【高考突破方案】语法第十四讲 倒装与省略 高考一轮总复习英语（习题课件） 译林版

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聚焦语法
第14讲　倒装与省略
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. Not until he went through real hardship __________ he realize the love we have for our families is important.
did
句意：直到他经历了真正的艰难之后，他才意识到我们对家人的爱是很重要的。not until放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。由he went through real hardship可知动作已经发生，与现在的动作没有关系，用一般过去时。故填 did。
2. As global temperatures increase, __________ do sea levels.
so
句意：随着全球气温的上升，海平面也在上升。前文所说的肯定情况也适用于另外一个主语，可用“so＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋另一主语”，意为“……也是这样”。故填so。
3. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness __________ I speak to him again.
will
句意：只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉的时候，我才会再跟他说话。当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，主句用部分倒装；when引导的时间状语从句，有“主将从现”的用法，因此主句用一般将来时。故填will。
4. People using mobile phones outdoors during storms are more likely to suffer internal injuries if __________ (strike) by lightning.
struck
句意：暴风雨期间在户外使用手机的人更有可能在被闪电击中时遭受内伤。if后没有主语，说明此处是状语从句的省略，逻辑主语People与strike之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语。故填struck。
5. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not __________.
to
句意：那个司机想把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。这里为了避免重复，省略与前文相同的部分，只保留不定式符号to。
6. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if __________ (see) whether he was going in the right direction.
to see
考查主语从句意：我们跟踪的那个人突然停了下来，看起来好像要看看他是否走对了方向。as if引导的表语从句，原句为：as if he was to see，省略了 he was。故填to see。
7. Among the crises that face humans _________ (be) the lack of natural resources.
is
句意：自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。根据介词短语不可以作主语的原则，可判断出这是一个倒装句，主语为the lack of natural resources，中心词为lack，所以用单数is。故填is。
8. One has reason to believe that China's anti corruption over the past few years, tough __________ it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
as/though
句意：我们有理由相信，中国过去几年的反腐斗争虽然艰苦，但取得了令人鼓舞的进展。此处是as/though引导的让步状语从句，表语提前构成倒装。故填as/though。
9. When __________ (chat) online, you can find some abbreviations(缩写词) that are difficult to understand.
chatting
句意：当你在网上聊天时，你可能会发现一些难以理解的缩写词。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。本句话中when引导时间状语从句，完整的句子为When you are chatting online, you can find some abbreviations that are difficult to understand.所以可以把从句中的主语you和are省略，剩下现在分词，作状语。故填chatting。
10. Here __________ (come) the last bus. Hurry up, or we will have to walk home.
comes
句意：末班车来了。快点，不然我们只好走回家了。地点副词here置于句首，引起句子完全倒装，结合“Hurry up”可知，此处描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语the last bus为第三人称单数，come应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
11. Such __________ (be) Tom, a shy boy who was determined to face challenges.
was
句意：这就是汤姆，一个决心面对挑战的害羞男孩。such置于句首时，后面使用全部倒装结构，a shy boy是Tom的同位语，由定语从句who was determined to face challenges可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
12. Very important in our study __________ (be) our questions and review.
are
句意：疑问和复习在我们的学习中非常重要。为了保持句子平衡(主语较长)或使上下文衔接紧密，或为了强调表语，句子可用全部倒装结构，即可把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语提到句首，并把句子的主语和谓语动词倒装。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语our questions and review是复数概念，be动词应用are。故填are。
13. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but __________ (enjoy) the flowing of the smog around me.
enjoy
句意：站在山顶上，除了欣赏周围烟雾的流动外我什么也不愿做。此处but是介词，根据括号内的动词可知是用不定式作宾语，但是前面有实意动词do，因此省略to。故填enjoy。
14. —What are you reading, Tom
—I'm not really reading, just __________ (turn) over the pages.
turning
句意：——汤姆，你正在读什么 ——我没真的在读什么东西，就是随便翻翻。完整的句子是：I'm not really reading; I am just turning over the pages. 与上句重叠的主语和be动词一起被省略了。
15. —You haven't lost the ticket, have you
—I hope __________. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment.
not
句意：——你没把票给弄丢了吧 ——我希望没有(弄丢)。我知道现在要想再弄一张票很难。完整的句子是：I hope I have not lost the ticket. 与上句重叠的部分省略以后，要保留否定词not。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024·河南郑州)
China is considered the home of tea. In the early period of the 17th century, Chinese tea 1.____________ (export) to Europe. The tea from China is in great 2.________ (various). You can rely on the color, smell, taste and form 3.________ (tell) the quality.
was exported
variety
to tell
White tea is one of China's six famous tea types, 4.__________ name is from its silver white color. It is produced originally in Fujian Province, but it is also grown in Yunnan and Taiwan provinces with a long history, 5.__________ (date) back to the Northern Song Dynasty in ancient pared with other major types of teas, it distinguishes itself by its beautiful needle like shape. And the refreshingly sweet taste enjoys great popularity 6.__________ tea drinkers. In addition, the 7.__________ (long) it is preserved, the better health building effects it has. 8.__________ (amaze), it has been proved that if 9.__________ (drink) regularly, white tea will benefit people's physical and mental health. For example, it not only protects people from some common diseases, but also can effectively relieve symptoms and tiredness. Anyway, the white tea is 10.________ great present from nature.
whose
dating
with/among
longer
Amazingly
drunk
a
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国六大名茶之一的白茶。
1. was exported　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：17世纪初期，中国的茶叶出口到欧洲。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且根据时间状语In the early period of the 17th century可知应用一般过去时，主语为tea，是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填was exported。
2. variety　考查名词。句意：中国的茶叶品种繁多。分析句子结构可知，形容词great后接名词variety(多样性)，此处是介词短语in great variety，意为“各种各样”。故填variety。
3. to tell　考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以通过茶的颜色、气味、味道和形状来辨别茶的品质。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语rely on，因此空处需使用动词的非谓语形式，空处可使用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to tell。
4. whose　考查定语从句。句意：中国六大名茶之一的白茶，因其银白色而得名。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为White tea，指物，从句中缺少定语，因此可使用关系代词whose“……的”在从句中作定语，表示“茶的名字”。故填whose。
5. dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：它原产于福建省，但云南省和台湾省也有种植，历史悠久，可以追溯到中国古代的北宋时期。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词是 is produced和is grown，此处要用非谓语动词，且date back to无被动语态，因此要用现在分词形式。故填dating。
6. with/among　考查介词。句意：清新的甜味深受饮茶者的喜爱。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语enjoy popularity with/among…，意为“受……的欢迎，在……中大为流行”。故填with/among。
7. longer　考查形容词。句意：此外，保存时间越长，健身效果越好。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填longer。
8. Amazingly　考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，事实证明，如果经常饮用白茶，将有益于人们的身心健康。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用副词amazingly位于句首修饰整个句子，位于句首时首字母大写。故填Amazingly。
9. drunk　考查省略。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个省略句，完整句子应该是：if it is drunk regularly, white tea will benefit people's physical and mental health。此if引导的状语从句中省略了与主句相同的主语white tea(it)和be动词，所以此处只填过去分词drunk表示被动。故填drunk。
10. a　考查冠词。句意：不管怎么说，白茶是大自然的馈赠。分析句子结构可知，present表“礼物”是可数名词，此处表示一份礼物，且great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。