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might+动词原形
与过去事实 相反 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实 相反 (1)动词的过去式;(2)were to+动词原形;
(3)should+动词原形 would/could/should/might+动词原形
7.if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句] If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve.要不 是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
tried
would
not have survived the expedition
If you accepted/should accept my application
If you hadn’t slipped and fallen
Part 2 过基础 核心要点精准练
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1. After so many failures, the man abandoned himself despair.
2. She murmured her thanks and (sink) down into her chair.
3. Not having made full preparations for the interview, he was turned .
4. The man gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic the job.
5. After careful consideration, he resolved (quit) his job and pursue a new career.
to
sank
down
about
to quit
6. I am (envy) of you, because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.
7. I’m writing to apply for the voluntary job, which I think I am ____________(qualify) for.
8. Given that I (assign) to do an important job, I turned down the invitation to the party.
9. (fortunate), he didn’t seize the opportunity to get promoted.
10. Escaping from reality can be a strong motivation travel.
envious
qualified
was assigned
Unfortunately
for
had been enthusiastic
about polar expeditions
are some of his expedition experiences
as extraordinary as a great
miracle
abandon his team and firmly
resolved to bring them home
wouldn’t
have survived the expedition
Part 3 提素养 关键能力培优练
培优1 单元话题写作——探险家
根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As we all know, there are numerous ① (adversity) in our life.A sailor, who was ② (在……岁时) 19 and ③________________(热衷于) sailing, wanted to join an expedition. ④______________ (fortunately), he ⑤ (被拒绝) by the captain at first though he was ⑥ (qualify) for the position.But he didn’t give up.He told the captain that he had energy (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:⑦ ) and endurance and he could complete the tasks ⑧ (assign) by the captain.He said,“I ⑨__________________________(一直盼望) the voyage for a long time.” Finally, the genuine sailor ⑩ (成功了).
adversities
at the age of
enthusiastic about
Unfortunately
was turned down
qualified
vigour
assigned
have been looking forward to
made it
教材语料运用 【野外探险】
一对夫妇——汤姆和玛丽热衷于野外探险。一天,当他们穿过一片茂密的丛林时,妻子玛丽的脚踝受了重伤。更糟糕的是,天开始下雨了。起初,汤姆挽着玛丽的胳膊,试图一路扶着她走。但玛丽的脚太疼了,他们不得不放弃他们的计划。当雨下得更大时,他们的心也开始下沉。
Tom and Mary were a couple ①_____
_________________________________ (定语从句).One day when going through a thick jungle, the wife, Mary, got seriously injured in the ankle.Worse still, it began to rain.At first, ②____________
____________, trying to support her along the way. However, the pain was so intense ③________________________ their plan. When the rain became heavier, ④ .
who were enthusiastic about wild exploration
Tom took Mary’s arm
that they had to abandon
their hearts also began to sink
培优2 提升续写能力
玛丽又痛苦又害怕,几乎崩溃了。汤姆温柔地搂着妻子,试图安慰她。玛丽渐渐平静下来,决定勇敢地面对困难。他们开始生火,以免在这样一个寒冷的夜晚被冻死。幸运的是,他们听到了直升机的轰鸣声。汤姆立即站起来,猛烈地挥舞着他的手臂,大声喊道:“救命!救命!”
⑤__________________(形容词短语作状语), Mary almost broke down.Tom tried to comfort her, ⑥_______________________
_______________(分词短语作状语).Mary gradually calmed down and ⑦___________
_______________________. They began to ⑧__________________________________
______________________. Fortunately, they heard some roars of a helicopter.Tom immediately rose to his feet and ⑨_______
________________, shouting loudly, “Help!Help!”
Bitter and frightened
throwing his arms around his wife gently
resolved to face the difficulty bravely
make some fire to avoid being frozen to death on such a bitter night
waved his arms violently
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2024·河北石家庄教学质量检测三) When she was 61, Sian Davies decided to row across the Atlantic Ocean. In March 2021, she was one of the 12 crew members who set out on the 3,000 mile journey from Tenerife to battle sun, salt and fierce currents. “We would row in three hour shifts and only sleep for an hour or so every six hours,” she says. “For the first 15 days, I was seasick, so I hardly ate anything. I was just rowing and collapsing. I went through some pretty dark times.”
