【高考突破方案】英语选必二U3听课手册-高考一轮总复习课件 译林版

(共48张PPT)
Optional compulsory 2
Unit 3　Fit for life
Ⅰ.话题单词
话题词汇
vaccinate v. 给……接种疫苗　　 sickly adj. 常生病的；体弱的　　
wholesome adj. 有益健康的 painkiller n. 止痛药
hygiene n. 卫生 clinic n. 诊所
surgery n. 外科手术 injection n. 注射
diagnosis n. 诊断 cashier n. 收费处
treatment n. 治疗 registration n. 挂号
cancer n. 癌症 influenza n. 流感
sanatorium n. 疗养院 pharmacist n. 药剂师
anaesthetist n. 麻醉师 pathologist n. 病理学医生
psychologist n. 心理医生 radiologist n. 放射科医生
ophthalmologist n. 眼科医生 neurologist n. 神经科医生
pediatrician n. 儿科医师 ENT doctor 耳鼻喉科医生
emergency physician 急诊医生
Ⅱ.话题词块
take a sample 取样　　　　 order tests 开具检查单　
blood test 血液检测 check one's pulse 把脉
pain reliever 止痛药 perform surgery/an operation 做手术
have a medical history 有病史 diagnose a disease 诊断疾病
take one's temperature 量体温 medical bill 医疗账单
treat symptoms 治疗症状 physical therapy 物理治疗
medical insurance 医疗保险 reduce inflammation 减轻炎症
undergo a treatment 接受治疗
suffer from a condition/disease 患有某种疾病　　　
prescribe a course of treatment 开一个疗程
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
在过去的几十年里，医疗技术进步已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
2. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem and the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：市政府应该采取有力措施来解决这个问题。
3. When it comes to a healthy diet, nutritionists believe that the increasing consumption of vegetables and fruits can lower the risks of stroke and coronary heart disease.
说起健康饮食，营养学家认为多吃蔬菜水果可以降低中风和冠心病的发病危险。
4. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
根据最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities. 1.__________ is well known to you, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives, and our own personal genome contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. As a result, geneticists 2._______________ (try) to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is 3._______ effective means of disease treatment and prevention. In the near future, it will serve as a new weapon in the fight against 4._________ (disease), leading to a fundamental change in our approach to health care. However, 5.____________ the technology continuing to develop at a fast pace, questions arise about how to use it 6._____________ (appropriate).
As
have been trying
an
appropriately
diseases
with
Genome editing also brings us some moral problems. Therefore, many people have all started to wrestle with such issues. We have to find out how 7._________ (keep) the technology from running wild. This means 8._______ (put) appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage. If we didn't have them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. In a word, there 9._______ (be) still much to be explored and debated on genome editing. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the 10.____________ (great) innovations in the history of science.
to keep
putting
is
greatest
单词通关
1. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份
教材原句：Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30)遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
identify…as… 认出/显示……是……
identify with sb. 与某人产生共鸣；同情某人
identity n. 身份；特性；一致
identity card [C]身份证
identification n. 确认；身份证明；鉴定，辨认
identical adj. 完全同样的
be identical to/with… 与……完全一样
单句语法填空
①His accent identified him __________ a Frenchman.
②In fact, twins, who are __________ (identify) to each other in appearance, can sometimes prefer to use different hands.
③For lack of similar experiences, most students find it hard to identify ________
the characters in the film.
④You must collect the mail in person and take along some form of ___________
(identify).
as
identical
with
identification
2. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
relate to 涉及，与……相关
relate…to… 把……和……联系起来
related adj. 有联系的，相关的；有亲属关系的
be related to… 与……有关；与……有亲属关系
relative adj. 相对的；相比较而言的 n. 亲属
relation n. 联系；亲属
in relation to 关于，涉及；相对……而言
relationship n. 关系，联系
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Over 28 states have passed laws related ______ pollinator (传粉昆虫) habitat protection and pesticide use.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
②The money he'd been ordered to pay was minimal ________ relation to his salary.
③You put organisms in new _______________ (relation) and observe what's happening.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
④明晚要举行的聚会与中国传统习俗有关。
The party to be held tomorrow evening _________________________________.
(应用文写作之邀请信)
to
in
relationships　
is related to traditional Chinese customs
3. means n. (pl. means)方法，方式；财富，钱财
by means of 借助，依靠
by no means 绝不(用于句首，句子倒装)
by all means 一定，务必；尽一切办法；当然
by this means 用这种方法
by any means 无论如何
try every means to do sth. 想方设法做某事
the means of doing sth. 做某事的方法
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities, one thing is for sure—as it's often ________ means of their survival, they could be with us to stay.
