【高考突破方案】英语必修三U2听课手册-高考一轮总复习 （教师版） 译林版

Unit 2　Natural disasters
Ⅰ.话题单词
threaten v. 威胁　　　　　　　　　ruin v. 毁坏　　　　　　　　 　irrigate v. 灌溉 punish v. 惩罚，处罚 overlook v. 忽略；眺望 prevent v. 阻止 advocate v. 拥护，支持，提倡 severe adj. 十分严重的 poisonous adj. 有毒的 harmonious adj. 和谐的 steady adj. 稳固的，平稳的 urgent adj. 紧急的 frightened adj. 受惊吓的，害怕的 eco friendly/environment friendly adj. 环保的 meanwhile adv. 同时 deliberately adv. 不慌不忙地，小心翼翼地；蓄意 resource n. 资源 shortage n. 缺少，不足 rubbish/garbage n. 垃圾 litter n. 垃圾 v. 乱扔 burden n. 重担，负担 v. (使)担负 decline n. & v. 减少，下降，衰退 preserve n. 保护区 v. 保护；保存
Ⅱ.话题词块
sort the garbage 分类垃圾　　　　　　　　　　bring…under control 对……加以控制 use up＝run out of 用完；用尽 a sense of responsibility 责任感 go against nature 违背自然 raise the awareness of 唤醒……意识 live in harmony with 与……和谐相处 environment friendly products 环保产品 deal with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾 develop renewable resources 发展可再生资源 call on/appeal to sb. to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事 don't litter/spit everywhere 不要随地扔垃圾/吐痰 improve our living conditions 改善我们的居住条件 live/advocate a low carbon life 过/提倡低碳生活 make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源 save and treasure our resources 节约并珍惜我们的资源 do great harm to our daily life 对我们的日常生活非常有害 enjoy a more harmonious environment 享受更加和谐的环境
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.
所有动植物都很重要，因为每一个物种都有助于地球上生命种类的多样性的形成，而且对维持生命起着重要作用。
2. Recent years have seen a big increase in natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and floods, which are big threats to people's lives.
近年来，地震、飓风和洪水等自然灾害大幅增加，对人们的生命构成了巨大威胁。
3. Many trees are being cut down and more and more forests are lost, making animals lose their homes to live in.
许多树木正在被砍伐，越来越多的森林消失，这使得动物们失去了它们赖以生存的家园。
4. We should protect wild animals and realize harmonious coexistence between man and nature!
我们应该保护野生动物，实现人与自然和谐共处！
Ⅳ.语法填空
On 17 March, a terrible earthquake hit the country at Falmont Primary School. 7 were killed and over 200 were 1.__________ (injure) in the disaster area at large, 2.__________ only 5 students suffering slight injuries. How did the miracle come out Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School said they practised earthquake safety procedures twice a year, 3.__________ the kids were calm enough to protect 4.__________ (they) during the earthquake.
On 20 December, a tsunami 5.__________ (race) across near Goldshore, 6.__________ (leave) thousands dead. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 7.__________ (survive) the disaster without any 8.__________ (lose) of life. Sabrina, a 10 year old girl, rescued people's lives with her basic knowledge of tsunamis. In a word, only when we have 9.__________ good knowledge of nature can we keep us safe and sound in the face of a 10.__________ (destroy) disaster.
答案：1.injured　2.with　3.so　4.themselves 5. raced　6.leaving　7.to survive　8.loss　9.a 10. destructive
Ⅰ.词族关联(根据汉语和词性写出单词)
1. __________ n. 灾难，灾害；彻底失败→__________ adj.灾难性的
2. __________ n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→__________ vi.对……作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
3. __________ adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的→__________ n. 秩序；条理；顺序
4. __________ vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→__________ n. 证实，确认书
5. __________ n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→__________ vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→__________ adj.感到宽慰的，放心的
6. __________ adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→__________ vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏
7. __________ vt.了解，熟悉；通知→__________ n. 信息，情报，资料→__________ adj. 有学问的，有见识的
8. __________ n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→__________ adj. 感到震惊的→__________ adj.令人气愤的，惹人憎恶的
9. __________ vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓→__________adj.惊吓，害怕→__________adj.恐怖的，吓人的
10. __________ n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→__________ adj.强有力的；有权势的，有影响力的
11. __________ vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→__________ n. 捐赠物，捐赠，赠送→__________ n. 捐赠者
12. __________ adj.好奇的；奇特的→__________adv.好奇地→__________ n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品
13. __________ vi. & vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→__________ n. (火山等)爆发
14. __________ adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→__________adj.可忍受的→__________ v. 忍受
15. __________ n. 遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→__________ adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的
16. __________ n. & vt.救援，营救，抢救→__________ n. 救援者
17. __________ adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→__________ v. (使)变得锋利；使尖锐
18. __________ vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)→__________ n. 地方，地点；外景拍摄地
19. __________ vi. & vt.退休，退职→__________ n. 退休
答案：1.disaster; disastrous　2.reaction; react　3.orderly; order　4.confirm; confirmation　5.relief; relieve; relieved　6.destructive; destroy　7.inform; information; informed　8.shock; shocked; shocking　9.scare; scared; scary　10.power; powerful　11.donate; donation; donator　12.curious; curiously; curiosity　13.erupt; eruption　14.unbearable; bearable; bear　15.distance; distant　16.rescue; rescuer　17.sharp; sharpen　18.locate; location　19.retire; retirement
Ⅱ.词块构建(根据汉语意思，每空格中填入一个单词)
1. __________ large 整个，全部
2. safe and __________ 安然无恙的
3. occur __________ 被想到，浮现在脑中
