【高考突破方案】英语选必二U4听课手册-高考一轮总复习课件 译林版

(共44张PPT)
Optional compulsory 2
Unit 4　Living with technology
Ⅰ.话题单词
话题词汇
accelerate v. 加速　　　　　　　 aggravate v. 使恶化　　　　　
absurd/ridiculous adj. 荒唐的 portable adj. 便携的
cutting edge adj. 尖端的 disastrous adj. 灾难性的
soaring adj. 不断上升的 innovative adj. 创新的
cost effective adj. 划算的 unprecedented adj. 前所未有的
milestone n. 里程碑 robotics n. 机器人技术
biotechnology n. 生物科技 nanotechnology n. 纳米技术
bioprocessing n. 生物加工 programming n. 编程
telemedicine n. 远程医疗 bioinformatics n. 生物信息学
Ⅱ.话题词块
gene therapy 基因治疗　　　　　　 network security 网络安全
precision medicine 精准医疗 software development 软件开发
Artificial Intelligence (AI) 人工智能 advanced science 尖端科学
scientific invention 科学发明 a double edged sword 双刃剑
alternative fuel 可替代燃料 scientific exploration 科学探索
earth shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变 pose a threat to… 对……构成威胁
sustainable development 可持续性发展
make people's life easier 使人们生活更方便
promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展
make dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展
environmentally friendly resources 环保的能源
pay a heavy price for sth. 为……付出惨痛的代价
lay a solid foundation for… 为……奠定坚实的基础
have a far reaching impact on… 对……产生深远的影响
pave the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路
give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展
with the advent of advanced technology 随着高科技的到来
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. Though ad has brought us great convenience, it troubles us a lot at the same time.
虽然广告给我们带来了极大的便利，但同时也给我们带来了很多困扰。
2. With the rapid development of technology, we are able to do things that were unimaginable just a few decades ago.
随着科技的快速发展，我们能够完成几十年前无法想象的事情。
3. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are becoming increasingly popular as people seek to reduce their carbon footprint.
随着人们寻求减少碳足迹，太阳能和风能等可再生能源正变得越来越受欢迎。
4. The Internet is an essential tool for communication and access to information.
互联网是沟通和获取信息的重要工具。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Artificial intelligence (AI) can make 1.__________ (we) dream of letting a robot do all the work for us come true. 2._______ the basic level, AI is a branch of computer science that 3.______ (aim) to create intelligent machines 4._________ can learn from experience and also do deep learning. The dream of AI put forward in 1940s has finally been made 5.______ reality and it is already 6.___________ (apply) in many fields at present. Though this technology is transforming the way we live, some 7.__________ (scientist) are urging us 8.__________ (think) about the dangers 9.__________ (pose) by the advances in AI. Perhaps we should not be too 10.__________ (greed) and rather be careful what we wish for!
our
At　
aims　
which　
a
being applied
scientists
to think
posed　
greedy
单词通关
1. threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
教材原句： Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans (P45)会思考的机器会和人类一起工作，还是会威胁人类的生存
threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事 threaten sb. with sth. 用某事/某物威胁某人
threaten that… 威胁…… threatening adj. 威胁的，恐吓的
threatened adj. 受到威胁的
threat n. 构成威胁的人(或事物)；威胁，恐吓
under threat 受到威胁
单句语法填空/完成句子
①It's reported that many species in the world are threatened ________ extinction, so it is urgent to raise people's awareness of protection.
②David threatened _________ (report) his neighbour to the police if the damaged were not paid.
③只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
Only if we learn to exist in harmony with nature ___________________________ ___________ and to our planet.(话题写作之环境保护)
④水是我们最重要的资源之一，但它在全世界都受到威胁。
Water is one of our most critical resources, but ____________________________. (话题写作之环境保护)
with
to report
can we stop being a threat to
wildlife
it is under threat around the world
2. urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策n. 冲动，强烈的欲望
教材原句： As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.(P45)随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事
urge that… (从句多用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should do的形式，should可以省略)
the urge to do sth. 做某事的冲动
urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的 urgently adv. 紧急地；急切地
urgency n. 急切；紧迫
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The kind journalist has an urge __________ (help) people out when they're in trouble.