But after 42 days on the water, Davies reached Antigua to become one of the only six women in the world over the age of 60 to have rowed across an ocean. “I was exhausted and I was also so proud of myself,” she says.
Davies began rowing when she was 53, after spotting a six oar (浆) rowing boat in Bristol harbor. Attracted by its size and appearance, she spoke to the crew and was encouraged to do a trial run. “As soon as I got on the water, I fell in love with it,” she says. “Feeling your whole body working and the fresh air on your skin is amazing.”
It wasn’t until 2017, though, that her Atlantic plans were born. Suffering from a herniated disc (椎间盘突出), she was only able to crawl out of bed. “I began thinking of things I could look forward to after I had surgery,” she says. “One day I was reading about women adventurers when it hit me that once better, I would row across an ocean.”
After successful surgery, Davies began driving to meet other women who had undertaken rows. Hearing the experiences and advice of them gave Davies the confidence. Soon after, she heard that a new boat producer was organizing a team for a voyage across the Atlantic and she joined it immediately.“In June, I’m planning to break a few world records by rowing around the UK when I’m 64, and I want to motorcycle through the Himalayas later in the year. After all, we need things to look back on,” she says.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Sian Davies在61岁时划船跨越大西洋的经历和感受。
1
2
3
4
1.What do we know about Davies’ journey across the Atlantic ( )
A.She fell apart and abandoned the task.
B.She suffered a lot during the process.
C.She was the oldest woman to finish it.
D.She rowed along with six other women.
B
1
2
3
4
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“We would row in three hour shifts and only sleep for an hour or so every six hours” “For the first 15 days, I was seasick...I went through some pretty dark times.”可知,Davies等人轮班划船,每班人划3个小时,每6个小时睡1个小时左右,前15天,Davies晕船,几乎什么都没吃。由此可知,Davies在划船跨越大西洋的过程中遭受了很多苦难。故选B。
1
2
3
4
2.How did Davies feel about her first attempt to row ( )
A.Painful. B.Frightened.
C.Confident. D.Impressed.
D
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的“As soon as I got on the water,I fell in love with it” “Feeling your whole body working and the fresh air on your skin is amazing”可知,一到水上,Davies就爱上了划船。感觉全身在运动,新鲜的空气附着在皮肤上,这真是太棒了。由此可知,Davies对她的第一次划船尝试感到印象深刻。故选D。
1
2
3
4
3.What inspired Davies to row across an ocean ( )
A.A trial row on a six oar rowing boat.
B.Support from a boat company.
C.Stories of some women adventurers.
D.Sufferings from her back pain.
C
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的“One day I was reading about women adventurers when it hit me that once better, I would row across an ocean.”可知,一些女性冒险家的故事激励Davies划船跨越大洋。故选C。
1
2
3
4
4.Which of the following best describes Davies ( )
A.Caring and open minded.
B.Humble and self motivated.
C.Determined and easy going.
D.Strong willed and ambitious.
D
1
2
3
4
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第二段的“after 42 days on the water, Davies reached Antigua to become one of the only six women in the world over the age of 60 to have rowed across an ocean”可知,尽管Davies当时61岁了,但是她仍然不畏艰辛,完成了3 000英里的划船旅程,成为世界上仅有的6位60岁以上跨越大洋的女性之一。由此可知,Davies意志坚强。再根据最后一段中Davies说的话可知,Davies计划在64岁时划船环游英国,打破几项世界纪录,还想着在今年晚些时候骑摩托车穿越喜马拉雅山。由此可知,她是一个有雄心壮志的人。故选D。A项“乐于助人和思想开明的”;B项“谦虚和自我激励的”;C项“意志坚定和温和的”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天跑步时保持健康的一些建议。
(2024·山东聊城二模)The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal.
