英语 选择性必修 第三册 WY
Period Ⅲ Developing ideas
A Boy's Best Friend
一个男孩最好的朋友
Mr Anderson said, “Where's Jimmy, dear？”
安德森先生说：“亲爱的，吉米在哪？”
“Out on the crater，” said Mrs Anderson. “Robutt is with him. Did he arrive？”
“在凹坑上，”安德森夫人说，“罗布特和他在一起。它到了吗？”
“Yes. He's at the rocket station, going through the tests.
“是的。它在火箭发射站，正在接受测试。
I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.”
自从15年前离开地球后，我就再也没见过真正的狗了。”
“Jimmy has never seen one，” said Mrs Anderson.
“吉米从来没见过狗，”安德森太太说。
“Because he's Moon－born and can't visit Earth.
“因为他是在月球上出生的，不能去地球。
That's why I'm bringing one here.
所以我要带过来一只。
I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.”
我想这应该是月球上有史以来的第一只狗。”
词句自测 ①crater n. (物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑
Jimmy was out on the crater, as his mother had said.
正如吉米的母亲所说，吉米在凹坑上。
His arms and legs were long and agile.
他的胳膊和腿又长又灵活。
He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on, but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth－born human being could.
穿着太空服的吉米虽然看上去厚重而矮胖，但他能承受月球引力，这是地球上出生的人做不到的。
词句自测 ②agile adj. 敏捷的，灵活的
The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater－slope was brightly lit.
陨石坑的外侧向南倾斜，而低悬在南面天空的地球几乎全部显现出来，所以整个陨石坑斜坡一片明亮。
The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent.
斜坡很平缓，即使是太空服的重量也不能阻止吉米以浮动跳跃的方式向上跑，好像引力不存在一样。
词句自测 ③slope v. 倾斜，成斜坡 ④hop n. 跳跃 ⑤“主句(The outer side ... full)＋结果状语从句(so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit)”。which was low in the southern sky是非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词the__Earth。
“Come on, Robutt，” he shouted.
“快过来，罗布特，”他大喊。
Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded after.
靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel.
吉米虽然是位专家，却(在速度上)超不过罗布特，因为它不需要太空服，而且有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱。
Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around, tripping him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him to show how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.
当罗布特在吉米周围时，吉米不会有事。当他太靠近岩石时，罗布特会扑倒他，或跳起来显示它是多么爱吉米，当吉米躲在一块岩石后时，罗布特会害怕地转圈并且吱吱叫着，不论什么时候，罗布特总是清楚地知道吉米在哪。
词句自测 ⑥squeak v. 发出吱吱声 ⑦tendon n. 腱
He heard his father's voice on his private wavelength.
吉米通过自己的专属波长接到了父亲的声音。
“Jimmy, come back. I have something to tell you.”
“吉米，回来。我有事情和你说。”
Mr Anderson was smiling. “We have something for you, Jimmy.
安德森先生笑着说：“我们有东西要给你，吉米。
It's at the rocket station now, but we'll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.”
它现在在火箭发射站，但是要等明天所有的测试结束后，我们才能拿到它。”
“From Earth, Dad？”
“是从地球来的吗，爸爸？”
“A dog from Earth, son.
“是一只来自地球的狗，儿子。
The first dog on the Moon.
第一只登上月球的狗。
词句自测 ⑧wavelength n. 波长
You won't need Robutt any more.
你将不再需要罗布特了。
We can't keep them both, and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.”
我们不能两个都留着，别的男孩或女孩会收养罗布特。”
He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something, then he said，
他似乎在等吉米说什么，他接着说：
“You know what a dog is, Jimmy.
“吉米，你会知道什么是(真正的)狗。
It's the real thing.
狗是有生命的。
Robutt's only a mechanical imitation, a robot－mutt.
罗布特只是一个机械的仿制品，一个机器狗。
That's how he got his name.”
这也是它名字的由来。”
词句自测 ⑨mechanical adj. 机械的 ⑩imitation n. 仿制品 mutt n. 杂种狗
Jimmy frowned. “Robutt isn't an imitation, Dad.”
吉米皱起了眉头，“爸爸，罗布特不是仿制品。”
“Robutt's just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.”
“罗布特是由钢铁、电线制造的，只有一个简单的正电子大脑。”
“He does everything I want him to do, Dad.
“爸爸，我要它做什么它就做什么。
He understands me.”
它能理解我的意思。”
“No, son. Robutt is just a machine.
“不，儿子。罗布特只是一台机器。
It's just programmed to act the way it does.
它的反应只不过是按照编好的程序去做而已。
A dog is alive.
狗是有生命力的。
You'll see the difference once he gets here.”
等小狗来了，你就会明白二者的不同。”
Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak that seemed frightened.
吉米看着罗布特，它又在吱吱叫了，那是一种很低很慢的吱吱声，似乎受到了惊吓。
Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.
吉米伸出双臂，罗布特就跳了进去。
词句自测 frown v. 皱眉 positronic adj. 正电子的
Jimmy said, “What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog？”
吉米问：“罗布特和真正的狗有什么不同？”
“It's hard to explain，” said Mr Anderson, “but it will be easy to see.