②The local villagers were in __________ (urge) need of help, so we urged the government ________ (take) action at once, for it was a matter of great ________ (urge).
③强烈要求父母要少上网，多陪孩子。
____________________________________________________ but more time
accompanying their children.(应用文写作之倡议书)
to help
urgent
urgency
to take
It is urged that parents (should) spend less time online
3. demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要
教材原句： Apparently, such warnings demand our attention.(P45) 显然，我们需要注意这样的警告。
demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求某物
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that…/it is demanded that… 要求……(从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should do的形式，should可以省略)
a/the demand for… 对……的需求/要求
in demand 需求大，受欢迎的
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) (for…) 满足某人(对……)的需求/要求
demanding adj. 要求高的；苛求的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Nowadays science graduates are ________ greater demand because advanced science has created more ____________ (demand) jobs.
②With China's development and prosperity(繁荣), the demand _____ putonghua lessons is on the increase.
③All people attending the meeting demanded that the disabled ______________ _____________ (treat) equally in life.
④到目前为止，为了满足患者对医疗保健的合理需求，提高医院的整体发展，已经做了很多工作。
So far, much has been done to _______________________________________ _________ and improve the overall development of hospitals.
in
demanding
for
(should) be
meet the reasonable demands of patients for health
treated
care
4. decrease vt. & vi. & n. 减少，降低
教材原句： This could not only save time, but also greatly decrease road traffic.(P48)这不仅可以节省时间，还可以大大减少道路上的车辆。
decrease to… 减少/降低到…… decrease by… 减少/降低了……
decrease from… to… 从……减少到…… decrease in… 在……方面减少
a decrease in… 在……方面减少 on the decrease 在减少
单句语法填空/完成句子
①As the graphic shows, retail sales(零售量)this year decreased ____ 20 percent.
②Any decrease _____ tourism could have a serious effect on the local economy.
③The rate of unemployment ______________ (已经降至) the lowest level.
④由于非法捕猎，野生动物的数量正在减少。
The number of wild animals is ______________ owing to illegal hunting.(应用文写作之倡议书)
by
in
has decreased to
on the decrease
5. bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入
教材原句： The time capsule, buried 50 feet below the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year 6939.(P51)时空胶囊被埋在一个公园地下50英尺处，被设计于6939年开启。
bury…in… 把……埋到……里
be buried in…＝bury oneself in… 专心致志于……
bury one's face in one's hands 某人双手掩面
单句语法填空/完成句子
①__________ (bury) in watching the football match in the stadium, she didn't know it was snowing outside.
②Mailboxes might be buried ____________ the snow, or broken, or lying on the ground, but the mail was always delivered.
③When she realized what had happened to her children, she _______________ ______________ (双手掩面) and cried.
④I just wanted to ______________________ (把自己埋在壳里) crying “I'm so different!”(2022·天津卷)
Buried
in
buried her face in
bury myself in my shell
her hands
6. engage vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系
教材原句： By delivering the content in a meaningful way, this new approach to learning manages to engage students' interest and enhance learning efficiency. (P53) 通过用一种富有意义的方式来呈现内容，这种新的学习方式能够吸引学生兴趣，提高学习效率。
engage (sb.) in sth. (使某人)参加/从事某事
engage sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 engage sb. as… 雇用某人为……
engaged adj. 忙于，从事于；已订婚的
be engaged in/on sth. 忙于/从事于某事 be engaged to sb.与某人订婚
engaging adj. 有趣的，令人愉快的，迷人的
engagement n. 雇用；约会，约定；订婚；密切关系
单句语法填空/改写句子
①Mary will be engaged _________ Tom soon, and their ____________ (engage) surprised all their friends and relatives.
②Julie has no idea of what is happening outside, totally engaged ______ reading a book.
③Previous to coming to this school, his father engaged a tutor __________ (help) him to improve his maths but in vain.