First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 1( )
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
1.答案:C
解析:根据上文“To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,防止中暑等问题的建议,C 选项“This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.”中的this指代上文提到的“喝大量的液体”,符合语境。故选C。
Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 2( ) Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
2.答案:F
解析:根据上文“The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,选择合适的时间的建议,F 选项“By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.”中的 by doing it 指代上文提到的“在早晨跑步”,符合语境。故选F。
3( ) However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick drying.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
3.答案:G
解析:根据下文“However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,穿着方面的建议,G 选项“As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.”中的“穿上短裤和背心去跑步”是不恰当的穿着,与下文形成转折关系,符合语境。故选G。
When running in summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion(过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 4( ) Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
4.答案:D
解析:根据上文“When running in summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion which can lead to heat stroke.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,要注意身体,避免过度劳累,D 选项“Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.”中的“调整自己的节奏”是避免过度劳累的方法之一,符合语境。故选D。
After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 5( ) By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
5.答案:A
解析:根据上文“After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步后,要注意身体的冷却和伸展,A 选项“Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.”是身体冷却的方法之一,符合语境。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及在全球的广泛应用和认可。
(2024·河南三门峡一模)Acupuncture (针灸), a traditional Chinese medical practice, 1 (be) the remedy for 2
(count) patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved 3_________
a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.
1.答案:has been
解析:考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since ancient times可知,句子用现在完成时,主语acupuncture表示单数意义,故填has been。
2.答案:countless
解析:考查词性转换。空处修饰名词patients,应用形容词作定语,结合句意可知,此处指“无数的”,应用形容词countless。故填countless。
3.答案:into
解析:考查介词。evolve into“演变成,发展成”,为固定短语,故填into。
4 (aim) at promoting the body’s self regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well being, 5___________ therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.
4.答案:Aimed
解析:考查非谓语动词。be aimed at doing sth.“旨在,为了”,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,故填Aimed。
5.答案:whose
解析:考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是acupuncture,关系词在从句中作定语,和therapeutic principles之间是所属关系,应用关系词whose,故填whose。
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, 6______________most common method, 7 (carry) out by inserting hair thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 8________ (it).
6.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。most common是形容词最高级,其前用定冠词,故填the。
7.答案:is carried
解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述一个一般性事实,应用一般现在时;主语needle insertion和动词carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态;主语表示单数意义,故填is carried。
8.答案:itself
解析:考查反身代词。结合句意可知,此处和body是同一指代对象,应用反身代词,故填itself。
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 9 (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.
9.答案:illustrating
解析:考查非谓语动词。动词illustrate的逻辑主语是前面的句子,两者之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填illustrating。
With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many 10 (advance) in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing.
10.答案:advances
解析:考查名词复数。结合空前的many可知,空处应填名词复数形式作宾语,故填advances。
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
主题语境 积极的生活态度
选择性必修第三册
Part 1 研考点 必备知识巧突破
1.qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历 等)→ v.使有资格→ n.资格;学历
(1)be qualified for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
(2)qualify sb. for sth./to do sth. 使某人能胜任某事/有资格做某事
(3)have the qualification for/to do sth. 有……的资格/有资格做某事
qualify
qualification
qualification
qualified
which will qualify me for the voluntary work
I’m confident that I will be qualified for the job/have the qualification for the job/have the qualification to do the job
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→ adv.热情 地;热心地→ n.热情;热忱
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有热情
(2)lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (=enthusiastically)热情地
①Bernard and Jack still made popcorn ______________ (enthusiastic) in spite of several failures.
②我不仅充满热情而且容易相处,这使得我可以胜任报纸上所刊 登的志愿者工作。(个人优势)
_______________________________________________________, which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
enthusiastically
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with
Learning that you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese culture
3.assign vt.分配;分派;布置→ n.(分派的)工作,任务;布置
assign sb. sth.=assign sth. to sb.把某事/某物安排给某人
assign sb. to sth. 指派某人做某项工作
assign sb. as...指派某人担任某一职务
assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事
assignment
to
assignment
she has been assigned to
perform
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕;妒忌→ adj.忌妒的;羡慕的
(1)with envy羡慕地;忌妒地
be green with envy忌妒得眼红;十分羡慕/忌妒
(2)envy sb. (doing) sth. 羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
(3)be envious of羡慕;妒忌
envious
①Honestly speaking, I do envy you (get) the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
②All the girls watched her envy when she danced gracefully on the big stage.
