2026年中考英语专题复习讲义通用版——动词的时态（含答案）

中考英语专题复习讲义——动词的时态
真题回顾
1.(2024·北京)A lot of people in China ______ by high - speed train every year.
A. travel
B. traveled
C. will travel
D. have traveled
2.(2024·四川成都)The astronauts of the Shenzhou - 18 ______ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year.
A. will work B. have worked C. is working
3.(2024·四川自贡)—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming.
—Yes. It ______ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year.
A. was held B. is held C. will be held
4.(2024·江苏无锡)Do you mind turning down the music I ______ (attend) an online meeting now.
5.(2024·福建)When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ______ an old man cross the road.
A. helps B. was helping C. will help
6.(2024·江苏苏州)By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon ______ (become) fashionable there.
上述考题共涉及几种时态？分别是什么？你能写出来吗？
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答案揭秘
上述考题涉及六种时态，包括三个“一般”时态——一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时；两个“进行”时态——现在进行时与过去进行时；一个“完成”时态——现在完成时。它们分别对应第1、6、3、4、5、2题。
那么，如何正确使用各种时态呢？让我们一起来剖析各种时态的用法吧。
在各地中考英语中，动词的时态是重要考查点。中考常考的时态有哪些呢？如何正确使用各种时态呢？今天，我们就来一起探究六大常见时态的用法。
六大时态简析
一、三个 “一般” 时态
1. 一般现在时
它表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示经常性、习惯性动作，还可表示客观事实和普遍真理。一般现在时的构成包括两种形式：be 动词原形（am / is / are），实义动词原形或第三人称单数形式（do / does）。
例句:My best friend Larry is more hardworking than me.
My sister usually gets up at six o'clock.
My dad told me that practice makes perfect.
If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
你能列举一般现在时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
一般现在时的常见标志词汇包括频度副词和频度副词短语，如 always、usually、often、sometimes、never、hardly ever、nowadays、every+时间名词、three times a week 等。
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若主句和从句都描述将来的情况，从句用一般现在时表示将来。如 when 和 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，if 和 unless 引导的条件状语从句。
2. 一般过去时
它表示过去某个时间或某段时间发生的动作或存在的状态，它也可以表示过去经常或者反复发生的动作。其构成同样包括两种形式：be 动词过去式（was / were），实义动词过去式（did）。
例句:My sister finished high school two weeks ago.
How was your school trip yesterday
I went to the zoo with my parents last year.
Linda used to be afraid of speaking in front of the crowds.
你能列举一般过去时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
一般过去时的常见标志词汇包括表示过去的名词和短语，如 yesterday、in the past、three years ago、last Friday、in 2004 等。
3. 一般将来时
它表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态，其常见构成形式为：will+实义动词原形（do）。
例句:In the future, cities will be more crowded.
There will be an English exam next week.
If we ask people to bring food, they will just bring potato chips and chocolate.
When he grows up, he will work as a teacher.
你能列举一般将来时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
一般将来时的常见标志词汇包括表示将来的名词和短语，如 tomorrow、in the future、next week、in+时间段、soon 等。
上页提到，在部分时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，从句使用一般现在时。相对应的，主句需要使用一般将来时。
二、两个“进行”时态
1. 现在进行时
它表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或者发生的动作，以及当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的构成是：be动词原形（am / is / are）+实义动词现在分词（doing）。
例句:Listen!Tom is playing the piano in the next room.
Be quiet, please!The baby is sleeping.
We have to stay at home because it is raining heavily now.
I am studying for my math test these days.
你能列举现在进行时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
现在进行时的常见标志词汇包括描述此刻场景的 “Look!”“Listen!”,以及描述此时此刻的名词和短语，如now、at this moment、these days等。
2. 过去进行时
它表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时的构成是：be动词过去式（was / were）+实义动词现在分词（doing）。
例句:I didn't answer your phone because I was taking a shower at that time.
What were you doing when the rainstorm came
Ben's father was washing the car while his mom was making dinner.
你能列举过去进行时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
过去进行时的常见标志词汇包括时间名词和短语，如at that time、at 7:30 yesterday。
此外，when和while引导时间状语从句时，均可描述主句和从句两个动作同时发生或相继发生，主句常用过去进行时，while引导的从句也常用过去进行时。
三、一个 “完成” 时态
现在完成时
它表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示过去某一段时间开始并持续到现在（包括 “现在” 在内）的动作或状态。现在完成时的构成是：have / has+实义动词过去分词（done）。
例句:I have already finished reading the book.
