学霸速记巧练】Unit 4 Time to celebrate 知识清单(原卷版+解析版)外研版2024七年级英语上册

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名称 学霸速记巧练】Unit 4 Time to celebrate 知识清单(原卷版+解析版)外研版2024七年级英语上册
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Unit 4 Time to celebrate
话题 节假日与庆祝活动
功能 1.能听懂有关节假日及其庆祝活动的录音材料;能与他人谈论节假日的庆祝方式 2.能读懂介绍节日及其文化的语篇 3.能以书面形式介绍自己或他人如何度过节假日
单 词 1. 黄瓜 n. cucumber 2. 猪肉 n. pork 3. 气味 n. smell 4. 大学 n. university 5. 水饺 n. dumpling 6. 支持 n. support 7. 一餐;饭 n. meal 8. 气球 n. balloon 9. 中断,暂停 n. break 10. 病人,患者 n. patient 11. 烟火,烟花 n. firework 12. 灯笼;提灯 n. lantern 13. 块;片;段;截 n. piece 14. 形,形状,外形 n. shape 15. 团圆,团聚 n. reunion 16. 圣诞节(期间) n. Christmas 17. 紧急情况,不测事件 n. emergency 18. 形势,情况,状况,局面 n. situation 19. 废料,废弃物 n. waste 20. (烹制好的)菜肴,一道菜 n. dish 21. 挑战,具有挑战性的事物 n. challenge 22. 刀 n. knife→(复数)knives 23. 职责,义务 n. duty→(复数)duties 24. 悬挂 v. hang 25. 庆祝 v. celebrate 26. 知道;明白;认识到 v. realise 27. 发光,发亮 v. shine 28. 弥漫,充满 v. fill 29. 说笑话;开玩笑 v. joke 30. 请客,款待,招待 v. treat 31. 错过 v. miss 32. 后悔(做了某事);对……感到遗憾 v. regret 33. 塑料制的 adj. plastic 34. 渴的,口渴的 adj. thirsty 35. 医学的;医疗的 adj. medical 36. 整个的,全部的 adj. whole 37. 圆形的,环形的 adj. round
词 汇 拓 展 1. usual adj.通常的,平常的→ 反义词 unusual 不平常的→ 副词 usually 通常地,平常地→ as usual 像平常一样 2. treat v.对待,看待→ 名词 treatment 治疗,疗法 3. I pron.(主格)我→ 宾格 me 我→ 形容词性物主代词 my 我的→ 名词性物主代词 mine 我的→ 反身代词 myself 我自己 4. become v.变得;成为→ become + adj. 变得……→ become interested in 对……产生兴趣 5. joke n.笑话→ tell jokes 说笑话→ play a joke on someone 开某人的玩笑 6. piece n.块,片,条→ a piece of 一片;一条;一则 7. knife n.小刀;匕首→ 复数 knives 8. spend v.度过;花费→ sb. spend some time on sth. 某人在某事上花费时间→ sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事→ sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花钱买某物 9. alone adj.寂寞的;单身的→ 同义词 lonely 孤独的,孤单的,寂寞的,荒凉的→ feel lonely 感觉孤独 10. culture n.文化;文明→ 形容词 cultural 与文化有关的;文化的 11. celebrate v.庆祝→ 名词 celebration 12. south n.南,南方 adj.向南的→ 对应词 north 北方→ 形容词 southern 南部的;南方的 13. north adj.北的,朝北的 n.北方;北→ 形容词 northern 北方的;北部的→ the north of... ……的北方
短 语 1. 春节 the Spring Festival 2. 代表 stand for 3. 发生 take place 4. 砍伐 cut down 5. 不同意 disagree with 6. 急救室 emergency room 7. 食物浪费 food waste 8. 共享一顿大餐 share a large meal together 9. 扔掉,丢弃 throw away 10. 家庭团聚 family reunion 11. 传统菜肴 traditional dish 12. 挤满了人 be full of people 13. 违法 against the law 14. 要求做某事 require to do sth. 15. 在糟糕的情况下 in a bad situation 16. 从工作中喘口气 a break from work 17. 对……感到震惊 be shocked at… 18. ……的常见方式 the common way of… 19. 一些有创意的方法 some creative ways 20. 充分利用每一分钟 make the most of every minute
