【高考突破方案】英语选必四U1-2听课手册-高考一轮总复习 （教师版） 译林版

Unit 1 & Unit 2
Ⅰ.话题单词
competent adj. 足以胜任的　disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的　　 generous adj. 宽宏大量的 genteel adj. 装体面的 impartial adj. 公正的，中立的 industrious adj. 勤奋的 ingenious adj. 心灵手巧的 methodical adj. 有条理的 modest adj. 谦虚的 objective adj. 客观的 precise adj. 一丝不苟的 punctual adj. 守时的 sensible adj. 理智的 purposeful adj. 坚毅的 tireless adj. 不知疲倦的 sweet tempered adj. 性情温和的 aggressive adj. 志在必得的 amiable adj. 和蔼可亲的 bad tempered adj. 易怒的　 bigmouth adj. 多嘴多舌的 contemplative adj. 深思熟虑的 courageous adj. 勇敢的 cooperative adj. 同心协力的 diplomatic adj. 灵活变通的
Ⅱ.话题词块
a terrible gossip 长舌妇 with a pleasant mature attitude 开朗成熟 be willing to assume responsibilities 勇于承担责任 with a strong sense of cooperation 具有强烈的合作意识 possess a great team spirit 具有很强的集体精神 strong determination to succeed 获得成功的坚定决心 a highly motivated and reliable person 上进心强且可靠的人 make an emotional appeal for help 情绪激动地恳求救助 bright and aggressive applicants 反应快且有进取心的应聘者 enjoy a good relationship among my classmates 享受与同学之间的良好关系 tend to get emotional on these occasions 在这些场合往往容易情绪化 be able to work under pressure with leadership quality 能够在压力下工作，并具备领导素质 the ability to work independently, mature and resourceful 独立工作、思想成熟且足智多谋 a stable personality and a high sense of responsibility 个性稳重且具备高度责任感 have strong leadership skills while possessing excellent team spirit 具备很强的领导才能，同时拥有出色的团队精神 have a positive work attitude and be willing and able to work diligently without supervision 有积极的工作态度，愿意并且能够在没有监督的情况下勤奋地工作
Ⅲ.话题句式
1. Andrew is a terrific guy. He is really generous with both his time and his money.
安德鲁是个了不起的人。无论是时间还是金钱他从不吝啬。
2. Bob is such a big head. He never stops telling people how wonderful he is.
鲍勃是个自大狂。他总跟别人炫耀他有多棒。
3. He is quite a good man except for his quick temper.
他是个很好的人，就是脾气暴躁。
4. The main qualities required are hard work, strong learning ability, ambition and good health.
所需的主要素质是工作努力、学习能力强、有抱负和良好的健康状况。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Unit 1
It was barely ten o'clock at night. A policeman walked along the street as he always did. When he arrived at a store 1.__________ “Big Joe” Brady's restaurant used to stand, he saw a man standing in the doorway, who told him he was waiting for his friend because of an appointment 2.__________ (make) two decades ago. After striking a match to light his cigar, the man moved 3.__________ and said he believed his friend Jimmy would turn up, for Jimmy always was the truest and 4.__________ (rely) fellow. Having heard this, the policeman sent his best wishes for 5.__________ meeting and went away. About twenty minutes later, a tall man appeared, who called the man Bob and approached him. 6.____________ (think) that he was his best friend, the man suspected nothing. But before he knew what happened, he 7.__________ (arrest) by the tall man, who then handed him a note, which read “Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you 8.__________ (light) your cigar, I recognized you, but I also realized you were the 9.____________ (crime) wanted in Chicago. I couldn't arrest you 10.__________ (I), so I got a plain clothes man to do the job. JIMMY.”
答案：1.where　2.made　3.on　4.most reliable　5.the　6.Thinking　7.was arrested　8.lit/lighted　9.criminal　10.myself
Unit 2
Words we use and the way we use them can carry much information. Communication is 1.__________ exchange of information between a sender and a receiver, 2.__________ can be a complex 3.____________ (challenge) process. However, with practice and patience, you can become a 4.____________ (high) competent communicator if you can choose the appropriate communication style according to various 5.__________ (situation). Your body language 6.__________ (reveal) a lot about your thoughts and attitudes, so make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. Remember 7.__________ (understand) the other person's emotions, by putting yourself 8.__________ their shoes and looking at the situation from 9.__________ (they) perspective. With effective communication, you can tackle differences and disagreements appropriately, improve your 10.__________ (interact) with others and build trust and gain other people's respect.
