英语 选择性必修 第二册 WY
Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar & Integrated skills
Grammar (“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”作状语)
①However much I tried, I couldn't work the question out.
②He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how cold it is.
③Whatever difficulties we meet with, we'll never change our minds.
④No matter what you do, try to do it better.
⑤I'll eat whatever you give me.
(1)①②③④句中，“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”都引导____________；⑤句中“疑问词＋ever”引导名词性从句。
(2)①②③④句中，whatever和no matter what两者可以换用；⑤句中的whatever不能替换成____________。
答案：(1)让步状语从句 (2)no matter what
一、“疑问词＋ever”作状语
“疑问词＋ever”作状语，意为“不管/无论……都……”，引导让步状语从句，可以分为两类。
1．疑问代词＋ever
You can turn to the people's police for help, whatever kind of trouble you are in.
无论遇到什么困难，你都可以向人民警察求助。
Whichever country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land.
不论你到哪个国家去旅行，你都应该遵守这个国家的法律。
Come out of there, whoever you are.
不管你是谁，请从那里出来吧。
名师点津 疑问代词＋ever，如whatever, whoever, whichever等，既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
2．疑问副词＋ever
Wherever you go, keep in touch with me, please.
无论你去哪里，请与我保持联络。
Whenever you come, you will be warmly welcomed.
无论你什么时候来，都会受到热烈欢迎。
名师点津 “疑问副词＋ever”只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
用“疑问词＋ever”填空
①________ far away we are, we feel close to each other.
②________ you finish your story, you will feel a sense of success.
③I'll give the ticket to ________ wants it.
④________ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.
答案：①However ②Whenever ③whoever ④Whoever
二、“no matter＋疑问词”作状语
no matter可以与when, how, what, who等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。也可被替换为whenever, however, whatever, whoever等。
No matter who (＝whoever) asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.
无论谁向她征求建议，她总会帮忙。
It's generally considered unwise to give a child no matter what (＝whatever) he wants.
小孩想要什么就给他什么，这种做法被普遍认为是不明智的。
No matter what (＝Whatever) you say, I won't believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
名师点津 引导让步状语从句时，“no matter＋疑问词”和“疑问词＋ever”可以互换。但引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋ever”。
句型转换
①No matter what happened, he would not mind.
→________________， he would not mind.
②However cold it is, he always goes swimming.
→________________________， he always goes swimming.
答案：①Whatever happened ②No matter how cold it is
Vocabulary
1 react v. (作出)反应(教材P88)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I shouted at her, but she didn't react at all.
我向她大声喊叫，但她毫无反应。
②You can't change what happened, but you can change how you react to it.
你不能改变已经发生的事，但可以改变你对它的反应。
③Children usually react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子们往往通过违背父母意愿来反抗他们。
④A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the company's recent losses.
一位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作出的反应。
(1)单句语法填空
①The chemistry teacher shows us how iron reacts ________ air and water.
②The government soon reacted ________ all the illegal strikes.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong ________ (react)．
④The rise of the charge of water and electricity will react ________ living expenses.
答案：①with ②against ③reaction ④on/upon
(2)单句表达
当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。
Local residents have ____________________________________．
答案：reacted angrily to the news
2 get rid of 摆脱，除去(教材P89)
归纳拓展
①You should get rid of the bad habits.
你应该改掉坏习惯。
②She wants to be rid of her parents and their authority.
她想摆脱父母及其权威的束缚。
③She is trying to rid herself of a dependence on drugs.
她在努力摆脱对药物的依赖。
名师点津 (1)在rid ... of短语中，rid为动词，后跟sb或somewhere作宾语，指“使某人摆脱”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”。 (2)类似rid ... of结构的短语还有： ①rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物 ②warn sb of sth 警告某人某事 ③remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 ④inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 ⑤cure sb of sth 治愈某人的病
单句表达
①他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。
He wanted to ____________________ the burden of the secret.
②你可以改变或者对你的情绪视而不见，但是你不可能完全摆脱它们。
You can change or turn a blind eye to your emotions, but you can't ________________ them entirely.
③我们要想尽一切办法让公司摆脱这些债务。
We must try every way to __________________ these debts.
答案：①rid himself of ②get/be rid of ③rid our company of
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．Light hearted and ________ (乐观的), she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
答案：optimistic
2．The laws have led to a reduction in fuel ________ (消耗量) in the US.
