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知识过关第 3讲 句型
知识梳理
Unit 4 Growing by changing 重点句型
1. I have the flu. I can’t go out. I can’t visit my grandparents and I can’t see my friends. I feel
tired. What should I do 我得了流感。我不能出去，不能去看望祖父母，也不能见朋友。
我感觉很累。我该怎么办？
2. I feel so happy. It’s the Spring Festival in Chinatown today. I enjoyed the fireworks and I got a
red packet from a shop keeper. Lucky! 我太开心了。今天是唐人街的春节。我看了烟花，还
从店主那里得到了一个红包。太幸运了！
3. Why do you look upset I’m feeling nervous about tomorrow’s speech. 你为什么看起来沮丧
？我对明天的演讲感到紧张。
4. Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us. 现在，李红在学校有
了很多朋友，并且和我们相处融洽。
5. As teenagers grow in age, their bodies reach their full adult height. This is the clearest change.
随着青少年年龄的增长，他们的身体达到成人的身高。这是最明显的变化。
6. Last October, I signed up for a music club. I felt so lucky to make some good friends there.
去年 10 月，我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。在那里交到一些好朋友，我感到很幸运。
7. At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight. So, I felt very bad
about myself and argued with my parents very often. 八年级刚开始的时候，我长得很快，体
重也增加了很多。所以，我对自己感觉很不好，还经常和父母争吵。
8. Luckily, Zhenzhen always encouraged me. Little by little, I became more confident. 幸运的
是，珍珍总是鼓励我。渐渐地，我变得更自信了。
9. Now, I’m no longer worried about my weight and I feel very happy about myself. 现在，我不
再担心我的体重，对自己感到很满意。
10. I hope you enjoy everything at your new school. 我希望你在新学校一切都愉快。
11. First, good planning is an important first step to take, and then you should follow the plan.
首先，制定好计划是重要的第一步，然后你应该按照计划执行。
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12. Getting high scores in exams can help you build confidence. 在考试中取得高分能帮助你
建立信心。
Unit 5 Exploring Amazing Places 重点句型
1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday 你假期计划参观哪个地方？
2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. 我计划去黄山。它位于
安徽省南部。
3. It’s 5 o’clock in the morning now. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square. It’s 880 meters long
from the north to the south and 500 meters wide from the east to the west. 现在是早上 5 点。我
们正在天安门广场上散步。它南北长 880 米，东西宽 500 米。
4. The Palace Museum covers a very large area, more than 720,000 square meters. 故宫博物院占
地面积很大，超过 72 万平方米。
5. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice for vacation. 云南的红河哈
尼梯田可能是度假的好选择。
6. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. 有山
有云，这片独特的景观就像一幅美丽的中国画。
7. In ancient times, the Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring
water from the forests to fields. 古代，哈尼族人开发了灌溉工程。如今，它仍然帮助他们将
水从森林引到田地。
8. To make better use of these water-filled rice fields, farmers raise fish and ducks in them. 为了
更好地利用这些灌满水的稻田，农民在里面养鱼和鸭。
9. The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous sites in India. Emperor Shah Jahan built it to
remember his wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal. 泰姬陵是印度最著名的景点之一。沙贾汗皇帝为
纪念他的妻子穆姆塔兹 玛哈尔皇后而建。
10. Over 20,000 workers spent more than 20 years building it and used many kinds of expensive
stones from different parts of the world. 超过 2 万名工人花了 20 多年时间建造它，并用了来
自世界各地的多种昂贵石材。
11. Yellowstone National Park is America’s first national park. It covers about 9,065 square
kilometers. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园。它占地面积约 9065 平方公里。
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Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 重点句型
1. The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth.
太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
2. It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun. 从地球到太阳大约有
1.5 亿公里。
3. The Big Dipper looks like a spoon. Follow the two stars on the right, you can find the North
Star. 北斗七星看起来像一把勺子。沿着右边的两颗星，你能找到北极星。
4. One star never appears at night. It’s the sun. It’s our daytime star. 有一颗星从不在夜晚出现。
它是太阳，我们白天的星。
5. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are closer to the Sun. The outer
planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are farther away. 内行星包括水 星、
金星、地球和火星，它们离太阳更近；外行星包括木星、土星、天王星和海王星，它们离太
阳更远。
6. The Sun is important because it keeps the planets in the solar system and gives heat and light
to the earth. 太阳很重要，因为它使行星保持在太阳系中，并给地球提供光和热。
7. Earth is the only planet with life because it is neither too close nor too far from the sun. 地球
是唯一有生命的行星，因为它离太阳既不太远也不太近。
8. Mars is more similar to Earth in size and temperature. And there’s also ice there! 火星在大
小和温度上与地球更相似，而且那里也有冰！
9. Nicolaus Copernicus put forward the idea that the earth and other planets travel around the sun.
尼古拉 哥白尼提出了地球和其他行星绕太阳运行的观点。
10. A fact file of a planet includes its distance from the Sun, size, temperature and other
information. 行星的事实档案包括它与太阳的距离、大小、温度和其他信息。
11. Pluto is a special planet. It takes about 248 Earth years to go around the Sun. 冥王星是一颗
特殊的行星，它绕太阳运行一周大约需要 248 个地球年。
12. There is no air on Mars, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 火星上没有空气，所以
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我们必须自己制造。
13. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球冷，太阳从东方升起。
14. Although the two planets (Earth and Mars) have many differences, they have something in
common—water. 尽管地球和火星有很多不同，但它们有一个共同点 —— 水。
15. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星等待我们去探索，宇宙也是如
此。
基础巩固专项练习
一、单项选择
1. —I feel _______ because I have no friends here.—Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates
to you.
A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. calm
2. She _______ a music club last month and made many friends there.
A. signs up for B. signed up for C. will sign up for D. is signing up for
3. —_______ upset you look! What’s the matter —I failed my math exam.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
4. At the beginning of this term, Li Ming _______ fast and put on much weight.
A. grow B. grows C. grew D. will grow
5. —_______ do you usually deal with stress —I often listen to soft music.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
6. This special landscape with mountains and clouds _______ a beautiful Chinese painting.
A. look like B. looks like C. looked like D. will look like
7. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces _______ in the south of Yunnan Province.
A. lie B. lies C. is lying D. will lie
8. —_______ is the Palace Museum —It covers more than 720,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How wide C. How large D. How tall
9. Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields _______ better use of them.
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A. make B. making C. to make D. made
10. —_______ do you plan to visit during your summer holiday —I plan to visit Mount
Huangshan.
A. Which place B. Which city C. How D. When
11. The Sun _______ the largest and brightest object in the solar system.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
12. It’s about _______ kilometers from the Earth to the Sun.
A. 150,000 B. 15,000,000 C. 150,000,000 D. 1,500,000,000
13. —What does the Big Dipper look like —It _______ a spoon.
A. look like B. looks like C. is looking like D. will look like
14. Mars is _______ than Earth, and it’s colder too.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
15. —_______ planet is the closest to the Sun —Mercury.
A. Which B. What C. How D. Where
16. There _______ a new art exhibition in our city next month.
A. is B. was C. will be D. are
17. She _______ when her mother came back home yesterday evening.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing
18. The teacher advised us _______ more books to improve our reading skills.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
19. —_______ delicious the food in this restaurant is!—Yes. I come here every weekend.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
20. Earth is the only planet _______ life because it’s neither too hot nor too cold.
A. with B. has C. have D. having
二、句型转换
1. Li Hong felt lonely because she had no friends.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ Li Hong feel lonely
2. They will visit the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.（改为否定句）
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They _______ _______ the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.
3. The landscape is very beautiful.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ beautiful landscape it is!
4. The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Palace Museum
5. He often listens to music to relax.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ he often listen to music
6. We plant trees every spring.（用 next spring 改写）
We _______ _______ trees next spring.
7. The girl is dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ the girl is dancing!
8. Tom finished his homework. He watched TV.（合并为一句）
Tom _______ his homework _______ watched TV.
9. The Sun gives us light and warmth.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Sun give us
10. He usually walks to school.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ he usually _______ to school
11. This is an amazing place.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ amazing place this is!
12. They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ they going to _______ this Sunday
13. She likes reading. She wants to be a writer.（合并为一句）
She likes reading, so she _______ _______ _______ a writer.
14. He has to get up early to catch the early bus.（改为否定句）
He _______ _______ _______ get up early to catch the early bus.
15. The weather is bad today.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ weather it is today!
三、根据句意填空
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1. —Why do you look _______ Did you argue with your parents —Yes. They don’t allow me to
play basketball after school.
2. We _______ (visit) the Taj Mahal last summer. It’s one of the most famous sites in India.
3. _______ _______ interesting trip it was! We saw many beautiful places.
4. My parents _______ (both) like traveling. They often take me to visit different cities.
5. You _______ _______ (not need) to buy a new bag. Your old one is still good.
6. _______ _______ useful advice he gave us! It helps a lot with our trip plan.
