Unit 1 People of achievement 重点词汇、短语和语法 专题练 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修1

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名称 Unit 1 People of achievement 重点词汇、短语和语法 专题练 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修1
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 People of achievement 重点词汇、短语和语法 专题练
2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修1
一、词性转换
1.desire n. → adj. 值得拥有的,可取的
2.admit vi & vt→ n. 承认,允许进入;入场费
3.benefit n.→ adj. 有益的
4.professional adj. → n. 专业,职业→ n. 教授
5.injury n.→ vt. 损害,伤害→ adj.受伤的
6.various adj. → n. 多样化;种类→ v.使变化,变化
7.intend vt. → n. 目的,意图,打算→ adj. 故意的,有意的
8.strong adj.→ vt. & vi. 使强健→ n.力气,强项
9.concern n. & vt.→ adj.关切的,关心的→ prep.关于
10.basis n.→ vt. 以……为基础→ adj.基本的
11.energy_n. → vt. 使充满活力;使增强决心→ adj. 精力充沛的;充满活力的
12.fortune n. → adj. 幸运的→ adv. 幸运地→ adj. 不幸的,倒霉的→ adv. 不幸地
13.prevent vt. → n. 预防;防范→ adj. 可预防的
14.satisfaction n.→ vt. 使满意→ adj. 感到满意的→ adj. 令人满意的
15.announcement n.→ vt. 宣布,通告→ n. 广播员,节目主持人
16.commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事);犯(罪或错等);承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→ n.投入;奉献;承诺
17.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→ adj.学业的;学术的
18.evaluate vt.评价;评估→ n.评价;评估
19.analyse(NAmE -ze) vt.分析→ n.分析
20.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→ n.科学→ n.科学家
21.conclusion n.结论;推论→ vt.断定;推断出
22.novelist n.小说家→ n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的;新奇的
23.politician n.政治家;从政者;政客→ n.政治→ adj.政治的
二、选词填空
come to power; take up ; sum up ; due to
24.The manager is busy these days, meetings and phone calls a large part of the day.
25.Anne Frank grew up in a happy family. However, things changed when Hitler .
26.Captive pandas tend to live longer better nutrition and living conditions.
27.To , low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.
根据句意从方框中选出合适的短语,并用其适当的形式完成句子。
integrate into acknowledge...as… commit...to... differ from subscribe to place emphasis on convince...of... set aside
28.Yuan Longping, though a significant figure in agricultural science, still considered himself as an ordinary farmer.
29.Education of information technology is necessary for individuals society, and meanwhile it is an unavoidable trend of social development.
30.in order to raise her children's awareness of environmental protection, she discussed pollution with them. how nice a clean street, lawn(草坪), or park looks.
31.With no extra money John has no option but to work to pay for the medical charges.
32. each other in character, the twins are not so difficult to be recognized.
33. the accuracy of the data, the researchers stuck to their opinion.
34.My main reason for New Scientist is to keep track of advances in science.
35. improving girls' education in the poverty-stricken areas has made Zhang Guimei a respectable role model of our time.
die from; sum up; come to power; take up; as a consequence of; stand on end; as though; insist on; find out; draw a conclusion; graduate from; get stuck; lead to;
36.“The error, if not checked, could an overall disaster. ” he said.
37.If you ever , ask around for help until you are able to complete a given task.
38.Up to half of all smokers will a tobacco-related disease.
39.They need to interview some people and if they like their jobs.
40. USA, Qian Xueshen managed to come back home to serve our motherland.
41.Ma Yun retiring and trying to have a change of his life last year.
42.You had better keep on trying if you find it difficult to .
43.As the situation has changed, it is necessary the practical experience of the current regulations.
44.Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy after .
45. , there is a growing recognition that the path to prosperity must be built on a solid foundation of good governance.
sum up; come to power; take up; as a consequence of; stand on end; as though;
46.It is worthwhile to the experience and characteristics of Macao in faithfully implementing “one country, two systems”.
47.As a child, did you experience the dream scene which made your hair at midnight.