答案：consumption
3．The ________ (每月一次的) fee is fixed and there are no hidden extras.
答案：monthly
4．How do other scientists and the public r________ to your research
答案：react
5．All the people in the building were saved, but a f________ lost his life.
答案：firefighter
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Desert plants are adapted to cope ________ extreme heat.
答案：with
2．________ wants to visit the museum, he must ask our teacher for permission.
答案：Whoever
3．Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter ________ they live.
答案：where
4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter ________ hard it is.
答案：how
5．________ he goes, a group of soldiers goes with him.
答案：Wherever
6．________ he entered the small neighborhood library, Lily's eyes lit up and observed his wandering path through the stacks of books.
答案：Whenever
7．The idea has been in my mind for quite a long time that we ourselves are actually responsible for ________ happens in our life.
答案：whatever
8．I'm willing to lend you a hand ________ busy I'm for the moment.
答案：however
9．There has been a mixed ________ (react) to her appointment as director.
答案：reaction
10．Everyone has the right to good medical care regardless ________ their ability to pay.
答案：of
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．无论我什么时候回家，我的父母都等着我。
My parents always waited up for me, __________________________ I got home.
答案：no matter when/whenever
2．我一看到它，就会情不自禁地想起我的朋友。
________________________ I look at it, I couldn't help thinking of my friend.
答案：Whenever/No matter when
3．不管它有多么困难，永远不要放弃。
________________________________ it might be, never give it up.
答案：No matter how/However difficult
4．无论你走哪一条路，都能到达车站。
__________________________ you take, it will lead you to the station.
答案：Whichever/No matter which road
5．现在许多人都有按月支付房贷的困难。
Many people are now having trouble making their ________________________．
答案：monthly house payments
6．不管发生什么事，我都会是你真正的朋友。
I'll be your true friend，__________________________．
答案：no matter what/whatever happens
7．你是如何处理情绪以使自己专注于财务的？
How can you ____________ your emotions so that you can focus on the finances
答案：cope with
8．这些银行还必须尽快摆脱它们在亚洲的贷款。
The banks also had to ________________ their Asian loans in a hurry.
答案：get/be rid of
9．我们必须彻底解决这件事情。
We have to resolve this matter ______________．
答案：once and for all
10．燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
________________________ always increases in cold weather.
答案：Gas and oil consumption
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
“How many of us as children have stared up at a church like top of a giant tree and climbed it in wonder, which is a really special part of our lives？” asks Bill Laurance, a tropical ecologist at James Cook University. “The leaves of big trees in forests are spreading out in all directions. We're faced with organisms that have evolved for long periods of ecological stability.”
“There's a lot to discuss on the issue，” says David Lindenmayer, a conservation ecologist at the Australian National University. “Climate change will mean that, in some forests, big trees won't reach the same sizes they used to.” The effects of climate change, including long droughts, more invasive species and so on increase the simple physical challenges that big trees face in pulling water from their roots to their leaves and withstanding windstorms.
Lindenmayer and Laurance define “large, old trees” as the largest five percent mature trees within a species. The flexible definition means that in some forests, the large, old trees might be only 20 meters tall and 100 years old.
These large, old trees control the surrounding plant communities, affect water and nutrient distribution, and provide food and shelter for wildlife. “They're really the breadbaskets of the forest，” says Laurance. “This is a very environmentally and ecologically important group of organisms, and they need special care and handling.” Determining the distribution and habitat requirements for large, old trees in the landscape is the first step towards ensuring their survival. “We have to ensure that what we're thinking is long term, to match the way these trees have existed for hundreds or even thousands of years，” says Laurance. “It's going to be a real challenge to keep some places where there is still wildlife and the big church like trees that we all really care about.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了古树实际上是森林的粮仓，对环境和生态都非常重要，我们要保护森林巨人。
1．How does the author lead in the topic of the text
A．By definition.
B．By quoting someone's words.
C．By comparison.
D．By drawing some conclusions.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘How many of us ... at James Cook University.”和第二段中的“‘There's a lot to discuss on the issue ... they used to.’”可知，作者通过引用两位生态学家的话来引入文章主题。故选B。
2．What can we learn about big trees from Paragraph 2
A．They have become shorter but thicker.
B．They easily pull water from their roots.
C．They are affected by various factors.
D．They grow taller because of climate change.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The effects of climate change ... withstanding windstorms.”可知，大树受到各种因素的影响。故选C。
3．Which of the following does Laurance want to express in the last paragraph
A．Planting big trees is the first step in forest protection.