4. __________ one's (great) relief 使某人(大为)宽慰的是
5. keep one's __________ (在困境中)保持冷静
6. __________ the face of… 面临……
7. hold __________ to 抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物
8. signal __________ sb./sth. 向某人/某物发出信号
9. remain __________ 保持静止
10. protect sb. __________ sth. 保护某人免受……
11. inform oneself __________ 了解，熟悉
12. stay away __________ sth. 远离某物
13. __________ case 以防，万一
14. crash __________ sth. 撞上某物
15. __________ all 尤其重要的是
16. take the __________ of 呈现……的形状；采取……形式
17. be separated __________ 与……分离
18. run __________ of 用完，耗尽
19. break __________ 突然开始，爆发
20. __________ the darkness 在黑暗中
21. __________ the distance 在远处
22. far and __________ 到处，各处　　
答案：1.at　2.sound　3.to　4.to　5.head　6.in　7.on　8.to　9.still　10.from　11.of 　12.from　13.in　14.into　15.above　16.form　17.from　18.out　19.out　20.in　21.in　22.wide
Ⅲ.佳句背诵
1. ________________________________, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. (P16)震动一停止，布朗老师就感觉到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。
仿写：小男孩一看到妈妈，就跑过去紧紧地抱住了她。
__________________________________________________________, he ran over to her and hugged her tightly.
2. ________________________________ these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (P17)她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
仿写：我突然想到她是一个很会享受生活并且把生活过到极致的人。
________________________________ she was the one who could enjoy life to the best.
3. When the wind and rain stopped, I looked out of the window, __________________ huge trees lying across the street and water everywhere！(P20)当风停雨霁时，我看了看窗外，结果却看到大树躺在街道上且到处都是水！
仿写：我微笑着和他打招呼，结果却发现他今天有点反常。
I greeted him with a sweet smile, __________________ he was not himself today.
4. Its walls were fresh ____________________…(P26)它的墙壁焕然一新，好像昨天粉刷过一样……
仿写：他站在那里一脸通红，好像刚刚被批评过一样。
He stood there with his cheeks red, ____________________________________.
答案：1.The moment the shaking stopped; The moment the little boy caught sight of his mother　2.It immediately occurred to her that; It suddenly occurred to me that　3.only to see; only to find　4.as if painted yesterday; as if criticized just now
1. reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
教材原句：Her students' reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. (P16)她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。
one's reaction to… 某人对……的反应
react vi. 对……作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
react to sth. 对……作出反应
react with sth. 与……起化学反应
react by doing sth. 以……方式作出反应
react against 反对，反抗
单句语法填空
①There has been a mixed reaction __________ her appointment.
②Feminists reacted ________________ the limitations of women's traditional roles.
③Ellie reacted ____________ marching out of the room.
④There has been a mixed ____________ (react) to these charity activities. After all, they are collecting money from ordinary people.
答案：①to　②against　③by　④reaction
2. signal vi. & vt. 发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
教材原句：She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. (P16) 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. for sth. 向某人示意要某物
signal (sb.) that… 示意(某人)……
a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号
traffic signal 交通信号灯
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning __________ (signal) that we really have changed our planet.
②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signalled __________ the waiter to bring the menu.
③正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。
The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ____________________ the Spring Festival celebrations.(话题写作之传统文化)
答案：①signals　②to　③signalling the end of
3. relief n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
教材原句：To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. (P17)使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。
to one's (great) relief 使某人(大为)宽慰的是
in/with relief 放心地，如释重负地，松了口气
breathe a sigh of relief 松了口气
relief of/from 减轻(焦虑、痛苦等)
relief supplies/materials 救灾物资
relief effort 救灾工作
emergency relief 紧急救济
disaster relief 赈灾
it is a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的
relieve vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解
relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻(负担)；将某人从……解脱出来；免除某人的职务
relieved adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①At the conference, it has been decided that a secretary will be hired to relieve the manager __________ some of the administrative work.
②To my __________ (relieve), they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile, and I could see their exhaustion in their eyes.
③I feel so ____________ (relieve) that I haven't got to take the math exam.
④This medicine provides relief ____________ the ache for the time being, but it can't cure you of the disease.
⑤在这次事故中没有人死亡或受重伤，这是令人宽慰的。
___________________________________ or seriously injured in the accident.
答案：①of　②relief　③relieved　④of/from ⑤It is a relief that nobody was killed或It is a relief that no one died
4. inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知
教材原句：Remember to inform yourself of what is going on. (P19)记得要了解事态的进展。
inform sb. of/about sth. 告知某人某事
informed adj. 有学问的，有见识的
keep sb. informed of/about sth.使某人随时得知某事
information n. [U]信息，情报，资料
information about/on… 关于……的信息
a piece of information 一条消息
单句语法填空
①I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with ____________ (inform) concerning the interview.
②Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users ____________ oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well sampled.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
③Please keep me fully __________ (inform) of any developments.
答案：①information　②of/about　③informed
5. shock n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt. 使震惊
教材原句：As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.(P20)你可以想象，这有点令人震惊。
be a shock 是令人震惊的事情/情况/消息
it shocks sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人感到震惊
shocked adj. 感到震惊的
be shocked by/at… 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而感到震惊
shocking adj. 令人气愤的，惹人憎恶的
单句语法填空
①In her first P. E.class, Eva was __________ (shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)
②Scientists have come up with a __________ (shock) idea.
③We knew Rob had cancer, but it still came as __________ shock when he died.
④The book was originally thought to be too __________ (shock) to publish.
⑤We were shocked __________ their terrible working conditions.
答案：①shocked　②shocking　③a　④shocking　⑤at/by
6. scare vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 n. 恐慌；惊吓
教材原句：The strong wind and heavy rain didn't scare me, but I was quite frightened during the power failure. (P20) 狂风暴雨并没有把我吓到，但是停电期间把我吓坏了。
scare off/away… 把……吓跑
scare sb. into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事
scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
scared adj. 惊吓，害怕(描述人)
be scared of sb./(doing) sth. 害怕某人/(做)某事
be scared to do sth. (由于害怕)不敢做某事
scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的(描述事物)
scary movie 恐怖电影
单句语法填空
①The cute little animals were scared ____________ by the loud noise.
②As the line of people came toward me, I got a little ____________ (scare). (2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷·浙江)
③Hearing the ____________ bear let out an angry roar, I was too ____________ to move an inch.(scare)
④Local businesses were scared ____________ paying protection money.
⑤There has been quite ____________ scare about the possible side effects of this new drug.
⑥Though some are initially scared ________ the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
答案：①off/away　②scared　③scary; scared ④into　⑤a　⑥of
7. supply n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt. 供应，供给，提供
教材原句：Were you afraid of running out of supplies (P20)你担心用光补给品吗
(be) in short supply 供应不足，短缺
supply and demand 供应与需求
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
单句语法填空/完成句子
①At the beginning of the semester, students are supplied ____________ a list of books that they are expected to read.
②Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn't have food, water, a phone, or other ____________ (supply).
③供求规律支配着商品的价格。
______________________________ governs the prices of goods.
④战争爆发后，这个地区的食物供应不足。
The food in this region _____________________________________ after the war broke out.
答案：①with　②supplies　③The law of supply and demand　④was in short supply
8. donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献(血)
教材原句：Luckily, many people came to help, donating food and clothes to charities. (P20) 幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，给慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。
donate sth. to sb./sth. 向某人/某机构捐赠某物
donation n. 捐赠物，捐赠，赠送
make a donation to… 向……捐赠
donator n. 捐赠者
donated adj. 捐赠的
单句语法填空/完成句子
①And then he would donate them __________ folks who could truly use them but didn't have the budget to buy one.
②Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking ________________ (donate) and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. (2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
③Mike Curtin sees my arugula (芝麻菜) story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of __________ (donate) strawberries nearing their last days.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
④我惊奇地发现那位老人给慈善机构捐了这么多钱。
I am amazed to find that ______________________________________________. (读后续写之升华主题)
答案：①to　②donations　③donated　④the old man donated so much money to the charity
9. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的
教材原句：She was curious to see how much water there was outside. (P23)她很好奇，想看看外面有多少水。
be/become curious about… 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 急于做某事，想做某事
it is curious that… ……真是奇怪
curiously adv. 好奇地
curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品
out of curiosity 出于好奇
satisfy/raise one's curiosity 满足/增加某人的好奇心
a sense of curiosity 出于好奇
in/with curiosity 好奇地
单句语法填空/改写句子
①Don't be too curious __________ things you're not supposed to know.
②The boy is __________ watching what the old man is doing in the garden and he is always __________ about the world outside and shows great __________ about what is going on in nature. (curious)
③______________________ (出于好奇), she entered the room and opened the box.
④The woman in the shop looked at them curiously.
＝The woman in the shop looked at them ________________.
答案：①about　②curiously; curious; curiosity ③Out of curiosity　④in/with curiosity
10. rescue n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救
教材原句：Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land. (P27)狗在陆地上的救援工作中很有帮助。
come/go to one's rescue 营救某人，帮助某人
rescue worker 营救人员
rescue dog 搜救犬
rescue sb. from… 从……中营救某人
be rescued by sb. 被某人拯救
rescuer n. 救援者
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The little girl was rescued ____________ a burning building when the disaster occurred.
②The sisters were agreeably surprised to find out that the King of Spain had been their ____________ (rescue).
③For example, teaching Jacky to swim means he has to believe that, when he's swimming in the big pool, __________________________ (我会帮助他) if his doggy paddle lets him down.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷·浙江)
④营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。
____________________ dashed to the spot like arrows, offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital.(读后续写之动作描写)
答案：①from　②rescuer　③I'll come to his rescue　④The rescue team
1. occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中
教材原句：It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (P17) 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
sth. occurs to sb.＝it occurs to sb. that… 某人突然想到……
表示“某人突然想起……”的短语和句型还有：sth. hits/strikes sb.、it hits/strikes sb. that…、es to one's mind等。
occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。
单句语法填空/一句多译
①A good idea occurred __________ me when I woke up this morning.