7. The students _______ _______ (have) a science class about the solar system this afternoon.
8. The workers built this bridge _______ (connect) the two villages.
9. Though it _______ (rain) heavily yesterday, we still went to the museum.
10. There _______ (be) a football match between our school and No. 2 Middle School tomorrow.
四、翻译句子
1. 去年我报名参加了绘画俱乐部，现在我能画出很多美丽的画。
2. 为了更好地利用时间，我们应该制定一个详细的计划。
3. 太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
4. 虽然火星和地球有很多不同，但它们都有水。
5. 当我昨天晚上正在写作业时，我的好朋友给我打电话了。
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8/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第 3讲 句型
知识梳理
Unit 4 Growing by changing 重点句型
1. I have the flu. I can’t go out. I can’t visit my grandparents and I can’t see my friends. I feel
tired. What should I do 我得了流感。我不能出去，不能去看望祖父母，也不能见朋友。
我感觉很累。我该怎么办？
2. I feel so happy. It’s the Spring Festival in Chinatown today. I enjoyed the fireworks and I got a
red packet from a shop keeper. Lucky! 我太开心了。今天是唐人街的春节。我看了烟花，还
从店主那里得到了一个红包。太幸运了！
3. Why do you look upset I’m feeling nervous about tomorrow’s speech. 你为什么看起来沮丧
？我对明天的演讲感到紧张。
4. Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us. 现在，李红在学校有
了很多朋友，并且和我们相处融洽。
5. As teenagers grow in age, their bodies reach their full adult height. This is the clearest change.
随着青少年年龄的增长，他们的身体达到成人的身高。这是最明显的变化。
6. Last October, I signed up for a music club. I felt so lucky to make some good friends there.
去年 10 月，我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。在那里交到一些好朋友，我感到很幸运。
7. At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight. So, I felt very bad
about myself and argued with my parents very often. 八年级刚开始的时候，我长得很快，体
重也增加了很多。所以，我对自己感觉很不好，还经常和父母争吵。
8. Luckily, Zhenzhen always encouraged me. Little by little, I became more confident. 幸运的
是，珍珍总是鼓励我。渐渐地，我变得更自信了。
9. Now, I’m no longer worried about my weight and I feel very happy about myself. 现在，我不
再担心我的体重，对自己感到很满意。
10. I hope you enjoy everything at your new school. 我希望你在新学校一切都愉快。
11. First, good planning is an important first step to take, and then you should follow the plan.
首先，制定好计划是重要的第一步，然后你应该按照计划执行。
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12. Getting high scores in exams can help you build confidence. 在考试中取得高分能帮助你
建立信心。
Unit 5 Exploring Amazing Places 重点句型
1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday 你假期计划参观哪个地方？
2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. 我计划去黄山。它位于
安徽省南部。
3. It’s 5 o’clock in the morning now. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square. It’s 880 meters long
from the north to the south and 500 meters wide from the east to the west. 现在是早上 5 点。我
们正在天安门广场上散步。它南北长 880 米，东西宽 500 米。
4. The Palace Museum covers a very large area, more than 720,000 square meters. 故宫博物院占
地面积很大，超过 72 万平方米。
5. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice for vacation. 云南的红河哈
尼梯田可能是度假的好选择。
6. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. 有山
有云，这片独特的景观就像一幅美丽的中国画。
7. In ancient times, the Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring
water from the forests to fields. 古代，哈尼族人开发了灌溉工程。如今，它仍然帮助他们将
水从森林引到田地。
8. To make better use of these water-filled rice fields, farmers raise fish and ducks in them. 为了
更好地利用这些灌满水的稻田，农民在里面养鱼和鸭。
9. The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous sites in India. Emperor Shah Jahan built it to
remember his wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal. 泰姬陵是印度最著名的景点之一。沙贾汗皇帝为
纪念他的妻子穆姆塔兹 玛哈尔皇后而建。
10. Over 20,000 workers spent more than 20 years building it and used many kinds of expensive
stones from different parts of the world. 超过 2 万名工人花了 20 多年时间建造它，并用了来
自世界各地的多种昂贵石材。
11. Yellowstone National Park is America’s first national park. It covers about 9,065 square
kilometers. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园。它占地面积约 9065 平方公里。
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Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 重点句型
1. The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth.
太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
2. It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun. 从地球到太阳大约有
1.5 亿公里。
3. The Big Dipper looks like a spoon. Follow the two stars on the right, you can find the North
Star. 北斗七星看起来像一把勺子。沿着右边的两颗星，你能找到北极星。
4. One star never appears at night. It’s the sun. It’s our daytime star. 有一颗星从不在夜晚出现。
它是太阳，我们白天的星。
5. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are closer to the Sun. The outer
planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are farther away. 内行星包括水 星、
金星、地球和火星，它们离太阳更近；外行星包括木星、土星、天王星和海王星，它们离太
阳更远。
6. The Sun is important because it keeps the planets in the solar system and gives heat and light
to the earth. 太阳很重要，因为它使行星保持在太阳系中，并给地球提供光和热。
7. Earth is the only planet with life because it is neither too close nor too far from the sun. 地球
是唯一有生命的行星，因为它离太阳既不太远也不太近。
8. Mars is more similar to Earth in size and temperature. And there’s also ice there! 火星在大
小和温度上与地球更相似，而且那里也有冰！
9. Nicolaus Copernicus put forward the idea that the earth and other planets travel around the sun.
尼古拉 哥白尼提出了地球和其他行星绕太阳运行的观点。
10. A fact file of a planet includes its distance from the Sun, size, temperature and other
information. 行星的事实档案包括它与太阳的距离、大小、温度和其他信息。
11. Pluto is a special planet. It takes about 248 Earth years to go around the Sun. 冥王星是一颗
特殊的行星，它绕太阳运行一周大约需要 248 个地球年。
12. There is no air on Mars, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 火星上没有空气，所以
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我们必须自己制造。
13. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球冷，太阳从东方升起。
14. Although the two planets (Earth and Mars) have many differences, they have something in
common—water. 尽管地球和火星有很多不同，但它们有一个共同点 —— 水。
15. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星等待我们去探索，宇宙也是如
此。
基础巩固专项练习
一、单项选择
1. —I feel _______ because I have no friends here.—Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates
to you.
A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. calm
2. She _______ a music club last month and made many friends there.
A. signs up for B. signed up for C. will sign up for D. is signing up for
3. —_______ upset you look! What’s the matter —I failed my math exam.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
4. At the beginning of this term, Li Ming _______ fast and put on much weight.
A. grow B. grows C. grew D. will grow
5. —_______ do you usually deal with stress —I often listen to soft music.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
6. This special landscape with mountains and clouds _______ a beautiful Chinese painting.
A. look like B. looks like C. looked like D. will look like
7. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces _______ in the south of Yunnan Province.
A. lie B. lies C. is lying D. will lie
8. —_______ is the Palace Museum —It covers more than 720,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How wide C. How large D. How tall
9. Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields _______ better use of them.
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A. make B. making C. to make D. made
10. —_______ do you plan to visit during your summer holiday —I plan to visit Mount
Huangshan.
A. Which place B. Which city C. How D. When
11. The Sun _______ the largest and brightest object in the solar system.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
12. It’s about _______ kilometers from the Earth to the Sun.
A. 150,000 B. 15,000,000 C. 150,000,000 D. 1,500,000,000
13. —What does the Big Dipper look like —It _______ a spoon.
A. look like B. looks like C. is looking like D. will look like
14. Mars is _______ than Earth, and it’s colder too.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
15. —_______ planet is the closest to the Sun —Mercury.
A. Which B. What C. How D. Where
16. There _______ a new art exhibition in our city next month.
A. is B. was C. will be D. are
17. She _______ when her mother came back home yesterday evening.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing
18. The teacher advised us _______ more books to improve our reading skills.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
19. —_______ delicious the food in this restaurant is!—Yes. I come here every weekend.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
20. Earth is the only planet _______ life because it’s neither too hot nor too cold.
A. with B. has C. have D. having
二、句型转换
1. Li Hong felt lonely because she had no friends.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ Li Hong feel lonely
2. They will visit the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.（改为否定句）
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They _______ _______ the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.
3. The landscape is very beautiful.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ beautiful landscape it is!
4. The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Palace Museum
5. He often listens to music to relax.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ he often listen to music
6. We plant trees every spring.（用 next spring 改写）
We _______ _______ trees next spring.
7. The girl is dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ the girl is dancing!
8. Tom finished his homework. He watched TV.（合并为一句）
Tom _______ his homework _______ watched TV.
9. The Sun gives us light and warmth.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Sun give us
10. He usually walks to school.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ he usually _______ to school
11. This is an amazing place.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ amazing place this is!
12. They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ they going to _______ this Sunday
13. She likes reading. She wants to be a writer.（合并为一句）
She likes reading, so she _______ _______ _______ a writer.
14. He has to get up early to catch the early bus.（改为否定句）
He _______ _______ _______ get up early to catch the early bus.
15. The weather is bad today.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ weather it is today!
三、根据句意填空
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1. —Why do you look _______ Did you argue with your parents —Yes. They don’t allow me to
play basketball after school.
2. We _______ (visit) the Taj Mahal last summer. It’s one of the most famous sites in India.
3. _______ _______ interesting trip it was! We saw many beautiful places.
4. My parents _______ (both) like traveling. They often take me to visit different cities.
5. You _______ _______ (not need) to buy a new bag. Your old one is still good.
6. _______ _______ useful advice he gave us! It helps a lot with our trip plan.
