英语 选择性必修 第二册 WY
Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar & Integrated skills
Grammar (过去进行时的被动语态)
①Another bridge was being built over the Yangtze River then.
②Mr Smith had to go to work by bus this morning as his car was being repaired.
③Was Mr Smith being interviewed by the journalist from BBC
④What was being done in the library when you did some reading
(1)①②句的谓语动词的时态和语态是过去进行时的______________。
(2)③句为过去进行时的被动语态的________。
(3)④句为过去进行时的被动语态的________。
答案：(1)被动语态 (2)一般疑问句 (3)特殊疑问句
一、过去进行时的被动语态的概念
表示在过去某个时间点正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作，主语是动作的承受者。
They were planting trees at this time yesterday. (过去进行时的主动语态)
＝Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(过去进行时的被动语态)
昨天这个时候他们正在种树。
二、过去进行时的被动语态的构成
过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were＋being＋过去分词。具体还可以分成肯定式、否定式、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。
1．过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式：was/were＋being＋done。
Computer was being majored by him during his college.
他在大学里主修计算机专业。
2．过去进行时的被动语态的否定式：was/were＋not＋being＋done。
It was the one thing that wasn't being done well by anyone else out there.
这是迄今为止还没有人能做好的一件事。
3．过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋done？(回答用yes或no)
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？
4．过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were＋(主语)＋being＋done
How was the story being told to Peter
这个故事当时是怎么告诉彼得的？
What was being done to the machine
对这台机器采取了什么措施？
三、过去进行时的被动语态的用法
1．过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内动作正在被进行。常用的时间状语有at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, the whole morning, all day yesterday, when, while, as等，或用另一动作来表示过去的时间。
The bridge was being built this time last month. Now we can cross it.
上个月的这个时候正在建桥。现在我们可以过桥了。
The man took out his iPad and saw the latest films while his car was being washed.
洗车的时候，那个男人拿出iPad看最新的电影。
2．在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时的被动语态。
The house was being cleaned while the dinner was being cooked.
做晚饭的时候，正在打扫房子。
3．过去进行时(及其被动语态)常和always, frequently等表示频率的副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。
Alice was always changing her mind.
爱丽丝总是在改变主意。
4．在told, said, knew, heard等动词后的宾语从句中，从句的动作表示正在被进行。
I was told that my father was being interviewed by the reporter from Chongqing Evening.
我被告知我的父亲正在被《重庆晚报》的记者采访。
单句语法填空
①The naughty boy ________ (blame) for breaking the window on purpose when his mother phoned the teacher.
②The paint ________ (clean) when the accident happened.
③She discovered that she ________ closely ________ (watch)．
④He gave me a hint that I ________ (cheat)．
答案：①was being blamed ②was being cleaned
③was being; watched ④was being cheated
四、过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个动作已经发生了。
Electricity lines to 30，000 homes were gradually being restored yesterday.(昨天某个点这个动作正在被发生)
昨天通向3万户人家的电线被逐步修复。
Some broken computers were repaired last night.
昨晚一些坏的电脑已经修理好了。
单句语法填空
①You've failed to do what you ________ (expect) to and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you.
②It seemed to be getting windy; the leaves ________ (blow) about.
③—Why are you still here Everybody has gone to attend the lecture by the professor.
—Oh, I ________ (not inform) about it!
④I discovered that I had been excepted from the list of those who ________ (send) to Italy.
答案：①were expected ②were being blown
③wasn't informed ④were being sent
Vocabulary
emphasise v. 强调(教材P38)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I'd just like to emphasise how important it is for people to learn foreign language.
我只是想强调学习外语是多么重要。
②They put/lay/place emphasis on quality rather than quantity.
他们重视质量而不是数量。
③“I might have known it！” Miss Burnett said with emphasis.
“我早该料到了！”伯内特小姐加重语气说。
(1)单句语法填空
①Material advance and spiritual enrichment should both ________ (emphasise) equally.
②“She's a liar，” he repeated ________ emphasis.
答案：①be emphasised ②with
(2)单句表达
大学应该注重培养学生的专业技能。
Universities should ____________ students' professional skills.
答案：put/lay/place emphasis on developing
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．In yesterday's meeting, the experts ________ (强调) the role of fathers in family education.
答案：emphasised
2．After ________ (重建), the old city has changed beyond recognition.
答案：reconstruction
3．All of that laid a ________ (坚实的) foundation for our better development in the future.