②Every possible means ____________ (try) so far.
③If you enjoy reading, then ______________ (尽一切办法) do that whenever you want.
④This is a course taught ____________ (借助) lectures and seminars.
a　　
has been tried　
by all means 　
by means of
　
一句多译
⑤没有Paul的好心帮忙，Mac绝不会赤手空拳把狼吓跑。
_______________________________________with bare hands without the help of kind hearted Paul.
＝________________________________________with bare hands without the help of kind hearted Paul.(用倒装句)
Mac could by no means scare the wolf off/away
By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away
4. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
教材原句：Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases (P31)我们应该把这项技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病上吗
restrict…to 把……限制/限定在……(数量、范围等)内
restrict sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 约束某人/自己(做)某事
restricted adj.(大小或数量)有限的，很小的；(指能做的事)有限的，受限制的
restriction n. 限制；约束；制约因素；限制规定
单句语法填空
①The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without __________ (restrict).
②The accident left her with ____________ (restrict) movement in her right leg.
③There's no reason to restrict yourself to just ___________(play) on a full sized computer when you want to surf online games.
restriction
restricted
playing
5. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能
教材原句：Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies (P31)我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健
prohibit (sb. from/sb.'s) doing sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
prohibition n. (尤指通过法律的)禁止；禁令
a prohibition against/on… 一项对……的禁令
单句语法填空
①The phone and computer and whatever other pieces of tech you're addicted to should ____________ (prohibit).
②What are children prohibited ____________ doing at the Museum (2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)
③The environmental group is demanding a complete ____________ (prohibit) against the hunting of whales.
be prohibited
from
prohibition
改写句子
④Some people think that it's necessary to prohibit people's using mobile phones in some places.
＝Some people think that it's necessary to prohibit _______________ mobile phones in some places.
＝Some people think that it's necessary to _____________ mobile phones in some places.
people from using
prohibit using
6. equip vt. 配备；使有能力
教材原句：Below is a personal account given by a girl who is equipped with a robotic hand.(P34)下面是一位配备有机械手的女孩的自述。
equip sb./oneself/sth. with (for…) (为了……)使某人/某人自己/某物配备……
be (fully/poorly) equipped with… (齐全/简陋地)装备/配备……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人能够胜任某事
equip sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事
equipment n. 设备；配备，装备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
单句语法填空
①Operation of this __________ (equip) requires special training.
②Those rooms are equipped _________ modern electronic facilities, all of which are linked to the Internet.
③Without a basic education, the young entrepreneurs aren't equipped _________ (manage) the businesses they create.
④To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip __________ (they) with accurate world knowledge.(2022·天津卷)
⑤These are skills which equip them _________ real situations they might face in their lives.
equipment
with
to manage　
themselves
for
7. adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
教材原句：The school has adjusted all the lights to make sure the classrooms are well lit.(P37)学校调整了所有的灯以确保教室灯光明亮。
adjust…to… 根据……调整
adjust (oneself) to (doing) (使自己)适应(做)……
adjustment n. 调整，调节；适应
make an adjustment to 对……作出调整
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jean was worried about her children's _________ (adjust) to this new situation.
②It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust ________ the darkness.
③It took a few weeks for her to adjust to __________ (live) in the city.
④得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。
Knowing that _____________________________________________________
________, I'm writing to give you some tips, which I hope will be of help to you. (应用文写作之建议信)
adjustment
to
living
you have some difficulty in adjusting yourself to the new school
life
8. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证vt. 证明，表明
教材原句：There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.(P39)有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。
there is evidence that… 有……的迹象/证据(that引导同位语从句)
there is evidence to do… 有证据做……
evidence of/for sth. ……的证据
evident adj. 清楚的，显然的
it is evident that… 显然……
单句语法填空
①For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as __________ (evident) that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. (2022·全国乙卷)
②On average, positive people have stronger immunity, and there is evidence __________ they live longer.
③Another evidence __________ bad luck was that Harry had his cell phone stolen.
evidence
that
of/for
词块积累
1. without doubt 毫无疑问，的确(＝beyond doubt)
教材原句： Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. (P31)毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。
no doubt 无疑，很可能(常在句中作状语)
there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……
there is some doubt about/whether… 对……有些怀疑
sb. doesn't doubt that… 某人确信……
sb. doubts whether/if… 某人怀疑是否……
完成句子
①_______________________ (毫无疑问), cultural relics are valuable wealth of human beings, but _________________ (我怀疑是否) it is necessary to rebuild them.