④Although you engage yourself in your study，you should set aside some time to get involved in some outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.(应用文写作之建议信)
＝Although _____________________, you should set aside some time to get involved in some outdoor activities such as hiking and skiing.(用过去分词短语作状语)
to
engagement
in
to help
engaged in your study
7. annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰
教材原句： Does it annoy you to see cars blocking the road like weeds when you are travelling (P55) 旅游时，你看到大量的汽车堵塞公路是否会感到烦躁
it annoys sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人生气
it annoys sb. that… 让某人生气的是……
annoying adj. 使恼怒的，使生气的，使烦恼的(表示事物的性质)
annoyed adj. 恼怒，生气，烦恼(表示人的感受)
be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气
be annoyed to do sth./that… ……使人生气
annoyance n. [U]恼怒，生气，烦恼；[C]使人烦恼的事，令人生气的事物
to sb.'s annoyance 让某人生气的是
单句语法填空
①His mother was annoyed _______ him for his being so rude to their neighbours.
②It was quite ____________ (annoy) that a fly was flying around me when I was doing my homework.
③My parents were rather __________ (annoy) that I hadn't told them about the accident.
④I was very annoyed ____________ (find) that the cinema was not accessible to the elderly.
with
annoying
annoyed
to find
一句多译
⑤让他感到烦恼的是，他发现他们没有等他。
________________________, he found they hadn't waited for him.(annoyance)
＝________________________ he found they hadn't waited for him.(用what引导的主语从句)
＝___________________ he found they hadn't waited for him.(用it作形式主语)
To his annoyance
What annoyed him was that
It annoyed him that
词块积累
spy on 暗中监视，窥探
教材原句： For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge.(P49) 例如，由于将来会有更多的人使用无人机来摄影，有人可能会在他人不知情的情况下监视他们并拍下他们的照片。
spy out 查明，了解清楚
a spy story/novel/movie 间谍故事/小说/电影
完成句子
①They were trying to _____________________________(查明敌人的位置).
②The police have been _________________________________(暗中监视着那个男人的动静).
spy out the enemy's position
spying on the man's movements
句式点拨
1. 动名词作宾语
教材原句： Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. (P44)想象一下，某天早上醒来，你可以选择躺在床上，按下一个按钮，让一个机器人为你做所有的工作。
①动名词可作动词宾语，也可作介词宾语；常用动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有mind、finish、suggest/advise、admit、delay/put off、fancy、avoid、miss、practise/practice、enjoy、appreciate、forbid、imagine、risk、allow/permit、escape、keep (on)、feel like、stick to、insist on、end up、be used/accustomed to、look forward to等。
②有些动词(短语)可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾语，意思却有差别。这些动词(短语)主要有：remember、forget、mean、regret、stop、try、can't help等。
③动名词可以带有自己的逻辑主语，通常是在动名词前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格形式，这便是动名词的复合结构。这一结构作宾语时，形容词性物主代词和名词所有格可以用人称代词宾格和名词普通格代替。
单句语法填空
①I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid __________ (miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.(2023·全国乙卷)
②Mike doesn't mean __________ (buy) a car this year.
③So, after __________ (study) the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
④But I ended up __________ (work) late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. (2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
⑤Put off __________ (watch) your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(2023·全国甲卷)
missing
to buy
studying
working
watching
2. with的复合结构
教材原句： With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes，we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines.(P45)现在随着像阿尔法围棋这样能够思考并从它们的错误中学习的机器的出现，我们正越来越接近人和机器的分界线。
with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等，也可作定语。宾语可由名词或代词充当，常见的with的复合结构有：
①with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行)
②with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或动作已完成)
③with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示动作尚未进行)
④with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词(表示宾语所处的状态)
单句语法填空
①From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city __________ (keep) its carefully built system of ring roads.(2023·全国乙卷)
②With a lot of problems ____________ (settle), the newly selected president is having a hard time.
①
keeping
to settle
用with的复合结构完成句子
③The square looks more beautiful _____________________ (所有的灯亮起来).
④_____________________ (随着天然气价格的上涨) and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train (2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
⑤The city lies in a valley _______________________________(高山环绕).