“这很难解释，”安德森说，“但很容易看出来。
The dog will really love you.
小狗会真的爱你。
Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.”
罗布特只是被设置成这个样子，所以才表现得好像它爱你一样。”
“But, Dad, we don't know what's inside the dog, or what his feelings are.
“但是，爸爸，我们不知道狗的内心是什么，也不知道它的感受是什么。
Maybe it's just acting, too.”
也许它也只是表演。”
Mr Anderson frowned.
安德森先生皱起了眉头。
“Jimmy, you'll know the difference when you experience the love of a living thing.”
“吉米，当你体验到一个生命体对你的爱时，你就会知道其中的不同了。”
词句自测 “主句(Robutt is just adjusted to act)＋状语从句(as though it loves you)”。as though引导方式状语从句，意为“似乎，好像”。
Jimmy held Robutt tightly.
吉米紧紧地抱着罗布特。
He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.
他也皱着眉头，脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。
He said, “But what's the difference how they act
他说，“但是它们在行为上有什么不同呢？
How about how I feel
那我的感受呢？
I love Robutt and that's what counts.”
我爱罗布特，这才是最重要的。”
And the little robot－mutt, which had never been held so tightly in all its existence, squeaked high and rapid squeaks—happy squeaks.
还有那个小机器狗，自出现以来从来没有被这么紧紧地抱过，吱吱叫得声音又高又快——那是欢快的吱吱声。
(Adaptation of excerpts from “A Boy's Best Friend” by Isaac Asimov)
(节选自艾萨克·阿西莫夫的《孩子最好的朋友》)
词句自测 tightly adv. 紧紧地 desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的
1 desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的(教材P60)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①He's desperate for success.
他极度渴望成功。
②We're all pulling for each other because we're desperate to win the Cup back.
因为我们非常想夺回奖杯，所以一直在互相鼓励。
③Troops are needed to help get food into the quake hit area where people are in desperate need.
需要军队的帮助来将地震灾区人民急需的食物送抵那里。
④He was in desperation when he found all his belongings lost.
当发现所有财产丢失时，他陷入了绝望中。
⑤He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.
他深深地吸了口气，竭尽全力保持镇定。
(1)单句语法填空
①Those prisoners are desperate ________ (get) freedom.
②The survivors in the earthquake ________ (desperate) needed medical help, food and water.
答案：①to get ②desperately
(2)单句表达
①他现在急于找到一份工作。
He ________________________ now.
②在沙漠中迷路的人极度渴望水。
The man lost in the desert ________________________．
③他们不顾一切地争取自由。
They fought ____________ to get free.
答案：①is desperate to get a job ②is desperate for water ③in desperation
2 faulty adj. 有故障的，有缺陷的(教材P62)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①The new law of consumer rights also clarifies rules about returning faulty goods and sets out protections for those who receive poor services.
新的消费者权益保护法也对问题商品退换作了说明，并阐明了对受到劣质服务的消费者进行保护。
②He lost his job, but it was his own fault for telling lies.
他丢了工作，但说谎是他自己的错。
单句表达
①我们很少由于货物有瑕疵而被退货。
We seldom have goods returned to us because ________________．
②他总能挑出毛病来，不是我的文章就是我的性格。
He could always ________________ something, either in my writing or in my personality.
③那个闯红灯的司机应对这起车祸负责。
The driver who didn't stop at the red light ________________ in the accident.
答案：①they are faulty ②find fault with ③was at fault
3 consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的(教材P63)
归纳拓展
①These results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.
这些结果与我们早期的研究完全一致。
②As is known to all, he is consistent in his arguments.
众所周知，他的论点始终如一。
③He is a performer who consistently pushes the envelope of TV comedy.
他是一个在电视喜剧表演中不断寻求突破的演员。
④We need to ensure the consistency of service to our customers.
我们对客户要确保服务的连贯性。
单句语法填空
①He has ________ (consistent) given guidance and help to young people.
②She is consistant ________ her support for environmental protection.
③Some stars' fame is not consistent ________ their behavior, which often lets the fans down.
④________ (consistent) is an important aspect to working from home.
答案：①consistently ②in ③with ④Consistency
1 The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit.(教材P58) 环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
剖析 so that为从属连词，引导结果状语从句，表示“因此；所以”，主从句常用逗号隔开。
归纳拓展
①I got up early this morning, so that I caught the early bus.
今天早上我起得很早，所以赶上了早班车。
②The song sounds so sweet that I want to listen to it again and again.
这首歌如此优美，以至于我百听不厌。
③He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.
他太小了，不能上学。
④They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是好学生，老师很喜欢他们。
⑤It was such bad weather that we had to stay at home all the day.
天气如此差以至于我们不得不一整天都待在家里。
(1)选词填空(so/such)
①He had ________ many friends that he never felt lonely.
②He has made ________ great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
③She worked hard, ________ that she got promoted soon.
答案：①so ②such ③so
(2)单句表达
我精通意大利语，所以能读但丁的原著。
I have a good command of Italian, ____________ I am able to read Dante in the original.