答案：solid
4．These words still ring true today in my role as a j________．
答案：journalist
5．The country is experiencing slow but steady e________ growth.
答案：economic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When I got to his house, I found that the walls ________ (paint)．
答案：were being painted
2．The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they ________ (trap) in the snowstorm.
答案：were being trapped
3．The workers who were late this morning ________ (scold) by the boss when I passed by the office.
答案：were being scolded
4．Though there is no one in the hall, he stands on the stage as if he ________ (watch) and expected to deliver a speech.
答案：were being watched
5．I ________ (treat) for teeth in the dental clinic when you phoned this morning.
答案：was being treated
6．He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ________ (follow)．
答案：was being followed
7．Unluckily, my classmates and I went to the nearby library to read books last Sunday, only to be told that it ________ (decorate)．
答案：was being decorated
8．No self respecting ________ (journal) would ever work for that newspaper.
答案：journalist
9．The city will tear ________ the building and create a park.
答案：down
10．They will also force schools to put more emphasis ________ teaching basic subjects.
答案：on
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．当我去看他时，他正在接受医生的检查。
When I went to pay him a visit, he __________________ by a doctor.
答案：was being examined
2．——他们刷完新房了吗？
——不知道，但是上周我见到他们时，他们告诉我正在刷。
—Have they got their new house painted yet
—I don't know. But I was told it ____________ when I met them last week.
答案：was being painted
3．当体育馆正在施工时，两名建筑工人受了重伤。
Two building workers got seriously wounded when the stadium ______________．
答案：was being built
4．当她意识到被拦截时，她中断了无线电联系。
She broke radio contact when she realized she ________________．
答案：was being intercepted
5．中国经济已深度融入全球经济。
The Chinese economy has become deeply integrated into ______________________．
答案：the global economy
6．该协议将为两国间的持久和平铺平道路。
This agreement will ________________________ a lasting peace between the two countries.
答案：pave the way for
7．上周的周一到周五，我们一直在植树。
The trees ________________ from Monday to Friday last week by us.
答案：were being planted
8．我们在改革开放中还有许多困难要克服。
We still have many difficulties to overcome in our ________________．
答案：reform and opening up
9．“一带一路”倡议是促进共同发展、实现共同繁荣的合作共赢之路。
____________________________ is a way for win win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity.
答案：The Belt and Road Initiative
10．这本书将为学习英语习语打开新天地。
This book will ____________________ in the study of English idioms.
答案：break new ground
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
A local grocery store here has been remodelled and not a single one of the changes is good for those of us who shop there. The grocery aisles (通道) have been rearranged with some going in one direction and others going in another. The aisles have been pushed closer together, making it harder to get through them. It seems like all of these changes have been for the purpose of slowing the shoppers down so they will make more impulse (冲动) buys. As I walked through the store today, no one was smiling and everyone was unhappy about it.
The change that bothered me the most, however, was in the check out aisles. Only a few cashiers were left working with huge sections changed into self scanning check outs. It saddened me to see this. I knew that people were probably going to lose their jobs because of this change. I got in a cashier aisle and patiently waited while I saw some other people struggling to figure out how the self scanning machines worked. I swore at that moment never to use one myself even if I had to wait longer every time I shopped there.
When I finally arrived at the front of the aisle, I saw the cashier was someone I knew. I greeted her with a smile. She smiled back with warmth and kindness that touched my soul. We chatted happily while she scanned and bagged up my groceries. I felt a friendship and a connection with her that warmed my heart. I wished her well before I left.
Machines can do a lot for us, but there are many things they can't do. They can't smile or love. Only we can do that. It is time that we should realize that profits aren't more important than people and that machines aren't more important than us. It is time that we should learn that loving each other and this world is what life is all about.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。为了获取更大的利润，商店改变了以往宽松的布局，减少收银员并增加了自动扫描收银台，这让作者很难过。作者认为商店里无人化的机器操作让生活缺少温暖和爱。
1．What may account for the store's changes
A．To make more profits.
B．To satisfy the shoppers.
C．To offer more products.
D．To make shopping easier.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句“It seems like ... more impulse (冲动) buys.”以及最后一段中的“It is time that we should realize that profits aren't more important than people”可推知，商家此举是为了获取更大的利润。故选A。
2．What's the result of the use of self scanning machines according to the author
A．It will attract more customers.
B．It has reduced the cashiers' burden.
C．It has brought shopper more convenience.