句 型 1. 那难道不是违法的吗? Isn't that against the law 2. 你更喜欢哪种口味? Which taste do you prefer 3. 我不喜欢一个人过春节。 I don't like having the Spring Festival all by myself. 4. 在这个节日期间,吃粽子是必须的。 Eating zongzi is a must during the festival. 5. ……因为它通常发生在农历五月初五。 …because it often takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. 6. 这位作者的春节有什么不寻常的地方? What is unusual about the writer's Spring Festival 7. 整个房间充满了菜肴的味道和我们的笑声。 The smell of the dishes and the sound of our laughing fill the room. 8. 今天是春节,所以我想请她吃一顿中式晚餐。 Today is the Spring Festival, so I want to treat her to a Chinese dinner. 9. 他们放弃了陪伴家人的时间,来响应职责的召唤。 They give up their family time to answer the call of duty. 10. 现在,也有一些创造性的方式来庆祝圣诞节。 Nowadays, there are also some creative ways to celebrate Christmas. 11. 但她从未后悔过选择成为一名急诊医生。 But she never regrets her decision to be an ER doctor. 12. 有时她不得不连续工作20个小时。 Sometimes she has to work without any breaks for 20 hours. 13. 作为一名急诊室的医生,冷医生错过了许多与亲人的家庭聚餐。 As a doctor in the emergency room, Leng misses many family meals with her loved ones. 14. 冷医生的职责意味着她在节日里几乎没有时间和家人在一起。 Leng's duty means she has little time to be with her family at festivals. 15. 在每一位患者的心中,他们的辛勤工作比烟花更灿烂。 In the heart of every patient, their hard work shines brighter than fireworks.
语法 频度副词
写作 介绍节日
知识点
考点1. special的用法
①〔形容词〕特殊的,特别的
specially是其副词形式,意为“专门地;特别地”。most special是其最高级形式,意为“最特别的”。
It's a special day today.今天是个特别的日子。
Your ideas are very special.你的想法很特别。
②〔名词〕特价品;特色菜;特价
There is a special on coffee this week.本周咖啡特价。
◆考点突破
1. Today is a ______ day for me because it's my birthday.
A. specially B. special C. most special
答案:B
解析:空格后为名词“day”,需用形容词修饰,“special”(形容词,“特别的”)符合语境;“specially”是副词,不能修饰名词;“most special”是最高级,此处无比较范围,无需使用,故选B。
2. The restaurant has a ______ on seafood every Friday. We can go there for dinner.
A. special B. specially C. more special
答案:A
解析:根据句意“餐厅每周五有海鲜特价”,此处“special”为名词,意为“特价品”,符合语境;“specially”是副词,“more special”是比较级,均不符合句意,故选A。
3. She made a cake ______ for her mother on Mother's Day.
A. special B. specially C. most special
答案:B
解析:空格处需修饰动词“made”,需用副词,“specially”(副词,“专门地”)符合语境,句意“她专门为妈妈做了一个蛋糕”;“special”是形容词,“most special”是最高级,均不能修饰动词,故选B。
考点2.unusual的用法
〔形容词〕不平常的;特别的;反义词为usual,意为“通常的;平常的”。
The rainy weather of this summer is unusual.
今年夏天的多雨天气不寻常。
【注意】unusual的读音以元音音素开头,前面有不定冠词时应用an.
This is an unusual invention.这是一项不寻常的发明。
◆考点突破
1. This is ______ unusual book. It tells many interesting stories about nature.
A. a B. an C. the
答案:B
解析:“unusual”读音以元音音素开头,不定冠词需用“an”;“a”用于辅音音素开头的单词前,“the”表特指,此处无特指含义,故选B。
2. It's ______ for him to be late for school because he always gets up early.
A. usual B. unusually C. unusual
答案:C
解析:空格处需用形容词作表语,结合句意“他上学迟到很不寻常,因为他总早起”,“unusual”(形容词,“不平常的”)符合语境;“usual”(通常的)与句意相反,“unusually”是副词,不能作表语,故选C。
3. Her style of dressing is ______. Everyone in our class likes it.
A. usual B. unusual C. unusually
答案:B
解析:空格处需用形容词作表语,结合句意“她的穿衣风格很特别,班里每个人都喜欢”,“unusual”(特别的)符合语境;“usual”(平常的)与句意不符,“unusually”是副词,不能作表语,故选B。
考点3. treat
①〔及物动词〕请客,款待,招待treat sb. to...请某人吃······
She treated him to lunch.
