中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语书面表达之句式仿写强化训练
主题:吸毒记录封存新政
一、主题仿写背景
2026年1月即将生效的新《治安管理处罚法》第136条规定,吸毒等治安违法记录将自动封存,普通单位和个人无法查询。立法初衷是为避免终身污名化,助力悔改者回归社会。
二、主题相关句式
1. 现在分词作状语
句式解析:现在分词(doing)作状语,表主动或伴随,逻辑主语需与主句主语一致,可表原因、结果、伴随、时间等。
原例句:Destroying families and futures, drug abuse leaves lasting scars on individuals and society.(毒品滥用摧毁家庭与未来,给个人和社会留下持久的创伤。)
补充例句:Promoting social inclusion and reducing discrimination, the new record-sealing policy gives former drug users a fair chance in job hunting.(促进社会包容、减少歧视,这项记录封存新政为前吸毒者提供了公平的求职机会。)
2. 过去分词作状语
句式解析:过去分词(done)作状语,表被动或完成,逻辑主语与主句主语一致,常表条件、时间、原因等。
原例句:Once addicted to drugs, a person may find it extremely difficult to secure a good job.(一旦染上毒瘾,一个人可能会发现很难找到好工作。)
补充例句:Supported by most social organizations, the policy of sealing drug-related records has been widely praised.(得到多数社会组织的支持,涉毒记录封存政策广受好评。)
3. to do 不定式作状语
句式解析:to do 不定式作状语,常表目的、结果(常与 only 连用)或原因(用于表情感的形容词后),此处侧重表目的。
原例句:To protect the privacy and facilitate the rehabilitation of former drug users, the new law is implemented.(新法的实施是为了保护隐私并帮助前吸毒者更好地康复。)
补充例句:To help former drug users integrate into communities smoothly, local governments have also launched supporting programs.(为帮助前吸毒者顺利融入社区,地方政府还推出了配套项目。)
4. 动名词作主语
句式解析:动名词(doing)作主语,表抽象、习惯性动作,谓语动词用单数,可位于句首或用 it 作形式主语(It is + adj. + doing...)。
原例句:Abandoning drugs is the first and most crucial step towards a new life.(戒断毒品是走向新生的第一步,也是最重要的一步。)
补充例句:Implementing the record-sealing policy requires the cooperation of government departments and enterprises.(实施记录封存政策需要政府部门与企业的配合。)
5. 非限制性定语从句
句式解析:非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开,修饰先行词(人 / 物 / 整个句子),常用 which(指物)、who(指人)、whom(指人,宾格)引导,不可用 that,从句缺成分时需补全。
原例句:The updated law, which allows for the sealing of certain drug-related records, offers a chance for a fresh start.(这项允许封存某些吸毒记录的新修订法律,提供了一个重新开始的机会。)
补充例句:Local police stations, which are responsible for implementing the new policy, have received special training.(负责实施新政的地方派出所,已接受专项培训。)
6. 感叹句
句式解析:How 引导的感叹句结构为 “How + adj./adv. + 主语 + 谓语!”,表对形容词或副词的感叹;What 引导的感叹句见第 15 点。
原例句:How devastating the consequences of drug addiction can be!(毒品的后果是多么具有毁灭性啊!)
补充例句:How significant the new record-sealing policy is for former drug users' lives!(这项新的记录封存政策对前吸毒者的生活来说多么重要啊!)
