【高考突破方案】英语必修二U4听课手册-高考一轮总复习课件 译林版

(共46张PPT)
Compulsory 2
Unit 4　Exploring literature
Ⅰ.话题单词
话题词汇
represent v. 代表　　　 release v. 发行，发布 publish v. 出版，发行
appreciate v. 赏识 reflect v. 表达，表明 evaluate v. 估计，评价
meaningful adj. 有意义的 instructive adj. 有教育意义的 theme n. 主题
tragedy n. 悲剧 edition n. 版本 journal n. 期刊
background n. 背景 reputation n. 名声，名誉 author n. 作者，作家
essay n. 文章 works n. 著作，作品 masterpiece n. 代表作
fiction n. 小说 legend n. 传奇故事 thriller n. 惊险小说
adaptation n. 改编本 comment n. & v. 评论 remark n. & v.谈论，评论
Ⅱ.话题词块
be keen on 喜爱 come out (书)出版　　　　　　
be set in 以……为背景 abandon oneself to 沉迷于
convey information 传达信息 make comments on… 对……评论
suit one's taste 符合某人的口味　　 express feelings/emotions 表达感情
be adapted from 改编于 on exhibition/display/show 在展览
shape one's character 塑造某人的性格 historical story 历史故事
works appreciation 作品欣赏 ancient Chinese poetry 中国古代诗歌
classical Chinese literature 中国古典文学
the four Chinese literature classics 中国四大名著
contemporary/folk literature 当代文学/民间文学
pass down from generation to generation 代代相传
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. Not only do some classic works offer us joy and excitement, but also they encourage us to think critically.
一些经典作品不仅给我们带来喜悦和兴奋，而且还鼓励我们批判性地思考。
2. I hold the view that if we students want to know as many great works of literature as we can, we had better read the original work.
我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。
3. The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.
《远大前程》这部小说的出版得到广泛评论和高度赞扬，它巩固了狄更斯作为一流小说家的地位。
4. Our school will hold an activity whose theme is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.
下周，我们学校将举办一个主题为“外国人讲中国故事”的活动。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the 1._______ (write) record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. Up to now, we 2.____________ (reach) a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. As we all know, literature has at least three significant 3._________ (quality). The first quality of literature is 4.________ (it) description of truth and beauty. Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a 5.__________ (sense) human soul brings them to our attention. The second quality is its appeal to our feelings and imagination 6.__________ (lie) more in what it awakens than what it says. The third quality is its permanence. 7.__________ (achieve) this, literature should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style. 8.__________ summary, good literature appeals to 9.__________ most basic of human nature—love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope, and it also takes on a personal style 10._________ no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
written
have reached
qualities
its
sensitive
lying
To achieve　
In
the
because
单词通关
1. appeal vi. 有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n. 吸引力；申诉；呼吁
教材原句：Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. (P44)让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
appeal to sb. 吸引某人
appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事而向某人呼吁/恳求
appeal against sth. 不服某事而上诉
make/launch an appeal (to sb. to do sth.) 呼吁/恳求(某人做某事)
appealing adj. 有吸引力的；恳求的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Among the collections are some delicate Chinese vases, which appeal _______ visitors from all over the world.
②He makes philosophical thought an _______ (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(2023·全国甲卷)
③We made an appeal to the villagers _______ money to build the bridge.
④我写信呼吁大家积极参加建设美丽校园。
_______________________________________________ to take an active part in building a beautiful campus.(应用文写作之倡议书)
to
appealing
for
I am writing to appeal/make an appeal to everyone
2. determine vt. 确定；支配；决心vi. 决心
教材原句： The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.(P44)第一步是确定文学的一些重要特征。
determine to do sth. ＝determine on (doing) sth. 决定做某事
determined adj. 决心；坚定的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
determination n. 确定；决心
with determination 坚决地；果断地
单句语法填空/完成句子
①He proved that it's not what happens to us that ____________ (determine) our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
②His ___________ (determine) remains as strong as ever despite all the setbacks he has encountered.
③I have determined _________ working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.