B．The plants around control trees' survival.
C．Big trees mainly depend on wildlife for survival.
D．It is necessary to take good care of big trees.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘They're really the breadbaskets ... they need special care and handling.’(‘它们实际上是森林的粮仓，’Laurance (劳伦斯)说。‘这是一类在环境和生态方面非常重要的生物，它们需要特殊的照顾和处理。’)”可推知，Laurance想在最后一段表达的是照顾好大树是必要的。故选D。
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Protect Forest Giants
B．Keep Ecological Stability
C．Deal with Forest: Organisms
D．Fight Against Climate Change
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章说明了古树实际上是森林的粮仓，对环境和生态都非常重要，我们要保护森林巨人。由此可知，A项(保护森林巨人)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
B
Like many people, Stimpson, who is nearly 80, has noticed an alarming loss of wildlife in his lifetime. The clouds of swifts (雨燕) of his childhood have disappeared.
A loss of nesting (筑巢的) sites is driving the decline of swifts in the UK, whose numbers are believed to have dropped by about 57% in 22 years. These birds—which are now on the UK's red list—are site specific, meaning each spring they come back to the same spot after flying thousands of miles from Africa. The problem is that lots of old barns (谷仓) and houses have been upgraded and repaired and nesting sites have disappeared.
Thirteen years ago no one was making swift boxes, so Stimpson started. “I'm not a carpenter (木匠), I'm a salesman, but I thought I'd certainly give it a go，” he says. When he started he could make three a day, now on a really good day he can make 30. “The government and big wildlife organisations don't end up doing much to stop wildlife loss. We seem to have too many pen pushers and not enough workers，” he says. “We could do an awful lot more than we're doing.”
He believes local action groups are much more effective and has been working with a number of them. “The number of swift groups that have started up in the last five to eight years is quite staggering. And they seem to go from strength to strength，” he says.
“Swifts are the one thing where an individual can make a significant difference，” says Dick Newell, from Action for Swifts, who has 66 pairs of nesting swifts in his village of Landbeach in Cambridgeshire, 20 of them nesting on his house.
Newell says developers should put a swift brick in every new building, and he has been working with housebuilding company Taylor Wimpey to make this happen. Exeter city council has started incorporating them into new buildings, as well as the Duchy of Cornwall, and local councils are getting on board. Others are working on bee bricks and hedgehog (刺猬) holes in new developments.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stimpson (斯廷普森)致力于帮助雨燕安家，他还与一些地方行动组织合作，希望能够保护这一野生动物。
5．What led to the swifts' decline in the UK
A．A loss of food.
B．A lack of nesting sites.
C．Their being removed from the red list.
D．Their deaths during their long journey.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A loss of ... in the UK”可知，筑巢地点的丧失导致了英国雨燕数量的减少。故选B。
6．What is Stimpson's attitude towards the practice of the government and big wildlife organisations
A．Curious. B．Satisfied.
C．Tolerant. D．Negative.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The government ... stop wildlife loss.”可知，他认为政府和大型野生动物组织在阻止野生动物灭绝方面做得并不太多，由此可推知，他对政府和大型野生动物组织持否定态度。故选D。
7．What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Misleading. B．Shocking.
C．Confusing. D．Disturbing.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The number of swift groups ... from strength to strength”可知，雨燕的数量在不断增加，所以，雨燕种群上涨的数量是非常惊人的。由此可推知，画线词staggering意为“令人吃惊的”，与shocking同义。故选B。
8．What does Newell advise developers to do
A．Build fewer buildings in rural areas.
B．Increase buildings made of bricks.
C．Include a swift brick in new buildings.
D．Give special attention to bees and hedgehogs.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Newell says ... in every new building”可知，Newell (纽厄尔)建议应该在每栋新建筑中铺设适于雨燕安家的砖块。故选C。
Ⅱ 七选五
Young Alison Teal never rode in a pushchair or played on a swing on the playground. __1__ She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom's back. They traveled the globe staying not at five star hotels but in a six foot wide tent. From mountaintops to jungles, they immersed (沉浸) themselves in local nature and culture.
