【高考突破方案】英语必修三U1听课手册-高考一轮总复习课件 译林版

(共39张PPT)
Compulsory 3
Unit 1　Nature in the balance
Ⅰ.话题单词
话题词汇
surround v. 包围 downtown adv. 在市中心
located/situated adj. 位于 urban adj. 城市的 remote adj. 偏远的
broad adj. 宽阔的 steep adj. 陡峭的 mountainous adj. 多山的coastal adj. 沿海的 distant adj. 远处的，遥远的
basin n. 盆地 forest n. 森林 jungle n. 丛林，密林mountain n. 山 valley n. 山谷，溪谷
desert n. 沙漠 mainland n. 大陆 stream n. 小河，溪
hillside n. 小山坡 harbour n. 海港 capital n. 首都
landmark n. 地标 spot n. 地点 v. 发现
Ⅱ.话题词块
in the distance 在远处 in the long run 从长远来看
in possession of 占有，拥有 cover an area of 面积有……
be in short supply 供应不足 be rich/abundant in 盛产……
take on a new look 呈现新面貌 have a population of 有……人口
be surrounded by/with 被……包围 a wide variety of food 种类繁多的食物
with/have a history of 有……的历史 within one's reach 在某人够得着的地方
within walking/driving distance 步行/开车可及
enjoy yourself hearing birds singing in trees 享受听鸟儿在树上唱歌的乐趣
watch fish swimming in clear water 看鱼儿在清澈的水中游泳
Only One Earth, Care and Share 只有一个地球——一齐关心，共同分享
what impresses you most is probably that… 你印象最深刻的可能是……
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. Located in the south of China, Guangzhou is considered as one of the most modern cities in our country.
广州位于中国的南部,被认为是我国最现代化的城市之一
2. The West Lake, with hills on three sides and many beautiful parks around, attracts a large number of visitors at home and abroad.
西湖,三面环山,周围有很多美丽的公园,吸引着大量的国内外游客
3. New Zealand is an island country which lies off the eastern coast of Australia. It
is made up of two major islands.
新西兰是一个位于澳大利亚东海岸附近的岛国 它由两个主要岛屿组成
4. Britain, with an area of 244,100 square kilometres and a population of 67,596,000, is located in the northwest of the European Continent, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean.
英国占地24.41万平方千米,人口6 759.6万,位于欧洲大陆西北部,被大西洋包围
Ⅳ.语法填空
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 1._________ (cross) into eight countries and covering an area of around 6 million square kilometres on the South American continent, the Amazon rainforest, 2.__________ name is got from the Amazon River which supports many different ecosystems. These ecosystems give the area the 3.__________ (rich) biodiversity on the Earth. There 4._______ (be) more than 40,000 plant species in the Amazon rainforest. Different wildlife exists in different levels of the forest and each level
crossing
whose
richest
are
of the forest forms 5.__________ (it) own little world, supporting an unbelievable 6.__________ (various) of living things. At the same time, quantities of plants and animals help to form 7.________ forest's food chain. For example, as one element of the food chain, jaguars feed on at least 87 species and in turn a tiny army of microorganisms will break 8.__________ jaguars' bodies after their death, thus returning the nutrients to the earth. Though known as the “lungs of the planet”, 9.___________ (fortunate), over the past 50 years, much of the Amazon rainforest has disappeared and more species are in danger of extinction due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. We cannot afford 10.__________ (damage) the “lungs of the planet”.
its
variety
the/this
down
unfortunately
to damage
单词通关
1. harm n. & vt. 伤害，损害
教材原句：The human race has done much harm. (P1)人类造成了很多危害。
do/cause harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某物造成伤害
do more harm than good 弊大于利
come to no harm＝not come to any harm 没有受到伤害/损害
there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处
harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害
harmless adj. 无害的
be harmless to sb./sth. 对某人/某物无害
单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译
①There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing __________ (harm) gases, such as carbon dioxide.(2023·全国乙卷)
②The dogs look fierce, but actually they are __________ (harm).
③Modern farming methods have done considerable harm ______ the countryside.
④电子产品占据我们的时间，而且对眼睛有害。
Electronic products occupy our time and __________________________ our eyes.
⑤她看到孩子们没有出事，松了一口气。
She was relieved to see the children _________________________.