D．It will make many people unemployed.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I knew that people were probably going to lose their jobs because of this change.”可知，作者认为商店使用自助收银机会让很多人失业。故选D。
3．How did the author feel when he met the cashier
A．Calm. B．Glad.
C．Angry. D．Surprised.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者在有收银员的队伍排队结账，到结账时发现收银员是认识的人，因此他们微笑着打招呼，边结账边聊天，作者觉得很高兴。故选B。
4．What's the best title for the text
A．Machines or Us
B．Why Use Machines
C．Are Changes Necessary
D．How Does the World Change
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述作者认为商店里无人化的机器操作让生活缺少温暖和爱。作者在结账时对自助收银机的反感和与收银员的愉快交流形成了对比，并在最后一段进一步阐述机器的缺点。A项(机器还是我们？)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
B
For the last month, a married couple has been interacting with a robot called an Avatar—that's controlled by their daughter hundreds of miles away. Made by ANA Holdings Inc., it looks like a cleaner with an iPad attached. But the screen displays the daughter's face as they chat, and its wheels let her move slowly about the house as though she's really there.
“Virtual travel” is nothing new, of course. Storytellers, travel writers and artists have been stimulating (刺激) the sense of armchair tourists for centuries. It's only in recent decades that frequent, safe travel has become available to the non wealthy.
Yet even as the world's middle classes climb out of the armchair and into economy class seats, there are signs of a post travel society coming into being. Concerns about sustainability (可持续发展) are having a negative influence on carbon intensive airlines. And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to experience the world. For the travel industry, virtual (虚拟的) reality offers an attractive response to these trend.
Of course, far out__technologies__encourage__far out__claims. ANA doesn't plan to start selling Avatars until next year. Profits, too, will probably be difficult to achieve. According to one investigation, the global market for this kind of technology is worth only about $300 million. By contrast, ANA's traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.
But if the business case for virtual vacations is still weak, the market for technologies that bridge physical distances between families and co workers seems likely to only expand. ANA's robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they'll almost certainly be a part of travel's high tech future.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ANA公司目前正在致力于开发虚拟旅行技术，但是虚拟旅行的全球市场还很难预测，作者对此持乐观态度。
5．What is the purpose of mentioning “Avatar” in Paragraph 1
A．To display how people travel with the robot “Avatar”．
B．To introduce a new service offered by Japan's biggest airline.
C．To lead in the topic of virtual travel by providing a vivid scene.
D．To describe what the robot “Avatar” looks like and how it works.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。第一段描述了一对夫妇与一个由女儿在好几百英里之外操控的称作Avatar的机器人互动的情景，从而引出下文“Virtual travel”的话题。由此可推知，在第一段中提到“Avatar”是为了通过提供一个生动的场景来引入虚拟旅行的话题。故选C。
6．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that people's choice of virtual travel may be the result of ________．
A．the demand for safe travel
B．wealthy people's growing old
C．worries about low carbon airlines
D．the support of advanced technologies
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And the aging of ... response to these trend.”可知，富裕群体的老龄化不仅使人们身体力行的旅行减少了，也催生了人们对各种体验世界方式的需求。对旅游行业来说，虚拟现实为这些趋势提供了一个有吸引力的回应。由此可推知，人们选择虚拟旅行可能是富人变老的结果。故选B。
7．What does the writer mean by saying “far out technologies encourage far out claims”？
A．Traditional travel business is not profitable.
B．Global market for virtual travels is hard to predict.
C．The time is ripe for selling Avatars in term of technology.
D．Virtual travels will take the place of traditional ones very soon.
答案：B
解析：句意理解题。根据画线句下文内容可知，ANA到明年才计划开始销售Avatars。利润也可能难以实现。根据一项调查，这种技术的全球市场价值仅为3亿美元左右。相比之下，ANA的传统旅游业务去年带来了超过190亿美元的收入。由此可推知，画线句意为“虚拟旅行的全球市场很难预测”。故选B。
8．What's the writer's attitude to virtual technology
A．Uncertain. B．Cautious.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Optimistic.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ANA's robots may ... travel's high tech future.”可知，ANA的机器人可能不会很快取代它的飞机，但它们几乎肯定会成为旅游高科技未来的一部分。由此可推知，作者对虚拟技术持乐观态度。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
Why Human Translation Is Better
Than Machine
Will AI take the place of human translators __1__. In the following sections, we will explore four reasons why human translation will always be better than machine translation.