Between journeys they would return home to quiet part of the Big Island of Hawaii. Her front yard was the ocean, and her friends were dolphins. __2__ Alison would dive into the water and release a sea leaf. A dolphin would catch it on its nose and throw it to the next player. Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison. __3__ She let them take the lead in their interactions. After studying at the University of California, Berkeley and then graduating from a film school, Alison continued her world travels. Her adventurous experience and survival skills landed her a spot on the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and a co contestant had to live on a deserted island for 21 days. Alison's deep knowledge of how to live in a wildness saved the pair. __4__ “After that, I couldn't ignore our plastic problem，” says Alison. “I decided to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.”
Along with sharing her mission with her Instagram followers, the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover. __5__ Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California. Her book, Alison's Adventures: Your Passport to the World, is filled with travel tales and environment lessons. Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth.
A．How did Alison become a filmmaker
B．What was their way of playing catch
C．She launched a line of recycled surfboards.
D．At an early age, she began exploring the world.
E．Therefore, they approached her whenever she was in the water.
F．She was mostly home schooled as the family traveled the globe.
G．But what shocked her was the amount of rubbish that washed up on the shore.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自美国的Alison Teal (艾莉森·蒂尔)从小跟随家人周游世界，当她发现海洋污染这一问题后，决定投身于环保事业。
1．答案：D
解析：根据后文“She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom's back.”可知，Alison Teal很小就跟着家人旅行，D项(在很小的时候，她就开始探索世界。)引出后文。故选D。
2．答案：B
解析：根据后文“Alison would dive into ... to the next player.”可知，此处在描述Alison怎么和海豚玩，B项(他们玩接球的方式是什么？)引出后文。故选B。
3．答案：E
解析：根据前文“Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison.”可知，海豚开始信任Alison。E项(因此，只要她在水里，它们就会靠近她。)承接前文。故选E。
4．答案：G
解析：根据后文“‘After that, I couldn't ... to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.’”可知，她把目标转向了保护海洋，G项(但令她震惊的是冲上岸的垃圾数量。)引出后文。故选G。
5．答案：C
解析：根据前文“the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover”和后文“Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California”可知， 这里主要讲她为保护海洋做出的努力。C项(她推出了一系列可回收冲浪板。)承前启后。故选C。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Many great people in the world devote themselves to __1__ (improve) society in their own ways. For example, Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than lead __2__ comfortable life. For 40 years she __3__ (be) outspoken (直率的) about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of chimps. Lin Qiaozhi, a __4__ (special) in women's diseases, is another woman who has made great __5__ (achieve). There was story after story of no matter __6__ tired after a day's work, she went late at night __7__ (deliver) a baby for a poor family. It was because of her hard work and great consideration for her patients __8__ hundreds of babies were delivered __9__ (safe) by her. A third example is Yuan Longping, the first __10__ (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers can produce many more harvests than before. Therefore, now the UN has more tools in the battle to reduce hunger in the world. In short, so impressive is their work that they all deserve praising and learning from.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上几位致力于改善社会的伟大人物。
1．答案：improving
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上许多伟人都以自己的方式致力于改善社会。devote oneself to doing sth“致力于做某事”。故填improving。
2．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。lead a(n) ... life “过着……的生活”，此处泛指一种舒适的生活，用不定冠词，且comfortable的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
3．答案：has been
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语For 40 years可知，应用现在完成时，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用单数。故填has been。
4．答案：specialist
解析：考查词性转换。句意：林巧稚，女性疾病专家，是另一位取得巨大成就的女性。结合不定冠词a可知，用单数名词specialist(专家)作Lin Qiaozhi的同位语。故填specialist。
5．答案：achievements
解析：考查词性转换。设空前无冠词，用复数名词achievements表示泛指，作宾语。故填achievements。
6．答案：how
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。句意：有一个又一个故事说，不管一天的工作后她有多累，她都会在深夜为一个贫穷的家庭接生。no matter how＋adj.表示“不管多么……”，引导让步状语从句。故填how。
7．答案：to deliver
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to deliver。
8．答案：that
解析：考查强调句型。本句是强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。被强调部分是原因状语because of her hard work and great consideration for her patients，用that。故填that。
9．答案：safely
解析：考查词性转换。副词safely作状语，修饰动词deliver。故填safely。
10．答案：agricultural
解析：考查词性转换。句意：第三个例子是袁隆平，他是世界上第一个种植杂交水稻的农业先锋。形容词agricultural作定语，修饰名词pioneer。故填agricultural。
1(共58张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 6 Survival
Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar & Integrated skills
课前自主预习
精讲课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
课堂效果检测
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课后课时作业
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课前自主预习
Grammar (“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”作状语)
①However much I tried, I couldn't work the question out.
