【高考突破方案】英语选必三U2听课手册-高考一轮总复习课件 译林版

(共36张PPT)
Optional compulsory 3
Unit 2　Out of this world
Ⅰ.话题单词
话题词汇
weightless adj. 失重的，无重量的　 orbit n. 轨道　　　　　　
hatch n. 舱门 detector n. 探测器
shuttle n. 航天飞机 capsule n. 太空舱
telescope n. 望远镜 take off n. 起飞
astronomy n. 天文学 galaxy n. 星系，银河(系)
gravity n. 重力，地球引力 observatory n. 天文台；气象台
countdown n. 倒数读秒，倒计时　　　　　
lift off n. (航天器的)发射，起飞，升空
touchdown n. (飞机或宇宙飞船的)着陆，降落
probe n. 航天探测器
Ⅱ.话题词块
solar cell 太阳电池　　　　　　 black hole 黑洞　　　　　　　
launch pad 发射平台 landing area 着陆区
solar panel 太阳能电池板 space outfits/suits 太空服
manned space flight 载人航天 unmanned spaceship/spacecraft 无人飞船
space docking 空间对接 dock with 与……对接
collect samples 采样 3D projection 3D 投影
launch a rocket 发射火箭 China Aerospace 中国航天
in good condition 状态良好　　　　 take in a lunar eclipse 观看月食
break new ground 开辟了新的领域 the cutting edge of ……的技术前沿
rendezvous and docking 交会对接 the facilities and equipment 设施和设备
remarkable achievements 非凡的成就 extraordinary contributions 杰出贡献
advance by leaps and bounds 突飞猛进
lunar exploration adventure 月球探索冒险
at/in/to the forefront (of sth.) 处于(……的)最前列
various pre launch function checks 发射前各种功能检查
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. The challenges of space travel remind us to constantly push ourselves to overcome obstacles.
太空旅行的挑战提醒我们不断地推动自己克服障碍。
2. The knowledge gained from space missions can help us better understand and protect our home planet.
从太空任务中获得的知识可以帮助我们更好地理解和保护我们的家园。
3. Space exploration fuels innovation and technological advancements that benefit all of humanity.
太空探索推动了有利于全人类的创新和技术进步。
4. The pursuit of space exploration pushes the boundaries of human potential and achievement.
对太空探索的追求推动了人类潜力和成就的界限。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Living in space is every would be astronaut's dream. Life on a space station differs from that on the Earth. It is the low gravity that 1.___________ (make) ordinary things strange. Due 2.__________ the near absence of gravity in space, it's strange that we try to sleep by attaching ourselves. The routine tasks are 3.__________ (demand) but extremely rewarding. We conduct scientific research, carry out experiments and do some cleaning. The most challenging and probably the most dangerous work is spacewalking. That's 4.__________ every spacewalk is carefully planned. In space, eating is also different from 5.__________ back on the Earth. Most food is dried or freeze dried and it's a luxury to eat fresh food.
makes
to
demanding
why
that
Furthermore, 6.__________ (keep) our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills. 7.___________ (spend) some time in the gym
is of vital importance to astronauts' health. We have to be tied onto the 8._______ (special) designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around. During our leisure time, we like sitting back with 9._______ rest of the crew, watching our remarkable planet go by, taking pictures and enjoying the sunrise every 90 minutes. In these precious moments, all the 10.____________ (challenge) of life in space seem worth it.
specially　
the　
challenges
to keep
Spending
单词通关
1. absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席
教材原句：Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around. (P16) 由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定起来，这样我们才不会到处漂浮。
in the absence of sth.缺乏某物
in sb.'s absence＝in the absence of sb.某人不在时
absence from 缺席，不在
absence of mind 心不在焉，精神不集中
absent adj. 缺席；不存在，心不在焉的
be absent from 缺席，不在
absent minded adj. 健忘的；心不在焉的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The _________ (absent) of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high quality teaching and student success. (2023·北京卷)
②Addicted to playing computer games, he is always absent ___________ school.
