(共25张PPT)
英语
第二部分 语法专题过关
类别三 句法
专题十二 动词的非谓语形式(非谓语动词)
目录
CONTENTS
2
考点解读
1
图解语法
01
图解语法
图解语法
02
考点解读
考点解读
动词不定式
一、动词不定式的构成
基本形式:to+动词原形。
否定形式:not+to+动词原形。
二、动词不定式的功能
功能 示例
作主
语 To do sports every day is useful.
每天做运动是有用的。
作表
语 My plan is to do sports every day.我的计划是每天做运动。
作宾
语 I want to do sports every day.我想每天做运动。
作宾
语补 足语 My teacher encourages me to do sports every day.我的老师鼓
励我每天做运动。
作状
语,表
目的、
结果等 She does sports every day to keep healthy.为了保持健康,她
每天做运动。
作定
语 There are many things to do every day.每天要做的事情有很
多。
功能 示例
三、使用动词不定式的注意事项
注意事项 示例
有些动
词后的不
定式省略
to 【巧学妙记】一感二听三让四观看
一感feel;二听hear,listen to;三让let,have,make;四观看notice,see,watch,look at
常见接
不定式作
宾语的动
词 want,wish,hope,decide,agree,manage,refuse,
plan,afford,expect,offer
常见省
略to的动
词不定式
结构 had better (not) do sth.
would rather do sth.
Why not do sth.?
常见接
不定式作
宾补的动
词 ask,tell,get,wish,want,like,teach,advise,
encourage,order,allow
注意事项 示例
四、动词不定式的几个重要句型
句型 示例
疑问词+动词
不定式 I don’t know what to do.=I don’t know what I
should do.我不知道应该做什么。
too…to… It’s too dark for him to see anything in the room.对他
来讲房间里面太暗了,什么也看不见。
think/find/make it+adj.+to do
sth. I think it important to spend time with friends.我觉得
和朋友待在一起挺重要的。
It is+adj.(+
of/for sb.)+to do
sth. It was hard for him to say goodbye.对他来讲说声再见
是很难的。
It takes
sb.some time to
do sth. It took them more than an hour to solve the problem.他
们花了一个多小时解决这个问题。
It’s time to do
sth. It’s time to clean up the house before our guests
arrive.是时候在客人来之前打扫干净房子了。
prefer to do
sth.rather than do
sth. I prefer to read a book rather than watch TV in my free
time.我有空时更愿意读书而不是看电视。
句型 示例
1. Why not (visit) Hunan Museum this weekend?
2. Mom told me not (answer) the phone while crossing the
street.
3. We should have a healthy diet and enough sleep (keep)
healthy.
4. Though Tom often made his little sister ,today he was
made by her.(cry)
visit
to answer
to keep
cry
to cry
5. (2024无锡改编)Oh,come on!Stop telling me what
(do).Mind your own business.
6. You’d better (drink) more water and get enough sleep these
days.
7. It’s important for us to face difficulties with a smile.(英译汉)
to
do
drink
对我们来说微笑面对困难是很重要的。
动词的-ing形式(课标仅作理解)
一、动词的-ing形式的构成
动词的-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词两种,由动词原形加-ing
构成。
二、动词的-ing形式的功能
功
能 意义 示例
作
主
语 表示一种经常
性、习惯性的
动作。作主语
时,谓语动词
用第三人称单
数形式 Jumping the rope is a kind of full-body exercise.跳
绳是一种全身运动。
作
宾
语 常作动宾或介
宾,表示一般
的习惯、抽象
的行为或经常
性的动作 I enjoy jumping the rope.我喜欢跳绳。(作动词宾
语)
I am good at jumping the rope.我擅长跳绳。(作介
词宾语)
作
表
语 用以说明主语
的内容。多数
情况下,动词
-ing作表语可
转换成作主语 My favorite sport is jumping the rope.我最喜欢的运
动是跳绳。
功
能 意义 示例
作
定
语 动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种用途、
所属关系等,置于被修饰词前;现在分词
作定语表示正在进行的动作,与其所修饰的名词在逻辑上是主谓关系 I will go to the reading room.我要去阅览室。The crying girl can’t find her mother.那个正在哭的女孩找不到她妈妈。
功
能 意义 示例
作
宾
补 现在分词作宾
补表示与被补
足的宾语之间
是主动关系,
或表示动作正
在进行 I saw him studying in the classroom.我看到他正在
教室里学习。
作
状
语 作状语时,其
逻辑主语就是
句子的主语 Studying hard,you will pass the exam.努力学习,
你就会通过考试。
功
能 意义 示例
三、后接动名词作宾语的常见动词(短语)或搭配
动词:advise/suggest建议;avoid避免;consider考虑;enjoy喜欢;finish
完成;imagine想象;keep坚持;mind介意;miss错过;stop停止;
practice练习;risk冒险;stand忍受
动词短语和搭配:feel like想要;succeed in成功;give up放弃;be busy
忙于;be good at擅长;be/get used to习惯;be worth值得;look forward
to期盼;can’t help禁不住
四、部分动词(短语)既可以接动名词,也可以接动词不定式,但是意思
有区别
remember remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没做)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
forget forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(还没做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
regret regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(还没做)
regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做)
try try to do sth.尽力做某事
try doing sth.试着做某事
go on go on to do sth.继续做某事(另一件事)
go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
stop stop to do sth.停下来去做某事(另一件事)
stop doing sth.停止做某事(同一件事)
mean mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
1. I remember (put) my key into my bag,but now it’s not
there!
2. English is difficult (learn) at the beginning.But if we
keep (try),we can make progress.
3. Many people enjoy (make) zongzi by themselves on the
Dragon Boat Festival.
4. (2024连云港改编) (keep) doing exercise every day is good
for our health.
5. I couldn’t help (laugh) when I got the offer from Hunan
University of Chinese Medicine.
putting
to learn
trying
making
Keeping
laughing
动词的-ed形式(课标仅作理解)
1. I was completely (move) by his warm words.
2. The book (write) by Mr.Wang is very interesting.
3. (follow) by his students,the teacher walked slowly on the
train station.
4. He has a Chinese name (call) Wang Aihua.
moved
written
Followed
called