②He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how cold it is.
③Whatever difficulties we meet with, we'll never change our minds.
④No matter what you do, try to do it better.
⑤I'll eat whatever you give me.
(1)①②③④句中，“疑问词＋ever”和“no matter＋疑问词”都引导_______________；⑤句中“疑问词＋ever”引导名词性从句。
(2)①②③④句中，whatever和no matter what两者可以换用；⑤句中的whatever不能替换成________________。
让步状语从句
no matter what
精讲课时语法
一、“疑问词＋ever”作状语
“疑问词＋ever”作状语，意为“不管/无论……都……”，引导让步状语从句，可以分为两类。
1．疑问代词＋ever
You can turn to the people's police for help, whatever kind of trouble you are in.
无论遇到什么困难，你都可以向人民警察求助。
Whichever country you travel to, you should obey the law of the land.
不论你到哪个国家去旅行，你都应该遵守这个国家的法律。
Come out of there, whoever you are.
不管你是谁，请从那里出来吧。
名师点津
疑问代词＋ever，如whatever, whoever, whichever等，既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
2．疑问副词＋ever
Wherever you go, keep in touch with me, please.
无论你去哪里，请与我保持联络。
Whenever you come, you will be warmly welcomed.
无论你什么时候来，都会受到热烈欢迎。
名师点津
“疑问副词＋ever”只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
用“疑问词＋ever”填空
①________ far away we are, we feel close to each other.
②________ you finish your story, you will feel a sense of success.
③I'll give the ticket to ________ wants it.
④________ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.
However
Whenever
whoever
Whoever
二、“no matter＋疑问词”作状语
no matter可以与when, how, what, who等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。也可被替换为whenever, however, whatever, whoever等。
No matter who (＝whoever) asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.
无论谁向她征求建议，她总会帮忙。
It's generally considered unwise to give a child no matter what (＝whatever) he wants.
小孩想要什么就给他什么，这种做法被普遍认为是不明智的。
No matter what (＝Whatever) you say, I won't believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。
名师点津
引导让步状语从句时，“no matter＋疑问词”和“疑问词＋ever”可以互换。但引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋ever”。
句型转换
①No matter what happened, he would not mind.
→__________________， he would not mind.
②However cold it is, he always goes swimming.
→________________________， he always goes swimming.
Whatever happened
No matter how cold it is
Vocabulary
1 react v. (作出)反应(教材P88)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I shouted at her, but she didn't react at all.
我向她大声喊叫，但她毫无反应。
②You can't change what happened, but you can change how you react to it.
你不能改变已经发生的事，但可以改变你对它的反应。
③Children usually react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子们往往通过违背父母意愿来反抗他们。
④A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the company's recent losses.
一位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作出的反应。
(1)单句语法填空
①The chemistry teacher shows us how iron reacts ________ air and water.
②The government soon reacted ________ all the illegal strikes.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong ________ (react)．
④The rise of the charge of water and electricity will react ________ living expenses.
(2)单句表达
当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。
Local residents have ___________________________．
with
against
reaction
on/upon
reacted angrily to the news
2 get rid of 摆脱，除去(教材P89)
归纳拓展
①You should get rid of the bad habits.
你应该改掉坏习惯。
②She wants to be rid of her parents and their authority.
她想摆脱父母及其权威的束缚。
③She is trying to rid herself of a dependence on drugs.
她在努力摆脱对药物的依赖。
名师点津
(1)在rid ... of短语中，rid为动词，后跟sb或somewhere作宾语，指“使某人摆脱”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”。
(2)类似rid ... of结构的短语还有：
①rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
②warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
③remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
④inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
⑤cure sb of sth 治愈某人的病
单句表达
①他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。
He wanted to _________________ the burden of the secret.
②你可以改变或者对你的情绪视而不见，但是你不可能完全摆脱它们。
You can change or turn a blind eye to your emotions, but you can't ______________ them entirely.
③我们要想尽一切办法让公司摆脱这些债务。
We must try every way to __________________ these debts.
rid himself of
get/be rid of
rid our company of
课堂效果检测
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．Light hearted and ________ (乐观的), she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
2．The laws have led to a reduction in fuel ___________ (消耗量) in the US.
3．The ________ (每月一次的) fee is fixed and there are no hidden extras.