答案：so that
2 Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel.(教材P59) 论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
剖析 expert though he was中though引导让步状语从句，将表语提前构成部分倒装。
归纳拓展
①Hard as/though he studies, he makes little progress.
尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。
②Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管经常锻炼非常重要，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
③He is so busy and he cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.
他太忙了，尽管他想陪儿子，但就是抽不出足够的时间。
④While these icons have different shapes, they are of similar size and color.
虽然这些图标的形状不同，但是它们的大小和颜色很相似。
(1)单句语法填空
①Heavily ________ it was raining outside, they started out very early.
②We have decided to visit the museum even ________ it rains tomorrow.
答案：①as/though ②if/though
(2)单句表达
①尽管他是个聪明的孩子，但无法解决这样一个难题。(as/though)
________________________， he can't solve such a difficult problem.
②一个人总是能够设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的时间安排得有多满。
One can always manage to do more things, ____________________ one's schedule is in life.
答案：①Clever boy as/though he is ②no matter how/however full
3 He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something ... (教材P59) 他好像在等吉米说点什么……
剖析 sb/sth seems/seemed to be doing sth “某人/某物看起来正在做某事”。
归纳拓展
①According to the publisher, readers do seem to be interested in this new novel.
根据出版商的说法，读者的确好像是对这本新小说感兴趣。
②However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.
然而，似乎拜伦的确设法愉快地度过了那段时光。
③There seems to be a lot of support in Congress for this move.
国会里好像有很多人支持这一举措。
名师点津 seem后可跟不定式的各种时态，与其用法类似的动词还有：happen, appear, pretend等。
(1)单句语法填空
①In modern society, money seems ________ (have) connection with people's lives in every aspect.
②It seemed as if everyone but me ________ (make) friends and was having fun.
答案：①to have ②had made
(2)句型转换
The parents seem to have known the result of the College Entrance Exams.
→It seems that ________________________ the result of the College Entrance Exams.
答案：the parents have known
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people ________ (敏捷的) as they grew older.
答案：agile
2．At first sight, the bag seems made of real leather, but actually it is just an ________ (仿制品)．
答案：imitation
3．His horse was feeling frisky, and he had to hold the reins ________ (紧紧地)．
答案：tightly
4．Not only the driver but also the passers－by were exposed to danger because of the ________ (机械的) failure.
答案：mechanical
5．The scientists were trying to look for all possible ________ (线索) as to where this species came from.
答案：clues
6．I have decided that the course of conduct I am following is c________ with my sense of responsibility as president in time of war.
答案：consistent
7．Recent studies found f________ facts about all sorts of other disorders.
答案：faulty
8．In the eyes of a policeman, it's usually dangerous to get close to the d________ criminal.
答案：desperate
9．The basic principle behind the game is to keep balance while sliding down the s________．
答案：slope
10．The teacher f________ with annoyance when a student fell asleep during his lesson.
答案：frowned
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Good teachers are consistent ________ the way they discipline pupils.
答案：in
2．I'm never going to guess the answer if you don't give me ________ clue.
答案：a
3．The money will be used to repair ________ (fault) equipment.
答案：faulty
4．Giving a helping hand to those who are desperate ________ help can make our society more harmonious.
答案：for
5．That's ________ you often remember a title of a song after many hours from your first attempt.
答案：why
6．I could do a pretty good ________ (imitate) of him.
答案：imitation
7．It is ________ an interesting story that I want to read it again.
答案：such
8．________ at times learning to play the piano was tiring for me, it was well worth the effort.
答案：Although/Though/While
9．Since the late 1980s, nothing ________ (make) Peccioli residents happier than collecting garbage.
答案：has made
10．We seem ________ (do) more and more to disconnect our relationship, rather than connect our relationship.
答案：to be doing
Ⅲ.选词填空
as though, go through, hold out, be consistent with, be desperate for
1．It looks ____________ you are ill; you should go to see the doctor.
答案：as though
2．They all ____________ their hands to welcome me when I entered the room.
答案：held out
3．These actions ____________ his principles.
答案：are consistent with
4．The country ____________ too many wars since then.
答案：has gone through
5．Kate was in a hurry to grow up and she ____________ knowledge and experience.
答案：was desperate for
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．远处的人影好像越来越近。
The figures in the distance seemed____________________________．
答案：to be drawing closer
2．今天下午我不能出去了，因为有这些衣服要洗。
This afternoon I can't go out____________________________．
答案：with all these clothes to wash
3．什么也不能让我改变主意。
Nothing will make me ________________________．
答案：change my mind
4．这部小说很有趣，因此我非常喜欢。(so that引导结果状语从句)
The story is very interesting, ____________________________．
答案：so that I like it very much
5．尽管可能看起来很奇怪，但这次事故中没人受伤。(as引导让步状语从句)
____________________， nobody was injured in the accident.
答案：Strange as it may seem
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 阅读
What will man be like in the future—in 5，000 or even 50，000 years from now We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time.
Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brain's capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.
Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man's eyes will grow stronger.
On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.
