浙江省杭州市滨江区杭二滨江、杭二钱江2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考英语试卷
一、A
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Cooking Classes & Culinary Tours in FlorenceWelcome to Florence, welcome to Taste Florence! Discover the rich taste and culinary (美食的) heritage of Tuscany through an immersive cooking experience! Cooking is not only a delightful way to learn about local traditions, but it also allows you to dip into the authentic tastes of Florence, from fresh pasta to fine desserts.
A Culinary Journey Awaits
Whether you are a seasoned cook or a curious beginner, Taste Florence offers a unique opportunity to deepen your understanding of Italian cuisine while enjoying the vibrant culture of Florence. With its hands-on approach and emphasis on local materials, Taste Florence stands out as an inspiration for culinary enthusiasts eager to explore the heart of Tuscany through its cuisines.
Why Taste Florence
Taste Florence has been sharing the love of Italian cuisine for over a decade and is the top cooking school in the city. Our experienced chefs guide you through hands-on classes where you can learn to prepare traditional dishes using fresh, local materials. We offer a variety of classes, including pasta-making, pizza workshops, and Italian desserts, suitable for all skill levels.
Class Prices
Class Type Duration Price/hour
Pasta-Making Class 3 hours ?75
Pizza Workshop 2 hours ?50
Italian Dessert Class 2.5 hours ?60
Full Italian Feast 4 hours ?100
Culinary Tours
Join our 4-hour culinary tour that takes you through the bustling markets and charming streets of Florence. You'll visit local food stores, taste traditional Tuscan products, and enjoy a meal at a family-run restaurant. Tours start every day at 10:00 am from Piazza della Signoria. You can reserve your spot online or at our Taste Florence location.
1．What is one of the advantages of Taste Florence
A．It offers a variety of international food.
B．It provides free supplies for every class.
C．It has skilled chefs leading the classes.
D．It sets different class sizes for different groups.
2．How much does it cost to learn Italian ice cream making
A．?150. B．?60. C．?75. D．?100.
3．Where does the culinary tour begin
A．At a family-run restaurant.
B．At the local food market.
C．At Piazza della Signoria.
D．At the Taste Florence cooking school.
二、B
（2025高一上·杭州期末）My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips (连环漫画) in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. They enabled me to enjoy myself in a world without iPads and the Internet — just like so many of my friends who were fond of reading.
While my access to comics as a child was limited to what was printed in the newspaper, this changed once I grew older and started visiting bookstores to buy the books that I wanted to read. Having grown up on a diet of image-heavy books, I found the idea of reading text-only novels quite formidable. As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between, I came across a copy of Bhimayana — a graphic novel. It felt familiar due to its comic-like theme and design. Plus, understanding complex stories through pictures was relatively easier and more fun. And so, as I grew older, I found myself turning to graphic novels from childish comic books.
Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on. For example, when I was reading Joe Sacco's Palestine, I didn't have to imagine the ruin caused by the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. I could actually see it while reading about it.
Fast-forward a few years to when I was given a copy of Jonathan Bloomfield's Palestine: A Novel. Though I was impressed by the compelling (扣人心弦的) nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text-only version so much had I not read Sacco's Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a "picture" of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.
While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is much stronger and here to stay.
4．Why did the author start reading comic books as a child
A．He found comic books interesting.
B．He couldn't go to bookstores.
C．He wanted to be different from his friends.
D．He had limited access to other books.
5．Which word can best explain the underlined word "formidable" in paragraph 27
A．Acceptable. B．Natural. C．Difficult. D．Interesting.
6．What does the author say about reading Sacco's Palestine
A．It changed his attitude to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
B．It made his understanding of Bloomfield's book easier.
C．It encouraged him to read more text-only novels.
D．It prepared him to write in a more serious way.
7．What does the author mainly talk about in the passage
A．Comic books are more an just pictures.
B．Why he loves reading graphic novels.
C．Why he turned to serious novels eventually.
D．Picture books are here to stay for many reasons.
三、C
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Every day, we face a range of decisions, from picking a shirt for work to choosing a job. Some of these decisions have far-reaching consequences that may impact the rest of our lives. These choices can be difficult, and we aren't often aware of the reasons behind why we make certain choices. A new study explores how we make decisions when it comes to short and long-term rewards. It found that we were more impulsive (冲动) with decisions that may bring about an immediate reward than those that have longer-term consequences.
The study was conducted by Professor Pleger from Ruhr University Bochum. The team wanted to know how we make decisions about what to eat and where. They asked participants to choose between smaller immediate rewards and larger rewards that they had to wait for. The longer they waited, the bigger the reward. Brain activity was observed using functional MRI, which shows which parts of the brain are active during decision-making.
The brain observation revealed interesting differences when it came to each type of reward. When people made decisions about money, brain areas responsible for thinking about the future and self-control were more active. When deciding about food, the areas that are linked to immediate satisfaction were more involved. This means that our decision-making pattern depends on the type of reward that we are given.
By understanding how our brains respond to different types of rewards, we may develop better tools that control how we make those decisions that may have serious consequences in our lives. Professor Pleger believes that understanding these differences can lead to new treatments for impulsive behaviors and addictions. For example, Neurofeedback (神经反馈) can observe real-time brain activity to help individuals manage their brain functions, which can help them make particularly difficult decisions, specifically when it comes to unhealthy or addictive choices.
8．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The process of Pleger's study. B．The causes of brain activity.
C．The theory of people's choices. D．The methods of decision making.
9．According to the study, what influences the decision-making pattern
A．The desire for long-term rewards.
B．The kind of reward provided.
C．The ability to control one's desire.
D．The focus on immediate satisfaction.
10．Why does the author mention the example in the last paragraph
A．To prove the theory of the study.
B．To show the application of the study.
C．To compare different types of rewards.
D．To praise the usefulness of the Neurofeedback.
11．What can be a best title for the text
A．How to Make Reasonable Decisions
B．Can You Wait Longer Before Decisions
C．How Is Decision-Making Pattern Benefit Us
D．Are Your Decisions Based on Impulse or Reason
四、D
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Hundreds of millions of birds die every year from crashing into windows, one of the biggest sources of human-caused bird deaths - far greater than wind turbines (风力涡轮机) and airplane strikes combined. In an effort to help birds see the glass before it's too late, people may stick coloured films (薄膜) on their windows - often on the indoor side. But a recent s study in PeerJ Life&Environment shows that such films work only on a window's outside surface.
"Putting these window films on the inside really is not giving you the benefit that you would want for protecting the birds," says John P. Swaddle, a biologist at the College of William and Mary and lead author of the new study.
To test the films' effectiveness, Swaddle and his co-workers applied one of two widely available film to either inner or outer window surfaces. On film reflected shorter light wavelengths (波长) that humans cannot see, and the other reflected longer wavelengths (many birds can see both). Both films helped to prevent bird strikes by more than 35 percent when put on the outside surface, the study found - but films on the inside had no benefit at all.
"It's some important work about the small differences between what can and can't work in terms of preventing window strikes from birds," says George Mason University biologist David Luther, who studies how birds adapt to cities.
People usually find it much easier to put films on the inside of a window, says Natalia Ocampo-Penuela, a conservation ecologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz. "For taller buildings, to apply something to the outside, you need scaffolds (脚手架)... you need to clean the windows extra well for them to apply correctly, and they don't last as long."
12．Why are bird deaths caused by wind turbines and airplane strikes mentioned in Paragraph 1？
A．To share some shocking news about bird deaths.
B．To stress the importance of protecting wild birds.
C．To remind people to stick more colourful films on the windows.
D．To introduce the serious problem of birds crashing into windows.
13．What determines the effect of the experiment result
A．The materials chosen to make the film.
B．The quality of the films used in the study.
C．The wavelengths of the light reflected by films.
D．The side of the window that the film is applied to
14．Which of the following statements is David Luther most likely to agree with
A．Birds can adapt to city life without much help from humans.
B．There is little people can do to keep birds from striking windows.
C．It isn't worth the efforts to place films on the outside of the windows.
D．Research on preventing birds from hitting windows is of great importance.
15．What is the main purpose of the writer writing the passage
A．Discuss different approaches for decreasing bird deaths.
B．To call on bird lovers to create a bird-friendly environment.
C．To present a study on window films for reducing bird strikes.
D．To teach readers how to apply coloured films to the windows.
五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Criticism is never fun. If it is helpful, then you can use it to become a more well-rounded person. If it's only meant to harm you, then you can work on shaking it off like a bad habit. How do you deal with it 16．
Accept that you're not perfect. This is a great way to deal with criticism. To be able to take a little bit of feedback, you can't keep thinking that you can do no wrong. Nobody's perfect, so if you think you're perfect, then you're nobody. Every person has disadvantages. 17．
See if there's some truth to it. If the feedback is coming from a person who has your best interest in mind, then you have to consider the possibility that there really is some truth to those words. 18． If ten people say that you are selfish, then they can't all be wrong, can they Take a moment to consider the possibility that this person is really on to something.
19． If you have received some criticism delivered in a friendly and helpful way, or just in a way meant to be honest and clear, just take the time to thank the person and to say that you appreciate the fact that the person told you something that can make you an even better friend, student, or professional.
Stop making excuses. If someone is giving you reasonable criticism, stop making excuses. If you get defensive (戒备的) and make excuses, then the person won't be able to finish telling you exactly what he or she means, and you won't get the information you need to really improve. It's natural that we feel defensive and get the feeling that we can do no wrong. 20．
A. Make yourself a better person.
B. The following tips can be helpful.
C. Thank the person for being honest.
D. Most people are able to deal with criticism properly.
E. It's even more likely if you've heard similar comments before.
F. But it's important to hear people out before you cut them off to prove you're perfect.
G. If you don't see any of yours, you're not analyzing yourself as closely as you should.
六、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
21．（2025高一上·杭州期末）With more volunteers, more students will be able to ________ in the summer camp next year.
A．identify B．enroll C．weave D．construct
22．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Leaders of several nations attended the ________ on global warming held last week.
A．summit B．promotion C．transaction D．term
23．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Those living in ________ can find it difficult to afford necessities like housing or food.
A．reality B．advance C．poverty D．pain
24．（2025高一上·杭州期末）For those ________ by too many choices, the simple three-course set menu is a perfect decision.
A．hooted B．meditated C．overwhelmed D．dawned
25．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Compared with digital invitations, printed ones are neither practical nor ________.
A．legal B．outdated C．specific D．cost-effective
26．（2025高一上·杭州期末）China National Space Administration announced a delay on Tuesday in ________ the spaceship due to weather conditions.
A．importing B．exporting C．disrupting D．launching
27．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The men was found ________ this Thursday to crimes but will not serve prison time.
A．addicted B．invited C．guilty D．limited
28．（2025高一上·杭州期末）One company's recent reform has proven to be a ________ to the entire industry.
A．blow B．consumption C．resignation D．boost
29．（2025高一上·杭州期末）In late 2023, ________ winter storms hit the city, causing great damage.
A．moderate B．violent C．mild D．virtual
30．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Please accept my ________ for the loss of your beloved pet dog.
A．sympathy B．strength C．sentence D．stuffing
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Animal shelters are used to taking in stray dogs (流浪狗), but this dog named Lilo came to McKamey Animal Center off the street with an added surprise — a 31． .
"We 32． a call saying that there was a large dog running around with a leash (绳索)", said Lauren Mann, director of the shelter. "So, our animal protection team went out and 33． her up. When they were to bring her back, we 34． the note, which read, ‘Please love me. My mom can't keep me and is homeless with two kids. She tried her best but can't get help — I 35． too much for her. She really loves me and I'm a great dog.'"
"It is one of the 36． things I've ever read," Mann said. "The last line really 37． us all here, ‘Please don't abuse me.' You could tell right away that Lilo was very well 38． and loved. That was 39． the truth."
The shelter staff 40． about Lilo on social media, hoping to 41． her owner. About 24 hours later, a woman called saying she was Lilo's mom. After being 42． , Lilo and her family had a wonderful reunion at the animal center. There was not a 43． eye in the room: everyone was extremely happy, excited and emotional.
Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families 44． to pay for their pets' needs. The goal of animal shelters is to keep dogs like Lilo happy and safe-and sometimes that means going 45． to reunite them with the family that loves them.