4．How do other scientists and the public r________ to your research
5．All the people in the building were saved, but a f________ lost his life.
optimistic
consumption
monthly
eact
irefighter
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Desert plants are adapted to cope ________ extreme heat.
2．________ wants to visit the museum, he must ask our teacher for permission.
3．Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter ________ they live.
4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter ______ hard it is.
5．_________ he goes, a group of soldiers goes with him.
with
Whoever
where
how
Wherever
6．_________ he entered the small neighborhood library, Lily's eyes lit up and observed his wandering path through the stacks of books.
7．The idea has been in my mind for quite a long time that we ourselves are actually responsible for ________ happens in our life.
8．I'm willing to lend you a hand ________ busy I'm for the moment.
9．There has been a mixed ________ (react) to her appointment as director.
10．Everyone has the right to good medical care regardless ________ their ability to pay.
Whenever
whatever
however
reaction
of
Ⅲ.单句表达
1．无论我什么时候回家，我的父母都等着我。
My parents always waited up for me, __________________________ I got home.
2．我一看到它，就会情不自禁地想起我的朋友。
________________________ I look at it, I couldn't help thinking of my friend.
3．不管它有多么困难，永远不要放弃。
________________________________ it might be, never give it up.
4．无论你走哪一条路，都能到达车站。
___________________________ you take, it will lead you to the station.
5．现在许多人都有按月支付房贷的困难。
Many people are now having trouble making their _______________________．
no matter when/whenever
Whenever/No matter when
No matter how/However difficult
Whichever/No matter which road
monthly house payments
6．不管发生什么事，我都会是你真正的朋友。
I'll be your true friend，____________________________．
7．你是如何处理情绪以使自己专注于财务的？
How can you ____________ your emotions so that you can focus on the finances
8．这些银行还必须尽快摆脱它们在亚洲的贷款。
The banks also had to ________________ their Asian loans in a hurry.
9．我们必须彻底解决这件事情。
We have to resolve this matter ______________．
10．燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
________________________ always increases in cold weather.
no matter what/whatever happens
cope with
get/be rid of
once and for all
Gas and oil consumption
课后课时作业
较易题(占比50%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ 阅读
A
“How many of us as children have stared up at a church like top of a giant tree and climbed it in wonder, which is a really special part of our lives？” asks Bill Laurance, a tropical ecologist at James Cook University. “The leaves of big trees in forests are spreading out in all directions. We're faced with organisms that have evolved for long periods of ecological stability.”
“There's a lot to discuss on the issue，” says David Lindenmayer, a conservation ecologist at the Australian National University. “Climate change will mean that, in some forests, big trees won't reach the same sizes they used to.” The effects of climate change, including long droughts, more invasive species and so on increase the simple physical challenges that big trees face in pulling water from their roots to their leaves and withstanding windstorms.
Lindenmayer and Laurance define “large, old trees” as the largest five percent mature trees within a species. The flexible definition means that in some forests, the large, old trees might be only 20 meters tall and 100 years old.
These large, old trees control the surrounding plant communities, affect water and nutrient distribution, and provide food and shelter for wildlife. “They're really the breadbaskets of the forest，” says Laurance. “This is a very environmentally and ecologically important group of organisms, and they need special care and handling.” Determining the distribution and habitat requirements for large, old trees in the landscape is the first step towards ensuring their survival. “We have to ensure that what we're thinking is long term, to match the way these trees have existed for hundreds or even thousands of years，” says Laurance. “It's going to be a real challenge to keep some places where there is still wildlife and the big church like trees that we all really care about.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了古树实际上是森林的粮仓，对环境和生态都非常重要，我们要保护森林巨人。
1．How does the author lead in the topic of the text
A．By definition.
B．By quoting someone's words.
C．By comparison.
D．By drawing some conclusions.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘How many of us ... at James Cook University.”和第二段中的“‘There's a lot to discuss on the issue ... they used to.’”可知，作者通过引用两位生态学家的话来引入文章主题。故选B。
2．What can we learn about big trees from Paragraph 2
A．They have become shorter but thicker.
B．They easily pull water from their roots.
C．They are affected by various factors.
D．They grow taller because of climate change.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The effects of climate change ... withstanding windstorms.”可知，大树受到各种因素的影响。故选C。
3．Which of the following does Laurance want to express in the last paragraph
A．Planting big trees is the first step in forest protection.
B．The plants around control trees' survival.