③我写信向你道歉，因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。
I'm writing to ___________________________________ your birthday party last weekend.(应用文写作之道歉信)
④_____________________________(心不在焉是没礼貌的) when other people talk to you.
absence
from
apologize to you for being absent from
It is impolite to be absent minded
2. occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
教材原句：The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. (P16) 占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高，但是也会非常有意义。
occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 从事于/忙于/专心于某事
occupy one's mind/thoughts/attention 使头脑全神贯注/集中注意力
occupied adj. 使用中，有人使用(或居住)；被占领的，被侵占的；忙于
be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 忙于/专心于某事[＝be busy with sth./(in) doing sth.＝be employed (in) doing sth.＝be engaged in sth.]
be occupied with nothing 无所事事，游手好闲
occupation n. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；职业
单句语法填空
①To keep his restless students occupied __________ an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. (2022·天津卷)
②He is a teacher and his time is fully ____________ (occupy) with his students.
③I suppose I was looking for an ____________ (occupy) which was going to be an adventure.
with
occupied
occupation
改写句子
④Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn, they spared no time to play around.
＝______________________________________________, they spared no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语)
＝___________________________________, they spared no time to play around.
(用过去分词短语作状语)
Occupying themselves (in) making and selling popcorn
Occupied (in) making and selling popcorn
3. crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的
教材原句：Hubble observations have played a crucial role in the discovery of the mysterious dark energy. (P20) 哈勃(太空望远镜)的观测在发现神秘的暗能量方面发挥了至关重要的作用。
play a crucial role in 在……方面发挥了至关重要的作用
be crucial to 对……来说至关重要
it is crucial that… 至关重要的是……(＝it is essential/vital that…)
crucially adv. 关键地
crucially important 至关重要
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial _______ growth. (2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
②Good indoor air quality is ____________ (crucial) important for all of us.
③___________________________ (至关重要的是) we have confidence in our future.
④___________________________ (幸福是一个至关重要的概念). We spend all of our lives pursuing it, so it deserves a very careful analysis.
⑤Positive study habits and attitudes ___________________________________ (在语言学习方面发挥了至关重要的作用).
to
It is crucial/essential/vital that　
play a crucial role in language learning
crucially
Happiness is a crucial concept
4. coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
教材原句：Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage. (P26) 航空业中的职业远不只是受到媒体广泛报道的宇航员。
the coverage of… ……的报道；……的覆盖范围
cover v. 报道；覆盖；遮盖；行走；包括，涉及；够付 n. 覆盖物；掩护；封面
cover the event 报道这件事
(read) from cover to cover 从头至尾(读)，从头到尾一页不漏(读)
cover…with… 用……盖住…… be covered with 覆盖着……
be covered by 被……覆盖 cover an area of… 占地面积为……
under cover 隐藏着，秘密地，秘而不宣
the front/back cover 封面/封底
单句语法填空/写出下列句中画线部分的含义
①The incident has received wide __________ (cover) in the press.
②He kept the important information __________ cover.
③The 2.5 hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more.(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷) ________________
④To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷) ________________
coverage
under
包括
封面　
⑤The media covered the Youth Olympic Games held in Nanjing in a variety of forms. ________________
⑥The firm hardly covers its costs; it hasn't made a profit for years. ________________
⑦Inspired by the meeting held in Beijing, he decided to cover the route by hiking. ________________
⑧The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket covering the desert. ________________
报道
够付
行走
覆盖
词块积累
1. in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
教材原句：In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk. (P17) 在这种情况下，是时候来场太空行走了。
in/under certain circumstances 在某些情况下
in/under no circumstances 决不，无论如何都不(位于句首，要部分倒装)
提示
表示“决不”且与in/under no circumstances用法类似的常用词组还有in no case、at no time、by no means、in no way、on no account、on no condition等。
完成句子
①在这种情况下，我必须放弃我的计划。
I had to give up my plan ___________________________.
