2026年中考英语（湖南）专题复习重难题型攻关 第1讲　阅读选择课件(共62张PPT)

(共62张PPT)
阅读选择
01
近年考情概览
02
中考真题剖析
03
真题巩固训练
01
近年考情概览
近两年湖南中考英语阅读选择考情概览
卷别 语篇 词数 语篇类型 语篇主题 语篇话题 考点分布
2025湖南卷 A 133 应用文(广告) 人与自我& 人与社会 三个俱乐部活动 细节理解(2)
★文章出处(1)
B 283 记叙文 人与社会 学会互相理解与 包容的故事 细节理解(2)
词义猜测(1)
写作意图(1)
C 260 说明文 人与自然 昆虫如何使用工具 ★开篇方式(1)
细节理解(2)
主旨大意(1)
2024湖南卷 A 85 应用文(广告) 人与社会 社区志愿者招募 细节理解(3)
B 257 说明文 人与自然 海豚的介绍 细节理解(2)
推理判断(1)
★文章出处(1)
C 262 说明文 人与自我 耳机使用的利与弊 细节理解(1)
词义猜测(1)
写作意图(1)
02
中考真题剖析
真题再现
A[2025湖南]
(A )1.Who will teach students to cook A．Ramona Kaiser. B．Jason Smith. C．William White. 解题剖析
1．细节理解题。根据“Young Cooks”部分“Ramona Kaiser will teach you how to cook tasty food safely.”一句可知，Ramona Kaiser会教学生烹饪。故选A。
(B )2.What is a must for students to join Biking Club A. Biking skills. B．A health report. C．A safety guide. 2．细节理解题。在“Biking Club”部分的介绍中，明确强调“Your health report is a MUST”，因此健康报告是必须提供的。故选B。
(B )3.Where can we read the text most probably A.In a primary school. B.In a middle school. C.In a university. 3．文章出处题。关键线索有三处：烹饪课程限定年龄12～14岁；自行车俱乐部明确标注“For 9th graders(over 14)”；科学实验活动提到“get prepared for your new life in high school”。三处均对应初中阶段，因此最可能出现在中学的宣传材料中。故选B。
B[2025湖南]
The Tan family, from Hunan, was new to the block and Mrs.Tan loved to cook. Her family enjoyed her stinky tofu(臭豆腐), so she cooked it twice a week.
One afternoon, they heard a knock on the door. It was from the community workers. They had received a complaint(投诉) from the Tans' neighbors, the Lees, about the smell of the stinky tofu.
Mrs.Tan said sorry and decided that she would close the kitchen window the next time. That was what she did the following week. However, the community worker came to them again for the same problem. “I have closed the kitchen windows！” she said in anger. “Actually, I can't stand the Lees' habit of eating durians(榴莲). The smell of the durians is too strong for us！”
The community worker then decided to call for a meeting with the two families. At the beginning, both Mrs.Tan and Mrs.Lee had a scowl on the faces. They even didn't look at each other. The community worker explained the disagreement. He suggested that the Tans eat stinky tofu twice a month. Similarly, the Lees should try to eat durians once every two weeks. Mrs.Tan agreed and even invited Mrs.Lee to taste her stinky tofu.
After a month, the community worker met up with both families to see if there was any progress. Mrs.Lee was full of praise, “Your tofu tastes so good! You are a good cook, Mrs.Tan! Shall I bring some durians for you next time You might love them！” “Perhaps，” said Mrs.Tan politely. From then on, they learnt to accept their likes and dislikes.