答案：1.the　2.which　3.challenging　4.highly　5.situations　6.reveals　7.to understand　8.in　9.their　10.interactions
Ⅰ.词族关联(根据汉语和词性写出单词)
1. __________ n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→__________ v. 任命，委任；确定(时间、地点)
2. __________ adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→__________ v. 依靠，信任
3. __________ adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人→__________ n. 无辜，清白，无罪；天真，纯真
4. __________ adj.社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→__________ adj.社会的，社会地位的；社交的，交际的→__________ n. 社会；社团，协会，学会
5. __________ n. 矿物，矿物质→__________ v. 开矿，采矿 n. 矿井，矿
6. __________ adj.失望的，沮丧的→__________ vt.使失望；使落空→__________ adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的→__________ n. 失望，沮丧；使人失望的人(或事物)，令人扫兴的人(或事物)
7. __________ n. 指导；导航→__________ v. 指导；给某人领路(或导游)，指引 n. 指南，手册；导游，向导；指导者，指引者
8. __________ adj.灰心的→__________ vt.使灰心；阻止→__________ adj. 令人灰心的→__________ n. 灰心；阻止；使人泄气的事物，挫折
9. __________ vt. 满足需要；相配，合身 n. 套装，西装，西服→__________ adj. 合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
10. __________ adj. 博学的，有见识的→__________ n. 知识，学识；知悉，了解
11. __________ vi. & vt. 赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)→__________ adj.赞成的→__________ n. 赞成；批准，通过，认可(计划、要求等)
12. __________ adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的→__________ vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使陷入困境→__________ adj. 使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)→__________ n. 窘迫，难堪；困境
13. __________ n. 意图，计划→__________ vt. & vi.想要，计划；意指
答案：1.appointment; appoint　2.reliable; rely　3.innocent; innocence　4.socialist; social; society　5.mineral; mine　6.disappointed; disappoint; disappointing; disappointment　7.guidance; guide　8.discouraged; discourage; discouraging; discouragement　9.suit; suitable　10.knowledgeable; knowledge　11.approve; approving; approval　12.embarrassed; embarrass; embarrassing; embarrassment　13.intention; intend
Ⅱ.词块构建(根据汉语意思，每空格中填入一个单词)
1. __________ promises 信守诺言
__________ promises 许下诺言
2. walk __________ to (尤指自信地)向………走去，走近
3. tear __________ 拆毁，拆除
tear __________ 撕下，撕掉；(胡乱地)脱掉，扯下(衣服)
4. make one's __________ 发财
5. lose __________ 失去联系
6. turn __________ 露面，来到；被发现，被找到；(机会)出现
7. pull __________ 掏出；脱离；驶出
8. make an appointment __________ 遵守与……的约定
9. arm __________ arm 臂挽着臂
hand __________ hand 手牵手
face __________ face 面对面
shoulder __________ shoulder 肩并肩
10. stare __________ 凝视
11. take charge __________ 掌管；主管
12. __________ arrest 被逮捕
13. __________ a lie 过骗人的生活，为人虚伪
14. hold __________ 举起，支撑；承受住；阻碍，延迟
15. __________ speaking 坦率地说
__________ speaking 一般来说
16. __________ the mercy of sb./sth. 任……处置，对……无能为力
17. weigh __________ sb./sth.使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
18. __________ the benefit of 为了……的利益，为帮助……
19. be interpreted __________ 可以理解为，被解释为
20. be accompanied __________ 伴随着
21. function __________ 起……的作用，具有……的功能
22. negotiate __________ 与……谈判
23. put yourself __________ sb.'s shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地
24. __________ one's perspective 从某人的角度
25. engage sb. __________ 使某人从事，参加
26. account __________ sth. 是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上、比例上)占
27. approve __________ 赞成，赞同
28. make adjustments __________ 对……作出调整
29. have a preference __________ 偏爱
30. get straight __________ the point 开门见山，直奔主题
31. have no intention __________ 无意……
32. sign (sb.) __________ (for sth.)(给某人)报名(参加课程)
33. __________ one's mind(s)/horizon(s) 拓展视野，开阔眼界
34. tend __________ do sth. 往往会做某事
a tendency __________ do sth. 做某事的趋势
35. be integrated __________ 融入/加入……
答案：1.keep; make　2.up　3.down; off　4.fortune　5.contact　6.up　7.out　8.with　9.in; in; to; to　10.at　11.of　12.under　13.live　14.up　15.frankly; generally　16.at　17.on 18. for　19.as　20.by　21.as　22.with　23.in　24.from　25.in　26.for　27.of　28.to　29.for 30. to　31.of　32.up　33.broaden　34.to; to　35.into/with
Ⅲ.佳句背诵
1. However, ____________________________, “Jade is good for nothing if not carved.”(P12)然而，正如那句中国的谚语所说，“玉不琢，不成器。”
仿写：正如那句老话所说，“天助自助者。”
________________________, “God helps those who help themselves.”
2. ________________________ it is a Chinese poem and that she is able to recite it without an accent.(P23)特别的是，那是一首中文诗，她能不带口音地背诵它。
仿写：奇怪的是，父亲同意了母亲的决定。
________________________ Dad agreed to Mom's decision.
3. ________________________ studying Chinese provides access to wonderful Chinese history and culture.(P23)另外一个原因是，学习中文提供了接触精彩的中国历史和文化的机会。
仿写：他拒绝了，原因是他不知道怎么制作爆米花。
He refused. ________________________ he didn't know how to make popcorn.
答案：1.just as the Chinese saying goes; As the old saying goes　2.What is special is that; What was strange was that　3.Another reason is that; The reason was that
1. ashamed adj. 惭愧，羞愧，尴尬
教材原句：I was so ashamed of myself. (P7) 我对自己感到如此羞愧。
be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth. 对(做)某事感到惭愧/羞愧
be/feel ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事
be/feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧
shame n. 惭愧，羞愧；让人遗憾的事 v. 使羞愧(或惭愧)；使丢脸
单句语法填空/一句多译
①I'm ashamed ____________ (admit) that I've never read any of his books.
②He felt very ashamed ____________ himself and was very sorry for his behaviour.
③It is ____________ shame that I couldn't arrive at the appointed time.
