2025 —2026学年八年级英语上学期单元测试卷
Unit 6 When disaster strikes·培优卷
（ 全卷满分120 分，考试时间100 分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项．
1.本试卷分第I 卷（ 选择题） 和第（ 非选择题） 两部分。答卷前， 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后， 用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦十净后，再选涂其他答案标号。与在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第II 卷时， 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力
一、听力（本题有20小题，每小题1分，共计20分）
第一节：听对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。
1．How many people got hurt in the fire
A．Two. B．Five. C．Eight.
2．What does Kate take with her
A．Food. B．Books. C．Clothes.
3．How many people died in the earthquake
A．13. B．15. C．18.
4．Where can’t we hide in an earthquake
A．Under a table. B．Under a bed. C．Under a tree.
5．What was the boy doing at that time
A．Having lunch. B．Staying under a table. C．Watching TV.
听第一段对话，回答各小题。
6．What caused the traffic jam
A．The strong wind. B．The heavy rain. C．The traffic accident.
7．Why did the driver hit the tree according to the man
A．He was so sleepy. B．He drove too fast. C．He was badly ill.
听第二段对话，回答下列小题。
8．How old was David when the earthquake happened
A．Ten years old. B．Thirteen years old. C．Fifteen years old.
9．Who died in the earthquake
A．David’s sister. B．David’s cousin. C．David’s brother.
10．What was David’s brother doing when the earthquake happened
A．Reading a book. B．Watching TV. C．Doing his homework.
你将听到一篇短文。短文后有五个小题，请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
11．What was Susan doing when the rainstorm started
A．Cooking dinner. B．Doing her homework. C．Repairing a clock.
12．Where was Susan’s mother at that time
A．In the bedroom. B．In the kitchen. C．In the living room.
13．Who was reading a newspaper
A．Susan’s father. B．Susan’s grandfather. C．Susan’s grandmother.
14．What does Susan’s brother want to be
A．An artist. B．A teacher. C．A cook.
15．When did the rainstorm stop
A．At 10:20. B．At 13:50. C．At 14:10.
第二节：听短文填空
听下面短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成以下表格，每空填一词。(短文读三遍)
How to fight against the flu in winter
Things to help Reasons
Wash your hands often. This helps you stay away from 16 .
Open the window. It can keep the air 17 .
Keep away from people who are 18 . It can lower your 19 of getting ill.
Do 20 you like. This makes it easier to get you through the hard time.
二、单项选择*（满分15分）
21．The child was so ________ that he held tightly (紧紧地) to his mother’s hand when they came into the house.
A．silent B．scared C．serious D．strict
22．When I saw Daniel yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road.
A．helps B．was helping C．will help D．is helping
23．While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom.
A．were singing B．sang C．are singing D．sings
24．The young man refused ________ the question.
A．answer B．to answer C．answering D．answered
25．—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
—I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony (毕业典礼) at that time.
A．will practise B．have practised C．am practising D．was practising
26．The air ________ smoke, so it’s difficult for people to breathe.
A．is busy with B．is thick with
C．is popular with D．is good with
27．Please ________ the gate behind you to keep the garden safe from wild animals.
A．open B．shut C．break D．clean
28．—Is everything ready for the New Year Party
—I don’t think so. Henry and Hans ________ the room when I met them this morning.
A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating
29．The pads, a kind of electronic equipment (器材) that we can use to read, are smaller and lighter than a ________ book.
A．simple B．single C．thick D．strong
30．Science is important and useful. We should ________ our interest in it.
A．decide B．develop C．design D．depend
31．—Our school plans to create more clubs for students to ________ their hobbies.
—Wow, that’s cool!
A．develop B．stop C．finish D．choose
32．When I went to visit my uncle yesterday, he________ in his garden with his two kids.
A．work B．is working C．was working D．worked
33．—Look! The runner ahead is holding a ________ in the race.
—It’s a symbol of hope and unity (团结).
A．torch B．task C．trailer D．secret
34．The firefighters (消防员) showed amazing ________ when they rushed into the burning building.
A．challenge B．change C．culture D．courage
35．My friend Nora is interested in art and enjoys teaching ________ tie-dyeing.
A．himself B．herself C．themselves D．ourselves
三、完形填空（满分10分）
I am Jonas from China. Last year I met a terrible flood. It 36 raining in July and kept raining for almost a month. The water on the streets got 37 every day. We used boats instead of cars. We lost lots of things. Schools closed and farms were destroyed. We 38 food and clean water. In some places the water was higher than the buildings. I felt like we lived in a (n) 39 world.
Because of the flood, lots of illnesses broke out. Some people died. The soil and other things made the water become very 40 . It was in summer, so hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad. People got ill and hospitals didn’t have enough rooms for 41 .
When the flood was over, I 42 my city. Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very 43 , I think. We started to rebuild our city, take care of the 44 people, and help them out of the hospitals. I just hope that one day, people can 45 the natural disasters effectively whenever they happen.