Machines cannot express feelings and emotions like humans.
Nowadays, soft skills like communication and relationship building are more important at work than technical skills. AI systems are indeed fast, rational, and accurate. __2__. In fact, these are the very skills that make us human. Humans can gain information from non verbal cues, while machines just can't.
__3__．
Only a human translator can match and reproduce the style and tone of the source document accurately. With a machine translation, the intended tone and intricate nuances of the original document often get lost. This results in a rather flat and soulless end result. Translating some texts, such as poems and argumentative essays, is challenging for machines. Robots are unable to convey the feeling of the text, resulting in a flat translation.
Machines can't keep up with language changes.
Machine translation software has to be constantly updated to keep up with these changes. Updating these programs is challenging because they are based on a sophisticated algorithmic system. Human translators, on the other hand, do not have to deal with such difficulties. As we all know, humans are much more adaptable. __4__．
Machines don't understand complex human cultures.
When it comes to cultural translations, some words may have a specific meaning in one culture but a completely different meaning in another. In fact, in some occasions, even human translators have difficulty achieving a perfect translation, let alone a machine translator.
__5__. It has come a long way in recent years, but it still has a long way to go. A professional human based translation service is still by far the best option for translating high quality content.
A．Style and tone may be beyond a machine's ability
B．A translation cannot be complete without the human touch
C．There's no denying the importance of machine translation
D．Simply put, there is no replacement for human translation
E．Nevertheless, they are not insightful, empathetic, or culturally sensitive
F．A machine translator can never match the intelligence of a human being
G．Hence they can keep up with language changes faster than any AI program
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人类翻译比人工智能翻译优越的四个理由。
1．答案：D
解析：根据设空前“Will AI take the place of human translators？(人工智能将会取代人类翻译吗？)”可知，D项(简而言之，人类的翻译无法被取代)回答了前文提出的问题。故选D。
2．答案：E
解析：根据设空前“AI systems are indeed fast, rational, and accurate.(人工智能的确快速、理性和准确。)”和设空后“In fact, these are the very skills that make us human.(事实上，这些技能为人类专有。)”可知，E项(然而，它们并不具备洞察力、共情能力或文化感知力)和前文形成转折关系，且与后文语义连贯，后文中的“these”指代E项中的“insightful, empathetic, or culturally sensitive”。故选E。
3．答案：A
解析：根据段落首句“Only a human translator ... the source document accurately.(只有人类翻译者能准确匹配和再现原文档的风格和语气。)”可知，A项(风格和语气或许超出了机器能力范围)总结该段内容，可以作为本段的小标题。故选A。
4．答案：G
解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主旨为机器跟不上语言的变化；根据设空前“As we all know, humans are much more adaptable.(众所周知，人类的适应能力强得多。)”可知，G项(因此他们能比任何一款人工智能程序更快地跟上语言的变化)符合本段主旨，并和前文构成因果关系。故选G。
5．答案：C
解析：根据设空后“It has come a long way in recent years, but it still has a long way to go.(近年来人工智能取得了长足的进步，但仍有很长的路要走。)”可知，C项(机器翻译的重要性毋庸置疑)引出后文，和后文构成解释关系。故选C。
Ⅲ 语法填空
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two－fold: __1__ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six __2__ (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, __3__ the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual __4__ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should __5__ (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform __6__ the world to better understand China, but also __7__ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in __8__ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and __9__ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard－working people, its development through __10__ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国设立语言日的目的及意义，说明了中文在促进国际交流与合作中的重要作用。
1．答案：to celebrate
解析：考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。
2．答案：tongues
解析：考查名词。tongue “语言”为可数名词，其被six修饰，应用复数。故填tongues。
3．答案：and
解析：考查连词。句意：语言是交流的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、 the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
4．答案：written
解析：考查词性转换。此空修饰名词forms，应用形容词作前置定语，written表示“书面的”。故填written。
5．答案：be treated
解析：考查动词的语态和情态动词。主语Every language与动词treat构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且位于情态动词should后，be动词用原形。故填be treated。
6．答案：for
解析：考查介词。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth for sb/sth。故填for。
7．答案：promotes
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处与provides并列作谓语，应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day。故填promotes。
8．答案：improving
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处应用动名词作介词in的宾语。故填improving。
9．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。the rest of ... “……的其余部分”，为固定短语。故填the。
10．答案：innovation
解析：考查词性转换。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处应用名词作介词through的宾语。故填innovation。
15(共57张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 3 Times change!
Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar & Integrated skills
课前自主预习
精讲课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
课堂效果检测
3
课后课时作业
4
课前自主预习
Grammar (过去进行时的被动语态)
①Another bridge was being built over the Yangtze River then.
②Mr Smith had to go to work by bus this morning as his car was being repaired.
③Was Mr Smith being interviewed by the journalist from BBC
④What was being done in the library when you did some reading
(1)①②句的谓语动词的时态和语态是过去进行时的______________。
(2)③句为过去进行时的被动语态的___________。
(3)④句为过去进行时的被动语态的____________。
被动语态
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
精讲课时语法
一、过去进行时的被动语态的概念
表示在过去某个时间点正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作，主语是动作的承受者。
They were planting trees at this time yesterday. (过去进行时的主动语态)
＝Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(过去进行时的被动语态)
昨天这个时候他们正在种树。
二、过去进行时的被动语态的构成
过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were＋being＋过去分词。具体还可以分成肯定式、否定式、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。
1．过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式：was/were＋being＋done。
Computer was being majored by him during his college.
他在大学里主修计算机专业。
2．过去进行时的被动语态的否定式：was/were＋not＋being＋done。
It was the one thing that wasn't being done well by anyone else out there.
这是迄今为止还没有人能做好的一件事。
3．过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋done？(回答用yes或no)
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？
4．过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were＋(主语)＋being＋done
How was the story being told to Peter
这个故事当时是怎么告诉彼得的？
What was being done to the machine
对这台机器采取了什么措施？
三、过去进行时的被动语态的用法
1．过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内动作正在被进行。常用的时间状语有at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, the whole morning, all day yesterday, when, while, as等，或用另一动作来表示过去的时间。
The bridge was being built this time last month. Now we can cross it.
上个月的这个时候正在建桥。现在我们可以过桥了。
The man took out his iPad and saw the latest films while his car was being washed.
洗车的时候，那个男人拿出iPad看最新的电影。
2．在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时的被动语态。
The house was being cleaned while the dinner was being cooked.
做晚饭的时候，正在打扫房子。
3．过去进行时(及其被动语态)常和always, frequently等表示频率的副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。
Alice was always changing her mind.
爱丽丝总是在改变主意。
4．在told, said, knew, heard等动词后的宾语从句中，从句的动作表示正在被进行。
I was told that my father was being interviewed by the reporter from Chongqing Evening.
我被告知我的父亲正在被《重庆晚报》的记者采访。
单句语法填空
①The naughty boy __________________ (blame) for breaking the window on purpose when his mother phoned the teacher.
②The paint ________________ (clean) when the accident happened.
③She discovered that she ________ closely ________ (watch)．
④He gave me a hint that I ________________ (cheat)．
was being blamed
was being cleaned
was being
watched
was being cheated
四、过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个动作已经发生了。
Electricity lines to 30，000 homes were gradually being restored yesterday.(昨天某个点这个动作正在被发生)
昨天通向3万户人家的电线被逐步修复。
Some broken computers were repaired last night.
昨晚一些坏的电脑已经修理好了。
单句语法填空
①You've failed to do what you _____________ (expect) to and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you.
②It seemed to be getting windy; the leaves ________________ (blow) about.
③—Why are you still here Everybody has gone to attend the lecture by the professor.
—Oh, I _______________ (not inform) about it!
④I discovered that I had been excepted from the list of those who ______________ (send) to Italy.
were expected
were being blown
wasn't informed
were being sent
Vocabulary
emphasise v. 强调(教材P38)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I'd just like to emphasise how important it is for people to learn foreign language.
我只是想强调学习外语是多么重要。
②They put/lay/place emphasis on quality rather than quantity.
他们重视质量而不是数量。
③“I might have known it！” Miss Burnett said with emphasis.
“我早该料到了！”伯内特小姐加重语气说。
(1)单句语法填空
①Material advance and spiritual enrichment should both ____________ (emphasise) equally.
②“She's a liar，” he repeated ________ emphasis.
(2)单句表达
大学应该注重培养学生的专业技能。
Universities should __________________________________ students' professional skills.
be emphasised
with
put/lay/place emphasis on developing
课堂效果检测
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．In yesterday's meeting, the experts ___________ (强调) the role of fathers in family education.
2．After ____________ (重建), the old city has changed beyond recognition.
3．All of that laid a ________ (坚实的) foundation for our better development in the future.