⑥Seeing him lying in bed ____________________________ (腿上缠着绷带), we felt sorry for him and hoped that he would get well soon.
with all lights on
With gas prices rising
with high mountains around it
with his leg wrapped by bandages
3. if 的虚拟语气
教材原句： And what would happen if they did (P45)如果它们做到了会怎样

情况 if条件句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
与现在 事实相反 过去式(be 用were) would/could/might/should＋动词原形
与过去 事实相反 had＋过去分词 would/could/might/should＋have done
与将来 事实相反 ①过去式(be 用 were) ②should＋动词原形 ③were to＋动词原形 would/could/might/should＋动词原形
单句语法填空/完成句子
①If I ______________________ (see) her next Monday, I would tell her about it.
②If their new safety system ___________ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
③______________ (如果我是你), I would lay a firm foundation for my future by working hard.
④If there were not so many new words, the text __________________________ _____________ (会简单得多).
saw/should see/were to see
had been put
If I were you
would/could/might/should be
much easier
素养挑战
Ⅰ.七选五
(2025·湖南长沙)
If there's one thing one absolutely never wants to see in any restaurants, it's a rat. When present in food preparation areas, rats can easily create a health and safety disaster serious enough to close your restaurant down. __1__
Rats often come indoors looking for food. __2__ Inspect your kitchen every night before closing to ensure that there are no leftovers. All food items should be sealed in airtight containers and stored correctly.
One or two rats can be swiftly dealt with. __3__ They multiply quickly if not taken care of straight away. To nip any invaders (入侵者) in the bud, be alert to signs of rats: rat droppings, chewed wood, paper, or food packaging and damaged food stores. If you spot any of the above signs, take immediate action and place a few rat traps nearby.
Food leftovers and out of date food make up the majority of waste produced by restaurant kitchens. The smell from an overflowing trash can bring every rat within a 5 mile radius (半径) to your door. __4__ For example, all food leftovers should be dealt with immediately and wrapped up securely, and trash cans should be emptied regularly throughout the course of the day.
__5__ You can help to keep rats well away by keeping the outside of your establishment clear. This means disbranching any overgrown plants, and clearing away any storing garbage at least 20 feet away from the building.
A. However, rats can reproduce throughout the year.
B. Cut down tall trees and clear garbage cans frequently.
C. So, how to keep your restaurant free from furry invaders
D. An essential step is, therefore, proper food handling and storage.
E. Make a firm set of rules with regards to garbage and stick to them.
F. Thick plants and boxes left out back can encourage rats to nest nearby.
G. Successfully keep your restaurant free from rats requires a group effort
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了餐厅防范老鼠的一些具体方法。
1. C　前文“If there's one thing one absolutely never wants to see in any restaurants, it's a rat. When present in food preparation areas, rats can easily create a health and safety disaster serious enough to close your restaurant down. (如果有一种东西是人们绝对不想在任何餐馆看到的，那就是老鼠。当老鼠出现在食物准备区域时，很容易造成健康和安全问题，严重到足以导致你的餐馆倒闭。)”提到人们不想在餐馆见到老鼠，老鼠的出现会带来严重的后果，后文给出了具体防范老鼠的方法，因此C项“So, how to keep your restaurant free from furry invaders (那么，如何让你的餐厅远离毛茸茸的入侵者呢 )”符合语境，提出餐厅防范老鼠的方法，承前启后，其中的your restaurant是同词复现，furry invaders指代前文的rats。故选C。