48. the consciousness, three days ago, a series of anti-terrorist posters caused widespread alarm across Indonesia and Turkey.
49.That Hitler was really a disaster to the world.
50.Can you figure out the average living space that a person can in this city
51.It seems the difficulty will be over soon.
insist on; under no circumstance ; conclude with; be committed to sth./doing sth. ; with the objective of
52.The concert began with the national anthem(国歌) and a piece of soft music.
53.Weak as she was after recovery,she doing the heavy work.
54.The company was founded in 2010, providing better services to markets in Africa.
55. did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job .
56.We will remain to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.
三、语法填空
57.The old man is said to (commit) crime in the room beside our school laboratory 2 decades ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58.The government declared financial assistance would (obtain) by those in the employment training courses. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59.The game is crucial the team, the result of which will decide whether it can hold the championship. (用适当的词填空)
60.According to experts,viewing childhood development as a (science) investigation throws light on how children learn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61.My missing for you is like clouds floating in the sky and like unstopped (flow)water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62.As a (commit)scientist,Tu Youyou cares little about fame and wealth. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63.It is reported that some Taiwan songstresses share the same (passionate) for love and romance—even though it’s full of uncertainty and can break your heart. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64.They have (apparent) achieved broader and deeper agreements on how further promotion on ecology should be approached. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65.After four decades of reform and opening-up, Silicon Valley of China has (gradual)become a global hardware center. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. (draft)contracts is actually one of the simple pleasures of practising law. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67.I’m looking up an argument in the book, one that can offer (theory) support to my idea so as to make it more persuasive. (所给词的适当形式填空)
68.If you are (passion) about something, pursue it no matter what anyone else thinks. That’s how dreams are achieved. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69.China has made (remark) achievements in the application of 5G technology, which will bring more convenience to people’s life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70.Generally, it (acknowledge) that the shortest distance between people is a sincere smile. (所给词的适当形式填空)
71.The twin sisters are very distinct from each other in the character so it is quite easy to make a (distinct) between them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72.They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of (science) experiments.(所给词的适当形式填空)