7. The students _______ _______ (have) a science class about the solar system this afternoon.
8. The workers built this bridge _______ (connect) the two villages.
9. Though it _______ (rain) heavily yesterday, we still went to the museum.
10. There _______ (be) a football match between our school and No. 2 Middle School tomorrow.
四、翻译句子
1. 去年我报名参加了绘画俱乐部，现在我能画出很多美丽的画。
2. 为了更好地利用时间，我们应该制定一个详细的计划。
3. 太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
4. 虽然火星和地球有很多不同，但它们都有水。
5. 当我昨天晚上正在写作业时，我的好朋友给我打电话了。
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答案与解析
答案
一、单项选择
第 1—5 题：B B C B B
第 6—10 题：BAC CA
第 11—15 题：AC B BA
第 16—20 题：C D CAA
二、句型转换
1.Why did 2.won’t visit 3.What a 4.Where is 5.Why does
6.will plant / are going to plant 7.How happily 8.finished; and 9.What does
10.Does; walk 11.What an 12.What are; do 13.wants to be 14.doesn’t have to
15.What bad
三、根据句意填空
1.upset 2.visited 3.What an 4.both 5.don’t need
6.What 7.will have / are going to have 8.to connect 9.rained
10.will be / is going to be
四、翻译句子
1. Last year, I signed up for a painting club, and now I can draw many beautiful pictures.
2. To make better use of time, we should make a detailed plan.
3. The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth.
4. Although Mars and Earth have many differences, they both have water.
5. I was doing my homework last night when my good friend called me.
答案及解析
1. 答案：B
解析：根据答语 “Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates to you”（别担心，我可以把我的
同学介绍给你）及原因状语 “because I have no friends here”（因为我在这里没有朋友），可
知空缺处需表达 “孤独的” 含义。A 选项 “happy”（开心的）、C 选项 “excited”（兴奋的）、
D 选项 “calm”（平静的）均与 “没有朋友” 的语境不符，B 选项 “lonely”（孤独的）符合
语义，故选 B。
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2. 答案：B
解析：句中时间状语 “last month”（上个月）明确句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过
去式。A 选项 “signs up for”（一般现在时，第三人称单数形式）、C 选项 “will sign up for”
（一般将来时）、D 选项 “is signing up for”（现在进行时）均不符合时态要求，B 选项 “signed
up for”（一般过去时，“sign up for” 表示 “报名参加”）符合语法规则与语境，故选 B。
3. 答案：B
解析：本题考查感叹句结构。感叹句常用 “what” 和 “how” 引导，“what” 修饰名词，“how”
修饰形容词或副词。句中 “upset”（沮丧的）是形容词，且后续 “you look” 为主谓结构，符
合 “how + 形容词 + 主谓” 的感叹句结构，无需加冠词。A 选项 “what” 用于修饰名词，
C 选项 “what a”、D 选项 “how a” 均为错误搭配（“how” 后不接冠词），故选 B。
4. 答案：C
解析：时间状语 “At the beginning of this term”（这学期初）表明句子描述过去发生的事情，
时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “grow”（成长）需用过去式 “grew”。A 选项 “grow”（动词
原形，一般现在时）、B 选项 “grows”（一般现在时，第三人称单数形式）、D 选项 “will
grow”（一般将来时）均不符合时态要求，故选 C。
5. 答案：B
解析：根据答语 “I often listen to soft music”（我经常听轻音乐），可知问句是在询问 “处理
压力的方式”，需用疑问词 “how”（如何）。A 选项 “what”（什么，用于询问事物）、C 选
项 “where”（哪里，用于询问地点）、D 选项 “when”（什么时候，用于询问时间）均与 “处
理压力的方式” 这一语境不符，故选 B。
6. 答案：B
解析：句子描述 “有山有云的景观像中国画” 这一客观事实，时态为一般现在时。主语 “this
special landscape”（这片独特的景观）是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “look like”（看起来像）
需用第三人称单数形式 “looks like”。A 选项 “look like”（动词原形）、C 选项 “looked like”
（一般过去时）、D 选项 “will look like”（一般将来时）均不符合时态与主谓一致要求，故
选 B。
7. 答案：A
解析：“The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces”（红河哈尼梯田）是复数名词短语，且句子描述客观
地理位置，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词 “lie”（位于）需用原形。B 选项 “lies”（第三人
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称单数形式，用于主语为单数时）、C 选项 “is lying”（现在进行时，不符合 “描述客观位
置” 的语境）、D 选项 “will lie”（一般将来时）均不符合语法与语义，故选 A。
8. 答案：C
解析：根据答语 “It covers more than 720,000 square meters”（它占地面积超过 72 万平方米），
可知问句是在询问 “面积大小”，需用 “how large”（多大，用于询问面积）。A 选项 “how
long”（多长，用于询问长度或时间）、B 选项 “how wide”（多宽，用于询问宽度）、D 选
项 “how tall”（多高，用于询问高度）均与 “面积” 这一提问对象不符，故选 C。
9. 答案：C
解析：句中 “raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields”（在灌满水的稻田里养鱼和鸭）
的目的是 “更好地利用它们”，空缺处需用动词不定式 “to make” 表目的。A 选项 “make”
（动词原形，无法表目的）、B 选项 “making”（现在分词，表伴随或主动，不表目的）、
D 选项 “made”（过去式 / 过去分词，表过去或被动）均不符合语法功能，故选 C。
10. 答案：A
解析：根据答语 “I plan to visit Mount Huangshan”（我计划去黄山），可知问句是在询问 “计
划参观的地方”，“Mount Huangshan”（黄山）是景点，并非城市，需用 “which place”（哪个
地方）。B 选项 “which city”（哪个城市，与 “黄山是景点” 的属性不符）、C 选项 “how”
（如何，用于询问方式）、D 选项 “when”（什么时候，用于询问时间）均不符合语境，故
选 A。
11. 答案：A
解析：句子描述 “太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体” 这一客观事实，时态为一般现在时。
主语 “the Sun”（太阳）是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “is”。B 选项 “was”（一般过去时，
不符合客观事实的时态要求）、C 选项 “will be”（一般将来时）、D 选项 “is going to be”
（一般将来时）均不符合语义与语法，故选 A。
12. 答案：C
解析：根据 重点句型 2“It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun”（从
地球到太阳大约有 1.5 亿公里），可知正确距离数值为 150,000,000 公里。A 选项 “150,000”
（15 万公里）、B 选项 “15,000,000”（1500 万公里）、D 选项 “1,500,000,000”（15 亿公
里）均与原文信息不符，故选 C。
13. 答案：B
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解析：句子描述北斗七星的外形，是客观事实，时态为一般现在时。主语 “it”（指代 “the Big
Dipper”，北斗七星）是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “look like”（看起来像）需用第三人称单
数形式 “looks like”。A 选项 “look like”（动词原形）、C 选项 “is looking like”（现在进行
时，“look like” 无进行时用法，因 “看起来像” 是静态描述）、D 选项 “will look like”（一
般将来时）均不符合语法与语义，故选 B。
14. 答案：B
解析：句中 “than”（比）表明句子存在比较关系，形容词需用比较级形式。“small”（小的）
的比较级是 “smaller”，符合 “Mars is smaller than Earth”（火星比地球小）的语义。A 选项
“small”（原级，无比较含义）、C 选项 “smallest”（最高级，缺少定冠词 “the”，且无三者
及以上比较的语境）、D 选项 “the smallest”（最高级，不符合 “两者比较” 的语境）均错
误，故选 B。
15. 答案：A
解析：根据答语 “Mercury”（水星），可知问句是在询问 “哪个行星离太阳最近”，需用疑
问词 “which”（哪个，用于在特定范围内选择）。B 选项 “what”（什么，不用于特定范围
的选择）、C 选项 “how”（如何，用于询问方式）、D 选项 “where”（哪里，用于询问地
点）均与 “选择特定行星” 的语境不符，故选 A。
16. 答案：C
解析：时间状语 “next month”（下个月）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“there be” 句型的一
般将来时结构为 “there will be” 或 “there is/are going to be”。主语 “a new art exhibition”（一
场新的艺术展览）是单数，若用 “there is going to be” 也可，但选项中仅 “will be” 符合，A
选项 “is”（一般现在时）、B 选项 “was”（一般过去时）、D 选项 “are”（一般现在时，主
语为复数时用）均不符合时态要求，故选 C。
17. 答案：D
解析：句中 “when her mother came back home yesterday evening”（昨天晚上她妈妈回家的时
候）是过去的时间点，主句动作 “draw”（画画）在此时点正在进行，需用过去进行时
“was/were + 现在分词”。主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，故用 “was drawing”。A 选项 “draws”
（一般现在时）、B 选项 “drew”（一般过去时，表动作已完成，不表 “正在进行”）、C 选
项 “is drawing”（现在进行时，时态与 “yesterday evening” 不符）均错误，故选 D。
18. 答案：C
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解析：本题考查固定搭配 “advise sb. to do sth.”（建议某人做某事），空缺处需用动词不定
式 “to read”。A 选项 “read”（动词原形，不符合 “advise sb. + 不定式” 的搭配）、B 选项
“reading”（动名词 / 现在分词，“advise” 后接动名词需用 “advise doing sth.”，不接 “sb. + 动
名词”）、D 选项 “reads”（第三人称单数形式，不符合搭配）均错误，故选 C。
19. 答案：A
解析：本题考查感叹句结构。“delicious”（美味的）是形容词，修饰形容词需用 “how”，符
合 “how + 形容词 + 主谓”（the food in this restaurant is）的结构，无需加冠词。B 选项 “what”
（用于修饰名词）、C 选项 “what a”（用于修饰可数名词单数）、D 选项 “how a”（错误
搭配，“how” 后不接冠词）均不符合语法，故选 A。
20. 答案：A
解析：句子已有谓语动词 “is”，空缺处需用介词 “with”（带有）构成介词短语 “with life” 作
后置定语，修饰 “planet”（行星），表 “有生命的行星”。B 选项 “has”（动词，“有”，若用
“has” 则句子出现 “is” 和 “has” 两个谓语，语法错误）、C 选项 “have”（动词原形，同理
错误）、D 选项 “having”（现在分词，表主动或进行，不符合 “带有生命” 的语义）均错
误，故选 A。
二、句型转换
1. 答案：Why did
解析：原句划线部分 “because she had no friends”（因为她没有朋友）是原因状语，对原因
提问需用疑问词 “why”（为什么）。原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “felt”（feel 的过去