C．Big trees mainly depend on wildlife for survival.
D．It is necessary to take good care of big trees.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘They're really the breadbaskets ... they need special care and handling.’(‘它们实际上是森林的粮仓，’Laurance (劳伦斯)说。‘这是一类在环境和生态方面非常重要的生物，它们需要特殊的照顾和处理。’)”可推知，Laurance想在最后一段表达的是照顾好大树是必要的。故选D。
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．Protect Forest Giants
B．Keep Ecological Stability
C．Deal with Forest: Organisms
D．Fight Against Climate Change
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章说明了古树实际上是森林的粮仓，对环境和生态都非常重要，我们要保护森林巨人。由此可知，A项(保护森林巨人)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
B
Like many people, Stimpson, who is nearly 80, has noticed an alarming loss of wildlife in his lifetime. The clouds of swifts (雨燕) of his childhood have disappeared.
A loss of nesting (筑巢的) sites is driving the decline of swifts in the UK, whose numbers are believed to have dropped by about 57% in 22 years. These birds—which are now on the UK's red list—are site specific, meaning each spring they come back to the same spot after flying thousands of miles from Africa. The problem is that lots of old barns (谷仓) and houses have been upgraded and repaired and nesting sites have disappeared.
Thirteen years ago no one was making swift boxes, so Stimpson started. “I'm not a carpenter (木匠), I'm a salesman, but I thought I'd certainly give it a go，” he says. When he started he could make three a day, now on a really good day he can make 30. “The government and big wildlife organisations don't end up doing much to stop wildlife loss. We seem to have too many pen pushers and not enough workers，” he says. “We could do an awful lot more than we're doing.”
He believes local action groups are much more effective and has been working with a number of them. “The number of swift groups that have started up in the last five to eight years is quite staggering. And they seem to go from strength to strength，” he says.
“Swifts are the one thing where an individual can make a significant difference，” says Dick Newell, from Action for Swifts, who has 66 pairs of nesting swifts in his village of Landbeach in Cambridgeshire, 20 of them nesting on his house.
Newell says developers should put a swift brick in every new building, and he has been working with housebuilding company Taylor Wimpey to make this happen. Exeter city council has started incorporating them into new buildings, as well as the Duchy of Cornwall, and local councils are getting on board. Others are working on bee bricks and hedgehog (刺猬) holes in new developments.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stimpson (斯廷普森)致力于帮助雨燕安家，他还与一些地方行动组织合作，希望能够保护这一野生动物。
5．What led to the swifts' decline in the UK
A．A loss of food.
B．A lack of nesting sites.
C．Their being removed from the red list.
D．Their deaths during their long journey.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A loss of ... in the UK”可知，筑巢地点的丧失导致了英国雨燕数量的减少。故选B。
6．What is Stimpson's attitude towards the practice of the government and big wildlife organisations
A．Curious. B．Satisfied.
C．Tolerant. D．Negative.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The government ... stop wildlife loss.”可知，他认为政府和大型野生动物组织在阻止野生动物灭绝方面做得并不太多，由此可推知，他对政府和大型野生动物组织持否定态度。故选D。
7．What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Misleading. B．Shocking.
C．Confusing. D．Disturbing.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The number of swift groups ... from strength to strength”可知，雨燕的数量在不断增加，所以，雨燕种群上涨的数量是非常惊人的。由此可推知，画线词staggering意为“令人吃惊的”，与shocking同义。故选B。
8．What does Newell advise developers to do
A．Build fewer buildings in rural areas.
B．Increase buildings made of bricks.
C．Include a swift brick in new buildings.
D．Give special attention to bees and hedgehogs.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Newell says ... in every new building”可知，Newell (纽厄尔)建议应该在每栋新建筑中铺设适于雨燕安家的砖块。故选C。
Ⅱ 七选五
Young Alison Teal never rode in a pushchair or played on a swing on the playground. __1__ She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom's back. They traveled the globe staying not at five star hotels but in a six foot wide tent. From mountaintops to jungles, they immersed (沉浸) themselves in local nature and culture.
Between journeys they would return home to quiet part of the Big Island of Hawaii. Her front yard was the ocean, and her friends were dolphins. __2__ Alison would dive into the water and release a sea leaf. A dolphin would catch it on its nose and throw it to the next player. Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison. __3__ She let them take the lead in their interactions. After studying at the University of California, Berkeley and then graduating from a film school, Alison continued her world travels. Her adventurous experience and survival skills landed her a spot on the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and a co contestant had to live on a deserted island for 21 days. Alison's deep knowledge of how to live in a wildness saved the pair. __4__ “After that, I couldn't ignore our plastic problem，” says Alison. “I decided to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.”