她请他吃午饭。
②〔及物动词〕对待;看待后接名词、代词作宾语。treat sb. like/ as…把某人当作……看待
My host family treated me well.我的寄宿家庭待我很好。
Mum always treats me as a child.妈妈总是把我当小孩子看待。
③〔及物动词〕治疗
The doctor is treating the patient.那位医生正在治疗病人。
④〔可数名词〕款待
Let's go out for dinner——my treat.咱们到外面去吃饭吧————我请客。
◆考点突破
1. My uncle treated us ______ a big dinner at a famous restaurant yesterday.
A. for B. to C. with
答案:B
解析:考查固定搭配“treat sb. to sth.”,意为“请某人吃/用某物”,是固定用法;其他介词无此搭配,故选B。
2. Don't treat him ______ a child. He can make his own decisions now.
A. like B. for C. to
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“treat sb. like/as...”,意为“把某人当作……看待”,符合句意“别把他当小孩,他现在能自己做决定了”;“for”和“to”无此用法,故选A。
3. The doctor ______ his illness carefully and he got better soon.
A. treated B. treated to C. treats
答案:A
解析:根据后半句“got better”可知时态为一般过去时,排除C项;此处“treat”意为“治疗”,是及物动词,直接接宾语“his illness”,“treat to”表示“款待”,不符合语境,故选A。
4. Let's go to the cinema this weekend——my ______.
A. treat B. treats C. treated
答案:A
解析:根据句意“这周末我们去看电影吧——我请客”,此处需用名词“treat”(款待,请客),为可数名词,此处用单数形式;“treats”是复数,不符合语境,“treated”是动词过去式/过去分词,故选A。
考点4 watch的用法
(1)辨析:watch sb. do sth.与watch sb. doing sth.
do sth.watch sb. 观看某人做某事 强调动作发生的全过程
doing sth.watch sb. 观看某人正在做某事 强调动作正在进行
I watched him get into the room quietly.
我看到他悄悄地进了那个房间。
He watched them eating.
他看见他们正在吃东西。
◆考点突破
1. I watched my little brother ______ TV for two hours yesterday evening.
A. watch B. watching C. to watch
答案:A
解析:根据“for two hours”可知,此处强调“看了两小时电视”的全过程,需用“watch sb. do sth.”结构,故选A。
2. Look! We can watch the workers ______ the new building now.
A. build B. building C. to build
答案:B
解析:由“Look!”和“now”可知,此处强调“工人正在建大楼”的动作正在进行,需用“watch sb. doing sth.”结构,故选B。
3. She often watches her mother ______ dinner in the kitchen after school.
A. cook B. cooking C. cooks
答案:A
解析:“often”表示经常性动作,此处强调“看妈妈做饭”的全过程,用“watch sb. do sth.”结构,故选A。
4. When I passed the park, I watched some children ______ happily on the playground.
A. play B. to play C. playing
答案:C
解析:“when I passed the park”表示过去某个瞬间,此处强调“路过时看到孩子们正在玩”的动作正在进行,需用“watch sb. doing sth.”结构,故选C。
考点5 whole的用法
(1) whole〔形容词〕全部的,整个的常用结构为“限定词+whole+名词”。
He worked the whole night.他工作了整整一个晚上。
(2)whole与all都可表示“全部的”,区别如下:
whole 常用于修饰有整体意义的单数名词,且限定词(如the、形容词性物主代词等)要放在whole之前
all 常用于修饰各类名词,且限定词(如the、形容词性物主代词等)要放在all之后
She wants to drink the whole cup.
她想喝一整杯。
All the chairs match.
所有的椅子都相配。
◆考点突破
1. He spent ______ whole day reading the new book.
A. a B. an C. the
答案:A
解析:考查“限定词+whole+名词”结构,“whole day”前需加不定冠词,“whole”以辅音音素开头,用“a”;“an”用于元音音素开头的单词前,“the”表特指,此处无特指含义,故选A。
2. ______ the students in our class finished the exam on time.