式）是实义动词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “did”，且 “felt” 需恢复为原形 “feel”，故答案为
“Why did”。
2. 答案：won’t visit
解析：原句时态为一般将来时，结构为 “will + 动词原形”（“will visit” 表示 “将参观”），
变否定句需在 “will” 后加 “not”，缩写为 “won’t”，谓语动词 “visit” 保持原形，故答案为
“won’t visit”。
3. 答案：What a
解析：原句 “The landscape is very beautiful”（这片景观非常美丽）变感叹句，中心词
“landscape”（景观）是可数名词单数，且 “beautiful”（美丽的）是以辅音音素开头的单词，
需用 “what a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主谓” 的结构，故答案为 “What a”。
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4. 答案：Where is
解析：原句划线部分 “in the center of Beijing”（在北京的中心）是地点状语，对地点提问需
用疑问词 “where”（哪里）。原句时态为一般现在时，谓语动词 “is” 是 be 动词，变疑问
句需将 “is” 提前至主语 “the Palace Museum” 前，故答案为 “Where is”。
5. 答案：Why does
解析：原句划线部分 “to relax”（为了放松）是目的状语，对目的提问需用疑问词 “why”（为
什么）。原句时态为一般现在时，主语 “he” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “listens”（listen 的
第三人称单数形式）是实义动词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “does”，且 “listens” 需恢复为原
形 “listen”，故答案为 “Why does”。
6. 答案：will plant / are going to plant
解析：原句时态为一般现在时（“plant trees every spring” 表示 “每年春天种树”），时间状
语改为 “next spring”（明年春天）后，句子时态变为一般将来时，可表达为 “will + 动词原
形” 或 “be going to + 动词原形”。主语 “we” 是复数，若用 “be going to” 结构，“be” 需用
“are”，“plant”（种植）保持原形，故答案为 “will plant /are going to plant”。
7. 答案：How happily
解析：原句 “The girl is dancing happily（” 这个女孩正开心地跳舞）变感叹句，中心词 “happily”
（开心地）是副词，修饰副词需用 “how”，符合 “how + 副词 + 主谓”（the girl is dancing）
的结构，故答案为 “How happily”。
8. 答案：finished; and
解析：原句 “Tom finished his homework. He watched TV”（汤姆完成了作业。他看了电视）
两个分句均为一般过去时，且表并列关系（“完成作业” 和 “看电视” 是先后发生的两个动
作），需用连词 “and” 连接，两个谓语动词 “finished” 和 “watched” 均保持过去式，故答
案为 “finished; and”。
9. 答案：What does
解析：原句划线部分 “light and warmth”（光和热）是宾语（“gives us light and warmth” 表示
“给我们提供光和热”），对事物提问需用疑问词 “what”（什么）。原句时态为一般现在时，
主语 “the Sun” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “gives”（give 的第三人称单数形式）是实义动
词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “does”，且 “gives” 需恢复为原形 “give”，故答案为 “What does”。
10. 答案：Does; walk
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解析：原句时态为一般现在时（“walks to school” 表示 “步行去上学”），主语 “he” 是第三
人称单数，谓语动词 “walks”（walk 的第三人称单数形式）是实义动词，变一般疑问句需
借助助动词 “does”，且 “walks” 需恢复为原形 “walk”，故答案为 “Does; walk”。
11. 答案：What an
解析：原句 “This is an amazing place”（这是一个令人惊叹的地方）变感叹句，中心词 “place”
（地方）是可数名词单数，且 “amazing”（令人惊叹的）是以元音音素开头的单词，需用 “what
an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主谓” 的结构，故答案为 “What an”。
12. 答案：What are; do
解析：原句划线部分 “have a picnic”（去野餐）是谓语动作（“are going to have a picnic” 表
示 “将要去野餐”），对动作提问需用疑问词 “what”（什么），并补充实义动词 “do”（做）。
原句时态为一般将来时（“be going to” 结构），主语 “they” 是复数，“be” 需用 “are”，并
提前至主语前，故答案为 “What are; do”。
13. 答案：wants to be
解析：原句 “She likes reading. She wants to be a writer”（她喜欢阅读。她想成为一名作家）
两个分句表因果关系（“喜欢阅读” 是 “想成为作家” 的原因），用 “so”（所以）连接后，
后半句主语仍为 “she”（第三人称单数），时态为一般现在时，“want to be”（想成为）中 “want”
需用第三人称单数形式 “wants”，故答案为 “wants to be”。
14. 答案：doesn’t have to
解析：原句 “has to”（不得不，表客观需要）变否定句，时态为一般现在时，主语 “he” 是
第三人称单数，需借助助动词 “does”，后加 “not”（缩写为 “doesn’t”），“has to” 需恢复为
“have to”，故答案为 “doesn’t have to”。
15. 答案：What bad
解析：原句 “The weather is bad today”（今天天气不好）变感叹句，中心词 “weather”（天气）
是不可数名词，需用 “what + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主谓” 的结构，“bad”（坏的）修饰
“weather”，故答案为 “What bad”。
三、根据句意填空
1. 答案：upset
解析：根据答语 “Yes. They don’t allow me to play basketball after school”（是的，他们不允许
我放学后打篮球），可知问句是在询问 “为什么看起来沮丧”，“upset”（沮丧的，形容词）
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符合 “look + 形容词” 的系表结构，且与 “不被允许打篮球” 的语境相符，故填 “upset”。
2. 答案：visited
解析：时间状语 “last summer”（去年夏天）表明句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “visit”
（参观）需用过去式 “visited”，且 “visit the Taj Mahal”（参观泰姬陵）符合 “去年夏天发生
的动作” 的语义，故填 “visited”。
3. 答案：What an
解析：句中 “interesting trip”（有趣的旅行）是可数名词单数，且 “interesting”（有趣的）是
以元音音素开头的单词，感叹句需用 “what an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 的结构（省略了
主谓 “it was”），符合 “感叹旅行有趣” 的语境，故填 “What an”。
4. 答案：both
解析：根据后句 “They often take me to visit different cities”（他们经常带我去参观不同的城
市），可知 “my parents”（我的父母）两人都喜欢旅行，“both”（两者都，代词）用于指代 “父
母两人”，符合 “both + 复数主语” 的用法，故填 “both”。
5. 答案：don’t need
解析：根据后句 “Your old one is still good”（你的旧包还很好），可知前句表达 “不需要买
新包”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “you” 是第二人称，“need”（需要，实义动词）变否
定句需借助助动词 “don’t”，“need” 保持原形，故填 “don’t need”。
6. 答案：What
解析：句中 “useful advice”（有用的建议）是不可数名词短语（“advice” 为不可数名词），
感叹句需用 “what + 形容词 + 不可数名词” 的结构（省略了主谓 “he gave us”），符合 “感
叹建议有用” 的语境，故填 “What”。
7. 答案：will have / are going to have
解析：时间状语 “this afternoon（” 今天下午）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“have a science class”
（上科学课）是谓语动作，一般将来时可表达为 “will + 动词原形” 或 “be going to + 动词
原形”。主语 “the students” 是复数，若用 “be going to” 结构，“be” 需用 “are”，故填 “will
have /are going to have”。
8. 答案：to connect
解析：“built this bridge”（建这座桥）的目的是 “连接两个村庄”，空缺处需用动词不定式 “to
connect”（连接）表目的，符合 “动词不定式作目的状语” 的语法功能，故填 “to connect”。
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9. 答案：rained
解析：时间状语 “yesterday”（昨天）表明句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “rain”（下雨）
需用过去式 “rained”，且 “though it rained heavily”（尽管雨下得很大）符合 “转折关系” 的
语境（后半句 “we still went to the museum” 表示 “我们还是去了博物馆”），故填 “rained”。
10. 答案：will be / is going to be
解析：时间状语 “tomorrow”（明天）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“there be” 句型表 “存在
有”，一般将来时结构为 “there will be” 或 “there is/are going to be”。主语 “a football match”
（一场足球比赛）是单数，若用 “there is going to be” 结构，“be” 需用 “is”，故填 “will be
/is going to be”。
四、翻译句子
1. 答案：Last year, I signed up for a painting club, and now I can draw many beautiful pictures.
解析：“去年” 译为 “last year”，作时间状语，对应句子前半部分 “报名参加绘画俱乐部” 的
动作，时态为一般过去时，“报名参加” 用 “signed up for”，“绘画俱乐部” 译为 “a painting
club”；“现在” 译为 “now”，对应句子后半部分 “能画出很多美丽的画” 的状态，时态为一
般现在时，“能画出” 用 “can draw”（“can” 后接动词原形），“很多美丽的画” 译为 “many
beautiful pictures”；两部分用 “and” 连接表并列，符合中英文语义对应与语法规则。
2. 答案：To make better use of time, we should make a detailed plan.
解析：“为了更好地利用时间” 表目的，译为 “To make better use of time”；“我们应该” 译为
“we should”（“should” 后接动词原形，表建议），“制定” 用 “make”，“一个详细的计划” 译
为 “a detailed plan”，整体符合 “目的 + 建议” 的语义逻辑与英文表达习惯。
3. 答案：The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and
warmth.
解析：该句为客观事实，时态为一般现在时。“太阳” 译为 “The Sun”（专有名词，首字母
大写），“太阳系中最大、最亮的天体” 译为 “the largest and brightest object in the solar system”
（形容词最高级 “largest and brightest” 修饰 “object”，加定冠词 “the”，“in the solar system”
作后置定语表范围），“给我们提供光和热” 译为 “gives us light and warmth”（主语 “The Sun”
是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “gives” 用单数形式）。
4. 答案：Although Mars and Earth have many differences, they both have water.
解析：“虽然” 译为 “although”（引导让步状语从句，英文中 “although” 不与 “but” 连用，
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符合语法规则），“火星和地球” 译为 “Mars and Earth”（专有名词，首字母大写），“有很
多不同” 译为 “have many differences”；“它们都” 译为 “they both”（“both” 指代 “Mars and
Earth”，表两者都），“有水” 译为 “have water”；整体符合 “让步关系” 的语义（“尽管有
不同，但都有水”）。
5. 答案：I was doing my homework last night when my good friend called me.