36．A．started B．finished C．wanted D．liked
37．A．less and less B．higher and higher C．dirtier and dirtier D．cleaner and cleaner
38．A．spent B．lost C．bought D．cost
39．A．fire B．water C．tree D．animal
40．A．white B．fresh C．dirty D．clean
41．A．doctors B．nurses C．patients D．medicine
42．A．looked for B．looked up C．looked around D．looked after
43．A．strong B．weak C．clever D．outgoing
44．A．poor B．sick C．homeless D．careless
45．A．study B．continue C．help D．face
四、阅读理解（本题有15小题, 共30分）
A
Nature sometimes brings disasters, like tsunamis (海啸). A tsunami is a big wave (浪) caused by an earthquake or a volcano under the sea. When a tsunami might come, people get a warning, which is very important. Sensors under the sea can find unusual movements and quickly tell the right departments (部门). These departments then send warnings through radio, TV and mobile phone messages.
In 2004, there was a big tsunami near the Indian Ocean. Some places didn’t get a warning, and many people couldn’t escape. But if people had got the warning, they could have evacuated to safe high places.
After a tsunami, people in the affected (受影响的) areas have many problems. First, it’s important to make sure everyone is safe. Rescue teams look for survivors (幸存者) in the ruins. Then, providing clean water, food and shelter is very important. Slowly, people start to rebuild their homes and businesses. It takes a long time, but with the help of the government and international aid, they can eventually (最终) return to a normal life.
46．What is the most likely meaning of the underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 2
A．Stayed. B．Hid. C．Moved. D．Fought.
47．What is the main topic of this article
A．How tsunamis are formed.
B．The importance of tsunami warnings and the recovery process (恢复过程) after a tsunami.
C．The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
D．How the tsunami warning system works.
48．Which of the following happens first in responding (响应) to a tsunami disaster
A．Rescue teams search for survivors.
B．People get back to their normal lives.
C．Warnings are sent out.
D．Clean water and food are provided.
B
A big sandstorm hit northern China years ago. It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust.
The storm, which came from Mongolia, was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years. Many flights and classes were cancelled (取消) because the visibility (能见度) was lower than 500 metres.
The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia. “There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising. So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms,” said an expert from Beijing.
In recent years, sandstorms haven’t been as common in northern China as before. The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km a year. This is thanks to China’s Three North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s. Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.
Besides, China has a colour-graded weather warning system for sandstorms, with red meaning the most serious, followed by orange and yellow. Therefore, people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorms.
49．What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia
A．Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds.
B．Warm, dry weather and the strong winds.
C．Heavy rainfall and strong winds.
D．High humidity (湿度) and the strong winds.
50．The underlined word “decreasing” means “________”.
A．rising B．remaining C．falling D．wasting
51．When did TNSFP start
A．In the 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1980s. D．In the 1990s.
52．What can we infer from the passage
A．We have taken action to prevent sandstorms.
B．Sandstorms have become more frequent in recent years.
C．The weather warning system is not effective.
D．People are not aware of the sandstorm danger.
C
The ground shook suddenly. Houses moved, and people ran into the streets with scare. With people running around, Zhang Heng stood still, thinking quickly. “There must be a way to know when this will happen,” he thought. He had seen many earthquakes in his life, and each time, people couldn’t do anything. But this time, Zhang Heng decided to find a method.
For days, he could think of nothing else but the earthquake. He was a man who loved science and understood the power of nature. After studying the stars, the sky, and the earth for years, Zhang Heng had an idea—what if there was a machine that could feel earthquakes before they happened
Without wasting any time, Zhang Heng began to work on his invention. He used bronze (青铜) to create a large container with eight dragon heads, each holding a small ball in its mouth. At the bottom of each dragon, he placed a frog. If an earthquake happened, the shaking would cause the ball to fall into the frog's mouth, showing the direction of the earthquake.
Years of hard work passed. In AD 132, Zhang Heng completed the great bronze instrument, yet there was no immediate earthquake to confirm its accuracy. Not until AD 138—more than six years later—did the Seismoscope (地动仪) prove its worth.
On a calm morning, the dragon head pointing west released its ball while Luoyang felt no tremor. Court officials doubted the warning, but several days later, a messenger arrived reporting that Longxi, far to the west, had indeed been struck by a severe earthquake.
Though his name became famous, Zhang Heng never stopped searching for answers. He knew that science was a never-ending journey, and he was always ready for the next challenge.
53．What was Zhang Heng trying to do in the story
A．To build some machines to help people with everyday tasks.
B．To create a container for telling the weather ahead of time.
C．To become famous for his scientific work and inventions.
D．To find a way to warn about earthquakes ahead of time.
54．How did Zhang Heng’s Seismoscope work
A．The eight dragon heads could move slowly to show earthquakes.
B．The shaking from an earthquake made balls fall into frogs’ mouths.
C．It showed the temperature change before an earthquake happened.
D．The machine could tell exactly when an earthquake was happening.
55．What happened in AD 138
A．The Seismoscope did not work at all and failed.
B．The machine showed the earthquake’s direction.
C．The frog opened its mouth and shouted loudly.
D．The invention was damaged during the test.
56．Which of the following best describes Zhang Heng
A．He gave up doing research after becoming famous.
B．He wanted to end his journey of scientific inventions.
C．He always looked for new scientific challenges.
D．He believed that science had solved all problems.
D
Have you ever been to the forest alone or with your friends during your holiday If you go into the forest with your friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do.
Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them find you by staying in one place. What should you do when you are waiting Give your friends or other nearby people a signal (信号) by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help.