A. Whole B. All C. The whole
答案:B
解析:“all”修饰名词时,限定词(the)需放在“all”之后,即“all the + 复数名词”,符合句意“我们班所有学生都按时完成了考试”;“whole”常用于修饰单数名词,且限定词需在“whole”前,“the whole + 复数名词”用法错误,故选B。
3. She ate ______ apple in one bite. It's amazing!
A. a whole B. whole a C. all a
答案:A
解析:“whole”修饰单数名词“apple”时,需符合“限定词+whole+名词”结构,“a whole apple”表示“一整个苹果”;“whole a”语序错误,“all”不能与“a + 单数名词”搭配,故选A。
4. My mother cleaned ______ house yesterday. Every room is tidy now.
A. all B. the whole C. whole the
答案:B
解析:“house”是单数名词,“whole”修饰时需用“the whole + 单数名词”,表示“整个房子”;“all”修饰单数名词时需搭配“of”(all of the house),此处无“of”,用法错误;“whole the”语序错误,故选B。
考点6 joke的用法
①〔动词〕说笑话;开玩笑
joke with sb.和某人开玩笑
Don't get mad. I was only joking.
Don't joke with him.不要和他开玩笑。
②〔名词〕笑话;玩笑
tell jokes/a joke讲笑话
She told us some very funny jokes.
她给我们讲了一些非常滑稽的笑话。
◆考点突破
1. He often ______ jokes to make his classmates laugh.
A. tells B. says C. speaks
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“tell jokes/a joke”,意为“讲笑话”,是固定表达;“say”后接具体话语,“speak”后接语言类名词,均无“讲笑话”的搭配,故选A。
2. Don't ______ with me about this serious matter. It's not funny.
A. tell B. joke C. speak
答案:B
解析:考查固定搭配“joke with sb.”,意为“和某人开玩笑”,符合句意“别拿这件严肃的事跟我开玩笑,一点都不好笑”;“tell”需搭配“jokes”(tell jokes to sb. 而非with sb.),“speak”无此搭配,故选B。
3. I was just ______! You don't need to take it so seriously.
A. joke B. joked C. joking
答案:C
解析:根据句意“我只是在开玩笑!你没必要这么当真”,此处需用动词-ing形式构成过去进行时(was/were + doing),表示“过去某个时刻正在做某事”;“joke”是动词原形,“joked”是过去式/过去分词,均不符合语法结构,故选C。
考点7laugh的用法
辨析:laugh与smile
laugh 一般表示“出声地(大)笑”,不但有面部表情,而且还有声音 laugh at…意为“嘲笑……”
smile 一般表示“无声地微笑”,指的是面部表情smile at…意为“向 微笑”
"I don't know what I did," she said,laughing at the memory.“我都不知道我做了什么,”她说道,自嘲起自己的记忆力。
He smiled at me.他朝我微笑
◆考点突破
1. Don't ______ at others when they make mistakes. It's not polite.
A. smile B. laugh C. cry
答案:B
解析:考查固定搭配“laugh at...”,意为“嘲笑……”,符合句意“别人犯错时不要嘲笑他们,这不礼貌”;“smile at...”表示“向……微笑”,与句意不符;“cry”(哭)无此搭配,故选B。
2. She ______ at me friendly when we met in the street yesterday.
A. laughed B. smiled C. shouted
答案:B
解析:根据“friendly”(友好地)可知,此处表示“无声地微笑”,用“smile at...”,符合语境;“laugh at...”强调“大笑、嘲笑”,“shout”(大喊)与“friendly”矛盾,故选B。
3. The funny story made everyone ______ loudly in the classroom.
A. smile B. cry C. laugh
答案:C
解析:由“funny story”(有趣的故事)和“loudly”(大声地)可知,此处表示“出声地大笑”,用“laugh”;“smile”是无声微笑,不能与“loudly”搭配,“cry”(哭)与句意不符,故选C。
考点8 a piece of的用法
a piece of 一块,一片,表示不可数名词的量;其中piece用作可数名词,意为“片;块;段;截”。
【拓展】
a piece of后通常接不可数名词,表示数量;如果表示的数量超过一个,则piece用复数形式。…piece(s) of…短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与pièce的单复数形式保持一致。
There is a piece of bread on the plate.
盘子里有一片面包。
There are two pieces of bread on the plate.
盘子里有两片面包。
a piece of
◆考点突破
1. There is ______ paper on the desk. You can write on it.
A. a piece of B. two pieces of C. a piece
答案:A
解析:“paper”是不可数名词,需用“a piece of”修饰表示“一张”;由“is”可知数量为单数,“two pieces of”表示“两张”,谓语动词需用“are”,“a piece”后缺少介词“of”,用法错误,故选A。
2. ______ news made her very happy. She couldn't stop smiling.