But what about hair This will probably disappear from the body altogether in the course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald.
Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对未来的人类状态进行了设想。在作者看来，尽管未来的人会发生很多变化，但仍然和现在的我们一样有思想和情感。
1．The change in man's size of forehead will probably be because________．
A．he makes use only 20% of the brain's capacity
B．his brain has grown larger over the past centuries
C．the other 80% of his brain will grow in due time
D．he will use his brain more and more as time goes on
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As time goes on ... the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.(然而，随着时间的推移，我们将不得不越来越多地使用我们的大脑，最终我们将需要更大的大脑！这也可能会带来身体上的变化：头部，尤其是前额，将会变大。)”可知，人类前额发生变化可能是因为随着时间的推移，人们会越来越多地使用大脑。故选D。
2．What will be known about a human being in the future
A．He will be hairless because hair is no longer useful.
B．He will have smaller eyes and will wear better glasses.
C．His fingers will grow weaker because he won't have to make use of them.
D．He will think and feel in a different way.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But what about ... both sexes are likely to be bald.(但是头发会怎样呢？随着时间的推移，它可能会完全从身体上消失，因为它不再有什么实际用途了。那么在未来，男女都有可能变成秃头。)”可知，未来的人类将没有头发，因为头发不再有用了。故选A。
3．It is implied that________．
A．human beings will become less attractive in the future
B．less use of a bodily organ may lead to its degeneration
C．human beings hope for a change in the future life
D．future life is always predictable
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the other hand ... are likely to grow weaker.(另一方面，我们的胳膊和腿用得往往越来越少。其结果是，它们可能会变得更弱。)”可推知，文章暗示了如果较少使用某一身体器官可能导致其退化。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
How AI Protects Us
We should consider AI not as something competing with us, but as something that can strengthen our abilities. __1__. And it might help keep us safe in the 21st century.
Predict infectious (传染性的) diseases
The AI in medicine is a system that combines the time and location of each new infectious disease. “These are all factors that determine how the disease will spread，” explains a researcher. __2__. It will allow public health officials to take action early for locals.
Keep hunger from the door
Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops. The Mcrops project allows local farmers to take pictures of their plants and use computers that have been trained to spot the signs of the four main diseases that are responsible for damaging crops. __3__．
Fight cancer
Cancer causes more than 8.8 million deaths worldwide and 14 million people are diagnosed with some form of cancer every year. __4__. Now Google and IBM have been applying their AI technology to this problem.
__5__
The task of balancing power supplies is getting harder. The spread of smart meters—digital energy monitors that automatically record usage—is also providing more data than ever about how and when consumers use energy.
A．Record the locations smartly
B．Keep the balance of power supplies
C．Thus, the farmers can have a good harvest
D．The system can also help to predict the disease
E．This is because AI has an ability that's far beyond humans
F．But now people have no ideas how to deal with the terrible problem
G．Yet catching cancers as early as possible can greatly improve a patient's chances of survival
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分别从四个方面介绍了人工智能是如何保护我们的。
1．答案：E
解析：设空处上文“but as something that can strengthen our abilities”提到我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。E项(这是因为人工智能的能力远远超过人类)承接上文，解释为什么我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。故选E。
2．答案：D
解析：本段小标题“Predict infectious (传染性的) diseases”意为“预测传染性疾病”，D项(这个系统还能够帮助预测疾病)与段落主旨相呼应。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：根据本段主题句“Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops.”可知，研究人员开发了一个自动化系统，旨在对抗农作物疾病。C项(这样，农民就会有一个好收成)承接上文。故选C。
4．答案：G
解析：本段小标题意为“抗癌”，上文提到每年癌症导致全球超过880万人死亡，1，400万人被诊断出患有某种癌症。G项(但尽早发现癌症可以大大提高患者的生存率)与上文形成转折关系，且与小标题中的cancer相呼应。故选G。
5．答案：B
解析：设空处为本段小标题。本段主要介绍了智能电表能够提供更多消费者如何和何时使用能源的数据，即人工智能通过智能电表的形式帮助人们保持电源供应平衡。B项(保持电力供应平衡)概括段落大意。故选B。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你是校英文世界报编辑李华，你报正开展以“Technology Betters Future”为主题的短篇科幻小说征文活动。请你写一则英文征稿启事，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．征文要求；
3．投稿方式。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
[精彩范文]
Contributions Wanted
To inspire your imagination about future life and fuel your enthusiasm for English writing, we are calling for contributions with the theme of “Technology Betters Future”.
All contributions are expected to center on the positive differences technology makes to future life in the form of sci fi short stories. Your wild imagination and vivid language would be the highlights. It is required that the entries should be original and creative and within 500 words. Please submit your work to englishworld@ before May 22.
Your active involvement is highly appreciated.
Editorial Department of English World
10(共80张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前预习自检
重点合作探究
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
课堂效果检测
3
课后课时作业
４
课前预习自检
A Boy's Best Friend
一个男孩最好的朋友
Mr Anderson said, “Where's Jimmy, dear？”
安德森先生说：“亲爱的，吉米在哪？”
“ Out on the crater，” said Mrs Anderson. “ Robutt is with him. Did he arrive？”
“在凹坑上，”安德森夫人说， “罗布特和他在一起。它到了吗？”
“ Yes. He's at the rocket station, going through the tests.