②__________ never occurred to me that he should adopt the homeless child.
③I was going along the street, looking for a place to park when the accident __________ (occur).
④我突然想到可以让人把书寄给我。
It __________ me that I could have the book sent to me.
＝It __________ me that I could have the book sent to me.
＝It __________ me that I could have the book sent to me.
答案：①to　②It　③occurred　④occurred to; hit; struck
2. run out (of) 用完，耗尽
教材原句：Were you afraid of running out of supplies (P20) 你担心用光补给品吗
run across 偶然遇见/看见
run after 追逐，追赶；追求
run away (from) 突然离开，逃离
run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)
run over 撞倒并碾轧
[词语辨析]
run out 意为“……用完了”，是不及物动词短语，后面不接宾语，其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。
run out of 意为“用完了……”，是及物动词短语，后面需接宾语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running __________.
②Tom happened to run __________ Jennie in the park last Sunday.
③Marvin likes to run __________ balls in the backyard.
④He was run __________ and had to be taken to hospital.
⑤I can't afford to buy the dictionary, because I ______________________________ (已经用光了我的钱).
答案：①out　②across/into　③after　④over ⑤have run out of my money
1. there be sb./sth. doing sth. 有……正在做某事
教材原句：There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.(P16) 尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。
①there be sb./sth. doing sth. 表示“有某人或某物正在做某事”。其中 doing sth.是现在分词作后置定语，所表示的动作和前面的人或事物存在主谓关系。
②在there be 句型中，当主语为多个并列的名词时，be 动词的形式与离它最近的名词保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①There are now 700 elderly people ________ (look) after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
②There are some people ______________ (正在摘苹果) on the farm.
答案：①looking　②picking apples
2. 动词不定式作结果状语
教材原句：That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only to hear that a hurricane was on its way. (P20)那天早上，我打开电视看当地新闻，结果却听到飓风马上就要来了。
①动词不定式作结果状语时，主要表示没有预料到的情况和结果，即意料之外的事。该用法通常与副词only连用。
②并非所有表示结果的不定式都含有这种“意外”的效果，下列结构中的不定式也可构成结果状语：too…to do…(太……而不能……)、enough to do…(足够做……)、so/such…as to do…(如此……以至于……)。
现在分词作结果状语通常表示一种自然的结果，即预料之中的事。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only __________ (find) that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.(2023·北京卷)
②Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not ____________ (lose) his job.
③She got there, only ________________________________________________ (结果被告知他们已经度假去了).
答案：①to find　②to lose　③to be told that they had gone on holiday
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. He was __________ at the __________ news, for I could see the __________ look on his face.(shock)
2. We must take effective measures to prevent natural __________ (disaster) in advance.
3. Pompeii is famed for its burial by an __________ (erupt) of Italy's Mount Vesuvius in A. D.79.
4. She has been slaving over a hot stove for three hours in such __________ (bear) summer.
5. At that moment Mrs. Jones' __________ (power) voice interrupted them, announcing a visitor.
6. I can find out whether my __________ (react) to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
7. Mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable __________ (distant) from humans.
8. Her announcement __________ (confirm) that she would be resigning as CEO.
9. A wealthy benefactor (捐款人) came to their rescue with a generous __________ (donate).
10. Jack was working in the lab when the power cut __________ (occur).
11. It was such a __________ (relieve) to hear that Marta was found safe and well.
12. Tom was seriously __________ in the traffic accident yesterday, so he can't go on with his work until he recovers from the __________.(injure)
13. As dark fell, __________ (rescue) were still searching for the missing climbers.
14. Fortunately, all people escaped from the scene and there was no death in the __________ (scare) disaster.
15. For all your __________ (inform), you don't have to go to the library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it.
16. I'm taking a course that should help me __________ (sharp) my computer skills.
17. Just out of __________ (curious), I decided to go through the files.
18. He is a __________ (retire) engineer, who wants to work voluntarily for his community.
19. Jenny has (responsible) for collecting up the books after the class.
20. Usually, headquarters of companies ________________________________ (locate) in big cities.
答案：1.shocked; shocking; shocked　2.disasters　3.eruption　4.unbearable　5.powerful　6.reactions　7.distance　8.confirmed 9. donation　10.occurred　11.relief　12.injured; injury　13.rescuers　14.scary　15.information　16.(to) sharpen　17.curiosity 18. retired　19.responsibility　20.are located
Ⅱ.短语填空
at large, break out, to one's relief, be separated from, take the form of, occur to, inform…of…, run out of, protect…from…, safe and sound
1. This special kind of art can ______________ paintings, sculptures, cloth or even stickers.
2. What can people do to __________ themselves __________ heart disease
3. I __________ my mother __________ my safe arrival.
4. He was 29 when the war ______________.
5. By no means can theory ________________ practice.
6. He had almost ______________ fuel and was forced to break into a filling station.
7. ______________, all my efforts paid off and I finally overcame it.
8. One of the things we're trying to do here is to facilitate dinners for the students ________, undergraduates and graduate students.