7. 宾语从句
句式解析:宾语从句位于及物动词(如 believe, think, say 等)后,需用陈述语序(主语 + 谓语),引导词 that 可省略(若从句不缺成分且无疑问语气),whether/if 表 “是否”。
原例句:Many experts believe that this policy can reduce discrimination and encourage rehabilitation.(许多专家相信,这项政策能减少歧视并鼓励康复。)
补充例句:Employers wonder whether the sealed records will affect their recruitment decisions.(雇主们想知道,封存的记录是否会影响他们的招聘决策。)
8. what 主语从句
句式解析:What 引导的主语从句,在句中作主语,结构为 “What + 主语 + 谓语(+ 其他)+ 谓语(主句)”,What 在从句中常作主语、宾语或表语。
原例句:What truly matters is that individuals learn from their mistakes and remain drug-free.(真正重要的是个人能从错误中吸取教训并保持远离毒品。)
补充例句:What the society needs to do is to give former drug users more understanding and support.(社会需要做的是给前吸毒者更多理解与支持。)
9. with 复合结构
句式解析:with 复合结构为 “with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(adj./adv./done/doing/to do/prep. 短语)”,在句中作状语,表伴随、条件、原因等。
原例句:With their past records sealed, individuals face fewer obstacles in rebuilding their lives.(随着过往记录被封存,个人在重建生活时面临更少的障碍。)
补充例句:With more enterprises recognizing the policy’s value, former drug users will have more job opportunities.(随着更多企业认可该政策的价值,前吸毒者将拥有更多就业机会。)
10. never 倒装句
句式解析:否定副词(never, hardly, seldom 等)位于句首时,句子需部分倒装(助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语其余部分)。
原例句:Never should we underestimate the severe harm that drugs cause to our health.(我们绝不能低估毒品对健康造成的严重危害。)
补充例句:Never should we deny former drug users the right to start a new life.(我们绝不能剥夺前吸毒者重新开始的权利。)
11. not only...but also 倒装句
句式解析:not only 位于句首时,not only 后的句子需部分倒装(助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语其余部分),but also 后的句子不倒装;若连接两个主语,谓语动词随 but also 后的主语变化。
原例句:Not only does drug abuse damage physical and mental health, but it also places a heavy burden on families.(吸毒不仅损害身心健康,还会给家庭带来沉重负担。)
补充例句:Not only does the new policy protect former drug users’ privacy, but it also promotes social harmony.(这项新政不仅保护前吸毒者的隐私,还促进社会和谐。)
12. 强调句
句式解析:强调句基本结构为 “It is/was + 被强调部分(主语 / 宾语 / 状语等)+ that/who(被强调部分是人时可用 who)+ 其他部分”,去掉 It is/was 和 that/who 后句子仍完整。
原例句:It is for the purpose of social reintegration that these minor offense records are now sealed.(正是为了促进社会回归,这些轻微违法的记录才被予以封存。)
补充例句:It is local governments that are mainly responsible for promoting the new policy.(主要负责推广这项新政的是地方政府。)
13. It is adj. for sb to do sth
句式解析:该句式为 “it 作形式主语,真正主语是后面的 to do 不定式”,结构为 “It is + 形容词(描述事物性质,如 necessary, important 等)+ for sb + to do sth”,若形容词描述人的品质(如 kind, clever),则用 of sb。
原例句:It is necessary for society to offer a path to redemption for those who have overcome their addiction.(对于社会而言,为那些已经戒除毒瘾的人提供一条回归的路径是必要的。)
补充例句:It is important for schools to educate students about the dangers of drugs and the value of the new policy.(学校向学生普及毒品危害与新政价值是重要的。)
14. 过去分词作定语
句式解析:过去分词(done)作定语,表被动或完成,可位于名词前(单个过去分词)或名词后(短语或有修饰语时),相当于一个被动含义的定语从句。
原例句:A life ruined by drugs can be rebuilt with determination and support.(一个被毒品毁掉的人生,可以通过决心和支持得以重建。)
补充例句:The documents related to sealed drug records must be kept strictly confidential.(与封存涉毒记录相关的文件必须严格保密。)(注:related to 为过去分词短语作定语,修饰 documents)
15. What 感叹句
句式解析:What 引导的感叹句结构为 “What + (a/an) + adj. + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”,名词为可数名词单数时用 a/an,不可数名词或可数名词复数时不用。
原例句:What a destructive path drug abuse is for individuals and their families!(吸毒对个人和他们的家庭来说是一条多么具有毁灭性的道路啊!)
补充例句:What a precious opportunity the new policy provides for former drug users!(这项新政为前吸毒者提供了多么宝贵的机会啊!)