④我们决定以优秀的校友为榜样，使自己成为对社会有用的人。
__________________________________________________________________ and to make ourselves useful to the society.(应用文写作之演讲稿)
determines
determination
on
We determine/are determined to follow the examples of our excellent schoolmates
3. significant adj. 有重要意义的，显著的
it is significant that… 很明显……
significance n. 意义，重要性；含义
be of significance to/for… 对……有重要意义(to为介词)
attach significance to… 认为……重要；重视(to为介词)
significantly adv. 有重大意义地，显著地
单句语法填空/改写句子
①Because the system is automated, it _________ (significant) reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. (2024·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
②The plan will extend protection to a __________ (significance) number of areas. (2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
③It is significant __________ girls generally do better in examinations than boys.
④This new discovery of oil is of much _____________ (significant) to this area's economy.
⑤Your help was very significant to me; without it, I wouldn't have been successful.(应用文写作之感谢信)
＝Your help __________________________; without it, I wouldn't have been successful.
significantly
significant
that
significance
was of great significance to me
4. sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
教材原句：Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. (P45)有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
be sensitive to sth. 对……体贴/敏感
be sensitive about sth. 对……过敏；介意……
sense vt. 感觉到，意识到，觉察出 n. 感觉，意识
a sense of ……之感
sensible adj. 明智的，合理的；意识到，认识到
be sensible of 意识到……
sensitively adv. 谨慎地；敏感地；易受伤害地
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive __________ all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.(2022·全国乙卷)
②She is very sensitive ____________ her weight.
③He handled the matter ______________ (sensitive).
④He did not appear to ____________ (意识到) the difficulties that lay ahead.
⑤I used the online platform as a diary, something to look back on, giving me ______________________ (成就感). (2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
to
about
sensitively
be sensible of
a sense of achievement
5. reflect vt. & vi. 反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思
reflect…in… 在……中映出……
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
reflect on/upon 认真思考；沉思
reflection n. 反映；映像；反射；沉思
on/upon reflection 经过思考，仔细考虑之后
be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中
单句语法填空/改写句子
①At first I thought it was a bad idea, but ____________ reflection I realised she was right.
②As a musician, it's important to give maximum attention and time to your own __________ (reflect) of your own feelings.(2023·全国甲卷)
③When she reflected on her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve.(读后续写之心理描写)
＝________________________________, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve.(用动词 ing形式作状语)
on/upon
reflections
Reflecting on her volunteer experience
6. mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的v. 意思是；打算
教材原句：The book's main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man. (P49)这本书的主角是斯克鲁奇，一个富有但吝啬的老人。
be mean with sth. 对某物吝啬
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
be meant for 目的是，作……用
be meant to do sth. 注定要做某事，应做某事
be meant to be 被普遍认为是
meaning n. 意义；含义
meaningful adj. 有意义的
meaningless adj. 无意义的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has always been mean ____________ his money.
②In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more ____________ (mean) to me.(2023·全国甲卷)
③For many of us, moderation (适度) means ____________ (eat) less than we do now. But it doesn't mean _________ (say) goodbye to the foods you love.(2024·全国甲卷)
④When was the last time you used a telephone box I ______________________
___________ (意思是打一个真正的电话)—not to shelter from the rain.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
⑤This activity ____________________________________________________ (旨在唤起我们保护环境的意识).
with
meaningful
eating
saying
mean to make an actual
phone call
is meant to awake our awareness of environmental protection
7. attempt vt. & n. 努力，尝试，试图
教材原句： After coming in empty handed for eighty four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.(P53)空手而归84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕捉一条大鱼。
attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
make an attempt to do sth./at doing sth. 试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 首次尝试
attempted adj. 企图的；未遂的
单句语法填空/一句多译
①In fact, I hoped to pass my driving test _________ the first attempt and I made it.
②Before they fled the country, the enemy attempted _________ (destroy) all the factories.
③Parents are making _________ attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they have.
④It is said that the case is an _________ (attempt) murder.