9. Not once did it ______________ Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
10. We were relieved that all children arrived home ______________.
答案：1.take the form of　2.protect; from　3.informed; of　4.broke out　5.be separated from　6.run out of　7.To my relief　8.at large 9. occur to　10.safe and sound
Ⅲ.熟词生义
1. Poor health may be a bar to success in life.________________
2. The government demanded that the relief should be sent to the flood victims as soon as possible.________________
答案：1.n.障碍　2.n.救济物
Ⅳ.话题语法填空
Today, the temperature in London is expected 1.________ (reach) 30 plus degrees! The average high temperature in July is only 22 degrees, so over 30 is not usual for London. It's going to be awful on the Central Line, 2.__________ no air conditioning. Sure enough, 3.__________ (go) down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that's erupting. I'm sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one! I'm feeling a bit sick—I hope I can make 4.__________ to Bank Station…I'll avoid the feeling by thinking about work.Each summer in London 5.__________ (definite) seems hotter than the last. I suddenly feel a bit 6.__________ (scare). Perhaps now is the time to start planning for the future 7.__________ (look) through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia 8.__________ (destroy) a town. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. News like this makes me 9.________ (feel) nervous. Now 10.________ it's hard to avoid a disaster on the Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space…Well, maybe I have been worrying too much. After all, it's only 30 degrees outside!
答案：1.to reach　2.with　3.going　4.it　5.definitely　6.scared　7.Looking　8.has destroyed　9.feel　10.that
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·湖南长沙)
As night fell on the first day of the semester, I knew I should go to bed. Instead, I opened my laptop to revisit a difficult research problem that had been taking up my attention while other tasks piled up. Something wasn't adding up in a vital data set, and I was under pressure to figure it out as quickly as possible. If I could just make a little headway before bed, I was sure I would sleep better and awake ready to tackle all those other tasks—lectures to polish, grants to write, emails to send. But it was not to be. My work was rushed and fruitless, and by the time I gave up, I had lost all but 3 hours of sleep. As a new assistant professor, I figured nights like this were just part of the job. But I've since learned that busy periods don't have to spin out of control.
So I decided to establish a scheduled reset for work. Every Saturday night through Monday morning, I would shut off all email notifications to my phone and strive to keep my laptop shut. I knew it wasn't much, but I thought the once a week commitment would be a possible starting point. Almost instantly, my Saturday night of disabling email notifications became a weekly highlight. I was able to keep my head clearer and more present on Sundays, which allowed me to enjoy time with family and engage with personal interests that nurtured (培养) the non work parts of my identity. On Mondays, I found myself returning to the office with a sense of liveliness. The quality of my work improved during the day, giving me freedom to decide whether I wanted to continue with anything in the evening.
There were setbacks. Even today, there are times when I give work too much of my attention. But the weekly reset gives me a way to regain my balance quicker than I otherwise would.