④我是如此羞愧，以致我感觉心如刀绞，泪水模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之心理描写)
＝I ________________________ I felt as if a knife were being twisted in my heart, tears clouding my eyes.(so…that)
＝________________________ I felt as if a knife were being twisted in my heart, tears clouding my eyes.(用so…that句型的倒装)
答案：①to admit　②of　③a　④was so ashamed that; So ashamed was I that
2. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
教材原句：Frankly speaking, I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could. (P8) 说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。
be disappointed at/by/in/with sth. 对某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人感到失望
be disappointed to do sth. 做某事感到失望
be disappointed that… 对……感到失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的
disappoint vt.使失望；使落空
it disappoints sb. that… ……使某人失望
disappointment n. [U]失望，沮丧；[C]使人失望的人(或事物)，令人扫兴的人(或事物)
to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是
in disappointment 失望地(＝disappointedly adv.)
单句语法填空/一句多译
①One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office with ____________ (disappoint) looks on their faces.
②How ____________ (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!
③Visitors were disappointed ____________ (find) the museum closed.
④The children failed to hide their ____________ (disappoint) when they found out the school had cancelled the party.
⑤The fans were disappointed ____________ the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website.
⑥这次旅行天天下雨，让我们大失所望。
________________________, it rained every day of the trip.
＝________________________ it rained every day of the trip.
答案：①disappointed　②disappointing　③to find　④disappointment　⑤in/with　⑥To our great disappointment; It disappointed us greatly that
3. pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
教材原句：Then I walked away, pretending not to have heard anything. (P8) 然后我走开了，假装什么也没有听到。
pretend to be＋adj./n. 假装是……
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth. 假装已经做了某事
pretend that… 假装/装作……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Miss Harper closed her eyes and pretended ____________ (be) asleep.
②He pretended ______________ (read) an important paper when the boss came in.
③42% of people _____________________ (假装已经读了) the book 1984.
答案：①to be　②to be reading　③pretended to have read
4. discouraged adj. 灰心的
教材原句：However, the boy was not discouraged, believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved. (P12) 然而，小男孩并没有气馁，相信自己能影响那些被他救起的海星。
be discouraged by sth. 对……感到灰心
discouraging adj. 令人灰心的
discourage vt. 使灰心；阻止
discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
discouragement n. 灰心；阻止；使人泄气的事物，挫折
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel ____________ (discourage) at times.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)
②I shouldn't have made those ____________ (discourage) remarks. It may be difficult to do at first—try again!
③He is easily discouraged ________ difficulties and obstacles.
④Mum __________________________________________ (阻止我网上聊天). She says I spend too much time on it.(话题写作之学习生活)
答案：①discouraged　②discouraging　③by　④discourages me from chatting online
5. embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的
教材原句：Those who are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hurting others… (P21) 即使他们不是有意要伤害别人，那些人还是很可能会觉得烦恼或者尴尬……
be embarrassed about/at sth. 因某事感到尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth. 对做某事感到尴尬
embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的/难堪的/惭愧的
embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬；使陷入困境
it embarrasses sb. to do sth./that… 做某事使人窘迫
embarrassment n. 窘迫，难堪；困境
to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Afraid of being made fun of, he struggled to his feet, his face burning with ____________ (embarrass).
②Don't get caught making an ____________ (embarrass) mistake at a restaurant.(2022·全国甲卷)
③When I began to sing, he laughed, which made me ____________ (embarrass).
④The boy felt embarrassed ____________ his mistaking a stranger for his teacher.
⑤______________________ (使他很尴尬) he had no idea of what was going on.
答案：①embarrassment　②embarrassing　③embarrassed　④about/at　⑤It embarrassed him that
6. intention n. 意图，计划
intention of doing sth.＝intention to do sth. 做某事的意图
intend vt. & vi. 打算，想要，计划；意指
intend doing sth./to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb./sth. to do sth. 想要某人/某物做某事
intend that…/it is intended that… 打算……
intended adj. 计划的，打算的；为……打算/设计的
be intended for sb./sth. 为……打算/设计的
be intended to be/to do sth. 为成为/做……而打算
be intended as sth. 作为……而打算
intentional adj. 故意的，有意的，存心的
单句语法填空/一句多译
①However people intend ____________ (use) their money, managing it seems to be unprecedentedly important to younger generations.
②The course is intended ____________ (educate) people about the destructive effects of alcohol abuse.
③This money is intended ____________ the development of the tourist industry.
④One day, we went sailing with the ________ (intend) of enjoying the fantastic scenes of the sea.
⑤他宣称自己想要成为世界上最好的高尔夫球选手(golfer)。
He declared his intention ________________________________________________.
＝He declared his intention that ________________________________________________.
＝He declared that he intended ________________________________________________.
答案：①using/to use　②to educate　③for　④intention　⑤to become/of becoming the best golfer in the world; he would become the best golfer in the world; to become the best golfer in the world
weigh on sb./sth. 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
教材原句：Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you. (P12) 有时候，责任可能使你焦虑不安。
weigh down 使焦虑，使忧心忡忡；压弯
weigh out 称出(一定重量的东西)
weigh up 权衡，斟酌；(通过观察或谈话)形成对……的看法，品评
单句语法填空/完成句子
①These nests increase in size each year, and can eventually weigh ____________ the branch.
②Remember, it is not the burdens of life that ____________(把我们压垮), it is how we handle them.
③资金短缺使我心情沉重。
Our lack of money began to _________________________.
④他们证明，在人们决定是否点燃香烟之前，就会权衡吸烟的健康风险、可能带来的社交和心理好处以及吸烟正在形成习惯的事实。
They argue that people ____________ the health risks of smoking, the possible social and psychological benefits and the fact that it is habit forming, before deciding whether to light up.
