(共26张PPT)
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
Understanding ideas (grammar)
（新教材外研版）八年级
上
01
Learning objectives
02
Lead in
03
Review
04
Understanding
05
Application
06
Innovation
（外研版版）八年级
上
07
Summary
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Homework
01
Learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, I will be able to...
1
学生能掌握 “过去进行时 + when/while 引导的时间状语从句” 的语法结构；理解并运用 “erupt, spread, cover” 等与灾害相关的词汇。
2
能正确完成句子 / 语篇的动词形式填空；能运用目标句型和词汇描述自然灾害场景。
3
通过总结、练习，掌握 “过去进行时 + 时间状语从句” 的用法；能模仿示例完成简单的灾害故事写作。
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Lead in
03
Review
Activity 5 Read and find
(a) That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard.
(b) We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.
The form of past continuous:
was /were doing
The meaning of past continuous:
To talk about ongoing past actions.
04
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1. My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii.
2. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking.
3. All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting.
4. People were trying to find their families in the dark.
Understanding
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
过去进行时
含义：表示 “过去某一特定时间正在发生的动作” 或 “过去一段时间内持续进行的动作” 的时态。
1. 过去某一具体时刻 / 时间点正在发生的动作。
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
标志词：at 8 last night（昨晚 8 点）、this time yesterday（昨天这个时候）、when/while 引导的时间点等。
例句：
He was reading a novel at 9 o'clock last evening.（昨晚 9 点他正在看小说。）
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
2. 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作（可能未完成）
标志词：from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon（昨天下午 3 到 5 点）、all night（一整晚）、during the summer holiday last year（去年暑假期间）等。
例句：
They were building a bridge during those months.（那些日子里他们一直在建一座桥。）
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
一、基本结构表
句式类型 核心格式 例句（中英文对照）
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing He was preparing for the exam.（他当时正在准备考试。）They were walking in the park.（他们当时正在公园散步。）
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing She wasn't watching the movie.（她当时没在看电影。）
We weren't late for the meeting.（我们当时没迟到。）
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing？ — Were you listening to music （你当时在听音乐吗？）
— Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.（是 / 不是。）
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing？ What was he doing at that time （他当时在做什么？）
Where were they traveling （他们当时在去哪里旅行？）
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
二、动词 - ing 变化规则表
规则类型 具体要求 示例（动词 → 动词 - ing）
一般情况 直接在动词末尾加 -ing read → reading（读）、play → playing（玩）、study → studying（学习）
以不发音的 e 结尾 去掉末尾不发音的 e，再加 -ing write → writing（写）、take → taking（拿）、have → having（有）
重读闭音节结尾 满足 “辅 + 元 + 辅” 结构、重读在最后一个音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母 → 双写末尾辅音 + ing run → running（跑）、stop → stopping（停）、begin → beginning（开始）
以 ie 结尾 变 ie 为 y，再加 -ing lie（躺 / 说谎）→ lying、die（死）→ dying、tie（系）→ tying
以 y 结尾（元音 / 辅音后） 直接加 -ing（无需变 y 为 i） carry → carrying（携带）、enjoy → enjoying（享受）、play → playing（玩）
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
when 的用法（重点：连接 “时间点”，灵活适配）
句型结构 例句（中英文对照）
主句（过去进行时）+ when + 从句（一般过去时）（持续动作被短暂动作打断） We were having dinner when the doorbell rang.
（我们正在吃晚饭，这时门铃响了。）
She was reading a book when her phone suddenly rang.（她正在看书，突然手机响了。）
主句（一般过去时）+ when + 从句（过去进行时）（短暂动作发生时，另一个动作正在持续） I met Tom when he was walking in the park.
（我在汤姆逛公园的时候碰到了他。）
The rain started when we were playing football.
（我们正在踢足球时，下雨了。）
04
The past continuous tense
Understanding
while 的用法（重点：连接 “时间段”，强调 “同时进行”）
句型结构 例句（中英文对照）
while + 从句（过去进行时）+ 主句（过去进行时）（两个持续动作同时进行） While my mom was cooking in the kitchen, my dad was watching TV in the living room.
（妈妈在厨房做饭时，爸爸在客厅看电视。）While they were studying for the exam, I was preparing snacks.