＝She was relieved to see the children _________________________.
harmful
harmless
to
are harmful to或do/cause harm to
had come to no harm
hadn't come to any harm
2. survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难
教材原句：While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.(P3)尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。
survive sth. 幸免于
survive on… 靠……存活
A survive B by＋时间 A比B多活多长时间
survival n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
fight for survival 为生存而奋斗
the survival of the fittest 适者生存
survivor n. 幸存者
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Major Hawkins was the only _________ (survive) of the crash.
②The _________ of the earthquake are fighting for _________.(survive)
③I don't know how you all manage to survive _________ Jeremy's salary.
④He ________________________ (在事故中幸免于难) without any injury.
survivor
survivors
survival
on
survived the accident
3. disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪
教材原句：Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.(P3)在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。
disappear from view/sight 从视线中消失
disappear into… 消失在……中
disappearance n. 消失，失踪
appear v. 出现，呈现；显得，看来，似乎
appear (to be)＋adj./n. 似乎……，看起来……
appear to do sth. 似乎/可能做某事
it appears (that…) 似乎……，看起来……
appearance n. 出现；外观，外貌
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Her sudden ____________ (appear) was very worrying.
②The disease also had an impact on her ____________ (appear).
③既惊讶又尴尬，她感觉好像所有的空气都要消失了，全世界的人都在看着她。
Amazed and embarrassed, she feels as if ________________________ and people around the world were watching her.(读后续写之心理描写)
disappearance
appearance
all the air was to disappear
4. consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性
face/take the consequence 面对/承担后果
as a consequence＝in consequence 结果，因此(＝as a result)
as a consequence of…＝in consequence of… 由于……的缘故(＝as a result of…)
consequent adj. 随之发生的
consequently adv. 因此，所以
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The inability to engage with longer term causes and ____________ (consequent) leads to some of the world's most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more.(2023·北京卷)
②The rise in inflation and ____________ (consequence) fall in demand impacted many people.
③He broke the law, and now he ______________________________________ (必须承担自己的行为所带来的后果). 　
consequences
consequent
must take the consequences of his actions
④He lost his legs in an accident, and as a result, his life was completely destroyed.
＝He lost his legs in an accident, and ______________, his life was completely destroyed.
＝He lost his legs in an accident, and ______________________________, his life was completely destroyed.
＝____________________________________ losing his legs in an accident, his life was completely destroyed.
consequently
as a consequence或in consequence
As a consequence of或In consequence of
改写句子
词块积累
1. break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障；(身体)垮掉；消除；砸破
教材原句：When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.(P3) 当美洲豹死亡后，一小群微生物帮助分解其尸体，让营养物质返回到泥土中。
break up 破裂，解散；破碎；结束 break in 打断；强行进入
break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等) break off 折断；突然停止
break out 突然开始，爆发；逃离 break through 突破；克服，战胜
break away from… 逃脱……；摆脱……
提示
break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break into是及物动词短语，后面要接宾语。break in是不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语。
用break短语的正确形式填空
①A neighbor asked for the music to be turned down and the party _____________.
②Tom had worked under so much pressure for so long a time and his health ______________ in the end.
③A thief ______________ last night and stole a lot of jewelry.
④When he came back, he found his house _____________________ last night.
⑤The pickpocket __________________ the policeman and ran away.
⑥When a fire ______________ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.
⑦We attempted to ______________ the lines of the enemy.
⑧She told the story, _____________ now and then to wipe the tears from her eyes.
⑨Sugar and starch(淀粉) ______________ in the stomach.
broke up
broke down
broke in
had been broken into
broke away from　
broke out
break through
breaking off
broke down
2. come up with 想出，想到
教材原句：All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems.(P6) 他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了创造性的想法。
come up 出现；被提及；走近；发芽；(太阳)升起
come down with 患/染上(小病)
come out 出版；开花；(太阳、月亮或星星)出现
come about 发生
come across (偶然)遇见，发现；被理解
come to 总计；达到
when it comes to (doing) sth. 当谈到……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①As soon as the project came ________ at the meeting, it attracted many people's attention.
②Specialists can come up ______ new ways to solve the problem of air pollution.
③When we read newspapers, we often come __________ such English words as “AIDS” and “PK”.
④When it comes to ____________ (improve) spoken English, my advice is that you should listen to and speak English every day.
