英语 选择性必修 第二册 WY
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
MY 100 DAYS WITH MSF
我与无国界医生的100天
22 March 2015
2015年3月22日
Today we celebrate.
今天我们庆祝。
It's exactly one month since the last reported case.
距离上一次报告的病例已经整整一个月了。
But it is vital not to take any chances.
但重要的是不要冒任何的风险。
So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades in arms, raise virtual glasses to each other.
所以，我们这20位来自世界各地的医护人员，战友们，假装举杯，互相庆祝。
词句自测
①vital adj. 极其重要的
②comrade n. 同志；朋友
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.
大约三个月前，我随无国界医生一起来到利比里亚。
When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
当我从新闻上看到悲惨的画面时，我觉得去那里提供帮助是我作为一名医生的责任。
I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, “If I don't do it, who will？”
我知道我在把自己的生命置于危险中，但我想，“如果我不做，谁会(做)呢？”
It is important to remember that Ebola doesn't respect national boundaries.
重要的是要记住，埃博拉病毒是不分国界的。
There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
医生、病人或任何参与抗击这种可怕疾病的人都是不分国界的。
词句自测
③tragic adj. 悲惨的，不幸的
④Ebola n. 埃博拉病毒
⑤combat v. 防止，抑制
⑥“时间状语从句(When I saw ... news)＋主句(I felt it ... my help)”。it was my duty ... help是felt的宾语从句，省略了连接词that；it作形式主语，不定式短语to go there and offer my help作真正的主语。
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是在一位加拿大传染病专家艾玛任期结束时接替她的工作。
Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine.
艾玛和我一起在办公室里花了一个小时，告诉我该做的日常事务。
As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
当她说话的时候，我能听到在我们周围的桌子旁至少在说三种不同的语言。
Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF：
接着，艾玛把我介绍给其他一些为无国界医生组织工作或与之一起工作的人：
Wilton, a young local man, who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and who disinfected clothing and surfaces；
威尔顿，一个当地的年轻人，他帮助把重病号抬进治疗诊所，并对衣物和地面消毒；
词句自测
⑦relieve v. 给(某人)换班
⑧specialist n. 专家
⑨infectious adj. 传染性的
⑩clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
disinfect v. 为……消毒，给……杀菌
Maisy, a retired public health official from Darwin, Australia, whose local team of volunteers educated people on preventing infection；
梅茜，一位退休的公共卫生官员，来自澳大利亚的达尔文市，他的当地志愿者团队教人们防止感染；
Alfonso, a soft spoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s, who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea.
阿方索，一位50多岁说话温和的阿根廷医生，他之前曾在塞拉利昂和几内亚从事埃博拉疫情的工作。
The list went on.
这样的人还有很多。
I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica.
我发现，除南极洲以外，来自其他每一个大洲的所有年龄、肤色和信仰的人中，我是唯一的一名中国医生。
With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
每见到一个人，作为这个非凡团队的一员，我感到越来越自豪，他们的眼中熠熠闪耀着对这项事业的奉献精神。
词句自测
outbreak n. 爆发，突然发生
devotion n. 奉献
“主(I)系(felt)表(a growing sense of pride)”。With each person I met作状语，其中I met是定语从句，修饰person；as part of this extraordinary team作方式状语，whose devotion ... eyes是非限制性定语从句，用来解释说明team。
In the few weeks since then, I have come to know these people very well.
在那之后的几个星期里，我已经非常了解这些人了。
We have worked together, surrounded by blood, vomit and death.
我们一起工作，被血液、呕吐物和死亡包围着。
But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
但是，尽管死亡率很高，我们永远不会放弃一个病人，有时我们的努力真的会产生奇迹。
词句自测
vomit n. 呕吐物
miracle n. 意外的幸运事；奇迹
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here in the back of a van.
就在我刚到达后，有一家六口躺在一辆小型货车的车斗里被带到了这里。
All of them were infected.
他们全都被感染了。
The twin girls and their parents soon died.
双胞胎女孩和她们的父母很快就去世了。
We knew there was little hope for the brothers, but we did everything we could to save them.
我们知道兄弟俩希望渺茫，但我们竭尽所能去救治他们。
When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
当我们第二天早上去病房探望时，我们惊奇地发现，虽然历经千险，两个男孩仍然活了下来。
Pascal and Daniel have since made a full recovery.
此后，帕斯卡尔和丹尼尔已经痊愈了。
This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
这次小小的却出乎意料的成功弥补了许多其他没有那么幸运的病例。
词句自测
van n. 小型货车
twin adj. 双胞胎的
ward n. 病房
compensate v. 弥补，补偿
“分句(We knew ... brothers)＋but＋分句(we did ... them)”。there was little hope for the brothers是省略了连接词that的宾语从句；we could是定语从句，修饰不定代词everything，从句中could后省略了do，不定式短语to save them作目的状语。
To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.
陷入这样的危机会在人与人之间产生强大的纽带，不仅在护理人员和病人之间，而且在所有来自世界各地、为共同事业团结在一起的人之间。
It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy and Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
有像威尔顿、梅茜和阿方索这样的同事已令我倍感鼓舞，更别提其他所有和我一起共事的人了。
Now my time is almost up.
如今，我的任期也快结束了。
In a few days, someone else will arrive to step into my shoes, and the tireless work that the MSF members do in more than 70 countries and regions around the world will go on.
再过几天，别人就会来接替我的工作，无国界医生的成员们将在全世界超过70个国家与地区继续不知疲倦地工作着。
In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
在这个仍然面临着许多问题的世界上，我们团结合作构建一个和平与繁荣的人类命运共同体至关重要。
词句自测
collaborate v. 合作，协作
“分句(someone else ... shoes)＋and ＋分句(the tireless ... go on)”。不定式短语to step into my shoes作目的状语；后面的分句中，主语为the tireless work，that the MSF ... the world是定语从句，修饰work。
1 assist v. 协助，帮助(教材P50)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①Julia is assisting him in preparing his speech.
朱莉娅正在帮他准备演讲稿。
②I waited patiently, hoping that someone would come to my assistance.