解析：“当…… 时” 用 “when” 引导时间状语从句，“昨天晚上” 译为 “last night”，对应 “过
去时间” 的语境；主句 “我正在写作业” 表 “过去某一时间点正在进行的动作”，用过去进
行时 “was doing my homework”（主语 “I” 后接 “was”）；从句 “我的好朋友给我打电话了”
表 “过去某一时间点发生的短暂动作”，用一般过去时 “called me”（“call” 的过去式）；符
合 “过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时” 的语法结构，准确表达 “写作业时电话响起” 的动
作时间关系。
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知识过关第3讲 句型
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Unit 4 Growing by changing 重点句型
1. I have the flu. I can’t go out. I can’t visit my grandparents and I can’t see my friends. I feel
tired. What should I do 我得了流感。我不能出去，不能去看望祖父母，也不能见朋友。
我感觉很累。我该怎么办？
2. I feel so happy. It’s the Spring Festival in Chinatown today. I enjoyed the fireworks and I got a red packet from a shop keeper. Lucky! 我太开心了。今天是唐人街的春节。我看了烟花，还从店主那里得到了一个红包。太幸运了！
3. Why do you look upset I’m feeling nervous about tomorrow’s speech. 你为什么看起来沮丧？我对明天的演讲感到紧张。
4. Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us. 现在，李红在学校有了很多朋友，并且和我们相处融洽。
5. As teenagers grow in age, their bodies reach their full adult height. This is the clearest change.随着青少年年龄的增长，他们的身体达到成人的身高。这是最明显的变化。
6. Last October, I signed up for a music club. I felt so lucky to make some good friends there.
去年 10 月，我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。在那里交到一些好朋友，我感到很幸运。
7. At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight. So, I felt very bad about myself and argued with my parents very often. 八年级刚开始的时候，我长得很快，体重也增加了很多。所以，我对自己感觉很不好，还经常和父母争吵。
8. Luckily, Zhenzhen always encouraged me. Little by little, I became more confident. 幸运的是，珍珍总是鼓励我。渐渐地，我变得更自信了。
9. Now, I’m no longer worried about my weight and I feel very happy about myself. 现在，我不再担心我的体重，对自己感到很满意。
10. I hope you enjoy everything at your new school. 我希望你在新学校一切都愉快。
11. First, good planning is an important first step to take, and then you should follow the plan.
首先，制定好计划是重要的第一步，然后你应该按照计划执行。
12. Getting high scores in exams can help you build confidence. 在考试中取得高分能帮助你建立信心。
Unit 5 Exploring Amazing Places 重点句型
1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday 你假期计划参观哪个地方？
2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. 我计划去黄山。它位于安徽省南部。
3. It’s 5 o’clock in the morning now. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square. It’s 880 meters long from the north to the south and 500 meters wide from the east to the west. 现在是早上 5 点。我们正在天安门广场上散步。它南北长 880 米，东西宽 500 米。
4. The Palace Museum covers a very large area, more than 720,000 square meters. 故宫博物院占地面积很大，超过 72 万平方米。
5. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice for vacation. 云南的红河哈尼梯田可能是度假的好选择。
6. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. 有山有云，这片独特的景观就像一幅美丽的中国画。
7. In ancient times, the Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to fields. 古代，哈尼族人开发了灌溉工程。如今，它仍然帮助他们将水从森林引到田地。
8. To make better use of these water-filled rice fields, farmers raise fish and ducks in them. 为了更好地利用这些灌满水的稻田，农民在里面养鱼和鸭。
9. The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous sites in India. Emperor Shah Jahan built it to remember his wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal. 泰姬陵是印度最著名的景点之一。沙贾汗皇帝为纪念他的妻子穆姆塔兹 玛哈尔皇后而建。
10. Over 20,000 workers spent more than 20 years building it and used many kinds of expensive stones from different parts of the world. 超过 2 万名工人花了 20 多年时间建造它，并用了来自世界各地的多种昂贵石材。
11. Yellowstone National Park is America’s first national park. It covers about 9,065 square kilometers. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园。它占地面积约 9065 平方公里。
Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 重点句型
1. The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth. 太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
2. It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun. 从地球到太阳大约有 1.5 亿公里。
3. The Big Dipper looks like a spoon. Follow the two stars on the right, you can find the North Star. 北斗七星看起来像一把勺子。沿着右边的两颗星，你能找到北极星。
4. One star never appears at night. It’s the sun. It’s our daytime star. 有一颗星从不在夜晚出现。它是太阳，我们白天的星。
5. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are closer to the Sun. The outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are farther away. 内行星包括水 星、金星、地球和火星，它们离太阳更近；外行星包括木星、土星、天王星和海王星，它们离太阳更远。
6. The Sun is important because it keeps the planets in the solar system and gives heat and light to the earth. 太阳很重要，因为它使行星保持在太阳系中，并给地球提供光和热。
7. Earth is the only planet with life because it is neither too close nor too far from the sun. 地球 是唯一有生命的行星，因为它离太阳既不太远也不太近。
8. Mars is more similar to Earth in size and temperature. And there’s also ice there! 火星在大 小和温度上与地球更相似，而且那里也有冰！
9. Nicolaus Copernicus put forward the idea that the earth and other planets travel around the sun. 尼古拉 哥白尼提出了地球和其他行星绕太阳运行的观点。
10. A fact file of a planet includes its distance from the Sun, size, temperature and other information. 行星的事实档案包括它与太阳的距离、大小、温度和其他信息。
11. Pluto is a special planet. It takes about 248 Earth years to go around the Sun. 冥王星是一颗 特殊的行星，它绕太阳运行一周大约需要 248 个地球年。
12. There is no air on Mars, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 火星上没有空气，所以 我们必须自己制造。
13. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球冷，太阳从东方升起。
14. Although the two planets (Earth and Mars) have many differences, they have something in common—water. 尽管地球和火星有很多不同，但它们有一个共同点 —— 水。
15. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星等待我们去探索，宇宙也是如此。
一、单项选择
—I feel _______ because I have no friends here.—Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates to you.
A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. calm
She _______ a music club last month and made many friends there.
A. signs up for B. signed up for C. will sign up for D. is signing up for
—_______ upset you look! What’s the matter —I failed my math exam.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
At the beginning of this term, Li Ming _______ fast and put on much weight.
A. grow B. grows C. grew D. will grow
—_______ do you usually deal with stress —I often listen to soft music.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
This special landscape with mountains and clouds _______ a beautiful Chinese painting.
A. look like B. looks like C. looked like D. will look like
The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces _______ in the south of Yunnan Province.
A. lie B. lies C. is lying D. will lie
—_______ is the Palace Museum —It covers more than 720,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How wide C. How large D. How tall
Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields _______ better use of them.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
—_______ do you plan to visit during your summer holiday —I plan to visit Mount Huangshan.
A. Which place B. Which city C. How D. When
The Sun _______ the largest and brightest object in the solar system.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
It’s about _______ kilometers from the Earth to the Sun.
A. 150,000 B. 15,000,000 C. 150,000,000 D. 1,500,000,000
—What does the Big Dipper look like —It _______ a spoon.
A. look like B. looks like C. is looking like D. will look like
Mars is _______ than Earth, and it’s colder too.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
—_______ planet is the closest to the Sun —Mercury.
A. Which B. What C. How D. Where
There _______ a new art exhibition in our city next month.
A. is B. was C. will be D. are
She _______ when her mother came back home yesterday evening.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing
The teacher advised us _______ more books to improve our reading skills.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
—_______ delicious the food in this restaurant is!—Yes. I come here every weekend.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
Earth is the only planet _______ life because it’s neither too hot nor too cold.
A. with B. has C. have D. having
二、句型转换
Li Hong felt lonely because she had no friends.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ Li Hong feel lonely
They will visit the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.（改为否定句）
They _______ _______ the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.
The landscape is very beautiful.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ beautiful landscape it is!
The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Palace Museum
He often listens to music to relax.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ he often listen to music
We plant trees every spring.（用 next spring 改写）
We _______ _______ trees next spring.
The girl is dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ the girl is dancing!
Tom finished his homework. He watched TV.（合并为一句）
Tom _______ his homework _______ watched TV.
The Sun gives us light and warmth.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Sun give us
He usually walks to school.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ he usually _______ to school
This is an amazing place.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ amazing place this is!
They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ they going to _______ this Sunday
She likes reading. She wants to be a writer.（合并为一句）
She likes reading, so she _______ _______ _______ a writer.
He has to get up early to catch the early bus.（改为否定句）
He _______ _______ _______ get up early to catch the early bus.
The weather is bad today.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ weather it is today!
三、根据句意填空
—Why do you look _______ Did you argue with your parents —Yes. They don’t allow me to play basketball after school.
We _______ (visit) the Taj Mahal last summer. It’s one of the most famous sites in India.
_______ _______ interesting trip it was! We saw many beautiful places.
My parents _______ (both) like traveling. They often take me to visit different cities.
You _______ _______ (not need) to buy a new bag. Your old one is still good.
_______ _______ useful advice he gave us! It helps a lot with our trip plan.
The students _______ _______ (have) a science class about the solar system this afternoon.
The workers built this bridge _______ (connect) the two villages.
Though it _______ (rain) heavily yesterday, we still went to the museum.
There _______ (be) a football match between our school and No. 2 Middle School tomorrow.
