英语 选择性必修 第四册[WY]
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
The Road Not Taken
未选择的路
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
黄色的树林中岔出两条路，
And sorry I could not travel both
可惜我不能同时去涉足；
And be one traveler, long I stood
身在旅途的我久久站立，
And looked down one as far as I could
极目眺望其中一条路的尽头，
To where it bent in the undergrowth；
直到它转弯，消失在树林深处。
Then took the other, as just as fair，
然后我毅然踏上了另一条路，公正公平
And having perhaps the better claim，
这条路也许更值得我向往，
Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
因为它荒草丛生，人迹罕至；
Though as for that, the passing there
不过说到其冷清与荒凉，
Had worn them really about the same，
两条路几乎是一模一样。
And both that morning equally lay
那天早晨两条路都铺满落叶，
In leaves no step had trodden black.
落叶上都没有被踩踏的痕迹。
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
啊，我把第一条留给将来！
Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
但我知道路连着路，
I doubted if I should ever come back.
我不知将来能否再回到那里。
I shall be telling this with a sigh
我将会一边叹息一边叙说，
Somewhere ages and ages hence：
多年之后在某个地方：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
在树林中曾有两条小路，我——
I took the one less traveled by，
我选了一条人迹稀少的行走，
And that has made all the difference.
结果后来的一切都截然不同。
①diverge v. (两条路)岔开，分开 ②undergrowth n. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds.
《未选择的路》这首诗里的诗句经常在各种演讲中被引用。
The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
这首诗被许多艺术家改编成音乐，并用在了许多电视广告中。
It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，不仅是因为它的自然风格，也因为它对人性的深刻见解。
③numerous adj. 许多的，很多的 ④commercial n. (电视或电台的)商业广告 ⑤thoughtful adj. 认真思考的，深思的
When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.
读《未选择的路》时，人们不禁会在脑海中看到乡村深处一片宁静的树林。
Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change.
林间的小路经常被用来象征我们人生中的进步和变化。
The lines“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make.
“黄色的树林中岔出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足”这两句诗让我们直观地看到了我们面临的选择和我们需要做出的决定。
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都向我们抛出许多选择。
These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation.
从基本的“我今天应该穿什么？”到大学学什么专业或毕业后做什么工作等关键问题。
Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
当然，当我们不确定哪种选择会导致做正确的事时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
⑥symbolize v. 象征，代表 ⑦alternative n. 可供选择的事物 ⑧dilemma n. 进退两难的境地，困境 ⑨arise v. (由……)引起 ⑩“主(The lines ...)谓(give)间宾(us)直宾(a visual representation)”。句中两个that均引导定语从句，分别修饰先行词the__choices和the__decisions。
Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
无论大小，我们所有的选择都有一个共同点，那就是它们会带来特定的结果。
Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。
Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.
尽管这首诗的作者考虑改天再走另一条路，但他知道他不太可能有机会这样做。
Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards“with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
就像作者一样，我们所能做的就是回首往事时“叹息一声”，想象本来会发生什么。
circumstance n. 情况，情形 “主(all we can do)系(is)表(look backwards ... have been)”。we can do为省略引导词that的定语从句；what引导宾语从句。
This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable.
这种怀疑我们是否做出了正确的选择的叹息是可以理解的。
Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn't easy when those two paths look similar.
虽然我们可以自由选择走哪条路，但当这两条路看起来相似时，这种选择并不容易。
Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we're choosing between.
例如，当面对两份工作机会时，我们可能想知道到底我们是在什么当中选择。
What if, in choosing one, we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities
如果在选择一个时，我们在不知不觉中拒绝了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办呢？
Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice
我们会发现我们是否做出了正确的选择吗？
“让步状语从句(Although we ... take)＋主句(this choice ... similar)”。which path to take是“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，作choose的宾语；主句中含有when引导的时间状语从句。
Ultimately，the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance.
最终，前面的路——贯穿我们一生的路——是选择和机遇的结合体。
And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey
当我们接近那条路的尽头时，我们将如何记住这段旅程？
How will we look back on our lives
我们将如何回顾我们的一生？
mixture n. 混合；混合体
In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”， he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
在这首诗中，作者质疑自己的选择，认为在未来“多年后”，他可能会声称自己走的是“人迹较少”的路。
Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.
我们中的一些人的确会选择一条更不寻常的人生之路，虽然这条路可能更难走，但它也会带来新的冒险和经历。
Nonetheless, part of the art of decision making is learning to make the most of our decisions.
尽管如此，做决定的艺术一部分是学会充分利用我们的决定。
Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
我们不应该遗憾地回顾过去，而应该充满活力和乐观地面对未来，因为选择在于我们自己，而且只属于我们自己。
“主句(we should ... and optimism)＋原因状语从句(for ... ours only)”。looking back with regret为动名词短语作介词of的宾语。
1 symbolize v. 象征，代表(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①Red is the best color for wrapping the gift, because it symbolizes joy and prosperity.