Keep up the shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gun shots (枪声). When someone gives such a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.
If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches (树枝). Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grasses.
▲ You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river. But remember don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.
57．If you get lost in the forest, you’d better ________.
A．try your best to find the right way out B．walk around and try to find somebody else
C．stay in one place to wait for somebody for help D．stay in one place and give signals for help
58．You keep up the shouting or whistling three times together ________.
A．to make sure someone else could hear you B．because you can let others follow you
C．to let people know that you need help D．because it is an answer to a call for help
59．Which of the following sentences may be in the place “ ▲ ”
A．How can you get your way back B．What should you do if you need to drink water
C．Do you have to wait there for someone D．Where can you find a river
60．The best title of the passage is ________.
A．Living in A Forest B．How to Get Lost
C．Don’t Go to the Forest D．What to Do When Getting Lost
五、补全对话（满分5分）
阅读下面对话，从下面7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
A: Danny, did you hear about the traffic accident near our school this morning
B: No. What happened
A: 61
B: How did it happen
A: The first car wanted to avoid (躲避) a student crossing the street. It stopped suddenly. 62
B: Did anyone hurt in the accident
A: Yes. 63 She couldn’t move out of the car.
B: 64
A: The driver in the second car. Luckily, he didn’t hurt.
B: 65
A: He was all right, but his face looked pale.
B: Oh! He should be careful when he crosses the street next time.
A．The woman in the first car hurt badly.
B．Don’t ride too fast.
C．Two cars hit together.
D．Who called 120
E．Please stop when you see the red lights.
F．But the second car didn’t stop at once, so they hit together.
G．What about the student
六、完成句子（满分10分）
66．许多学校提供不同的安全课程来教学生如何在危险时刻生存下去。
Many schools to teach students how to survive in times of danger.
67．在了解了那个故事后，同学们意识到了养成好习惯的重要性。
The students good habits after they learned the story.
68．昨天晚上八点我姐姐正在看电视。
My elder sister TV at eight o’clock yesterday evening.
69．我妈妈冲进我的房间把我叫醒了。
My mother my room and woke me up.
70．当他们正在等火车时，一个男孩向他们跑来。
While they for the train, a boy ran up to them.
七、任务型阅读（满分5分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
It was a beautiful day. The clear, blue sky and the cool wind made my reading enjoyable. Everything was quiet and the book in my hands was lovely. Suddenly (突然), I felt my chair moving.
At that moment, I thought to myself, “It is an earthquake.” I was so scared that I ran to my parents. But when I reached them, the earthquake stopped.
My family and I were not in danger and our house was still there. We watched the news about the earthquake. The epicenter (震中) was very close to the city near ours. We felt lucky to be in our city. The earthquake wasn't strong or serious here. After we watched the situation (情形) of that city, I decided to volunteer (自愿) to help those people at once.
I arrived in that city with a few other volunteers. We tried to help the people there. After hours of working, we found a few survivors (幸存者). We quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right. When they met their families, they were so happy. That made me very happy too. However, not everyone had a happy ending. We also found the bodies of those who didn’t make it through the earthquake. And I felt bad when I saw the tears of those people’s families. They lost their homes and family members.
71．What was the writer doing when the earthquake happened
72．What did the writer do when he realized it was an earthquake
73．How was the earthquake in the city the writer lived in
74．What did the writer and other volunteers do after they found the survivors
75．Do you want to be a volunteer like the writer Why or why not
八、短文填空（满分10分）
On January 7, 2025, a strong 6.8-magnitude earthquake struck Dingri County in Tibet. The quake happened at 9:05 a.m. near Cuoguo Township, shaking an area w 76 over 6,900 inhabitants. Sadly, 126 people lost their lives, and 188 were i 77 , including 28 seriously hurt people who needed hospital care.
The earthquake d 78 more than 3,600 homes, especially in villages where old mud-brick houses collapsed. Survivors recalled (回忆) running out of their homes on the cold morning, some still in pajamas. R 79 teams faced many difficulties: freezing temperatures (-18°C), high altitude (4,500 meters), and over 1,000 aftershocks. Oxygen shortages and broken equipment slowed rescue work, while landslides added dangers.
Over 600 rescuers, i 80 firefighters and volunteers, worked day and night. They handed out tents, food, and medicine. Helicopters flew injured people to hospitals, but shelters (避难处) were overcrowded, with 10 families sometimes sharing one tent. Locals showed great courage, villagers saving their animals and firefighters digging through ruins with bare hands. People a 81 China sent warm clothes and supplies to help.
Experts explained that Tibet sits on a major e 82 zone where tectonic plate (地壳构造板块) meet. Many old buildings couldn’t withstand the shaking, l 83 to high casualties (伤亡人数). Leaders stressed the need for stronger houses and better disaster plans in risky a 84 .
This tragedy (悲剧) r 85 us of nature’s power and the importance of preparation. While rebuilding continues, teaching communities about earthquake safety and improving infrastructure (基础设施) will help protect lives in the future.