我耐心地等着，希望有人会来帮我。
③With the assistance of my cousin we paddled across the river in the dark to participate in a private meeting.
在我表弟的帮助下，我们趁天黑划过河去参加一个秘密会议。
(1)单句语法填空
①They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordon's ________ (assist)．
②I will assist you ________ solving the difficult problem.
答案：①assistance ②in
(2)一句多译
一组护士协助医生实施手术。
A team of nurses ________________________ the operation.(assist sb in doing)
＝A team of nurses ________________________ the operation.(assist sb with sth)
＝________________________， the doctor performed the operation.(with the assistance of)
答案：assisted the doctor in performing; assisted the doctor with; With the assistance of a team of nurses
(3)语段填空
经理助理每天帮助经理处理很多事务。在助理的帮助下，公司变得越来越好。
The manager's ________________ the manager ________ many of his duties every day. With the ________ of him, the company becomes better and better.
答案：assistant assists; with; assistance
2 vital adj. 极其重要的(教材P50)
归纳拓展
①As far as we all are concerned, consideration for other people is vital to/for all of us.
对我们所有人而言，体谅别人是极其重要的。
②As for the work, it is vital to keep accurate records.
就这项工作而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。
③What he did is of vital importance.
他做的事是至关重要的。
单句语法填空
①It is vital ________ (get) the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
②It's vital that the teachers ________ (get) on well with young people.
③Reading is ________ vital importance in language learning.
答案：①to get ②(should) get ③of
3 relieve v. 给(某人)换班(教材P50)
归纳拓展
①You'll be relieved at six o'clock.
六点钟有人来换你的班。
②The measures can relieve the students of their pressure.
这些措施能减轻学生们的压力。
③In relief, Daisy burst into laughter.
黛西如释重负，突然笑了起来。
④To his great relief, the engine came to life.
使他感到宽慰的是，发动机又开始转了。
⑤It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
长期的干旱之后有雨是一大慰藉。
单句语法填空
①It was ________ great relief to find that my family were all safe.
②Behind me I could hear the other girls sigh in ________ (relieve)．
③________ her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
答案：①a ②relief ③To
4 devotion n. 奉献(教材P51)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I know what a mother's devotion to her children means.
我知道母亲对子女的疼爱意味着什么。
②As a student, you should devote yourself to your studies.
作为一名学生，你应该专心于学习。
③When you can drag him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father.
如果你能把他硬从工作中拉回来，他也会是个尽心尽责的父亲。
名师点津 上述所有短语中，to均为介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
单句语法填空
①I'm deeply moved by his ________ (devote) to the cause of education.
②Her son, ________ whom she was devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
③Our Party has always devoted great attention to ________ (raise) the living standard of the working people.
答案：①devotion ②to ③raising
1 Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine．(教材P50)艾玛和我在办公室用了一个小时交接日常工作。
剖析 talking me through the daily routine是现在分词短语作状语。
归纳拓展
①Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)
因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师寻求帮助。
②He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. (结果状语)
他把玻璃杯弄掉了，结果把杯子摔得粉碎。
③Relying on your parents (＝If you rely on your parents) heavily, you will end up as a failure.(条件状语)
如果过分依赖父母，你终将是个失败者。
④The dog entered the waiting room, following his master. (伴随状语)
这条狗跟着主人进了候车室。
(1)单句语法填空
①They stood there for an hour, ________ (watch) the game.
②Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ________ (cause) the delay.
③________ (work) hard, you'll succeed sooner or later.
答案：①watching ②causing ③Working
(2)句型转换
①Because she was well taken care of, she recovered quickly.
→________________________， she recovered quickly.
②When he was watching TV, my grandfather fell asleep.
→______________________， my grandfather fell asleep.
③Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
→________________________， he didn't pass the exam.
答案：①Being well taken care of ②When watching TV ③Though he studied hard
2 As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us. (教材P50～51)她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。
剖析 as意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。
归纳拓展
①As the deadline came near, I worked harder.
随着截止日期的来临，我工作得更勤奋了。
②As spring comes, everything comes to life.
＝With spring coming, everything comes to life.
随着春天的到来，万物复苏。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ she grows up, she becomes more beautiful.
②________ time went by, we saw less and less of each other.
答案：①As ②As
(2)一句多译
随着时间的流逝，我们渐渐变老。
____________________________， we are getting older.
＝____________________________， we are getting older.
答案：As time goes by; With time going by
3 But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles. (教材P51)不过，虽然死亡率极高，但是我们永远不会放弃一个患者，何况我们的努力有时真的会产生奇迹。
剖析 do在句中起强调作用。
归纳拓展
①I do hope you'll stay here a little longer.
我确实希望你在这里多待一会儿。
②It does come down to the preschool rules Elizabeth mentioned.
这确实可以归结为伊丽莎白提到的学前教育规则。
③Teachers think I didn't study hard, but I did study hard.
老师们认为我不努力学习，但我确实努力了。
④I myself will see her off at the station.
我将亲自到车站为她送行。
⑤Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.
只有这样我们才能消灭敌军。
⑥It is his mother who he is thinking of.
他现在正在思念的是他的母亲。
名师点津 do/does/did用在动词之前，起强调作用，常意为“的确，真的”。通常用于一般过去时和一般现在时的肯定句中，也可用于祈使句中。
(1)单句语法填空
①We don't know she ________ hate using a mobile phone.
②________ be quiet; I told you I had a headache.
答案：①does ②Do
(2)单句表达
昨天下午他确实去那个公园散步了。
He ______________________ for a walk yesterday afternoon.
答案：did go to the park
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．The results implicate poor hygiene as one cause of the ________ (爆发)．
答案：outbreak
2．The teacher's selfless ________ (奉献) to the cause of education is well known.
答案：devotion
3．Most importantly, clean and ________ (为……消毒) your contact lenses as directed once a day.
答案：disinfect
4．________ (统计数据) show that 50% of new businesses fail in their first year.
答案：Statistics
5．She dialed the number and asked for the ________ (病房)．
答案：ward
6．The civilization of m________ has taken thousands of years to develop.