31．A．key B．note C．fact D．prize
32．A．made B．missed C．received D．returned
33．A．gave B．picked C．woke D．brought
34．A．created B．sent C．found D．wrote
35．A．moved B．meant C．carried D．cost
36．A．easiest B．saddest C．coolest D．wisest
37．A．hit B．annoyed C．attached D．buried
38．A．figured out B．settled down C．tried out D．cared for
39．A．definitely B．regularly C．usually D．eventually
40．A．provided B．reviewed C．posted D．reported
41．A．set down B．focus on C．blame for D．connect with
42．A．forgotten B．understood C．cheated D．separated
43．A．curious B．single C．dry D．bright
44．A．willing B．struggling C．requesting D．managing
45．A．above and beyond B．back and forth
C．quick and easy D．ups and downs
八、第三节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2025高一上·杭州期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式) 。
In 2001, when Kunqu Opera was recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage, Yang Fengyi and other performers traveled to Paris 46． (witness) the historic moment. After their short performance, one of the 47． (actress) received praise from an audience, telling her how beautiful Kunqu Opera was. " 48． the language barrier and cultural differences, the audience still appreciated the 600-year-old ad form," says Yang.
Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera became 49． (wide) popular during the Ming Dynasty. It influenced many forms of opera in China thereafter, 50． (include) Peking Opera. It is therefore known 51． the mother of all Chinese operas.
Combining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, 52． (grace) body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses an endless variety of movements to express specific emotions.
As 53． symbol of Chinese culture, stories performed in Kunqu Opera have gone beyond time and space. The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), written by playwright Tang Xianzu, 54． is often compared to Shakespeare, remains loved worldwide. A living heritage is a dialogue 55． the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a means to pass that legacy on.
九、根据首字母提示，写出各单词的正确形式。注意！！写到答卷上时务必写完整单词含首字母。
56．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The scientists conducted more e to further prove their findings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
57．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Before the crash, the air traffic control lost c with the pilot of the aero plane. (根据首字母单词拼写)
58．（2025高一上·杭州期末）With constant efforts, we have successfully n the economic gap between the east and the west. (根据首字母单词拼写)
59．（2025高一上·杭州期末）To prevent i , you should warm up for at least ten minutes before each run. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60．（2025高一上·杭州期末）She b deeply and was soon calmed by the fresh morning air. (根据首字母单词拼写)
61．（2025高一上·杭州期末）When his mother came in, he turned off the computer and p to be doing homework. (根据首字母单词拼写)
62．（2025高一上·杭州期末）You can easily guess the meaning of an unknown word through the c of the passage. (根据首字母单词拼写)
63．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The Greenpeace Organization aims to p people's awareness of environmental protection. (根据首字母单词拼写)
64．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Of the two possibilities, the f seems more reasonable than the latter. (根据首字母单词拼写)
65．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Some young girls in our society are dieting, in an a to look like skinny super-models. (根据首字母单词拼写)
66．（2025高一上·杭州期末）It isn't w spending so much time on minor problems. （根据首字母单词拼写）
67．（2025高一上·杭州期末）If you intend to apply for top universities, it is a must to be f in both written and spoken English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
68．（2025高一上·杭州期末）To everyone's disappointment, his actions c sharply with his words. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69．（2025高一上·杭州期末）While working, he gets really a every time people interrupt him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70．（2025高一上·杭州期末）She lived in Italy for several years but never quite m the language. (根据首字母单词拼写)
十、第二节 背诵填空 （共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
71．（2025高一上·杭州期末）He (迫切地想要) something more filling and satisfying than cabbage and cabbage soup. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72．（2025高一上·杭州期末）He (举起) the paper so that they could see the huge headline. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The four old ones lay silent and their bed (蜷缩在床上), trying to keep the cold out of their bones. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74．（2025高一上·杭州期末）So you can imagine that there was a good deal of pushing and shoving as they (急匆匆) the exit passage, trying to keep up with he swift little figure in front of them. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Charlie could see that they were indeed inside a gigantic pipe, and the great upward-curving walls of the pipe were pure white and (一尘不染). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
76．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Mr Wonka (打了个响指), and ten Oompa-Loompas appeared immediately at his side. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
77．（2025高一上·杭州期末） (尖叫的笑声) and snatches of singing could be heard coming through the closed door. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78．（2025高一上·杭州期末）And through the glass walls of the lift, as it rushed along, they (瞥到了) strange and wonderful things going on in some of the other rooms. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
79．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The elevator stopped. It stopped and hung in midair, (像一架直升飞机盘悬着), hovering over the factory and over the very town itself, which lay spread out below them like a picture postcard. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
80．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Charlie and grandpa Joe both (伸长脖子) to read what it said on the little level beside the button. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
81．（2025高一上·杭州期末）After having been instructed to (驶出城镇), I began to acquire confidence. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
82．（2025高一上·杭州期末）As soon as I (敲车窗), you must stop within five feet. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
83．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The examiner must with my performance (对我的表现很满意). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
84．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The crowd began to shout, but the drunk was the danger (没有意识到危险) 。(根据汉语提示完成句子)
85．（2025高一上·杭州期末） criticism (对……非常敏感), the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
86．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The crowd (欢呼) and the drunk bowed. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
87．（2025高一上·杭州期末）There comes a time when the old must (让步)the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
88．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The group asked for contributions from different departments and (筹集资金) within the international community. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
89．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then (提出建议) for how the buildings could be saved. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
90．（2025高一上·杭州期末）They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding (历史和文化遗产) for future generations to understand and appreciate. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
十一、第三节 应用文写作 （满分15分）
91．（2025高一上·杭州期末）假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Charlotte所在高中即将举办有关中国的文化周，她的小组负责策划一项主题为"探寻中国文字"的活动，写信征询你的建议。请给她回一封信，内容包括：
1. 建议的具体活动及理由；
2. 表达鼓励与祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Charlotte,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours.
Li Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Taste Florence提供的烹饪课程和美食之旅。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据Why Taste Florence 部分中"Our experienced chefs guide you through hands-on classes where you can learn to prepare traditional dishes using fresh, local materials. (我们经验丰富的厨师会亲自指导你上手操作，教你如何使用新鲜的当地食材准备传统菜肴)"可知，Taste Florence的优势之一是它有经验丰富的厨师指导课程。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Class Prices部分中"Class Type Duration Price/hour(课程类型持续时间价格/小时)"和"Italian Dessert Class 2.5 hours ?60 (意大利甜点课程2.5小时60欧元)"可知，每小时价格是?60，制作意大利冰淇淋属于意大利甜点课程的范畴，所以费用是 2.5×60 = ?150，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段Culinary Tours中"Tours start every day at 10:00 am from Piazza della Signoria. (每天上午10点从Piazza della Signoria开始)"可知，美食之旅从Piazza della Signoria开始。故选C。
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者从小对漫画书的喜爱，随着成长转向图文小说，阐述了喜欢图文小说的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段"My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips (连环漫画) in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. (我最初对漫画世界的探索是从报纸上的连环画开始的。这始于对加菲猫及其冒险故事的喜爱，并由此发现了一系列漫画书，如《昌帕克》《丁丁历险记》和《阿奇》)"可知，作者小时候开始读漫画书是因为他觉得漫画书有趣。故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据第二段"Having grown up on a diet of image heavy books, I found the idea of reading text only novels quiteformidable.(从小看了大量以图片为主的书，我觉得读纯文字小说的想法相当……)"以及后文"As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between(当我寻找介于两者之间的书时)"可推知，作者习惯了图片多的书，所以觉得读纯文字小说有难度，才会寻找介于两者之间的书。所以划线词"formidable"意思是"困难的"，与"Difficult"同义。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段"Though I was impressed by the compelling nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text only version so much had I not read Sacco's Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a ‘picture' of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.(虽然我对他书中引人入胜的叙事方式印象深刻，但我不确定如果我没有先读萨科的《巴勒斯坦》，我是否能如此生动地想象并享受他那纯文字版的书。多亏了这本图文小说，我对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，这让理解整个故事的细节变得更容易、更有趣)"可知，读萨科的《巴勒斯坦》让作者对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，让他更容易理解布卢姆菲尔德的书。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据第二段"And so, as I grew older, I found myself turning to graphic novels from childish comic books.(所以，随着年龄的增长，我发现自己从幼稚的漫画书转向了图文小说)"、第三段中"Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on.(图文小说以更引人入胜的方式处理严肃的话题。它们能让我直观地看到发生了什么)"、第四段中"Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a ‘picture' of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.(多亏了这本图文小说，我对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，这让理解整个故事的细节变得更容易、更有趣)"和最后一段中"While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is much stronger and here to stay.(虽然我与漫画书的爱情仍在继续，但从长远来看，我对图文小说的爱要强烈得多，而且会一直持续下去)"可知，文章重点阐述了作者对图文小说的喜欢和原因。由此可知，B项"他为什么喜欢读图文小说"能概括文章内容。故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了我们的决策是基于冲动还是理性，以及这种决策模式如何影响我们的生活。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，段落大意题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