九、书面表达（满分15分）
86．根据提示完成不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名和姓名。
假设你是学校足球队成员张磊。上周训练时，队友Mike 在比赛中摔倒，手臂疑似骨折且无法活动。作为现场目击者，请你用英文写一篇短文，描述事件经过、你们的急救措施及体会。
提示词语：first aid kit (急救包)，check for breathing (检查呼吸)，support the injury (固定伤处)
内容提示：
·What happened to Mike during the football match
·What did you do to help him
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共11张PPT)
外研版 2024八年级上册
Unit 6 When disaster strikes
单元测试·培优卷 答案
一.听力
1-5：1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5. A
6-10：6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A
11-15：11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
16．illness 17．fresh 18．coughing 19．risk 20．something
一、快速核对
21. B 22. B 23. A 24.B 25.D
26. B 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．B
31．A 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B
二、单项选择
36．A 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D
三、完形填空
第一节
A:46．C 47．B 48．C
B:49．B 50．C 51．B 52．A
c:53．D 54．B 55．B 56．C
D:57．D 58．C 59．B 60．D
四、阅读理解
61．C 62．F 63．A 64．D 65．G
五、补全对话
66．provide/offer different safety program(me)s/courses
67．were aware of the importance of developing
68． was watching
69． rushed into
70． were waiting
六、完成句子
71．He was reading.
72．He ran to his parents.
73．It wasn’t strong or serious.
74．They quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right.
75．Yes, I do. Because I want to help others in need./No, I don’t. Because I’m not old enough to help others in an earthquake.
七、任务型阅读
76．(w)ith 77．(i)njured 78．(d)estroyed 79．(R)escue 80．(i)ncluding 81．(a)round/(a)cross 82．(e)arthquake 83．(l)eading 84．(a)reas 85．(r)eminds
八、短文填空
Last Friday, during our football training session, an accident happened. Mike, my teammate, fell down suddenly in the match, and his arm appeared to be fractured as he couldn’t move it at all. Seeing this, I quickly remembered the first aid knowledge I had learned. I immediately grabbed the first aid kit and rushed to Mike’s side. First, I checked for his breathing to make sure he was okay. Then, I carefully used a bandage from the kit to support the injury, trying not to move his arm too much to avoid further damage. Meanwhile, I asked others to call for medical help. While waiting, I kept talking to Mike to calm him down. This experience taught me the value of first aid knowledge. It’s crucial to know what to do in emergencies, as it can make a big difference in someone’s recovery or even save their life.
九、书面表达Unit 6 When disaster strikes单元测试·培优卷
（ 全卷满分120 分，考试时间100 分钟）
听力部分
一、听力选择
1.__________ 2.___________ 3.___________ 4.___________ 5.___________
6.___________ 7.___________ 8.___________ 9.___________ 10.__________
11.__________ 12.__________ 13.__________ 14.__________ 15.__________
16.__________ 17.__________ 18.__________ 19.__________ 20.__________
笔试部分
二、单项选择
21.__________ 22.__________ 23.__________ 24.__________ 25.__________
26.__________ 27.__________ 28.__________ 29.__________ 30.__________
31.__________ 32.__________ 33.__________ 34. __________ 35.__________
三、完型填空
36.__________ 37.__________ 38.__________39. __________ 40.__________
41.__________42.__________43.__________44.__________45.__________
四、阅读理解
46.__________47.__________48.__________49.__________50.__________
51.__________52.__________ 53.__________54.__________55.__________
56.__________57.__________58.__________ 59.__________60.__________
五、补全对话
61.__________62.__________ 63.__________64.__________65.__________
六、完成句子
66.__________
67.__________
68._________
69.__________
70.__________
七、任务型阅读
71.__________
72.__________
73._________
74.__________
75.__________
八、短文填空
76.__________77.__________78.__________79.__________80.__________
81.__________82.__________83.__________84.__________85.__________
九、86.书面表达
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2025 —2026学年八年级英语上学期单元测试卷
Unit 6 When disaster strikes·培优卷
（ 全卷满分120 分，考试时间100 分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项．
1.本试卷分第I 卷（ 选择题） 和第（ 非选择题） 两部分。答卷前， 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后， 用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦十净后，再选涂其他答案标号。与在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第II 卷时， 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B C A C A C B A B A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25
答案 B B C A C B B A B D
题号 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案 B B D C B A C A D B
题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 A B B B C C C A B D
题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 C B C B C B A D B B
题号 56 57 58 59 60
答案 C D C B D
1．B
【原文】A: A fire happened in a factory on North Street.
B: Yes, 5 men got hurt. It took the firemen over 2 hours to put it out.
2．C
【原文】A: Why do you take so many things, Kate
B: I saw the news on TV that there was an earthquake in the countryside last week. Many people are homeless, so I want to give them these clothes to help them.
3．A
【原文】A: What bad news! An earthquake happened in that city.
B: Yes. 13 people died and 158 people were hurt in this earthquake.
4．C
【原文】A: Where should we hide in an earthquake
B: Under a table or a bed. But we can’t hide under a tree.
5．A
【原文】A: I heard that a terrible earthquake struck your city. Are you okay
B: Yes, I’m okay. I was having lunch when it happened.
6．C 7．B
【原文】A: Look, Davis, there is a traffic jam in the front.
B: Let’s take another way.
A: Oh, terrible. The heavy snow often causes traffic jams.
B: Wait, it’s not only a traffic jam but also an accident.