1. Why did the author stay up late on the first day of the semester
A. He had to send important emails.
B. He needed to gather more data.
C. He was anxious about the new semester.
D. He wanted to make progress on the research.
2. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1
A. He slept an average of 3 hours.
B. He was energetic and demanding.
C. He managed to complete his research before bed.
D. He was occupied with tasks and wanted a change.
3. What was the primary benefit the author got from the reset
A. It helped him maintain a clear mind and feel refreshed.
B. It reduced his overall stress and anxiety levels.
C. It allowed him to choose exactly when to work.
D. It enabled him to protect his eyes much better.
4. How did the author change to manage his work
A. He began to struggle with an unsustainable work pace.
B. He turned to his family and friends for help more often.
C. He became more strict and disciplined in his work habits.
D. He found a better balance between work and personal life.
答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在匆忙又毫无结果的工作后意识到忙碌的时期并不一定会失去控制，制订一个时间表让自己更好地平衡好工作与生活。
1. D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead, I opened my laptop to revisit a difficult research problem that had been taking up my attention while other tasks piled up.(相反，我打开笔记本电脑，重新审视一个一直占据我注意力的研究难题，与此同时，其他任务堆积如山。)”以及“If I could just make a little headway before bed, I was sure I would sleep better and awake ready to tackle all those other tasks—lectures to polish, grants to write, emails to send.(如果我能在睡前取得一点进展，我确信我会睡得更好，醒来时准备好处理所有其他任务——要润色的演讲，要写的资助申请，要发送的电子邮件。)”可知，作者在学期的第一天熬夜是为了让自己的研究取得一点进展。故选D。
2. D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If I could just make a little headway before bed, I was sure I would sleep better and awake ready to tackle all those other tasks—lectures to polish, grants to write, emails to send.(如果我能在睡前取得一点进展，我确信我会睡得更好，醒来时准备好处理所有其他任务——要润色的演讲，要写的资助申请，要发送的电子邮件。)”可知，作者要做的事情很多，结合下文的“But it was not to be. My work was rushed and fruitless, and by the time I gave up, I had lost all but 3 hours of sleep. As a new assistant professor, I figured nights like this were just part of the job. But I've since learned that busy periods don't have to spin out of control.(但事实并非如此。我的工作既匆忙又毫无结果，当我放弃的时候，我只剩下3个小时的睡眠时间。作为一名新上任的助理教授，我以为这样的夜晚只是工作的一部分。但我后来明白了，忙碌的时期并不一定会失去控制。)”可知，作者想改变现在的工作状况，认为忙碌的时候也不应失去控制。故选D。
3. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was able to keep my head clearer and more present on Sundays, which allowed me to enjoy time with family and engage with personal interests that nurtured (培养) the non work parts of my identity.(我能够在周日保持头脑更清醒并更专注，这让我能够享受与家人在一起的时光，并投入个人兴趣中，这些兴趣培养了我身份的非工作部分。)”可知，每周重置让作者保持头脑更清醒并更专注，结合下文的“On Mondays, I found myself returning to the office with a sense of liveliness. The quality of my work improved during the day, giving me freedom to decide whether I wanted to continue with anything in the evening.(周一，我发现自己回到办公室时充满了活力。白天我的工作质量提高了，这让我可以自由地决定晚上是否要继续做任何事情。)”可知，每周重置让作者在周一感觉充满活力，提高了白天的工作质量。由此可知，每周重置帮助作者保持头脑清醒，感觉神清气爽。故选A。
4. D　推理判断题。根据尾段“There were setbacks. Even today, there are times when I give work too much of my attention. But the weekly reset gives me a way to regain my balance quicker than I otherwise would.(也有挫折。即使在今天，有时我也会过度关注工作。但每周重置给了我一种比其他方式更快地恢复平衡的方法。)”以及上文中作者介绍的自己的经历可知，作者通过在工作和个人生活之间找到更好的平衡来管理自己的工作。故选D。
“推理判断题之推断隐含意思”答题技能
第一步 一找：将题干中的about或from之后的内容或infer后that从句的主语作为定位词，找到答案依据
第二步 二理：理解信息句的字面意思
第三步 三推：依据字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断
第四步 四比：比较各选项，确定答案
名师点睛：以文中信息为依据查推断，切忌主观臆断，做到推断有理，判断有据。 干扰项的特点： 简单重复：仅为文中信息的简单重复，而非推断的结论； 无中生有：文中无信息支撑； 黑白颠倒：与文中所述事实相反； 推理过度：推理得不合情理； 张冠李戴：利用文中词语迷惑考生。
Ⅱ.应用文赏析
假定你是李华，你所在的学校近期引入了一些人工智能(AI)技术应用，用来帮助学生学习和日常生活。请你给校刊英语专栏写一篇短文，谈谈你对此的看法，内容包括：
1. AI在你校的具体应用；
2. AI带来的便利；
3.你对此的看法。
【精选佳作】
根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Editor,
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in our school.Our school has integrated AI in several ways, including smart classrooms and personalized learning platforms, significantly enhancing the educational experience.
The introduction of AI powered tools, such as virtual assistants for study help and the AI analysis system for personal learning plans, ①______________________________________(极大地促进了我们的研究). It makes learning more interactive and suitable for individual students.
In my opinion, the inclusion of AI in our education system is ②________________________
__________________________(朝着未来学习方式迈出的一大步). It not only makes learning more efficient but also prepares us for technology driven future careers. I look forward to seeing more innovative applications of AI in our school.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【句式点拨】
Our school has integrated AI in several ways, including smart classrooms and personalized learning platforms, significantly enhancing the educational experience.
翻译：③____________________________________________________________
分析：句中significantly enhancing the educational experience为非谓语动词作④________语；including意为“⑤________”。
【结构解析】
答案：①has greatly facilitated our studies　②a progressive step toward a future way of learning　③我们学校以多种方式整合了人工智能，包括智能教室和个性化学习平台，显著提升了教育体验。　④状　⑤包含　⑥应用　⑦便利
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·山东日照)
While it's impossible to predict just where the next wildfire will start, new Department of Defense sponsored research from Brigham Young University's Fire Research Lab is getting into the microscopic details of how fires initiate to provide more insight into how wildfires burn through wildland fuels.
For their experiments, fire expert Thomas H. Fletcher and co authors loaded leaves of 14 plant species into the crucible (坩埚) of a thermo gravimetric analyzer (热重分析仪) and slowly turned the heat up to 800 degrees Celsius. As they watched the leaves burn, they categorized the speed at which the plant broke down and the chemicals produced by the heat. They also compared the impact of two heat sources: convective (think of wind driven fires) and radiative (from burning plant particles or flames).
The research found that the chemistry of plants makes a big difference in how fast they break down before they start to burn. That's important to know because the type of plants found on a mountain hillside may help predict how a fire will burn and how quickly it might jump to another plant species.
“Very detailed models that already exist take up to two weeks to run on very big computers and by that time, the fire has moved and it's not in the same place anymore，” Fletcher said. “We're aiming towards giving answers on how a fire might propagate in the next 20 minutes or half hour instead of the next two weeks.”
The studies are aimed at improving predictive models for both prescribed (规定的) burns and for unplanned wildfires. With wildfires costing the Forest Service and state agencies billions of dollars to control annually, any research that can help make fire management more efficient is a high priority.
“With all we've done to research them, fires are still out of control,” Fletcher said. “Our model can't prevent a fire, but it can help with decisions on how to manage fires so that when a fire starts, it doesn't blow up into a huge, uncontrollable fire.”