8．段落大意题。根据第二段"The team wanted to know how we make decisions about what to eat and how to make a profit. They asked subjects to choose between smaller immediate rewards and larger rewards that they had to wait for. The longer they waited, the bigger the reward. Brain activity was observed using functional MRI, which shows which parts of the brain are active during decision-making. (这个团队想知道我们是如何决定吃什么以及如何盈利的。他们要求受试者在较小的即时奖励和必须等待的较大奖励之间做出选择。他们等待的时间越长，奖励就越大。研究人员使用功能性核磁共振成像来观察大脑活动，该成像显示出大脑的哪些部分在做决策时是活跃的。)"可知，第二段主要描述了Pleger的研究过程。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段"This means that our decision-making pattern depends on the type of reward that we are given. (这意味着我们的决策模式取决于我们获得的奖励类型。)"可知，决策模式受到奖励类型的影响。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Professor Pleger believes that understanding these differences can lead to new treatments for impulsive behaviors and addictions. For example, Neurofeedback (神经反馈) can observe real-time brain activity to help individuals manage their brain functions, which can help them make particularly difficult decisions, specifically surrounding unhealthy or addictive choices. (普莱格教授认为，了解这些差异可以为冲动行为和成瘾带来新的治疗方法。例如，神经反馈可以观察实时大脑活动，帮助个体管理他们的大脑功能，这可以帮助他们做出特别困难的决定，特别是围绕不健康或上瘾的选择。)"可知，作者提到这个例子是为了展示研究的应用。故选B。
11．标题选择题。根据第一段"A new study explores how we make decisions when it comes to short and long-term rewards . It found that we were more impulsive (冲动) with decisions that may bring about an immediate reward than those that have longer-term consequences. (一项新的研究探讨了我们在短期和长期奖励方面是如何做出决定的。研究发现，与那些有长期影响的决定相比，我们在做出可能带来即时回报的决定时更容易冲动。)"和最后一段"By understanding how our brains respond to different types of rewards, we may develop better tools that control how we make those decisions that may have serious consequences in our lives. (通过了解我们的大脑对不同类型奖励的反应，我们可以开发出更好的工具来控制我们如何做出那些可能对我们的生活产生严重后果的决定。)"可知文章主要讨论了我们的决策是基于冲动还是理性，以及这种决策模式如何影响我们的生活。故短文的最佳标题为"你的决定是基于冲动还是理性？"切题。故选D。
【答案】12．D
13．D
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每年有数亿只鸟因撞窗而死亡，人们通过在窗户上贴彩色薄膜来减少此类事件，但研究表明薄膜只有贴在窗户外侧才有效。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段"Hundreds of millions of birds die every year from crashing into windows, one of the biggest sources of human-caused bird deaths - far greater than wind turbines (风力涡轮机) and airplane strikes combined. (每年有数亿只鸟因撞到窗户而死亡，这是人类造成鸟类死亡的最大原因之一，远远超过风力涡轮机和飞机撞击的总和。)"可推断提及风力涡轮机和飞机撞击导致的鸟类死亡，是为了通过对比，突出鸟类撞上窗户这一问题的严重性，从而引出下文关于解决鸟类撞窗问题的讨论。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段"To test the films' effectiveness, Swaddle and his co-workers applied one of two widely available film to either inner or outer window surfaces. On film reflected shorter light wavelengths (波长) that humans cannot see, and the other reflected longer wavelengths (many birds can see both). Both films helped to prevent bird strikes by more than 35 percent when put on the outside surface, the study found - but films on the inside had no benefit at all. (为了测试薄膜的有效性，Swaddle和他的同事将两种广泛使用的薄膜中的一种涂在窗户的内外表面。底片上反射的是人类看不见的较短波长的光，而底片上反射的是较长的波长（许多鸟类两者都能看到）。研究发现，这两种薄膜在外表面上都能防止35%以上的鸟撞，但在内侧则没有任何效果。)"这表明决定实验结果效果的是薄膜贴在窗户的哪一侧，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段""It's some important work about the small differences between what can and can't work in terms of preventing window strikes from birds," says George Mason University biologist David Luther, who studies how birds adapt to cities. (乔治梅森大学研究鸟类如何适应城市的生物学家David Luther说："这是一项重要的工作，研究了在防止鸟类撞击窗户方面，什么能起作用，什么不能起作用的微小差异。")" 可知这表明David Luther认为关于防止鸟类撞窗的研究很重要，故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头提到每年有数亿只鸟因撞窗而死亡，接着介绍一项关于窗户薄膜的研究，以及这项研究的过程和结果，由此可知，本文主要是介绍了一项关于窗户薄膜减少鸟类撞击的研究，故选C。
【答案】16．B；17．G；18．E；19．C；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对批评，并给出了几条实用的建议。备选项的中文意思：
A. 让自己成为更优秀的人。
B. 以下建议可能会有帮助。
C. 感谢这个人的坦诚。
D. 大多数人能够正确应对批评。
E. 如果你之前听过类似的评价，这种可能性就更大了。
F. 但在你打断别人以证明自己完美之前，先倾听他们的意见很重要。
G. 如果你没发现自己的问题，那说明你没有像应该的那样仔细地剖析自己。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
16．根据上文"Criticism is never fun. If it is helpful, then you can use it to become a more well-rounded person. If it's only meant to harm you, then you can work on shaking it off like a bad habit. How do you deal with it (批评从来都不好玩。如果它是有帮助的，那么你可以用它来成为一个更全面的人。如果它只是为了伤害你，那么你可以把它当作一个坏习惯来摆脱。你是怎么处理的？)"可知，文章接下来会给出一些应对批评的建议。由此可知，B. The following tips can be helpful.(以下建议可能会有帮助。)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
17．根据上文"Accept that you're not perfect. This is a great way to deal with criticism. To be able to take a little bit of feedback, you can't keep thinking that you can do no wrong. Nobody's perfect, so if you think you're perfect, then you're nobody. Every person has disadvantages.(接受你并不完美的事实。这是处理批评的好方法。为了能够得到一些反馈，你不能一直认为自己不会犯错。没有人是完美的，所以如果你认为自己是完美的，那你就什么都不是。每个人都有缺点)"可知，没有人是完美的，任何人都有缺点，如果你看不到自己的缺点，说明你没有足够仔细地分析自己。由此可知，G. If you don't see any of yours, you're not analyzing yourself as closely as you should.(如果你没发现自己的问题，那说明你没有像应该的那样仔细地剖析自己。)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
18．根据上文"See if there's some truth to it. If the feedback is coming from a person who has your best interest in mind, then you have to consider the possibility that there really is some truth to those words.(看看这是不是真的。如果反馈来自于一个最关心你的人，那么你必须考虑这些话是否真的有一些道理)"及下文"If ten people say that you are selfish, then they can't all be wrong, can they Take a moment to consider the possibility that this person is really on to something.(如果十个人都说你自私，那他们不可能都是错的，对吧？花点时间考虑一下这个人是否真的有道理)"可知，如果多次听到对你类似的批评，更应该认真对待。由此可知，E. It's even more likely if you've heard similar comments before.(如果你之前听过类似的评价，这种可能性就更大了。)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
19．根据下文"If you have received some criticism delivered in a friendly and helpful way, or just in a way meant to be honest and clear, just take the time to thank the person and to say that you appreciate the fact that the person told you something that can make you an even better friend, student, or professional.(如果你收到了一些以友好和有益的方式提出的批评，或者只是以诚实和清晰的方式提出的批评，那就花点时间感谢这个人，并说你很感激这个人告诉你一些可以让你成为更好的朋友、学生或专业人士的事情)"可知，我们要感谢对你坦诚相待的人。由此可知，C. Thank the person for being honest.(感谢这个人的坦诚。)能够引领下文，符合语境。故选C。
20．根据上文"Stop making excuses. If someone is giving you reasonable criticism, stop making excuses. If you get defensive (戒备的) and make excuses, then the person won't be able to finish telling you exactly what he or she means, and you won't get the information you need to really improve. It's natural that we feel defensive and get the feeling that we can do no wrong.(不要再找借口了。如果有人给你合理的批评，不要再找借口了。如果你有戒心并找借口，那么对方就无法把他或她的意思确切地告诉你，你也无法得到你需要的信息来真正改进。我们很自然地会感到自我防卫，觉得自己不会做错)"可知，此处强调要听完别人的批评，而不是急于找借口证明自己是对的。由此可知，F. But it's important to hear people out before you cut them off to prove you're perfect.(但在你打断别人以证明自己完美之前，先倾听他们的意见很重要。)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选。故选F。
21．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】 句意：有了更多的志愿者，明年将有更多的学生能够参加夏令营。A. identify识别，辨认；B. enroll报名；C. weave编造；D. construct建造。 根据空后"in the summer camp next year"可知，此处表示参加夏令营。动词短语enroll in"参加"。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。 注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
22．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：几位国家的领导人参加了上周举行的关于全球变暖的峰会。A. summit峰会，高层会议；B. promotion晋升；C. transaction交易；D. term术语。结合on global warming held last week可知，空格处应表达"峰会"，用summit。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
23．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：生活在贫困中的人可能会发现很难负担得起住房或食物等必需品。A. reality现实；B. advance进步；C. poverty贫穷；D. pain痛苦。由句意和difficult to afford necessities like housing or food可知，这里指生活在贫困中的人很难负担一些生活必需品。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
24．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：对于被太多选择所困扰的人来说，简单的三道菜套餐是一个完美的决定。 A. hooted轰赶； B. meditated冥想，深思； C. overwhelmed使不知所措，压倒； D. dawned破晓，开始明白。根据句意可知，对于被太多选择所困扰的人来说，简单的三道菜套餐是一个完美的决定。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
25．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：与数字邀请函相比，印刷的邀请函既不实用也不划算。A. legal合法的；B. outdated过时的；C. specific具体的；D. cost-effective划算的。根据句意，空格处需要填入一个与practical（实用）并列的形容词，且与digital invitations（数字邀请函）形成对比。cost-effective划算的，符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。
26．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中国国家航天局周二宣布，由于天气原因，该飞船将推迟发射。A. importing进口；B. exporting出口；C. disrupting扰乱；D. launching发射。根据句意和"spaceship"可知，此处表示发射飞船，动词launch符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
27．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这两名男子于本周四被判有罪，但不会服刑。A. addicted上瘾的；B. invited受邀，动词；C. guilty有罪的；D. limited有限的。根据后文"this Thursday to crimes"指被判有罪。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
28．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：事实证明，一家公司最近的改革对整个行业起到了推动作用。A. blow打击；B. consumption消耗；C. resignation辞职；D. boost推动。根据句意，改革通常会对行业产生积极的影响，因此此处应填入一个表示积极意义的词。名词boost表示"推动、促进"，符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
29．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：2023 年末，猛烈的冬季风暴袭击了这座城市，造成了巨大破坏。A. moderate适度的，中等的；B. violent猛烈地，激烈的；C. mild温和的，轻微的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文"causing great damage"可知应是猛烈的风暴，故选B。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
30．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：请接受我对你心爱宠物狗离世的慰问。A. sympathy同情、慰问；B. strength力量；C. sentence句子、判决；D. stuffing填料、填充物。根据"the loss of your beloved pet dog"可推知，此处是表达对对方失去宠物狗的一种安慰之情，用名词sympathy最为合适。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．B；34．C；35．D；36．B；37．A；38．D；39．A；40．C；41．D；42．D；43．C；44．B；45．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只名叫Lilo的狗被送到McKamey动物中心，以及它最终与主人团聚的温馨故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
31．句意：动物收容所习惯于收容流浪狗，但这只名叫Lilo的狗从街上来到McKamey动物中心，带来了一个额外的惊喜——一张便条。A. key钥匙；B. note便条；C. fact事实；D. prize奖品。根据下文"When they were to bring her back, we____4____ the note, which read"可知， Lilo带着一张便条。故选B。
32．句意："我们接到一个电话，说有一只大狗拴着绳索跑来跑去，"收容所负责人劳伦·曼恩说。A. made制作；B. missed错过；C. received接到；D. returned返回。根据下文"a call saying that there was a large dog running around with a leash (绳索)"可知，动物中心接到了电话。故选C。
33．句意：所以，我们的动物保护小组出去把她接了回来。A. gave给予；B. picked捡起；C. woke唤醒；D. brought带来。根据下文"When they were to bring her back"可知，动物保护小组出去把Lilo接了回来。固定搭配pick up"接人，搭载：指去接人或搭载乘客"。故选B。
34．句意：当他们要把她带回来时，我们发现了那张纸条，上面写着："请爱我。我妈妈不能养我，带着两个孩子无家可归。她尽了最大的努力，但无法得到帮助——我为她付出了太多。她真的很爱我，我是一只很棒的狗。"A. created创造；B. sent发送；C. found发现；D. wrote写。根据上文"When they were to bring her back,"及下文"the note, which read"可知，动物保护小组发现了这张便条。故选C。
35．句意：当他们要把她带回来时，我们发现了那张纸条，上面写着："请爱我。我妈妈不能养我，带着两个孩子无家可归。她尽了最大的努力，但无法得到帮助——我为她付出了太多。她真的很爱我，我是一只很棒的狗。"。A. moved移动；B. meant意味着；C. carried携带；D. cost花费。根据上文"She tried her best but can't get help"及下文"too much for her."可知，Lilo的主人为它花费了很多。故选D。
36．句意："这是我读过的最悲伤的事情之一，"曼恩说。A. easiest最容易的；B. saddest最悲伤的；C. coolest最酷的；D. wisest最明智的。根据上文"Please love me. My mom can't keep me and is homeless with two kids. She tried her best but can't get help — I____5____ too much for her. She really loves me and I'm a great dog."可知，Lilo随身携带的边条上的内容体现了无助、心酸、忠诚与爱的交织，所以Mann认为这是最悲伤的事情之一。故选B。
37．句意：最后一句真的触动了我们所有人，"请不要虐待我。"A. hit触动；B. annoyed恼怒；C. attached附加；D. buried埋葬。根据上文""It is one of the____6____ things I've ever read," Mann said."可知，便条的内容让人感动，而最后一句更是触动了所有人。故选A。
38．句意：你可以立刻看出Lilo被很好地照顾和爱着。A. figured out弄清楚；B. settled down安定下来；C. tried out尝试；D. cared for照顾。根据便条内容可知，Lilo的主人很爱她，她应该是得到了很好的照顾。故选D。