73.Upon (arrive), he hugge my uncle and tried to give him courage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74.It is therefore unreasonable to make a (distinct) when it comes to a woman’s right to preserve her eggs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
75.This year has seen a number of (remark)business stories in China, including some masters such as Alibaba and Huawei. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76.When fighting with natural disasters, the workers were (passion) and looked for entertainment through competition. (所给词的适当形式填空)
77.It means digital healthcare companies (encounter) fewer obstacles when developing new products and services after 5 years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78.With electric cars becoming popular, we believe that the level of air pollution will be reduced (gradual). (所给词的适当形式填空)
79.This is quite important, because it is directly related to your (commit). (所给词的适当形式填空)
80. (found) in 1949, the People’s Republic of China has made great breakthroughs in many fields over the past decades. (所给词的适当形式填空)
81.They did an experiment and compared the physical (property) of the two substances. (所给词的适当形式填空)
82.Tu Youyou’s research led to the discovery of artemisinin, crucial new treatment for malaria. (用单词的适当形式填空)
83.It is acknowledged that the (discover)is the most exciting new development in this field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84.At the meeting they presented a detailed (analyse)of twelve schools in this city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
85.The key to success as a romantic (novel) is absolute belief in your story. (所给词的适当形式填空)
86.In (conclude),they are proud of themselves and firmly believe they can do more for a better world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
四、完成句子
87.The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room. My brother is talking to the old man. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子)
88.John invited about 40 people to his wedding. Most of them are family members. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子)
89.On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father. I learnt to plant potatoes there. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子)
90.Xi’an is one of the few cities with city walls. Its walls remain as good as before. (用非限制性定语从句合并句子)
91.I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week. My classmates recommended the book to me.(用非限制性定语从句合并句子)
参考答案
1.desirable 2.admission 3.beneficial 4. profession professor 5. injure injured 6. variety vary 7. intention intentional 8. strengthen strength 9. concerned concerning 10. base basic 11. energize energetic 12. fortunate fortunately unfortunate unfortunately 13. prevention preventable 14. satisfy satisfied satisfactory 15. announce announcer
【解析】1.形容词“值得拥有的,可取的”是desirable,故填desirable。
2.名词“承认,允许进入;入场费”是admission。故填admission。
3.形容词“有益的”是beneficial,故填beneficial。
4.名词“专业,职业”是profession,“教授”是professor。故填profession,professor。
5.动词“损害,伤害”是injure,形容词“受伤的”是injured,故填injure,injured。
6.名词“多样化;种类”是variety,动词“使变化,变化”是vary,故填variety,vary。
7.名词“目的,意图,打算”是intention,形容词“故意的,有意的”是intentional,故填intention,intentional。
8.动词“使强健”是strengthen,名词“力气,强项”是strength,故填strengthen,strength。
9.形容词“关切的,关心的”是concerned,介词“关于”是concerning,故填concerned,concerning。
10.动词“以……为基础”是base,形容词“基本的”是basic,故填base,basic。
