/ 让学习更有效 期末备考培优 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语上册期末核心语法培优仁爱科普版
(2024)核心语法:定语从句
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
1.The student ________ the teacher considers a genius failed the final exam.
A.why B.whom C.whose D.which
2.President Xi warned that officers ________ failed to honestly report would be punished.
A.which B.what C.who D./
3.I will never forget the old days ___________ I spent with my grandmother in the village.
A.which B.when C.who D.whom
4.The village______I was born has changed a lot.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
5.I don't know the reason ________ he didn't agree to go with us.
A.when B.why C.which D.where
6.There are many volunteers _________ are helping the children in Sichuan.
A.which B.when C.who D.why
7.—What kind of movies do you like
— I prefer movies give me something to think about.
A.which B.who C.what D.when
8.The app "MAYI" encourages people to give away the clothes ________ they don't need to the poor.
A.what B.whom C.who D.that
9.The TV set _______ has gone wrong.
A.I bought it last week B.which I bought it last week
C.what I bought last week D.I bought last week
10.—The boy _______ lost is crying there.
—How do you know he gets lost
A.whose B.who C.who's
11.—Who was the student ____ was absent yesterday
—Mary was.
A.that B.who C.whom D.which
12.Being blind is something _________ most people can't imagine.
A.who B.what C.that
13.The boy ________ broke the window must pay for it.
A.where B.who C.why D.when
14. This is the best film ____ has been shown this year.
A.that B.which C.who
15.The place ________ they will visit is far away from here.
A.that B.who C.where D. when
16.Is this the factory ________ you visited the other day
A.that B.where C.in which D.the one
17.Not all children ____ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
18.—What kind of movies do you like
—I like movies ___________ can cheer me up.
A.who B.what C.how D.that
19.A friend is someone ___________ says, "What! You too I thought I was the only one!"
A.who B.which C.what D.whose
20.Do you know the man_______ saved five people in the fire
A.who B.it C.when D.whom
21.—Have you watched the TV play In the Name of People (《人民的名义》)?
—It's the most popular play our Party's trying to struggle against corruption. (腐败)
A.which shows B.who shows C.that shows
22.Shiyan is one of the best places _______________ people would like to visit.
A.that B.which C.where D.who
23.I like stories ________ have happy endings.
A.that B.who C.what D.whose
24.The residents, ___ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
A.all their homes B.all whose homes
C.all of whose homes D.all of their homes
25.39 people____________ were found dead in a truck in the UK on October 23rd, 2019, are all from Vietnam.
A.whose B.which C.whom D.who
26.This is the place ________ I met Mona for the first time.
A.which B.that C.where D.who
27. Do you know the man ____ is sitting behind Nancy
A.what B.which C.who D.whose
28.All the children like the teachers _____ can understand them.
A.who B.what C.those D.whom
29.To be a better man is the best soap opera ______ I have ever seen.
A.that B.where C.who
30.She is the girl ______________ invention got the first prize in the school.
A.who B.that C.which D.whose
31.He is the boy ______ likes playing basketball very much.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
32.Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places ___ you have never visited.
A.where B.which C.what D.who
33.Qian Xuesen passed away on October 31st, 2009 ________ the age of 98, but he is a man ________ still encourages Chinese youth,
A.at; who B.on; who C.on; which D.at; which
34.—Do you have anything______you want to say for yourself
—No, I have nothing to say.
A.that B.whose C.what D.who
35.Are you interested in the books ___________ are about animals
A.who B.whose C.that D.what
36.I lost all the money ____my father had given me.
A.that B.which C.whose
37.The red skirt ___________ my mother bought for me is made of cotton.
A.that B.when C.who D.whose
38.We're talking about the piano and the pianist ______________________ were in the concert we attended last night.
A.which B.whom C.who D.that
39. I was looking for the book ____ I borrowed yesterday.
A.who B.which C.what
40.When we look up a word in the dictionary, we must pay attention to the way ______ it is used.
A./ B.who C.what D.where
41. —Does Mr. Li know everybody ____ in the hall
—Yes, he does.
A.who is B.who are C.whom is D.which is
42. I can't find the book ____ my brother bought me.
A.which B.who C.when
43.On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire _______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world.
A.that B.who C.where
44.We'll never forget the heroes ____ bring people hope in difficult times.
A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
45.This is my favorite school I have studied for three years.
A.which B.who C.where
46. Is there anything _______to you ( )
A.that is belong B.that belong
C.that belongs D. which belongs
47.The last place we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.
A.where B.that C.when
48.The result is worse than we .
A.suppose B.were supposed C.supposed
49. He showed me the photos ____ he took at his graduation ceremony.
A.that B.who C.what
50.—I've been thinking about those questions you asked me last week.
—Oh, really Have you got any valuable idea
A.which B.who C.what D.why
51.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese ____won the Nobel Prize in science.
A.whom B.that C.who D.whose
52. — What can we do for the left-home children ____ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A.which B.who C.whom
53.The film we saw last night was fantastic.