39．句意：那绝对是事实。A. definitely绝对；B. regularly定期；C. usually通常；D. eventually最终。根据上文"You could tell right away that Lilo was very well____8____ and loved."可知，Lilo被很好地照顾和爱着绝对是事实。故选A。
40．句意：收容所的工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的消息，希望与她的主人取得联系。A. provided提供；B. reviewed回顾；C. posted发布；D. reported报告。根据下文"about Lilo on social media"可知，工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的信息。故选C。
41．句意：收容所的工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的消息，希望与她的主人取得联系。A. set down放下；B. focus on专注于；C. blame for责备；D. connect with联系。根据上文"The shelter staff____10____ about Lilo on social media"及下文"her owner"可推知，工作人员发布消息是希望联系到狗的主人。故选D。
42．句意：在被分开后，Lilo和她的家人在动物中心愉快地团聚了。A. forgotten忘记；B. understood理解；C. cheated欺骗；D. separated分开。根据下文"Lilo and her family had a wonderful reunion at the animal center."可知，Lilo和主人分开后，再次团聚。故选D。
43．句意：房间里的人都流泪了：每个人都非常高兴、兴奋和激动。A. curious好奇的；B. single单一的；C. dry干涸的；D. bright明亮的。根据上文"The last line really____7____ us all here, ‘Please don't abuse me.'"及下文"everyone was extremely happy, excited and emotional"可知，Lilo的故事令人感动，看到她和主人团聚，人们都感动地流下眼泪。故选C。
44．句意：曼恩说，他们将为那些难以支付宠物费用的家庭提供食物和用品。A. willing愿意的；B. struggling挣扎；C. requesting请求；D. managing管理。根据上文"Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families"及下文"to pay for their pets' needs."可知，动物收容所会帮助那些在支付宠物费用上有困难家庭。故选B。
45．句意：动物收容所的目标是让像Lilo这样的狗快乐和安全，有时这意味着超越一切，让它们与爱它们的家庭团聚。A. above and beyond超出责任范围；B. back and forth来回；C. quick and easy快速简单；D. ups and downs起伏。根据上文"Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families____14____ to pay for their pets' needs."及常识可知，动物收容所一般只是收容流浪的动物，而为那些难以支付宠物费用的家庭提供食物和用品，这是超出收容所工作人员责任范围的。故选A。
【答案】46．to witness；47．actresses；48．Despite；49．widely；50．including；51．as；52．graceful；53．a；54．who；55．between
【知识点】说明文；动词不定式；可数名词；简单介词；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了昆曲的艺术地位、历史影响及其作为中国文化象征的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，介词，副词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
46．句意：2001年，当昆曲被联合国教科文组织认定为口头和非物质文化遗产的杰作时，杨凤一仪和其他表演者前往巴黎见证了这一历史性时刻。witness，名词（目击者/证人/证据/证词），动词（目击/见证/是…的证据/为…作证）。本句已有谓语动词，设空处用动词不定式"to witness"作目的状语，故填to witness。
47．句意：在他们短暂的表演之后，其中一位女演员得到了观众的称赞，告诉她昆曲是多么美丽。actress，女演员，可数名词。"one of +复数名词" 表示 "……之一"，"actress"的复数形式是"actresses"，故填actresses。
48．句意：杨说："尽管存在语言障碍和文化差异，观众仍然欣赏这种有600年历史的广告形式。"根据句意可知表示让步关系，后接名词，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母大写，故填Despite。
49．句意：昆曲起源于苏州，在明代广为流行。wide，宽广的/广泛的，形容词。设空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词作状语，故填widely。
50．句意：此后，它影响了中国许多形式的戏剧，包括京剧。include，包含/包括，动词。设空处后接名词，应用介词"including"，意为"包括"，故填including。
51．句意：因此，它被称为中国戏曲之母。"be known as"是固定短语，意为"被称为，被认为是"，故填as。
52．句意：昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。grace，名词（优美/优雅/恩泽/恩典/宽限期/风度），动词（使优美/给……增光）。设空处修饰名词body movements ，应用形容词，故填graceful。
53．句意：作为中国文化的象征，昆曲的故事已经超越了时间和空间。"symbol"是可数名词，这里泛指，应用不定冠词"a"，故填a。
54．句意：经常被比作莎士比亚的剧作家汤显祖创作的《牡丹亭》至今仍受到全世界的喜爱。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，故填who。
55．句意：活的遗产是现在与过去的对话，昆曲是传承这种遗产的一种方式。"between...and..."是固定搭配，表示"在……和…… 之间"，符合句意，故填between。
56．【答案】experiments
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家们进行了更多的实验来进一步证明他们的发现。根据" The scientists conducted more... to further prove their findings. "以及首字母提示可知，科学家们进行了更多的实验来进一步证明他们的发现，故空处表示"实验"，experiment，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被more修饰，应用其复数形式。故填experiments。【点评】考查名词experiment的识记运用以及可数名词的复数形式。注意：首先通读句子，理解句子的整体意思和语境，再根据句子的语法结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性是否为名词，如果空处应填入名词，根据句子的要求和提示词，确定名词的具体形式（如单复数、所有格等）。检查名词与冠词、代词、形容词等的搭配是否正确，将确定好的名词形式填入空格处，并检查句子的语法和语义是否正确。
57．【答案】contact
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：在坠机前，空中交通管制与飞机驾驶员失去了联系。根据"Before the crash, the air traffic control lost... with the pilot of the aero plane. "以及首字母提示可知，坠机前空中交通管制与飞机驾驶员失去了联系，故空处表示"联系"，contact，名词，此处为固定短语lose contact with，与......失去联系，符合语境。故填contact。【点评】考查名词contact的识记运用以及固定短语lose contact with。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
58．【答案】narrowed
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过不断努力，我们成功地缩小了东西经济差距。根据"With constant efforts, we have successfully... the economic gap between the east and the west."以及首字母提示可知，不断努力使得东西经济差距缩小了，故空处表示"缩小"，narrow，动词，" have n1 "为句子的谓语，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的影响，故此处谓语时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，故空处应用其过去分词。故填narrowed。
【点评】考查动词narrow的识记运用以及时态（现在完成时）。注意：注意：1.理解现在完成时的基本概念。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。它由"have/has + 过去分词"构成，其中"have/has"为助动词，用于构成句子的时态。2. 识别现在完成时的标志。在解题过程中，要注意识别现在完成时的标志词，如"already"、"just"、"yet"、"ever"、"never"、"before"、"since+时间点/从句"以及"for+一段时间"等。这些标志词有助于判断句子是否应该使用现在完成时。3. 分析句子结构和语境。句子结构：如果句子中缺少谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词但所填的动词与之是并列关系，那么应填谓语动词，并考虑现在完成时。如果句子中已有谓语动词且不是并列关系，则所给动词应用非谓语形式。但在现在完成时的语境下，主要关注的是谓语动词的形式。语境分析：要根据句子的整体语境判断动作是否已经完成，以及对现在的影响或结果。注意区分现在完成时与一般过去时的区别，前者强调过去动作对现在的影响，后者仅表示过去某个时间点发生的动作。4. 注意助动词"have/has
"的使用。当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用"has"；其余情况用"have"。在构成疑问句或否定句时，要将"have/has"提前或在其后加"not"。5. 掌握现在完成时的常见用法。已完成用法（影响性用法）：表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果。例如："I have finished my work."（我的工作做完了。）未完成用法（持续性用法）：表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去。例如："She has been a teacher for 20 years."（她已当了20年的老师。）6. 练习和巩固。通过大量的练习和巩固，加深对现在完成时态的理解和运用。可以多做一些针对现在完成时的练习题，特别是结合语境和标志词的练习，以提高解题的准确性和效率。
59．【答案】injury
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了防止受伤，你应该在每次跑步前至少热身十分钟。根据" you should warm up for at least ten minutes before each run. "以及首字母提示可知，每次跑步前至少热身十分钟是为了防止受伤，故空处表示"受伤"，injury，不可数名词，作动词不定式To prevent的宾语，符合语境。故填injury。
【点评】考查名词injury的识记运用。注意：语境对于名词的填空至关重要。在填空时，要紧密结合上下文语境，理解句子的整体意思，从而准确判断应填入的名词。
60．【答案】breathed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：她深深地呼吸，很快就被清晨的新鲜空气所安抚。根据"She... deeply and was soon calmed by the fresh morning air. "以及首字母提示可知，她深深地呼吸新鲜空气，故空处表示"呼吸"，breathe，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及was可知，此处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填breathed。
【点评】考查动词breathe的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：注意：1.理解一般过去时的基本概念。一般过去时主要用于描述过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如"yesterday"、"last week"、"two days ago"等。其动词形式为过去式，包括规则动词的过去式（一般在动词后加-ed）和不规则动词的过去式（如"go"的过去式是"went"，"do"的过去式是"did"等）。2. 识别时间状语。在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。3. 分析动词形式。在确定了句子应该使用一般过去时之后，接下来要分析动词的形式。对于规则动词，一般在其后加-ed构成过去式；对于不规则动词，则需要根据记忆或查表来确定其过去式。同时，要注意be动词的一般过去时形式是"was"和"were"，分别用于第一人称和第三人称单数、第一人称和第三人称复数以及第二人称单数和复数。4. 注意语境和逻辑。在解题过程中，除了要考虑时间状语和动词形式之外，还要注意语境和逻辑。有些句子虽然没有明确的时间状语，但根据上下文可以推断出动作发生在过去，此时也应该使用一般过去时。另外，还要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，确保时态的使用符合整个语境的需要。
61．【答案】pretended
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当他妈妈进来时，他关掉电脑，假装在做作业。根据"When his mother came in, he turned off the computer and... to be doing homework."以及首字母提示可知，当他妈妈进来时，他假装在做作业，故空处表示"假装"，pretend，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及turned off可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填pretended。
【点评】考查动词pretend的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。
62．【答案】context
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你可以通过文章的上下文轻松猜出一个未知单词的意思。根据" You can easily guess the meaning of an unknown word through the... of the passage. "以及首字母提示可知，通过文章的上下文可以猜出一个未知单词的意思，故空处表示"上下文"，context，可数名词，此处表示单数意义，应用其单数形式。故填context。
【点评】考查名词context的识记运用。注意：当指具体情境或文本段落时，用可数形式（如：several contexts）；当指抽象的背景概念时，用不可数形式（如：lack of context）。
63．【答案】promote
【知识点】固定短语；动词原形；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色和平组织旨在提升这个社区人们的环保意识。根据" The Greenpeace Organization aims to... people's awareness of environmental protection. "以及首字母提示可知，绿色和平组织旨在提升这个社区人们的环保意识，故空处表示" 促进/推动/提升 "，promote，动词，此处表示"旨在于做某事"，aim to do sth，固定短语，故空处应用动词原形。故填promote。【点评】考查动词promote的识记运用，非谓语动词（动词不定式）以及固定短语aim to do sth。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
64．【答案】former
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这两种可能性中，前者似乎比后者更合理。根据"Of the two possibilities, the...
seems more reasonable than the latter."以及首字母提示可知，前者似乎比后者更合理，故此处表示"前者"，the former，作主语，符合语境。故填former。【点评】考查名词former的识记运用。注意：the former...the latter（前者...后者）固定结构：The former is cheap, the latter is durable.
65．【答案】attempt
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：我们社会中的一些年轻女孩正在节食，试图让自己看起来像身材瘦削的超模。根据"Some young girls in our society are dieting, in an... to look like skinny super-models."以及首字母提示可知，年轻女孩节食是为了让自己看起来像身材瘦削的超模，故此处表示"试图做某事"，in an attempt to do sth，固定短语，符合语境。故填attempt。【点评】考查名词attempt的识记运用以及固定短语in an attempt to do sth。注意：固定搭配和习惯用法是语法填空的常考内容，如果考生对这些搭配记忆不牢，就容易出错。例如，分不清一些动词后面接不定式还是动名词作宾语。应对策略：在平时的学习中，注意积累常见的固定搭配和习惯用法，通过练习加强记忆。
66．【答案】worthwhile
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：不值得在小问题上花那么多时间。根据句意"值得的"和首字母提示可知，此处用形容词worthwhile作表语。故填worthwhile。
【点评】考查考查形容词。 根据句意和结构判断此处应填形容词作表语，识记 "It isn't worthwhile doing sth."（做某事不值得/没意义）这一固定搭配。
67．【答案】fluent
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你打算申请顶尖大学，精通书面英语和英语口语是必须的。根据"If you intend to apply for top universities, it is a must to be... in both written and spoken English."以及首字母提示可知，精通书面英语和英语口语是申请顶尖大学的必须条件，故此处表示"精通……/在……方面流利"，be fluent in，固定短语，符合语境。故填fluent。【点评】考查形容词fluent的识记运用以及固定短语be fluent in。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
68．【答案】contradict
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：令大家失望的是，他的行为与他说的话大相径庭。根据"To everyone's disappointment, his actions... sharply with his words. "以及首字母提示可知，他的行为与他说的话大相径庭，故此处表示"与......相矛盾/抵触"，contradict with，固定短语，符合语境，空处为句子的谓语，此处陈述客观事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，主语his actions为复数，故谓语应用动词原形。故填contradict。【点评】考查动词contradict的识记运用，固定短语contradict with，时态（一般现在时）以及主谓一致。注意：在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复浙江省杭州市滨江区杭二滨江、杭二钱江2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考英语试卷
一、A
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Cooking Classes & Culinary Tours in FlorenceWelcome to Florence, welcome to Taste Florence! Discover the rich taste and culinary (美食的) heritage of Tuscany through an immersive cooking experience! Cooking is not only a delightful way to learn about local traditions, but it also allows you to dip into the authentic tastes of Florence, from fresh pasta to fine desserts.
A Culinary Journey Awaits
Whether you are a seasoned cook or a curious beginner, Taste Florence offers a unique opportunity to deepen your understanding of Italian cuisine while enjoying the vibrant culture of Florence. With its hands-on approach and emphasis on local materials, Taste Florence stands out as an inspiration for culinary enthusiasts eager to explore the heart of Tuscany through its cuisines.
Why Taste Florence
Taste Florence has been sharing the love of Italian cuisine for over a decade and is the top cooking school in the city. Our experienced chefs guide you through hands-on classes where you can learn to prepare traditional dishes using fresh, local materials. We offer a variety of classes, including pasta-making, pizza workshops, and Italian desserts, suitable for all skill levels.