答案：①down　②weigh us down　③weigh on me或weigh me down　④weigh up
reason作主语时的表语从句
教材原句：Another reason is that studying Chinese provides access to wonderful Chinese history and culture. (P23) 另外一个原因是，学习中文提供了接触精彩的中国历史和文化的机会。
the reason (why/for which…) is that… 原因是……
that's why… 那就是……的原因
that's because… 那是因为……
[句式辨析]
that's why… 后接的是结果
There is no air and water on the moon. That's why no creatures can live there.
that's because… 后接的是原因
No creatures can live on the moon. That's because there is no air and water there.
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The reason ____________ the injection needs repeating every year is __________ the virus changes.
②读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活，减轻我们的压力。这就是我们应该多读经典作品的原因。
Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure. ___________________
___________. (that is why…)
＝We should read more classics. ______________________________________________. (that is because…)
＝____________________________________________ reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.(the reason why…is that…)
答案：①why; that　②That is why we should read more classics; That is because reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure; The reason why we should read more classics is that
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. It is good manners to keep an __________ at the __________ time.(appoint)
2. What's worse, it even becomes a barrier of the moral development in __________ (social).
3. Faced with a setback (挫折) such as a __________(disappoint) test grade, students with a growth mind set said they would study harder or try a different strategy.
4. If you do not know how to behave __________ (you) at table in a foreign country, you should copy the host.
5. Traveling a lot is a good way to help people become __________ (knowledge).
6. Don't feel __________ by the __________ news because your __________ may have a bad effect on you.(discourage)
7. Without your __________ and encouragement, we couldn't have made such great progress, so we decide to engage you as our __________.(guide)
8. The original ____________ (intend) was to devote three months to the project.
9. I can't ____________ (tolerance) working with Kate in the same office, for she always behaves badly to others.
10. We are often ashamed __________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. Remember, you are only a human.
11. Trains are __________ (rely), cheap and best for long distance journeys.
12. The mere fact of being poor makes such children __________ (crime) in the eyes of the police.
13. If the supply of vitamins and ____________ (mine) in the diet is inadequate, this will result in changes in body chemistry.
14. From her __________ face, we can't find anything bad about her, and furthermore the new evidence will make sure of her __________.(innocent)
15. Much to her __________ (embarrass), she realized that everybody had been listening to her singing.
16. The plan will be submitted to the committee for official __________ (approve).
17. He walked from the court arm __________ arm with his wife.
18. It's ____________ (legal) to read people's private letters without permission.
19. She buried her head under the covers, pretending __________ (be) asleep.
20. The committee opposed __________ (change) the regulations.
答案：1.appointment; appointed　2.society 3. disappointing　4.yourself　5.knowledgeable　6.discouraged; discouraging; discouragement　7.guidance; guide　8.intention　9.tolerate　10.of　11.reliable　12.criminals　13.minerals 14. innocent; innocence　15.embarrassment　16.approval　17.in　18.illegal　19.to be　20. changing
Ⅱ.短语填空
tear down, weigh on, broaden one's mind, make one's fortune, lose contact, approve of, at the mercy of, engage…in, hold up, sign…up
1. We should be the masters of our fate, and not be ________________ our fate.
2. She tried desperately to ____________ him __________ conversation.
3. Our city will ________________ these buildings to make room for some grasslands.
4. The responsibility of her new job has begun to ______________ her.
5. My application ________________ by the postal strike.
6. Few would disagree that travel ________________.
7. __________ your child __________ for “Fly to the Moon Club” and enjoy a free flight to any destination in Asia!
8. Our volunteers will also do their best to lend a helping hand in case your child should walk away and ________________ with you.
9. Jone's father was among the first to ____________________ in what is now known as one of the most fantastic tourist attractions—Hawaii.
10. Her father will never ________________ her marrying such a lazy fellow.
答案：1.at the mercy of　2.engage; in　3.tear down　4.weigh on　5.was held up　6.broadens one's mind　7.Sign; up　8.lose contact　9.make his fortune　10.approve of
Ⅲ.熟词生义
1. Energy experts predict that limited resources on the Earth are running out, which arrests many people's attention.________________
2. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem.________________
3. Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.________________
4. It was a neighbour called Mario, coming to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice gesture for him to make.________________
5. I told him about the many activities in which I was involved. And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.________________
6. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.________________
答案：1.v.吸引(注意)　2.n.小问题　3.v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动　4.n.(表明感情或意图的)姿态，表示　5.n.好处，利益　6.n.差错
Ⅳ.话题语法填空
In the ancient Shuowen Jiezi, trust is defined as a combination of sincerity and reliability, 1.__________ (emphasize) the importance of keeping one's word. This concept was 2.__________ (deep) valued in ancient China, with many proverbs highlighting the significance of integrity in personal and professional relationships. Cao Cao, the 3.__________ (rule) of the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms Period, embodied (体现) this spirit of trustworthiness, which played a crucial role in his ability 4.__________ (draw) numerous heroes to his side.
During the Three Kingdoms era, a time 5.__________ (mark) by division and conflict among the states of Wei, Shu, and Wu, loyalty was a prized yet rare commodity (商品). Cao Cao's relationship 6.__________ Guan Yu shows his understanding of trust and respect as foundational 7.__________ (element) of leadership. After capturing Xu Region, Cao Cao encountered Guan Yu. Guan Yu's surrender (投降) to Cao Cao, under the condition 8.__________ he would leave once he learned of Liu Bei's whereabouts, presented 9.__________ unique challenge. Cao Cao's acceptance of these terms, and his subsequent efforts to win over Guan Yu, demonstrate a strategic approach to leadership that 10.__________ (value) talent and honours personal loyalty.