11.动词“使充满活力;使增强决心”是energize,形容词“精力充沛的;充满活力的”是energetic。故填energize,energetic。
12.形容词“幸运的”是fortunate,副词“幸运地”是fortunately,形容词“不幸的,倒霉的”是unfortunate,副词“不幸地”是unfortunately,故填fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately。
13.名词“预防;防范”是prevention,形容词“可预防的”是preventable,故填prevention,preventable。
14.动词“使满意”是satisfy,形容词“感到满意的”是satisfied,形容词“令人满意的”是satisfactory,故填satisfy,satisfied,satisfactory。
15.动词“宣布,通告”是announce,“广播员,节目主持人”是announcer。故填announce,announcer。
16. committed commitment 17.academic 18.evaluation 19.analysis (pl. analyses) 20. science scientist 21.conclude 22.novel 23. politics political
【解析】16.commit,动词“做出(错事或非法的事);犯(罪或错等);承诺;保证(某个人、机构等);忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)”,其形容词“尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的”,为committed;其名词“投入;奉献;承诺”,为commitment,故填①committed②commitment。
17.academy,名词“艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校”,其形容词“学业的;学术的”,为academic,故填academic。
18.evaluate,动词“评价;评估”,其名词“评价;评估”,为evaluation,故填evaluation。
19.analyse,动词“分析”,其名词“分析”,为analysis,其复数为analyses,故填analysis (pl. analyses)。
20.scientific,形容词“科学(上)的;关于科学的”,其名词“科学”为science,其名词“科学家”,为scientist,故填①science②scientist。
21.conclusion,名词“结论;推论”,其动词“断定;推断出”,为conclude,故填conclude。
22.novelist,名词“小说家”,其形容词“新颖的;新奇的”为novel,也可作名词“(长篇)小说”,故填novel。
23.politician名词,“政治家;从政者;政客”,politics为名词,意为“政治”,其形容词“政治的”为political,故填①politics②political。
24.take up 25.came to power 26.due to 27.sum up
【解析】24.考查固定短语。句意:这些天经理很忙,会议和电话占了一天的大部分时间。根据“The manager is busy these days”可知应填take up“占据”,根据is可知为一般现在时,主语为meetings and phone calls,谓语用原形。故填take up。
25.考查固定短语。句意:安妮·弗兰克在一个幸福的家庭中长大。然而,希特勒上台后,情况发生了变化。根据“things changed when Hitler”可知应填come to power“上台”,结合grew可知为一般过去时。故填came to power。
26.考查固定短语。句意:圈养大熊猫由于营养和生活条件较好,往往寿命更长。根据“better nutrition and living conditions”可知应填due to“由于”,故填due to。
27.考查固定短语。句意:综上所述,低廉的价格、易于获取的信息和广泛的用途使得学生们经常使用电脑。总结根据“low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot”可知应填sum up“总结; 概括”,此处to为不定式符号,应填原形。故填sum up。
28.acknowledged as 29.to integrate into 30.Place emphasis on 31.set aside 32.Differing from 33.Convinced of 34.subscribing to 35.Commiting to
【分析】28.考查固定短语。句意:袁隆平虽然被公认为农业科学的重要人物,但他仍然认为自己是一个普通的农民。considered是谓语动词,空格处作状语,acknowledge...as…“公认……是……”为固定短语,主语Yuan Longping和acknowledge...as…之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作状语。故填acknowledged as。
29.考查固定短语。句意:信息技术教育是个体融入社会的需要,也是社会发展的必然趋势。integrate into“融入”,为固定短语,句中已有系动词is,空格处为非谓语的形式,应用动词不定式表将来。故填to integrate into。
30.考查固定短语。句意:为了提高孩子们的环保意识,她和他们讨论了污染问题。强调干净的街道、草坪或公园看起来有多好。本句为祈使句,空格处应填动词原形,place emphasis on“强调”为固定短语。故填Place emphasis on。
31.考查固定短语。句意:没有留出额外的钱,约翰别无选择,只能工作来支付医疗费。空格处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语,set aside“留出”为固定短语,宾语money和set aside之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填set aside。
32.考查固定短语。句意:由于这对双胞胎性格不同,所以他们并不难辨认。空格处作状语,句中已有系动词are,所以此处为非谓语的形式,differ from“与……不同”为固定短语,主语 the twins和differ from为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填Differing from。
33.考查固定短语。句意:由于深信数据的准确性,研究人员坚持自己的观点。空格处作状语,convince...of...“确信”为固定短语,be convinced of“确信”为固定搭配,作状语时应去掉be,用过去分词短语形式。故填Convinced of。
34.考查固定短语。句意:我订阅《新科学家》杂志的主要原因是为了了解科学的最新进展。空格处作宾语,subscribe to“订阅”为固定短语,应用动名词形式。故填subscribing to。
35.考查固定短语。句意:致力于改善贫困地区女孩的教育,使张桂梅成为我们这个时代值得尊敬的榜样。空格处作主语,commit...to...“致力于”为固定短语,应用动名词形式。故填Commiting to。