②___________________ (我确信) a friendly and harmonious environment is of great importance to us all.
③Such wrinkles will ___________ (毫无疑问) be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
Without/Beyond doubt
I doubt whether/if
I don't doubt that　
no doubt
2. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今[＝date from(无被动语态)]
教材原句：There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.(P39)有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。
out of date过时的
up to date 最新式的，现代的
make a date with 与……约会
完成句子
①Chinese dumplings _________ (追溯到) the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
②He is always meticulous (细心的) in keeping the records _________ (最新的).
③The printed book is not totally __________ (过时的). (2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
date back to
up to date
out of date
句式点拨
1. “疑问词＋不定式”结构
教材原句：We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild.(P31)我们必须想办法防止技术失控。
疑问代词(who、what、which等)、疑问副词(when、where、how等)及whether后跟不定式，构成“疑问词＋不定式”结构，可以在句中作主语、宾语(一般用在tell、understand、explain、advise、discuss等后面)、表语、同位语等。
完成句子
①______________________________ (何时何地开会) remains to be discussed further.
②Here are some suggestions on ______________ (从哪里开始) your Bangkok eating adventure.(2023·全国甲卷)
③As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers ______________ (怎样开始) an art journey.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
④The question __________________ (是否要帮助他) troubled the girl.
When and where to hold the meeting
where to start
how to begin
whether to help him
2. without的虚拟语气
教材原句：Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.(P31) 如果没有它们(适当的控制措施)的话，基因组编辑可能会像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。
当without表示“如果没有”，谈论的是一种与事实相反的假设时，句子要用虚拟语气，此时without与but for的用法相同。
如果without谈论的只是一种普通的假设，并不强调与既定事实相反，则句子不用虚拟语气。
without 部分相当于一个条件状语从句，句子的时态根据具体语境确定，一般遵循虚拟语气的时态规则。
完成句子/改写句子
①_____________________ (没有了教育) I was throwing away, I'd turn to theft and go to prison.(2023·北京卷)
②Without your help and guidance, I should have failed.
＝________________________ your help and guidance, I should have failed.
＝________________________ your help and guidance, I should have failed.
Without the education
But for
If it weren't not for
素养挑战
Ⅰ.七选五
About 8% to 9% of school age children in the USA are homeschooled according to research. __1__ Many parents choose to homeschool also due to dissatisfaction with the educational quality of local schools. However, many parents considering homeschooling may be especially concerned about how homeschooling might affect their child's academic progress and social development. Does the research find any differences between homeschooled children and children in conventional schools
Homeschooled students tend to score higher on tests of academic skills when compared to children in public schools across most studies. __2__ The reason is that they don't consider important family demographic factors (人口因素) or compare self selected homeschooling families' test scores to national averages.
__3__ Some studies have found no difference in social skills between children in homeschool environments and conventional schools. Some studies have found that homeschooled children score higher on measures of social ability, and some have found that homeschooled children score lower on overall social skills.
Most studies find that homeschooled children tend to have higher college GPAs than children from conventional schools. In addition, most studies have found no difference between homeschooled and conventional students in college graduation rates. However, most homeschooled students don't attend competitive four year colleges and one study has found that homeschooled students may have lower math GPAs in college than children from conventional schools. __4__
It's important to note that this research is difficult to interpret because families that choose to homeschool are different from families who don't in many other ways. __5__ For example, we cannot conclude that homeschooling will improve your child's test scores since homeschooled children may have more educated mothers and it may be the mothers' educational levels that drive the higher test scores, not homeschooling itself.