A.that B.what C.who
54. It's wrong for the students to admire the stars ____ are just handsome without love.
A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
55. Bob was late for school again, ____ made his teacher angry.
A.this B.it C.which D.what
56.Eileen Gu ____ is an outstanding athlete (运动员) has become more and more popular around the world since the 24th Olympic Winter Games.
A./ B.who C.which D.what
57. The writer and his novels ____ you have just talked about are really famous.
A.which B.who C.that
58.—Why does the policeman wear a helmet_______ looks like COVID-19 virus?
—I think it's an unusual way to warn people to stay at home.
A.that B.who C.whose
59. I hate those ____ never give their seats to people in need.
A.which B.who C.they D.what
60.A friend is someone ______ says, “What! You too I thought I was the only one!”
A.who B.which C.what D.whose
61. —Could you tell me ____
—Yes, he's in the library.
A.where Henry is B.Who is Henry
C.How Henry is D.Which is Henry
62. My cousin used to be a postman ____ worked outside for twelve hours a day.
A.which B.whom C.who
63.—Have you got ready for the school basketball game
—Yes, I've done everything ________ I can to win the game.
A.which B.who C.that D.what
64.——Is the woman ________ walked past just now your teacher
——Yes. She teaches ________English.
A.that, our B.who, us C.who, our D.which, us
65.We should give love to the children ________ lost their parents in the earthquake(地震).
A.who B.whom C.those
66.A true friend is a person _________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.who B.what C.which
67.—What do you think of the book A Haw Tree written by a woman writer
—It reminds me of the days ________ I spent in the countryside.
A.when B.that C.who D.where
68.—Do you like National Treasure, the weekly TV show on CCTV
—Sure. It's a great culture TV show ________ has been very popular in China.
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
69.Guilin is a beautiful city is famous for its mountains and rivers.
A.who B.which C.when D.where
70.Du Fuguo is a hero ________ is known to millions of Chinese people.
A.who B.which C.what
71.We should remember those ________ lost their lives for our country.
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
72.The reason_______ I can't come is that I have to prepare for the exam
A.for B.because C.as D.why
73.— Could you tell me kind of movies you like best
— Umm…. I like the movies make me laugh.
A.what; which B.what; what
C.which; what D.which; where
74.The woman ________ bought a doll for me is my aunt.
A.who B.whose C.whom D.which
75.—Parents' love is deep and endless (无尽的). No matter where we go, the door of love will keep open for us.
—Their love is just like an umbrella protects us from wind or rain.
A.who B.which C.whom
76.Disney is an amusement park you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters.
A.which B.where C.that D.when
77.— Your devotion ____ worth any.
—Better than a critic ____ hasn't!
A.isn't; which B.doesn't; who
C.isn't; who D.doesn't; which
78.—What are they talking about
—The greatest inventions _______ have made a big difference to our daily life.
A.which B.who C.that
79.Tommy couldn't stop thinking about the boy ______________________ made him a fool in front of the whole class.
A.whom B.which C.what D.who
80.It's time to say goodbye to my school. I'll always remember the people ____have helped me.
A.who B.what C.which D.where
81.The course normally attracts 20 students per year, __________ up to half will be from overseas.
A.in which B.for whom C.with which D.of whom
82.Most of my classmates prefer loud music __________ they can dance to.
A.what B.who C.whom D.which
83.— Did you see the film “ The Founding of A Republic”
— Yes, I think it is the best film has been shown this year.
A.that B.what C.who D.when
84. The sentence "The river that runs through the city is very long." is a ____ sentence.
A.simple B.compound C.complex D.negative
85.—What are you doing
—We are talking about the books and writers ________ we like.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
86.—Do you know the girl ________ is interviewing President Xi
—Yes, she is a journalist from China Daily.
A.which B.whom C.whose D.who
87. There are 45 students in my class, most of ____ are from China.
A.them B.who C.whom D.which
88.—The weekend is coming. Do you have any plans
—Of course. I consider it a time ____ we can do something we like to relax after a week's study.
A.that B.which C.when
89.Zhang Hong, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber_________ has reached the top of Qomolangma.
A.who B.whose C.which
90.Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place we'll visit next week.
A.that B.who C.where D.whom
91.The TV play My Love From the Star is the only program ___________ I watched this month.
A.who B.that C.where D.when
92.The tourists ______ have been to Mount Huang lost ______ in the beautiful scenery there.
A./; them B.that; them
C.who; themselves D.which; themselves
93.—Do you know the man ___________ is standing beside your father
—Of course. He is my uncle.
A./ B.which C.who D.where
94. This is the first birthday gift____I received. I've kept it many years.
A.which B.that C.who
95.Theatres may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience _______________ people cannot get at home.
A.that B.who C.whom D.what
96. The woman astronaut ____ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang.
A.which B.whose C.who D.whom
97.Take the advice ________ is given by Dr. White.
A.who B.which C.whose
98.I still remember the college and the teachers _____I visited in London years ago.
A.which B.who C.that
99. -- Lily, what kind of museums do you like
-- I like museums ____ can provide visitors with free WiFi.
A.what B.that C.who
100.— At present young people prefer WeChat to keep in touch with their friends.
— Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication people like.
A.that B.which C.who D.what
参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】句意:那个被老师认为是天才的学生期末考试不及格。A:why关系副词,指原因,作状语;B:whom关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;C:whose关系代词,指人或物,在从句中作定语;D:which关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。 the teacher considers a genius 是限制性定语从句,先行词为"The student",指人,且在从句中作宾语,所以应用关系代词whom。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词whom引导的限制性定语从句。
2.C
【解析】句意:习主席警告不诚实上报的官员将被惩罚。考查定语从句。which先行词是物或事情,在定语从句中代替物或事情,做主语或宾语。 what不能引导定语从句;who在定语从句中代替人,做主语或宾语;这里先行词是officers,指的是人,定语从句用who来引导句子,who在从句中做主语。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意who引导的定语从句的用法。
3.A
【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记在乡村和我的祖母度过的那些天。这是一个定语从句,从句的先行词是the days,指物,在定语从句中又是作spent的宾语,所以应用关系词which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
4.C
【解析】句意:我出生的村庄已经改变了许多。定语从句中不缺主语和宾语,故用where引导定语从句,在句中作地点状语,故选C
【点评】定语从句的题目要注意判断从句是否缺主语或是宾语,最好的方法是将先行词带到定语从句中看是否语义通顺,符合语法,这是答题的关键点。
5.B
【解析】句意:我不知道他不同意和我们一起去的原因。定语从句中缺少状语,先行词是reason,故关系副词是why,表示原因,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系副词why的用法。
6.C
【解析】句意:有许多正在四川帮助孩子们的志愿者。结合语境可知本句先行词volunteers为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指人,故引导词用who,选C。
【点评】定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.
7.A
【解析】句意:—— 你喜欢哪种电影?——我更喜欢给我一些思考的电影。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句,A which,先行词是物,在定语从句中做主语和宾语;B who,先行词是人,在定语从句中做主语和宾语;C what,不引导定语从句;D when,先行词是时间,在定语从句中做状语。此句中先行词是movies,因此引导词用which,故选A。
【点评】考查关系代词。注意定语从句中引导词的用法区别。
8.D
【解析】句意:应用程序"MAYI"鼓励人们把他们不需要的衣服送给穷人。A.what什么;B.whom谁;C.who谁;D.that那个。根据句子结构分析可知此处为定语从句。 定语从句的先行词是"the clothes",在从句中作宾语。what不引导定语从句;whom作宾语,指代人;who作主语或宾语,指代人;that作主语或宾语,指代物。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,且指代物品。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句中代词的使用规则。
9.D
【解析】句意:我上周买的电视机坏了。此处为定语从句,修饰TV set,what不能引导定语从句,排除C,修饰物且作宾语时引导词用that或which,也可省略,不能再出现宾语it,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,识记定语从句引导词的用法。
10.C
【解析】句意:——迷路的这个男孩正在那里哭。——你怎么知道他迷路了?A.谁的,后面跟名词;B.谁;C.谁是。根据句意可知 _______ lost做boy的定语,是定语从句,先行词是boy,指人,所以用who,谓语是be lost,即is lost,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意平时识记,理解句意。
11.A
【解析】句意:——昨天旷课的那名学生是谁?——是玛丽。由句子结构可知,含有定语从句的复合句。从句的先行词student,学生,指人,在从句中做主语,要用关系代词that/who;主句是个特殊疑问句,主语用疑问词who,为了避免重复,关系代词不能用who,只能用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系代词that的用法。注意当主句的主语用疑问词who时,关系代词要用that,不用who。
12.C
【解析】句意:眼睛看不见是大部分人难以想象的。这是一个定语从句,先行词是something,只能用that引导定语从句,故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系词的选择,先行词是不定代词的时候只能用that。
13.B
【解析】这题考查定语从句的用法:先行词是人时,定语从句用who或that引导,句意是:打坏窗户的男孩必须要为此付钱。选B。
【点评】考查语法,要注意平时积累。
14.A
【解析】句意:这是今年上映的最佳电影。A引导定语从句,修饰物,B引导定语从句,修饰物,C引导定语从句,修饰人,先行词是film,指代物,先行词被最高级best修饰,故用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意先行词被最高级best修饰用that的用法。
15.A
【解析】句意:他们将要游览的地方离这儿很远。the place 地方,先行词,由that或which引导定语从句,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
16.A
【解析】句意:这是你前几天参观的工厂吗?定语从句中缺少visit的宾语,先行词是factory,指代物,故关系代词是that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意关系代词that的用法。
17.C
【解析】句意:并非所有观看这段视频的孩子都会成为科学家,但有些孩子可能会对科学感兴趣。A 谁,指代人,充当宾语;B 哪个,指代物;C 谁,指代人,充当主语;D 谁的,指代ren;此句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是children,人,不定代词要用who或that,在句中做主语,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句的引导词,注意辨别引导词的词义和用法。