⑤不过，她还是没有尝试过飞行。(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
＝________________________________________________________________
＝________________________________________________________________
at
to destroy
an
attempted
Still, she made no attempt to fly.
Still, she didn't attempt to fly.
8. confused adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
教材原句： Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought.(P54)他心里想，现在你正变得头脑不清醒了。
be confused about… 对……感到困惑
confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑；(将……)混淆，混同
confuse sth. and/with sth. 把……和……混淆
it confuses sb. that…＝what confuses sb. is that… 使某人困惑的是……
confusing adj. 难以理解的，不清楚的
confusion n. 困窘，尴尬；混淆，混同
提示
confused用来形容人的心理、表情或声音等；confusing 常用来形容事或物。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Be careful not to confuse “quantity” __________ “quality”.
②As for Bailey, she is more _________ (confuse) about why her act is considered a big deal.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
③Also, people aren't willing to change their views about food and nutrition, as there is so much _________ (confuse) information online.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
④People of my generation who lived through World War Ⅱ have vivid memories of _________ (confuse) and incompetence.
⑤There was __________________ (迷惑的表情) on his face when he met with ___________________ (令人迷惑的问题).
and/with
confused
confusing
confusion
a confused look
a confusing problem
词块积累
1. devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身(to为介词)
教材原句：My meaning simply is, that whatever I have tried to do in life, I have tried with all my heart to do well; that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely; that in great aims and in small, I have always been thoroughly in earnest.(P43)我的意思很简单，就是无论我在生活中试图做什么，我都全力以赴地做好它；无论我献身于什么事业，我都毫无保留地献身于它；无论做大事还是小事，我总是一丝不苟，兢兢业业。
devote one's time/energy/attention to (doing) sth.把某人的时间/精力/注意力用在(做)某事上
be devoted to… 致力于……
devoted adj. 忠诚的 devotion n. 奉献；关爱
单句语法填空/改写句子
①He made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ (help) those poor children.
②All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves _______ protecting oceans.
③_______ all his life to educating his _______ students, the teacher was admired for his _______ to the education cause.(devote)
④He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
＝________________________________________________________________, he was praised by the people around.(用分词作状语)
helping
to
Devoting
devoted
devotion
Devoted to community activities或Devoting himself to community activities
2. draw on 凭借，利用
教材原句： No doubt drawing on his own experiences, Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.(P47)毫无疑问，曹雪芹凭借自身经历，详细描述了当时的生活是什么样的。
draw in (天黑)渐早；使卷入
draw out (天黑)渐晚；拖延，拉长
draw near/closer 接近，靠近
draw one's attention 引起某人的注意
draw a conclusion (from sth.) (从某事中)得出结论
draw sth. from/out of 从……中提取/抽出
单句语法填空/完成句子
①In doing so, I'll draw _________ an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
②She drew the interview ____________ to over an hour.
③It is important to ___________________________ (从事实中得出结论).
④I ____________________ (从……汲取力量) the millions of women who have faced this challenge successfully.
on
out
draw a conclusion from the facts
draw strength from
句式点拨
1. not…but… 连接并列结构
教材原句： What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.(P44) 令孩子惊奇的不是一个新的世界，而是不为人注意的古老音乐。
①not…but…意为“不是……而是……”，连接的前后内容表示转折，在结构上表示并列。
②当not…but…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与but后的名词保持一致。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not you but I _________ (be) wrong.
②The value of life doesn't lie in the length of days, ________________________
__________ (而在于我们如何利用这些日子).
③The objective of this debating game is __________________________ (不是为了赢，而是为了找到真相) that will allow you to move faster, farther and better.
am
but lies in how we make use
of them
not to win but to get to the truth
2. until引导的时间状语从句
教材原句： Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. (P45)有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到有一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
①until既是介词又是连词，引导时间状语，意为“直到……为止”，与till同义，但till更常用于口语中。
②until常用于否定句中，not until意为“直到……才”，当not until引导的时间状语从句置于句首时，主句的主语和谓语通常要用部分倒装。
③it is not until…that“直到……才”是其强调句式，强调时间状语，为常见的写作高级句式。
单句语法填空/改写句子
①In fact, don't wait __________ you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self confidence at any time.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
②We didn't open the doors and began serving dinner until a couple of hours later.