答案：1.emphasizing　2.deeply　3.ruler　4.to draw　5.marked　6.with　7.elements　8.that　9.a　10.values
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)
I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __1__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __2__, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __3__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I __4__ it! Between the girl making my __5__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __6__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __7__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __8__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __9__ her bike and went for a ride. The __10__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __11__. That day, I got __12__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __13__.
I've __14__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __15__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
1. A.knew B. held
C. won D. quit
2. A.regularly B. silently
C. proudly D. recently
3. A.asking B. looking
C. waiting D. training
4. A.made B. believed
C. hated D. deserved
5. A.advantage B. achievement
C. contribution D. influence
6. A.way B. risk
C. place D. reason
7. A.gave up B. went on
C. turned to D. dealt with
8. A.heard B. dreamed
C. complained D. approved
9. A.painted B. borrowed
C. bought D. parked
10. A.problem B. secret
C. principle D. advice
11. A.dangers B. events
C. opponents D. challenges
12. A.passed B. convinced
C. admired D. stopped
13. A.reliable B. convenient
C. familiar D. appealing
14. A.traveled B. matured
C. missed D. worried
15. A.limits B. dates
C. goals D. tests
答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动(跑步和骑自行车)的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
1. C　根据第一段的“I've been motivated…by other folks' achievements”以及下文的“Feeling motivated”可知，“我”被朋友取得的成就所激励，因此邻居朋友应是赢得了马拉松比赛，won 符合语境。
2. A　根据上文的“Feeling motivated”可知，“我”受该朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励，开始定期(regularly)跑步。
3. D　根据下文“a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，该女生告诉“我”她在为52.4 英里的双马拉松比赛而进行训练(training)。
4. C　根据下文的“the pure boredom of jogging”以及“… I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”可知，“我”讨厌(hated)跑步。
5. B　根据上文女生为52.4 英里的双马拉松比赛进行训练，而“我”最长的跑步距离才15 英里可知，和她相比，“我”的成就(achievement)显得微不足道。
6. D　根据下文的“I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”可知，“我”下定决心，只有被狗追赶，“我”才会再次跑步，这是“我”再次跑步的唯一原因或理由(reason)。
7. C　根据上文“我”讨厌跑步及下文的“cycling”可知，“我”对跑步失去兴趣，转为(turned to)骑自行车。
8. B　根据上文的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”以及下文的“entering cycle races”可知，“我”梦想着(dreamed of)参加自行车比赛。
9. B　根据上文的“While she was at work one day”可知，姐姐上班去了，“我”借(borrowed)她的自行车出去兜风。
10. A　根据下文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的路穿过大山谷，所以“我”需要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这是“我”遇到的问题(problem)。
11. D　根据上文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，“我”从未遇到过这样的挑战(challenges)。
12. A　根据下文的“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，当地自行车手习惯了在这种上坡路上骑行，所以此处指的是“我”被大约100 名当地自行车手超过(passed)了。
13. D　根据上文“我”在上坡路上骑行遇到的挑战以及被当地自行车手赶超可知，“我”应该很受挫，所以回家后觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力(appealing)了。
14. B　通过“我”的两次经历以及下文的“I've come to accept that…”可知，“我”应该是成熟了(matured)许多。
15. C　根据下文的“I set for myself, they just have to be my own”可知，此处指无论“我”为自己设定什么目标(goals)，都必须是(适合)“我”自己的目标。
“完形填空”答题技能
第一步 抓住文章中心：中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文章开头与结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
第二步 明确叙述角度：在做题时，考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
第三步 理清写作顺序：记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
第四步 明确写作要素：弄清记叙文的6要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
第五步 洞悉写作目的：写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
名师点睛：记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几种技巧： 据搭配，知答案；重平行，觅逻辑；破难句，解句意；巧排除，降难度；由熟词，知生义；词汇复现溯根源，逻辑关系解疑难。
Ⅱ.应用文赏析
(2025·江西南昌)
假定你是李华，你校决定使用AI技术来监考，以防作弊。请你给学校英文报编辑写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你对 AI 监考的担忧；
2. 提出你的建议。
【精选佳作】
根据中文补全语篇：
Dear Editor，
I'm writing to express my concern about①_________________________________________
(最近我们学校在考试期间使用人工智能技术来监控学生的决定). While I understand the intention to prevent cheating, I'm worried it may violate our privacy.
In my opinion, having an environment of trust and integrity can be more beneficial than strict monitoring. Perhaps we could enhance our honor code during exams instead of relying on AI monitoring.
I kindly urge our school heads to reconsider this decision and ②________________________
______________________________(探索新方法来促进学术诚信).
Thank you for considering my opinion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【句式点拨】
In my opinion, having an environment of trust and integrity can be more beneficial than strict monitoring.
翻译：③____________________________________________________________________
分析：句中having an environment of trust and integrity为④________作主语。
【结构解析】
答案：①our school's recent decision to use AI technology to monitor students during exams　②explore new methods to promote academic honesty　③在我看来，拥有一个充满信任和正直的环境可能比严格的监控更有益。　④动名词　⑤担忧　⑥建议
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广东茂名)
Never letting my friends post pictures of me online, I didn't have social media until 17. I had a smartphone from 11, and would text and call my friends a lot. The key difference was that I was a digital viewer, not a participant. When they asked why I didn't have social media, my answer would change as the years passed.