18.D
【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我喜欢能让我振作起来的电影。定语从句中缺少主语,先行词movies,指代物,故关系代词是that,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句和关系代词,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
19.A
【解析】句意:朋友就是说:“什么!你也?我还以为只有我一个呢!”这样的一个人。分析句子结构知,本句是含有定语从句的主从复合句,先行词someone指人,应用关系代词who/ that引导定语从句。故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句不同关系代词的用法。
20.A
【解析】句意:你知道那个在大火中救了五个人的人吗?定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指认又可指物。根据先行词是man,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的用法。
21.C
【解析】句意:——你看过电视剧《人民的名义》么?——它是最受欢迎的电视剧,它展示了我们党正努力和腐败做斗争。定语从句中,which引导的从句的先行词是物,that的先行词可以是人或物,who引导的先行词是人,根据本句的先行词play是事物,且前面有最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that。故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句的引导词的用法。
22.A
【解析】句意:十堰是人们最想去的地方之一。根据"______people would like to visit在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词是places 指物,在定语从句中作宾语,且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰,因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句,不能用which,故选A。
【点评】考查引导词辨析。注意引导词的意义和用法。
23.A
【解析】句意:我喜欢结局圆满的故事。根据句子结构可知这里是定语从句的连接词,what不引导定语从句,排除;that引导的从句先行词既可以是人也可以是物,在从句中做主语或宾语;who引导的从句的先行词为人,在从句中做主语或宾语;whose引导的从句的先行词可以是人或物,在从句中做定义;这里先行词stories是物,在从句中做主语,that符合题意,故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记that引导的定语从句的用法。
24.C
【解析】句意:这些居民的房屋都被洪水破坏了,他们得到了红十字会的帮助。"……had been damaged by the flood,"是非限定定语从句,需要引导词,排除选项AD,固定搭配all of,所有的,all of whose homes,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。了解非限定定语从句的结构以及用法。
25.D
【解析】句意:2019年10月23日,英国一辆卡车上发现39名遇难者,他们都来自越南。此句是定语从句,先行词是39 people ,是人,所以用who引导,故选D。
【点评】考查从句引导词的辨析。注意选项的意思和用法。
26.C
【解析】句意:这是我第一次遇见Mona的地方。先行词是the place,指地点,关系副词用where,故选C。
【点评】考查where引导的定语从句。
27.C
【解析】句意:你认识坐在Nancy后面的那个人吗 本句先行词是man,男人,主语是人,引导词用who或whom,分析句子可知,先行词在从句中作主语,用who。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意引导词的区分与运用。
28.A
【解析】those和what不能做关系代词,whom做从句宾语。本句先行词指人,并且做从句主语,用who.,故选A。
29.A
【解析】句意:《好先生》是我看过的最好的连续剧。Soap opera是先行词,后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词the soap opera指事物,关系词用that、which。故选A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句。以及that、where、who三个关系代词的用法和区别。
30.D
【解析】句意:她是那个发明获得学校一等奖的女孩。句子是定语从句,先行词指的是人时,关系词用who/that/whom;先行词指的是物时,关系词用which/that。whose谁的,后面接名词。invention发明,名词,所以用whose,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意平时识记先行词和关系词的用法。
31.B
【解析】句意:他是那个非常喜欢打篮球的男孩。修饰先行词the boy的定语从句,缺少主语,故用代词who,故选B。
32.B
【解析】句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where在定语从句中作状语,故排除A;what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句引导词的选择,which的先行词为指物的词。
33.A
【解析】句意:钱学森于2009年的10月31号去世,享年98岁,但他是一个仍然激励着中国年轻一代的人。第一个设空处考查固定短语“在…岁时”为at the age of; 第二个设空处考查定语从句的关系代词,由于先行词man指人,且定语从句缺少主语,所以用关系代词who,故答案为A。
【点评】时间介词; 关系代词。
34.A
【解析】句意:——你有什么想为自己说的吗 ——不,我没什么可说的。这里根据句意可知句子you want to say for yourself是anything的定语从句,表示你想对自己说的……,主句Do you have anything结构完整,当先行词是指物的不定代词anything时,只能用that引导从句,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意掌握that, which, who引导限制性定语从句时的用法区别。
35.C
【解析】句意:你对关于动物的书感兴趣吗?定语从句中缺少主语,先行词是books,指代物,故关系代词是,that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
36.A
【解析】句意:我把父亲给我的钱全丢了。空处引导定语从句,先行词money,指物,且先行词有all修饰,需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意熟记只能使用that不能使用which引导宾语从句的情况。