(B )4.How often did Mrs.Tan cook stinky tofu before the complaint A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Twice a month. 4.细节理解题。本题询问投诉前Mrs.Tan制作臭豆腐的频率。根据文章第一段第二句中“so she cooked it twice a week.”可知，答案是每周两次。故选B。
(B )5.What do the underlined words “a scowl” in Paragraph 4 mean A．A shy look. B．An angry look. C．A satisfied look. 5．词义猜测题。本题要求根据上下文推测画线词汇的含义。在会议开始时，双方“had a scowl on the faces”并且“even didn't look at each other”，结合前文因气味问题产生矛盾冲突的背景，可以推断出双方当时是生气、不悦的，因此“a scowl”意为“生气的表情”。故选B。
(C )6.Why did the community worker meet the two families after a month A.To explain the disagreement. B.To give some suggestions. C.To learn about the progress. 6．细节理解题。本题询问社区工作者一个月后再次会见两个家庭的原因。文章最后一段开头明确指出“to see if there was any progress.”即“了解是否有任何进展”。故选C。
(A )7.What is the writer's main purpose in writing the text A.To show the importance of understanding. B.To praise the friendly community workers. C.To introduce how to make tasty stinky tofu. 7．写作意图题。本题要求判断作者的写作目的。全文讲述了两个家庭因饮食习惯不同产生矛盾，在社区工作者的协调下，通过沟通和尝试理解对方，最终化解矛盾并学会接纳彼此的故事。故事的核心在于展现了“相互理解”的重要性，而非赞扬社区工作者或介绍美食的制作方法。文章结尾句“From then on, they learnt to accept their likes and dislikes”也直接点明了这一写作意图。故选A。
解题步骤
Step 1 快读全文，把握主旨
快速浏览文章(按意群扫视，避免逐词阅读)，关注文章首尾段、各段首尾句及逻辑连接词，了解文章大意、主题与整体结构，形成对文章的初步整体认知。
Step 2 审清题干与选项，圈划关键词
仔细阅读题干，明确问题核心；圈出题干和选项中的关键信息(如：特殊疑问词，人名、地名等专有名词，核心动词、形容词、副词等)，为后续定位原文做准备。
Step 3 依据关键词，定位原文信息区
结合 “题目顺序与文章内容顺序大体一致” 的规律，根据圈划的关键词，快速在原文中锁定相关信息所在的段落或句子，并仔细研读该区域的内容。
Step 4 对比分析原文与选项，确定答案
将原文定位到的信息与各选项逐一比对，结合上下文语境、逻辑关系等，判断选项是否与原文表意一致(包括同义转述、直接对应等情况)，同时警惕 “偷换概念、范围错误、逻辑矛盾” 等陷阱，从而筛选出正确答案。
Step 5 复读全文，验证答案
将所选答案代入语境，快速复读全文，检查逻辑是否连贯、与文章主旨是否一致，确保答案准确无误。
03
真题巩固训练
一、图表阅读
(一)[2024湖南]
COMMUNITY NOTICEBOARD
Volunteers Needed
Library Helpers Wanted
Book lovers read stories to children every Sunday in July. Please fill in a form online. For more information, visit the website www.hnlibrary.com.
Help for Old People
Help at the old people's home. Dance or sing well. Free in September. E mail Anna at hnzk@.
Cleaners and Gardeners
Volunteers are needed for cleaning and gardening at Rose Garden. Good at taking care of plants. Work from 7 a．m. to noon on August 5th and 6th.
Call Mr.Walker at 555 5694.
( )1.How can you get more information to volunteer in the library
A．Visit its website.
B．E mail Anna.
C．Call Mr.Walker.
A
( )2.Where can volunteers help in September
A．In the library.
B．At Rose Garden.
C．At the old people's home.
C
( )3.What should you be good at if you want to volunteer at Rose Garden
A．Reading stories.
B．Dancing and singing.
C．Taking care of plants.
C
(二)[2025长沙]
E MAIL
From：Adam Smith (adamboss@e )
To：Kate Miller (katelia@e )
Re：Shh…
Date：June 11, 2025S
Hi Kate，
We have to start planning for Betty's surprise party. It's about a month away! I started a list and just gave people jobs. Please feel free to add to the to do list!
·Date: We said July 16 Is that decided
·Place: Wendy—find a place to have the party.
·Food: Matt—decide on a sit down meal Dessert(甜点) table Or just a cake
Send
·Entertainment(娱乐): Jess—consider whether to hire a band(租乐队) or just play our own music
·Invitation: Kate & Adam—think about who to invite! Send out a “Save the Date” by July 12.
Am I missing anything else I feel like I'm forgetting something. Is it practical Maybe we should make another plan, just in case(以防万一). Let me know!
Adam
( )1.Who will decide on the food for the party in the to do list
A．Wendy.
B．Matt.
C．Jess.
B
( )2.Why does Adam e mail Kate
A．To ask her to help plan the party.
B．To invite her to his birthday party.
C．To advise her to make more friends.
A
(三)[2023长沙]
Welcome to
THINK Universal School
THINK Universal School(TUS) is a traveling high school. The students live and learn in four different countries each year. They make unforgettable connections between their studies and the world around them.