A. A pieces of B. Pieces of C. A piece of
答案:C
解析:“news”是不可数名词,“a piece of news”表示“一条消息”,为固定搭配;“A pieces of”中“piece”与“a”矛盾,需用单数“piece”,“Pieces of”表示“多条”,谓语动词需用复数,此处“made”为过去式,结合句意“一条消息让她很开心”,故选C。
3. How many ______ bread do you need for the party
A. piece of B. pieces of C. piece
答案:B
解析:“how many”后接可数名词复数,“bread”是不可数名词,需用“piece of”修饰,“piece”需用复数“pieces”,即“how many pieces of bread”(多少片面包),故选B。
考点9 fill 的用法
fill〔动词〕(使)充满;装满;反义词为empty(倒空;腾空;掏空)。
fill... with sth.用某物装满······
The magician is filling the cup with water.
那个魔术师正在往杯子里倒满水。
【拓展】 be filled with(= be full of)充满 ;装满……是一个固定短语,也是fill... with...的被动形式。
Her room was filled with/ full of books and newspapers.她的房间满是书和报纸。
◆考点突破
1. She ______ the bottle with fresh milk and gave it to her little brother.
A. filled B. empty C. full
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“fill... with...”,意为“用某物装满……”,结合句意“她把瓶子装满新鲜牛奶,递给了弟弟”,此处需用动词“filled”(fill的过去式);“empty”是动词“倒空”或形容词“空的”,与句意不符,“full”是形容词“满的”,不能作谓语动词,故选A。
2. The hall ______ people. Everyone came to watch the wonderful show.
A. filled with B. is filled with C. full of
答案:B
解析:考查固定短语“be filled with”(= be full of),意为“充满……”,此处需用完整的谓语结构;“filled with”缺少be动词,不能单独作谓语,“full of”是介词短语,需与be动词连用(is full of),结合句意“大厅里挤满了人”,故选B。
3. Don't ______ the box with useless things. We need to use it for books.
A. full B. fill C. empty
答案:C
解析:根据句意“别把盒子装满没用的东西,我们需要用它装书”,此处需用动词“fill”(装满),“don't”后接动词原形;“full”是形容词,不能作谓语,“empty”是“倒空”,与句意相反,故选C。
考点10 alone的用法
辨析:alone与lonely
alone形容词 单独的;独自的 常作表语强调客观情况,指数量上只有一个
lonely形容词 孤独的;寂寞的 常作表语强调主观感受,指心灵上的孤独,具有伤感色彩
She was in the dark room.
她独自一人待在那个黑暗的房间里。
He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.
他独自生活,但他并不感到孤独。
◆考点突破
1. He lives ______ in the countryside, but he never feels ______.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone
答案:A
解析:第一个空强调“独自居住”的客观情况,用“alone”;第二个空强调“不感到孤独”的主观感受,用“lonely”,符合句意“他独自住在乡下,但从不觉得孤独”,故选A。
2. She stayed ______ at home yesterday because her parents went out.
A. lonely B. alone C. happy
答案:B
解析:此处表示“独自待在家”的客观状态,用“alone”作表语;“lonely”侧重主观孤独感,与句意不符,“happy”(开心的)无此语境,故选B。
3. The old man feels ______ because he has no friends or relatives to talk with.
A. alone B. lonely C. excited
答案:B
解析:由“没有亲友可以交谈”可知,此处强调“孤独的”主观感受,用“lonely”;“alone”仅表示“单独的”,无伤感色彩,“excited”(兴奋的)与句意相反,故选B。
考点11stay up的用法
stay up表示“熬夜”也可以用 stay up late 表示
常用搭配是stay up doing sth.和stay up late to do sth..
Don't stay up doing your homework all night. It's unhealthy.
不要整晚熬夜做作业。这是不健康的。
I often stay up late to work.
我经常熬夜工作。
◆考点突破
1. Don't ______ too late. You have an important exam tomorrow morning.
A. stay up B. wake up C. get up
答案:A
解析:考查固定短语“stay up”,意为“熬夜”,符合句意“别熬夜太晚,你明天早上有重要考试”;“wake up”(醒来)、“get up”(起床)均与句意不符,故选A。
2. He ______ late to finish his report last night, so he looks tired today.
A. stayed up B. woke up C. got up
答案:A
解析:根据“last night”(昨晚)和“looks tired”(看起来很累)可知,此处表示“熬夜完成报告”,用“stay up late”,结合时态用过去式“stayed up”;“woke up”(醒来)、“got up”(起床)不符合语境,故选A。