Class Prices
Class Type Duration Price/hour
Pasta-Making Class 3 hours ?75
Pizza Workshop 2 hours ?50
Italian Dessert Class 2.5 hours ?60
Full Italian Feast 4 hours ?100
Culinary Tours
Join our 4-hour culinary tour that takes you through the bustling markets and charming streets of Florence. You'll visit local food stores, taste traditional Tuscan products, and enjoy a meal at a family-run restaurant. Tours start every day at 10:00 am from Piazza della Signoria. You can reserve your spot online or at our Taste Florence location.
1．What is one of the advantages of Taste Florence
A．It offers a variety of international food.
B．It provides free supplies for every class.
C．It has skilled chefs leading the classes.
D．It sets different class sizes for different groups.
2．How much does it cost to learn Italian ice cream making
A．?150. B．?60. C．?75. D．?100.
3．Where does the culinary tour begin
A．At a family-run restaurant.
B．At the local food market.
C．At Piazza della Signoria.
D．At the Taste Florence cooking school.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Taste Florence提供的烹饪课程和美食之旅。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据Why Taste Florence 部分中"Our experienced chefs guide you through hands-on classes where you can learn to prepare traditional dishes using fresh, local materials. (我们经验丰富的厨师会亲自指导你上手操作，教你如何使用新鲜的当地食材准备传统菜肴)"可知，Taste Florence的优势之一是它有经验丰富的厨师指导课程。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Class Prices部分中"Class Type Duration Price/hour(课程类型持续时间价格/小时)"和"Italian Dessert Class 2.5 hours ?60 (意大利甜点课程2.5小时60欧元)"可知，每小时价格是?60，制作意大利冰淇淋属于意大利甜点课程的范畴，所以费用是 2.5×60 = ?150，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段Culinary Tours中"Tours start every day at 10:00 am from Piazza della Signoria. (每天上午10点从Piazza della Signoria开始)"可知，美食之旅从Piazza della Signoria开始。故选C。
二、B
（2025高一上·杭州期末）My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips (连环漫画) in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. They enabled me to enjoy myself in a world without iPads and the Internet — just like so many of my friends who were fond of reading.
While my access to comics as a child was limited to what was printed in the newspaper, this changed once I grew older and started visiting bookstores to buy the books that I wanted to read. Having grown up on a diet of image-heavy books, I found the idea of reading text-only novels quite formidable. As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between, I came across a copy of Bhimayana — a graphic novel. It felt familiar due to its comic-like theme and design. Plus, understanding complex stories through pictures was relatively easier and more fun. And so, as I grew older, I found myself turning to graphic novels from childish comic books.
Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on. For example, when I was reading Joe Sacco's Palestine, I didn't have to imagine the ruin caused by the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. I could actually see it while reading about it.
Fast-forward a few years to when I was given a copy of Jonathan Bloomfield's Palestine: A Novel. Though I was impressed by the compelling (扣人心弦的) nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text-only version so much had I not read Sacco's Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a "picture" of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.
While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is much stronger and here to stay.
4．Why did the author start reading comic books as a child
A．He found comic books interesting.
B．He couldn't go to bookstores.
C．He wanted to be different from his friends.
D．He had limited access to other books.
5．Which word can best explain the underlined word "formidable" in paragraph 27
A．Acceptable. B．Natural. C．Difficult. D．Interesting.
6．What does the author say about reading Sacco's Palestine
A．It changed his attitude to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
B．It made his understanding of Bloomfield's book easier.
C．It encouraged him to read more text-only novels.
D．It prepared him to write in a more serious way.
7．What does the author mainly talk about in the passage
A．Comic books are more an just pictures.
B．Why he loves reading graphic novels.
C．Why he turned to serious novels eventually.
D．Picture books are here to stay for many reasons.
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．B
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；夹叙夹议；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者从小对漫画书的喜爱，随着成长转向图文小说，阐述了喜欢图文小说的原因。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段"My initial exploration of the world of comic books happened through the comic strips (连环漫画) in newspapers. It began with a fondness for Garfield and his adventures, and led to the discovery of a range of comic books like Champak, Tintin, and Archie. (我最初对漫画世界的探索是从报纸上的连环画开始的。这始于对加菲猫及其冒险故事的喜爱，并由此发现了一系列漫画书，如《昌帕克》《丁丁历险记》和《阿奇》)"可知，作者小时候开始读漫画书是因为他觉得漫画书有趣。故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据第二段"Having grown up on a diet of image heavy books, I found the idea of reading text only novels quiteformidable.(从小看了大量以图片为主的书，我觉得读纯文字小说的想法相当……)"以及后文"As I searched for books that lay somewhere in between(当我寻找介于两者之间的书时)"可推知，作者习惯了图片多的书，所以觉得读纯文字小说有难度，才会寻找介于两者之间的书。所以划线词"formidable"意思是"困难的"，与"Difficult"同义。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段"Though I was impressed by the compelling nature of storytelling in his book, I am not sure if I would have been able to visualize and enjoy his text only version so much had I not read Sacco's Palestine first. Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a ‘picture' of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.(虽然我对他书中引人入胜的叙事方式印象深刻，但我不确定如果我没有先读萨科的《巴勒斯坦》，我是否能如此生动地想象并享受他那纯文字版的书。多亏了这本图文小说，我对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，这让理解整个故事的细节变得更容易、更有趣)"可知，读萨科的《巴勒斯坦》让作者对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，让他更容易理解布卢姆菲尔德的书。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据第二段"And so, as I grew older, I found myself turning to graphic novels from childish comic books.(所以，随着年龄的增长，我发现自己从幼稚的漫画书转向了图文小说)"、第三段中"Graphic novels dealt with serious topics in a more engaging manner. They would literally show me what was going on.(图文小说以更引人入胜的方式处理严肃的话题。它们能让我直观地看到发生了什么)"、第四段中"Thanks to the graphic novel, I had a ‘picture' of whatever had happened, and that made it easier and more fun to understand the details of the whole story.(多亏了这本图文小说，我对发生的一切有了一个‘画面'，这让理解整个故事的细节变得更容易、更有趣)"和最后一段中"While my romance with comic books is still ongoing, in the long run, my love for graphic novels is much stronger and here to stay.(虽然我与漫画书的爱情仍在继续，但从长远来看，我对图文小说的爱要强烈得多，而且会一直持续下去)"可知，文章重点阐述了作者对图文小说的喜欢和原因。由此可知，B项"他为什么喜欢读图文小说"能概括文章内容。故选B。
三、C
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Every day, we face a range of decisions, from picking a shirt for work to choosing a job. Some of these decisions have far-reaching consequences that may impact the rest of our lives. These choices can be difficult, and we aren't often aware of the reasons behind why we make certain choices. A new study explores how we make decisions when it comes to short and long-term rewards. It found that we were more impulsive (冲动) with decisions that may bring about an immediate reward than those that have longer-term consequences.
The study was conducted by Professor Pleger from Ruhr University Bochum. The team wanted to know how we make decisions about what to eat and where. They asked participants to choose between smaller immediate rewards and larger rewards that they had to wait for. The longer they waited, the bigger the reward. Brain activity was observed using functional MRI, which shows which parts of the brain are active during decision-making.
The brain observation revealed interesting differences when it came to each type of reward. When people made decisions about money, brain areas responsible for thinking about the future and self-control were more active. When deciding about food, the areas that are linked to immediate satisfaction were more involved. This means that our decision-making pattern depends on the type of reward that we are given.
By understanding how our brains respond to different types of rewards, we may develop better tools that control how we make those decisions that may have serious consequences in our lives. Professor Pleger believes that understanding these differences can lead to new treatments for impulsive behaviors and addictions. For example, Neurofeedback (神经反馈) can observe real-time brain activity to help individuals manage their brain functions, which can help them make particularly difficult decisions, specifically when it comes to unhealthy or addictive choices.
8．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The process of Pleger's study. B．The causes of brain activity.
C．The theory of people's choices. D．The methods of decision making.
9．According to the study, what influences the decision-making pattern
A．The desire for long-term rewards.
B．The kind of reward provided.
C．The ability to control one's desire.
D．The focus on immediate satisfaction.
10．Why does the author mention the example in the last paragraph
A．To prove the theory of the study.
B．To show the application of the study.
C．To compare different types of rewards.
D．To praise the usefulness of the Neurofeedback.
11．What can be a best title for the text
A．How to Make Reasonable Decisions
B．Can You Wait Longer Before Decisions
C．How Is Decision-Making Pattern Benefit Us
D．Are Your Decisions Based on Impulse or Reason
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．B
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；段落大意；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了我们的决策是基于冲动还是理性，以及这种决策模式如何影响我们的生活。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，段落大意题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
8．段落大意题。根据第二段"The team wanted to know how we make decisions about what to eat and how to make a profit. They asked subjects to choose between smaller immediate rewards and larger rewards that they had to wait for. The longer they waited, the bigger the reward. Brain activity was observed using functional MRI, which shows which parts of the brain are active during decision-making. (这个团队想知道我们是如何决定吃什么以及如何盈利的。他们要求受试者在较小的即时奖励和必须等待的较大奖励之间做出选择。他们等待的时间越长，奖励就越大。研究人员使用功能性核磁共振成像来观察大脑活动，该成像显示出大脑的哪些部分在做决策时是活跃的。)"可知，第二段主要描述了Pleger的研究过程。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段"This means that our decision-making pattern depends on the type of reward that we are given. (这意味着我们的决策模式取决于我们获得的奖励类型。)"可知，决策模式受到奖励类型的影响。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Professor Pleger believes that understanding these differences can lead to new treatments for impulsive behaviors and addictions. For example, Neurofeedback (神经反馈) can observe real-time brain activity to help individuals manage their brain functions, which can help them make particularly difficult decisions, specifically surrounding unhealthy or addictive choices. (普莱格教授认为，了解这些差异可以为冲动行为和成瘾带来新的治疗方法。例如，神经反馈可以观察实时大脑活动，帮助个体管理他们的大脑功能，这可以帮助他们做出特别困难的决定，特别是围绕不健康或上瘾的选择。)"可知，作者提到这个例子是为了展示研究的应用。故选B。
11．标题选择题。根据第一段"A new study explores how we make decisions when it comes to short and long-term rewards . It found that we were more impulsive (冲动) with decisions that may bring about an immediate reward than those that have longer-term consequences. (一项新的研究探讨了我们在短期和长期奖励方面是如何做出决定的。研究发现，与那些有长期影响的决定相比，我们在做出可能带来即时回报的决定时更容易冲动。)"和最后一段"By understanding how our brains respond to different types of rewards, we may develop better tools that control how we make those decisions that may have serious consequences in our lives. (通过了解我们的大脑对不同类型奖励的反应，我们可以开发出更好的工具来控制我们如何做出那些可能对我们的生活产生严重后果的决定。)"可知文章主要讨论了我们的决策是基于冲动还是理性，以及这种决策模式如何影响我们的生活。故短文的最佳标题为"你的决定是基于冲动还是理性？"切题。故选D。
四、D
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Hundreds of millions of birds die every year from crashing into windows, one of the biggest sources of human-caused bird deaths - far greater than wind turbines (风力涡轮机) and airplane strikes combined. In an effort to help birds see the glass before it's too late, people may stick coloured films (薄膜) on their windows - often on the indoor side. But a recent s study in PeerJ Life&Environment shows that such films work only on a window's outside surface.
"Putting these window films on the inside really is not giving you the benefit that you would want for protecting the birds," says John P. Swaddle, a biologist at the College of William and Mary and lead author of the new study.
To test the films' effectiveness, Swaddle and his co-workers applied one of two widely available film to either inner or outer window surfaces. On film reflected shorter light wavelengths (波长) that humans cannot see, and the other reflected longer wavelengths (many birds can see both). Both films helped to prevent bird strikes by more than 35 percent when put on the outside surface, the study found - but films on the inside had no benefit at all.
"It's some important work about the small differences between what can and can't work in terms of preventing window strikes from birds," says George Mason University biologist David Luther, who studies how birds adapt to cities.
People usually find it much easier to put films on the inside of a window, says Natalia Ocampo-Penuela, a conservation ecologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz. "For taller buildings, to apply something to the outside, you need scaffolds (脚手架)... you need to clean the windows extra well for them to apply correctly, and they don't last as long."
12．Why are bird deaths caused by wind turbines and airplane strikes mentioned in Paragraph 1？
A．To share some shocking news about bird deaths.
B．To stress the importance of protecting wild birds.
C．To remind people to stick more colourful films on the windows.
D．To introduce the serious problem of birds crashing into windows.
13．What determines the effect of the experiment result
A．The materials chosen to make the film.
B．The quality of the films used in the study.
C．The wavelengths of the light reflected by films.