答案：mankind
7．The fence marks the b________ between my property and hers.
答案：boundary
8．The first reason to t________ these problems is to save children's lives.
答案：tackle
9．She resembles her t________ sister in appearance but not in character.
答案：twin
10．Drugs can r________ much of the pain.
答案：relieve
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A healthy diet should help your body resist ________ (infectious)．
答案：infection
2．Nothing can compensate ________ the loss of one's health.
答案：for
3．________ (follow) the teacher's suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.
答案：Following
4．We ________ know why he's gone, but at present I can't tell you about it.
答案：do
5．Enough sleep is vital ________ the students' well being and health.
答案：for/to
6．Only if you devote ________ (you) to your studies can you pass the test.
答案：yourself
7．If Mr Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible ________ (assist) to the people there.
答案：assistance
8．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ (relieve) from this medicine.
答案：relief
9．These are among the five richest countries in the world, so ________ is right that they should do so.
答案：it
10．________ time went by, the boy came to realize his mistakes.
答案：As
Ⅲ.选词填空
step into sb's shoes; not to mention; make a full recovery; be involved in; take chances
1．We mustn't ______________. We'd better play safe.
答案：take chances
2．When Mr Jones retires, it is likely that his son will ______________．
答案：step into his shoes
3．It took my father three months to ______________ after the operation.
答案：make a full recovery
4．Both the teachers and parents should ______________ the education of the children.
答案：be involved in
5．We're too busy to take a long holiday this year, ______________ the fact that we can't afford it.
答案：not to mention
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．长时间等待实在无聊，我们就打扑克来缓解无聊。
We played cards to ________________________ the long wait.
答案：relieve the boredom of
2．个体经营者要准确记录账目，这十分重要。
______________ you keep accurate records when you are self employed.
答案：It is vital that
3．据报道，在这场地震中有16人遇难。
________________ 16 people were killed in the earthquake.
答案：It is reported that
4．过马路时一定要小心。(对祈使句的强调)
______________ while walking across the street.
答案：Do be careful
5．随着语言能力不断发展，孩子开始把更多的词语连起来。(as 引导时间状语从句)
________________， the child starts to string more words together.
答案：As speech develops
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Born in the United States, I, with black hair and yellow skin, am an American. Yes, I am a US citizen. Yet I __1__ early in my childhood that I was very different.
It wasn't until __2__ in the early years of primary school that I noticed this difference. Some kids in my class asked me __3__ I could speak Chinese. It seemed strange to me that they would be interested in this part of my __4__. I answered “yes” and expected them to say nothing else about it.
To my surprise, they were __5__ to hear me say something in Chinese. When I did so, they said, “Wow, that's cool！” I had always thought of it as just a strange __6__ that came from China.
I __7__ what had happened that day when I got home. I went into the bathroom to wash my hands as I usually did. I looked myself in the mirror—the same face was __8__ from that morning, but it didn't __9__ the same to me. For the first time, I felt different from the others in my __10__．
That day I discovered a part of my life that was __11__—in culture and tradition—from the one I was __12__．
Now I know that we must all remember our __13__， but we must also continue to explore, realizing that __14__ is different, with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles. Recognizing these differences should __15__ respect for one another.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了身为美籍华人的作者在上小学时，认识到自己和班上的其他人不一样。作者认为我们都有自己的信仰、观点、传统和生活方式，人们应该彼此尊重。
1．A.deserved B．discovered
C.impressed D．proved
答案：B
解析：句意：然而，我在童年时就发现自己与别人很不一样。deserve 值得；discover 发现；impress 使印象深刻；prove 证明。故选B。
2．A.one moment B．one evening
C.one day D．one year
答案：C
解析：根据后文“I __7__ what had happened that day when I got home.”可知，直到上小学的某一天，作者才注意到这种差异。故选C。
3．A.why B．how
C.when D．if
答案：D
解析：句意：我班上的一些孩子问我是否会说中文。此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用if。故选D。
4．A.life B．manuscript
C.secret D．program
答案：A
解析：句意：我觉得很奇怪，他们会对我生活的这一部分感兴趣。life 生活；manuscript 手稿；secret 秘密；program 项目。故选A。
5．A.critical B．amused
C.appreciative D．eager
答案：D
解析：critical 批评的；amused 有趣的；appreciative 欣赏的；eager 渴望的。根据后文“to hear me say something in Chinese”可知，其他孩子渴望听到作者用中文说话。be eager to do sth “渴望做某事”。故选D。
6．A.tradition B．comment
C.language D．reply
答案：C
解析：句意：我一直认为它只是一种来自中国的奇怪语言。tradition 传统；comment 评论；language 语言；reply 回答。故选C。
7．A.wrote down B．thought about
C.talked about D．forgot about
答案：B
解析：句意：我回到家，想着那天发生的事。write down 写下；think about 思考；talk about 谈论；forget about 忘记。故选B。
8．A.out B．up
C.next D．there
答案：D
解析：out 离开；up 向(较高位置)；next 靠近；there 在那儿。此处指“in the mirror”应用there。故选D。
9．A.maintain B．seem
C.act D．burst
答案：B
解析：maintain 保持；seem 似乎；act 行动；burst 爆炸。此处指经过了在学校给其他孩子说中文的事情，作者觉得似乎自己有一些不一样了。故选B。
10．A.family B．class
C.team D．association
答案：B
解析：family 家庭；class 班级；team 队伍；association 社团。根据前文“Some kids in my class”可知，作者与班上的其他孩子不一样。此处为class的原词复现。故选B。
11．A.different B．delighted
C.worthy D．valuable
答案：A
解析：根据前文“For the first time, I felt different from the others in my __10__．”可知，作者发现了生活中不同的一部分。故选A。
12．A.persevering B．expecting
C.living D．probing
答案：C
解析：根据前文“That day I discovered a part of my life”可知，此处指与作者现在过着的生活所不同的一部分。故选C。
13．A.blessings B．spots
C.concepts D．roots
答案：D
解析：根据后文“with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles”可知，作者意识到每个人要记住自己的根。故选D。
14．A.nobody B．nothing
C.everyone D．everything
答案：C
解析：根据后文“with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles”可知，作者认识到每个人都是不同的，每个人都有自己的信仰、观点、传统和生活方式。故选C。
15．A.lead to B．stick to
C.devote to D．refer to
答案：A
解析：lead to 导致；stick to 坚持；devote to 致力于；refer to 参考。根据后文“respect for one another”可知，认识到彼此之间的差异应该导致相互尊重。故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
A
Thanksgiving is almost here, which means many families are getting ready to enjoy a tradition that goes back hundreds of years: baking and eating delicious pie. Two classic desserts will battle it out at holiday tables. Is pumpkin pie better than apple pie
Yes—pumpkin is perfect
Three reasons why pumpkin pie is better than apple pie
1.As one of America's first crops, pumpkin has become fall's signature flavor since the early 18th century. Even 300 years ago, Americans knew it was the best pie.
