Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
重点短语和句子总结
一、重点短语(英文+中文翻译+课本语境示例)
restroom —— 洗手间;厕所(美式口语,尤指公共场合)
(课本语境:Alice asked He Wei, “Could you first tell me where the restrooms are ” 艾丽斯问何伟:“你能先告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?”)
washroom —— 洗手间;卫生间(美式英语,与restroom同义)
(课本语境:He Wei explained, “In China, we normally say ‘toilet’ or ‘washroom’ in English.” 何伟解释道:“在中国,我们用英语说‘toilet’或‘washroom’表示洗手间。’’)
bathroom —— 浴室;洗手间(美式英语,可指家里或公共场合的卫生间)
(课本语境:Alice clarified, “I mean ... a washroom or bathroom.” 艾丽斯澄清说:“我是说……洗手间或者卫生间。”)
excuse me —— 劳驾;打扰一下(用于礼貌询问、引起注意)
(课本语境:Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore 劳驾,你能告诉我怎么去书店吗?)
get some money —— 取钱
(课本语境:The boy asked, “Excuse me, do you know where I can get some money ” 男孩问:“打扰一下,你知道我能在哪里取钱吗?”)
get some magazines —— 买一些杂志
(课本语境:Match “get some magazines” with the place—you can do it in a bookstore. 把“买一些杂志”和地点匹配——你可以在书店做这件事。)
buy a newspaper —— 买一份报纸
(课本语境:A: Where can I buy a newspaper B: There’s a newsstand on the corner of Main Street. A:我在哪里能买报纸?B:主街拐角处有一个报摊。)
buy some stamps —— 买一些邮票
(课本语境:A: Could you tell me where I can buy some stamps B: Sure. The post office is on Center Street. A:你能告诉我哪里能买邮票吗?B:当然,邮局在中心街。)
get a dictionary —— 买一本词典
(课本语境:Peter wanted to get a dictionary, so he asked the clerk for the way to the bookstore. 彼得想买一本词典,于是他向店员询问去书店的路。)
get some information about —— 获取关于……的信息
(课本语境:Tourists often ask the guide to get some information about local attractions. 游客们经常请导游提供一些当地景点的信息。)
turn left/right —— 向左/右转
(课本语境:Go along Main Street and turn right at the first crossing—the bookstore is on your left. 沿着主街走,在第一个十字路口右转——书店就在你的左边。)
go past —— 经过;路过
(课本语境:Go past the bank and then turn left. The post office is next to the library. 路过银行然后左转,邮局就在图书馆旁边。)
on one’s right/left —— 在某人的右边/左边
(课本语境:The supermarket is on your right, between the flower store and the bookstore. 超市在你的右边,在花店和书店之间。)
next to —— 紧挨着;在……旁边
(课本语境:The bookstore is next to the bank, so it’s easy to find. 书店紧挨着银行,所以很容易找到。)
between...and... —— 在……和……之间
(课本语境:The restroom is between the restaurant and the cinema. 洗手间在餐厅和电影院之间。)
go along —— 沿着……走
(课本语境:Go along Center Street until you reach the park. 沿着中心街走,一直走到公园。)
pardon me —— 抱歉;请再说一遍(用于没听清对方的话,比“excuse me”更委婉)
(课本语境:Pardon me, could you please tell me where to park my car 抱歉,你能告诉我哪里可以停车吗?)