37.A
【解析】句意:我妈妈给我买的红色裙子是棉的。定语从句中缺少宾语,先行词skirt,指代物,故关系代词是that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
38.D
【解析】句意:我们在谈论昨晚我们参加音乐会的钢琴和钢琴家。 本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句。which关系代词,指物,在从句中可作主语或宾语;whom关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;who关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语,在非正式英语中,也可作宾语。关系代词that,没有词义,指代人或物,先行词为 the piano and the pianist钢琴和钢琴家,既有表示物的名词又有表示人的名词,定语从句缺主语,要用that引导,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系代词的选择。注意理解which,whom,who,that词义及用法,掌握定语从句中先行词同时指人和物时,在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,要用关系词that。
39.B
【解析】句意:我正在找我昨天借的那本书。在这个句子中,"____ I borrowed yesterday"是一个定语从句,用来修饰先行词"the book"。在定语从句中,我们需要选择一个关系代词来引导从句并代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。A选项"who"是一个关系代词,通常用于指代人。但在这个句子中,先行词是"the book",是一个物,所以"who"不合适。B选项"which"是一个关系代词,可以用于指代物,并在从句中作宾语。在这个句子中,"which"指代"the book"并在从句中作"borrowed"的宾语,所以"which"是正确的选择。C选项"what"通常用于引导名词性从句,而不是定语从句。在这个句子中,我们需要的是一个关系代词来引导定语从句,因此"what"不合适。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意判断定语从句引导词的方法。
40.A
【解析】句意:当我们在字典里查找一个单词的时候,我们必须要留意它的使用方法。在way之后关系代词可以省略。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
41.A
【解析】句意:——李先生认识大厅里的每个人吗?——是的,他认识。分析句子成分可知,此处考查定语从句,everybody"每个人",为引导词,且在从句中作主语,连接词要用who,不定代词作主语时句子谓语动词要用单数,要用is,故选A。
【点评】考查复合从句,注意定语从句的结构与用法。
42.A
【解析】句意:我找不到我哥哥给我买的那本书。A:哪个,B:谁,C:什么时候,定语从句先行词是book,根据my brother bought me,可知buy sb sth给某人买某物,故从句中缺少宾语,指代物用which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记which指代物作宾语的用法。
43.A
【解析】句意:在2019年4月15日,周一巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。定语从句的先行词是物时,关系词用that/which,先行词是人时,关系词是who;先行词是地点时,关系词用where。先行词是fire,指物,作主语,关系代词用which/that,故答案选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意根据先行词确定关系词。
44.D
【解析】句意:我们永远不会忘记在困难时期给人们带来希望的英雄们。A:哪一个(指代事物,作主语/宾语);B:谁(指代人,作宾语);C:谁的(后接名词,作主语/宾语); D:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语)。根据先行词 the heroes英雄们,可知指代人,在从句中作主语,可知关系词应用who。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记根据先行词,选择正确的关系代词。
45.C
【解析】句意:这是我最喜爱的学校,我在里面学习了三年。考查定语从句。which关系代词,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who是关系代词,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;where先行词为表示地点的名词,关系副词,在从句中作状语。根据句子结构可知,该空引导的是定语从句,先行词是school,且从句中缺少状语,应用where引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句中先行词的用法。
46.C
【解析】句意:有什么属于你的东西吗 定语从句的先行词是不定代词时,关系词只能用that。sth belongs to sb,某物属干某人,是一个固定结构. 故选C.
47.B
【解析】句意:我们参观的上一个地方是潮汕民俗博物馆。where关系副词,指代地点;that关系代词,指代人或物;when关系副词,指代时间。定语从句从横线开始,到visited结束,先行词是place,在从句中做宾语,所以用关系代词that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意根据先行词确定关系词。
48.B
【解析】句意:这个结果比我们想象的还要糟糕。A.suppose认为,B.were supposed认为,C.supposed认为。根据than在此做了关系代词,主系表结构,因此用were supposed,故选B。
【点评】考查了短语,注意,认为某事,be supposed sth。
49.A
【解析】句意:他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。A.that这个;B.who谁;C.what什么,引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。根据句子结构分析可知此处应为定语从句,定语从句缺少引导词,此处先行词是the photos(照片),为物品,指代物品的引导词用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句中引导词的使用。
50.A
【解析】句意:—我一直在思考那些你上周问的那些问题。—哦,真的吗?你有任何宝贵的意见吗?which引导定语从句,作主语或宾语,修饰事物。who引导定语从句,作主语,修饰人;what位于名词性从句中做主语,宾语,表语,表示事物;why引导定语从句,作状语,修饰表示原因的名词。先行词questions表示事,故用代词which引导定语从句,故选A。
【点评】此题考查定语从句的用法。