Initially, not being on social media as a teen did, unsurprisingly, made me feel secluded. Conversations between my friends would not always take place on text, but via social media. New gossip would circulate in the evenings, but I would only find it out the next morning, by which point it was old news. Plus, there were certain new trends I just didn't understand.
At 14, I tried really hard to persuade my mum to let me be online. I told her it was more damaging to me not being on social media, but her response was that she could see things I couldn't. I thought she was overstating and couldn't completely understand what it was like to be a teen growing up in a digital generation.
People ask me if I ever secretly downloaded social media during my teen years, but I didn't. The main thing that stopped me was that the conversation was always left open. My parents never shut me down when I asked for it: They would ask why I wanted it and then explain the positives and negatives of what it would be like to be online at the age I was. We had a strong relationship built on trust.
I am so glad I entered social media as a fully formed person rather than being formed by it. I would not be the person I am today if I'd had social media during my adolescent years.
1. What does the underlined word “secluded” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Ashamed. B. Disconnected.
C. Angry. D. Disappointed.
2. What can we infer from the author's NOT being allowed to be on social media at 14
A. She lacked spare time.
B. She had poor eyesight.
C. Her parents were concerned about her physical safety.
D. Her parents protected her from the negative impact of social media.
3. Why did the author never secretly download social media during her teen years
A. There was no Internet access.
B. She had no idea how to do it by herself.
C. She knew negative effects of social media.
D. There was a strong trust between her and her parents through talks.
4. Which is the best title for the text
A. Social Media in Teenage Life
B. A Must of Avoiding Social Media
C. Growing up Without Social Media
D. My Teens Monitored by My Parents
答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者直到17岁才拥有社交媒体，在此之前她一直是一个数字旁观者。作者的父母认为社交媒体会对她产生负面影响，因此没有允许她使用社交媒体。作者也很庆幸自己在成年后才进入社交媒体，因为社交媒体并没有塑造自己。
1. B　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“New gossip would circulate in the evenings, but I would only find it out the next morning, by which point it was old news. Plus, there were certain new trends I just didn't understand.(晚上会有新的八卦流传，但我只能在第二天早上才发现，而那时已经是旧闻了。此外，还有一些我不理解的新趋势。)”可知，作者因为没有社交媒体，所以无法参与晚上的聊天，只能在第二天早上才知道发生了什么，也无法理解一些新的趋势。由此可知，作者作为一个青少年，没有社交媒体让她感到被孤立了。故画线词的意思是“被孤立的”，与disconnected的意思最为接近。故选B。
2. D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“At 14, I tried really hard to persuade my mum to let me be online. I told her it was more damaging to me not being on social media, but her response was that she could see things I couldn't.(14岁的时候，我非常努力地说服母亲让我上网。我告诉她，我不使用社交媒体对我的伤害更大，但她的回答是，她能看到我看不到的东西。)”可知，作者的母亲认为社交媒体会对作者产生负面影响，所以没有允许作者使用社交媒体。由此可知，作者的父母保护她免受社交媒体的负面影响。故选D。
3. D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“People ask me if I ever secretly downloaded social media…We had a strong relationship built on trust.(人们问我在青少年时期是否曾偷偷下载过社交媒体，但我没有。阻止我的主要原因是，我们的对话总是保持开放。当我提出要求时，我的父母从来没有拒绝过我：他们会问我为什么想要它，然后解释在我这个年龄上网会有什么样子的积极和消极影响。我们建立在信任的基础上的关系很牢固。)”可知，作者在青少年时期没有偷偷下载社交媒体，是因为她和父母之间有很牢固的信任关系，通过对话解决了这个问题。故选D。
4. C　标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段“I am so glad that I entered social media as a fully formed person rather than being formed by it. I would not be the person I am today if I'd had social media during my adolescent years.(我很高兴我是作为一个完整的人进入社交媒体的，而不是被它塑造的。如果我在青少年时期就使用社交媒体，我就不会是今天的我。)”可知，作者在17岁后才使用社交媒体，并且认为这对她的成长和发展有很大的帮助。由此可知，“Growing up Without Social Media(在没有社交媒体的环境中成长)”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
B
Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that sign language is unique—a speech of the hand. It offers a new way to look into how the brain generates and understands language, and throws new light on an old scientific debate: Whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one wise teacher Bill Stokoe at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world's only liberal arts university for deaf people.
When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: Among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.
Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language And could that language be unlike any other on the Earth Back then, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. No wonder that Stokoe's idea was considered academically wrong then.
It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades, educators fought his idea that sign language is natural language like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the adaptation of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the adaptation of space. “What I said，” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it's brain stuff.”