【点睛】
36.lead to 37.get stuck 38.die from 39.find out 40.Having graduated from 41.insisted on 42.draw a conclusion 43.to sum up 44.coming into power 45.Throughout the world
【分析】本题考查选词填空,注意各个短语词义的辨析。
36.考查动词短语。句意:“这个错误,如果不加以检查,可能会成为一个影响全局的灾难(导致满盘皆输)”,他说。根据“an overall disaster”可知此处表示“导致、引起”,情态动词could后接动词原形,故填lead to。
37.考查动词短语。句意:如果你遇到难题卡住了,向周围人请求帮助,直到你能够完成既定任务。根据“ask around for help until you are able to complete a given task.”可知此处表示“陷入僵局、遇到困难”,在if引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来,主语是you,谓语动词用复数,故填get stuck。
38.考查动词短语。句意:所有吸烟者中有多达半数以上会死于一种与烟草相关的疾病。根据“a tobacco-related disease”可知此处表示“死于”,will后接动词原形,故填die from。
39.考查动词短语。句意:他们需要采访一些人,看看他们是否喜欢他们的工作。need to do sth表示“需要做某事”,根据“if they like their jobs”可知此处表示“查明”,故填find out。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意:从美国毕业后,钱学森设法回国报效祖国。根据“USA, Qian Xueshen managed to come back home”可知此处表示“从……毕业”,Qian Xueshen与graduate from之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,而且“从美国毕业”明显发生在“设法回到祖国”之前,所以用现在分词的完成式作状语,故填Having graduated from。
41.考查时态。句意:去年,马云坚持退休并尝试换一种方式生活。根据“retiring and trying to have a change of his life”可知此处表示“坚持”,时间状语“last year”表明事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故填insisted on。
42.考查动词短语。句意:如果你发现难以得出结论,你最好继续努力。根据“You had better keep on trying”可知此处表示“得出结论”,“find it easy/difficult to do”表示“发现很容易/难做某事”,其中it是形式宾语,不定式是真正的宾语,空前已经有了不定式符号to,故填draw a conclusion。
43.考查不定式的用法。句意:随着形势的变化,有必要总结现行法规的实践经验。根据“the practical experience of the current regulations”可知此处表示“总结”, it is necessary to do表示“有必要做某事”,其中it是形式主语,后面的不定式是真正的主语,故填to sum up。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:康熙亲政后,采取了一系列措施发展清朝的经济。根据“Emperor Kang Xi took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy”可知此处表示“执政”,介词after后接动名词作宾语,故填coming into power。
45.考查介词短语。句意:在世界各地,人们日益认识到,通向繁荣的道路必须建立在良好治理的坚实基础上。根据“there is a growing recognition that the path to prosperity must be built on a solid foundation of good governance”可知此处表示“全世界”,故填Throughout the world。
46.sum up 47.stand on end 48.As a consequence of 49.came to power 50.take up 51.as though
【解析】46.考查固定短语。句意:认真总结澳门实践“一国两制”的经验和特点,是值得的。根据句意表示“总结”可知短语为sum up,且上文为短语be worthwhile to do sth.,可知应填动词原形。故填sum up。
47.考查固定短语。句意:当你还是个孩子的时候,你有没有在午夜经历过让你毛骨悚然的梦境?根据句意表示“毛骨悚然”可知短语为hair stand on end,且上文为短语make sth. do,可知应填动词原形。故填stand on end。
48.考查固定短语。句意:由于这种意识,三天前,一系列反恐海报在印尼和土耳其引起广泛恐慌。根据句意表示“由于”可知短语为as a consequence of,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As a consequence of。
49.考查固定短语和时态。句意:希特勒上台对世界来说真是一场灾难。根据句意表示“上台”可知短语为come to power,且此处结合语境应用一般过去时。故填came to power。
50.考查固定短语。句意:你能算出一个人在这个城市占据的平均居住空间吗?根据句意表示“占据”可知短语为take up,且can后跟动词原形。故填take up。
51.考查固定短语。句意:看来困难似乎很快就会过去。根据句意表示“似乎”可知短语为as though,引导方式状语从句。故填as though。
52.concluded with 53.insisted on 54.with the objective of 55.Under no circumstance 56.committed
【解析】52.考查动词短语和时态。句意:音乐会以国歌开始,以一段轻柔的音乐结束。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语conclude with“以……结束”,满足句意要求,结合and连接的began with可知,句子时态是一般过去时,此处动词短语应用过去式。故填concluded with。
53.考查动词短语和时态。句意:虽然她康复后很虚弱,但她坚持做这项重活。根据句意可知,此处为动词短语insist on doing“坚持做某事”,满足句意要求,结合前面动词was可知,句子时态应为一般过去时,此处动词短语应用过去式。故填insisted on。
54.考查介词短语。句意:该公司成立于2010年,目标是为非洲市场提供更好的服务。根据句意可知,此处为介词短语with the objective of“目标是”,满足句意要求。故填with the objective of。