③她非常乐观且充满热情,对此我非常羡慕。(人物介绍)
She is quite optimistic and full of enthusiasm,_____________________
_________.
getting
with
for which I am green
with envy
以你为榜样
5.abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;遗弃 n.放任;放纵→ adj.被遗弃的;放纵的
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事;纵情于(做)某事
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地;放任地
(3)be abandoned to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事
abandoned
①We sang, danced, and laughed abandon, forgetting the difficulties in our life.
②It was a pity that they abandoned (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.
③I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.
→ , I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.(现在分词短 语作状语)
→ , I performed extremely badly in the end of term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
with
carrying
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
6.resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的信念→ n.决议;解决;坚定
(1)resolve to do/on doing sth. 决定做某事
(2)make a resolution (to do sth.)下定决心(做某事)
resolution
resolution
has resolved to spare/on sparing no effort to protect them
③一旦她下定决心做这件事,你就别想使她改变主意。
→ , you won’t get her to change her mind.(resolve)
→ , you won’t get her to change her mind.(resolution)
Once she has resolved to do/on doing it
Once she has made a resolution to do it
虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might+动词原形
与过去事实 相反 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实 相反 (1)动词的过去式;(2)were to+动词原形;
(3)should+动词原形 would/could/should/might+动词原形
7.if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句] If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve.要不 是有海洋生物,我们都得挨饿。
tried
would
not have survived the expedition
If you accepted/should accept my application
If you hadn’t slipped and fallen
Part 2 过基础 核心要点精准练
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1. After so many failures, the man abandoned himself despair.
2. She murmured her thanks and (sink) down into her chair.
3. Not having made full preparations for the interview, he was turned .
4. The man gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic the job.
5. After careful consideration, he resolved (quit) his job and pursue a new career.
to
sank
down
about
to quit
6. I am (envy) of you, because you are leading such a cosy and decent life.
7. I’m writing to apply for the voluntary job, which I think I am ____________(qualify) for.
8. Given that I (assign) to do an important job, I turned down the invitation to the party.
9. (fortunate), he didn’t seize the opportunity to get promoted.
10. Escaping from reality can be a strong motivation travel.
envious
qualified
was assigned
Unfortunately
for
had been enthusiastic
about polar expeditions
are some of his expedition experiences
as extraordinary as a great
miracle
abandon his team and firmly
resolved to bring them home
wouldn’t
have survived the expedition
Part 3 提素养 关键能力培优练
培优1 单元话题写作——探险家
根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As we all know, there are numerous ① (adversity) in our life.A sailor, who was ② (在……岁时) 19 and ③________________(热衷于) sailing, wanted to join an expedition. ④______________ (fortunately), he ⑤ (被拒绝) by the captain at first though he was ⑥ (qualify) for the position.But he didn’t give up.He told the captain that he had energy (用本单元词汇替换黑体词:⑦ ) and endurance and he could complete the tasks ⑧ (assign) by the captain.He said,“I ⑨__________________________(一直盼望) the voyage for a long time.” Finally, the genuine sailor ⑩ (成功了).
adversities
at the age of
enthusiastic about
Unfortunately
was turned down
qualified
vigour
assigned
have been looking forward to
made it
教材语料运用 【野外探险】
一对夫妇——汤姆和玛丽热衷于野外探险。一天,当他们穿过一片茂密的丛林时,妻子玛丽的脚踝受了重伤。更糟糕的是,天开始下雨了。起初,汤姆挽着玛丽的胳膊,试图一路扶着她走。但玛丽的脚太疼了,他们不得不放弃他们的计划。当雨下得更大时,他们的心也开始下沉。
Tom and Mary were a couple ①_____
_________________________________ (定语从句).One day when going through a thick jungle, the wife, Mary, got seriously injured in the ankle.Worse still, it began to rain.At first, ②____________
____________, trying to support her along the way. However, the pain was so intense ③________________________ their plan. When the rain became heavier, ④ .
who were enthusiastic about wild exploration
Tom took Mary’s arm
that they had to abandon
their hearts also began to sink
培优2 提升续写能力
玛丽又痛苦又害怕,几乎崩溃了。汤姆温柔地搂着妻子,试图安慰她。玛丽渐渐平静下来,决定勇敢地面对困难。他们开始生火,以免在这样一个寒冷的夜晚被冻死。幸运的是,他们听到了直升机的轰鸣声。汤姆立即站起来,猛烈地挥舞着他的手臂,大声喊道:“救命!救命!”