D．The side of the window that the film is applied to
14．Which of the following statements is David Luther most likely to agree with
A．Birds can adapt to city life without much help from humans.
B．There is little people can do to keep birds from striking windows.
C．It isn't worth the efforts to place films on the outside of the windows.
D．Research on preventing birds from hitting windows is of great importance.
15．What is the main purpose of the writer writing the passage
A．Discuss different approaches for decreasing bird deaths.
B．To call on bird lovers to create a bird-friendly environment.
C．To present a study on window films for reducing bird strikes.
D．To teach readers how to apply coloured films to the windows.
【答案】12．D
13．D
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每年有数亿只鸟因撞窗而死亡，人们通过在窗户上贴彩色薄膜来减少此类事件，但研究表明薄膜只有贴在窗户外侧才有效。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段"Hundreds of millions of birds die every year from crashing into windows, one of the biggest sources of human-caused bird deaths - far greater than wind turbines (风力涡轮机) and airplane strikes combined. (每年有数亿只鸟因撞到窗户而死亡，这是人类造成鸟类死亡的最大原因之一，远远超过风力涡轮机和飞机撞击的总和。)"可推断提及风力涡轮机和飞机撞击导致的鸟类死亡，是为了通过对比，突出鸟类撞上窗户这一问题的严重性，从而引出下文关于解决鸟类撞窗问题的讨论。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段"To test the films' effectiveness, Swaddle and his co-workers applied one of two widely available film to either inner or outer window surfaces. On film reflected shorter light wavelengths (波长) that humans cannot see, and the other reflected longer wavelengths (many birds can see both). Both films helped to prevent bird strikes by more than 35 percent when put on the outside surface, the study found - but films on the inside had no benefit at all. (为了测试薄膜的有效性，Swaddle和他的同事将两种广泛使用的薄膜中的一种涂在窗户的内外表面。底片上反射的是人类看不见的较短波长的光，而底片上反射的是较长的波长（许多鸟类两者都能看到）。研究发现，这两种薄膜在外表面上都能防止35%以上的鸟撞，但在内侧则没有任何效果。)"这表明决定实验结果效果的是薄膜贴在窗户的哪一侧，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段""It's some important work about the small differences between what can and can't work in terms of preventing window strikes from birds," says George Mason University biologist David Luther, who studies how birds adapt to cities. (乔治梅森大学研究鸟类如何适应城市的生物学家David Luther说："这是一项重要的工作，研究了在防止鸟类撞击窗户方面，什么能起作用，什么不能起作用的微小差异。")" 可知这表明David Luther认为关于防止鸟类撞窗的研究很重要，故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头提到每年有数亿只鸟因撞窗而死亡，接着介绍一项关于窗户薄膜的研究，以及这项研究的过程和结果，由此可知，本文主要是介绍了一项关于窗户薄膜减少鸟类撞击的研究，故选C。
五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Criticism is never fun. If it is helpful, then you can use it to become a more well-rounded person. If it's only meant to harm you, then you can work on shaking it off like a bad habit. How do you deal with it 16．
Accept that you're not perfect. This is a great way to deal with criticism. To be able to take a little bit of feedback, you can't keep thinking that you can do no wrong. Nobody's perfect, so if you think you're perfect, then you're nobody. Every person has disadvantages. 17．
See if there's some truth to it. If the feedback is coming from a person who has your best interest in mind, then you have to consider the possibility that there really is some truth to those words. 18． If ten people say that you are selfish, then they can't all be wrong, can they Take a moment to consider the possibility that this person is really on to something.
19． If you have received some criticism delivered in a friendly and helpful way, or just in a way meant to be honest and clear, just take the time to thank the person and to say that you appreciate the fact that the person told you something that can make you an even better friend, student, or professional.
Stop making excuses. If someone is giving you reasonable criticism, stop making excuses. If you get defensive (戒备的) and make excuses, then the person won't be able to finish telling you exactly what he or she means, and you won't get the information you need to really improve. It's natural that we feel defensive and get the feeling that we can do no wrong. 20．
A. Make yourself a better person.
B. The following tips can be helpful.
C. Thank the person for being honest.
D. Most people are able to deal with criticism properly.
E. It's even more likely if you've heard similar comments before.
F. But it's important to hear people out before you cut them off to prove you're perfect.
G. If you don't see any of yours, you're not analyzing yourself as closely as you should.
【答案】16．B；17．G；18．E；19．C；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对批评，并给出了几条实用的建议。备选项的中文意思：
A. 让自己成为更优秀的人。
B. 以下建议可能会有帮助。
C. 感谢这个人的坦诚。
D. 大多数人能够正确应对批评。
E. 如果你之前听过类似的评价，这种可能性就更大了。
F. 但在你打断别人以证明自己完美之前，先倾听他们的意见很重要。
G. 如果你没发现自己的问题，那说明你没有像应该的那样仔细地剖析自己。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
16．根据上文"Criticism is never fun. If it is helpful, then you can use it to become a more well-rounded person. If it's only meant to harm you, then you can work on shaking it off like a bad habit. How do you deal with it (批评从来都不好玩。如果它是有帮助的，那么你可以用它来成为一个更全面的人。如果它只是为了伤害你，那么你可以把它当作一个坏习惯来摆脱。你是怎么处理的？)"可知，文章接下来会给出一些应对批评的建议。由此可知，B. The following tips can be helpful.(以下建议可能会有帮助。)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
17．根据上文"Accept that you're not perfect. This is a great way to deal with criticism. To be able to take a little bit of feedback, you can't keep thinking that you can do no wrong. Nobody's perfect, so if you think you're perfect, then you're nobody. Every person has disadvantages.(接受你并不完美的事实。这是处理批评的好方法。为了能够得到一些反馈，你不能一直认为自己不会犯错。没有人是完美的，所以如果你认为自己是完美的，那你就什么都不是。每个人都有缺点)"可知，没有人是完美的，任何人都有缺点，如果你看不到自己的缺点，说明你没有足够仔细地分析自己。由此可知，G. If you don't see any of yours, you're not analyzing yourself as closely as you should.(如果你没发现自己的问题，那说明你没有像应该的那样仔细地剖析自己。)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
18．根据上文"See if there's some truth to it. If the feedback is coming from a person who has your best interest in mind, then you have to consider the possibility that there really is some truth to those words.(看看这是不是真的。如果反馈来自于一个最关心你的人，那么你必须考虑这些话是否真的有一些道理)"及下文"If ten people say that you are selfish, then they can't all be wrong, can they Take a moment to consider the possibility that this person is really on to something.(如果十个人都说你自私，那他们不可能都是错的，对吧？花点时间考虑一下这个人是否真的有道理)"可知，如果多次听到对你类似的批评，更应该认真对待。由此可知，E. It's even more likely if you've heard similar comments before.(如果你之前听过类似的评价，这种可能性就更大了。)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
19．根据下文"If you have received some criticism delivered in a friendly and helpful way, or just in a way meant to be honest and clear, just take the time to thank the person and to say that you appreciate the fact that the person told you something that can make you an even better friend, student, or professional.(如果你收到了一些以友好和有益的方式提出的批评，或者只是以诚实和清晰的方式提出的批评，那就花点时间感谢这个人，并说你很感激这个人告诉你一些可以让你成为更好的朋友、学生或专业人士的事情)"可知，我们要感谢对你坦诚相待的人。由此可知，C. Thank the person for being honest.(感谢这个人的坦诚。)能够引领下文，符合语境。故选C。
20．根据上文"Stop making excuses. If someone is giving you reasonable criticism, stop making excuses. If you get defensive (戒备的) and make excuses, then the person won't be able to finish telling you exactly what he or she means, and you won't get the information you need to really improve. It's natural that we feel defensive and get the feeling that we can do no wrong.(不要再找借口了。如果有人给你合理的批评，不要再找借口了。如果你有戒心并找借口，那么对方就无法把他或她的意思确切地告诉你，你也无法得到你需要的信息来真正改进。我们很自然地会感到自我防卫，觉得自己不会做错)"可知，此处强调要听完别人的批评，而不是急于找借口证明自己是对的。由此可知，F. But it's important to hear people out before you cut them off to prove you're perfect.(但在你打断别人以证明自己完美之前，先倾听他们的意见很重要。)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选。故选F。
六、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
21．（2025高一上·杭州期末）With more volunteers, more students will be able to ________ in the summer camp next year.
A．identify B．enroll C．weave D．construct
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】 句意：有了更多的志愿者，明年将有更多的学生能够参加夏令营。A. identify识别，辨认；B. enroll报名；C. weave编造；D. construct建造。 根据空后"in the summer camp next year"可知，此处表示参加夏令营。动词短语enroll in"参加"。故选B。【点评】考查动词辨析。 注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
22．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Leaders of several nations attended the ________ on global warming held last week.
A．summit B．promotion C．transaction D．term
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：几位国家的领导人参加了上周举行的关于全球变暖的峰会。A. summit峰会，高层会议；B. promotion晋升；C. transaction交易；D. term术语。结合on global warming held last week可知，空格处应表达"峰会"，用summit。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
23．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Those living in ________ can find it difficult to afford necessities like housing or food.
A．reality B．advance C．poverty D．pain
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：生活在贫困中的人可能会发现很难负担得起住房或食物等必需品。A. reality现实；B. advance进步；C. poverty贫穷；D. pain痛苦。由句意和difficult to afford necessities like housing or food可知，这里指生活在贫困中的人很难负担一些生活必需品。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
24．（2025高一上·杭州期末）For those ________ by too many choices, the simple three-course set menu is a perfect decision.
A．hooted B．meditated C．overwhelmed D．dawned
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：对于被太多选择所困扰的人来说，简单的三道菜套餐是一个完美的决定。 A. hooted轰赶； B. meditated冥想，深思； C. overwhelmed使不知所措，压倒； D. dawned破晓，开始明白。根据句意可知，对于被太多选择所困扰的人来说，简单的三道菜套餐是一个完美的决定。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
25．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Compared with digital invitations, printed ones are neither practical nor ________.
A．legal B．outdated C．specific D．cost-effective
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：与数字邀请函相比，印刷的邀请函既不实用也不划算。A. legal合法的；B. outdated过时的；C. specific具体的；D. cost-effective划算的。根据句意，空格处需要填入一个与practical（实用）并列的形容词，且与digital invitations（数字邀请函）形成对比。cost-effective划算的，符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。
26．（2025高一上·杭州期末）China National Space Administration announced a delay on Tuesday in ________ the spaceship due to weather conditions.
A．importing B．exporting C．disrupting D．launching
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：中国国家航天局周二宣布，由于天气原因，该飞船将推迟发射。A. importing进口；B. exporting出口；C. disrupting扰乱；D. launching发射。根据句意和"spaceship"可知，此处表示发射飞船，动词launch符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
27．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The men was found ________ this Thursday to crimes but will not serve prison time.
A．addicted B．invited C．guilty D．limited
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这两名男子于本周四被判有罪，但不会服刑。A. addicted上瘾的；B. invited受邀，动词；C. guilty有罪的；D. limited有限的。根据后文"this Thursday to crimes"指被判有罪。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
28．（2025高一上·杭州期末）One company's recent reform has proven to be a ________ to the entire industry.
A．blow B．consumption C．resignation D．boost
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：事实证明，一家公司最近的改革对整个行业起到了推动作用。A. blow打击；B. consumption消耗；C. resignation辞职；D. boost推动。根据句意，改革通常会对行业产生积极的影响，因此此处应填入一个表示积极意义的词。名词boost表示"推动、促进"，符合句意。故选D。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
29．（2025高一上·杭州期末）In late 2023, ________ winter storms hit the city, causing great damage.
A．moderate B．violent C．mild D．virtual
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：2023 年末，猛烈的冬季风暴袭击了这座城市，造成了巨大破坏。A. moderate适度的，中等的；B. violent猛烈地，激烈的；C. mild温和的，轻微的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文"causing great damage"可知应是猛烈的风暴，故选B。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
30．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Please accept my ________ for the loss of your beloved pet dog.
A．sympathy B．strength C．sentence D．stuffing
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：请接受我对你心爱宠物狗离世的慰问。A. sympathy同情、慰问；B. strength力量；C. sentence句子、判决；D. stuffing填料、填充物。根据"the loss of your beloved pet dog"可推知，此处是表达对对方失去宠物狗的一种安慰之情，用名词sympathy最为合适。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
（2025高一上·杭州期末）Animal shelters are used to taking in stray dogs (流浪狗), but this dog named Lilo came to McKamey Animal Center off the street with an added surprise — a 31． .