ask for information politely —— 礼貌地询问信息
(课本语境:The unit teaches us how to ask for information politely when traveling. 本单元教我们在旅行时如何礼貌地询问信息。)
follow directions —— 听从指示;按照指引走
(课本语境:It’s important to follow directions when someone tells you the way. 当别人给你指路时,按照指引走很重要。)
underground parking lot —— 地下停车场
(课本语境:A: Is there a parking lot near here B: Yes, there’s an underground parking lot over there. A:这附近有停车场吗?B:有,那边有一个地下停车场。)
staff person —— 工作人员
(课本语境:He Wei and Alice walked up to a staff person at the door to ask about the band. 何伟和艾丽斯走到门口的工作人员面前,询问乐队演出的时间。)
rush out of —— 冲出;匆忙跑出
(课本语境:When the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom. 铃声一响,学生们就冲出了教室。)
be in a rush —— 匆忙;赶时间
(课本语境:Don’t be in a rush—you still have 10 minutes to get to the station. 别着急,你还有10分钟到车站。)
direct questions —— 直接疑问句(语气较生硬,不适合礼貌询问)
(课本语境:“Where are the restrooms ” is a direct question, while “Could you tell me where the restrooms are ” is polite. “洗手间在哪里?”是直接疑问句,而“你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?”更礼貌。)
polite requests —— 礼貌请求
(课本语境:Learning to make polite requests is necessary for good communication. 学会提出礼貌请求对良好沟通很有必要。)
二、重点句子(英文+中文翻译+句型解析/课本场景)
(一)礼貌询问地点与路线句型
Excuse me, could you please tell me where the restrooms are
—— 劳驾,你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?
Sure. There’s a restroom down the street.
—— 当然,沿着这条街走就有一个洗手间。
(句型解析:“Could you please tell me where + 主语 + be ” 是礼貌询问地点的核心句型,where引导宾语从句,需用陈述语序;课本Grammar Focus开篇即此句型,是本单元重点。)
Pardon me, do you know where I can buy some stamps
—— 抱歉,你知道我在哪里能买邮票吗?
Yes. You can buy them at the post office on Green Street.
—— 知道,你可以在格林街的邮局买。
(课本场景:对应课本1a“询问地点”的练习,“do you know where I can...” 也是礼貌询问的常用结构,I can 不可缩写为I’ll。)
Excuse me, how can I get to the Central Library
—— 打扰一下,我怎么才能到中央图书馆?
Go along Main Street, turn left at the second crossing, and it’s on your right.
—— 沿着主街走,在第二个十字路口左转,它就在你的右边。
(句型解析:“how can I get to...” 用于询问“如何到达某地”,回答需包含具体路线(go along/turn.../on one’s side),贴合课本2a“听路线填顺序”的听力任务。)
Could you please tell me which way is to the nearest bank
—— 你能告诉我去最近的银行走哪条路吗?
Turn right at the next corner, and you’ll see it—it’s next to the supermarket.
—— 在下个拐角右转,你就能看到它——就在超市旁边。
(课本延伸:课本1c对话中“询问书店位置”的拓展,用“which way is to...” 替换“where is...”,语气更礼貌。)
Do you know if there’s a bookstore around here
—— 你知道这附近有书店吗?
Yes, there’s one on Center Street. It’s between the bank and the restaurant.
—— 知道,中心街有一家,在银行和餐厅之间。
(句型解析:“Do you know if...” 中if引导宾语从句,表“是否”,从句用陈述语序;课本2b听力中“询问超市位置”即此句型的应用。)
(二)询问时间、服务与后续安排句型
Excuse me, do you know when the bookstore closes today
—— 打扰一下,你知道书店今天什么时候关门吗?
It closes at 7:00 p.m. today. You still have an hour.
—— 今天晚上7点关门,你还有一个小时的时间。
(课本场景:源自课本1c对话,“do you know when...” 用于询问时间,when引导宾语从句,贴合“询问商店营业时间”的日常场景。)
Could you tell us when the band starts playing this evening
—— 你能告诉我们乐队今晚什么时候开始演出吗?
It starts at 8:00 p.m. The restaurant is busy then, so come a little earlier.
—— 晚上8点开始,那家餐厅那时人很多,所以早点来。
(课本场景:对应课本3a对话中He Wei向工作人员的询问,“Could you tell us when...” 用于向第三方礼貌询问时间,us体现复数主语。)
Do you know if the art museum is open on Mondays
—— 你知道美术馆周一开放吗?
No, it’s closed on Mondays. It opens from Tuesday to Sunday.
—— 不开放,周一闭馆,周二到周日开放。
(拓展应用:课本65页“询问场所开放时间”的练习,用“if”表“是否”,回答需明确“open/closed”及具体时间范围。)
Pardon me, could you please tell me how to get to the post office
—— 抱歉,你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?
Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there. You can ask the police officer over there.