2.With its warm, comforting mix of cinnamon (肉桂), nutmeg (豆蔻), and other spices, delicious pumpkin pie gives you perfect bites that melt in your mouth, which simply can't be beaten.
3.As a bonus, pumpkins are packed full of vitamins and nutrients that are good for your body. So cut a perfectly shaped slice of pumpkin goodness and dig in.
No—apple pie all the way
Three reasons why pumpkin pie is not better than apple pie
1.Apple pie is just about as old as our country and even appeared in America's first cookbook. Have you heard the expression “It's as American as apple pie”？ No one says that about pumpkin pie!
2.There are countless variations on the classic, with different spices and flavorings, dried fruits and nuts, and different crusts (酥皮). Apple pie is the clear winner for people who love the balance of fruit and buttery pie crust.
3.To quote another expression, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” That means apples are nutritious and help keep us healthy.
Now that you've read a bit more about this issue, click here to vote in our debate. Vote YES if you think pumpkin pie is better than apple pie or NO if you don't. We'll publish the results next week.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。作者在文章中主要列出了南瓜派和苹果派的优点，旨在收集读者对于南瓜派和苹果派之争的投票。
1．What do pumpkin pie and apple pie have in common
a．They are full of nutrients.
b．They have similar flavor.
c．They have deep roots in America.
A．ab B．bc
C．ac D．abc
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Yes—pumpkin is perfect部分中的“pumpkin has become ... early 18th century”“pumpkins are packed ... for your body”和No—apple pie all the way部分中的“Apple pie is just about ... in America's first cookbook.”“apples are nutritious and help keep us healthy”可知，两者都在美国有着深厚的根基，并且都营养丰富。故选C。
2．Where can the text be found
A．On a menu. B．On a website.
C．In a magazine. D．In a cookbook.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Now that you've read ... vote in our debate.(既然你已经对这个问题有了更多的了解，那么请点击这里为我们的辩论投票。)”可推知，这篇文章可能来自网站。故选B。
3．What's the purpose of the text
A．To invite readers to vote in a debate.
B．To distinguish pumpkin pie from apple pie.
C．To advertise pumpkin pie is better than apple pie.
D．To encourage baking and eating pie at Thanksgiving.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now that you've read ... vote in our debate.”可推知，文章的目的是想要读者对南瓜派和苹果派之争进行投票。故选A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular, Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities, while Westerners think the opposite. However, Socrates (Ancient Greek philosopher) and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common; for example, their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good, knowledge; and only one evil, ignorance.” Similarly, Confucius said, “Isn't it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said: “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly, Confucius said, “When you know a thing, to hold you know it; when you don't know a thing, to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However, there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue (德行). Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance, when asked how to govern a country, Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor, a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates, however, places self knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination (支配). Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system, but through virtue. Socrates, by contrast, declared that “nothing is more important than justice”．
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization, however, was nomadic (游牧的). Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
In spite of their differences, the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。
4．What do the two philosophers share about knowledge
A．The learning of knowledge is easy.
B．The learning of knowledge is endless.
C．A man without knowledge is foolish.
D．A man shall not pretend to understand.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.(但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说：‘我所知道的就是我一无所知。’孔子也说过：‘知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。’)”可知，两个哲学家都认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。
5．Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality
A．Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B．I am not a Chinese, but a citizen of the world.
C．Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D．A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everyone should play ... act like a subject.(每个人都应该在人与人相互依存的社会中发挥自己的作用，以实现整个社会的和谐。例如，当被问及如何治理一个国家时，孔子说：‘皇帝应该像皇帝，臣子应该像臣子。’)”可知，孔子的思想，即“君君，臣臣，父父，子子”，每个人都应该根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。故选D。
6．What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values
A．The difference in political atmosphere.
B．The difference in the length of history.
C．The difference in economic development.
D．The difference in levels of social dependency.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“A widely accepted theory ... dependent on society after migration. (一个广为接受的理论认为东方文明是一种农业文明。因此，对集体社会和邻里友好关系的需求非常强烈。然而，西方文明是游牧文明。他们的流动性使他们在移民后对社会的依赖程度降低。)”可推知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是社会依赖程度不同。故选D。
7．What is the passage mainly about
A．Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B．The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C．Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D．The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要在对比东西方两位哲学家Confucius (孔子)及Socrates (苏格拉底)思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你是李华，得知青少年模拟联合国大会(Model United Nations)现面向高中生征集志愿者，请根据要求写一封申请信。要求如下：
1．组织能力、沟通能力强；
2．英语基础好；
3．有责任感，对国际事务怀有热情。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm Li Hua. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in Model United Nations.
Being monitor in my class makes me a brilliant organizer and improves my communication skills. Having been learning English for years, I hope I can get the job to put it into practice. Besides, I'm responsible and enthusiastic about international affairs, which will help me cooperate well in a team.
I'd appreciate it if you could give me a chance. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
23(共88张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前预习自检
重点合作探究
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
课堂效果检测
3
课后课时作业
４
课前预习自检
MY 100 DAYS WITH MSF
我与无国界医生的100天
22 March 2015
2015年3月22日
Today we celebrate.