A: A traffic accident
B: Yes, I think so. Look, the truck hit a big tree.
A: I think that’s because the driver drove too fast to stop.
B: I hope the driver isn’t hurt seriously.
A: Look, he is inside the truck and he can’t move.
B: Let’s park our car here and go to see if we can help.
A: No need. We can just call the police and 120 for help.
8．A 9．B 10．A
【原文】A: Earthquakes always happen suddenly.
B: Yes, that’s right. I experienced a terrible earthquake when I lived in the countryside.
A: Really How old were you at that time, David
B: 10 years old.
A: Did anyone in your village die in the earthquake
B: Yes, 13 people died, including my cousin.
A: Sorry to hear that. What were you doing when the earthquake happened
B: Oh, my cousin was doing his homework, my brother was reading a book, and I was watching TV.
11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【原文】
It was a Sunday. Susan was at home with her family. While she was doing her homework in her room, a sudden rainstorm came. The rain poured down. At that time, Susan’s mother was cooking something delicious for the family. Her father was repairing an alarm clock. Her grandfather was watching a talk show in the living room while her grandmother was reading a newspaper. Susan has a younger brother. As the rain beat against the windows, he was in his room, drawing a tower. He dreams of becoming an artist in the future. The rain finally stopped at 10 past 2 in the afternoon. Then the whole family went outside to clean up the yard. They also enjoyed some fresh air.
16．illness 17．fresh 18．coughing 19．risk 20．something
【原文】
Are you fighting hard against the flu in winter Here are a few simple things to help.
First of all, wash your hands often. This helps you stay away from illness. Second, open the window often. If you do so, it can keep the air fresh. You will feel better. Third, keep away from people who are coughing. You can lower your risk of getting ill. Last but not least, do something you like. You can try something relaxing like walking or listening to music. This makes it easier to get you through the hard time.
21．B
当他们进屋时，孩子非常害怕，紧紧地抓着母亲的手。
考查形容词辨析。silent沉默的；scared惊恐的；serious严肃的；strict严厉的。根据“that he held tightly (紧紧地) to his mother’s hand when they came into the house.”可知，孩子很害怕。故选B。
22．B
昨天当我看到丹尼尔时，他正在帮助一位老人过马路。
考查动词时态。根据“When I saw Daniel yesterday”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，表示从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，且从句是一般过去时，所以主句用过去进行时。故选B。
23．A
当我们正在唱英语歌时，一些访客走进了我们的教室。
考查动词的时态。were singing是过去进行时；sang是一般过去时；are singing是现在进行时；sings是一般现在时第三人称单数形式。分析句子可知，while引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态，根据主句中“came”可知，主句是一般过去时，所以从句应用过去进行时（was/were+动词现在分词），表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。故选A。
24．B
这个年轻人拒绝回答问题。
考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里需要用动词不定式to answer。故选B。
25．D
——海伦，昨天下午五点钟我在教室里没见到你。——那时我正在为毕业典礼练习唱歌。
考查过去进行时。根据“at five yesterday afternoon”和“at that time”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选D。
26．B
空气里弥漫着烟雾，所以人们很难呼吸。
考查形容词短语辨析。is busy with忙于……；is thick with充满，弥漫着；is popular with受……欢迎；is good with善于应付……，和……相处得好。根据下文“it’s difficult for people to breathe”可知，人们很难呼吸，所以此处是指空气里充满烟雾，应用“is thick with”。故选B。
27．B
请关上你身后的门，以保护花园免受野生动物的侵害。
考查动词辨析。open打开；shut关闭；break打破；clean清理。根据“the gate behind you to keep the garden safe from wild animals.”可知，为了保护花园安全，需要关闭门防止动物进入，故选B。
28．D
——新年派对的所有东西都准备好了吗？——我不这么认为。今天早上我遇到亨利和汉斯时，他们正在装饰房间。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“when I met them this morning.”可知，此处表示今天早上遇到他们时，他们正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were doing”的形式，主语是“Henry and Hans”两个人，be动词用were。故选D。
29．C
平板电脑，一种我们可以用来阅读的电子器材，比一本厚书更小、更轻。
考查形容词词义辨析。simple简单的；single单一的；thick厚的；strong强壮的。根据“are smaller and lighter than”可知，此句是用平板电脑在大小和重量上与一本厚书比较。故选C。
30．B
科学是重要且有用的。我们应该培养对它的兴趣。
考查动词词义辨析。decide决定；develop培养；design设计；depend依靠。根据“We should…our interest in it”可知是培养对科学的兴趣，“develop interest”表示“培养兴趣”，为常见搭配。故选B。
31．A
——我们学校计划为学生创建更多俱乐部来发展他们的兴趣。——哇，那太酷了！
考查动词辨析。develop发展；stop停止；finish完成；choose选择。根据“to create more clubs for students to ...their hobbies”可知，此处表示“发展兴趣”，应选develop。故选A。
32．C