51.B
【解析】句意:屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国人。分析题干的句式结构可知won the Nobel Prize in science在复合中作定语从句,先行词Chinese被序数词the first来修饰,关系代词只能用that,故答案为B。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系词。注意who与that的区别。
52.B
【解析】句意:——我们能为那些需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么?——我们可以在周末在线帮助他们学习。which哪个,先行词通常是事物; who谁,先行词是人; whom谁,先行词是人,作宾语。先行词left-home children"留守儿童",且作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。分析引导词的用法,掌握定语从句的知识点,找到关键词,选择正确答案。
53.A
【解析】句意: 我们昨晚看的电影太棒了。 分析句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是物,连接词在从句中作宾语,所以需要that/which;what不能连接定语从句;who引导定语从句先行词必须是人,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词的辨析。注意定语从句中连接词使用的原则,根据语境选择正确的连接词。
54.D
【解析】句意:学生们崇拜那些仅仅漂亮却没有爱的明星是不对的。A which定语从句中,先行词是物;B whom定语从句中,先行词是人,且在句中做宾语;C whose谁的,在从句中作定语;D who定语从句中,先行词是人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是stars,指的是明星,指人,且在定语从句中充当主语,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句中引导词的用法。
55.C
【解析】句意:鲍勃上学又迟到了,这让老师很生气。A这,B它,C哪个,D什么,句子是非限制性定语从句,用which引导,故选C。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句。注意定语从句的引导词。
56.B
【解析】句意:谷爱玲作为一名优秀的运动员,自第24届冬季奥运会以来,在世界各地越来越受欢迎。A作宾语,省略,B引导定语从句,指代人,C引导定语从句,指代物,D引导宾语从句指代物,根据Eileen Gu是人,根据is an outstanding athlete,可知从句缺少主语,故用who引导定语从句,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记who指代人的用法。
57.C
【解析】句意:你们刚才谈论的这名导演和他的电影真的很受欢迎。结合语句The writer and his novels…you have just talked about are really famous. 可知,此句是定语从句,先行词既有人又有物,关系词在从句中作宾语,要用引导词that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意引导词that的用法。
58.A
【解析】句意:——为什么警察戴着看起来像COVID-19病毒的头盔 ——我认为这种警告人们呆在家里的方式很不寻常。根据"looks like COVID-19 virus",可知此定语从句修饰物,先行词就是helmet,故选用的关系代词应该指物,用which 或that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句先行词的用法。
59.B
【解析】句意:我讨厌那些从不给有需要的人让座的人。根据句子结构可知这里是缺少定语从句的连接词。排除CD选项,which引导的从句的先行词表示物的名词或代词;who引导的从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。根据句意可知这里whose指代的是人,所以用who,故答案为B。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记who引导的定语从句的用法。
60.A
【解析】句意:朋友就是那个对你说“什么 你也这样 我以为只有我才这样!”的人。根据句子成分可知, 本句中先行词someone为下文定语从句的逻辑主语, 指人, 故引导词用who, 选A。
【点评】关系代词。
61.A
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我亨利在哪里吗 ——是的,他在图书馆。A.where Henry isHenry在哪里?B.Who is Henry?Henry是谁?C.How Henry is?Henry怎么样?D.Which is Henry?哪一个是Henry?根据答句中的"he's in the library"可知,此处应是询问地点,回答时应用where作连接词。故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句的引导词。注意根据答句确定引导词。
62.C
【解析】句意:我的表兄过去是一名邮递员,他每天在外面工作十二个小时。A引导定语从句,指代物,B引导定语从句指代人作宾语,C引导定语从句指代人作主语,postman是先行词,从句中缺少主语,故用who指代人o,故选C。
【点评】考查who引导的定语从句,注意认真阅读题目和选项,确保理解题目的要求和每个选项的含义。
63.C
【解析】句意:——你准备好参加学校的篮球赛了吗?——是的,为了赢得比赛我已经尽我所能。A.which定语从句关系词,先行词是物;B.who定语从句关系词,先行词是人;C.Dthat定语从句关系词,先行词是人或物;D.what不能引导定语从句,everything是不定代词,关系词只能用that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句关系词只能用that不能用which的几种情况。
64.B
【解析】句意:刚刚经过的那个女人是你的老师吗?是的,她教我们英语。第一空定语从句,引导词指人作主语,用who,teach后接宾语,故用宾格形式,故选B
【点评】定语从句是每年中考的必考语法点。定语从句的解题把握好基本的概念及关系代词关系副词分别指的人或物时所对应的不同的用法。对于关系代词还是关系副词的选择,则要看定语从句中如果缺少主语、宾语就用关系代词,既不缺主语也不全宾语则用关系副词作状语。
65.A
【解析】句意:我们应该给那些在地震中失去父母的孩子们关爱。根据语法知识,在名词children“孩子们”后面使用定语从句,同时,在此定语从句中缺少主语,因此使用关系代词who,故答案为:A.
【点评】定语从句是中考难点,学生因为对复合句缺乏理解和分析,导致在关系代词和副词之间难以界定,需要积累和操练。定语从句的解题技巧是,首先看到名词children,结合选项who,whom等词汇的出现,可知此题是定语从句,然后判断定语从句lost缺少主语,可知关系词应该使用关系代词,而children为人,关系代词既可以是who也可以是that.