四、翻译句子
去年我报名参加了绘画俱乐部，现在我能画出很多美丽的画。
为了更好地利用时间，我们应该制定一个详细的计划。
太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
虽然火星和地球有很多不同，但它们都有水。
当我昨天晚上正在写作业时，我的好朋友给我打电话了。知识过关第3讲 句型
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Unit 4 Growing by changing 重点句型
1. I have the flu. I can’t go out. I can’t visit my grandparents and I can’t see my friends. I feel
tired. What should I do 我得了流感。我不能出去，不能去看望祖父母，也不能见朋友。
我感觉很累。我该怎么办？
2. I feel so happy. It’s the Spring Festival in Chinatown today. I enjoyed the fireworks and I got a red packet from a shop keeper. Lucky! 我太开心了。今天是唐人街的春节。我看了烟花，还从店主那里得到了一个红包。太幸运了！
3. Why do you look upset I’m feeling nervous about tomorrow’s speech. 你为什么看起来沮丧？我对明天的演讲感到紧张。
4. Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us. 现在，李红在学校有了很多朋友，并且和我们相处融洽。
5. As teenagers grow in age, their bodies reach their full adult height. This is the clearest change.随着青少年年龄的增长，他们的身体达到成人的身高。这是最明显的变化。
6. Last October, I signed up for a music club. I felt so lucky to make some good friends there.
去年 10 月，我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。在那里交到一些好朋友，我感到很幸运。
7. At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight. So, I felt very bad about myself and argued with my parents very often. 八年级刚开始的时候，我长得很快，体重也增加了很多。所以，我对自己感觉很不好，还经常和父母争吵。
8. Luckily, Zhenzhen always encouraged me. Little by little, I became more confident. 幸运的是，珍珍总是鼓励我。渐渐地，我变得更自信了。
9. Now, I’m no longer worried about my weight and I feel very happy about myself. 现在，我不再担心我的体重，对自己感到很满意。
10. I hope you enjoy everything at your new school. 我希望你在新学校一切都愉快。
11. First, good planning is an important first step to take, and then you should follow the plan.
首先，制定好计划是重要的第一步，然后你应该按照计划执行。
12. Getting high scores in exams can help you build confidence. 在考试中取得高分能帮助你建立信心。
Unit 5 Exploring Amazing Places 重点句型
1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday 你假期计划参观哪个地方？
2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. It lies in the south of Anhui Province. 我计划去黄山。它位于安徽省南部。
3. It’s 5 o’clock in the morning now. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square. It’s 880 meters long from the north to the south and 500 meters wide from the east to the west. 现在是早上 5 点。我们正在天安门广场上散步。它南北长 880 米，东西宽 500 米。
4. The Palace Museum covers a very large area, more than 720,000 square meters. 故宫博物院占地面积很大，超过 72 万平方米。
5. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice for vacation. 云南的红河哈尼梯田可能是度假的好选择。
6. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. 有山有云，这片独特的景观就像一幅美丽的中国画。
7. In ancient times, the Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to fields. 古代，哈尼族人开发了灌溉工程。如今，它仍然帮助他们将水从森林引到田地。
8. To make better use of these water-filled rice fields, farmers raise fish and ducks in them. 为了更好地利用这些灌满水的稻田，农民在里面养鱼和鸭。
9. The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous sites in India. Emperor Shah Jahan built it to remember his wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal. 泰姬陵是印度最著名的景点之一。沙贾汗皇帝为纪念他的妻子穆姆塔兹 玛哈尔皇后而建。
10. Over 20,000 workers spent more than 20 years building it and used many kinds of expensive stones from different parts of the world. 超过 2 万名工人花了 20 多年时间建造它，并用了来自世界各地的多种昂贵石材。
11. Yellowstone National Park is America’s first national park. It covers about 9,065 square kilometers. 黄石国家公园是美国第一个国家公园。它占地面积约 9065 平方公里。
Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors 重点句型
1. The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth. 太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
2. It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun. 从地球到太阳大约有 1.5 亿公里。
3. The Big Dipper looks like a spoon. Follow the two stars on the right, you can find the North Star. 北斗七星看起来像一把勺子。沿着右边的两颗星，你能找到北极星。
4. One star never appears at night. It’s the sun. It’s our daytime star. 有一颗星从不在夜晚出现。它是太阳，我们白天的星。
5. The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. They are closer to the Sun. The outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. They are farther away. 内行星包括水 星、金星、地球和火星，它们离太阳更近；外行星包括木星、土星、天王星和海王星，它们离太阳更远。
6. The Sun is important because it keeps the planets in the solar system and gives heat and light to the earth. 太阳很重要，因为它使行星保持在太阳系中，并给地球提供光和热。
7. Earth is the only planet with life because it is neither too close nor too far from the sun. 地球 是唯一有生命的行星，因为它离太阳既不太远也不太近。
8. Mars is more similar to Earth in size and temperature. And there’s also ice there! 火星在大 小和温度上与地球更相似，而且那里也有冰！
9. Nicolaus Copernicus put forward the idea that the earth and other planets travel around the sun. 尼古拉 哥白尼提出了地球和其他行星绕太阳运行的观点。
10. A fact file of a planet includes its distance from the Sun, size, temperature and other information. 行星的事实档案包括它与太阳的距离、大小、温度和其他信息。
11. Pluto is a special planet. It takes about 248 Earth years to go around the Sun. 冥王星是一颗 特殊的行星，它绕太阳运行一周大约需要 248 个地球年。
12. There is no air on Mars, so we have to produce some by ourselves. 火星上没有空气，所以 我们必须自己制造。
13. Mars is colder than Earth and the Sun rises from the east. 火星比地球冷，太阳从东方升起。
14. Although the two planets (Earth and Mars) have many differences, they have something in common—water. 尽管地球和火星有很多不同，但它们有一个共同点 —— 水。
15. Mars is waiting for us to explore, and so is the universe. 火星等待我们去探索，宇宙也是如此。
一、单项选择
—I feel _______ because I have no friends here.—Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates to you.
A. happy B. lonely C. excited D. calm
She _______ a music club last month and made many friends there.
A. signs up for B. signed up for C. will sign up for D. is signing up for
—_______ upset you look! What’s the matter —I failed my math exam.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
At the beginning of this term, Li Ming _______ fast and put on much weight.
A. grow B. grows C. grew D. will grow
—_______ do you usually deal with stress —I often listen to soft music.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When
This special landscape with mountains and clouds _______ a beautiful Chinese painting.
A. look like B. looks like C. looked like D. will look like
The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces _______ in the south of Yunnan Province.
A. lie B. lies C. is lying D. will lie
—_______ is the Palace Museum —It covers more than 720,000 square meters.
A. How long B. How wide C. How large D. How tall
Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields _______ better use of them.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
—_______ do you plan to visit during your summer holiday —I plan to visit Mount Huangshan.
A. Which place B. Which city C. How D. When
The Sun _______ the largest and brightest object in the solar system.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
It’s about _______ kilometers from the Earth to the Sun.
A. 150,000 B. 15,000,000 C. 150,000,000 D. 1,500,000,000
—What does the Big Dipper look like —It _______ a spoon.
A. look like B. looks like C. is looking like D. will look like
Mars is _______ than Earth, and it’s colder too.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
—_______ planet is the closest to the Sun —Mercury.
A. Which B. What C. How D. Where
There _______ a new art exhibition in our city next month.
A. is B. was C. will be D. are
She _______ when her mother came back home yesterday evening.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing
The teacher advised us _______ more books to improve our reading skills.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
—_______ delicious the food in this restaurant is!—Yes. I come here every weekend.
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
Earth is the only planet _______ life because it’s neither too hot nor too cold.
A. with B. has C. have D. having
二、句型转换
Li Hong felt lonely because she had no friends.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ Li Hong feel lonely
They will visit the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.（改为否定句）
They _______ _______ the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces next year.
The landscape is very beautiful.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ beautiful landscape it is!
The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Palace Museum
He often listens to music to relax.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ he often listen to music
We plant trees every spring.（用 next spring 改写）
We _______ _______ trees next spring.
The girl is dancing happily.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ the girl is dancing!
Tom finished his homework. He watched TV.（合并为一句）
Tom _______ his homework _______ watched TV.
The Sun gives us light and warmth.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the Sun give us
He usually walks to school.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ he usually _______ to school
This is an amazing place.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ amazing place this is!
They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ they going to _______ this Sunday
She likes reading. She wants to be a writer.（合并为一句）
She likes reading, so she _______ _______ _______ a writer.
He has to get up early to catch the early bus.（改为否定句）
He _______ _______ _______ get up early to catch the early bus.
The weather is bad today.（改为感叹句）
_______ _______ weather it is today!
三、根据句意填空
—Why do you look _______ Did you argue with your parents —Yes. They don’t allow me to play basketball after school.
We _______ (visit) the Taj Mahal last summer. It’s one of the most famous sites in India.
_______ _______ interesting trip it was! We saw many beautiful places.
My parents _______ (both) like traveling. They often take me to visit different cities.
You _______ _______ (not need) to buy a new bag. Your old one is still good.
_______ _______ useful advice he gave us! It helps a lot with our trip plan.
The students _______ _______ (have) a science class about the solar system this afternoon.
The workers built this bridge _______ (connect) the two villages.
Though it _______ (rain) heavily yesterday, we still went to the museum.
There _______ (be) a football match between our school and No. 2 Middle School tomorrow.
四、翻译句子
去年我报名参加了绘画俱乐部，现在我能画出很多美丽的画。
为了更好地利用时间，我们应该制定一个详细的计划。
太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体，给我们提供光和热。
虽然火星和地球有很多不同，但它们都有水。
当我昨天晚上正在写作业时，我的好朋友给我打电话了。
答案与解析
答案
一、单项选择
第 1—5 题：B B C B B
第 6—10 题：B A C C A
第 11—15 题：A C B B A
第 16—20 题：C D C A A
二、句型转换
1.Why did 2.won’t visit 3.What a 4.Where is 5.Why does
6.will plant / are going to plant 7.How happily 8.finished; and 9.What does
10.Does; walk 11.What an 12.What are; do 13.wants to be 14.doesn’t have to 15.What bad
三、根据句意填空
1.upset 2.visited 3.What an 4.both 5.don’t need 6.What 7.will have / are going to have 8.to connect 9.rained
10.will be / is going to be
四、翻译句子
Last year, I signed up for a painting club, and now I can draw many beautiful pictures.