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The research subjects.
B. The research findings.
C. The research procedures.
D. The research objectives.
2. What does the research find about the chemistry of plants
A. It affects the speed of a fire.
B. It is one of the causes of a fire.
C. It breaks down quickly in a fire.
D. It helps plants survive in a fire.
3. What does the underlined word “propagate” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Explode. B. Spread.
C. Die down. D. Break out.
4. Why do the researchers develop the new model
A. To make the most out of wildfires.
B. To control wildfires more efficiently.
C. To predict the outbreak of wildfires.
D. To prevent wildfires from happening.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杨百翰大学火灾研究实验室的一项新研究正在深入研究火灾如何引发的微观细节，以提供更多关于野火如何通过荒地燃料燃烧的信息。
1. C　段落大意题。根据第二段“For their experiments, fire expert Thomas H. Fletcher and co authors…and radiative (from burning plant particles or flames). [在他们的实验中，火灾专家Thomas H. Fletcher和合著者将14种植物的叶子放入热重分析仪的坩埚中，慢慢地将温度提高到800摄氏度。当他们观察树叶燃烧时，他们对植物分解的速度和热量产生的化学物质进行了分类。他们还比较了两种热源的影响：对流热源(想想风力驱动的火灾)和辐射热源(来自燃烧的植物颗粒或火焰)。]”可知，第二段主要介绍了Thomas H. Fletcher和合著者开展研究的具体步骤。故选C。
2. A　细节理解题。根据第三段“The research found that the chemistry of plants…it might jump to another plant species. (研究发现，植物的化学成分对它们开始燃烧前的分解速度有很大的影响。知道这一点很重要，因为在山坡上发现的植物类型可能有助于预测火灾如何燃烧，以及它可能以多快的速度转移到另一种植物身上。)”可知，研究发现植物的化学成分影响其燃烧前的分解速度，进而影响火灾发生的速度。故选A。
3. B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文“Very detailed models that already exist take up to two weeks to run on very big computers and by that time, the fire has moved and it's not in the same place anymore (现有的非常详细的模型需要在非常大的计算机上运行长达两周的时间，而到那时，火灾已经蔓延，不在原来的位置了)”可知，现有的非常详细的模型的弊端在于其耗时过久，导致无法对已经蔓延的火灾进行管理，再结合画线词的上文“We're aiming towards giving answers (我们的目标是给出答案)”和下文“in the next 20 minutes or half hour instead of the next two weeks (在接下来的20分钟或半小时内，而不是在接下来的两周内)”可推知，Fletcher的研究目的是在很短的时间内给出火灾如何扩散、蔓延的答案，确保模型的时效性，画线词意思应该是“传播，扩散”，与spread意思相近。故选B。
4. B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Our model can't prevent a fire, but it can help with decisions on how to manage fires so that when a fire starts, it doesn't blow up into a huge, uncontrollable fire. (我们的模型不能防止火灾，但它可以帮助我们决定如何管理火灾，这样当火灾发生时，它就不会蔓延成无法控制的巨大火灾)”可知，研究者开发该新模型是为了更有效地控制野火。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·河北衡水)
Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for scientists. __1__ Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. Here are four steps you can take to prepare yourself in advance.
Drop, cover and hold
If you feel the ground start to shake, drop, take cover under a stable piece of furniture, and hold on. You can hide under something like a desk or table, with one arm holding on to a leg of the table and your other arm protecting your neck and head. __2__ In modern homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and will not protect you from injury.
Make a family plan
__3__ Create a meeting point—somewhere easy for everyone to remember, or you could also meet at home. Whatever plan you decide on, don't rely on your phone as your main form of communication. Technology fails all the time in disasters. A major earthquake in California, for example, damaged cell towers and knocked out communication services for days.
Secure your furniture
Those hanging shelves above your bed could be a danger during an earthquake. People often get injured from “flying or falling objects” like furniture or glass during earthquakes. So examine your home and ask yourself, “What could be a potential danger to my safety ” __4__
Make digital copies of important documents
Important documents may get destroyed during earthquakes. Therefore, scan or take photos of your important documents, such as your license, financial records and insurance policy information. __5__ This step can help ensure your documents will be available even if your computer is lost in a quake.
A. Then send them to your e mail.
B. These are all important personal documents.
C. Make sure your household has a plan of action.
D. Whatever you do, do not stand in a door frame.
E. If you find the answer, you need to run away immediately.
F. Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of warning ahead.