今天我们庆祝。
It's exactly one month since the last reported case.
距离上一次报告的病例已经整整一个月了。
But it is vital not to take any chances.
但重要的是不要冒任何的风险。
So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades in arms, raise virtual glasses to each other.
所以，我们这20位来自世界各地的医护人员，战友们，假装举杯，互相庆祝。
词句自测
①________ adj. 极其重要的
②___________ n. 同志；朋友
vital
comrade
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.
大约三个月前，我随无国界医生一起来到利比里亚。
When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
当我从新闻上看到悲惨的画面时，我觉得去那里提供帮助是我作为一名医生的责任。
I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, “If I don't do it, who will？”
我知道我在把自己的生命置于危险中，但我想，“如果我不做，谁会(做)呢？”
It is important to remember that Ebola doesn't respect national boundaries.
重要的是要记住，埃博拉病毒是不分国界的。
There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
医生、病人或任何参与抗击这种可怕疾病的人都是不分国界的。
词句自测
③_________ adj. 悲惨的，不幸的
④_________ n. 埃博拉病毒
⑤_________ v. 防止，抑制
⑥“时间状语从句(When I saw ... news)＋主句(I felt it ... my help)”。it was my duty ... help是felt的________从句，省略了连接词that；it作_____________，不定式短语to go there and offer my help作_____________。
tragic
Ebola
combat
宾语
形式主语
真正的主语
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是在一位加拿大传染病专家艾玛任期结束时接替她的工作。
Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine.
艾玛和我一起在办公室里花了一个小时，告诉我该做的日常事务。
As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
当她说话的时候，我能听到在我们周围的桌子旁至少在说三种不同的语言。
Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF：
接着，艾玛把我介绍给其他一些为无国界医生组织工作或与之一起工作的人：
Wilton, a young local man, who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and who disinfected clothing and surfaces；
威尔顿，一个当地的年轻人，他帮助把重病号抬进治疗诊所，并对衣物和地面消毒；
词句自测
⑦__________ v. 给(某人)换班
⑧__________ n. 专家
⑨__________ adj. 传染性的
⑩________ n. 诊所；门诊部
_________ v. 为……消毒，给……杀菌
relieve
specialist
infectious
clinic
disinfect
Maisy, a retired public health official from Darwin, Australia, whose local team of volunteers educated people on preventing infection；
梅茜，一位退休的公共卫生官员，来自澳大利亚的达尔文市，他的当地志愿者团队教人们防止感染；
Alfonso, a soft spoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s, who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea.
阿方索，一位50多岁说话温和的阿根廷医生，他之前曾在塞拉利昂和几内亚从事埃博拉疫情的工作。
The list went on.
这样的人还有很多。
I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica.
我发现，除南极洲以外，来自其他每一个大洲的所有年龄、肤色和信仰的人中，我是唯一的一名中国医生。
With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
每见到一个人，作为这个非凡团队的一员，我感到越来越自豪，他们的眼中熠熠闪耀着对这项事业的奉献精神。
词句自测
_________ n. 爆发，突然发生
_________ n. 奉献
“主(I)系(felt)表(a growing sense of pride)”。With each person I met作状语，其中I met是______从句，修饰person；as part of this extraordinary team作_________，whose devotion ... eyes是______________从句，用来解释说明________。
outbreak
devotion
定语
方式状语
非限制性定语
team
In the few weeks since then, I have come to know these people very well.
在那之后的几个星期里，我已经非常了解这些人了。
We have worked together, surrounded by blood, vomit and death.
我们一起工作，被血液、呕吐物和死亡包围着。
But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
但是，尽管死亡率很高，我们永远不会放弃一个病人，有时我们的努力真的会产生奇迹。
词句自测
_________ n. 呕吐物
__________ n. 意外的幸运事；奇迹
vomit
miracle
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here in the back of a van.
就在我刚到达后，有一家六口躺在一辆小型货车的车斗里被带到了这里。
All of them were infected.
他们全都被感染了。
The twin girls and their parents soon died.
双胞胎女孩和她们的父母很快就去世了。
We knew there was little hope for the brothers, but we did everything we could to save them.
我们知道兄弟俩希望渺茫，但我们竭尽所能去救治他们。
When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
当我们第二天早上去病房探望时，我们惊奇地发现，虽然历经千险，两个男孩仍然活了下来。
Pascal and Daniel have since made a full recovery.
此后，帕斯卡尔和丹尼尔已经痊愈了。
This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
这次小小的却出乎意料的成功弥补了许多其他没有那么幸运的病例。
词句自测
_________n. 小型货车
________adj. 双胞胎的
________n. 病房
_____________ v. 弥补，补偿
21 “分句(We knew ... brothers)＋but＋分句(we did ... them)”。there was little hope for the brothers是省略了连接词that的________从句；we could是________从句，修饰不定代词everything，从句中could后省略了do，不定式短语to save them作___________。
van
twin
ward
compensate
宾语
定语
目的状语
To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.
陷入这样的危机会在人与人之间产生强大的纽带，不仅在护理人员和病人之间，而且在所有来自世界各地、为共同事业团结在一起的人之间。
It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy and Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
有像威尔顿、梅茜和阿方索这样的同事已令我倍感鼓舞，更别提其他所有和我一起共事的人了。
Now my time is almost up.
如今，我的任期也快结束了。
In a few days, someone else will arrive to step into my shoes, and the tireless work that the MSF members do in more than 70 countries and regions around the world will go on.
再过几天，别人就会来接替我的工作，无国界医生的成员们将在全世界超过70个国家与地区继续不知疲倦地工作着。
In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
在这个仍然面临着许多问题的世界上，我们团结合作构建一个和平与繁荣的人类命运共同体至关重要。
词句自测
22 _____________ v. 合作，协作
23 “分句(someone else ... shoes)＋and ＋分句(the tireless ... go on)”。不定式短语to step into my shoes作_____________；后面的分句中，主语为the tireless work，that the MSF ... the world是_________从句，修饰work。
collaborate
目的状语
定语
重点合作探究
1 assist v. 协助，帮助(教材P50)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①Julia is assisting him in preparing his speech.