3. My mother often tells me not to ______ doing homework all night. It's bad for my eyes.
A. wake up B. stay up C. put up
答案:B
解析:考查固定搭配“stay up doing sth.”,意为“熬夜做某事”,符合句意“妈妈经常告诉我别整晚熬夜做作业,这对眼睛不好”;“wake up”(醒来)、“put up”(举起、张贴)均无此用法,故选B。
考点12 take place发生;出现;举行
尤指根据安排或计划某事发生、某物出现了或举行某活动。
【易混辨析】 take place与happen
take place 多表示有计划或有安排的事情、活动的“发生”
happen 多表示偶然的或没有预料到的事情的“发生”
◆考点突破
1. The school sports meeting will ______ next Monday. All students are looking forward to it.
A. take place B. happen C. come
答案:A
解析:“运动会”是有计划、有安排的活动,“take place”侧重有计划的“举行、发生”,符合句意“学校运动会下周一将举行,所有学生都很期待”;“happen”侧重偶然发生,“come”(来)无此含义,故选A。
2. A car accident ______ on this road last night. Luckily, no one was hurt.
A. took place B. happened C. held
答案:B
解析:“车祸”是偶然、无预料的事件,“happen”侧重偶然发生,符合语境;“take place”多用于有计划的事情,“held”(举行)需用被动语态(was held),此处用法错误,故选B。
3. The opening ceremony of the new library ______ in our city next month. It's a big event.
A. happens B. will take place C. is happening
答案:B
解析:“图书馆开幕式”是有计划、有安排的大型活动,且时间状语“next month”表示将来,用“will take place”;“happens”侧重偶然,“is happening”表示正在发生,均不符合语境,故选B。
考点13 prefer的用法
更喜欢;钟爱相当于like…better. 不用于进行时态。
主要用法如下:
①prefer sth.更喜欢某物
I prefer apples.
我更喜欢苹果。
She preferred living/ to live with her mother.
她更喜欢与她的妈妈住在一起。
③prefer…to…喜欢……胜过……to为介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
He prefers riding a bike to driving.
与开车相比,他更喜欢骑自行车。
④prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
I prefer to read magazines rather than watch TV.我宁愿看杂志也不愿看电视。
◆考点突破
1. She ______ tea to coffee. She thinks tea is healthier.
A. prefers B. likes C. wants
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“prefer...to...”,意为“喜欢……胜过……”,符合句意“比起咖啡,她更喜欢茶,她觉得茶更健康”;“likes”需与“better than”搭配才表示“更喜欢”,“wants”(想要)无此对比含义,故选A。
2. He prefers ______ outside rather than stay at home on weekends.
A. play B. to play C. playing
答案:B
解析:考查固定句型“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”,意为“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”,此处需用“to play”;“play”是动词原形,“playing”是-ing形式,均不符合该句型结构,故选B。
3. My father ______ living in the countryside because the air is fresh there.
A. prefers B. would like C. decides
答案:A
解析:考查“prefer doing sth.”,意为“更喜欢做某事”,符合句意“我爸爸更喜欢住在乡下,因为那里的空气清新”;“would like”后接“to do sth.”(想要做某事),“decides”后接“to do sth.”(决定做某事),均不符合此处“living”的用法,故选A。
考点14 waste的用法
①〔名词〕浪费;滥用
a waste of…浪费……
It's a waste of time to watch soap operas all day.整天看肥皂剧是浪费时间。
②〔动词〕浪费
waste time/ money on sth.在······上浪费时间/金钱
waste time(in) doing sth.浪费时间做某事
We shouldn't waste water.
我们不应该浪费水。
Too many students waste time on TV.
太多学生把时间浪费在电视上。
Don't waste your time playing computer games.别浪费你的时间玩电脑游戏。
◆考点突破
1. It's a ______ of money to buy such expensive clothes that you won't wear often.
A. waste B. use C. need
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“a waste of...”,意为“浪费……”,符合句意“买这么贵又不常穿的衣服是浪费钱”;“use”(使用)、“need”(需要)均无此搭配,故选A。
2. Don't ______ too much time playing mobile phones. You should study hard.
A. spend B. waste C. take
答案:B
解析:考查固定搭配“waste time (in) doing sth.”,意为“浪费时间做某事”,符合句意“别浪费太多时间玩手机,你应该努力学习”;“spend”需用“spend time doing sth.”(花费时间做某事),但此处强调“浪费”,语义不符;“take”常用“It takes sb. time to do sth.”句型,此处用法错误,故选B。