4．These words still ring true today in my role as a j________．
5．The country is experiencing slow but steady e________ growth.
emphasised
reconstruction
solid
ournalist
conomic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _______________ (paint)．
2．The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they ________________ (trap) in the snowstorm.
3．The workers who were late this morning ________________ (scold) by the boss when I passed by the office.
4．Though there is no one in the hall, he stands on the stage as if he ____________________ (watch) and expected to deliver a speech.
5．I ________________ (treat) for teeth in the dental clinic when you phoned this morning.
were being painted
were being trapped
were being scolded
were being watched
was being treated
6．He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ________________ (follow)．
7．Unluckily, my classmates and I went to the nearby library to read books last Sunday, only to be told that it __________________ (decorate)．
8．No self respecting ________ (journal) would ever work for that newspaper.
9．The city will tear ________ the building and create a park.
10．They will also force schools to put more emphasis ________ teaching basic subjects.
was being followed
was being decorated
journalist
down
on
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．当我去看他时，他正在接受医生的检查。
When I went to pay him a visit, he __________________ by a doctor.
2．——他们刷完新房了吗？
——不知道，但是上周我见到他们时，他们告诉我正在刷。
—Have they got their new house painted yet
—I don't know. But I was told it ________________ when I met them last week.
3．当体育馆正在施工时，两名建筑工人受了重伤。
Two building workers got seriously wounded when the stadium ______________．
was being examined
was being painted
was being built
4．当她意识到被拦截时，她中断了无线电联系。
She broke radio contact when she realized she ____________________．
5．中国经济已深度融入全球经济。
The Chinese economy has become deeply integrated into __________________．
6．该协议将为两国间的持久和平铺平道路。
This agreement will _______________ a lasting peace between the two countries.
7．上周的周一到周五，我们一直在植树。
The trees ________________ from Monday to Friday last week by us.
was being intercepted
the global economy
pave the way for
were being planted
8．我们在改革开放中还有许多困难要克服。
We still have many difficulties to overcome in our ____________________．
9．“一带一路”倡议是促进共同发展、实现共同繁荣的合作共赢之路。
____________________________ is a way for win win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity.
10．这本书将为学习英语习语打开新天地。
This book will ____________________ in the study of English idioms.
reform and opening up
The Belt and Road Initiative
break new ground
课后课时作业
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
A local grocery store here has been remodelled and not a single one of the changes is good for those of us who shop there. The grocery aisles (通道) have been rearranged with some going in one direction and others going in another. The aisles have been pushed closer together, making it harder to get through them. It seems like all of these changes have been for the purpose of slowing the shoppers down so they will make more impulse (冲动) buys. As I walked through the store today, no one was smiling and everyone was unhappy about it.
The change that bothered me the most, however, was in the check out aisles. Only a few cashiers were left working with huge sections changed into self scanning check outs. It saddened me to see this. I knew that people were probably going to lose their jobs because of this change. I got in a cashier aisle and patiently waited while I saw some other people struggling to figure out how the self scanning machines worked. I swore at that moment never to use one myself even if I had to wait longer every time I shopped there.
When I finally arrived at the front of the aisle, I saw the cashier was someone I knew. I greeted her with a smile. She smiled back with warmth and kindness that touched my soul. We chatted happily while she scanned and bagged up my groceries. I felt a friendship and a connection with her that warmed my heart. I wished her well before I left.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。为了获取更大的利润，商店改变了以往宽松的布局，减少收银员并增加了自动扫描收银台，这让作者很难过。作者认为商店里无人化的机器操作让生活缺少温暖和爱。
Machines can do a lot for us, but there are many things they can't do. They can't smile or love. Only we can do that. It is time that we should realize that profits aren't more important than people and that machines aren't more important than us. It is time that we should learn that loving each other and this world is what life is all about.
1．What may account for the store's changes
A．To make more profits.
B．To satisfy the shoppers.
C．To offer more products.
D．To make shopping easier.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句“It seems like ... more impulse (冲动) buys.”以及最后一段中的“It is time that we should realize that profits aren't more important than people”可推知，商家此举是为了获取更大的利润。故选A。
2．What's the result of the use of self scanning machines according to the author
A．It will attract more customers.
B．It has reduced the cashiers' burden.
C．It has brought shopper more convenience.
D．It will make many people unemployed.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I knew that people were probably going to lose their jobs because of this change.”可知，作者认为商店使用自助收银机会让很多人失业。故选D。
3．How did the author feel when he met the cashier
A．Calm. B．Glad.