朱莉娅正在帮他准备演讲稿。
②I waited patiently, hoping that someone would come to my assistance.
我耐心地等着，希望有人会来帮我。
③With the assistance of my cousin we paddled across the river in the dark to participate in a private meeting.
在我表弟的帮助下，我们趁天黑划过河去参加一个秘密会议。
(1)单句语法填空
①They are appealing to the world community to come to Jordon's ___________ (assist)．
②I will assist you ________ solving the difficult problem.
assistance
in
(2)一句多译
一组护士协助医生实施手术。
A team of nurses _________________________________ the operation.(assist sb in doing)
＝A team of nurses ________________________ the operation.(assist sb with sth)
＝__________________________________________， the doctor performed the operation.(with the assistance of)
assisted the doctor in performing
assisted the doctor with
With the assistance of a team of nurses
(3)语段填空
经理助理每天帮助经理处理很多事务。在助理的帮助下，公司变得越来越好。
The manager's ________________ the manager ________ many of his duties every day. With the ____________ of him, the company becomes better and better.
assistant assists
with
assistance
2 vital adj. 极其重要的(教材P50)
归纳拓展
①As far as we all are concerned, consideration for other people is vital to/for all of us.
对我们所有人而言，体谅别人是极其重要的。
②As for the work, it is vital to keep accurate records.
就这项工作而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。
③What he did is of vital importance.
他做的事是至关重要的。
单句语法填空
①It is vital ________ (get) the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
②It's vital that the teachers _____________ (get) on well with young people.
③Reading is ________ vital importance in language learning.
to get
(should) get
of
3 relieve v. 给(某人)换班(教材P50)
归纳拓展
①You'll be relieved at six o'clock.
六点钟有人来换你的班。
②The measures can relieve the students of their pressure.
这些措施能减轻学生们的压力。
③In relief, Daisy burst into laughter.
黛西如释重负，突然笑了起来。
④To his great relief, the engine came to life.
使他感到宽慰的是，发动机又开始转了。
⑤It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
长期的干旱之后有雨是一大慰藉。
单句语法填空
①It was ________ great relief to find that my family were all safe.
②Behind me I could hear the other girls sigh in ________ (relieve)．
③______ her relief, her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
a
relief
To
4 devotion n. 奉献(教材P51)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I know what a mother's devotion to her children means.
我知道母亲对子女的疼爱意味着什么。
②As a student, you should devote yourself to your studies.
作为一名学生，你应该专心于学习。
③When you can drag him away from his work, he can also be a devoted father.
如果你能把他硬从工作中拉回来，他也会是个尽心尽责的父亲。
名师点津
上述所有短语中，to均为介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
单句语法填空
①I'm deeply moved by his _________ (devote) to the cause of education.
②Her son, ______ whom she was devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
③Our Party has always devoted great attention to ________ (raise) the living standard of the working people.
devotion
to
raising
1 Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine．(教材P50)艾玛和我在办公室用了一个小时交接日常工作。
剖析 talking me through the daily routine是现在分词短语作状语。
归纳拓展
①Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.(原因状语)
因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师寻求帮助。
②He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. (结果状语)
他把玻璃杯弄掉了，结果把杯子摔得粉碎。
③Relying on your parents (＝If you rely on your parents) heavily, you will end up as a failure.(条件状语)
如果过分依赖父母，你终将是个失败者。
④The dog entered the waiting room, following his master. (伴随状语)
这条狗跟着主人进了候车室。
(1)单句语法填空
①They stood there for an hour, __________ (watch) the game.
②Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ________ (cause) the delay.
③___________ (work) hard, you'll succeed sooner or later.
watching
causing
Working
(2)句型转换
①Because she was well taken care of, she recovered quickly.
→________________________， she recovered quickly.
②When he was watching TV, my grandfather fell asleep.
→______________________， my grandfather fell asleep.
③Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
→________________________， he didn't pass the exam.
Being well taken care of
When watching TV
Though he studied hard
2 As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us. (教材P50～51)她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。
剖析 as意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。
归纳拓展
①As the deadline came near, I worked harder.
随着截止日期的来临，我工作得更勤奋了。
②As spring comes, everything comes to life.
＝With spring coming, everything comes to life.
随着春天的到来，万物复苏。
(1)单句语法填空
①________ she grows up, she becomes more beautiful.
②________ time went by, we saw less and less of each other.
(2)一句多译
随着时间的流逝，我们渐渐变老。
__________________， we are getting older.
＝____________________， we are getting older.
As
As
As time goes by
With time going by
3 But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles. (教材P51)不过，虽然死亡率极高，但是我们永远不会放弃一个患者，何况我们的努力有时真的会产生奇迹。
剖析 do在句中起强调作用。
归纳拓展
①I do hope you'll stay here a little longer.
我确实希望你在这里多待一会儿。
②It does come down to the preschool rules Elizabeth mentioned.
这确实可以归结为伊丽莎白提到的学前教育规则。
③Teachers think I didn't study hard, but I did study hard.
老师们认为我不努力学习，但我确实努力了。
④I myself will see her off at the station.
我将亲自到车站为她送行。
⑤Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops.
只有这样我们才能消灭敌军。
⑥It is his mother who he is thinking of.
他现在正在思念的是他的母亲。
名师点睛
do/does/did用在动词之前，起强调作用，常意为“的确，真的”。通常用于一般过去时和一般现在时的肯定句中，也可用于祈使句中。
(1)单句语法填空
①We don't know she ________ hate using a mobile phone.
②________ be quiet; I told you I had a headache.
(2)单句表达
昨天下午他确实去那个公园散步了。
He __________________ for a walk yesterday afternoon.
does
Do
did go to the park
课堂效果检测
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．The results implicate poor hygiene as one cause of the __________ (爆发)．
2．The teacher's selfless ________ (奉献) to the cause of education is well known.
3．Most importantly, clean and ________ (为……消毒) your contact lenses as directed once a day.