G. If possible, remove those heavy and big objects above your bed immediately.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震防范的四个重要的方法。
1. F　前文“Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for scientists. (与飓风等其他自然灾害不同，地震很难预测，即使对科学家来说也是如此。)”提到地震很难预测。后文“Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. (因此，具体的防震措施是必要的。)”说提前做防范措施很有必要。结合选项，F项“Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of warning ahead. (如今，早期探测系统只能提前几秒发出预警。)”承上启下，衔接前句，同时解释“防范措施有必要”的原因，符合语境。故选F。
2. D　后文“In modern homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and will not protect you from injury. (在现代家庭中，它并不比房子的其他部分更坚固，也不能保护你免受伤害。)”中的“it”可知，空处应为“it”的指代对象。结合选项，D项“Whatever you do, do not stand in a door frame. (无论你做什么，都不要站在门框上。)”中的“door frame”符合语境。故选D。
3. C　小标题“Make a family plan (制定家庭计划)”为中心句。后文“Create a meeting point—somewhere easy for everyone to remember, or you could also meet at home. (创建一个见面地点——在每个人都容易记住的地方，或者你们也可以在家里见面。)”可知，本段主要探讨应该做一个家庭的计划与预案。结合选项，C项“Make sure your household has a plan of action. (确保你的家庭有一个行动计划。)”照应标题，符合本段的中心主旨。故选C。
4. G　结合小标题“Secure your furniture (保护好家具)”以及前文“People often get injured from ‘flying or falling objects’ like furniture or glass during earthquakes. (人们经常在地震中被家具或玻璃等‘飞行或坠落的物体’伤害。)”可知，本段主要讲的是房间中的易掉落物品可能会在地震中伤到人。结合选项，G项“If possible, remove those heavy and big objects above your bed immediately. (如果可能的话，立即移走床上方那些又重又大的东西。)”符合文意，逻辑一致。故选G。
5. A　后文“This step can help ensure your documents will be available even if your computer is lost in a quake. (这一步可以帮助确保：即使你的电脑在地震中丢失了，你的文件也可以使用。)”可知，空处应该有“This step”的具体所指，故A项“Then send them to your e mail. (然后把它们发到你的邮箱。)”符合语境。故选A。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·浙江宁波)
As Hurricane Ian bore down on Florida, many residents who stayed put found themselves unable to leave even if they tried. For hours they were forced to fight heavy winds and attempt to escape flooding inside long loved homes that had become frightening, deadly traps. Within days, around 100 deaths in the state would be attributed to the hurricane, many of whom were older residents who drowned.
When the water slipped in under the door of their home, it was just a glimmer on the floor, a sign that it was time to go. It was Wednesday, Sept.28, around noon, and Bishop woke up her two brothers, who had been resting after lunch. She pulled the wheelchair up to the oldest, Russell, 67. Her other brother, Todd, 63, could manage with a walker.
Both men had been born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), and their mental development was like that of a young child. About 10 years ago, they started showing signs of Parkinson's disease. But they found joy in their surroundings. Todd liked collecting cans at the beach. Russell loved riding the bus and going to parks. Bishop, 61, was their lifeline—their little sister who had long felt an obligation to keep them safe.
“We've got to get going!” she shouted to them. She went to open the front door. It would not move. The weight of the water on the other side had made it shut. She rushed to try the door to the garage. It, too, was stuck. That's when the house began to flood. It went from ankle deep to knee deep in less than five minutes. Bishop knew that there was no way out.
Now Bishop and her brothers were trapped. At 12:34 p. m., she called 911 but couldn't get through. There was no one she could get in touch with. To try her fortune, she texted a neighbor, Walters, who was always there when neighbors were in need. “Water's coming in.” Around her, she could hear the dining room hutch (餐具柜) tipping and crashing, the china breaking, the refrigerator toppling over.
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
The only way to go was up, so Bishop guided her two brothers to the stairs. ___________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Bishop sank into despair, but she noticed it seemed water stopped coming in. __________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
The only way to go was up, so Bishop guided her two brothers to the stairs. First she helped Todd pull himself slowly up to the second floor, where he waited in a chair. But stairs were impossible for Russell, who could not walk nor bend his stiff legs. Bishop tried hard to pull him up the stairs, but Russell was too heavy for her. She tried every possible position, switching from pushing to pulling, but Russel was yelling “I can't, I can't” all the time and he was slipping and sliding.
Bishop sank into despair, but she noticed it seemed water stopped coming in. Looking outside, everywhere she saw it was water, and she could even see cars floating by. “Thank God, the wind and the rain stopped.” At around 6:30 p. m., Bishop heard a familiar voice calling outside, “Hello Hello Anyone in ” It was Walters. Standing in waist deep water, Walters instructed two of his friends to paddle the canoes near. Bishop held her brothers tightly in her arms, crying “Thank God, Walters is coming to save us!”
【详解】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了飓风Ian袭击了佛罗里达州，几天之内，该州约有100人死于飓风，其中许多是溺水身亡的老年居民，Bishop叫醒了两个哥哥，她的两个哥哥出生时都患有脑瘫，智力发育就像一个小孩子，大约10年前，他们开始表现出帕金森病的迹象，由于水太多，Bishop打不开门，Bishop和哥哥们被困住了，她给热心邻居Walters发了一条短信说屋里进水了。在她周围，她能听到餐厅的厨具被掀翻了，瓷器碎了，冰箱倒了。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“唯一的出路就是上楼，所以Bishop带着她的两个哥哥上了楼梯。”可知，第一段可描写Bishop如何尝试带哥哥上楼梯。
②由第二段首句内容“Bishop陷入了绝望，但她注意到水不再进来了。”可知，第二段可描写Bishop和哥哥们如何获救。
2. 续写线索：帮助Todd上楼——拉Russell上楼——Russell上不了楼——风雨停了——Walters赶到——Walters指示朋友救人——Bishop和哥哥们得救
(
1
)