C．Angry. D．Surprised.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者在有收银员的队伍排队结账，到结账时发现收银员是认识的人，因此他们微笑着打招呼，边结账边聊天，作者觉得很高兴。故选B。
4．What's the best title for the text
A．Machines or Us
B．Why Use Machines
C．Are Changes Necessary
D．How Does the World Change
解析：标题判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述作者认为商店里无人化的机器操作让生活缺少温暖和爱。作者在结账时对自助收银机的反感和与收银员的愉快交流形成了对比，并在最后一段进一步阐述机器的缺点。A项(机器还是我们？)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
B
For the last month, a married couple has been interacting with a robot called an Avatar—that's controlled by their daughter hundreds of miles away. Made by ANA Holdings Inc., it looks like a cleaner with an iPad attached. But the screen displays the daughter's face as they chat, and its wheels let her move slowly about the house as though she's really there.
“Virtual travel” is nothing new, of course. Storytellers, travel writers and artists have been stimulating (刺激) the sense of armchair tourists for centuries. It's only in recent decades that frequent, safe travel has become available to the non wealthy.
Yet even as the world's middle classes climb out of the armchair and into economy class seats, there are signs of a post travel society coming into being. Concerns about sustainability (可持续发展) are having a negative influence on carbon intensive airlines. And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to experience the world. For the travel industry, virtual (虚拟的) reality offers an attractive response to these trend.
Of course, far out__technologies__encourage__far out__claims. ANA doesn't plan to start selling Avatars until next year. Profits, too, will probably be difficult to achieve. According to one investigation, the global market for this kind of technology is worth only about $300 million. By contrast, ANA's traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ANA公司目前正在致力于开发虚拟旅行技术，但是虚拟旅行的全球市场还很难预测，作者对此持乐观态度。
But if the business case for virtual vacations is still weak, the market for technologies that bridge physical distances between families and co workers seems likely to only expand. ANA's robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they'll almost certainly be a part of travel's high tech future.
5．What is the purpose of mentioning “Avatar” in Paragraph 1
A．To display how people travel with the robot “Avatar”．
B．To introduce a new service offered by Japan's biggest airline.
C．To lead in the topic of virtual travel by providing a vivid scene.
D．To describe what the robot “Avatar” looks like and how it works.
解析：推理判断题。第一段描述了一对夫妇与一个由女儿在好几百英里之外操控的称作Avatar的机器人互动的情景，从而引出下文“Virtual travel”的话题。由此可推知，在第一段中提到“Avatar”是为了通过提供一个生动的场景来引入虚拟旅行的话题。故选C。
6．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that people's choice of virtual travel may be the result of ________．
A．the demand for safe travel
B．wealthy people's growing old
C．worries about low carbon airlines
D．the support of advanced technologies
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And the aging of ... response to these trend.”可知，富裕群体的老龄化不仅使人们身体力行的旅行减少了，也催生了人们对各种体验世界方式的需求。对旅游行业来说，虚拟现实为这些趋势提供了一个有吸引力的回应。由此可推知，人们选择虚拟旅行可能是富人变老的结果。故选B。
7．What does the writer mean by saying “far out technologies encourage far out claims”？
A．Traditional travel business is not profitable.
B．Global market for virtual travels is hard to predict.
C．The time is ripe for selling Avatars in term of technology.
D．Virtual travels will take the place of traditional ones very soon.
解析：句意理解题。根据画线句下文内容可知，ANA到明年才计划开始销售Avatars。利润也可能难以实现。根据一项调查，这种技术的全球市场价值仅为3亿美元左右。相比之下，ANA的传统旅游业务去年带来了超过190亿美元的收入。由此可推知，画线句意为“虚拟旅行的全球市场很难预测”。故选B。
8．What's the writer's attitude to virtual technology
A．Uncertain. B．Cautious.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Optimistic.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ANA's robots may ... travel's high tech future.”可知，ANA的机器人可能不会很快取代它的飞机，但它们几乎肯定会成为旅游高科技未来的一部分。由此可推知，作者对虚拟技术持乐观态度。故选D。
Ⅱ 七选五
Why Human Translation Is Better
Than Machine
Will AI take the place of human translators __1__. In the following sections, we will explore four reasons why human translation will always be better than machine translation.
Machines cannot express feelings and emotions like humans.