⑤__________________(形容词短语作状语), Mary almost broke down.Tom tried to comfort her, ⑥_______________________
_______________(分词短语作状语).Mary gradually calmed down and ⑦___________
_______________________. They began to ⑧__________________________________
______________________. Fortunately, they heard some roars of a helicopter.Tom immediately rose to his feet and ⑨_______
________________, shouting loudly, “Help!Help!”
Bitter and frightened
throwing his arms around his wife gently
resolved to face the difficulty bravely
make some fire to avoid being frozen to death on such a bitter night
waved his arms violently
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2024·河北石家庄教学质量检测三) When she was 61, Sian Davies decided to row across the Atlantic Ocean. In March 2021, she was one of the 12 crew members who set out on the 3,000 mile journey from Tenerife to battle sun, salt and fierce currents. “We would row in three hour shifts and only sleep for an hour or so every six hours,” she says. “For the first 15 days, I was seasick, so I hardly ate anything. I was just rowing and collapsing. I went through some pretty dark times.”
But after 42 days on the water, Davies reached Antigua to become one of the only six women in the world over the age of 60 to have rowed across an ocean. “I was exhausted and I was also so proud of myself,” she says.
Davies began rowing when she was 53, after spotting a six oar (浆) rowing boat in Bristol harbor. Attracted by its size and appearance, she spoke to the crew and was encouraged to do a trial run. “As soon as I got on the water, I fell in love with it,” she says. “Feeling your whole body working and the fresh air on your skin is amazing.”
It wasn’t until 2017, though, that her Atlantic plans were born. Suffering from a herniated disc (椎间盘突出), she was only able to crawl out of bed. “I began thinking of things I could look forward to after I had surgery,” she says. “One day I was reading about women adventurers when it hit me that once better, I would row across an ocean.”
After successful surgery, Davies began driving to meet other women who had undertaken rows. Hearing the experiences and advice of them gave Davies the confidence. Soon after, she heard that a new boat producer was organizing a team for a voyage across the Atlantic and she joined it immediately.“In June, I’m planning to break a few world records by rowing around the UK when I’m 64, and I want to motorcycle through the Himalayas later in the year. After all, we need things to look back on,” she says.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Sian Davies在61岁时划船跨越大西洋的经历和感受。
1
2
3
4
1.What do we know about Davies’ journey across the Atlantic ( )
A.She fell apart and abandoned the task.
B.She suffered a lot during the process.
C.She was the oldest woman to finish it.
D.She rowed along with six other women.
B
1
2
3
4
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“We would row in three hour shifts and only sleep for an hour or so every six hours” “For the first 15 days, I was seasick...I went through some pretty dark times.”可知,Davies等人轮班划船,每班人划3个小时,每6个小时睡1个小时左右,前15天,Davies晕船,几乎什么都没吃。由此可知,Davies在划船跨越大西洋的过程中遭受了很多苦难。故选B。
1
2
3
4
2.How did Davies feel about her first attempt to row ( )
A.Painful. B.Frightened.
C.Confident. D.Impressed.
D
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的“As soon as I got on the water,I fell in love with it” “Feeling your whole body working and the fresh air on your skin is amazing”可知,一到水上,Davies就爱上了划船。感觉全身在运动,新鲜的空气附着在皮肤上,这真是太棒了。由此可知,Davies对她的第一次划船尝试感到印象深刻。故选D。
1
2
3
4
3.What inspired Davies to row across an ocean ( )
A.A trial row on a six oar rowing boat.
B.Support from a boat company.
C.Stories of some women adventurers.
D.Sufferings from her back pain.