To make better use of time, we should make a detailed plan.
The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth.
Although Mars and Earth have many differences, they both have water.
I was doing my homework last night when my good friend called me.
答案及解析
答案：B
解析：根据答语 “Don’t worry. I can introduce my classmates to you”（别担心，我可以把我的同学介绍给你）及原因状语 “because I have no friends here”（因为我在这里没有朋友），可知空缺处需表达 “孤独的” 含义。A 选项 “happy”（开心的）、C 选项 “excited”（兴奋的）、D 选项 “calm”（平静的）均与 “没有朋友” 的语境不符，B 选项 “lonely”（孤独的）符合语义，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：句中时间状语 “last month”（上个月）明确句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。A 选项 “signs up for”（一般现在时，第三人称单数形式）、C 选项 “will sign up for”（一般将来时）、D 选项 “is signing up for”（现在进行时）均不符合时态要求，B 选项 “signed up for”（一般过去时，“sign up for” 表示 “报名参加”）符合语法规则与语境，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：本题考查感叹句结构。感叹句常用 “what” 和 “how” 引导，“what” 修饰名词，“how” 修饰形容词或副词。句中 “upset”（沮丧的）是形容词，且后续 “you look” 为主谓结构，符合 “how + 形容词 + 主谓” 的感叹句结构，无需加冠词。A 选项 “what” 用于修饰名词，C 选项 “what a”、D 选项 “how a” 均为错误搭配（“how” 后不接冠词），故选 B。
答案：C
解析：时间状语 “At the beginning of this term”（这学期初）表明句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “grow”（成长）需用过去式 “grew”。A 选项 “grow”（动词原形，一般现在时）、B 选项 “grows”（一般现在时，第三人称单数形式）、D 选项 “will grow”（一般将来时）均不符合时态要求，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：根据答语 “I often listen to soft music”（我经常听轻音乐），可知问句是在询问 “处理压力的方式”，需用疑问词 “how”（如何）。A 选项 “what”（什么，用于询问事物）、C 选项 “where”（哪里，用于询问地点）、D 选项 “when”（什么时候，用于询问时间）均与 “处理压力的方式” 这一语境不符，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：句子描述 “有山有云的景观像中国画” 这一客观事实，时态为一般现在时。主语 “this special landscape”（这片独特的景观）是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “look like”（看起来像）需用第三人称单数形式 “looks like”。A 选项 “look like”（动词原形）、C 选项 “looked like”（一般过去时）、D 选项 “will look like”（一般将来时）均不符合时态与主谓一致要求，故选 B。
答案：A
解析：“The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces”（红河哈尼梯田）是复数名词短语，且句子描述客观地理位置，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词 “lie”（位于）需用原形。B 选项 “lies”（第三人称单数形式，用于主语为单数时）、C 选项 “is lying”（现在进行时，不符合 “描述客观位置” 的语境）、D 选项 “will lie”（一般将来时）均不符合语法与语义，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：根据答语 “It covers more than 720,000 square meters”（它占地面积超过 72 万平方米），可知问句是在询问 “面积大小”，需用 “how large”（多大，用于询问面积）。A 选项 “how long”（多长，用于询问长度或时间）、B 选项 “how wide”（多宽，用于询问宽度）、D 选项 “how tall”（多高，用于询问高度）均与 “面积” 这一提问对象不符，故选 C。
答案：C
解析：句中 “raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields”（在灌满水的稻田里养鱼和鸭）的目的是 “更好地利用它们”，空缺处需用动词不定式 “to make” 表目的。A 选项 “make”（动词原形，无法表目的）、B 选项 “making”（现在分词，表伴随或主动，不表目的）、D 选项 “made”（过去式 / 过去分词，表过去或被动）均不符合语法功能，故选 C。
答案：A
解析：根据答语 “I plan to visit Mount Huangshan”（我计划去黄山），可知问句是在询问 “计划参观的地方”，“Mount Huangshan”（黄山）是景点，并非城市，需用 “which place”（哪个地方）。B 选项 “which city”（哪个城市，与 “黄山是景点” 的属性不符）、C 选项 “how”（如何，用于询问方式）、D 选项 “when”（什么时候，用于询问时间）均不符合语境，故选 A。
答案：A
解析：句子描述 “太阳是太阳系中最大、最亮的天体” 这一客观事实，时态为一般现在时。主语 “the Sun”（太阳）是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 “is”。B 选项 “was”（一般过去时，不符合客观事实的时态要求）、C 选项 “will be”（一般将来时）、D 选项 “is going to be”（一般将来时）均不符合语义与语法，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：根据 重点句型 2“It’s about 150,000,000 kilometers away from the earth to the sun”（从地球到太阳大约有 1.5 亿公里），可知正确距离数值为 150,000,000 公里。A 选项 “150,000”（15 万公里）、B 选项 “15,000,000”（1500 万公里）、D 选项 “1,500,000,000”（15 亿公里）均与原文信息不符，故选 C。
答案：B
解析：句子描述北斗七星的外形，是客观事实，时态为一般现在时。主语 “it”（指代 “the Big Dipper”，北斗七星）是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “look like”（看起来像）需用第三人称单数形式 “looks like”。A 选项 “look like”（动词原形）、C 选项 “is looking like”（现在进行时，“look like” 无进行时用法，因 “看起来像” 是静态描述）、D 选项 “will look like”（一般将来时）均不符合语法与语义，故选 B。
答案：B
解析：句中 “than”（比）表明句子存在比较关系，形容词需用比较级形式。“small”（小的）的比较级是 “smaller”，符合 “Mars is smaller than Earth”（火星比地球小）的语义。A 选项 “small”（原级，无比较含义）、C 选项 “smallest”（最高级，缺少定冠词 “the”，且无三者及以上比较的语境）、D 选项 “the smallest”（最高级，不符合 “两者比较” 的语境）均错误，故选 B。
答案：A
解析：根据答语 “Mercury”（水星），可知问句是在询问 “哪个行星离太阳最近”，需用疑问词 “which”（哪个，用于在特定范围内选择）。B 选项 “what”（什么，不用于特定范围的选择）、C 选项 “how”（如何，用于询问方式）、D 选项 “where”（哪里，用于询问地点）均与 “选择特定行星” 的语境不符，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：时间状语 “next month”（下个月）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“there be” 句型的一般将来时结构为 “there will be” 或 “there is/are going to be”。主语 “a new art exhibition”（一场新的艺术展览）是单数，若用 “there is going to be” 也可，但选项中仅 “will be” 符合，A 选项 “is”（一般现在时）、B 选项 “was”（一般过去时）、D 选项 “are”（一般现在时，主语为复数时用）均不符合时态要求，故选 C。
答案：D
解析：句中 “when her mother came back home yesterday evening”（昨天晚上她妈妈回家的时候）是过去的时间点，主句动作 “draw”（画画）在此时点正在进行，需用过去进行时 “was/were + 现在分词”。主语 “she” 是第三人称单数，故用 “was drawing”。A 选项 “draws”（一般现在时）、B 选项 “drew”（一般过去时，表动作已完成，不表 “正在进行”）、C 选项 “is drawing”（现在进行时，时态与 “yesterday evening” 不符）均错误，故选 D。
答案：C
解析：本题考查固定搭配 “advise sb. to do sth.”（建议某人做某事），空缺处需用动词不定式 “to read”。A 选项 “read”（动词原形，不符合 “advise sb. + 不定式” 的搭配）、B 选项 “reading”（动名词 / 现在分词，“advise” 后接动名词需用 “advise doing sth.”，不接 “sb. + 动名词”）、D 选项 “reads”（第三人称单数形式，不符合搭配）均错误，故选 C。
答案：A
解析：本题考查感叹句结构。“delicious”（美味的）是形容词，修饰形容词需用 “how”，符合 “how + 形容词 + 主谓”（the food in this restaurant is）的结构，无需加冠词。B 选项 “what”（用于修饰名词）、C 选项 “what a”（用于修饰可数名词单数）、D 选项 “how a”（错误搭配，“how” 后不接冠词）均不符合语法，故选 A。
答案：A
解析：句子已有谓语动词 “is”，空缺处需用介词 “with”（带有）构成介词短语 “with life” 作后置定语，修饰 “planet”（行星），表 “有生命的行星”。B 选项 “has”（动词，“有”，若用 “has” 则句子出现 “is” 和 “has” 两个谓语，语法错误）、C 选项 “have”（动词原形，同理错误）、D 选项 “having”（现在分词，表主动或进行，不符合 “带有生命” 的语义）均错误，故选 A。
二、句型转换
答案：Why did
解析：原句划线部分 “because she had no friends”（因为她没有朋友）是原因状语，对原因提问需用疑问词 “why”（为什么）。原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “felt”（feel 的过去式）是实义动词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “did”，且 “felt” 需恢复为原形 “feel”，故答案为 “Why did”。
答案：won’t visit
解析：原句时态为一般将来时，结构为 “will + 动词原形”（“will visit” 表示 “将参观”），变否定句需在 “will” 后加 “not”，缩写为 “won’t”，谓语动词 “visit” 保持原形，故答案为 “won’t visit”。
答案：What a
解析：原句 “The landscape is very beautiful”（这片景观非常美丽）变感叹句，中心词 “landscape”（景观）是可数名词单数，且 “beautiful”（美丽的）是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用 “what a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主谓” 的结构，故答案为 “What a”。
答案：Where is
解析：原句划线部分 “in the center of Beijing”（在北京的中心）是地点状语，对地点提问需用疑问词 “where”（哪里）。原句时态为一般现在时，谓语动词 “is” 是 be 动词，变疑问句需将 “is” 提前至主语 “the Palace Museum” 前，故答案为 “Where is”。