66.A
【解析】句意:真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。本句中先行词 person为下文定语从句的逻辑主语, 且指人, 所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who, 故选A。
【点评】关系代词
67.B
【解析】先行词指物且在从句中做宾语的时候使用关系代词that/which,先行词是the days,从句中I spent后缺少宾语,故用关系代词,故选B。
【点评】此题考查定语从句的引导词。
68.C
【解析】句意:——你喜欢中央电视台的每周电视节目《国家宝藏》吗?——当然。这是一部很棒的文化电视剧,在中国很受欢迎。该句为定语从句,先行词show是物,关系代词用that或which,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记定语从句的用法。
69.B
【解析】句意:桂林是一座美丽的城,因它的山和水而出名。 A.who谁,指人; B.which哪一个,指物在句中作主语和宾语; C.when 什么时候,指时间在句中做状语;D. where 在哪里,指地点在句中作状语。题中先行词 a beautiful city,物,引导词在定语从句中做主语,应用which,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句引导词,应注意疑问词的意思及用法。
70.A
【解析】句意:杜富国是数百万中国人民都知道的英雄。定语从句,先行词是a hero,指人,用who,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意根据先行词判断关系词的用法。
71.A
【解析】句意:我们应该记住那些为国捐躯的人。who谁,先行词为人,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语;whom谁,先行词为人,在句中充当宾语;which哪一个,先行词为物,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语;what不能引导定语从句。根据先行词those"那些(为国捐躯的)"指人 … ,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who来引导。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意熟记who引导的定语从句,先行词应为人,关系词可在句中充当主语、宾语和表语。
72.D
【解析】句意:我不能来的原因是我必须准备考试。
why,为什么,
关系副词,引导定语从句在中作原因状语,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意 the reasonwhy 引导从句的用法。
73.A
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我你最喜欢哪一类电影吗?——嗯……我喜欢让我笑的电影。根据... kind of movies,可知此处用what kind,表示什么种类;the movies后用定语从句作后置定语,先行词the movies指物, 此处用which引导定语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句和定语从句,注意引导词what和which的用法。
74.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:给我买了一个洋娃娃的那位妇女是我阿姨。先行词woman表人,在定语从句中作主语,可用关系代词who代替。所以选A。
75.B
【解析】句意:——父母的爱是深沉而无尽的。无论我们走到哪里,爱的大门都会为我们敞开。——他们的爱就像一把伞,保护我们不受风雨侵袭。A: who,在定语从句中做主语,指人;B: which,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,指物物;C: whom,在定语从句中做宾语,指人;该定语从句修饰umbrella,是物,应用which引导,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记定语从句的用法。
76.B
【解析】句意:迪士尼是一个娱乐公园,那里你可以发现一切常规景点,还有迪士尼电影和里面的人物。定语从句修饰先行词park,在从句中作地点状语,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。
77.B
【解析】句意:——你的付出毫无价值。——总比一个什么都不做的批评家好。第一个句子,句子时态是一般现在时,主语是不可数名词,worth价值,行为动词,否定结构借助于助动词doesn't;第二个句子是含有定语从句的主从复合句,此处缺少关系词,从句的先行词critic,批评家,指人,关系词用who或that引导,故选B。
【点评】此题考查陈述句的否定结构和定语从句。注意否定句中助动词的使用和定语从句的关系词的使用。
78.C
【解析】句意:——他们在说什么?——最伟大的发明对我们的日常生活产生了巨大的影响。A.which先行词指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或定语;B. who先行词指人,在从句中作主语;C.that先行词指人或物,在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。结合题干可知先行词“inventions”指物,且在从句中作主语,先行词前有形容词最高级“the greatest”修饰,关系词不能用which只能用that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句中关系代词的选择方法。
79.D
【解析】句意:汤米忍不住想起那个在全班面前把他当傻瓜的男孩。本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句。whom关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;which关系代词,指物,在从句中可作主语或宾语;what不能用作定语从句的关系词;who关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语,在非正式英语中,也可作宾语。句中的先行词the boy,男孩,指代人,在定语从句...made him a fool in front of the whole class中充当主语, 故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句中关系代词的选择。注意理解whom,which,what,who词义及用法,掌握定语从句中先行词指人,充当主语用who,充当宾语用whom,指代物,要用which。
80.A
【解析】句意:到时间与我的学校说再见了。我会一直记着这里曾经帮助过我的人。分析:考查定语从句,先行词为the people,先行词在从句中做主语,因此用引导词who.故选 A
【点评】 考查定语从句的用法。
81.D
【解析】句意:该课程通常每年吸引20名学生,其中多达一半来自海外。half of+宾语,其中的一半,定语从句先行词是students,介词+whom引导定语从句,whom指代students做宾语,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记half of+宾语,介词+whom引导定语从句的用法。
82.D
【解析】句意“大部分同学更喜欢他们能够跟着跳舞的声音很大的音乐”。根据“n/pron____句子”可知,用定语从句。先行词为loud music,指物,在从中做宾语。A.定语从句中,关系代词没有what;B.who,指人,在从句中做主语和宾语;C.whom指人,在从句中做宾语;D.which指物,在从句中做主语和宾语。故答案选D。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词的选择。
83.A
【解析】句意:—你看过电影《建国大业》吗?—是的,我认为这部电影是今年上映的最好的一部电影。此题考查定语从句,因为先行词是film,且前面有最高级修饰,故用that。根据句意,应选A。
84.C