②在任何情况下，都决不应该放弃你的梦想。
Under no circumstances__________________ your dreams.
in/under the circumstances
should you give up
2. in view of鉴于，考虑到
教材原句：In view of the low gravity environment, eating is also different in space.(P17) 鉴于低重力环境，太空中的饮食也有所不同。
view…as… 将……视为……
be in view 在视野中(＝be in sight)
be on view 在展出，陈列着(＝be on show)
in one's view＝from one's point of view 依照某人的观点
point of view 观点；考虑角度
at first view 初看，一见(就)
come into view 进入视野
完成句子
①____________________ (考虑到天气), we will cancel the outing.
②______________________________ (依我看来), if you want to learn English well, you need to do more listening, speaking, reading and writing.
③Administrators often don't ______________________ (视卓越教学为) a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(2023·北京卷)
④____________________________ (从21世纪的角度来看), the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
In view of the weather
In my view或from my point of view　
view teaching excellence as
From a 21st century point of view
句式点拨
so that引导的目的状语从句
教材原句：Salt and pepper are only in liquid form, so that they will not float away and block the air pipes. (P17) 盐和胡椒只能以液体的形式存在，这样它们就不会浮起来堵塞气管。
①so that、in order that表示“以便，所以”，引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词多用“情态动词(can/could/may/might/will/would)＋动词原形”。
Please turn off the light so that I can go to sleep.
②for fear that、in case、lest表示“以防，免得”。
He is working hard for fear that he should fail.
③so…that…引导的从句请看教材必修第一册第一单元句型讲解。
提示
so that引导目的状语从句不能放在句首；in order that引导目的状语从句可放在句首。
完成句子
①With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem _____________ _____________________________ (以便快速行驶的列车就能及时作出反应). (2022·全国乙卷)
②It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones ________________ _____________ (以便他们很容易地包装它们). (2023·全国甲卷)
③We students practice together in the school gym from 5:00 pm to 6:00 pm every day _______________________________________________ (以便我们可以为观众提供一场精彩的比赛).
so that fast
moving trains would be able to
so that they can pack
so that we can provide the audience with a fantastic match
them easily
素养挑战
Ⅰ.七选五
(2025·湖南长沙)
Humans have a need to share their beliefs and values with other people. __1__ This has a solid logic: Sharing emotions and opinions can lead to imitation (模仿), which can in turn create unity and enhance relationships.
Besides creating a bond, another reason you might want someone to model themselves on your feelings is to get them to alter their views. __2__ The choice will depend on the other person's situation. If he/she already agrees with you, then your negativity can raise the intensity of his/her views.
__3__ Sometimes, people you are talking to don't already think the way you do. They will simply judge your statement to be hyperbolic (浮夸的) and biased. And you won't get them to imitate you at all. To an even greater degree, if they disagree with you, what you say will harden their values against yours. __4__ When people are offended over the opinions they hold, they are much more likely to dig into their position against that of the speaker.
Imagine a person came to your house with a beautiful bunch of flowers. But when you opened the door, he/she hit you with the flowers. __5__
So, if you want to be more persuasive, consider the specific situations and share them more positively—in other words, turn your beliefs and values into a gift, rather than a weapon.