红色是包装礼物的最好颜色，因为它象征着快乐和繁荣。
②A heart shape is the symbol of love.
心形是爱的象征。
③A map is a form of symbolic representation.
地图是一种符号表现形式。
易混辨析：symbol/signal/mark
symbol “象征，符号”，常指作为象征意义的特殊事物，尤指用有形的实物代表抽象的实体
signal “信号，暗号”，侧重指声音或动作的暗示
mark 指为了易于辨认而做的“记号”或在某一物体上留下的“痕迹”，也有“分数”之意
(1)选词填空(symbol/signal/mark)
①A red light is a ________ of danger, which is even known to a five year old child.
②A recorder pen makes a ________ on a chart.
③Doves are universally viewed as a ________ of peace all over the world.
答案：①signal ②mark ③symbol
(2)单句表达
①文字是记录语言的符号。
The written word is ______________________ recording human speech.
②奥运火炬的点燃象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊。
The lighting of the Olympic torch ____________________________________ among the nations of the world.
答案：①the symbol for ②symbolizes peace and friendship
2 alternative n. 可供选择的事物(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait.
路上被大雨堵的车太多了，我们只好等待别无选择。
②The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.
这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。
③The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively, you can organize your own transport.
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自己安排交通工具。
(1)alternative通常指两者之间的选择，而choice则指一般意义上的选择。 (2)“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有： have no choice but to do sth; can't do sth but do sth; can do nothing but do sth等。在这些结构中，若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式，but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则，but之后的to不能省略。
(1)单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative ________ gasoline.
②________ (alternative), you can squeeze fresh lemon juice onto the stain or use the bottled lemon juice.
答案：①to ②Alternatively
(2)单句表达
①为了成功，我们别无选择只有勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。
In order to succeed, we ____________________ failure bravely and learn from it.
②请使用其他方式付款。
Please use ______________________________．
答案：①have no alternative but to face ②an alternative method of payment
3 arise v. (由……)引起(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①As we all know, most car accidents arise from/out of carelessness.
众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。
②I arose from the chair to answer the doorbell.
我从椅子上站起来去开门。
易混辨析：arise/rise/raise
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 出现；发生；起因于；起床 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 升起；起身；增长；上升 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起；唤起；提高；饲养 raised raised raising
(1)写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.________
②A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.________
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.________
④It can't be too careful while driving. Accidents often arise from carelessness.________
答案：①起立 ②出现 ③起床 ④产生
(2)选词填空(arise/rise/raise)
①If we are not careful enough, anything can ________．
②Please ________ your hands when you have questions to ask.
③The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west.
答案：①arise ②raise ③rises
4 circumstance n. 情况，情形(教材P11)
归纳拓展
①We can't take measures until we've known all the circumstances.
直到摸清了所有的情况，我们才能采取措施。
②In/Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
③My teacher always reminds me that in/under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
表示“决不”且其位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构的常用词组还有： ①in no case ②at no time ③by no means ④in no way ⑤on no account ⑥on no condition
(1)单句语法填空
①________ no circumstances should we sacrifice the interest of public for personal interest.
②If ________ (circumstance) permit, I will go on talking about the drawback of this kind of refrigerator.
答案：①In/Under ②circumstances
(2)单句表达
我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标；如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。
____________________________ the aim of setting up a company；__________________， I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream.
答案：In/Under no circumstances will I give up; if circumstances allow/permit
5 affection n. 喜爱，钟爱(教材P13)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I feel much affection for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。
②He has a deep affection for his old friend whom he got to know twenty years ago.
他对20年前结识的这位老朋友感情很深。
③He told us a deeply affecting story.
他给我们讲了一个感人至深的故事。
④Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives.
气候和天气影响我们生活的每个方面。
“have＋n.＋for”结构的短语还有： ①have sympathy for sb 同情某人 ②have a gift for 对……有天赋 ③have an eye for sth 对……有鉴赏力/识别力/眼力
(1)单句语法填空
①From then on, we began a relationship that gradually transformed into a great friendship and deep ________ (affect)．
②I thought he always had a great affection ________ his sister, but in fact, he disliked her.
答案：①affection ②for
(2)单句表达
①她对家乡怀有深厚的感情。
She ________________________ her hometown.
②她的学生都十分爱戴她。
She was ____________________ by all her students.
答案：①has a great affection for ②held in great affection
6 qualified adj. 合格的，胜任的(教材P14)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①She's well qualified in/for teaching English.
