2026届高考英语二轮复习：三化课之构词法课件（共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
Antidisestablishmentarianism
anti- (反对) + dis- (不，取消) + establish (建立) + -ment (名词后缀) + -arian (…主义者) + -ism (主义) ·
字面：“反对-取消-建立-体制-的-主义
反对废除国教主义（历史上指19世纪英国反对废除英国国教作为官方地位的运动）
Antidisestablishmentarianism
Tongue TwisterCanyoucanacanas acannercancanacan can1.助动词能够......2. v.把食物装罐储存3. n.罐头
词汇复习之构词法应用
Word -formation
序号 课标词 试题用词
1 minimum minimalism/minimalist
2 detail detailed
3 explore exploration
4 philosophy philosophy/philosophical
5 examine examination
6 tolerate intolerable
7 option optional
8 participate participants
9 sustain sustainable
10 necessary necessity
11 mind mindless
12 tool toolbox
13 life lifestyle
14 restore restoration
15 invasion invasive
16 remove removal
17 endanger endangered
18 arrange arrangement
19 agree agreement
20 guard guardian
21 approve approval
22 require requirement
23 biology biological
24 defense defensive
25 occasional occasionally
26 usual unusual
27 tradition traditional
28 west western
29 treat treatment
30 convention conventional
2025年新课标Ⅰ卷部分课标词
学习构词法的重要性
了解词性
猜测词义
扩大词汇量
help helpful helpless helpfully helplessly
agree agreement decide decision
appear v.出现
disappear
appearance
disappearance
v.(不出现) 消失，不见
n.出现，外貌
n.消失，不见
构词法的应用
阅读
语法填空
写作
高考语法填空的派生词变形是众多学生的难点与易错点，运用构词法知识，能加强派生词记忆的准确度与效率。
派生词及合成词大部分都是相对高级的词汇，作文里多多使用可以增分。
高考卷内有大量基于课标词汇的派生词与合成词，而该该类词不算生词，不给中文，掌握构词法能准确猜测词义，提高理解理解准确度。
构词法
合成法
派生法
1
2
3
转换法
Word -formation
1.Under the guidance of detailed instructions,each player uncovers clues hidden in the classic texts, and _____(piece) together puzzles to solve the mystery.
(10月青桐鸣联考)
2.These plants included modern Western _____________(favourite) such as rosemary（迷迭香）, lavender（薰衣草） and fennel（茴香）.
（2024年新课标一卷）
转化法（Conversion）
阅读中的转化词
分析划线单词的词性与含义
1. Shall we go out for a drive next Sunday
2. I often go there for a walk.
3. Have you booked your ticket
4. Hand me your knife, please.
5. The train slowed down to half its speed.
6. Don’t dirty your clothes.
7. The ldler is a cheering read that makes you feel better about life.(2023高考I&II)
8. …books frequently top the best seller lists. (2023新高考I)
n. 驱车
n. 散步
v.预订
v. 递
v. 减慢
v.弄脏
n.读物
v.领先
语法填空的转化词
1.This story is worth reading with _______ close look at the dark side of American society.
2.I remembered ________(water) the flowers last night.
3. She ________ (nurse) her husband back to health in 2000.
4. Her anxiety __________(cloud) her judgment since she failed in 2007
5.The clock ____________(time)to ring at 12 o'clock.
6. While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ______must to visit!
(2021新高考I卷)
a
watering
nursed
has clouded
was timed
a
合成法(Compounding)
bat
man
＋
＝
sleep-walk
梦游
Those “ladies” are beautiful.
shemale
she + male
Gender(性别): Male or Female
lady + boy
ladyboy
1.nationwide ____________ 2. hotfoot ___________
3.well-sampled___________ 4.toothpick __________
5.daybreak____________ 6. brother-in-law ___________
7. loudspeaker___________ 8.one-off _________________
9. downpour___________ 10. underfoot____________
11.noble-minded ___________ 12.light-green __________
13.time-consuming ________ 14. south facing_______
15.ordinary-looking ___________ 16.night-time___________
全国的
耗时的
匆忙的
牙签的
妹/姐夫
一次性的
脚下地
高尚的
浅绿色的
Task1:Try to guess
夜间
破晓
倾盆大雨
相貌平平的
扬声器
朝南的
充分采样的
链接高考
猜测词义
1.(2024·新高考I卷) I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.
2.(2024·新高考I卷) These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens...
3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.