Have you visited the island before
Peter has had the toy train for ten years.
Jim has worked in Shanghai since he came to China.
你能列举现在完成时的常见标志词汇吗？试着写一写吧。
答案揭秘
现在完成时按照用法的不同，有两种时间标志词汇。第一种用于描述过去的经历对现在的影响，时间标志词汇有already、yet、ever、never、before、so far、recently等。第二种用于描述某动作从过去持续到现在，时间标志词汇有for+时间段、since+时间点。
（一）、找时间标志词汇
时态的用法与时间密切相关，因此，我们在做与时态有关的题时，要先圈出题干中的时间标志词汇，再由时间标志词汇来确定对应的时态。
真题解析
1.(2024·四川凉山)—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024
—Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays.
A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated
2.（2024·四川成都）What exciting news! The 2025 World Games ______ in Chengdu.
A. was held B. is held C. will be held
3.（2024·四川德阳）In 2003, Mi ______ (lose) his hands in an accident.
4.(2024·四川内江)Drinking tea first ______ (become) popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
5.(2024·四川凉山)On April 26, three astronauts from Shenzhou-18 ______ (succeed) in entering the space station and met the astronauts in Shenzhou-17.
6.(·四川绵阳)He answered, “I have no time to think about the flood. I ______ (play) computer games now.”
点拨：每题都有时间标志词汇，分别为nowadays、2025、in 2003、in the Tang and Song Dynasties、on April 26、now。故第1题用一般现在时、第2题用一般将来时、第3至5题用一般过去时、第6题用现在进行时。
答案:1. A 2. C 3. lost 4. became 5. succeeded 6. was helping
（二）、结合语境推测时态
当题干没有明确的时间标志词汇时，我们就要结合上下文语境去理解句意，确定句子使用的时态。
真题解析
7. (2024·四川宜宾) On the 12306 phone app, if a train has a quiet car, you ______ (find) a "quiet" sign.
8. (2024·四川自贡) My teacher told us that May 18th ______ the Interna-tional Museum Day.
A. is B. was C. be
9. (2024·北京) —Amy, you didn't answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing
—Sorry. I didn't hear the ring. I ______ a book in my study.
A. am reading B. have read C. was reading D. will read
10. (2024·浙江) At bedtime, while his mother ______ (tell) him a story, Martin couldn't help asking, "Who can see the sun now "
点拨：第7题含有if引导的条件状语从句，其假设的条件谈论的是将来的情况，设空部分为主句，故用一般将来时。
第8题，"5月18日为世界博物馆日"这句话属于客观事实，故用一般现在时。
第9题，设空部分前一句 "I didn't hear the ring" 意为 "我当时没听到电话铃声"，说明那个时候 "我" 正在做其他事情，故设空部分用过去进行时。
第10题，设空部分后文讲述的是过去的情境，而设空部分有while，它表示 "当……时候"，讲述过去某一时刻正在发生的情况，故用过去进行时。
答案:7. will find 8. A 9. C 10. was telling
预见中考
1. Walking in the old town, I wonder what life ______ (be) like here 200 years ago.
2. —How can I make my dream come true, mom
—Well, I believe you ______ your dream some day if you keep working hard.
A. achieved B. achieve C. will achieve
3. I have learned that everyone will make great progress if he ______ (work) hard.
4. —Why didn't you go to Linda's party last Sunday afternoon
—Well, I ______ for a test at that time.
A. studied B. was studying C.am studying
5. So far the Zigong lantern festival ______ (reach) many places in China and more than eighty countries around the world.
6. —There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these days.
—The government has made a great effort on it. I'm sure this problem ______ one day in the future.
A. was solved B. solves C. will be solved
7. Look! Some boys ______ (play) basketball on the playground. How happy they are!
8. —What do you think of the movie Ne Zha
—I love it. It's so wonderful that I ______ it twice so far.
A. saw B. see C. have seen
9. —Jack, can you help me with this math problem
—Wait a minute. I ______ my homework now.
A. do B. am doing C. will do
10. It mainly ______ (produce) six kinds of tea—green tea, black tea, Oolong tea, dark tea, white tea, and reprocessed tea.
参考答案
1. was 2. C 3. works 4. B 5. has reached
6. C 7. are playing 8. C 9. B 10. produces