她很有资格教英语。
②You must qualify yourself for the post.
你必须使自己具备担任这一工作的资格。
③He has the qualification that the job requires, so I believe he is qualified for the job.
他有这份工作所需的资历，所以我相信他可以胜任这份工作。
(1)单句语法填空
①What ________ (qualify) have you got to have for this job
②He qualified ________ a teacher last year.
答案：①qualification ②as
(2)单句表达
读者应该向一位有资历的专业人士寻求此类建议。
Readers should seek the services of __________________________ for such advice.
答案：a qualified professional
7 shift n. (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间(教材P15)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①He works the night shift today.
他今天上夜班。
②The children are shifting uncomfortably in their seats.
孩子们在椅子上不自在地挪来挪去。
③There has been a shift of emphasis from manufacturing to service industries.
重点已经从制造业向服务行业转移。
单句表达
①不要把责任推卸给别人，你应受责备。
Don't try to ________________ on others; you are to blame.
②白班工人八点钟来换班。
______________ arrives at eight o'clock.
答案：①shift the blame ②The day shift
1 When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.(教材P11) 阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。
剖析 When reading为时间状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为When one is reading ...。
归纳拓展
①When walking down the street, I came across David, who I hadn't seen for years.
走在街上时，我偶遇了多年未见的大卫。
②If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
如果它们被人体吸入，就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
③As planned, we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.
按计划，我们将在早上七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。
(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语构成主动关系，使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示尚未发生的动作，则使用不定式。 (2)状语从句的省略记忆口诀：省略句，真容易，主从主语须一致；从句若有it be，可用省略勿迟疑；主动“连词＋ ing”，被动“连词＋ ed”。
(1)单句语法填空
①When ________ (ask) about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worth seeing a second time.
②While ________ (live) in Hangzhou, I often pay a visit to the West Lake.
答案：①asked ②living
(2)单句表达
一旦出版，这部小说将成为该年度的畅销书之一。
______________， the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year.
答案：Once published
2 Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.(教材P11) 无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。
剖析 Whether big or small是whether ... or ... 引导的让步状语从句。
归纳拓展
①A person has the right to vote, whether he is male or female.
一个人，无论他是男是女，都拥有选举权。
②Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.
他们是赢是输对我来说都一样。
whether除了用于whether ... or ... 结构，还可用于whether ... or not或whether or not ... 结构，这三个结构既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。 The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。
(1)单句语法填空
①Tom should praise his effort regardless of ________ his team wins or loses.
②It seemed to me that she was in trouble whether Mahoney lived ________ died.
③I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or ________ you will come.
答案：①whether ②or ③not
(2)单句表达
①无论贫穷还是富有，你都必须为成功而奋斗。
____________________________， you have to struggle for success.
②他似乎还没有决定去留。
He seemed undecided ____________________．
答案：①Whether you are poor or rich ②whether to go or stay
3 Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.(教材P12) 生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。
剖析 do take是“助动词＋动词原形”构成的强调结构。
归纳拓展 “do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调结构，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，运用此结构进行强调时须符合以下条件： (1)句子是肯定句。 (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
①If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.
如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。
②To my great joy, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
令我极为高兴的是，这种植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
(1)单句语法填空
①I ________ (do) hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount.
②She does ________ (hope) you can enjoy the wonderful music.
答案：①did ②hope
(2)单句表达
昨天晚上，他的确是自己完成了作业。
He __________________ by himself last night.
答案：did finish the homework
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．He has an amazing ability to explain the ________ (复杂的) questions in a simple way.
答案：complex
2．Nowadays, whenever people use their mobile phones, they may be disturbed by ________ (商业广告)．
答案：commercials
3．I like to entertain friends with music and ________ (茶点) at home.
答案：refreshments
4．The project aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an environmentally friendly ________ (可供选择的事物)．
答案：alternative
5．The coastal road ________ (岔开) from the freeway just north of Santa Monica.
答案：diverges
6．You have to know how the trouble a________ before you can deal with it.
答案：arose
7．The night s________ should have been safely down the mine long ago.
答案：shift
8．Under no c________ should we give up, whatever the result is.
答案：circumstances
9．The d________ can be very disturbing as no one wants to walk around in smelly bodies or clothes that look wet all because of the problem.
答案：dilemma
10．He wrote 28 books and n________ short stories, letters and other articles.
答案：numerous
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.I bought a bottle of water for a beggar and he thanked me ________ (sincere)．
答案：sincerely
2．In my opinion, he isn't ________ (qualify) for the job.
答案：qualified
3．While ________ (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend.
答案：waiting
4．The young girl in the picture has a ________ (thought) and solemn mien.
答案：thoughtful
5．They looked at him with a ________ (mix) of horror, envy, and awe.