“是的。它在火箭发射站，正在接受测试。
I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago. ”
自从15年前离开地球后，我就再也没见过真正的狗了。”
“Jimmy has never seen one，” said Mrs Anderson.
“吉米从来没见过狗，”安德森太太说。
“Because he's Moon－born and can't visit Earth.
“因为他是在月球上出生的，不能去地球。
That's why I'm bringing one here.
所以我要带过来一只。
I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.”
我想这应该是月球上有史以来的第一只狗。”
词句自测
①______ n. (物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑
crater
Jimmy was out on the crater, as his mother had said.
正如吉米的母亲所说，吉米在凹坑上。
His arms and legs were long and agile.
他的胳膊和腿又长又灵活。
He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on, but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth－born human being could.
穿着太空服的吉米虽然看上去厚重而矮胖，但他能承受月球引力，这是地球上出生的人做不到的。
词句自测
②______ adj. 敏捷的，灵活的
agile
The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater－slope was brightly lit.
陨石坑的外侧向南倾斜，而低悬在南面天空的地球几乎全部显现出来，所以整个陨石坑斜坡一片明亮。
The slope was a gentle one and even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent.
斜坡很平缓，即使是太空服的重量也不能阻止吉米以浮动跳跃的方式向上跑，好像引力不存在一样。
词句自测
③______ v. 倾斜，成斜坡
④_____ n. 跳跃
⑤“主句(The outer side ... full)＋结果状语从句(so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit)”。which was low in the southern sky是______________从句，解释说明先行词__________。
slope
hop
非限制性定语
the Earth
“Come on, Robutt，” he shouted.
“快过来，罗布特，”他大喊。
Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded after.
靠电波辨认声音的罗布特发出叫声，跳着跑向吉米。
Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel.
吉米虽然是位专家，却(在速度上)超不过罗布特，因为它不需要太空服，而且有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱。
Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around, tripping him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him to show how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was.
当罗布特在吉米周围时，吉米不会有事。当他太靠近岩石时，罗布特会扑倒他，或跳起来显示它是多么爱吉米，当吉米躲在一块岩石后时，罗布特会害怕地转圈并且吱吱叫着，不论什么时候，罗布特总是清楚地知道吉米在哪。
词句自测
⑥_______ v. 发出吱吱声
⑦_______ n. 腱
squeak
tendon
He heard his father's voice on his private wavelength.
吉米通过自己的专属波长接到了父亲的声音。
“Jimmy, come back. I have something to tell you.”
“吉米，回来。我有事情和你说。”
Mr Anderson was smiling. “ We have something for you, Jimmy.
安德森先生笑着说：“我们有东西要给你，吉米。
It's at the rocket station now, but we'll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.”
它现在在火箭发射站，但是要等明天所有的测试结束后，我们才能拿到它。”
“From Earth, Dad？”
“是从地球来的吗，爸爸？”
“A dog from Earth, son.
“是一只来自地球的狗，儿子。
The first dog on the Moon.
第一只登上月球的狗。
词句自测
⑧___________ n. 波长
wavelength
You won't need Robutt any more.
你将不再需要罗布特了。
We can't keep them both, and some other boy or girl will have Robutt.”
我们不能两个都留着，别的男孩或女孩会收养罗布特。”
He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something, then he said，
他似乎在等吉米说什么，他接着说：
“You know what a dog is, Jimmy.
“吉米，你会知道什么是(真正的)狗。
It's the real thing.
狗是有生命的。
Robutt's only a mechanical imitation, a robot－mutt.
罗布特只是一个机械的仿制品，一个机器狗。
That's how he got his name.”
这也是它名字的由来。”
词句自测
⑨___________ adj. 机械的
⑩_________ n. 仿制品
______ n. 杂种狗
mechanical
imitation
mutt
Jimmy frowned. “Robutt isn't an imitation, Dad.”
吉米皱起了眉头，“爸爸，罗布特不是仿制品。”
“ Robutt's just steel and wiring and a simple positronic brain.”
“罗布特是由钢铁、电线制造的，只有一个简单的正电子大脑。”
“ He does everything I want him to do, Dad.
“爸爸，我要它做什么它就做什么。
He understands me.”
它能理解我的意思。”
“No, son. Robutt is just a machine.
“不，儿子。罗布特只是一台机器。
It's just programmed to act the way it does.
它的反应只不过是按照编好的程序去做而已。
A dog is alive.
狗是有生命力的。
You'll see the difference once he gets here.”
等小狗来了，你就会明白二者的不同。”
Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak that seemed frightened.
吉米看着罗布特，它又在吱吱叫了，那是一种很低很慢的吱吱声，似乎受到了惊吓。
Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.