Nowadays, soft skills like communication and relationship building are more important at work than technical skills. AI systems are indeed fast, rational, and accurate. __2__. In fact, these are the very skills that make us human. Humans can gain information from non verbal cues, while machines just can't.
__3__．
Only a human translator can match and reproduce the style and tone of the source document accurately. With a machine translation, the intended tone and intricate nuances of the original document often get lost. This results in a rather flat and soulless end result. Translating some texts, such as poems and argumentative essays, is challenging for machines. Robots are unable to convey the feeling of the text, resulting in a flat translation.
Machines can't keep up with language changes.
Machine translation software has to be constantly updated to keep up with these changes. Updating these programs is challenging because they are based on a sophisticated algorithmic system. Human translators, on the other hand, do not have to deal with such difficulties. As we all know, humans are much more adaptable. __4__．
Machines don't understand complex human cultures.
When it comes to cultural translations, some words may have a specific meaning in one culture but a completely different meaning in another. In fact, in some occasions, even human translators have difficulty achieving a perfect translation, let alone a machine translator.
__5__. It has come a long way in recent years, but it still has a long way to go. A professional human based translation service is still by far the best option for translating high quality content.
A．Style and tone may be beyond a machine's ability
B．A translation cannot be complete without the human touch
C．There's no denying the importance of machine translation
D．Simply put, there is no replacement for human translation
E．Nevertheless, they are not insightful, empathetic, or culturally sensitive
F．A machine translator can never match the intelligence of a human being
G．Hence they can keep up with language changes faster than any AI program
篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人类翻译比人工智能翻译优越的四个理由。
1．答案：D
2．答案：E
解析：根据设空前“Will AI take the place of human translators？(人工智能将会取代人类翻译吗？)”可知，D项(简而言之，人类的翻译无法被取代)回答了前文提出的问题。故选D。
解析：根据设空前“AI systems are indeed fast, rational, and accurate.(人工智能的确快速、理性和准确。)”和设空后“In fact, these are the very skills that make us human.(事实上，这些技能为人类专有。)”可知，E项(然而，它们并不具备洞察力、共情能力或文化感知力)和前文形成转折关系，且与后文语义连贯，后文中的“these”指代E项中的“insightful, empathetic, or culturally sensitive”。故选E。
3．答案：A
4．答案：G
解析：根据段落首句“Only a human translator ... the source document accurately.(只有人类翻译者能准确匹配和再现原文档的风格和语气。)”可知，A项(风格和语气或许超出了机器能力范围)总结该段内容，可以作为本段的小标题。故选A。
解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主旨为机器跟不上语言的变化；根据设空前“As we all know, humans are much more adaptable.(众所周知，人类的适应能力强得多。)”可知，G项(因此他们能比任何一款人工智能程序更快地跟上语言的变化)符合本段主旨，并和前文构成因果关系。故选G。
解析：根据设空后“It has come a long way in recent years, but it still has a long way to go.(近年来人工智能取得了长足的进步，但仍有很长的路要走。)”可知，C项(机器翻译的重要性毋庸置疑)引出后文，和后文构成解释关系。故选C。
5．答案：C
Ⅲ 语法填空
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages. The goal was two－fold: __1__ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six __2__ (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, __3__ the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual __4__ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should __5__ (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform __6__ the world to better understand China, but also __7__ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in __8__ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and __9__ rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard－working people, its development through __10__ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国设立语言日的目的及意义，说明了中文在促进国际交流与合作中的重要作用。
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
1．答案：to celebrate
2．答案：tongues
解析：考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。
解析：考查名词。tongue “语言”为可数名词，其被six修饰，应用复数。故填tongues。
3．答案：and
4．答案：written
解析：考查连词。句意：语言是交流的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、 the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
解析：考查词性转换。此空修饰名词forms，应用形容词作前置定语，written表示“书面的”。故填written。
5．答案：be treated
6．答案：for
解析：考查动词的语态和情态动词。主语Every language与动词treat构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且位于情态动词should后，be动词用原形。故填be treated。
解析：考查介词。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth for sb/sth。故填for。
7．答案：promotes
8．答案：improving
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处与provides并列作谓语，应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day。故填promotes。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处应用动名词作介词in的宾语。故填improving。
9．答案：the
10．答案：innovation
解析：考查冠词。the rest of ... “……的其余部分”，为固定短语。故填the。
解析：考查词性转换。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处应用名词作介词through的宾语。故填innovation。