4.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
n. 拼写检查程序
vt. 数目超过
n. 逛公园的人
a. 离线的
Brain storm
sun
sunglasses
sunlight
sunrise
sunshine
sunburnt
sunset
sunflower
sunbath
suncream
…
派生法（Derivation）
Prefix
前缀
Root
词根
Suffix
后缀
Derivation（派生）
a new word
unbelievable
able
un
词根 root
前缀 prefix
后缀 suffix
词义
词性
What prefixes and suffixes have we learnt
un-
否定前缀
dis-
in-
im-
mis-
non-
understand
polite
smoker
agree
fair
visible
前缀 含义 例词
re- rewrite;remarry,rethink
ex- ex-husband; ex-lover
fore foreword（前言）; forethought(先见)
post post-reading; post-election;
post-war
pre- pre-reading, pre-prepared, pre-adolescent
mid- midnight, midsummer, midautumn
time and order
again, back
former
before
after
before
middle
前缀 含义 例词
trans translate,transport
inter- international; internet
ex- export, exit
fore forehead, forearm, foreleg
under underground, underline
in,im- inside, import
from one place to another
between,among
out
front part of
below
Locative
前缀 含义 例词
mono monologue(独白)，
bi- bicycle,bilateral(双边的，双方的)
tri- triangle（三角形）, tricolor
semi- semicircle（半圆）; semifinal（半决赛）;
multi- multi-national; multi-media; multi-cultural
Number
one
two
three
half
many
前缀 含义 例词
mini- mini-bus; mini-bike;mini-camera
over- over-anxious; over-active;over-confident
extra- extra-solar; extra-curriculum;
micro- microfilm; microcomputer
super- supermarket; superpower, superman,
little
excessive过于
(beyond
超出范围...以外)
very small
more than, beyond
Degree or Size
Task2: Guess the meaning
incomplete interpersonal uncover
不完整的 人际的 揭露，发现
2. disarm coexist defame
解除武装 共存 诽谤
3. overpraise telescope inconvenient
过度赞扬 望远镜 不方便的
4. underline nonparty readjustment
强调 无党派的 重新调整
5. misadministration foreword mistreat
管理不当 前言 虐待
6. prehistory antiforeign multitalented
史前 排外的 多才艺的
2.suffixes
Noun
后缀 例词
+er teacher, worker, reader,farmer, writer
+or doctor, visitor, actor, inventor
+ess actress, hostess,waitress
+ist scientists, artist, dentist
+ar beggar
+ese Chinese, Japanese,
+ian musician, physician(医生)
people
后缀 例词
v. + ment argument; judgment; entertainment;
-ness happiness; illness
-ship leadership; friendship; ownership
n.+ ful mouthful; handful; spoonful;glassful
-ism socialism; materialism
-al refusal; arrival; approval;
Noun
Adj.
后缀 例词
-al national; personal; industrial
-an American; African; European
-ern western; eastern; northern
-able reasonable, believable, unbearable
-ful useful; careful; cheerful; beautiful
-ish childish; selfish; foolish
-ive active; creative, positive
后缀 例词
-ous various; anxious,; nervous
-some troublesome; lonesome, tiresome
-like childlike; womanlike; fatherlike
-ly friendly, lovely, orderly
-less careless, harmless, homeless
Verb
后缀 例词
-en widen, strengthen,
shorten, quicken
-fy beautify, simplify, purify, satisfy
ize organize, realize, nationalize(国有化)
Task3: Find the same types:
①removal, ②socialize, ③populous, ④administrative, ⑤element,
⑥vital, ⑦intensify, ⑧invasive, ⑨activate, ⑩powerful,
fasten, economically, lengthen, combination, comprehension, criticize, simplify, nacessarily, lonely, veterinarian
名词 动词 形容词 副词
1, 5, 14, 15, 20
2, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17
3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 19
12, 18
John and his father never agree on one thing, so they often (agree) with each other, for there was some （understand) between them. Once, John and his parents went to his aunt's home for dinner. When they left after dinner, John said “Bye-bye!" to his aunt in a low voice. However, his father didn't hear it and he thought John misbehaved himself for it was (polite) to leave without saying goodbye. John insisted that he did say it, but his father didn't listen to him.
From then on, John was (friend)to his father, which made his father (extreme) unhappy. Undoubtedly, it is (wise)of John to do so. After all, they are father and son. His father sent him to a class of manners to (rich)his knowledge of manners, his father believed would (able) him to be a Goodmannered boy. John's father said he was angry at his son's (honesty), which would certainly (danger) his future. His father's nonstop nonsense caused John much discomfort. John had to go to the class. Later on, he did everything against his father's will.
disagree
misunderstanding
impolite
unfriendly
unwise
enrich
enable
dishonesty
endanger
extremely
Word Formation
构词法
Compounding (合成)
Conversion(转化)
Derivation(派生)
Prefix前缀
Suffix后缀
Summary