⑤________________________________ (当谈到我最喜欢的季节), spring will always occur to me in no time.(读后续写之环境描写)
up
with
across
improving
When it comes to the season I like best
句式点拨
1. 倍数＋the＋名词＋of…
教材原句：With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. (P2)亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。
常见的倍数表达法：
①倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/weight…)＋of＋被比较的对象
②倍数＋as＋adj./adv. (原级)＋as…
③倍数＋比较级＋than…
④倍数＋what…
提示
以上句式中的倍数可以是once、twice、three times、four times等，也可以是half、分数、百分数等。
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The price of the house this year is five times ________ it was ten years ago.
②This river is three times the ________ (long) of that one.
③This mountain is twice ________ (high) than the one I climbed last week.
④Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
⑤新建的图书馆是以前的三倍大。
The newly built library is _____________________ the previous one.
＝The newly built library is _____________________ the previous one.
＝The newly built library is _____________________ the previous one.
what
length
higher
the
three times as large as
twice larger than
three times the size of
2. 不定式后省略动词
教材原句：You can watch it online if you want to.(P6)如果你想看的话，可以在线观看。
为了避免重复，在want to、like to、love to、hope to、try to、expect to、intend to、be afraid to、prefer to、need to等结构后的内容常省略，但是如果省略内容中有be动词或助动词have时，be或have要保留。
补全句子
①—Would you like to have dinner with me
—Yes, ________________.
②—You went out to play last night without finishing your homework. You ought to have finished it.
—I know I ________________.
③—What's the matter with John He looks down.
—Well, Uncle Li didn't allow him to go to the concert, but he still hopes _______.
I would like to
ought to have
to
3. “so＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语”表示前者的情况同样适用于后者
教材原句：As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.(P8)随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。
①“so＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所述的肯定情况也适用于后者，意为“……也一样”。
②“neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者，意为“……也不……”。
③“so it is with”或“it is the same with＋名词/代词宾格”表示前面的混合情况(肯定和否定的混合或没有统一的助动词)也适用于后者，意为“……也一样”。
④“so＋主语＋助动词/系动词/情态动词”表示对上述情况的赞同或证实，意为“……确实如此，……的确如此”。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I will go to the park tomorrow morning, ________ will he.
②Joe's wife won't go to the party tomorrow, ___________ will he.
③A fish needs water and without water it will die. It is the same ________ a man.
④He's an honest worker and works hard. _______________________________ _________ (你也一样).
⑤You say he works hard, ________________________(他的确如此，并且你也很努力).
so
neither/nor
with
So it is with you或It is the same with
so he does and so do you
you
素养挑战
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·湖南长沙)
In an era where policymakers neglect play's significance, its absence from national agendas highlights its overlooked status. Since 2008, the UK has lacked a unified play plan, with the Conservative Party (保守党) neglecting previous Labour efforts (unlike Scotland and Wales). Some non profit organizations are trying hard, yet their impact and resources are limited.
The sudden stop to a parliamentary report on children and the built environment, which was close to ending during the election calls, highlights the previous administration's disrespect for the issue. The Children's Minister, David Johnston, reinforced this neglect by refusing to provide evidence, signaling a broader lack of attention to children's well being.
Amid Labour's proposals to ease planning regulations to ensure that new developments meet children's needs, play should take on a more notable role. Even in educational settings, play could offer a healthy alternative to excessive screen time. Experts, including Professor Heler Dodd, stress that the scarcity of opportunities for unstructured and adventurous play contributes to rising anxiety among young people. The well documented connection between sedentary (惯于久坐不动的) lifestyles, poor diets, and unhealthy weights emphasizes the importance of addressing this issue immediately.
The Centre for Young Lives, founded by Anne Longfield, the former Children's Commissioner for England, has taken the initiative by launching a commission to advance this critical agenda. A suggested solution is to incorporate (使并入) play into Office for Standards in Education's inspection framework, although concerns arise about the potential for turning children's leisure activities into a game or assigning grades.
While play is a natural part of childhood, the new government must go beyond the assumption that children will naturally benefit from play without the guidance of strategic policies. Francis Al s's video artwork serves as a powerful reminder of the richness and value of play, emphasizing its potential to enrich lives and foster creativity.
Bridget Phillipson, the freshly appointed Education Minister, stands ready to back this vital cause. By acknowledging the urgency to restore play as a cornerstone of childhood, she can pave the way for a brighter, more energetic future for our youth. The moment to act is upon us, and the potential for success is high.