Along with sharing her mission with her Instagram followers, the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover. __5__ Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California. Her book, Alison's Adventures: Your Passport to the World, is filled with travel tales and environment lessons. Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth.
A．How did Alison become a filmmaker
B．What was their way of playing catch
C．She launched a line of recycled surfboards.
D．At an early age, she began exploring the world.
E．Therefore, they approached her whenever she was in the water.
F．She was mostly home schooled as the family traveled the globe.
G．But what shocked her was the amount of rubbish that washed up on the shore.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自美国的Alison Teal (艾莉森·蒂尔)从小跟随家人周游世界，当她发现海洋污染这一问题后，决定投身于环保事业。
1．答案：D
2．答案：B
解析：根据后文“She saw the view from atop a peak in Peru at just two months old on her mom's back.”可知，Alison Teal很小就跟着家人旅行，D项(在很小的时候，她就开始探索世界。)引出后文。故选D。
解析：根据后文“Alison would dive into ... to the next player.”可知，此处在描述Alison怎么和海豚玩，B项(他们玩接球的方式是什么？)引出后文。故选B。
3．答案：E
4．答案：G
解析：根据前文“Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison.”可知，海豚开始信任Alison。E项(因此，只要她在水里，它们就会靠近她。)承接前文。故选E。
解析：根据后文“‘After that, I couldn't ... to protect our greatest resource, the ocean.’”可知，她把目标转向了保护海洋，G项(但令她震惊的是冲上岸的垃圾数量。)引出后文。故选G。
解析：根据前文“the conservationist gave a TED talk on her discover”和后文“Besides, she helped ban plastic bags in California”可知， 这里主要讲她为保护海洋做出的努力。C项(她推出了一系列可回收冲浪板。)承前启后。故选C。
5．答案：C
Ⅲ 语法填空
Many great people in the world devote themselves to __1__ (improve) society in their own ways. For example, Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than lead __2__ comfortable life. For 40 years she __3__ (be) outspoken (直率的) about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of chimps. Lin Qiaozhi, a __4__ (special) in women's diseases, is another woman who has made great __5__ (achieve). There was story after story of no matter __6__ tired after a day's work, she went late at night __7__ (deliver) a baby for a poor family. It was because of her hard work and great consideration for her
patients __8__ hundreds of babies were delivered __9__ (safe) by her. A third example is Yuan Longping, the first __10__ (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow hybrid rice. Using his hybrid rice, farmers can produce many more harvests than before. Therefore, now the UN has more tools in the battle to reduce hunger in the world. In short, so impressive is their work that they all deserve praising and learning from.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上几位致力于改善社会的伟大人物。
1．答案：improving
2．答案：a
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：世界上许多伟人都以自己的方式致力于改善社会。devote oneself to doing sth“致力于做某事”。故填improving。
解析：考查冠词。lead a(n) ... life “过着……的生活”，此处泛指一种舒适的生活，用不定冠词，且comfortable的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
3．答案：has been
4．答案：specialist
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语For 40 years可知，应用现在完成时，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用单数。故填has been。
解析：考查词性转换。句意：林巧稚，女性疾病专家，是另一位取得巨大成就的女性。结合不定冠词a可知，用单数名词specialist(专家)作Lin Qiaozhi的同位语。故填specialist。
5．答案：achievements
6．答案：how
解析：考查词性转换。设空前无冠词，用复数名词achievements表示泛指，作宾语。故填achievements。
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。句意：有一个又一个故事说，不管一天的工作后她有多累，她都会在深夜为一个贫穷的家庭接生。no matter how＋adj.表示“不管多么……”，引导让步状语从句。故填how。
7．答案：to deliver
8．答案：that
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to deliver。
解析：考查强调句型。本句是强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。被强调部分是原因状语because of her hard work and great consideration for her patients，用that。故填that。
9．答案：safely
10．答案：agricultural
解析：考查词性转换。副词safely作状语，修饰动词deliver。故填safely。
解析：考查词性转换。句意：第三个例子是袁隆平，他是世界上第一个种植杂交水稻的农业先锋。形容词agricultural作定语，修饰名词pioneer。故填agricultural。