3. She often ______ her money on useless things, which makes her parents angry.
A. wastes B. saves C. uses
答案:A
解析:考查固定搭配“waste money on sth.”,意为“在……上浪费金钱”,结合句意“她经常在无用的东西上浪费钱,这让她的父母很生气”;“saves”(节省)、“uses”(使用)与句意不符,故选A。
语法知识点
频度副词的用法
一、定义与核心功能
定义:表示动作发生频率的副词,用来回答“how often”(多久一次)的提问。核心功能:明确动作发生的频繁程度,让句子表达更精准。
二、常见频度副词
1. always(100%,总是)
2. usually(80%,通常)
3. often(60%,经常)
4. sometimes(40%,有时)
5. seldom(20%,很少)
6. hardly ever(10%,几乎不)
7. never(0%,从不)
三、关键用法
1. 位置规则
放实义动词前:He often plays basketball.(他经常打篮球)。
放be动词/情态动词/助动词后:She is always happy.(她总是很开心);We can sometimes go hiking.(我们有时可以去徒步)。
2. 句式转换
否定句:在频度副词后加not(seldom/never本身表否定,无需加not)。例:He doesn’t often watch TV.(他不经常看电视)。
疑问句:将be动词/情态动词/助动词提到句首。例:Do you sometimes go to the cinema (你有时去看电影吗?)。
3. 注意事项
频度副词不能放在句子开头(sometimes可放句首,需用逗号隔开)。例:Sometimes, I read books in the evening.(有时我晚上看书)。
对频度副词提问用how often。例:He usually goes to school by bike. → How often does he go to school by bike (他多久骑自行车上学一次?)。
◆考点突破
1. My mother ______ cooks breakfast for me. I never go to school without eating it.
A. always B. seldom C. never
答案:A
解析:由“从不吃早饭就上学”可知,妈妈“总是”做早饭,always(总是)符合语境;seldom(很少)、never(从不)与句意矛盾,故选A。
2. He ______ plays computer games on weekdays because he has too much homework.
A. often B. hardly ever C. usually
答案:B
解析:由“作业太多”可知,工作日“几乎不”玩游戏,hardly ever(几乎不)符合语境;often(经常)、usually(通常)与句意不符,故选B。
3. ______ you ______ go swimming in summer
A. Do; sometimes B. Sometimes; do C. Often; do
答案:A
解析:疑问句需将助动词Do提到句首,频度副词sometimes放实义动词go前,符合语法规则,故选A(你夏天有时去游泳吗?)。
4. She is ______ late for class. Her teachers all like her.
A. always B. never C. often
答案:B
解析:由“老师都喜欢她”可知,她“从不”迟到,never(从不)符合语境;always(总是)、often(经常)与句意矛盾,故选B。
5. We ______ go to the library on weekends. It's a good place to read.
A. seldom B. never C. often
答案:C
解析:由“图书馆是读书的好地方”可知,周末“经常”去,often(经常)符合语境;seldom(很少)、never(从不)与句意不符,故选C。
6. Tom ______ gets up at 7 o'clock, but today he got up at 6:30.
A. usually B. hardly ever C. never
答案:A
解析:由“但今天6:30起床”可知,他“通常”7点起,usually(通常)符合语境;hardly ever(几乎不)、never(从不)与句意矛盾,故选A。
7. ______ your father ______ watch TV in the evening
A. Does; often B. Often; does C. Do; sometimes
答案:A
解析:主语your father是第三人称单数,助动词用Does,频度副词often放实义动词watch前,故选A(你爸爸晚上经常看电视吗?)。
8. They ______ walk to school because their home is far from the school.
A. always B. usually C. seldom
答案:C
解析:由“家离学校远”可知,他们“很少”步行上学,seldom(很少)符合语境;always(总是)、usually(通常)与句意不符,故选C。
9. The little girl ______ smiles at everyone. She is very friendly.
A. never B. sometimes C. always
答案:C
解析:由“很友好”可知,她“总是”对每个人微笑,always(总是)符合语境;never(从不)、sometimes(有时)语义不足,故选C。
10. I ______ eat fast food. It's not healthy.
A. often B. hardly ever C. usually
答案:B
解析:由“快餐不健康”可知,“几乎不”吃快餐,hardly ever(几乎不)符合语境;often(经常)、usually(通常)与句意矛盾,故选B。
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