＝Not until ________________________________________________________
＝________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________(用强调句)
until
a couple of hours later did we open the doors and began serving dinner.
It wasn't until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner.
3. be on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事
教材原句： He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time. (P54)每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。
be on the point of doing sth. when…＝be about to do sth. when… 正要做某事这时……
be doing sth. when… 正在做某事这时……
had just done sth. when… 刚做完某事这时……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)
②I ____________ (have) just finished my exam when the bell rang.
③I _______________________________________ (刚要走) when someone knocked at the gate.
④He leaned on arm against the wall, ____________________________ (就快哭出来了).
was fixing
had
was on the point of leaving或was about to leave
on the point of bursting into tears
素养挑战
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·湖南长沙)
Engaging your brain actively at work can benefit you in more ways than just advancing your career—it may also safeguard your cognitive (认知的) abilities and help prevent dementia (痴呆症) as you get older, a new study found.
The study, published in Neurology, analyzed health and occupational data on 7, 000 Norwegians who were followed from their 30s until they retired in their 60s. “Many other studies on this topic have looked at the most recent jobs that people have,” said lead author Dr. Trine Edwin, a researcher at University of Oslo, “but due to the national database we have in Norway, we were able to follow people over much of their lifetimes.”
To do the analysis, Edwin categorized the cognitive demands of 305 occupations in Norway. More cognitively demanding jobs were not based on routine tasks, even though repetition was required at times. “There were lawyers, doctors, accountants, and people in public service in this group, but the most common occupation was teaching,” Edwin said, “as effective communication outside of the classroom and school matters. It always depends on teachers' understandings of students' different situations and teachers' empathy.”
Having a routine job with little mental stimulation during your 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s is linked to a 66% higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (损伤) and a 37% greater risk of dementia after the age of 70, when compared with having an occupation—that requires more complex thinking. “The occupational environment is paramount in promoting cognitive well being,” said Edwin. “Similarly, just like we can use physical exercise to grow and maintain our muscles, exercising our brain through more challenging work assignments seems to help fight dementia.”
“While I'd guess that people at risk for dementia would be well served by taking advantage of professional advancement opportunities, learning new job tasks, and refining (改进) their skills at work over a period of time, further studies will need to clarify which specific activities have the most brain healthy benefits,” Edwin added.
1. Why is Edwin's research remarkable
A. Because it focused on emerging industries.
B. Because it tracked a long term occupation impact.
C. Because it only studied Norwegians of a certain age.
D. Because it drew much inspiration from past studies.
2. What makes teaching a cognitively demanding job
A. The complete lack of repetitive tasks.
B. The number of students and parents.
C. The harmonious relationship it creates.
D. The emotional labor it involves.
3. What does the underlined word “paramount” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Vital. B. Urgent. C. Realistic. D. Sufficient.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. Activities that can refine people's skills at work.