Imagine reading The Travels of Xu Xiake as you follow Xu Xiake's journey across China, or listening to a story about the Pyramids(金字塔) of Egypt while visiting the great buildings. Our courses provide an excellent education through a combination of real world exploration(探索) and project based learning. We aim to(旨在) help you become a well rounded person.
Ready to start the educational journey of a lifetime Join now！
( )1.How many countries do the students at TUS visit every year
A．Four.
B．Five.
C．Six.
A
( )2.What would the students at TUS do while visiting the Pyramids of Egypt
A．Watch a video about the school.
B．Listen to a story about the great buildings.
C．Read something about Xu Xiake's travels.
B
( )3.What does TUS aim to do
A．Help students become well rounded.
B．Get students to be off the real world.
C．Make students travel and learn online.
A
二、短文阅读
(一)[2025湖南]
What are insects(昆虫) like in your eyes Have you ever noticed them Insects are very interesting animals. They may be small, but they are smart and hard working. Scientists have studied different kinds of insects very closely.
According to their studies, even the smallest insects have tools to help do their work.
Have you ever seen a little fly called a sawfly It gets such a name because it has a saw(锯子) that is used on plants to create a safe space for its eggs. After laying its eggs, the sawfly makes some glue. The glue fixes the eggs to where they are laid.
Another insect that has its own natural tool is the poppy bee(蜂). The bees live in wood. Like people who make things out of wood, poppy bees use special tools to dig nests(巢穴) out of wood. They dig and clean out the nest to make it ready for use. When all is ready, poppy bees cut out pieces of leaves in the shape of a nest. They then join the pieces together and put them into the nest.
Ants are also known for their clever use of natural tools. For example, they drop pieces of leaves into water so that they take in the water. Then the ants carry them back to their nests.
There are more insects than any other living things in the world. Every insect is special. The more you notice them, the more they will surprise you.
( )1.How does the writer start the topic
A．By asking questions.
B．By listing numbers.
C．By making comparisons.
A
( )2.What can we know about poppy bees from Paragraph 3
A．They clean their nests with big leaves.
B．They put pieces of leaves around nests.
C．They dig nests before cutting out leaves.
C
( )3.Which of the following use leaves to take in water according to the text
A．Sawflies.
B．Poppy bees.
C．Ants.
C
( )4.What can be the best title for the text
A．Insects and Tools
B．Animals and Eggs
C．Plants and Leaves
A
(二)[2024湖南]
Would you be able to sleep with one eye open Bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚)can. When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping.
Dolphins are not fish—they are mammals(哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs(肺). And they don't have gills(腮) like fish. They are also warm blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air into their lungs. Dolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers.
Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But their cleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills.
They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror(镜子) and check different parts of their body in it.
( )1.Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open
A．To stay safe.
B．To sleep for two hours.
C．To swim faster.
A
( )2.What can we learn about dolphins from Paragraph 2
A．They use gills to get air.
B．They are warm blooded.
C．They lay eggs like fish.
B
( )3.How do dolphins talk to each other
A．By learning fishing skills.
B．By using different sounds.
C．By checking their bodies.
B
( )4.Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from
A．Art.
B．Health.
C．Nature.
C
(三)[2024湖南]
Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearing loss if the volume(音量) is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise.
Do you know how we hear There are cells(细胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with our eyes. “We call them hair cells，” Jackie Clark said. “They look like hairs standing up.” Clark is a scientist at the University of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move back and forward. Think of the wind in the leaves.
Loud noises can damage(损伤) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, they don't grow back. Sometimes, there's tinnitus. “It's like someone is playing a note on the flute(长笛) for a long time，” Clark says. It shows we're losing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary to protect our ears.
How can we protect our ears We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear what you're listening to when you're wearing your headphones，” Clark says, “it's too loud.” To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume.
( )1.What can we know about hair cells
A．They help us hear.
B．They look like hairs lying down.
C．They can be seen clearly with our eyes.
A
( )2.What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in Paragraph 3
A．A musical voice.
B．A kind of instrument.
C．Ringing in ears.
C
( )3.What's the main purpose of the last paragraph
A．To give advice.
B．To show problems.
C．To explain reasons.
A
( )4.What's the main idea of the passage
A．Before listening to music, choose a good headphone.
B．When using a headphone, keep the volume low.
C．After using a headphone, check your ears.
B