昨天我去看叔叔的时候，他正在花园里和他的两个孩子一起干活。
考查动词时态。work工作，动词原形；is working工作，现在进行时；was working工作，过去进行时；worked工作，一般过去时。根据“When I went to visit my uncle yesterday”可知，此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语he是第三人称单数，所以用was working。故选C。
33．A
——看！前面的赛跑者正举着一个火炬在比赛中。——它是希望和团结的象征。
考查名词辨析。torch火炬；task任务；trailer拖车；secret秘密。根据“It’s a symbol of hope and unity (团结).”可知，火炬是希望和团结的象征。故选A。
34．D
消防员在冲进燃烧的建筑物时展示了惊人的勇气。
考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；change改变；culture文化；courage勇气。根据“when they rushed into the burning building.”可知，消防员冲进火场的行为需要勇敢精神，故选D。
35．B
我的朋友Nora对艺术感兴趣，并且喜欢自学扎染。
考查反身代词。himself他自己；herself她自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。主语Nora是女性，故反身代词需用herself。故选B。
36．A 37．B 38．B 39．B 40．C 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D
本文主要讲述了作者经历的一场洪水灾害，包括其对生活造成的巨大影响、人们面对的困境以及灾后重建的决心和希望。
36．七月开始下雨，几乎持续了一个月。
started开始；finished完成；wanted想要；liked喜欢。根据“raining in July and kept raining for almost a month”可知，雨是从七月开始下的。故选A。
37．街道上的水位每天都在上升。
less and less越来越少；higher and higher越来越高；dirtier and dirtier越来越脏；cleaner and cleaner越来越干净。根据“We used boats instead of cars.”可知，水位不断上升。故选B。
38．我们失去了食物和干净的水。
spent花费，主语为人；lost失去；bought购买；cost花费，主语为物。根据前文描述的洪水影响可知，此处指失去了食物和干净水的供应。故选B。
39．我感觉我们生活在一个水世界里。
fire火；water水；tree树；animal动物。根据“In some places the water was higher than the buildings.”可知，洪水泛滥，感觉生活在水中。故选B。
40．土壤和其他物质使水变得非常脏。
white白色的；fresh新鲜的；dirty脏的；clean干净的。根据下文“so hot weather and dirty water”可知，水变脏了。故选C。
41．人们生病了，医院没有足够的房间容纳病人。
doctors医生；nurses护士；patients病人；medicine药物。根据“People got ill”可知，医院需要房间给病人。故选C。
42．当洪水结束后，我环顾我的城市。
looked for寻找；looked up查阅；looked around环顾四周；looked after照顾。洪水过后，作者查看周围情况，应是环顾四周。故选C。
43．一切都被毁了，很多人生病了，但我想我们仍然很坚强。
strong坚强的；weak弱小的；clever聪明的；outgoing外向的。根据“Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick, but we were still very...”可知，尽管遭受重创，但人们依然保持坚强。故选A。
44．我们开始重建我们的城市，照顾生病的人，帮助他们出院。
poor贫穷的；sick生病的；homeless无家可归的；careless粗心的。根据前文提到的“lots of people were sick”可知，需要照顾生病的人。故选B。
45．我只希望有一天，人们能有效地面对自然灾害，无论它们何时发生。
study学习；continue继续；help帮助；face面对。根据“People can...the natural disasters...”可知，此处指面对自然灾害。故选D。
46．C 47．B 48．C
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、预警系统的重要性以及海啸发生后的恢复过程。
46．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“But if people had got the warning, they could have evacuated to safe high places.”以及上下文可知，如果人们得到了海啸预警，他们就可以转移到安全的高地，从而避免海啸的危害。因此，“evacuated”在此处的意思最接近于“转移”或“移动”。故选C。
47．主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了海啸的成因，然后重点强调了海啸预警系统的重要性，通过2004年印度洋海啸的例子进一步说明了预警的重要性。接着，文章描述了海啸发生后，受影响地区的人们所面临的问题以及恢复过程。综合来看，文章的主要话题是海啸预警的重要性以及海啸发生后的恢复过程。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When a tsunami might come, people get a warning, which is very important.”以及后文描述可知，在海啸发生时，人们首先会收到预警，这是非常重要的。接着，救援队伍会寻找幸存者，提供清洁的水、食物和住所，最后人们开始重建家园并恢复正常生活。因此，在应对海啸灾害时，首先发生的是发出预警。故选C。
49．B 50．C 51．B 52．A
本文介绍了中国北方遭遇的严重沙尘暴及其成因，并说明通过三北防护林等生态工程和预警系统，中国在防治沙尘暴方面取得了显著成效。
49．细节理解题。根据“The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area, together with the strong winds from Mongolia.”可知，沙尘暴是由温暖干燥的天气和蒙古的强风共同引起的。故选B。
50．词句猜测题。根据“The land with desertification (沙漠化) has been decreasing by 7,585 km per year in China, and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1,284 km a year.”可知，中国沙漠化土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙地面积每年减少1284平方公里。decreasing此处表示“减少”，与falling意思相接近。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“This is thanks to China’s Three North Shelter Forest Program (TNSFP三北防护林工程) which started in the 1970s.”可知，TNSFP三北防护林工程始于20世纪70年代。故选B。
52．推理判断题。根据“Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.”可知，为了防止沙尘暴和保护环境，中国北方种植了数百万棵树。由此可知“我们”已经采取了措施来防止沙尘暴。故选A。
53．D 54．B 55．B 56．C
本文主要是通过讲述张衡发明地动仪的故事，展现了他对科学的热爱和不懈探索精神，以及他如何通过发明帮助人们提前预警地震，拯救生命。
53．细节理解题。根据“‘There must be a way to know when this will happen,’ he thought. ...But this time, Zhang Heng decided to find a method.”以及“After studying the stars, the sky, and the earth for years, Zhang Heng had an idea—what if there was a machine that could feel earthquakes before they happened ”可知，张衡试图找到一种能提前预警地震的方法。故选D。