4．________ (统计数据) show that 50% of new businesses fail in their first year.
5．She dialed the number and asked for the ________ (病房)．
outbreak
devotion
disinfect
Statistics
ward
6．The civilization of m________ has taken thousands of years to develop.
7．The fence marks the b________ between my property and hers.
8．The first reason to t________ these problems is to save children's lives.
9．She resembles her t________ sister in appearance but not in character.
10．Drugs can r________ much of the pain.
ankind
oundary
ackle
win
elieve
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．A healthy diet should help your body resist ___________ (infectious)．
2．Nothing can compensate ________ the loss of one's health.
3．___________ (follow) the teacher's suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.
4．We ________ know why he's gone, but at present I can't tell you about it.
5．Enough sleep is vital ________ the students' well being and health.
infection
for
Following
do
for/to
6．Only if you devote ________ (you) to your studies can you pass the test.
7．If Mr Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible ___________ (assist) to the people there.
8．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ (relieve) from this medicine.
9．These are among the five richest countries in the world, so ________ is right that they should do so.
10．________ time went by, the boy came to realize his mistakes.
yourself
assistance
relief
it
As
step into sb's shoes; not to mention; make a full recovery; be involved in; take chances
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．We mustn't ______________. We'd better play safe.
2．When Mr Jones retires, it is likely that his son will __________________．
3．It took my father three months to ___________________ after the operation.
4．Both the teachers and parents should ________________ the education of the children.
5．We're too busy to take a long holiday this year, ______________ the fact that we can't afford it.
take chances
step into his shoes
make a full recovery
be involved in
not to mention
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．长时间等待实在无聊，我们就打扑克来缓解无聊。
We played cards to ________________________ the long wait.
2．个体经营者要准确记录账目，这十分重要。
______________ you keep accurate records when you are self employed.
3．据报道，在这场地震中有16人遇难。
________________ 16 people were killed in the earthquake.
4．过马路时一定要小心。(对祈使句的强调)
______________ while walking across the street.
5．随着语言能力不断发展，孩子开始把更多的词语连起来。(as 引导时间状语从句)
___________________， the child starts to string more words together.
relieve the boredom of
It is vital that
It is reported that
Do be careful
As speech develops
课后课时作业
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ 完形填空
Born in the United States, I, with black hair and yellow skin, am an American. Yes, I am a US citizen. Yet I __1__ early in my childhood that I was very different.
It wasn't until __2__ in the early years of primary school that I noticed this difference. Some kids in my class asked me __3__ I could speak Chinese. It seemed strange to me that they would be interested in this part of my __4__. I answered “yes” and expected them to say nothing else about it.
To my surprise, they were __5__ to hear me say something in Chinese. When I did so, they said, “Wow, that's cool！” I had always thought of it as just a strange __6__ that came from China.
I __7__ what had happened that day when I got home. I went into the bathroom to wash my hands as I usually did. I looked myself in the mirror—the same face was __8__ from that morning, but it didn't __9__ the same to me. For the first time, I felt different from the others in my __10__．
That day I discovered a part of my life that was __11__—in culture and tradition—from the one I was __12__．
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了身为美籍华人的作者在上小学时，认识到自己和班上的其他人不一样。作者认为我们都有自己的信仰、观点、传统和生活方式，人们应该彼此尊重。
Now I know that we must all remember our __13__， but we must also continue to explore, realizing that __14__ is different, with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles. Recognizing these differences should __15__ respect for one another.
1．A.deserved B．discovered
C.impressed D．proved
2．A.one moment B．one evening
C.one day D．one year
解析：句意：然而，我在童年时就发现自己与别人很不一样。deserve 值得；discover 发现；impress 使印象深刻；prove 证明。故选B。
解析：根据后文“I __7__ what had happened that day when I got home.”可知，直到上小学的某一天，作者才注意到这种差异。故选C。
3．A.why B．how
C.when D．if
4．A.life B．manuscript
C.secret D．program
解析：句意：我班上的一些孩子问我是否会说中文。此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用if。故选D。
解析：句意：我觉得很奇怪，他们会对我生活的这一部分感兴趣。life 生活；manuscript 手稿；secret 秘密；program 项目。故选A。
5．A.critical B．amused
C.appreciative D．eager
6．A.tradition B．comment
C.language D．reply
解析： critical 批评的；amused 有趣的；appreciative 欣赏的；eager 渴望的。根据后文“to hear me say something in Chinese”可知，其他孩子渴望听到作者用中文说话。be eager to do sth “渴望做某事”。故选D。
解析：句意：我一直认为它只是一种来自中国的奇怪语言。tradition 传统；comment 评论；language 语言；reply 回答。故选C。
7．A.wrote down B．thought about
C.talked about D．forgot about
8．A.out B．up
C.next D．there
解析：句意：我回到家，想着那天发生的事。write down 写下；think about 思考；talk about 谈论；forget about 忘记。故选B。
解析： out 离开；up 向(较高位置)；next 靠近；there 在那儿。此处指“in the mirror”应用there。故选D。
9．A.maintain B．seem
C.act D．burst
10．A.family B．class
C.team D．association
解析： maintain 保持；seem 似乎；act 行动；burst 爆炸。此处指经过了在学校给其他孩子说中文的事情，作者觉得似乎自己有一些不一样了。故选B。
解析： family 家庭；class 班级；team 队伍；association 社团。根据前文“Some kids in my class”可知，作者与班上的其他孩子不一样。此处为class的原词复现。故选B。
11．A.different B．delighted
C.worthy D．valuable
12．A.persevering B．expecting
C.living D．probing
解析：根据前文“For the first time, I felt different from the others in my __10__．”可知，作者发现了生活中不同的一部分。故选A。
解析：根据前文“That day I discovered a part of my life”可知，此处指与作者现在过着的生活所不同的一部分。故选C。
13．A.blessings B．spots
C.concepts D．roots
14．A.nobody B．nothing
C.everyone D．everything
解析：根据后文“with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles”可知，作者意识到每个人要记住自己的根。故选D。
解析：根据后文“with our own beliefs, opinions, traditions and lifestyles”可知，作者认识到每个人都是不同的，每个人都有自己的信仰、观点、传统和生活方式。故选C。
15．A.lead to B．stick to
C.devote to D．refer to
解析： lead to 导致；stick to 坚持；devote to 致力于；refer to 参考。根据后文“respect for one another”可知，认识到彼此之间的差异应该导致相互尊重。故选A。
Ⅱ 阅读
A
Thanksgiving is almost here, which means many families are getting ready to enjoy a tradition that goes back hundreds of years: baking and eating delicious pie. Two classic desserts will battle it out at holiday tables. Is pumpkin pie better than apple pie
Yes—pumpkin is perfect
Three reasons why pumpkin pie is better than apple pie
1.As one of America's first crops, pumpkin has become fall's signature flavor since the early 18th century. Even 300 years ago, Americans knew it was the best pie.
