【高考突破方案】语法第十二讲 定语 高考一轮总复习英语（习题课件） 译林版

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聚焦语法
第12讲　定语从句
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1. The man __________ won the competition is a college student from Peking University.
who/that
句意：赢得比赛的人是北京大学的一名大学生。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词man，在从句作主语，指人。故填who/that。
2. The reason __________ he didn't make it to the cinema was that he was injured.
why
句意：他没能去电影院的原因是他受伤了。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，The reason是先行词，从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why来引导。故填why。
3. You may think of giving up study, in __________ case just think it over before making the decision.
which
句意：你可能会考虑放弃学习，在那种情况下，好好想想再做决定。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，此空位于介词in后面，指代主句“You may think of giving up study”，应用关系代词which。
4. __________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East, Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
As
句意：众所周知，在中东，阿拉伯人通过碰鼻子来打招呼，但在其他文化中，这不是一种礼貌的问候方式。分析句子可知，“______ is widely accepted”在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，as指代整个句子“in the Middle East, Arabs greet each other by touching noses”。在引导非限制性定语从句时，as引导的从句可以置于句首。
5. Go for a walk in the countryside, __________ you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
where
句意：去乡村散步，在那里你可以欣赏美丽的风景和享受宁静的气氛。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the countryside，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
6. The movie reminded me of the days ________ I was well taken care of in that far away village.
when
句意：这部电影使我想起了我在那个遥远的村庄受到很好的照顾的日子。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词days，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。
7. Swimming is good for teenagers, __________ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and promote their brain development.
which
句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助激发他们的潜能，促进他们的大脑发育。分析句子可知，“______ some experts say will help them to…development”为非限制性定语从句，修饰主句“Swimming is good for teenagers”，所设空处意为“这件事，这一点”，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。
8. Sales director is a position ____________ communication ability is just as important as sales.
where
句意：销售经理是一个交流能力和销售能力一样重要的职位。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，position 为先行词，且在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
9. I'd like to introduce Professor Zhang, ________ will offer us knowledge on traditional Chinese culture in the coming lectures.
who
句意：我想向大家介绍张教授，他将在接下来的讲座中为我们提供有关中国传统文化的知识。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词Professor Zhang，指人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。
10. At last we found a path leading to the top of the mountain, from __________ we saw a beautiful sunrise.
where
句意：最后我们找到了一条通往山顶的路，在那里我们看到了美丽的日出。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，where代表“the top of the mountain”，from where＝from the top of the mountain，需要注意的是which只能代表the mountain，故填where。
11. Children, in my opinion, __________ creative ability is unbelievably rich, should be trained in that area.
whose
考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，孩子们的创造能力丰富得令人难以置信，应该在这个领域进行训练。分析句子可知，“_________ creative ability is unbelievably rich”为非限制性定语从句，又因先行词Children和creative ability之间是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose。句意：天正在下大雨。运动会何时举行取决于天气。
12. The baseball team __________ my cousin plays for is doing really well this season.
that/which
句意：我表弟所在的棒球队本赛季表现非常好。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The baseball team，指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
13. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, __________ the audience can buy ice cream.
when
句意：在音乐会两部分之间有间隙时间，那个时候观众可以买冰激凌。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为interval(幕间休息)，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。
14. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to __________ she could turn for help.
whom
句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个人是她可以求助的。分析句子可知，“______ she could turn for help”为非限制性定语从句，turn to sb. for help为固定短语，“向某人求助”，因此先行词在从句中作to的宾语，应用关系代词whom。
15. Surprisingly, he knows nothing about the movies and the actors ____________ are popular with my classmates.
that
句意：令人吃惊的是，他对我的同学们喜欢的电影和演员一无所知。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作主语，既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·湖北鄂州)
The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. Lin Peng, director of China's Institute of Ancient Cities and Cultural Studies, pointed 1._________ that there are more than 2，800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, 2.__________ is definitely the highest number globally.
In ancient towns, 3.______ immersive (沉浸式) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics—the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living 4._________ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try characteristic local snacks 5.__________ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how long history 6.__________ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow moving ancient town.
which
the
conditions
influenced
has shaped
out
Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, 7.________ if all the ancient towns in 8.__________ (differ) places are the same and cannot find their own uniqueness, then ancient town tourism will 9.________ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while 10._________ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain.
but
different
eventually
wandering
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了周庄、乌镇等江南古镇的火爆，在全国范围内掀起了古镇建设的热潮。游客到古镇是希望看到当地人的生活状况，感受古镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解历史悠久的当地文化。
1. out　考查固定短语。句意：中国古城与文化研究院院长林鹏指出，我国有2 800多个已开发或正在开发的古镇，这绝对是全球最多的。根据句意可知，此处用固定短语point out，意为“指出”。故填out。
2. which　考查定语从句。句意同上 。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词进行补充说明，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
3. the　考查冠词。句意：在古镇中，这里所说的沉浸式体验就是历史文化特色——古镇的“古”。空处表示特指，指“这里所说的沉浸式体验”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
4. conditions　考查名词。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。空处作see的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词condition应用复数形式。故填conditions。
5. influenced　考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句子已有谓语，空处用非谓语动词，influence“影响”和snacks在逻辑上是被动关系，应用influence的过去分词形式，作snacks的后置定语。故填influenced。
6. has shaped　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意见第4题解析。空处作how引导的从句的谓语，结合“long history”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响，且主语history为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has shaped。
7. but　考查连词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处前后是完整的句子，上下文语义构成转折。故填but。
8. different　考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰名词places，应用形容词different，意为“不同的”，作定语。故填different。
9. eventually　考查副词。句意见第7题解析。空处修饰动词decline，应用副词eventually，意为“最终”，作状语。故填eventually。
10. wandering　考查省略。句意：让每一个古镇都成为独特的历史印记，让游客在古镇中徜徉，找到属于自己的“诗与远方”。此处用了while引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，wander“徜徉，漫游”和被省略的主语tourists之间是主动关系，应用wander的现在分词形式。故填wandering。