吉米伸出双臂，罗布特就跳了进去。
词句自测
_______ v. 皱眉
___________ adj. 正电子的
frown
positronic
Jimmy said, “What will the difference be between Robutt and the dog？”
吉米问：“罗布特和真正的狗有什么不同？”
“ It's hard to explain，” said Mr Anderson, “ but it will be easy to see.
“这很难解释，”安德森说，“但很容易看出来。
The dog will really love you.
小狗会真的爱你。
Robutt is just adjusted to act as though it loves you.”
罗布特只是被设置成这个样子，所以才表现得好像它爱你一样。”
“But, Dad, we don't know what's inside the dog, or what his feelings are.
“但是，爸爸，我们不知道狗的内心是什么，也不知道它的感受是什么。
Maybe it's just acting, too.”
也许它也只是表演。”
Mr Anderson frowned.
安德森先生皱起了眉头。
“Jimmy, you'll know the difference when you experience the love of a living thing.”
“吉米，当你体验到一个生命体对你的爱时，你就会知道其中的不同了。”
词句自测
“主句(Robutt is just adjusted to act)＋状语从句(as though it loves you)”。as though引导__________从句，意为“似乎，好像”。
方式状语
Jimmy held Robutt tightly.
吉米紧紧地抱着罗布特。
He was frowning, too, and the desperate look on his face meant that he wouldn't change his mind.
他也皱着眉头，脸上绝望的表情意味着他不会改变主意。
He said, “But what's the difference how they act
他说， “但是它们在行为上有什么不同呢？
How about how I feel
那我的感受呢？
I love Robutt and that's what counts.”
我爱罗布特，这才是最重要的。”
And the little robot－mutt, which had never been held so tightly in all its existence, squeaked high and rapid squeaks—happy squeaks.
还有那个小机器狗，自出现以来从来没有被这么紧紧地抱过，吱吱叫得声音又高又快——那是欢快的吱吱声。
(Adaptation of excerpts from “A Boy's Best Friend” by Isaac Asimov)
(节选自艾萨克·阿西莫夫的《孩子最好的朋友》)
词句自测
_______ adv. 紧紧地
__________ adj. 拼命的，绝望的
tightly
desperate
重点合作探究
1 desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的(教材P60)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①He's desperate for success.
他极度渴望成功。
②We're all pulling for each other because we're desperate to win the Cup back.
因为我们非常想夺回奖杯，所以一直在互相鼓励。
③Troops are needed to help get food into the quake hit area where people are in desperate need.
需要军队的帮助来将地震灾区人民急需的食物送抵那里。
④He was in desperation when he found all his belongings lost.
当发现所有财产丢失时，他陷入了绝望中。
⑤He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.
他深深地吸了口气，竭尽全力保持镇定。
(1)单句语法填空
①Those prisoners are desperate ______ (get) freedom.
②The survivors in the earthquake ____________ (desperate) needed medical help, food and water.
to get
desperately
(2)单句表达
①他现在急于找到一份工作。
He _____________________ now.
②在沙漠中迷路的人极度渴望水。
The man lost in the desert ____________________．
③他们不顾一切地争取自由。
They fought ____________ to get free.
is desperate to get a job
is desperate for water
in desperation
2 faulty adj. 有故障的，有缺陷的(教材P62)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①The new law of consumer rights also clarifies rules about returning faulty goods and sets out protections for those who receive poor services.
新的消费者权益保护法也对问题商品退换作了说明，并阐明了对受到劣质服务的消费者进行保护。
②He lost his job, but it was his own fault for telling lies.
他丢了工作，但说谎是他自己的错。
单句表达
①我们很少由于货物有瑕疵而被退货。
We seldom have goods returned to us because ______________．
②他总能挑出毛病来，不是我的文章就是我的性格。
He could always ____________ something, either in my writing or in my personality.
③那个闯红灯的司机应对这起车祸负责。
The driver who didn't stop at the red light ____________ in the accident.
they are faulty
find fault with
was at fault
3 consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的(教材P63)
归纳拓展
①These results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.
这些结果与我们早期的研究完全一致。
②As is known to all, he is consistent in his arguments.
众所周知，他的论点始终如一。
③He is a performer who consistently pushes the envelope of TV comedy.
他是一个在电视喜剧表演中不断寻求突破的演员。
④We need to ensure the consistency of service to our customers.
我们对客户要确保服务的连贯性。
单句语法填空
①He has ___________ (consistent) given guidance and help to young people.
②She is consistant ___ her support for environmental protection.
③Some stars' fame is not consistent _____ their behavior, which often lets the fans down.
④___________ (consistent) is an important aspect to working from home.
consistently
in
with
Consistency
1 The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater slope was brightly lit.(教材P58)
环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球全部显现出来，因此整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。
剖析 so that为从属连词，引导结果状语从句，表示“因此；所以”，主从句常用逗号隔开。
归纳拓展
①I got up early this morning, so that I caught the early bus.
今天早上我起得很早，所以赶上了早班车。
②The song sounds so sweet that I want to listen to it again and again.
这首歌如此优美，以至于我百听不厌。
③He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.
他太小了，不能上学。
④They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是好学生，老师很喜欢他们。
⑤It was such bad weather that we had to stay at home all the day.