54．细节理解题。根据第三段“He used bronze (青铜) to create a large container with eight dragon heads, each holding a small ball in its mouth. At the bottom of each dragon, he placed a frog. If an earthquake happened, the shaking would cause the ball to fall into the frog’s mouth, showing the direction of the earthquake.”可知，当地震发生时，震动会使龙嘴里的小球掉进青蛙嘴里，以此显示地震方向。故选B。
55．细节理解题。根据第四段“On a calm morning, the dragon head pointing west released its ball while Luoyang felt no tremor. Court officials doubted the warning, but several days later, a messenger arrived reporting that Longxi, far to the west, had indeed been struck by a severe earthquake.”可知，地动仪显示了地震的方向。故选B。
56．推理判断题。根据“Though his name became famous, Zhang Heng never stopped searching for answers. He knew that science was a never-ending journey, and he was always ready for the next challenge.”可知，尽管张衡因发明地动仪而闻名，但他从未停止对科学的探索，始终准备迎接新的挑战。故选C。
57．D 58．C 59．B 60．D
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在森林中迷路时应采取的应对措施，包括原地等待、发出求救信号以及搭建临时住所等。
57．细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段“Sit down and stay where you are…Give your friends or other nearby people a signal by shouting or whistling three times.”可知，迷路时应待在原地并发出求救信号。故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Any signal given three times is a call for help.”可知，连续三次发出声音是为了让别人知道你需要帮助。故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“You have to leave your little branch house to look for a river.”可推断，空格处应与“寻找水源”相关。B选项“如果你需要喝水该怎么办”最符合语境。故选B。
60．最佳标题题。全文围绕“迷路时的应对措施”展开，D选项“迷路时该怎么办”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。
61．C 62．F 63．A 64．D 65．G
本文是两个人谈论一场交通事故的对话。
61．根据“What happened ”可知，此处要介绍发生了什么事。选项C“两辆车撞到了一起。”符合语境。故选C。
62．根据“The first car wanted to avoid a student crossing the street. It stopped suddenly.”和“The driver in the second car.”可知，此处要介绍第二辆车发生了什么。选项F“但是第二辆车没有马上停下来，所以它们撞到了一起。”符合语境。故选F。
63．根据“Did anyone hurt in the accident ”和“She couldn’t move out of the car.”可知，此处与女人发生了什么有关。选项A“第一辆车里的女人受了重伤。”符合语境。故选A。
64．根据“The driver in the second car. Luckily, he didn’t hurt.”可知，此处与做了什么事情有关。选项D“谁打了120？”符合语境。故选D。
65．根据“He was all right, but his face looked pale.”可知，此处询问学生的情况。选项G“那个学生呢？”符合语境。故选G。
66．provide/offer different safety program(me)s/courses
provide/offer sth to do sth表示“提供某物去做某事”，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形；different“不同的”；safety program(me)/course表示“安全课程”，此处名词需要用复数。故填provide/offer different safety program(me)s/courses。
67．were aware of the importance of developing
根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“意识到养成……的重要性”。be aware of“意识到”，固定搭配，根据“learned”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语The students是复数，be动词用were；the importance of doing sth“做某事的重要性”；develop“养成”，介词of后接动名词作宾语，develop的动名词形式为developing。故填were aware of the importance of developing。
68． was watching
watch TV“看电视”，根据“at eight o’clock yesterday evening”可知，时态用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语是第三人称单数，be用was。故填was；watching。
69． rushed into
根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“冲进”。rush into表示“冲进”，根据“and woke me up”可知，句子的时态是一般过去时。故填rushed；into。
70． were waiting
根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“正在等”，wait“等待”；又根据“a boy ran up to them.”可知，此处时态为过去进行时，且该句主语是they，所以此处应该填入were waiting，作谓语，意为“正在等”。故填were；waiting。
71．He was reading. 72．He ran to his parents. 73．It wasn’t strong or serious. 74．They quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right. 75．Yes, I do. Because I want to help others in need./No, I don’t. Because I’m not old enough to help others in an earthquake.
本文作者讲述了自己经历地震并参与营救震后伤员的故事。
71．根据“The clear, blue sky and the cool wind made my reading enjoyable.”可知，当地震发生时作者正在看书。故填He was reading.
72．根据“I was so scared that I ran to my parents.”可知，当作者意识到这是地震后，立刻跑向他的父母。故填He ran to his parents.
73．根据“We felt lucky to be in our city. The earthquake wasn’t strong or serious here.”可知，作者所在的城市地震不强烈也不严重。故填It wasn’t strong or serious.
74．根据“After hours of working…sent for doctors to make sure they were all right.”可知，找到幸存者后，作者和其他志愿者立刻去找医生来确保他们平安无事。故填They quickly sent for doctors to make sure they were all right.
75．开放性问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I do. Because I want to help others in need./No, I don’t. Because I’m not old enough to help others in an earthquake.