16. as 倒装句(表示 “虽然,尽管”)
句式解析:as 引导让步状语从句时,需将表语、状语或动词原形提前(表语提前时,若为单数可数名词,省略 a/an),句子主谓不倒装,结构为 “表语 / 状语 / 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语”。
原例句:Compassionate as the new policy is, we must never forget the severe dangers of drugs.(尽管新政策充满关怀,但我们绝不能忘记毒品的严重危害。)
补充例句:Difficult as the process of rehabilitation is, former drug users should stick to it.(尽管康复过程很艰难,前吸毒者仍应坚持下去。)
17. So...that 倒装句(表示 “如此… 以至于…”)
句式解析:so + adj./adv. 位于句首时,句子需部分倒装(助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语其余部分),结构为 “So + adj./adv. + 助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + that 从句”。
原例句:So profound is the damage caused by drugs that it affects every aspect of a person's life.(毒品造成的伤害如此深远,以至于它影响了个人生活的方方面面。)
补充例句:So positive is the impact of the new policy that more former drug users have returned to normal life.(这项新政的影响如此积极,以至于更多前吸毒者已回归正常生活。)
18. 表语从句
句式解析:表语从句位于系动词(be, look, seem 等)后,用陈述语序,引导词 that 不可省略(若从句不缺成分且无疑问语气),whether 表 “是否”,what/which 等表 “… 的东西 / 哪一个”。
原例句:The core purpose of sealing these records is that it helps to prevent lifelong stigma and encourages sustainable rehabilitation.(封存这些记录的核心目的在于,它有助于防止终身污名化并鼓励可持续的康复。)
补充例句:One of the key advantages of the policy is that it bridges the gap between former drug users and society.(该政策的关键优势之一是,它拉近了前吸毒者与社会的距离。)
19. when it comes to 句式
句式解析:“when it comes to + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词” 表示 “当谈到 / 涉及到… 时”,to 为介词,后接动词需用动名词形式,该句式常用来转换话题或聚焦某一主题。
原例句:When it comes to the new policy of sealing drug-related records, its true value lies in offering a precious chance for rehabilitation and social reintegration.(当谈到封存涉毒记录的新政策时,其真正价值在于为(个人的)康复和重新融入社会提供了一个宝贵的机会。)
补充例句:When it comes to helping former drug users find jobs, enterprises should put aside prejudice and focus on their abilities.(当谈到帮助前吸毒者找工作时,企业应放下偏见,关注他们的能力。)
三、强化训练题
(一)句式转换
The new policy reduces discrimination against former drug users. It also helps them find jobs.(改为现在分词作状语)
_______ discrimination against former drug users, the new policy also helps them find jobs.
The policy was approved by the government last month. It will take effect in January 2026.(改为非限制性定语从句)
The policy, _______ _______ approved by the government last month, will take effect in January 2026.
We should not ignore the efforts former drug users have made to quit drugs.(改为 never 倒装句)
Never _______ we _______ the efforts former drug users have made to quit drugs.
The damage caused by drugs is very serious. It even breaks up families.(改为 So...that 倒装句)
So _______ _______ the damage caused by drugs that it even breaks up families.
We need to protect the privacy of former drug users. This is the key of the new policy.(改为 what 主语从句)