答案：mixture
6．While strength may be helpful in winning respect, it has nothing to do with winning ________ (affect)．
答案：affection
7．Can we begin by discussing matters arising ________ the last meeting
答案：from
8．________ it turns out to be a good idea or a bad idea, we'll find out.
答案：Whether
9．His son was praised for speeches of remarkable ________ (fluent)．
答案：fluency
10．She ________ (do) speak French very well; she must have been to France.
答案：does
Ⅲ.选词填空
look back on, insight into, turn down, on a daily basis, result in
1．His carelessness in study will eventually ____________ his failure in the exam.
答案：result in
2．____________ she reminded me that life goes on.
答案：On a daily basis
3．I made it pass the first cut the first year I applied, but was ____________ for admission.
答案：turned down
4．The book gives us fascinating ____________ life in Mexico.
答案：insights into
5．I can ____________ things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could.
答案：look back on
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．看到他对受害者所做的一切，我别无选择，只能向警方告发他。
Having observed what he did to the victims, I ________________________________ him to the police.
答案：had no alternative but to report
2．我不想在生活中忙忙碌碌，而想做更有意义的事。
__________________________， I wanted something more meaningful.
答案：Instead of rushing at life
3．他们确实想与你和好。
They ____________________ make peace with you.
答案：do want to
4．不管我的功课忙不忙，我都会设法找时间和朋友们出去玩。
______________________________________， I'll manage to find time to hang out with my friends.
答案：Whether I'm busy with the lessons or not
5．当和孩子们在户外玩耍时，这位父亲感到非常幸福。
____________________________________， the father felt very happy.
答案：While playing with his children outdoors
较易题(占比25%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比25%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going into “real” majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed my mind and choose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing ing out of this experience, I realize it is OK to be different from others and to study things like classic art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities.
The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are that the majors are too abstract, and one will not obtain any applicable skills. Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective. How could one effectively be an unbiased (无偏见的) writer with only a knowledge of the popular opinion of society How could one speak persuasively with closed minds Only seeing the world through a single perspective leads to missed learning, missed friendships, and missed growth! With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open minded, and less limited in what we can become.
STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) graduates learn actual skills in their studies while humanities majors learn “soft skills” like communicating effectively through writing critically and speaking persuasively, synthesizing (综合) ideas through gathering and interpreting information, and developing cultural awareness. Do those soft skills sound useless and inapplicable to you Think of it. How often do you communicate with others Produce ideas Encounter people from other cultures Every day. Every SECOND of every day. So why not master these skills
If you choose a major in the College of Humanities, you will be needed. The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist's grace to our rapidly evolving high tech future. Your skills will be valuable to any workplace you hope to be in. Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了自己选择专业及学习的经历，告诉人们要用所有的精力去追求自己梦想的专业，不管别人怎么想。
1．Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first
A．He came to enjoy learning marketing techniques.
B．He wanted to go to the same university as his friends.
C．He believed Business Management was more practical.
D．He was tired of learning comparative literature.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The worries most ... applicable skills.(大多数人对人文学科学位和毕业后找工作的担忧是这些专业太抽象，不能获得任何适用的技能。)”可知，作者选择商业管理专业是因为他认为这个专业更实用。故选C。
2．In which of the following situations do soft skills play the most important role
A．Playing a musical instrument.
B．Negotiating with a business partner.
C．Writing a software program.
D．Performing a heart operation.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“while humanities majors ... developing cultural awareness(人文专业学习的是‘软技能’，比如通过批判性写作和有说服力的讲话来有效沟通，通过收集和解释信息来综合思想、培养文化意识)”可推知，“软技能”会在与商业伙伴谈判时发挥重要作用。故选B。
3．The author believes the job market for Humanities graduates is ________．
A．challenging B．recovering
C．depressing D．promising
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The job market ... high tech future.(就业市场每周悄悄地为那些能为我们快速发展的高科技未来带来人文主义风采的人创造数千个就业机会。)”可知，作者认为人文专业毕业生的就业市场前景广阔。故选D。
4．What could be the best title for this passage
A．How to Acquire Soft Skills
B．Humanities vs. STEM
C．Stick to Your Desired Major
D．Broaden Your Perspective
答案：C
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“Chase after your ... what other people think.”可知，作者认为要用所有的精力去追求自己梦想的专业，不管别人怎么想。由此可知，C项(坚持自己想学的专业)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ 完形填空
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to __1__ on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I found myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was __2__ at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of __3__， my worries had gone. Everyone was so __4__ and like minded that it was very __5__ to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8 day __6__. We had to __7__ everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a long way but in 35 ℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire. My job was to __8__ a stairway out of rock. This __9__ climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never __10__．
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The __11__ of knowing that my work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. But on the last night we were __12__ in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to __13__. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only __14__ part of my tent.