76．(w)ith 77．(i)njured 78．(d)estroyed 79．(R)escue 80．(i)ncluding 81．(a)round/(a)cross 82．(e)arthquake 83．(l)eading 84．(a)reas 85．(r)eminds
本文主要讲述了2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生的6.8级地震，以及地震造成的破坏、救援工作和未来的预防措施。
76．地震发生在上午9点05分，地点在措果乡附近，使有6900多名居民的地区震动。根据“over 6,900 inhabitants”和首字母提示可知，这个地区有6900多人。with“有”，介词，与over 6,900 inhabitants构成介词短语，修饰inhabitants。故填(w)ith。
77．悲伤的是，126人丧生，188人受伤，其中包括28名需要住院治疗的严重受伤者。空处位于were后，修饰人，填形容词作表语。根据“people who needed hospital care”和首字母提示可知，此处表示188人受伤。injured“受伤的”，形容词。故填(i)njured。
78．地震摧毁了3600多所房屋，尤其是在那些老旧的泥砖房倒塌的村庄。描述过去的事情用一般过去时。空处位于主语earthquake后，填动词过去式作谓语。根据“more than 3,600 homes”和首字母提示可知，此处指地震摧毁房屋。destroy“毁坏”，动词，指由于不可抵抗的外界原因摧毁，过去式为destroyed。故填(d)estroyed。
79．救援队伍面临许多困难：零下18度的低温、4500米的高海拔和1000多次余震。根据“faced many difficulties”和首字母提示可知，此处指救援队伍面临困难。rescue“救援”，不可数名词，作定语修饰teams，位于句首首字母大写。故填(R)escue。
80．超过600名救援人员，包括消防员和志愿者，日夜工作。根据“firefighters and volunteers”和首字母提示可知，此处指救援人员包括消防员和志愿者。此句含有谓语动词worked，空处填介词。including“包括”，介词。故填(i)ncluding。
81．中国人民送来了温暖的衣物和物资来帮助受灾地区。空处到China作后置定语，修饰People，表示中国各地的人。around China或across China都表示“中国各地”。故填(a)round/(a)cross。
82．专家解释说，西藏位于一个主要的地震带上，这里是地壳构造板块交汇的地方。根据“zone”和首字母提示可知，此处指地震带。earthquake zone“地震带”，earthquake“地震”，可数名词，作定语，修饰名词zone。故填(e)arthquake。
83．许多老建筑无法承受震动，导致伤亡惨重。根据“Many old buildings couldn’t withstand the shaking”和“high casualties”可知，伤亡惨重是房屋不能承受震动造成的结果，用动名词作结果状语。lead“造成，导致”，动词，动名词为leading。故填(l)eading。
84．领导人强调在风险地区需要建造更坚固的房屋和制定更好的灾害计划。空处位于形容词risky后，填名词作宾语。根据“stronger houses and better disaster plans”和首字母提示可知，要在风险地区建造坚固的房屋。area“地区”，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数的areas。故填(a)reas。
85．这场悲剧提醒我们大自然的力量和准备工作的重要性。描述事实用一般现在时。空处位于第三人称单数主语This tragedy后，填动词三单形式作谓语。根据“us of nature’s power and the importance of preparation”和首字母提示可知，此处指这场地震提醒我们大自然的力量。remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”，remind“提醒”，动词，三单形式为reminds。故填(r)eminds。
86．
例文：
Last Friday, during our football training session, an accident happened. Mike, my teammate, fell down suddenly in the match, and his arm appeared to be fractured as he couldn’t move it at all. Seeing this, I quickly remembered the first aid knowledge I had learned. I immediately grabbed the first aid kit and rushed to Mike’s side. First, I checked for his breathing to make sure he was okay. Then, I carefully used a bandage from the kit to support the injury, trying not to move his arm too much to avoid further damage. Meanwhile, I asked others to call for medical help. While waiting, I kept talking to Mike to calm him down. This experience taught me the value of first aid knowledge. It’s crucial to know what to do in emergencies, as it can make a big difference in someone’s recovery or even save their life.
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已明确给出，包括Mike在足球比赛中的情况、采取的急救措施（使用急救包、检查呼吸、固定伤处）以及个人体会。考生应确保涵盖所有要点，并适当添加细节以使文章更加生动。
[写作步骤]
第一步，简要介绍事件背景和发生的情况。这里描述了Mike在足球训练中摔倒，手臂疑似骨折且无法活动；
第二步，详细描述采取的急救措施。包括使用急救包、检查呼吸、固定伤处等步骤，同时可以添加一些细节，如如何保持冷静、如何与Mike沟通以安抚他等；
第三步，表达个人体会。这里强调了急救知识的重要性，以及在紧急情况下知道如何应对的宝贵性。
[亮点词汇]
①appeared to be似乎是
②grabbed抓起
③rushed to冲向
④made sure确保
⑤carefully小心地
⑥avoided further damage避免进一步伤害
⑦calmed...down使……平静下来
[高分句型]
①Seeing this, I quickly remembered the first aid knowledge I had learned.（现在分词作状语）
②It’s crucial to know what to do in emergencies, as it can make a big difference in someone’s recovery or even save their life.（it作形式主语，as引导的原因状语从句）