"We 32． a call saying that there was a large dog running around with a leash (绳索)", said Lauren Mann, director of the shelter. "So, our animal protection team went out and 33． her up. When they were to bring her back, we 34． the note, which read, ‘Please love me. My mom can't keep me and is homeless with two kids. She tried her best but can't get help — I 35． too much for her. She really loves me and I'm a great dog.'"
"It is one of the 36． things I've ever read," Mann said. "The last line really 37． us all here, ‘Please don't abuse me.' You could tell right away that Lilo was very well 38． and loved. That was 39． the truth."
The shelter staff 40． about Lilo on social media, hoping to 41． her owner. About 24 hours later, a woman called saying she was Lilo's mom. After being 42． , Lilo and her family had a wonderful reunion at the animal center. There was not a 43． eye in the room: everyone was extremely happy, excited and emotional.
Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families 44． to pay for their pets' needs. The goal of animal shelters is to keep dogs like Lilo happy and safe-and sometimes that means going 45． to reunite them with the family that loves them.
31．A．key B．note C．fact D．prize
32．A．made B．missed C．received D．returned
33．A．gave B．picked C．woke D．brought
34．A．created B．sent C．found D．wrote
35．A．moved B．meant C．carried D．cost
36．A．easiest B．saddest C．coolest D．wisest
37．A．hit B．annoyed C．attached D．buried
38．A．figured out B．settled down C．tried out D．cared for
39．A．definitely B．regularly C．usually D．eventually
40．A．provided B．reviewed C．posted D．reported
41．A．set down B．focus on C．blame for D．connect with
42．A．forgotten B．understood C．cheated D．separated
43．A．curious B．single C．dry D．bright
44．A．willing B．struggling C．requesting D．managing
45．A．above and beyond B．back and forth
C．quick and easy D．ups and downs
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．B；34．C；35．D；36．B；37．A；38．D；39．A；40．C；41．D；42．D；43．C；44．B；45．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只名叫Lilo的狗被送到McKamey动物中心，以及它最终与主人团聚的温馨故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
31．句意：动物收容所习惯于收容流浪狗，但这只名叫Lilo的狗从街上来到McKamey动物中心，带来了一个额外的惊喜——一张便条。A. key钥匙；B. note便条；C. fact事实；D. prize奖品。根据下文"When they were to bring her back, we____4____ the note, which read"可知， Lilo带着一张便条。故选B。
32．句意："我们接到一个电话，说有一只大狗拴着绳索跑来跑去，"收容所负责人劳伦·曼恩说。A. made制作；B. missed错过；C. received接到；D. returned返回。根据下文"a call saying that there was a large dog running around with a leash (绳索)"可知，动物中心接到了电话。故选C。
33．句意：所以，我们的动物保护小组出去把她接了回来。A. gave给予；B. picked捡起；C. woke唤醒；D. brought带来。根据下文"When they were to bring her back"可知，动物保护小组出去把Lilo接了回来。固定搭配pick up"接人，搭载：指去接人或搭载乘客"。故选B。
34．句意：当他们要把她带回来时，我们发现了那张纸条，上面写着："请爱我。我妈妈不能养我，带着两个孩子无家可归。她尽了最大的努力，但无法得到帮助——我为她付出了太多。她真的很爱我，我是一只很棒的狗。"A. created创造；B. sent发送；C. found发现；D. wrote写。根据上文"When they were to bring her back,"及下文"the note, which read"可知，动物保护小组发现了这张便条。故选C。
35．句意：当他们要把她带回来时，我们发现了那张纸条，上面写着："请爱我。我妈妈不能养我，带着两个孩子无家可归。她尽了最大的努力，但无法得到帮助——我为她付出了太多。她真的很爱我，我是一只很棒的狗。"。A. moved移动；B. meant意味着；C. carried携带；D. cost花费。根据上文"She tried her best but can't get help"及下文"too much for her."可知，Lilo的主人为它花费了很多。故选D。
36．句意："这是我读过的最悲伤的事情之一，"曼恩说。A. easiest最容易的；B. saddest最悲伤的；C. coolest最酷的；D. wisest最明智的。根据上文"Please love me. My mom can't keep me and is homeless with two kids. She tried her best but can't get help — I____5____ too much for her. She really loves me and I'm a great dog."可知，Lilo随身携带的边条上的内容体现了无助、心酸、忠诚与爱的交织，所以Mann认为这是最悲伤的事情之一。故选B。
37．句意：最后一句真的触动了我们所有人，"请不要虐待我。"A. hit触动；B. annoyed恼怒；C. attached附加；D. buried埋葬。根据上文""It is one of the____6____ things I've ever read," Mann said."可知，便条的内容让人感动，而最后一句更是触动了所有人。故选A。
38．句意：你可以立刻看出Lilo被很好地照顾和爱着。A. figured out弄清楚；B. settled down安定下来；C. tried out尝试；D. cared for照顾。根据便条内容可知，Lilo的主人很爱她，她应该是得到了很好的照顾。故选D。
39．句意：那绝对是事实。A. definitely绝对；B. regularly定期；C. usually通常；D. eventually最终。根据上文"You could tell right away that Lilo was very well____8____ and loved."可知，Lilo被很好地照顾和爱着绝对是事实。故选A。
40．句意：收容所的工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的消息，希望与她的主人取得联系。A. provided提供；B. reviewed回顾；C. posted发布；D. reported报告。根据下文"about Lilo on social media"可知，工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的信息。故选C。
41．句意：收容所的工作人员在社交媒体上发布了关于Lilo的消息，希望与她的主人取得联系。A. set down放下；B. focus on专注于；C. blame for责备；D. connect with联系。根据上文"The shelter staff____10____ about Lilo on social media"及下文"her owner"可推知，工作人员发布消息是希望联系到狗的主人。故选D。
42．句意：在被分开后，Lilo和她的家人在动物中心愉快地团聚了。A. forgotten忘记；B. understood理解；C. cheated欺骗；D. separated分开。根据下文"Lilo and her family had a wonderful reunion at the animal center."可知，Lilo和主人分开后，再次团聚。故选D。
43．句意：房间里的人都流泪了：每个人都非常高兴、兴奋和激动。A. curious好奇的；B. single单一的；C. dry干涸的；D. bright明亮的。根据上文"The last line really____7____ us all here, ‘Please don't abuse me.'"及下文"everyone was extremely happy, excited and emotional"可知，Lilo的故事令人感动，看到她和主人团聚，人们都感动地流下眼泪。故选C。
44．句意：曼恩说，他们将为那些难以支付宠物费用的家庭提供食物和用品。A. willing愿意的；B. struggling挣扎；C. requesting请求；D. managing管理。根据上文"Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families"及下文"to pay for their pets' needs."可知，动物收容所会帮助那些在支付宠物费用上有困难家庭。故选B。
45．句意：动物收容所的目标是让像Lilo这样的狗快乐和安全，有时这意味着超越一切，让它们与爱它们的家庭团聚。A. above and beyond超出责任范围；B. back and forth来回；C. quick and easy快速简单；D. ups and downs起伏。根据上文"Mann said they'll give food and supplies to families____14____ to pay for their pets' needs."及常识可知，动物收容所一般只是收容流浪的动物，而为那些难以支付宠物费用的家庭提供食物和用品，这是超出收容所工作人员责任范围的。故选A。
八、第三节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2025高一上·杭州期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式) 。
In 2001, when Kunqu Opera was recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage, Yang Fengyi and other performers traveled to Paris 46． (witness) the historic moment. After their short performance, one of the 47． (actress) received praise from an audience, telling her how beautiful Kunqu Opera was. " 48． the language barrier and cultural differences, the audience still appreciated the 600-year-old ad form," says Yang.
Born in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera became 49． (wide) popular during the Ming Dynasty. It influenced many forms of opera in China thereafter, 50． (include) Peking Opera. It is therefore known 51． the mother of all Chinese operas.
Combining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, 52． (grace) body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses an endless variety of movements to express specific emotions.
As 53． symbol of Chinese culture, stories performed in Kunqu Opera have gone beyond time and space. The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), written by playwright Tang Xianzu, 54． is often compared to Shakespeare, remains loved worldwide. A living heritage is a dialogue 55． the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a means to pass that legacy on.
【答案】46．to witness；47．actresses；48．Despite；49．widely；50．including；51．as；52．graceful；53．a；54．who；55．between
【知识点】说明文；动词不定式；可数名词；简单介词；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了昆曲的艺术地位、历史影响及其作为中国文化象征的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，介词，副词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
46．句意：2001年，当昆曲被联合国教科文组织认定为口头和非物质文化遗产的杰作时，杨凤一仪和其他表演者前往巴黎见证了这一历史性时刻。witness，名词（目击者/证人/证据/证词），动词（目击/见证/是…的证据/为…作证）。本句已有谓语动词，设空处用动词不定式"to witness"作目的状语，故填to witness。
47．句意：在他们短暂的表演之后，其中一位女演员得到了观众的称赞，告诉她昆曲是多么美丽。actress，女演员，可数名词。"one of +复数名词" 表示 "……之一"，"actress"的复数形式是"actresses"，故填actresses。
48．句意：杨说："尽管存在语言障碍和文化差异，观众仍然欣赏这种有600年历史的广告形式。"根据句意可知表示让步关系，后接名词，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母大写，故填Despite。
49．句意：昆曲起源于苏州，在明代广为流行。wide，宽广的/广泛的，形容词。设空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词作状语，故填widely。
50．句意：此后，它影响了中国许多形式的戏剧，包括京剧。include，包含/包括，动词。设空处后接名词，应用介词"including"，意为"包括"，故填including。
51．句意：因此，它被称为中国戏曲之母。"be known as"是固定短语，意为"被称为，被认为是"，故填as。
52．句意：昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。grace，名词（优美/优雅/恩泽/恩典/宽限期/风度），动词（使优美/给……增光）。设空处修饰名词body movements ，应用形容词，故填graceful。
53．句意：作为中国文化的象征，昆曲的故事已经超越了时间和空间。"symbol"是可数名词，这里泛指，应用不定冠词"a"，故填a。
54．句意：经常被比作莎士比亚的剧作家汤显祖创作的《牡丹亭》至今仍受到全世界的喜爱。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，故填who。
55．句意：活的遗产是现在与过去的对话，昆曲是传承这种遗产的一种方式。"between...and..."是固定搭配，表示"在……和…… 之间"，符合句意，故填between。
九、根据首字母提示，写出各单词的正确形式。注意！！写到答卷上时务必写完整单词含首字母。
56．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The scientists conducted more e to further prove their findings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】experiments
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家们进行了更多的实验来进一步证明他们的发现。根据" The scientists conducted more... to further prove their findings. "以及首字母提示可知，科学家们进行了更多的实验来进一步证明他们的发现，故空处表示"实验"，experiment，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被more修饰，应用其复数形式。故填experiments。【点评】考查名词experiment的识记运用以及可数名词的复数形式。注意：首先通读句子，理解句子的整体意思和语境，再根据句子的语法结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性是否为名词，如果空处应填入名词，根据句子的要求和提示词，确定名词的具体形式（如单复数、所有格等）。检查名词与冠词、代词、形容词等的搭配是否正确，将确定好的名词形式填入空格处，并检查句子的语法和语义是否正确。
57．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Before the crash, the air traffic control lost c with the pilot of the aero plane. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】contact
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：在坠机前，空中交通管制与飞机驾驶员失去了联系。根据"Before the crash, the air traffic control lost... with the pilot of the aero plane. "以及首字母提示可知，坠机前空中交通管制与飞机驾驶员失去了联系，故空处表示"联系"，contact，名词，此处为固定短语lose contact with，与......失去联系，符合语境。故填contact。【点评】考查名词contact的识记运用以及固定短语lose contact with。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
58．（2025高一上·杭州期末）With constant efforts, we have successfully n the economic gap between the east and the west. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】narrowed
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过不断努力，我们成功地缩小了东西经济差距。根据"With constant efforts, we have successfully... the economic gap between the east and the west."以及首字母提示可知，不断努力使得东西经济差距缩小了，故空处表示"缩小"，narrow，动词，" have n1 "为句子的谓语，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的影响，故此处谓语时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，故空处应用其过去分词。故填narrowed。