B. A recommendation for future research directions.
C. Tips for people who want professional advancement.
D. Disadvantages of routine jobs that need further proof.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一项新的研究发现，让大脑积极工作不仅能促进你的事业发展，还能随着年龄的增长，保护人们的认知能力，并有助于预防痴呆症。
1. B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study, published in Neurology, analyzed health and occupational data on 7, 000 Norwegians who were followed from their 30s until they retired in their 60s.(这项发表在《神经学》杂志上的研究分析了7 000名挪威人的健康和职业数据，这些人从30多岁开始一直被跟踪到60多岁退休。)”可知，不同于大多数同类研究，这项研究分析了7 000名挪威人的健康和职业数据，时间覆盖了这些人的30多岁至60多岁，由此可知，该研究追踪了职业的长期影响。故选B。
2. D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘There were lawyers, doctors, accountants, and people in public service in this group, but the most common occupation was teaching，’ Edwin said, ‘as effective communication outside of the classroom and school matters. It always depends on teachers' understandings of students' different situations and teachers' empathy.’(‘这个群体中有律师、医生、会计和公共服务人员，但最常见的职业是教学工作，’Edwin说，‘因为课堂和学校之外的有效沟通很重要。这总是取决于教师对学生不同情况的理解和教师的同理心。’)”可知，老师需要经常与学生和家长交流，即教师这一职业需要对家长和学生产生共情，使其成为对认知要求较大的工作。故选D。
3. A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“Having a routine job with little mental stimulation…that requires more complex thinking.(与需要更复杂思维的职业相比，在30多岁、40多岁、50多岁和60多岁做一份缺乏精神刺激的常规工作，患轻度认知障碍的风险要高出66%，70岁后患痴呆症的风险要高出37%。)”可知，缺乏精神刺激的常规工作会提高患上轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的风险，即职业环境在促进认知健康方面是至关重要的，由此可知，画线单词的意思与“重要的”意义相近。故选 A。
4. B　段落大意题。根据尾段“‘While I'd guess that people at risk for dementia…which specific activities have the most brain healthy benefits,’ Edwin added.(Edwin补充说：‘虽然我认为有痴呆症风险的人可以通过利用职业发展机会，学习新的工作任务，并在一段时间内提高他们的工作技能来受益良多，但进一步的研究需要明确哪些特定的活动对大脑健康最有好处。’)”可知，Edwin认为，虽然有痴呆症风险的人可以从一些活动中受益，但还需要进一步的研究来阐明哪些特定的活动对大脑健康最有好处，即指出了未来的研究方向。故选B。
“主旨大意题之段落大意题”答题技能 第一步 扫描题干，找关键词：关键词what、paragraph、is…mainly talk about
第二步 根据关键词，定位信息：找到正确的段落。
第三步 分析该段的结构，找到主题句并概括段落大意：
如果该段是按总分结构组织，主题句就在段首；
如果按分总结构组织，主题句就在段尾；
如果按分总分的结构组织，则主题句在中间；
如果按总分总的结构组织，我们可以很明显地看到一段的首句和末句的内容几乎完全一致，正确答案就呼之欲出了；
如果按并列式行文，这种结构的段落一般会在一段中讨论两个平行的内容，整个段落可以从中间处分开，前后是平行关系，这样的段落结构对应的答案通常也会是很明显的并列关系；
如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该段大意。
“主旨大意题之段落大意题”答题技能 第四步 无主题句则需要揣摩段落大意：作者可能不直接写出主题句，而是通过各种方法暗示给读者，这就需要读者充分发挥想象力与判断力，揣摩段落大意。
名师点睛：要全面概括主题句所包含的内容。切记不要选以偏概全、移花接木的选项。 Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·湖南长沙)
假定你是李华，剑桥大学将举办国际青少年文化交流营(International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp)，现已开放申请。请你给其负责人Henry写一封邮件申请参加，内容包括：
1. 自我介绍并提出申请；
2. 个人优势；
3. 表达希望。
【精选佳作】根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Henry，
My name is Li Hua, a 17 year old student from Hunan Province, China. I am writing to ①___________________________________ (寻求参与的机会) the International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp.
I believe I am an ideal candidate for this program. My cheerful personality allows me ②___________________________________(能够与他人建立积极的关系). Thus, I am eager to bring my energy to this program. Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly.
I sincerely hope to be granted this valuable opportunity. I would appreciate it if you could spare your precious time to consider my request.
Yours,
Li Hua
seek the opportunity to participate in
to build positive relationships with others
【句式点拨】
Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly.
翻译：③__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
分析：句中enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly为④___________在句中作状语。
此外，经过十多年的英语学习，我掌握了很强的语言能力，能够毫不费力地与外国人分享中国文化。
非谓语动词
【结构解析】
第一段
a.进行自我介绍
b.交代写信目的——提出⑤_______
第二段：个人优势
a.英语好且善于⑥_______　　　
b.熟知中国文化
第三段：表达希望
申请
交流