5. What does sign language bring
A. An end of an old scientific debate.
B. A new way to generate languages.
C. A challenge to traditional views.
D. A change of human languages.
6. What inspired Stokoe to study sign language
A. His wish to help the deaf.
B. His position as an English teacher.
C. Students' discrimination against ASL.
D. Different signs between teachers and students.
7. Which statement did many educators agree to
A. Sign language is just for deaf people.
B. Sign language is as natural as English.
C. A language should be based on the adaptation of space.
D. A language could only exist in the form of speech sounds.
8. What is the best title for the passage
A. Sign Language: A Genuine Language
B. A Hot Button in Sign Language
C. Bill Stokoe: A Pioneer in Language
D. Sign Language Not Mouth Stuff
答案及解析：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述“手语”语言。手语已经成为科学研究的热点。直到最近20年，语言研究专家才意识到手语是一种独特的语言——一种手的语言。它们为探索大脑如何产生和理解语言提供了一种新方法，并为一项古老的科学争议提供了新的视角：语言，包括语法，是我们与生俱来的，还是一种后天习得的行为。
5. C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It offers a new way to looks into how the brain…or whether it is a learned behavior.(他们提供了一种新的方式来研究大脑是如何产生和理解语言的，并为一项古老的科学争论提供了新的视角：语言，包括语法，是我们与生俱来的东西，还是一种后天习得的行为。)”可知，手语带来了对传统观点的挑战。故选C。
6. D　细节理解题。根据第二段“When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: Among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.(当比尔·斯托克去加劳德特大学教英语时，学校为他报名了一门手语课程。但斯托克注意到了一些奇怪的事情：学生们的手势与他的课堂老师不同。)”可知，老师和学生之间的不同手势激发了斯托克学习手语。故选D。
7. D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For decades, educators fought his idea that…the movement of hands, the adaptation of space.(几十年来，教育工作者一直反对他的观点，即手语是像英语、法语和日语一样的自然语言。他们认为语言必须以言语为基础，即声音的改编。但手语是基于手的运动，对空间的适应。)”可知，许多教育家认为语言只能以声音的形式存在。故选D。
8. A　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Sign has become a scientific hot button…or whether it is a learned behavior. (手语已经成为一个科学热点。只是在过去的20年里，语言研究专家才意识到手语是独特的——一种用手说话的语言。这提供了一种新的方式来研究大脑是如何产生和理解语言的，并为一个古老的科学争议提供了新的视角：语言，包括语法，是我们与生俱来的东西，还是一种后天习得的行为。)”以及第三段中的“He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language (他想知道：失聪的人是否真的有一种真正的语言 )”结合文章论述“手语”语言可知，A选项“手语：一种真正的语言”符合文章标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖南长沙)
Luke Coelho recently transferred from Brazil to attend school in the United States. He understands that integrity and __1__ are values appreciated in all countries and cultures. And Luke didn't hesitate to __2__ both when he found a pocket full of family __3__ left behind in a(n) __4__ jacket.
Andy's Attic is a clothing donation program at Luke's new school, and Luke recently __5__ the jacket through the program. Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket.
When Luke put on the coat, __6__, he found much more than a warm coat. Inside the pocket, Luke discovered some personal __7__, including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings!
Luke __8__ shared the news with his aunt Taryn Souza and together they set to work trying to __9__ the owner of the items. With some detective work, they were __10__ to find Dave. Of course, he was __11__ to receive the prized pieces back, but he hadn't even __12__ that they were in the jacket!
Earlier this year, both Dave's mother and wife passed away, so he was especially __13__ to have back the wedding ring he'd bought for his wife and items that had __14__ his mother. Dave stated, “This fine young man did the right thing. I totally __15__ what they did for me and my family.”
1. A.courage B. bravery
C. generosity D. honesty
2. A.exercise B. check
C. promote D. learn
3. A.elements B. treasures
C. traditions D. memories
4. A.forgotten B. outdated
C. donated D. worn
5. A.discovered B. received
C. found D. changed
6. A.to his surprise B. in relief
C. out of curiosity D. with joy
7. A.gold B. art
C. material D. belongings
8. A.excitedly B. hesitantly
C. eventually D. immediately
9. A.locate B. recognize
C. remind D. inform
10. A.eager B. likely
C. able D. ready
11. A.supposed B. excited
C. surprised D. annoyed
12. A.mentioned B. imagined
C. admitted D. realized
13. A.grateful B. determined
C. anxious D. amazed
14. A.led to B. come from
C. belonged to D. stood for
15. A.accept B. appreciate
C. support D. understand
答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫卢克的男子在别人捐赠的夹克里发现了贵重的私人物品，竭尽全力物归原主的故事。
1. D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他明白，正直和诚实是所有国家和文化都欣赏的美德。A. courage勇气；B. bravery勇敢；C. generosity慷慨；D. honesty诚实。根据后文“they were __10__ to find Dave”可知，卢克把这些贵重物品归还主人，践行了正直诚实的美德。故选D。
2. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当卢克在一件捐赠的夹克里发现了一个装满家庭贵重物品的口袋时，他毫不犹豫地践行了这两种美德。A. exercise使用；B. check检查；C. promote促进；D. learn学习。根据后文“they were __10__ to find Dave”可知，卢克把这些贵重物品归还主人，正是在践行正直诚实的美德。故选A。
3. B　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. elements要素；B. treasures财宝；C. traditions传统；D. memories记忆。根据后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，口袋里装满了一些贵重物品。故选B。
4. C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意见第2题解析。A. forgotten被遗忘的；B. outdated过时的；C. donated被捐赠的；D. worn用旧的。根据后文“Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket.”可知，这件夹克来自别人的捐赠。故选C。
5. B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：Andy's Attic是卢克新学校的一个服装捐赠项目，卢克最近通过该项目收到了这件夹克。A. discovered发现；B. received收到；C. found发现；D. changed改变。根据后文“the jacket through the program”及“Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket.”可知，卢克最近通过该项目收到了这件夹克。故选B。