（他们在备考时，我在准备零食。）
while + 从句（过去进行时）+ 主句（一般过去时）（持续动作期间，短暂动作发生） While she was talking on the phone, the baby cried.（她正在打电话时，宝宝哭了。）
While we were waiting for the bus, a car accident happened.（我们正在等公交车时，一场车祸发生了。）
05
Application
Activity 6
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 People _________________ (sleep) when the volcano erupted.
2 While they ______________ (walk) along the river, a great storm broke out.
3 While the hurricane ____________ (blow) heavily, airlines could not fly in the area.
4 The fire ______________ (spread) quickly and _____________ (cover) the building when I heard a voice.
were sleeping
were walking
were blowing
were spreading
covering
05
Application
At first, it was just another normal weekday. I ____________ (wait) at the railway station when I ______________ (hear) a notice: there was a heavy rainstorm, so all train services were stopped.
was waiting
Activity 7
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
heard
05
Application
While others ____________ (call) their families or searching for news reports, I got more and more worried. I had a long journey to make. As time went by, people _________ (become) louder and angrier. Just then, a lovely piece of music _________ (start).
were calling
Activity 7
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
became
started
05
Application
The music of “Me and My Motherland” __________ (stop) all the noise. Many travellers ______________ (sing) along with the music. One woman started to cry while she __________________ (listen). That wonderful music was from a student orchestra. It lifted our spirits and gave us hope.
stopped
Activity 7
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
were singing
was listening
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Innovation
Activity 8 Tell a story about a natural disaster.
Group work: Decide on one disaster and tell a story about it.Use the words and expressions from the passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
tornado
wirefire
mudslide
wirefire
volcanic
eruption
earthquake
06
For example
Innovation
A forest fire happened in Australia in 2019. It was a terrible fire. The animals were trying to get away while the trees were burning. But they were too slow. Firefighters and volunteers helped them. When the fire was spreading, they worked hard to save the animals. Some people put the animals in their homes. Some people took the animals to hospitals. After the fire, people took them to a safe part of the forest.
06
Language Points
1.While they were walking along the river, a great storm broke out.当他们正沿着河边走的时候，一场大暴雨爆发了。
含义：（战争、火灾、暴雨等灾难）突然发生；
用法：常与过去进行时搭配，描述 “持续动作期间，灾难突然爆发”。例句：
When the earthquake broke out, we were having class in the classroom.
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Language Points
2. That night, while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.（那天晚上，云层像洪水一样在陆地上蔓延开来。）。
含义：spread over蔓延；覆盖在…… 之上
用法：“spread over + 地点” 表示 “蔓延到 / 覆盖在某地点”；常用进行时态描述持续的蔓延过程。例句：
The thick fog is spreading over the whole city, so we have to drive slowly.
（浓雾正蔓延整个城市，所以我们得慢慢开车。）
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Language Points
3.It lifted our spirits and gave us hope.
（它振奋了我们的精神，给了我们希望。）
含义：lift one's spirits 使某人精神振奋；鼓舞某人
用法：“lift + 某人的 + spirits”，主语通常是令人愉悦的事物（如音乐、好消息等）。例句：
The teacher's encouraging words lifted the students' spirits before the exam.
（考试前，老师鼓励的话语振奋了学生们的精神。）
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Summary
重点词汇：
volcano, hurricane, spread, erupt, cover
核心句型：
主语 + was/were doing + when + 主语 + 一般过去时动词（突发动作）
While + 主语 + was/were doing, 主语 + 一般过去时动词
语法：
过去进行时与一般过去时在时间状语从句中的搭配（持续动作 vs 短暂动作）
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Assessment
Self-assessment
I can acquire expressions related to team activities through watching and listening activities.
I can share experiences of team activities in real - life contexts.
I can understand and recognize the importance of collaborative cooperation in team activities.
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Homework
Basic (基础)
完成 Exercise 8 的灾害故事写作（至少 5 句话，包含 2 个 “过去进行时 + when/while” 句型）。
Improving(提升)
整理本节课的重点词汇、句型，用英文造句（每个句型造 1 个句子）。
Extend (拓展)
阅读一篇关于自然灾害的短文，划出文中 “过去进行时 + 时间状语从句” 的句子。