—— 抱歉,我不确定怎么去,你可以问那边的警察。
(课本场景:源自课本Grammar Focus原句,“could you please tell me how to...” 询问“如何做某事”,how to 后接动词原形,是本单元重点结构。)
I wonder where we should go next—Water World or Animal World
—— 我想知道我们接下来该去哪里——水上世界还是动物世界?
You should try Water World first. The water rides are very exciting.
—— 你们应该先去水上世界,水上乘骑项目非常刺激。
(课本场景:对应课本3a中Alice和He Wei的对话,“I wonder where we should...” 表“我想知道我们应该……”,语气委婉,适合同伴间讨论行程。)
(三)谈论沟通礼仪与语言差异句型
“Where are the restrooms ” is correct, but it sounds less polite than “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ”
—— “洗手间在哪里?”是正确的,但它听起来不如“你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?”礼貌。
(课本场景:源自课本2b短文,解释“直接疑问句”与“礼貌请求”的语气差异,强调“less polite”的对比,贴合单元“礼貌沟通”主题。)
Good speakers change the way they speak in different situations—they use polite language with strangers and casual language with friends.
—— 优秀的沟通者会根据不同场景改变说话方式——对陌生人用礼貌用语,对朋友用随意的表达。
(课本场景:对应课本2b中“根据对象调整语言”的内容,如对老师说“Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know... ” 对同学说“When is the trip ”。)
Polite questions are usually longer. They include expressions like “Could you please... ” or “May I ask... ”
—— 礼貌的问句通常更长,它们会包含“Could you please... ”或“May I ask... ”这样的表达。
(课本解析:课本2b明确提到礼貌问句的特征,如“Could you please tell me your e-mail address ” 比“Tell me your e-mail address.” 更礼貌,体现“长度与礼貌度”的关联。)
Before asking a stranger for help, we can say “Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me” to lead into the request.
—— 在向陌生人求助前,我们可以说“打扰一下,我想知道你是否能帮我”来引出请求。
(课本延伸:课本2b提到“leading into a request”的技巧,避免直接提问的生硬,此处为具体示例,贴合“跨文化沟通”需求。)
In China, people usually say “toilet” or “washroom” instead of “restroom” when they speak English.
—— 在中国,人们说英语时通常用“toilet”或“washroom”,而不是“restroom”。
(课本场景:源自课本2d对话,何伟向艾丽斯解释中式英语中“洗手间”的常用表达,体现“语言使用的地域差异”。)
(四)Grammar Focus核心句型(课本原句+拓展应用)
Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine
—— 劳驾,你知道我在哪里能买到药吗?
Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
—— 当然,沿着这条街有一家超市。
(拓展应用:Excuse me, do you know where I can get a cup of coffee Sure. There’s a café next to the library. 劳驾,你知道我在哪里能买杯咖啡吗?当然,图书馆旁边有一家咖啡馆。)
Could you please tell me how to get to the post office
—— 你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?
Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there.
—— 抱歉,我不确定怎么去那里。
(拓展应用:Could you please tell me how to use this machine Sorry, I’m not sure how to use it. 你能告诉我怎么用这台机器吗?抱歉,我不确定怎么用。)
Could you tell us when the band starts playing this evening
—— 你能告诉我们乐队今晚什么时候开始演出吗?
It starts at 8:00 p.m.
—— 晚上8点开始。
(拓展应用:Could you tell us when the movie starts It starts at 7:30 p.m. 你能告诉我们电影什么时候开始吗?晚上7点半开始。)
I wonder where we should go next.
—— 我想知道我们接下来该去哪里。
You should try that new ride over there.
—— 你们应该试试那边那个新的乘骑项目。
(拓展应用:I wonder where we should have lunch. You should try the Chinese restaurant on Main Street. 我想知道我们该去哪里吃午饭。你们应该试试主街的那家中餐厅。)
Is it impolite to keep others waiting
—— 让别人等待是不礼貌的吗?
Yes, it’s very impolite to keep others waiting.
—— 是的,让别人等待非常不礼貌。
(拓展应用:Is it impolite to talk loudly in the library Yes, it’s very impolite. 在图书馆大声说话是不礼貌的吗?是的,非常不礼貌。)