6. A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：当卢克穿上外套时，令他惊讶的是，他发现它不仅仅是一件温暖的外套。A. to his surprise使他惊讶的是；B. in relief松了口气；C. out of curiosity出于好奇；D. with joy充满喜悦地。根据后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，夹克口袋里装满了一些贵重物品，这使卢克很惊讶。故选A。
7. D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在口袋里，卢克发现了一些私人物品，包括两块手表、一个手镯和两个钻戒！A. gold金子；B. art艺术；C. material物质；D. belongings所有物。根据前文“personal”及后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，这些东西都属于个人所有物。故选D。
8. D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：卢克立即把这个消息告诉了他的姨母塔林·索萨，他们一起开始寻找失主。A. excitedly激动地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. eventually最终；D. immediately立即。根据前文“Luke discovered some personal __7__, including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，卢克发现捐赠的夹克里带有贵重物品，会马上告知亲人。故选D。
9. A　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. locate定位；B. recognize认出；C. remind提醒；D. inform通知。根据后文“the owner of the items”可知，卢克和姨母开始寻找失主。故选A。
10. C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过一番侦查，他们终于找到了戴夫。A. eager渴望的；B. likely可能的；C. able有能力的；D. ready准备好的。根据前文“With some detective work”可知，经过探查，他们能够找到失主。故选C。
11. B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，他很兴奋能拿回那些贵重的东西，但他甚至没有意识到它们在夹克里！A. supposed假定的；B. excited激动的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. annoyed生气的。根据前文“Of course”及“to receive the prized pieces back”可知，失物回归，尤其是贵重的物品，感到激动是人之常情。故选B项。
12. D　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mentioned提到；B. imagined想象；C. admitted承认；D. realized意识到。根据后文“that they were in the jacket”可知，戴夫没有意识到这些东西在夹克里。故选D。
13. A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候，戴夫的母亲和妻子都去世了，所以他特别感激能拿回他给妻子买的结婚戒指和曾经属于他母亲的东西。A. grateful感激的；B. determined有决心的；C. anxious焦急的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据前文“they were __10__ to find Dave”及“to receive the prized pieces back”可知，卢克把这些贵重物品物归原主，戴夫会非常感激他。故选A。
14. C　考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. led to导致；B. come from来自；C. belonged to属于；D. stood for代表。根据前文“items”及后文“his mother”可知，这些物品属于戴夫过世的母亲。故选C。
15. B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢他们为我和我的家人所做的一切。A. accept接受；B. appreciate感激；C. support支持；D. understand理解。根据前文“he was especially __13__ to have back…”可知，戴夫对卢克所做的一切表示感激。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·河南郑州)
Lu Xun (1881－1936), known as the “father of modern Chinese literature”, once 1.________ (write) that the beauty of Chinese characters is present in three aspects: Their meaning enlightens the mind, their sound touches the ear, and their appearance appeals 2.__________ the eye.
Chinese characters, dating back more than 3，000 years, originated as a pictographic writing system, 3.__________ (borrow) the shape of the sun, the moon, birds and beasts, among others. 4.__________ (improve) aesthetics (美学) and efficiency of use, multiple writing styles were developed over the passage of time, such as zhuanshu, lishu, caoshu and kaishu. Their beauty is 5.__________ (extreme) visible in calligraphy to this day. Many characters not only bear meanings and carry 6.__________ (culture) connotations (内涵) but also indicate their pronunciation. As 7.________ whole, characters are a symbol of Chinese civilization, bridging the past, present and future.
According to the Ministry of Education's Center for Language Education and Cooperation, more than 30 million people around the globe are learning Chinese. The language 8.__________ (teach) in more than 190 countries and regions, among 9.__________ 85 have included Chinese lessons in their national education systems.
As a growing number of 10.__________ (foreign) start to learn Chinese, the genes of Chinese culture are likely to be better and more widely recognized.
答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了汉字的起源、发展及其在全球范围内的学习和传播情况。
1. wrote　考查动词时态。句意：鲁迅(1881－1936)被称为“中国现代文学之父”，他曾写道，汉字之美在于三个方面：意义启迪心灵，声音悦耳动听，外观赏心悦目。空处所在句子陈述过去的事实，使用一般过去时。故填wrote。
2. to　考查介词。句意同上。appeal to为固定搭配，意为“吸引”。故填to。
3. borrowing　考查非谓语动词。句意：汉字起源于3 000多年前的象形文字书写系统，借鉴了太阳、月亮、鸟兽等形状。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Chinese characters和borrow为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填borrowing。
4. To improve　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了提高美观性和使用效率，随着时间的推移，逐渐发展出了篆书、隶书、草书和楷书等多种书写风格。此处作目的状语，需用动词不定式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To improve。
5. extremely　考查副词。句意：直到今天，这些书写风格的美丽在书法中仍然非常明显。空处修饰形容词visible，需用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。
6. cultural　考查形容词。句意：许多汉字不仅承载意义和文化内涵，而且还标示其发音。空处修饰名词connotations，需用形容词cultural作定语。故填cultural。
7. a　考查冠词。句意：总的来说，汉字是中华文明的象征，连接着过去、现在和未来。as a whole为固定搭配，意为“总的来说”。故填a。
8. is taught　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该语言在190多个国家和地区进行教授，其中85个国家和地区已将中文课程纳入其国民教育体系中。空处所在句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，The language和teach为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is taught。
9. which　考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词more than 190 countries and regions，指物，在定语从句中作among的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
10. foreigners　考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语，中国文化的基因可能会更好、更广泛地得到认可。空处需填名词作主语，a growing number of后面接可数名词复数形式。故填foreigners。
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