Needless to say, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I __15__. I think I am much stronger for having taken part in the project.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的经历让作者坚信自己在未来会变得更坚强。
1．A.calculate B．negotiate
C．advertise D．research
答案：D
解析：根据前文“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上查询有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D。
2．A.annoyed B．surprised
C．scared D．excited
答案：C
解析：根据后文“my worries had gone”可知，作者一开始很担忧。故选C。
3．A.arriving B．sleeping
C．thinking D．walking
答案：A
解析：根据后文“Everyone was so __4__ and like minded”和“feel at home”可知，到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A。
4．A.confident B．friendly
C．energetic D．curious
答案：B
解析：根据后文“and like minded”可知，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B。
5．A.funny B．good
C．lucky D．easy
答案：D
解析：根据前文“Everyone was so __4__ and like minded”和后文“feel at home”可知，大家都很友好并且志趣相投，很容易感觉到家的温暖。故选D。
6．A.tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
答案：B
解析：根据文章最后一句中的“for having taken part in the project”可知，此处指当志愿者的项目，为project的原词复现。故选B。
7．A.drop B．make
C．carry D．buy
答案：C
解析：根据后文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要携带必需品走。故选C。
8．A.build B．test
C．clean D．guard
答案：A
解析：根据后文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions”可知，作者的工作是在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯。故选A。
9．A.helped B．ended
C．allowed D．meant
答案：D
解析：根据后文“climbing up and down”可知，修建阶梯意味着作者他们需要爬上爬下。故选D。
10．A.hunted B．trained
C．seen D．fed
答案：C
解析：根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过狮子。故选C。
11．A.satisfaction B．ambition
C．expectation D．intention
答案：A
解析：根据前文“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，作者修的台阶成型了，作者感到很满意。故选A。
12．A.left B．caught
C．attacked D．separated
答案：B
解析：根据后文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B。
13．A.boiling B．average
C．normal D．freezing
答案：D
解析：根据后文“trembling”可知，温度很低。close to freezing “接近冰点”。故选D。
14．A.tidy B．dry
C．new D．soft
答案：B
解析：根据前文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B。
15．A.survived B．resisted
C．escaped D．recovered
答案：A
解析：根据后文“I think I am much stronger for having taken part in the project.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来。故选A。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Dear Dad，
On this date of your 50th birthday, Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago. In your letter, you __1__ (wish) me to be strong minded and successful. You were looking forward to __2__ (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for __3__ (me) and others.
After reading this letter, I feel quite __4__ (shock) at your __5__ (expect) on me. I also feel shamed of not having performed well __6__ (meet) your demand. I still remember when I was in primary school, I failed to apply myself to studying. I was addicted to computer games. As a consequence, I soon became the last one in my class. You didn't abuse me at all. __7__ the contrary, you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard. Only __8__ I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself.
I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you. Wish you __9__ (health) and happy. I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being __10__ brave and successful person.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。女儿在爸爸生日时写给爸爸一封信，表达了自己的忏悔和对爸爸的感激之情，并保证自己会不遗余力地成为一个勇敢并且成功的人。
1．答案：wished
解析：考查动词的时态。根据上文“when I was born 18 years ago”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wished。
2．答案：seeing
解析：考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth “期待做某事”，为固定搭配。故填seeing。
3．答案：myself
解析：考查代词。根据me可知，此处应用反身代词作宾语。故填myself。
4．答案：shocked
解析：考查词性转换。系动词feel后应用形容词作表语。故填shocked。
5．答案：expectation
解析：考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词your后应用名词。故填expectation。
6．答案：to meet
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。
7．答案：On
解析：考查介词。句意：相反，你教会我学习是当下最重要的目标，并鼓励我努力学习。on the contrary “相反”，为固定搭配，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填On。
8．答案：when
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。句意：直到我读了你的信，我才意识到我当时的行为如此恶劣，而你看到我做得不好感到非常难过。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。
9．答案：healthy
解析：考查词性转换。此处and连接并列成分，根据happy可知，设空处应用形容词。故填healthy。
10．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词a修饰person，表示泛指，且brave的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
Ⅳ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er ... What ... What do you really want to do in the beautiful future？”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts What if he gets angry What if I let him down？” Later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may not be the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea！” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
“Are you serious, Dad？”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coast. We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let's see if we get lucky，” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while. Then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this，” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck.
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there！” From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者不愿跟随自己的父亲做一名律师，而且提出了自己想做作家的想法，父亲竟然同意了。随后作者跟随父亲一同去海边抓螃蟹，作者看到螃蟹克服重重困难从斗争中活了下来，明白了什么？作者是如何为实现梦想而努力的？
[精彩范文]
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there！” Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoys and hold on to it.