A. The findings on social skills seem to be more mixed.
B. And some factors likely contribute to the results as well.
C. However, it's difficult to draw any conclusion from them.
D. They may have parents with higher income or educational levels.
E. As a result, they may be more likely to work in a lower paid job.
F. The most common reason is concern about the local school environment.
G. Homeschooled children usually study under a structured homeschool
program.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，关于在家上学的孩子和在传统学校上学的孩子有什么不同。
1. F　下文“Many parents choose to homeschool also due to dissatisfaction with the educational quality of local schools.(许多家长选择在家上学也是因为对当地学校的教育质量不满意。)”提到了选择在家上学的另外一个原因，选项F中reason是关键词与下文呼应，所以F选项“最常见的原因是担心当地的学校环境。”能衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。
2. C　上文“Homeschooled students tend to score higher on tests of academic skills when compared to children in public schools across most studies.(在大多数研究中，与公立学校的学生相比，在家上学的学生往往在学术技能测试中得分更高。)”提到了在家上学的学生的优势，下文“The reason is that they don't consider important family demographic factors (人口因素) or compare self selected homeschooling families' test scores to national averages.(原因是他们没有考虑重要的家庭人口因素，也没有将自主选择在家上学的家庭的考试成绩与全国平均水平进行比较。)”提到了没有考虑到的因素，选项C中However是关键词，与上文构成转折关系且引起下文，所以C选项“然而，很难从中得出任何结论。”符合语境。故选C。
3. A　下文“Some studies have found no difference in social skills between children in homeschool environments and conventional schools. Some studies have found that homeschooled children score higher on measures of social ability, and some have found that homeschooled children score lower on overall social skills.(一些研究发现，在家上学的孩子和传统学校的孩子在社交技能方面没有区别。一些研究发现，在家上学的孩子在社交能力方面得分更高，而另一些研究发现，在家上学的孩子在整体社交技能方面得分更低。)”提到了社交技能方面的比较，选项A中social skills是关键词，能引起下文内容，所以A选项“关于社交技能的研究结果似乎更加复杂。”能概括下文内容，是本段的主题句。故选A。
4. E　上文“However, most homeschooled students don't attend competitive four year colleges and one study has found that homeschooled students may have lower math GPAs in college than children from conventional schools.(然而，大多数在家上学的学生并没有进入竞争激烈的四年制大学，一项研究发现，在家上学的学生在大学里的数学平均成绩可能比传统学校的学生要低。)”提到了在家上学的学生的劣势，所以E选项“因此，他们可能更有可能从事低薪工作。”能承接上文，其中解题点they指代的是前句提到的传统学校的学生。故选E。
5. B　上文“It's important to note that this research is difficult to interpret because families that choose to homeschool are different from families who don't in many other ways.(值得注意的是，这项研究很难解释，因为选择在家上学的家庭与不选择在家上学的家庭在许多其他方面都是不同的。)”提到这项研究很难解释的原因，下文的For example进行了举例说明，B选项中factors是关键词，具有承上启下的作用，所以B选项“一些因素也可能对结果有影响。”能承上启下。故选B。
“七选五之语法手段(指代)”答题技能 第一步 识别代词：
快速阅读题目周围的句子，找出使用的主要代词(如they、this、it等)。
注意代词前后的内容，这有助于确定代词的具体指代对象。
第二步 上下文逻辑：
分析句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系等，这有助于理解代词的使用场景。
注意段落的主旨和各段之间的逻辑结构，这有助于预测代词可能指代的内容。
“七选五之语法手段(指代)”答题技能 第三步 选项对比：
将找出的选项中的代词与上下文中的信息进行对比，验证代词的指代是否与文意相符。
注意选项中代词的使用是否与原文中的代词在数量和意义上相匹配。
名师点睛：代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词或句子，我们可以巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。 Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·河北邯郸)
假定你是李华，一个月前你给校英文报专栏Interpersonal Relationships投稿，但尚未收到回复。请你写一封邮件询问，内容包括：
1. 简述稿件内容；
2. 询问稿件情况。
【精选佳作】根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Editor,
I contributed to your “Interpersonal Relationships” column a month ago. ①_________________________________(尚未收到任何回复), I'm writing to inquire about it.②__________________________________ (名为“同一个屋顶下的陌生人”), my article explores various practical strategies for us teenagers to maintain a harmonious parent child relationship. Does it ring a bell with you I'm eager to know if my contribution has been selected for publication or if any further modifications are needed.
Thank you for your attention. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
Not having received any response yet
Titled “Strangers Under the Same Roof ”　
【句式点拨】
I'm eager to know if my contribution has been selected for publication or if any further modifications are needed.
翻译：③________________________________________________________
————————————————————————————————
分析：句中if my contribution has been selected for publication和if any further modifications are needed为④________ 从句，其中if意为⑤“________”。
我很想知道我的投稿是否已经被选中进行出版，或者是否需要进一步的修改。
宾语
是否
【结构解析】
第一段：表明投稿未收到回复
第二段：
阐明具体想咨询的⑥_______　　　　
a.简述稿件内容
b.询问稿件情况
第三段：表达感谢并期待回复
内容