C
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的“One day I was reading about women adventurers when it hit me that once better, I would row across an ocean.”可知,一些女性冒险家的故事激励Davies划船跨越大洋。故选C。
1
2
3
4
4.Which of the following best describes Davies ( )
A.Caring and open minded.
B.Humble and self motivated.
C.Determined and easy going.
D.Strong willed and ambitious.
D
1
2
3
4
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第二段的“after 42 days on the water, Davies reached Antigua to become one of the only six women in the world over the age of 60 to have rowed across an ocean”可知,尽管Davies当时61岁了,但是她仍然不畏艰辛,完成了3 000英里的划船旅程,成为世界上仅有的6位60岁以上跨越大洋的女性之一。由此可知,Davies意志坚强。再根据最后一段中Davies说的话可知,Davies计划在64岁时划船环游英国,打破几项世界纪录,还想着在今年晚些时候骑摩托车穿越喜马拉雅山。由此可知,她是一个有雄心壮志的人。故选D。A项“乐于助人和思想开明的”;B项“谦虚和自我激励的”;C项“意志坚定和温和的”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天跑步时保持健康的一些建议。
(2024·山东聊城二模)The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal.
First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 1( )
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
1.答案:C
解析:根据上文“To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,防止中暑等问题的建议,C 选项“This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.”中的this指代上文提到的“喝大量的液体”,符合语境。故选C。
Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 2( ) Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
2.答案:F
解析:根据上文“The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,选择合适的时间的建议,F 选项“By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.”中的 by doing it 指代上文提到的“在早晨跑步”,符合语境。故选F。
3( ) However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick drying.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
3.答案:G
解析:根据下文“However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,穿着方面的建议,G 选项“As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.”中的“穿上短裤和背心去跑步”是不恰当的穿着,与下文形成转折关系,符合语境。故选G。
When running in summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion(过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 4( ) Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
4.答案:D
解析:根据上文“When running in summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion which can lead to heat stroke.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时,要注意身体,避免过度劳累,D 选项“Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.”中的“调整自己的节奏”是避免过度劳累的方法之一,符合语境。故选D。
After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 5( ) By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness.
A.Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.
B.The heat will make it challenging to run outside.
C.This will help you keep your body functioning at its best.
D.Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself.
E.So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired.
F.By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day.
G.As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run.
5.答案:A
解析:根据上文“After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch.”可知,该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步后,要注意身体的冷却和伸展,A 选项“Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool.”是身体冷却的方法之一,符合语境。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及在全球的广泛应用和认可。
(2024·河南三门峡一模)Acupuncture (针灸), a traditional Chinese medical practice, 1 (be) the remedy for 2
(count) patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved 3_________
a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.
1.答案:has been
解析:考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since ancient times可知,句子用现在完成时,主语acupuncture表示单数意义,故填has been。
2.答案:countless
解析:考查词性转换。空处修饰名词patients,应用形容词作定语,结合句意可知,此处指“无数的”,应用形容词countless。故填countless。
3.答案:into
解析:考查介词。evolve into“演变成,发展成”,为固定短语,故填into。
4 (aim) at promoting the body’s self regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well being, 5___________ therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.
4.答案:Aimed
解析:考查非谓语动词。be aimed at doing sth.“旨在,为了”,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,故填Aimed。
5.答案:whose
解析:考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是acupuncture,关系词在从句中作定语,和therapeutic principles之间是所属关系,应用关系词whose,故填whose。
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, 6______________most common method, 7 (carry) out by inserting hair thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 8________ (it).
6.答案:the
解析:考查冠词。most common是形容词最高级,其前用定冠词,故填the。
7.答案:is carried
解析:考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述一个一般性事实,应用一般现在时;主语needle insertion和动词carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态;主语表示单数意义,故填is carried。
8.答案:itself
解析:考查反身代词。结合句意可知,此处和body是同一指代对象,应用反身代词,故填itself。
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 9 (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.
9.答案:illustrating
解析:考查非谓语动词。动词illustrate的逻辑主语是前面的句子,两者之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填illustrating。
With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many 10 (advance) in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing.
10.答案:advances
解析:考查名词复数。结合空前的many可知,空处应填名词复数形式作宾语,故填advances。