55.考查介词短语。句意:当我决定接受这份工作时,我绝对没有想到会遇到这么多问题。根据句意可知,此处为介词短语Under no circumstance“无论如何都不,表示绝对不会发生或不会被允许”,放在句首,之后主句使用了部分倒装,放在句首单词首字母大写。故填Under no circumstance。
56.考查动词短语。句意:我们将坚定不移走和平发展道路,承担更多国际责任。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语be committed to sth.“致力于……”,满足句意要求,结合空格前的remain,可知去掉be动词符合题意。故填committed。
57.commit
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:据说20年前,这个老人在我们学校实验室旁边的房间里犯了罪。be said to do sth “据说……;人们认为……”为固定用法,to是不定式符号。故填commit。
58.be obtained
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:政府宣布,参加就业培训课程的学生将获得财政援助。空处作从句的谓语,obtain“获得”和主语financial assistance之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且空前是would,时态为过去将来时,be动词应用原形。故填be obtained。
59.to/for
【详解】考查介词。句意:这场比赛对该队至关重要,其结果将决定该队能否夺得冠军。分析句子可知,此处是固定短语be crucial to/for,意为“对......至关重要”。故填to/for。
60.scientific
【详解】考查形容词。句意:根据科学家的说法,观察孩子的发展作为科学调查让人们知道了孩子如何学习。分析句子可知,空处需形容词scientific“科学的”作定语修饰名词investigation“调查”,故填scientific。
61.flowing
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我对你的思念就像天空中的浮云,就像永不停息的流水。分析句子可知,名词water前应使用形容词作定语修饰,flowing water意为“流水”。故填flowing。
62.committed
【详解】考查形容词。句意:作为一名忠诚的科学家, 屠呦呦几乎不关心名誉和财富。分析句子可知,空处应使用形容词作定语修饰名词scientist,committed意为“忠诚的”。故填committed。
63.passion
【详解】考查名词。句意:据报道,一些台湾女歌手对爱情和浪漫有着同样的激情——尽管这些激情充满不确定性,可能会让你心碎。形容词 same后接名词。passion意为“激情”,符合题意。故填passion。
64.apparently
【详解】考查副词。句意:他们显然已经就如何进一步促进生态达成了广泛和深入的共识。使用副词作状语修饰动词achieved,apparent(显然的)的副词是apparently(显然地)。故填apparently。
65.gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意:经过40年的改革开放,中国硅谷逐渐成为全球硬件中心。分析句子可知,空中的词用来修饰动词,作状语,故填gradually。
66.Drafting
【详解】考查动名词。句意:起草合同实际上是从事法律工作的简单乐趣之一。分析句子可知,空中的词用来作主语,应用动名词形式,故填Drafting。
67.theoretical
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我正在书中查找一个可以为我的观点提供理论支持从而使其更有说服力的论点。分析句子结构可知,空处可使用形容词theoretical(理论的)在句中作定语修饰support。故填theoretical。
68.passionate
【详解】考查形容词。句意:如果你对某件事充满热情,那么不管其他人怎么想,你都应坚持下去。这就是实现梦想的方式。are是系动词,接形容词passionate“充满激情的”作表语,故填passionate。
69.remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:中国在5G技术应用方面取得了令人瞩目的成就,这将为人们的生活带来更多便利。应为形容词remarkable“令人瞩目的”作定语修饰名词“achievements”。故填remarkable。
70.is acknowledged
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意:人们普遍认为,人与人之间最短的距离就是一个真诚的微笑。固定句型it is acknowledged that...大家公认……,且此处陈述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时,故填is acknowledged。
71.distinction
【详解】考查名词。句意:这对双胞胎姐妹在性格上非常不同,所以很容易把她们区分开来。不定冠词a后续接可数名词单数,distinct对应的名词为distinction“区别”。故填distinction。
72.scientific
【详解】考查形容词。句意:直到进行了大量的科学实验,他们才得出结论。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词,science对应的形容词为scientific“科学的”。故填scientific。
73.arrival
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为:他一到来就拥抱我的叔叔,试图给他勇气。upon/on (one's) arrival 意为“一到...就”,固定搭配,upon为介词后接名词作宾语。故填arrival。
74.distinction
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:因此,对妇女保存卵子的权利加以区别是不合理的。make a distinction(在…之间)加以区别,指出(…之间)的不同,这是个固定短语。故填distinction。
75.remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:今年,中国出现了许多引人注目的商业故事,包括阿里巴巴(Alibaba)和华为(Huawei)等巨头。修饰后文名词短语)business stories应用形容词remarkable,作定语。故填remarkable。
76.passionate
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在与自然灾害的斗争中,工人们充满激情,通过竞争寻找娱乐。分析可知,空前为系动词“were”,所填空应是形容词作表语。passion名词,意为“热情;酷爱”,其形容词形式为“passionate”,意为“热情的;热烈的”。故填passionate。
77.will encounter