【点评】考查动词narrow的识记运用以及时态（现在完成时）。注意：注意：1.理解现在完成时的基本概念。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。它由"have/has + 过去分词"构成，其中"have/has"为助动词，用于构成句子的时态。2. 识别现在完成时的标志。在解题过程中，要注意识别现在完成时的标志词，如"already"、"just"、"yet"、"ever"、"never"、"before"、"since+时间点/从句"以及"for+一段时间"等。这些标志词有助于判断句子是否应该使用现在完成时。3. 分析句子结构和语境。句子结构：如果句子中缺少谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词但所填的动词与之是并列关系，那么应填谓语动词，并考虑现在完成时。如果句子中已有谓语动词且不是并列关系，则所给动词应用非谓语形式。但在现在完成时的语境下，主要关注的是谓语动词的形式。语境分析：要根据句子的整体语境判断动作是否已经完成，以及对现在的影响或结果。注意区分现在完成时与一般过去时的区别，前者强调过去动作对现在的影响，后者仅表示过去某个时间点发生的动作。4. 注意助动词"have/has
"的使用。当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用"has"；其余情况用"have"。在构成疑问句或否定句时，要将"have/has"提前或在其后加"not"。5. 掌握现在完成时的常见用法。已完成用法（影响性用法）：表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果。例如："I have finished my work."（我的工作做完了。）未完成用法（持续性用法）：表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去。例如："She has been a teacher for 20 years."（她已当了20年的老师。）6. 练习和巩固。通过大量的练习和巩固，加深对现在完成时态的理解和运用。可以多做一些针对现在完成时的练习题，特别是结合语境和标志词的练习，以提高解题的准确性和效率。
59．（2025高一上·杭州期末）To prevent i , you should warm up for at least ten minutes before each run. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】injury
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：为了防止受伤，你应该在每次跑步前至少热身十分钟。根据" you should warm up for at least ten minutes before each run. "以及首字母提示可知，每次跑步前至少热身十分钟是为了防止受伤，故空处表示"受伤"，injury，不可数名词，作动词不定式To prevent的宾语，符合语境。故填injury。
【点评】考查名词injury的识记运用。注意：语境对于名词的填空至关重要。在填空时，要紧密结合上下文语境，理解句子的整体意思，从而准确判断应填入的名词。
60．（2025高一上·杭州期末）She b deeply and was soon calmed by the fresh morning air. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】breathed
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：她深深地呼吸，很快就被清晨的新鲜空气所安抚。根据"She... deeply and was soon calmed by the fresh morning air. "以及首字母提示可知，她深深地呼吸新鲜空气，故空处表示"呼吸"，breathe，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及was可知，此处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填breathed。
【点评】考查动词breathe的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：注意：1.理解一般过去时的基本概念。一般过去时主要用于描述过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如"yesterday"、"last week"、"two days ago"等。其动词形式为过去式，包括规则动词的过去式（一般在动词后加-ed）和不规则动词的过去式（如"go"的过去式是"went"，"do"的过去式是"did"等）。2. 识别时间状语。在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。3. 分析动词形式。在确定了句子应该使用一般过去时之后，接下来要分析动词的形式。对于规则动词，一般在其后加-ed构成过去式；对于不规则动词，则需要根据记忆或查表来确定其过去式。同时，要注意be动词的一般过去时形式是"was"和"were"，分别用于第一人称和第三人称单数、第一人称和第三人称复数以及第二人称单数和复数。4. 注意语境和逻辑。在解题过程中，除了要考虑时间状语和动词形式之外，还要注意语境和逻辑。有些句子虽然没有明确的时间状语，但根据上下文可以推断出动作发生在过去，此时也应该使用一般过去时。另外，还要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，确保时态的使用符合整个语境的需要。
61．（2025高一上·杭州期末）When his mother came in, he turned off the computer and p to be doing homework. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】pretended
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：当他妈妈进来时，他关掉电脑，假装在做作业。根据"When his mother came in, he turned off the computer and... to be doing homework."以及首字母提示可知，当他妈妈进来时，他假装在做作业，故空处表示"假装"，pretend，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及turned off可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填pretended。
【点评】考查动词pretend的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。
62．（2025高一上·杭州期末）You can easily guess the meaning of an unknown word through the c of the passage. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】context
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你可以通过文章的上下文轻松猜出一个未知单词的意思。根据" You can easily guess the meaning of an unknown word through the... of the passage. "以及首字母提示可知，通过文章的上下文可以猜出一个未知单词的意思，故空处表示"上下文"，context，可数名词，此处表示单数意义，应用其单数形式。故填context。
【点评】考查名词context的识记运用。注意：当指具体情境或文本段落时，用可数形式（如：several contexts）；当指抽象的背景概念时，用不可数形式（如：lack of context）。
63．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The Greenpeace Organization aims to p people's awareness of environmental protection. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】promote
【知识点】固定短语；动词原形；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：绿色和平组织旨在提升这个社区人们的环保意识。根据" The Greenpeace Organization aims to... people's awareness of environmental protection. "以及首字母提示可知，绿色和平组织旨在提升这个社区人们的环保意识，故空处表示" 促进/推动/提升 "，promote，动词，此处表示"旨在于做某事"，aim to do sth，固定短语，故空处应用动词原形。故填promote。【点评】考查动词promote的识记运用，非谓语动词（动词不定式）以及固定短语aim to do sth。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
64．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Of the two possibilities, the f seems more reasonable than the latter. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】former
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这两种可能性中，前者似乎比后者更合理。根据"Of the two possibilities, the...
seems more reasonable than the latter."以及首字母提示可知，前者似乎比后者更合理，故此处表示"前者"，the former，作主语，符合语境。故填former。【点评】考查名词former的识记运用。注意：the former...the latter（前者...后者）固定结构：The former is cheap, the latter is durable.
65．（2025高一上·杭州期末）Some young girls in our society are dieting, in an a to look like skinny super-models. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】attempt
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：我们社会中的一些年轻女孩正在节食，试图让自己看起来像身材瘦削的超模。根据"Some young girls in our society are dieting, in an... to look like skinny super-models."以及首字母提示可知，年轻女孩节食是为了让自己看起来像身材瘦削的超模，故此处表示"试图做某事"，in an attempt to do sth，固定短语，符合语境。故填attempt。【点评】考查名词attempt的识记运用以及固定短语in an attempt to do sth。注意：固定搭配和习惯用法是语法填空的常考内容，如果考生对这些搭配记忆不牢，就容易出错。例如，分不清一些动词后面接不定式还是动名词作宾语。应对策略：在平时的学习中，注意积累常见的固定搭配和习惯用法，通过练习加强记忆。
66．（2025高一上·杭州期末）It isn't w spending so much time on minor problems. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】worthwhile
【知识点】固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：不值得在小问题上花那么多时间。根据句意"值得的"和首字母提示可知，此处用形容词worthwhile作表语。故填worthwhile。
【点评】考查考查形容词。 根据句意和结构判断此处应填形容词作表语，识记 "It isn't worthwhile doing sth."（做某事不值得/没意义）这一固定搭配。
67．（2025高一上·杭州期末）If you intend to apply for top universities, it is a must to be f in both written and spoken English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fluent
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你打算申请顶尖大学，精通书面英语和英语口语是必须的。根据"If you intend to apply for top universities, it is a must to be... in both written and spoken English."以及首字母提示可知，精通书面英语和英语口语是申请顶尖大学的必须条件，故此处表示"精通……/在……方面流利"，be fluent in，固定短语，符合语境。故填fluent。【点评】考查形容词fluent的识记运用以及固定短语be fluent in。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
68．（2025高一上·杭州期末）To everyone's disappointment, his actions c sharply with his words. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】contradict
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：令大家失望的是，他的行为与他说的话大相径庭。根据"To everyone's disappointment, his actions... sharply with his words. "以及首字母提示可知，他的行为与他说的话大相径庭，故此处表示"与......相矛盾/抵触"，contradict with，固定短语，符合语境，空处为句子的谓语，此处陈述客观事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，主语his actions为复数，故谓语应用动词原形。故填contradict。【点评】考查动词contradict的识记运用，固定短语contradict with，时态（一般现在时）以及主谓一致。注意：在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
69．（2025高一上·杭州期末）While working, he gets really a every time people interrupt him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】annoyed
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：工作时，每次有人打断他，他就非常生气。根据"While working, he gets really ...
every time people interrupt him."以及首字母提示可知，他工作时被人打断会非常生气，故空处表示"生气的/愤怒的"，annoyed，形容词，做表语，说明主语he的主观感受，符合语境。故填annoyed。【点评】考查形容词annoyed的识记运用以及形容词做表语。注意：注意：1.理解形容词作表语的基本用法。形容词作表语时，通常位于系动词（如be、feel、look、smell、taste、sound、seem等）之后，用于描述主语的状态、特征或属性。这是解题的基础。2. 识别系动词。首先，要能够快速识别句子中的系动词。系动词是连接主语和表语的桥梁，只有准确找到系动词，才能确定形容词在句中的位置和作用。3. 分析形容词的适当形式。原级：形容词的原级直接用于描述主语的状态或特征，如"She is beautiful."中的"beautiful"。比较级和最高级：当句子中出现"than"时，通常需要使用形容词的比较级，如"I am taller than him."中的"taller"。当句子中需要表达"最……"的概念时，应使用形容词的最高级，并配以定冠词"the"，如"She is the most beautiful girl in the class."中的"most beautiful"。4. 考虑形容词的词汇辨析和语境。词汇辨析：有些形容词意思相近，但在用法上有所区别。需要根据句子的语境和语义选择合适的形容词。语境分析：理解句子的整体语境，判断形容词所描述的具体内容。例如，在描述天气时，可能会用到"hot"、"warm"等形容词；在描述人的性格时，则可能会用到"kind"、"friendly"等形容词。5. 注意形容词的修饰语。有时形容词前面会有修饰语，如副词（very、too、so等）、程度状语（a little、much等）或其他形容词。这些修饰语会影响形容词的语义和程度，因此在解题时需要特别注意。
70．（2025高一上·杭州期末）She lived in Italy for several years but never quite m the language. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】mastered
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：她在意大利生活了很多年但是一直没有掌握这门语言。根据" She lived in Italy for several years but never quite... the language. "以及首字母提示可知，在意大利生活了很多年的她并没有掌握意大利语，故空处表示"掌握"，master，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及lived可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填mastered。
【点评】考查动词master的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。
十、第二节 背诵填空 （共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
71．（2025高一上·杭州期末）He (迫切地想要) something more filling and satisfying than cabbage and cabbage soup. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】is crying out for
【知识点】固定短语；现在进行时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：他渴望吃一些比卷心菜和卷心菜汤更有饱腹感和满足感的东西。空处表示" 迫切地想要 "，cry out for，固定短语，符合语境，此处为句子的谓语，此处表示当前正在发生或者进行的动作，故谓语时态为现在进行时，结构为be+现在分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语he为第三人称单数，故be动词应用is。故填is crying out for。【点评】考查句型转换，固定短语cry out for，时态（现在进行时）以及主谓一致。注意：注意：1. 理解现在进行时的基本概念。定义：现在进行时表示现在或现阶段（不一定指此刻）正在进行的动作或存在的状态，常与now、at the moment、these days等时间状语连用。结构：主动语态由"be（am/is/are）+现在分词（v-ing）"构成；被动语态由"be（am/is/are）+being+done"构成。2. 识别题目中的现在进行时标志。注意题干或句子中是否出现now、at the moment、at present、these days等时间状语，或Look、Listen等暗示动作正在进行的词汇。观察动词形式，判断是否为现在分词形式（v-ing）。3.分析句子结构。确定主语：明确句子的主语，是判断谓语动词形式的基础。判断谓语：如果句子中没有其他谓语动词，且空格处需填动词，则考虑填现在进行时的be动词+现在分词形式。如果句子中已有谓语动词，且不是并列句或从句结构，则空格处可能为非谓语动词，需根据句子结构和语境判断是否为现在分词形式。考虑语态：如果是被动语态，需用"be+being+done"结构。4. 掌握现在分词的变化规则。5. 结合语境和逻辑关系。根据句子的上下文内容，理解动作或状态发生的具体情境。注意句子中的转折、因果、并列等逻辑关系，这些关系有助于确定现在进行时的正确性和合理性。6. 验证答案。填完空后，重新阅读句子，检查语法是否正确，语意是否通顺。特别注意时态、语态、主谓一致等语法要点的准确性。
72．（2025高一上·杭州期末）He (举起) the paper so that they could see the huge headline. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】held up
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他举起报纸，以便他们能看到巨大的标题。空处表示"举起"，hold up，固定短语，符合语境，空处为句子的谓语，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填held up。【点评】考查句型转换，固定短语hold up以及时态（一般过去时）。
73．（2025高一上·杭州期末）The four old ones lay silent and their bed (蜷缩在床上), trying to keep the cold out of their bones. (根据