1. What's the main problem about play in the UK
A. The lack of non profit organizations' support.
B. The election of a new anti play government.
C. The neglect of the crucial role of play in national agendas.
D. The success of Scotland and Wales in applying play policies.
2. What is a contributing factor to rising anxiety among young people
A. Excessive screen time.
B. A lack of adventurous play.
C. Structured play opportunities.
D. A healthy lifestyle.
3. What's the main purpose of writing this article
A. To ease planning regulations to meet kids' needs.
B. To incorporate play into education to limit screen time.
C. To promote adventure activities for children.
D. To re emphasize the importance of play in childhood.　　　　　　　　　　
4. What's the tone of Bridget Phillipson in the last paragraph
A. Optimistic. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral.
答案及解析：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了英国政府忽视儿童游戏的重要性，并呼吁将游戏作为童年的重要组成部分加以重视。
1. C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In an era where policymakers neglect play's significance, its absence from national agendas highlights its overlooked status.(在一个决策者忽视游戏重要性的时代，游戏在国家议程上的缺失凸显了其被忽视的地位。)”可知，游戏在英国面临的主要问题是它在国家议程中被忽视。故选C。
2. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Experts, including Professor Heler Dodd, stress that the scarcity of opportunities for unstructured and adventurous play contributes to rising anxiety among young people.(包括Heler Dodd教授在内的专家强调，缺乏无结构的冒险游戏机会导致年轻人焦虑情绪上升。)”可知，年轻人焦虑增加的一个因素是缺乏冒险游戏。故选B。
3. D　文章意图题。根据文章的整体内容，特别是最后一段中的“By acknowledging the urgency to restore play as a cornerstone of childhood, she can pave the way for a brighter, more energetic future for our youth.(通过认识到恢复游戏作为童年基石的紧迫性，她可以为我们的青年开辟一个更加光明、更充满活力的未来。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是重新强调游戏在童年的重要性。故选D。
4. A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Bridget Phillipson, the freshly appointed Education Minister, stands ready to back this vital cause.(新任命的教育部长Bridget Phillipson准备好了支持这一至关重要的事业。)”以及“The moment to act is upon us, and the potential for success is high.(行动的时刻到了，成功的潜力很高。)”可知，Bridget Phillipson的态度是乐观的。故选A。
“推理判断题之文章意图题”答题技能 第一步 判断文体：
广告类应用文常常通过介绍产品、服务、旅游景点、报纸杂志、影片、电视节目等达到推销产品或服务的目的(to advertise/encourage…)；
故事类记叙文的写作意图通常是娱乐读者或给读者教益(to entertain/educate…)；
议论文及评论类的文章，作者往往是要说服读者接受或赞同自己的观点(to argue/persuade/call for…)；
科普类、新闻报道类的文章，作者主要是想说明情况或阐明事理(to inform/stress/explain/introduce…)。
第二步 总结主旨：有些较难判断文体的文章，可以通过总结文章的主旨或归纳各段的主旨推断作者的写作意图。
名师点睛：主要考查考生对英语文本的整体感知或理解能力，做此类题的关键是要了解文章的体裁和题材，把握文章的主题思想。 Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·湖南长沙)
你校将于下月举办以“团结就是力量(Unity Is Strength)”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 团结的重要性；
2. 提出建议；
3. 发出倡议。
【精选佳作】根据中文补全语篇：
Unity Is Strength
As the saying goes, ①_______________________________(“众人拾柴火焰高。”). United, we can overcome any difficult problems and achieve remarkable accomplishments. Therefore, it's important for us to be united. Then how can we make it
First, be cooperative in your work and life and make contributions to the common goal, as no project can be completed by a single person. Second, communicate more to have a better understanding of others and lend them a hand when necessary. Third, ②_____________________________________________ (学会宽容，与他人和谐相处).
Let's be united and fight for a better tomorrow!
“Many hands make light work.”
learn to be tolerant and live in harmony with others
【句式点拨】
Second, communicate more to have a better understanding of others and lend them a hand when necessary.
翻译：③_________________________________________________________
分析：句中and并列了两个④________句；when necessary是状语从句的省略，补充完整为⑤________________________。
第二，更多地沟通以便更好地理解他人，并在必要时帮助他们。
祈使
when it is necessary
第一段：总概团结的原因及其⑥________
第二段
a.保持合作，为共同的目标做出贡献
b.多沟通，多助人
c.学会宽容，与他人和谐相处
第三段：发起倡议
重要性
【结构解析】
针对如何团结提出⑦______
建议