【详解】考查一般将来时。句意:这意味着5年后,数字医疗保健公司在开发新产品和服务时将会遇到更少的障碍。after 5 years意为“5年后”,表示将来的状态,所以用一般将来时。一般将来时结构为:will do / be going to do。will在一般情况下相当于be going to,表示将要做什么,两者之间有细微差别。will更口语化,be going to则更强调有可能马上要着手去做的事情。根据句意,该处未涉及马上着手去做的事,故填will encounter。
【点睛】一般将来时“表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。如:tomorrow 明天,next week 下周;in the future 将来等。” 做题时要注意题中所给的时间状语信息,准确判定时态。
78.gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意:随着电动汽车的普及,我们相信空气污染水平会逐渐降低。此处修饰动词reduced,应用副词形式,gradually逐渐地,副词。故填gradually。
79.commitment
【详解】考查名词。句意:这很重要,因为它直接关系到你的承诺。空处作宾语,表示“承诺”应用名词commitment,表抽象概念,不可数。故填commitment。
80.Founded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中华人民共和国成立于1949年,在过去的几十年里,在许多领域取得了巨大的突破。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,found和逻辑主语the People’s Republic of China为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式。故填Founded。
81.properties
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们做了实验比较了这两种物质的物理特性。physical为形容词,作定语修饰名词,设空处需填名词,property意为“特性”,是可数名词,根据two substances可知,此处需用名词复数形式。故填properties。
82.a
【详解】考查冠词。句意:屠呦呦的研究导致了青蒿素的发现,这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。treatment在此为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一种治疗方法”。crucial发音的第一个音标为元音音素,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
83.discovery
【详解】考查名词。句意:人们公认这次发现是这一领域最令人兴奋的新发展。所填的词作从句主语,所以用名词形式,discovery“发现”是可数名词,根据从句谓语动词is判断主语为单数。故填discovery。
84.analysis
【详解】考查名词。句意:在会议上,他们详细分析了城市的12 所学校。空处需填名词作宾语,不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填analysis。
85.novelist
【详解】考查名词。句意:作为一个浪漫主义小说家,成功的关键是绝对相信你的故事。根据前面的a可知,所填的词是名词形式,作宾语。novelist意为“小说家”,为可数名词,这里应用单数。故填novelist。
86.conclusion
【详解】考查名词。句意:总之,他们为自己感到自豪,并坚信他们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事情。in conclusion为固定短语,意为“总之”。故填conclusion。
87.The old man, whom my brother is talking to, saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我哥哥正在跟那个老人说话,他看见一些德国人在捣毁琥珀屋。分析句子可知,该句可使用非限制性定语从句进行简单句合并,可使用关系代词whom指代先行词the old man,介词to后应使用宾格形式。故转换为The old man, whom my brother is talking to, saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room.。
88.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼。其中大多数是家庭成员。两个句子中重合的部分是40 people和them,将40 people作为先行词,在定语从句中作of的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句。故改写成John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.
89.On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father, where I learnt to plant potatoes.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在一个秋天的下午,我和爸爸去了一个农场,在那里我学会了种土豆。分析句子可知,该句可使用非限制性定语从句进行简单句合并。先行词a farm表示地点,因此可使用关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故转换为On an autumn afternoon, I went to a farm with my father, where I learnt to plant potatoes.。
90.Xi’an is one of the few cities with city walls, whose walls remain as good as before.
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:西安是少数几个有城墙的城市之一。城墙依旧完好如初。分析句子可知,该句可使用非限制性定语从句进行简单句合并,可使用关系代词whose指代先行词Xi’an,在从句中作定语,表示所属关系。故转换成Xi’an is one of the few cities with city walls, whose walls remain as good as before.。
91.I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:上周我从图书馆借了《简·爱》这本书。我的同学向我推荐了这本书。第二句的宾语the book就是指第一句中的the book Jane Eyre,故改成定语从句时先行词是the book Jane Eyre,在从句作宾语,应用关系代词which引导从句。故答案为I borrowed the book Jane Eyre from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.
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