2.With its warm, comforting mix of cinnamon (肉桂), nutmeg (豆蔻), and other spices, delicious pumpkin pie gives you perfect bites that melt in your mouth, which simply can't be beaten.
3.As a bonus, pumpkins are packed full of vitamins and nutrients that are good for your body. So cut a perfectly shaped slice of pumpkin goodness and dig in.
No—apple pie all the way
Three reasons why pumpkin pie is not better than apple pie
1.Apple pie is just about as old as our country and even appeared in America's first cookbook. Have you heard the expression “It's as American as apple pie”？ No one says that about pumpkin pie!
2.There are countless variations on the classic, with different spices and flavorings, dried fruits and nuts, and different crusts (酥皮). Apple pie is the clear winner for people who love the balance of fruit and buttery pie crust.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。作者在文章中主要列出了南瓜派和苹果派的优点，旨在收集读者对于南瓜派和苹果派之争的投票。
3.To quote another expression, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” That means apples are nutritious and help keep us healthy.
Now that you've read a bit more about this issue, click here to vote in our debate. Vote YES if you think pumpkin pie is better than apple pie or NO if you don't. We'll publish the results next week.
1．What do pumpkin pie and apple pie have in common
a．They are full of nutrients.
b．They have similar flavor.
c．They have deep roots in America.
A．ab B．bc
C．ac D．abc
解析：细节理解题。根据Yes—pumpkin is perfect部分中的“pumpkin has become ... early 18th century”“pumpkins are packed ... for your body”和No—apple pie all the way部分中的“Apple pie is just about ... in America's first cookbook.”“apples are nutritious and help keep us healthy”可知，两者都在美国有着深厚的根基，并且都营养丰富。故选C。
2．Where can the text be found
A．On a menu. B．On a website.
C．In a magazine. D．In a cookbook.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Now that you've read ... vote in our debate.(既然你已经对这个问题有了更多的了解，那么请点击这里为我们的辩论投票。)”可推知，这篇文章可能来自网站。故选B。
3．What's the purpose of the text
A．To invite readers to vote in a debate.
B．To distinguish pumpkin pie from apple pie.
C．To advertise pumpkin pie is better than apple pie.
D．To encourage baking and eating pie at Thanksgiving.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Now that you've read ... vote in our debate.”可推知，文章的目的是想要读者对南瓜派和苹果派之争进行投票。故选A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular, Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities, while Westerners think the opposite. However, Socrates (Ancient Greek philosopher) and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common; for example, their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good, knowledge; and only one evil, ignorance.” Similarly, Confucius said, “Isn't it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said: “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly, Confucius said, “When you know a thing, to hold you know it; when you don't know a thing, to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However, there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue (德行). Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance, when asked how to govern a country, Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor, a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates, however, places self knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination (支配). Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system, but through virtue. Socrates, by contrast, declared that “nothing is more important than justice”．
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization, however, was nomadic (游牧的). Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
In spite of their differences, the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要在对比东西方两位哲学家思想的不同与共同之处。
4．What do the two philosophers share about knowledge
A．The learning of knowledge is easy.
B．The learning of knowledge is endless.
C．A man without knowledge is foolish.
D．A man shall not pretend to understand.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.(但两者也都承认知识的局限性。苏格拉底说：‘我所知道的就是我一无所知。’孔子也说过：‘知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。’)”可知，两个哲学家都认为知识的学习是无止境的。故选B。
5．Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality
A．Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B．I am not a Chinese, but a citizen of the world.
C．Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D．A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everyone should play ... act like a subject.(每个人都应该在人与人相互依存的社会中发挥自己的作用，以实现整个社会的和谐。例如，当被问及如何治理一个国家时，孔子说：‘皇帝应该像皇帝，臣子应该像臣子。’)”可知，孔子的思想，即“君君，臣臣，父父，子子”，每个人都应该根据自己所处的位置扮演好自己的角色。故选D。
6．What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values
A．The difference in political atmosphere.
B．The difference in the length of history.
C．The difference in economic development.
D．The difference in levels of social dependency.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“A widely accepted theory ... dependent on society after migration. (一个广为接受的理论认为东方文明是一种农业文明。因此，对集体社会和邻里友好关系的需求非常强烈。然而，西方文明是游牧文明。他们的流动性使他们在移民后对社会的依赖程度降低。)”可推知，东西方价值观的差异最本质的原因是社会依赖程度不同。故选D。
7．What is the passage mainly about
A．Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B．The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C．Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D．The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要在对比东西方两位哲学家Confucius (孔子)及Socrates (苏格拉底)思想的不同与共同之处。故选C。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你是李华，得知青少年模拟联合国大会(Model United Nations)现面向高中生征集志愿者，请根据要求写一封申请信。要求如下：
1．组织能力、沟通能力强；
2．英语基础好；
3．有责任感，对国际事务怀有热情。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm Li Hua. I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in Model United Nations.
Being monitor in my class makes me a brilliant organizer and improves my communication skills. Having been learning English for years, I hope I can get the job to put it into practice. Besides, I'm responsible and enthusiastic about international affairs, which will help me cooperate well in a team.
I'd appreciate it if you could give me a chance. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