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to schoolwork, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literary journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
14(共110张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
Unit 1 Looking forwards
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
课前预习自检
重点合作探究
课堂效果检测
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
３
课后课时作业
4
课前预习自检
The Road Not Taken
未选择的路
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，
黄色的树林中岔出两条路，
And sorry I could not travel both
可惜我不能同时去涉足；
And be one traveler, long I stood
身在旅途的我久久站立，
And looked down one as far as I could
极目眺望其中一条路的尽头，
To where it bent in the undergrowth；
直到它转弯，消失在树林深处。
Then took the other, as just as fair，
然后我毅然踏上了另一条路，公正公平
And having perhaps the better claim，
这条路也许更值得我向往，
Because it was grassy and wanted wear；
因为它荒草丛生，人迹罕至；
Though as for that, the passing there
不过说到其冷清与荒凉，
Had worn them really about the same，
两条路几乎是一模一样。
And both that morning equally lay
那天早晨两条路都铺满落叶，
In leaves no step had trodden black.
落叶上都没有被踩踏的痕迹。
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
啊，我把第一条留给将来！
Yet knowing how way leads on to way，
但我知道路连着路，
I doubted if I should ever come back.
我不知将来能否再回到那里。
I shall be telling this with a sigh
我将会一边叹息一边叙说，
Somewhere ages and ages hence：
多年之后在某个地方：
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
在树林中曾有两条小路，我——
I took the one less traveled by，
我选了一条人迹稀少的行走，
And that has made all the difference.
结果后来的一切都截然不同。
①_______ v. (两条路)岔开，分开
②___________ n. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
diverge
undergrowth
Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds.
《未选择的路》这首诗里的诗句经常在各种演讲中被引用。
The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
这首诗被许多艺术家改编成音乐，并用在了许多电视广告中。
It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，不仅是因为它的自然风格，也因为它对人性的深刻见解。
③________ adj. 许多的，很多的
④_________ n. (电视或电台的)商业广告
⑤________ adj. 认真思考的，深思的
numerous
commercial
thoughtful
When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.
读《未选择的路》时，人们不禁会在脑海中看到乡村深处一片宁静的树林。
Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change.
林间的小路经常被用来象征我们人生中的进步和变化。
The lines“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make.
“黄色的树林中岔出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足”这两句诗让我们直观地看到了我们面临的选择和我们需要做出的决定。
Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都向我们抛出许多选择。
These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation.
从基本的“我今天应该穿什么？”到大学学什么专业或毕业后做什么工作等关键问题。
Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
当然，当我们不确定哪种选择会导致做正确的事时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
⑥________ v. 象征，代表
⑦________ n. 可供选择的事物
⑧________ n. 进退两难的境地，困境
⑨_____ v. (由……)引起
⑩“主(The lines ...)谓(give)间宾(us)直宾(a visual representation)”。句中两个that均引导_____从句，分别修饰先行词__________和____________。
symbolize
alternative
dilemma
arise
定语
the choices
the decisions
Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
无论大小，我们所有的选择都有一个共同点，那就是它们会带来特定的结果。
Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
一旦我们做了决定，在大多数情况下，就没有回头路了。
Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so.
尽管这首诗的作者考虑改天再走另一条路，但他知道他不太可能有机会这样做。
Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards“with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
就像作者一样，我们所能做的就是回首往事时“叹息一声”，想象本来会发生什么。
___________ n. 情况，情形
“主(all we can do)系(is)表(look backwards ... have been)”。we can do为省略引导词_____的______从句；what引导_____从句。
circumstance
that
定语
宾语
This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable.
这种怀疑我们是否做出了正确的选择的叹息是可以理解的。
Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn't easy when those two paths look similar.
虽然我们可以自由选择走哪条路，但当这两条路看起来相似时，这种选择并不容易。
Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we're choosing between.
例如，当面对两份工作机会时，我们可能想知道到底我们是在什么当中选择。
What if, in choosing one, we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities
如果在选择一个时，我们在不知不觉中拒绝了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办呢？
Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice
我们会发现我们是否做出了正确的选择吗？
“让步状语从句(Although we ... take)＋主句(this choice ... similar)”。which path to take是“___________________”结构，作choose的_____；主句中含有when引导的________从句。
疑问词＋动词不定式
宾语
时间状语
Ultimately，the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance.
最终，前面的路——贯穿我们一生的路——是选择和机遇的结合体。
And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey
当我们接近那条路的尽头时，我们将如何记住这段旅程？
How will we look back on our lives
我们将如何回顾我们的一生？
_______ n. 混合；混合体
mixture
In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”， he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
在这首诗中，作者质疑自己的选择，认为在未来“多年后”，他可能会声称自己走的是“人迹较少”的路。
Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.