2. D　前文“Rats often come indoors looking for food. (老鼠经常到室内寻找食物。)”提到老鼠出现在餐厅内的原因，后文“Inspect your kitchen every night before closing to ensure that there are no leftovers. All food items should be sealed in airtight containers and stored correctly. (每晚打烊前检查厨房，确保没有剩菜剩饭。所有食物应密封于密闭容器内，并妥善存放。)”给出具体的处理和储存食物的方法，因此D项“An essential step is, therefore, proper food handling and storage. (因此，重要的一步是正确处理和储存食物。)”符合语境，指出要正确处理和储存食物，和前文是因果关系。故选D。
3. A　前文“One or two rats can be swiftly dealt with. (一两只老鼠可以很快处理。)”提到少量老鼠不构成威胁，后文“They multiply quickly if not taken care of straight away. (如果不及时处理，它们会快速繁殖。)”提醒要防范老鼠快速繁殖，因此A项“However, rats can reproduce throughout the year. (然而，老鼠可以全年繁殖。)”符合语境，提到老鼠全年繁殖，和前文构成转折，引出后文的提醒。故选A。
4. E　前文“Food leftovers and out of date food make up the majority of waste produced by restaurant kitchens. The smell from an overflowing trash can bring every rat within a 5 mile radius (半径) to your door. (剩饭剩菜和过期食物构成了餐馆厨房产生的大部分垃圾。满溢的垃圾散发出来的气味会把方圆5英里内的老鼠都招来。)”指出餐厅产生的垃圾会招来老鼠，后文“For example, all food leftovers should be dealt with immediately and wrapped up securely, and trash cans should be emptied regularly throughout the course of the day. (例如，所有的剩饭剩菜都应该立即处理并包装牢固，垃圾桶应该在一天中定期清空。)”举例说明应如何处理厨房垃圾，因此E项“Make a firm set of rules with regards to garbage and stick to them. (制定一套关于垃圾的严格规则，并坚持执行。)”符合语境，建议要执行严格的垃圾处理规则，是应对前文问题的方法，后文是对其进行例证。故选E。
5. F　后文“You can help to keep rats well away by keeping the outside of your establishment clear. This means disbranching any overgrown plants, and clearing away any storing garbage at least 20 feet away from the building. (你可以通过保持房子外面的整洁来帮助赶走老鼠。这意味着要修剪任何杂草丛生的植物，并清理离建筑物至少20英尺远的任何存放的垃圾。)”主要建议清除屋外混乱的植物和储存垃圾，以保持整洁，因此F项“Thick plants and boxes left out back can encourage rats to nest nearby. (茂密的植物和放置在屋后的盒子会促使老鼠在附近造窝。)”符合语境，指出屋外的植物和盒子容易招引老鼠，引出后文的建议。故选F。
“七选五之词汇手段(复现/同现)”答题技能 第一步 同词复现：如果选项中的词汇与原文中的词汇完全相同，这通常是一个直接的复现信号。
第二步 同义复现：当选项中的词汇以同义词的形式出现在原文中时，这也是一个重要的复现标志。例如，“difficult”，在选项中出现了“hard”，这属于同义复现。
第三步 近义词复现：如果选项中的词汇使用了原文中词汇的近义词，这也可以帮助确认选项的正确性。例如，“important”，在选项中被替换为“critical”，这属于近义词复现。
“七选五之词汇手段(复现/同现)”答题技能 第四步 逻辑一致性：确保所选选项不仅在词汇上与原文复现，而且在逻辑上也要与原文保持一致。例如，如果原文中提到了一个重要的决定因素，而选项中的描述与之相符，那么这个选项就更有可能是正确的。
名师点睛：通过这些技巧，考生可以更准确地识别和选择与原文内容高度相关的选项，从而提高七选五题目的解题成功率。 Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·浙江宁波)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Steve在邮件中告诉你他想来你所在的城市旅游。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 欢迎他的到来；
2. 给予建议(景点和美食等)；
3. 表达祝愿。
【精选佳作】根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Steve,
I was thrilled to receive your email about ①__________________________
_________(你即将去我住的城市旅行)!
It's a fantastic place with so much to offer. You'll love the breathtaking views from the city's highest peak, and the beauty of the lake in the park. Be sure to taste our local cuisine, particularly the succulent roast duck and the exquisitely seasoned street food at the night market.
I'm looking forward to being your guide and making your stay memorable. Have a safe trip, and ②______________________________________________ (愿你享受你在这里探索的每一刻)!
Yours,
Li Hua
may you enjoy every moment of your exploration here　
live in
your upcoming trip to the city I
【句式点拨】
You'll love the breathtaking views from the city's highest peak, and the beauty of the lake in the park.
翻译：③_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
分析：句中and并列了两个④________短语。
你会喜欢从城市最高峰看到的令人惊叹的景色，以及公园里美丽的湖泊。
名词
【结构解析】
第一段：对他的到来表示⑤__________　　
第二段：简单地提供旅游建议
第三段：提出实质性的帮助，并表达祝愿
a.观赏美景
b.品尝美食
欢迎