天气如此差以至于我们不得不一整天都待在家里。
(1)选词填空(so/such)
①He had ____ many friends that he never felt lonely.
②He has made ______ great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
③She worked hard, ____ that she got promoted soon.
(2)单句表达
我精通意大利语，所以能读但丁的原著。
I have a good command of Italian, _______ I am able to read Dante in the original.
so
such
so
so that
2 Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel.(教材P59)
论速度，吉米虽然是个能手，但他比不过罗布特，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。
剖析 expert though he was中though引导让步状语从句，将表语提前构成部分倒装。
归纳拓展
①Hard as/though he studies, he makes little progress.
尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。
②Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管经常锻炼非常重要，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
③He is so busy and he cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.
他太忙了，尽管他想陪儿子，但就是抽不出足够的时间。
④While these icons have different shapes, they are of similar size and color.
虽然这些图标的形状不同，但是它们的大小和颜色很相似。
(1)单句语法填空
①Heavily __________ it was raining outside, they started out very early.
②We have decided to visit the museum even __________ it rains tomorrow.
as/though
if/though
(2)单句表达
①尽管他是个聪明的孩子，但无法解决这样一个难题。(as/though)
________________________， he can't solve such a difficult problem.
②一个人总是能够设法做更多的事情，无论他生活中的时间安排得有多满。
One can always manage to do more things, _________________________ one's schedule is in life.
Clever boy as/though he is
no matter how/however full
3 He seemed to be waiting for Jimmy to say something ... (教材P59)
他好像在等吉米说点什么……
剖析 sb/sth seems/seemed to be doing sth “某人/某物看起来正在做某事”。
归纳拓展
①According to the publisher, readers do seem to be interested in this new novel.
根据出版商的说法，读者的确好像是对这本新小说感兴趣。
②However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.
然而，似乎拜伦的确设法愉快地度过了那段时光。
③There seems to be a lot of support in Congress for this move.
国会里好像有很多人支持这一举措。
名师点睛
seem后可跟不定式的各种时态，与其用法类似的动词还有：happen, appear, pretend等。
(1)单句语法填空
①In modern society, money seems ________ (have) connection with people's lives in every aspect.
②It seemed as if everyone but me _________ (make) friends and was having fun.
(2)句型转换
The parents seem to have known the result of the College Entrance Exams.
→It seems that ____________________ the result of the College Entrance Exams.
to have
had made
the parents have known
课堂效果检测
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people ______ (敏捷的) as they grew older.
2．At first sight, the bag seems made of real leather, but actually it is just an __________ (仿制品)．
3．His horse was feeling frisky, and he had to hold the reins ________ (紧紧地)．
4．Not only the driver but also the passers－by were exposed to danger because of the ___________ (机械的) failure.
agile
imitation
tightly
mechanical
5．The scientists were trying to look for all possible ______ (线索) as to where this species came from.
6．I have decided that the course of conduct I am following is c________ with my sense of responsibility as president in time of war.
7．Recent studies found f______ facts about all sorts of other disorders.
8．In the eyes of a policeman, it's usually dangerous to get close to the d________ criminal.
clues
onsistent
aulty
esperate
9．The basic principle behind the game is to keep balance while sliding down the s_____．
10．The teacher f________ with annoyance when a student fell asleep during his lesson.
lope
rowned
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Good teachers are consistent ___ the way they discipline pupils.
2．I'm never going to guess the answer if you don't give me ___ clue.
3．The money will be used to repair _______ (fault) equipment.
4．Giving a helping hand to those who are desperate ____ help can make our society more harmonious.
5．That's ______ you often remember a title of a song after many hours from your first attempt.
in
a
faulty
for
why
6．I could do a pretty good _________ (imitate) of him.
7．It is ______ an interesting story that I want to read it again.
8．______________________ at times learning to play the piano was tiring for me, it was well worth the effort.
9．Since the late 1980s, nothing __________ (make) Peccioli residents happier than collecting garbage.
10．We seem ___________ (do) more and more to disconnect our relationship, rather than connect our relationship.
imitation
such
Although/Though/While
has made
to be doing
as though, go through, hold out, be consistent with, be desperate for
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．It looks __________ you are ill; you should go to see the doctor.
2．They all __________ their hands to welcome me when I entered the room.
3．These actions ________________ his principles.
4．The country ________________ too many wars since then.
5．Kate was in a hurry to grow up and she _________________ knowledge and experience.
as though
held out
are consistent with
has gone through
was desperate for
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．远处的人影好像越来越近。
The figures in the distance seemed___________________．
2．今天下午我不能出去了，因为有这些衣服要洗。
This afternoon I can’t go out__________________________．
3．什么也不能让我改变主意。
Nothing will make me _________________．
to be drawing closer
with all these clothes to wash
change my mind
4．这部小说很有趣，因此我非常喜欢。(so that引导结果状语从句)
The story is very interesting, _______________________．
5．尽管可能看起来很奇怪，但这次事故中没人受伤。(as引导让步状语从句)
_____________________， nobody was injured in the accident.
so that I like it very much
Strange as it may seem
课后课时作业
Ⅰ 阅读
What will man be like in the future—in 5，000 or even 50，000 years from now We can only make guesses, of course, but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time.
Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brain's capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.
Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man's eyes will grow stronger.
On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.
But what about hair This will probably disappear from the body altogether in the course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对未来的人类状态进行了设想。在作者看来，尽管未来的人会发生很多变化，但仍然和现在的我们一样有思想和情感。
Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.
1．The change in man's size of forehead will probably be because________．
A．he makes use only 20% of the brain's capacity
B．his brain has grown larger over the past centuries
C．the other 80% of his brain will grow in due time
D．he will use his brain more and more as time goes on
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As time goes on ... the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger.(然而，随着时间的推移，我们将不得不越来越多地使用我们的大脑，最终我们将需要更大的大脑！这也可能会带来身体上的变化：头部，尤其是前额，将会变大。)”可知，人类前额发生变化可能是因为随着时间的推移，人们会越来越多地使用大脑。故选D。
2．What will be known about a human being in the future
A．He will be hairless because hair is no longer useful.
B．He will have smaller eyes and will wear better glasses.
C．His fingers will grow weaker because he won't have to make use of them.
D．He will think and feel in a different way.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But what about ... both sexes are likely to be bald.(但是头发会怎样呢？随着时间的推移，它可能会完全从身体上消失，因为它不再有什么实际用途了。那么在未来，男女都有可能变成秃头。)”可知，未来的人类将没有头发，因为头发不再有用了。故选A。
3．It is implied that________．
A．human beings will become less attractive in the future
B．less use of a bodily organ may lead to its degeneration
C．human beings hope for a change in the future life
D．future life is always predictable
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the other hand ... are likely to grow weaker.(另一方面，我们的胳膊和腿用得往往越来越少。其结果是，它们可能会变得更弱。)”可推知，文章暗示了如果较少使用某一身体器官可能导致其退化。故选B。
Ⅱ 七选五
How AI Protects Us
We should consider AI not as something competing with us, but as something that can strengthen our abilities. __1__. And it might help keep us safe in the 21st century.
Predict infectious (传染性的) diseases
The AI in medicine is a system that combines the time and location of each new infectious disease. “These are all factors that determine how the disease will spread，” explains a researcher. __2__. It will allow public health officials to take action early for locals.
Keep hunger from the door
Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops. The Mcrops project allows local farmers to take pictures of their plants and use computers that have been trained to spot the signs of the four main diseases that are responsible for damaging crops. __3__．
Fight cancer
Cancer causes more than 8.8 million deaths worldwide and 14 million people are diagnosed with some form of cancer every year. __4__. Now Google and IBM have been applying their AI technology to this problem.
__5__
The task of balancing power supplies is getting harder. The spread of smart meters—digital energy monitors that automatically record usage—is also providing more data than ever about how and when consumers use energy.
A．Record the locations smartly
B．Keep the balance of power supplies
C．Thus, the farmers can have a good harvest
D．The system can also help to predict the disease
E．This is because AI has an ability that's far beyond humans
F．But now people have no ideas how to deal with the terrible problem
G．Yet catching cancers as early as possible can greatly improve a patient's chances of survival
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分别从四个方面介绍了人工智能是如何保护我们的。
1．答案： E
解析：设空处上文“but as something that can strengthen our abilities”提到我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。E项(这是因为人工智能的能力远远超过人类)承接上文，解释为什么我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。故选E。
2．答案： D
解析：本段小标题“Predict infectious (传染性的) diseases”意为“预测传染性疾病”，D项(这个系统还能够帮助预测疾病)与段落主旨相呼应。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：根据本段主题句“Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops.”可知，研究人员开发了一个自动化系统，旨在对抗农作物疾病。C项(这样，农民就会有一个好收成)承接上文。故选C。
4．答案： G
解析：本段小标题意为“抗癌”，上文提到每年癌症导致全球超过880万人死亡，1，400万人被诊断出患有某种癌症。G项(但尽早发现癌症可以大大提高患者的生存率)与上文形成转折关系，且与小标题中的cancer相呼应。故选G。
5．答案： B
解析：设空处为本段小标题。本段主要介绍了智能电表能够提供更多消费者如何和何时使用能源的数据，即人工智能通过智能电表的形式帮助人们保持电源供应平衡。B项(保持电力供应平衡)概括段落大意。故选B。
Ⅲ 应用文写作
假定你是校英文世界报编辑李华，你报正开展以“Technology Betters Future”为主题的短篇科幻小说征文活动。请你写一则英文征稿启事，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．征文要求；
3．投稿方式。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Contributions Wanted
To inspire your imagination about future life and fuel your enthusiasm for English writing, we are calling for contributions with the theme of “Technology Betters Future”.
All contributions are expected to center on the positive differences technology makes to future life in the form of sci fi short stories. Your wild imagination and vivid language would be the highlights. It is required that the entries should be original and creative and within 500 words. Please submit your work to englishworld@ before May 22.
Your active involvement is highly appreciated.
Editorial Department of English World