【解析】句意:"流经城市的河流很长。"这句话是一个复合的句子。 A. 简单句;B.并列句;C. 复合句;D. 否定句 。根据 The river that runs through the city is very long. 包含一个定语从句"that runs through the city"(流经城市的) ,可知句子为复合句。故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构。注意熟记简单句(simple sentence)只有一个主谓结构;并列句(compound sentence)由并列连词连接两个主句;复合句(complex sentence)包含一个主句和至少一个从句;否定句(negative sentence)含有否定词(如not) 。
85.B
【解析】句意:——你们在做什么?——我们在谈论我们喜欢的书和作家。定语从句的先行词是“books and writers”,既有物又有人,关系代词只能用that,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的基本结构。注意引导词that的特殊用法。
86.D
【解析】句意:——你认识正在采访习主席的那个女孩吗?——是的,她是《中国日报》的记者。定语从句中先行词指的是物,关系词用which;先行词指的是人,做主语时关系词用who,作宾语时关系词用whom;后面有名词时用whose。girl女孩,指的是人,并且在句中做主语,所以用who,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先识记关系词区别,然后根据先行词确定关系词。
87.C
【解析】句意:我们班有45名学生,他们中的大多数来自中国。them他们,宾格代词;who,疑问代词,引导定语从句;whom引导定语从句,作为动词或介词的宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,which
在定语从句中主要用于指代物或整个主句,分为限制性和非限制性两种形式 。most of ____ are from China是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词students,在定语从句中作作介词of的宾语,表示"他们中的大多数",应用关系代词whom,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
88.C
【解析】句意:——周末就要到了。你有什么计划吗?——当然。我认为这是我们在学习一周后可以做一些我们喜欢放松的事情的时候。句子是定语从句,that用来指人或物,在定语从句中作主语和宾语,也可以作表语。which用来指物,在定语从句中作主语和宾语。When指代时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。句中先行词是a time,关系词在从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意掌握定语从句的引导词。
89.A
【解析】句意:中国人张宏是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲盲人登山者。定语从句中先行词是人,关系词用who;先行词是物,关系词用which;whose后面用名词。先行词climber指的是人,所以用who,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意根据先行词确定关系词。
90.A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that。故选A。
91.B
【解析】句意:电视剧《来自星星的你》是这个月我唯一看过的节目。先行词前有the only修饰,关系代词用that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句关系代词的特殊用法。如果能记住用法,可以直接选出答案。
92.C
【解析】句意:去黄山的游客在那里沉浸在美丽的风景中。第一空是定语从句,先行词是tourists,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,用who引导;第二空是短语:lose oneself in沉浸在……中; 陶醉于…,故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句的引导词和代词辨析,掌握定语从句的基本规律和固定短语。
93.C
【解析】句意:——你知道站在你父亲旁边的那个人吗?——当然。他是我叔叔。定语从句中缺少主语,先行词是man,故指代人,关系代词是who,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意关系代词who用法。
94.B
【解析】句意:这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我保存了很多年了。A.which关系代词,作主语和宾语,指物;B.that关系代词,作主语或宾语,指人或物;C.what,不用于定语从句中。根据句子语境"This is the first birthday gift...I received"可知,句子为定语从句,"gift"为先行词,先行词属于物时,关系代词用that或which,但是当先行词被序数词修饰时,只用that不用which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意识记定语从句中关系代词的使用原则。
95.A
【解析】句意:如果剧院能提供人们在家里无法获得的电影体验,那么它们的未来可能会更光明。 that 关系代词,指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句;根据a movie experience ,可知先行词为experience,是事物,所以用关系代词that.故选A。
【点评】考查从句引导词,注意根据先行词来判断引导词。
96.C
【解析】句意:在太空中给我们上课的女宇航员是刘洋。先行词是astronaut,在定语从句中做主语。指代人做主语,关系代词用who,which指代物,whose,谁的,做定语,whom指代人,做定语,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记who的用法。
97.B
【解析】句意:介绍怀特博士给的建议吧!本句中先行词the advice为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which,结合所给选项,可知选B。
【点评】定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.
98.C
【解析】句意:我仍然记得多年前我在伦敦访问那所大学和老师。这是定语从句先行词 the college and the teachers即有人又有物,所以用that引导。which只指物;who只指人,故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词的选择。定语从句的引导词也叫关系词,关系词的判断依据有两点:1.先行词;2.关系词在从句中的功能。先行词指人时,关系词用who/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,充当宾语时可用whom,也可以省略;先行词指物时关系词用which/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。
99.B
【解析】句意:一莉莉,你喜欢哪种博物馆 一我喜欢能够给游客提供免费无线网的博物馆。含有定语从句的复合句,如果先行词指人,用who(作主语或宾语),whom(作宾语)作为关系词;如果先行词指事物,用that、which作为关系词。本题中先行词museums指事物,关系词用that、which。故选B。
100.A
【解析】句意:——现在年轻人更喜欢用微信来和朋友保持联系。——是的。这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的通讯方式。根据“It seems to be the best way of communication……people like”可知“……people like”是定语从句,修饰先行词way,是物。that引导定语从句,先行词是物;who引导定语从句,先行词是人;what引导名词性从句,不引导定语从句;which引导定语从句,先行词是物。当先行词是物,前有最高级修饰时,引导词用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的结构“先行词+引导词+从句”,注意当先行词是物且被形容词最高级修饰时,引导词用that不用which。
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