答案：Why does
解析：原句划线部分 “to relax”（为了放松）是目的状语，对目的提问需用疑问词 “why”（为什么）。原句时态为一般现在时，主语 “he” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “listens”（listen 的第三人称单数形式）是实义动词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “does”，且 “listens” 需恢复为原形 “listen”，故答案为 “Why does”。
答案：will plant / are going to plant
解析：原句时态为一般现在时（“plant trees every spring” 表示 “每年春天种树”），时间状语改为 “next spring”（明年春天）后，句子时态变为一般将来时，可表达为 “will + 动词原形” 或 “be going to + 动词原形”。主语 “we” 是复数，若用 “be going to” 结构，“be” 需用 “are”，“plant”（种植）保持原形，故答案为 “will plant /are going to plant”。
答案：How happily
解析：原句 “The girl is dancing happily”（这个女孩正开心地跳舞）变感叹句，中心词 “happily”（开心地）是副词，修饰副词需用 “how”，符合 “how + 副词 + 主谓”（the girl is dancing）的结构，故答案为 “How happily”。
答案：finished; and
解析：原句 “Tom finished his homework. He watched TV”（汤姆完成了作业。他看了电视）两个分句均为一般过去时，且表并列关系（“完成作业” 和 “看电视” 是先后发生的两个动作），需用连词 “and” 连接，两个谓语动词 “finished” 和 “watched” 均保持过去式，故答案为 “finished; and”。
答案：What does
解析：原句划线部分 “light and warmth”（光和热）是宾语（“gives us light and warmth” 表示 “给我们提供光和热”），对事物提问需用疑问词 “what”（什么）。原句时态为一般现在时，主语 “the Sun” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “gives”（give 的第三人称单数形式）是实义动词，变疑问句需借助助动词 “does”，且 “gives” 需恢复为原形 “give”，故答案为 “What does”。
答案：Does; walk
解析：原句时态为一般现在时（“walks to school” 表示 “步行去上学”），主语 “he” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “walks”（walk 的第三人称单数形式）是实义动词，变一般疑问句需借助助动词 “does”，且 “walks” 需恢复为原形 “walk”，故答案为 “Does; walk”。
答案：What an
解析：原句 “This is an amazing place”（这是一个令人惊叹的地方）变感叹句，中心词 “place”（地方）是可数名词单数，且 “amazing”（令人惊叹的）是以元音音素开头的单词，需用 “what an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主谓” 的结构，故答案为 “What an”。
答案：What are; do
解析：原句划线部分 “have a picnic”（去野餐）是谓语动作（“are going to have a picnic” 表示 “将要去野餐”），对动作提问需用疑问词 “what”（什么），并补充实义动词 “do”（做）。原句时态为一般将来时（“be going to” 结构），主语 “they” 是复数，“be” 需用 “are”，并提前至主语前，故答案为 “What are; do”。
答案：wants to be
解析：原句 “She likes reading. She wants to be a writer”（她喜欢阅读。她想成为一名作家）两个分句表因果关系（“喜欢阅读” 是 “想成为作家” 的原因），用 “so”（所以）连接后，后半句主语仍为 “she”（第三人称单数），时态为一般现在时，“want to be”（想成为）中 “want” 需用第三人称单数形式 “wants”，故答案为 “wants to be”。
答案：doesn’t have to
解析：原句 “has to”（不得不，表客观需要）变否定句，时态为一般现在时，主语 “he” 是第三人称单数，需借助助动词 “does”，后加 “not”（缩写为 “doesn’t”），“has to” 需恢复为 “have to”，故答案为 “doesn’t have to”。
答案：What bad
解析：原句 “The weather is bad today”（今天天气不好）变感叹句，中心词 “weather”（天气）是不可数名词，需用 “what + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主谓” 的结构，“bad”（坏的）修饰 “weather”，故答案为 “What bad”。
三、根据句意填空
答案：upset
解析：根据答语 “Yes. They don’t allow me to play basketball after school”（是的，他们不允许我放学后打篮球），可知问句是在询问 “为什么看起来沮丧”，“upset”（沮丧的，形容词）符合 “look + 形容词” 的系表结构，且与 “不被允许打篮球” 的语境相符，故填 “upset”。
答案：visited
解析：时间状语 “last summer”（去年夏天）表明句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “visit”（参观）需用过去式 “visited”，且 “visit the Taj Mahal”（参观泰姬陵）符合 “去年夏天发生的动作” 的语义，故填 “visited”。
答案：What an
解析：句中 “interesting trip”（有趣的旅行）是可数名词单数，且 “interesting”（有趣的）是以元音音素开头的单词，感叹句需用 “what an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数” 的结构（省略了主谓 “it was”），符合 “感叹旅行有趣” 的语境，故填 “What an”。
答案：both
解析：根据后句 “They often take me to visit different cities”（他们经常带我去参观不同的城市），可知 “my parents”（我的父母）两人都喜欢旅行，“both”（两者都，代词）用于指代 “父母两人”，符合 “both + 复数主语” 的用法，故填 “both”。
答案：don’t need
解析：根据后句 “Your old one is still good”（你的旧包还很好），可知前句表达 “不需要买新包”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语 “you” 是第二人称，“need”（需要，实义动词）变否定句需借助助动词 “don’t”，“need” 保持原形，故填 “don’t need”。
答案：What
解析：句中 “useful advice”（有用的建议）是不可数名词短语（“advice” 为不可数名词），感叹句需用 “what + 形容词 + 不可数名词” 的结构（省略了主谓 “he gave us”），符合 “感叹建议有用” 的语境，故填 “What”。
答案：will have / are going to have
解析：时间状语 “this afternoon”（今天下午）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“have a science class”（上科学课）是谓语动作，一般将来时可表达为 “will + 动词原形” 或 “be going to + 动词原形”。主语 “the students” 是复数，若用 “be going to” 结构，“be” 需用 “are”，故填 “will have /are going to have”。
答案：to connect
解析：“built this bridge”（建这座桥）的目的是 “连接两个村庄”，空缺处需用动词不定式 “to connect”（连接）表目的，符合 “动词不定式作目的状语” 的语法功能，故填 “to connect”。
答案：rained
解析：时间状语 “yesterday”（昨天）表明句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词 “rain”（下雨）需用过去式 “rained”，且 “though it rained heavily”（尽管雨下得很大）符合 “转折关系” 的语境（后半句 “we still went to the museum” 表示 “我们还是去了博物馆”），故填 “rained”。
答案：will be / is going to be
解析：时间状语 “tomorrow”（明天）表明句子时态为一般将来时，“there be” 句型表 “存在有”，一般将来时结构为 “there will be” 或 “there is/are going to be”。主语 “a football match”（一场足球比赛）是单数，若用 “there is going to be” 结构，“be” 需用 “is”，故填 “will be /is going to be”。
四、翻译句子
答案：Last year, I signed up for a painting club, and now I can draw many beautiful pictures.
解析：“去年” 译为 “last year”，作时间状语，对应句子前半部分 “报名参加绘画俱乐部” 的动作，时态为一般过去时，“报名参加” 用 “signed up for”，“绘画俱乐部” 译为 “a painting club”；“现在” 译为 “now”，对应句子后半部分 “能画出很多美丽的画” 的状态，时态为一般现在时，“能画出” 用 “can draw”（“can” 后接动词原形），“很多美丽的画” 译为 “many beautiful pictures”；两部分用 “and” 连接表并列，符合中英文语义对应与语法规则。
答案：To make better use of time, we should make a detailed plan.
解析：“为了更好地利用时间” 表目的，译为 “To make better use of time”；“我们应该” 译为 “we should”（“should” 后接动词原形，表建议），“制定” 用 “make”，“一个详细的计划” 译为 “a detailed plan”，整体符合 “目的 + 建议” 的语义逻辑与英文表达习惯。
答案：The Sun is the largest and brightest object in the solar system and gives us light and warmth.
解析：该句为客观事实，时态为一般现在时。“太阳” 译为 “The Sun”（专有名词，首字母大写），“太阳系中最大、最亮的天体” 译为 “the largest and brightest object in the solar system”（形容词最高级 “largest and brightest” 修饰 “object”，加定冠词 “the”，“in the solar system” 作后置定语表范围），“给我们提供光和热” 译为 “gives us light and warmth”（主语 “The Sun” 是第三人称单数，谓语动词 “gives” 用单数形式）。
答案：Although Mars and Earth have many differences, they both have water.
解析：“虽然” 译为 “although”（引导让步状语从句，英文中 “although” 不与 “but” 连用，符合语法规则），“火星和地球” 译为 “Mars and Earth”（专有名词，首字母大写），“有很多不同” 译为 “have many differences”；“它们都” 译为 “they both”（“both” 指代 “Mars and Earth”，表两者都），“有水” 译为 “have water”；整体符合 “让步关系” 的语义（“尽管有不同，但都有水”）。
答案：I was doing my homework last night when my good friend called me.
解析：“当…… 时” 用 “when” 引导时间状语从句，“昨天晚上” 译为 “last night”，对应 “过去时间” 的语境；主句 “我正在写作业” 表 “过去某一时间点正在进行的动作”，用过去进行时 “was doing my homework”（主语 “I” 后接 “was”）；从句 “我的好朋友给我打电话了” 表 “过去某一时间点发生的短暂动作”，用一般过去时 “called me”（“call” 的过去式）；符合 “过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时” 的语法结构，准确表达 “写作业时电话响起” 的动作时间关系。