A. One size, however, won't fit for all.
B. This is the so called backfire effect.
C. All you would want is to get the person out of the way.
D. When you feel strongly about something, it's hard not to talk about it.
E. This is essentially the result of using your flowers negatively as weapons.
F. To achieve the goal, you can outline your views either positively or negatively.
G. Positive emotions may be better at leading to imitation than negative emotions.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述我们在试着说服他人时，有时会适得其反，试着用更加积极、委婉的语言风格不失为一个好方法。
1. D　上文“Humans have a need to share their beliefs and values with other people.(人类需要与他人分享他们的信仰和价值观。)”提到人类需要与他人分享自己的信仰和价值观，D项“当你对某事有强烈的感觉时，你很难不去谈论它”进一步阐述上文，说明人类需要分享的原因。故选D。
2. F　上文“Besides creating a bond, another reason you might want someone to model themselves on your feelings is to get them to alter their views.(除了建立联系之外，你可能希望别人以你的感受为榜样的另一个原因是让他们改变自己的观点。)”提到人们分享的另一个原因——想让对方改变他们自己的观点，F项“为了实现这个目标，你可以用积极或消极的方式来表达你的观点”承接上文，F项中“the goal”指代上文的“to get them to alter their views”。故选F。
3. A　上文提到分享是为了改变别人的观点，根据下文“Sometimes, people you are talking to don't already think the way you do. They will simply judge your statement to be hyperbolic (浮夸的) and biased.(有时候，与你交谈的人不像你那样思考。他们只会认为你的陈述是夸张和有偏见的。)”可知，本段和上文是转折关系，A项“然而，一种尺寸不会适合所有人”符合语境。故选A。
4. B　根据上文“And you won't get them to imitate you at all. To an even greater degree, if they disagree with you, what you say will harden their values against yours.(你根本不会让他们模仿你。在更大程度上，如果他们不同意你的观点，你所说的话会使他们的价值观与你的价值观相对立。)”和下文“When people are offended over the opinions they hold, they are much more likely to dig into their position against that of the speaker.(当人们持有的观点被冒犯时，他们更有可能深入研究自己的立场，反对说话者的立场。)”可知，上下文都是在说你不仅无法改变别人的观点，反而会让别人更加坚持自己的观点，B项“这就叫逆火效应”符合语境。故选B。
5. E　上文“Imagine a person came to your house with a beautiful bunch of flowers. But when you opened the door, he/she hit you with the flowers.(想象一下，一个人带着一束美丽的花来到你家。但是当你打开门时，他/她用花打你。)”提到别人带着一束花来到你家，却用花打你，E项“这主要是由于将给你的花作为武器负面使用的结果”解释上述行为的原因。故选E。
“七选五之句际逻辑关系(转折关系)”答题技能 第一步 识别转折关系标志词(组)：表示转折关系常用的标志词(组)包括：however、nevertheless、nonetheless、still、though、yet、in spite of、on the contrary、in contrast、by contrast等。
第二步 应用转折关系：在浏览完七个选项后，根据选项中转折关系的特点，快速定位与本句意思形成对比的情景。例如，如果选项A中使用了though作为副词，这通常相当于as、however，可以用来表示对比。
第三步 结合文章内容：在确定了转折关系后，结合文章的具体内容，进行传统的文章阅读模式，即逐句阅读理解，边阅读边进行信息匹配。
名师点睛：通过这些技巧，考生可以更有效地识别和利用转折关系，从而提高七选五题型的解题正确率。 Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·江苏徐州)
假定你是高中生李华，你得知已回国的外教Mr. Thomas的50岁生日即将到来。请你写一封邮件给他所在城市的花店，为他订购生日花束，内容包括：
1. 具体要求；
2. 代写卡片。
【精选佳作】根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I hope this email finds you well. I am Li Hua, a high school student. I would like to ①________________________________________ (为我以前的老师订了一束生日花束), Mr. Thomas, who is turning 50 soon.
First of all, please include a selection of bright joyful flowers ②__________ ___________________ (适合庆祝生日). Additionally, I would appreciate it if you could include a card with the message: “Happy 50th Birthday, Mr. Thomas! Wishing you a year filled with health and happiness. Best wishes, Li Hua.”
Please let me know if you require any further details or payment information.
Warm regards,
Li Hua
order a birthday bouquet for my former teacher
suitable for
a birthday celebration
【句式点拨】
Wishing you a year filled with health and happiness.
翻译：③_________________________________________________________
分析：句中filled with health and happiness为a year的④________语。
祝您拥有充满健康和幸福的一年。
定
【结构解析】
第一段
第二段：
a.简单介绍自己
b.并交代写信的目的（为老师订购花束）
订购花束的具体⑤______　　　　
内容
a.对花束的具体要求
b.代写卡片，并写出卡片的内容
第三段：可再沟通细节