我们中的一些人的确会选择一条更不寻常的人生之路，虽然这条路可能更难走，但它也会带来新的冒险和经历。
Nonetheless, part of the art of decision making is learning to make the most of our decisions.
尽管如此，做决定的艺术一部分是学会充分利用我们的决定。
Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
我们不应该遗憾地回顾过去，而应该充满活力和乐观地面对未来，因为选择在于我们自己，而且只属于我们自己。
“主句(we should ... and optimism)＋________从句(for ... ours only)”。looking back with regret为__________作介词of的宾语。
原因状语
动名词短语
重点合作探究
1 symbolize v. 象征，代表(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①Red is the best color for wrapping the gift, because it symbolizes joy and prosperity.
红色是包装礼物的最好颜色，因为它象征着快乐和繁荣。
②A heart shape is the symbol of love.
心形是爱的象征。
③A map is a form of symbolic representation.
地图是一种符号表现形式。
易混辨析：symbol/signal/mark symbol “象征，符号”，常指作为象征意义的特殊事物，尤指用有形的实物代表抽象的实体
signal “信号，暗号”，侧重指声音或动作的暗示
mark 指为了易于辨认而做的“记号”或在某一物体上留下的“痕迹”，也有“分数”之意
(1)选词填空(symbol/signal/mark)
①A red light is a ______ of danger, which is even known to a five year old child.
②A recorder pen makes a _____ on a chart.
③Doves are universally viewed as a _______ of peace all over the world.
signal
mark
symbol
(2)单句表达
①文字是记录语言的符号。
The written word is _____________ recording human speech.
②奥运火炬的点燃象征着世界各国之间的和平与友谊。
The lighting of the Olympic torch ___________________________ among the nations of the world.
the symbol for
symbolizes peace and friendship
2 alternative n. 可供选择的事物(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait.
路上被大雨堵的车太多了，我们只好等待别无选择。
②The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.
这条路被挡住了，因此我们走了另一条路。
③The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively, you can organize your own transport.
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自己安排交通工具。
(1)alternative通常指两者之间的选择，而choice则指一般意义上的选择。
(2)“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有： have no choice but to do sth; can't do sth but do sth; can do nothing but do sth等。在这些结构中，若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式，but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则，but之后的to不能省略。
(1)单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative __ gasoline.
②___________ (alternative), you can squeeze fresh lemon juice onto the stain or use the bottled lemon juice.
to
Alternatively
(2)单句表达
①为了成功，我们别无选择只有勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。
In order to succeed, we _________________________ failure bravely and learn from it.
②请使用其他方式付款。
Please use ____________________________．
have no alternative but to face
an alternative method of payment
3 arise v. (由……)引起(教材P11)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①As we all know, most car accidents arise from/out of carelessness.
众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。
②I arose from the chair to answer the doorbell.
我从椅子上站起来去开门。
易混辨析：arise/rise/raise 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 出现；发生；起因于；起床 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 升起；起身；增长；上升 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起；唤起；提高；饲养 raised raised raising
图形助记
(1)写出下列句中arise的含义
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.______
②A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins._____
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.______
④It can't be too careful while driving. Accidents often arise from carelessness.______
起立
出现
起床
产生
(2)选词填空(arise/rise/raise)
①If we are not careful enough, anything can _____．
②Please _____ your hands when you have questions to ask.
③The sun ____ in the east and sets in the west.
arise
raise
rises
4 circumstance n. 情况，情形(教材P11)
归纳拓展
①We can't take measures until we've known all the circumstances.
直到摸清了所有的情况，我们才能采取措施。
②In/Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
③My teacher always reminds me that in/under no circumstances should I abandon my learning goals once I set them.
我的老师总是提醒我，一旦设定了学习目标，在任何情况下都不应该放弃。
表示“决不”且其位于句首，句子用部分倒装结构的常用词组还有：
①in no case ②at no time ③by no means
④in no way ⑤on no account ⑥on no condition
(1)单句语法填空
①________ no circumstances should we sacrifice the interest of public for personal interest.
②If ___________ (circumstance) permit, I will go on talking about the drawback of this kind of refrigerator.
(2)单句表达
我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标；如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。
_________________________________ the aim of setting up a company；________________________， I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream.
In/Under
circumstances
In/Under no circumstances will I give up
if circumstances allow/permit
5 affection n. 喜爱，钟爱(教材P13)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①I feel much affection for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。
②He has a deep affection for his old friend whom he got to know twenty years ago.
他对20年前结识的这位老朋友感情很深。
③He told us a deeply affecting story.