_______ we need to do is _______ protect the privacy of former drug users, which is the key of the new policy.
(二)汉译英(用指定句式翻译下列句子)
为了让前吸毒者更好地融入社会,社区开展了一系列帮扶活动。(to do 不定式作状语)
这项允许封存涉毒记录的新政,得到了许多专家的支持。(非限制性定语从句)
社会为戒除毒瘾的人提供帮助是重要的。(It is adj. for sb to do sth)
当谈到涉毒记录封存政策时,公众最关心的是政策的落实情况。(when it comes to 句式)
尽管前吸毒者的康复过程很漫长,但他们从未放弃。(as 倒装句,表 “虽然”)
(三)病句修改(找出下列句子中的错误并改正,每句只有一处错误)
Destroyed families and futures, drug abuse leaves lasting scars on individuals.(现在分词作状语错误)
改正:____________________________________________________________
Not only the new policy protects privacy, but it also reduces discrimination.(not only...but also 倒装错误)
改正:____________________________________________________________
It is for helping former drug users that the policy is implemented.(强调句结构错误)
改正:____________________________________________________________
What truly matter is that individuals remain drug-free.(what 主语从句主谓一致错误)
改正:____________________________________________________________
With their past records sealing, individuals face fewer obstacles in life.(with 复合结构宾语补足语错误)
改正:____________________________________________________________
四、参考答案与解析
(一)句式转换
Reducing
解析:现在分词作状语表伴随,逻辑主语 “the new policy” 与 “reduce” 为主动关系,故用 reducing,句首首字母大写。
which was
解析:非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 “the policy”(物),用 which 引导;“policy” 与 “approve” 为被动关系,结合时间状语 “last month”,用一般过去时的被动语态 was approved,故填 which was。
should; ignore
解析:否定副词 never 位于句首,句子需部分倒装,原句情态动词为 should,将 should 提前,谓语动词用原形 ignore。
serious is
解析:so + 形容词(serious)位于句首,句子部分倒装,原句主语为 “the damage”,系动词为 is,将 is 提前,故填 serious is。
What; to
解析:what 引导主语从句,在从句中作宾语,故第一空填 What;“be 动词 + to do” 表 “需要 / 应该做某事”,故第二空填 to。
(二)汉译英
To help former drug users integrate into society better, communities have carried out a series of support activities.
解析:用 “to do 不定式” 表目的,“开展帮扶活动” 译为 “carry out support activities”,“融入社会” 译为 “integrate into society”,时态用现在完成时(have carried out)表动作已发生。
The new policy, which allows the sealing of drug-related records, has been supported by many experts.
解析:非限制性定语从句用 which 引导,修饰 “the new policy”;“允许封存” 译为 “allows the sealing of”,“得到支持” 用被动语态(has been supported),强调政策被支持的状态。
It is important for society to provide help for those who have overcome drug addiction.
解析:“It is important for sb to do sth” 结构中,it 为形式主语,真正主语是 “to provide help...”;“戒除毒瘾的人” 译为 “those who have overcome drug addiction”,用定语从句修饰 those。
When it comes to the policy of sealing drug-related records, what the public cares most about is the implementation of the policy.
解析:“when it comes to” 后接名词短语 “the policy of sealing drug-related records”;“关心落实情况” 译为 “care about the implementation of the policy”,用 what 引导的主语从句(what the public cares most about)作主语。
Long as the rehabilitation process of former drug users is, they have never given up.
解析:as 引导让步状语从句,表语 “long” 提前,省略冠词;“康复过程” 译为 “rehabilitation process”,“放弃” 译为 “give up”,时态用现在完成时(have never given up)表动作持续到现在。
(三)病句修改
Destroying families and futures, drug abuse leaves lasting scars on individuals.
解析:原句用过去分词 “Destroyed”,但 “drug abuse” 与 “destroy” 是主动关系(毒品滥用摧毁家庭),需改为现在分词 Destroying。
Not only does the new policy protect privacy, but it also reduces discrimination.
解析:not only 位于句首时,其后句子需部分倒装,原句未倒装,需在 “the new policy” 前加助动词 does,谓语动词用原形 protect。
It is to help former drug users that the policy is implemented.
解析:强调句中 “被强调部分” 需为名词、代词或不定式(表目的),原句 “for helping” 结构错误,应改为不定式 “to help”,表 “为了帮助…”。
What truly matters is that individuals remain drug-free.
解析:what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数,原句 “matter” 为原形,需改为第三人称单数形式 matters。
With their past records sealed, individuals face fewer obstacles in life.
解析:with 复合结构中,“past records” 与 “seal” 是被动关系(记录被封存),原句用现在分词 “sealing” 错误,需改为过去分词 sealed。
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