2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——情态动词（一）（含答案）

中考英语专题复习讲义——情态动词（一）
第1组：can/could
● 用法精讲
can：表能力（现在）、许可（口语）
could：表能力（过去）、委婉请求
速记口诀：can现能力，could过能或委婉
● 典型例题
She ___ swim when she was five.
A. can B. could C. may D. might
答案：B（过去能力）
● 举一反三
___ you pass me the salt (Could)
Birds ___ fly. (can)
He ___ solve the problem yesterday. (could)
第2组：may/might
● 用法精讲
may：表许可（正式）、可能性（较大）
might：表可能性（较小）、委婉推测
速记口诀：may正式许可，might可能小
● 典型例题
It ___ rain later, take an umbrella.
A. may B. might C. can D. must
答案：A（可能性较大）
● 举一反三
___ I leave early today (May)
The keys ___ be in the drawer. (might)
第3组：must/have to
● 用法精讲
must：主观义务（必须）、肯定推测
have to：客观要求（不得不）
速记口诀：must主义务，haveto客观需
● 典型例题
You ___ finish homework by tomorrow.
A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to
答案：A（主观要求）
● 举一反三
She ___ wear glasses for reading. (has to)
The light is on, he ___ be home. (must)
第4组：should/ought to
● 用法精讲
should：表建议、责任（常用）
ought to：表责任（正式，强调道德）
速记口诀：should建议责，oughtto道德义
● 典型例题
You ___ apologize for your mistake.
A. should B. ought to C. must D. have to
答案：B（道德义务）
● 举一反三
We ___ recycle to protect Earth. (should)
You ___ visit your grandparents. (ought to)
第5组：will/would
● 用法精讲
will：表将来、意愿
would：表过去习惯、委婉请求
速记口诀：will将来愿，would过习或委婉
● 典型例题
When I was young, I ___ climb trees.
A. will B. would C. could D. might
答案：B（过去习惯）
● 举一反三
___ you help me with this box (Would)
I ___ call you tomorrow. (will)
第6组：shall/should
● 用法精讲
shall：表提议（一三人称）、未来（正式）
should：见第4组
速记口诀：shall提议或未来，should建议责
● 典型例题
___ we go for a walk
A. Shall B. Should C. Will D. Could
答案：A（提议）
● 举一反三
I ___ be 18 next month. (shall)
You ___ see a doctor. (should)
第7组：need/dare
● 用法精讲
need：表需要（情态动词仅用于否定/疑问）
dare：表敢（情态动词少用，多作实义动词）
速记口诀：need需否疑，dare敢少用
● 典型例题
___ I bring my ID card
A. Need B. Dare C. Must D. Should
答案：A（疑问句表需要）
● 举一反三
You ___ not worry. (need)
He ___ not jump from the cliff. (dared)
第8组：情态动词+have done
● 用法精讲
must have done：肯定已发生
should have done：该做但未做
can’t have done：不可能已发生
速记口诀：musthave推肯定，shouldhave该未做
● 典型例题
The ground is dry, it ___ rained last night.
A. must have B. should have C. can’t have D. may have
答案：C（不可能发生）
● 举一反三
She ___ missed the bus. (must have)
You ___ finished earlier. (should have)
第9组：否定形式辨析
● 用法精讲
mustn’t：禁止
don’t have to：不必
can’t：不能/不可能
速记口诀：mustn’t表禁止，don’thaveto不必
● 典型例题
You ___ smoke here.
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. shouldn’t
答案：A（禁止）
● 举一反三
You ___ attend if busy. (don’t have to)
He ___ be in Paris, I saw him. (can’t)
第10组：情态动词表推测
● 用法精讲
must：肯定推测（现在）
might：可能推测（现在）
could：可能推测（过去）
速记口诀：must肯定推，might可能推
● 典型例题
She ___ be sleeping, her light is off.
A. must B. might C. could D. should
答案：A（肯定推测）
● 举一反三
It ___ be a cat. (might)
He ___ have forgotten. (could)
第11组：can/be able to
● 用法精讲
can：表能力（通用）
be able to：表具体成功做到（有时态变化）
速记口诀：can能力泛，able to具体成
● 典型例题
After practice, he ___ swim 500 meters.
A. can B. is able to C. could D. will
答案：B（具体能力实现）
● 举一反三
She ___ speak three languages. (can)
They ___ escape from the fire. (were able to)
第12组：may/can（许可）
● 用法精讲
may：正式许可
can：口语化许可
速记口诀：may正式准，can口语允
● 典型例题
___ I use the restroom, sir
A. May B. Can C. Could D. Might
答案：A（正式场合）
● 举一反三
You ___ borrow my pen. (can)
___ I ask a question (May)
第13组：will/shall（提议）
● 用法精讲
shall：第一人称提议
will：第二人称邀请
速记口诀：shall我提议，will你愿意
● 典型例题
___ I help you with the luggage
A. Shall B. Will C. Can D. Would
答案：A（主动提议）
● 举一反三
___ you join us for dinner (Will)
___ we start the meeting (Shall)
第14组：would/used to
● 用法精讲
would：过去习惯（动作）
used to：过去状态或习惯（已改变）
速记口诀：would过去惯，used to状态变
● 典型例题
He ___ play football every weekend.
A. would B. used to C. will D. might
答案：A（动作习惯）
● 举一反三
There ___ be a park here. (used to)
She ___ read novels before bed. (would)
第15组：must/should（义务）
● 用法精讲
must：强制义务
should：建议性义务
速记口诀：must必须做，should应该为
● 典型例题
You ___ wear a seatbelt.
A. must B. should C. ought to D. have to
答案：A（法律规定）
● 举一反三
You ___ drink more water. (should)
Visitors ___ sign in. (must)
情态动词闯关训练
说明：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1.You ___ not enter without permission.
A. can B. must C. may D. will
2.___ I borrow your dictionary
A. May B. Might C. Could D. Would
3.He ___ run fast when he was young.
A. can B. could C. may D. might
4.They ___ finish the report by Friday.
A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to
5.You ___ try this new restaurant.
A. should B. ought to C. must D. have to
6.___ you like some tea
A. Will B. Would C. Could D. Might
7.___ we meet at 3 PM
A. Shall B. Should C. Will D. Would
8.___ I return the book today
A. Need B. Dare C. Must D. Should
9.She ___ have taken the wrong bus.
A. must B. should C. can’t D. need
10.You ___ drive after drinking.
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. shouldn’t
11.The phone is ringing, it ___ be John.
A. must B. might C. could D. should
12.I ___ not believe my eyes!
A. can B. must C. may D. need
13.___ you pass me the menu
A. Can B. May C. Might D. Could
14.You ___ wash these apples before eating.
A. ought to B. should C. must D. have to
15.He ___ not climb the mountain alone.
A. dared B. need C. must D. should
【答案】
1.B(must) → 表禁止（must not=不准）
2.C(Could) → 委婉请求（比can更礼貌）
3.B(could) → 过去能力
4.A(must) → 主观义务
5.A(should) → 建议
6.B(Would) → 委婉邀请
7.A(Shall) → 提议（第一人称）
8.A(Need) → 疑问句表需要
9.A(must) → 肯定推测（must have done）
10.A(mustn’t) → 禁止
11.A(must) → 肯定推测（高可能性）
12.A(can) → 表惊讶（can’t believe）
13.D(Could) → 委婉请求
14.B(should) → 建议
15.A(dared) → 过去时态表敢（dare过去式）