他给我们讲了一个感人至深的故事。
④Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives.
气候和天气影响我们生活的每个方面。
“have＋n.＋for”结构的短语还有：
①have sympathy for sb 同情某人
②have a gift for 对……有天赋
③have an eye for sth 对……有鉴赏力/识别力/眼力
(1)单句语法填空
①From then on, we began a relationship that gradually transformed into a great friendship and deep ________ (affect)．
②I thought he always had a great affection ____ his sister, but in fact, he disliked her.
(2)单句表达
①她对家乡怀有深厚的感情。
She ____________________ her hometown.
②她的学生都十分爱戴她。
She was __________________ by all her students.
affection
for
has a great affection for
held in great affection
6 qualified adj. 合格的，胜任的(教材P14)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①She's well qualified in/for teaching English.
她很有资格教英语。
②You must qualify yourself for the post.
你必须使自己具备担任这一工作的资格。
③He has the qualification that the job requires, so I believe he is qualified for the job.
他有这份工作所需的资历，所以我相信他可以胜任这份工作。
(1)单句语法填空
①What __________ (qualify) have you got to have for this job
②He qualified __ a teacher last year.
(2)单句表达
读者应该向一位有资历的专业人士寻求此类建议。
Readers should seek the services of ____________________ for such advice.
qualification
as
a qualified professional
7 shift n. (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间(教材P15)
归纳拓展
情景助记
①He works the night shift today.
他今天上夜班。
②The children are shifting uncomfortably in their seats.
孩子们在椅子上不自在地挪来挪去。
③There has been a shift of emphasis from manufacturing to service industries.
重点已经从制造业向服务行业转移。
单句表达
①不要把责任推卸给别人，你应受责备。
Don't try to ____________ on others; you are to blame.
②白班工人八点钟来换班。
___________ arrives at eight o'clock.
shift the blame
The day shift
1 When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.(教材P11)
阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。
剖析 When reading为时间状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为When one is reading ...。
归纳拓展
①When walking down the street, I came across David, who I hadn't seen for years.
走在街上时，我偶遇了多年未见的大卫。
②If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
如果它们被人体吸入，就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
③As planned, we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.
按计划，我们将在早上七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。
(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语构成主动关系，使用现在分词；若构成被动关系，则使用过去分词；若谓语动词表示尚未发生的动作，则使用不定式。
(2)状语从句的省略记忆口诀：省略句，真容易，主从主语须一致；从句若有it be，可用省略勿迟疑；主动“连词＋ ing”，被动“连词＋ ed”。
(1)单句语法填空
①When _____ (ask) about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worth seeing a second time.
②While _____ (live) in Hangzhou, I often pay a visit to the West Lake.
(2)单句表达
一旦出版，这部小说将成为该年度的畅销书之一。
______________， the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year.
asked
living
Once published
2 Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.(教材P11)
无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。
剖析 Whether big or small是whether ... or ... 引导的让步状语从句。
归纳拓展
①A person has the right to vote, whether he is male or female.
一个人，无论他是男是女，都拥有选举权。
②Whether they win or lose is all the same to me.
他们是赢是输对我来说都一样。
whether除了用于whether ... or ... 结构，还可用于whether ... or not或whether or not ... 结构，这三个结构既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。
The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
地球变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。
(1)单句语法填空
①Tom should praise his effort regardless of _______ his team wins or loses.
②It seemed to me that she was in trouble whether Mahoney lived ___ died.
③I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or ___ you will come.
whether
or
not
(2)单句表达
①无论贫穷还是富有，你都必须为成功而奋斗。
________________________， you have to struggle for success.
②他似乎还没有决定去留。
He seemed undecided __________________．
Whether you are poor or rich
whether to go or stay
3 Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.(教材P12)
生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。
剖析 do take是“助动词＋动词原形”构成的强调结构。
归纳拓展 “do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调结构，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，运用此结构进行强调时须符合以下条件：
(1)句子是肯定句。
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
①If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.
如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。
②To my great joy, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
令我极为高兴的是，这种植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
(1)单句语法填空
①I ___ (do) hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount.
②She does ____ (hope) you can enjoy the wonderful music.
(2)单句表达
昨天晚上，他的确是自己完成了作业。
He ____________________ by himself last night.
did
hope
did finish the homework
课堂效果检测
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子
1．He has an amazing ability to explain the _______ (复杂的) questions in a simple way.
2．Nowadays, whenever people use their mobile phones, they may be disturbed by __________ (商业广告)．
3．I like to entertain friends with music and ____________ (茶点) at home.
4．The project aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an environmentally
friendly ________ (可供选择的事物)．
5．The coastal road _______ (岔开) from the freeway just north of Santa Monica.
complex
commercials
refreshments
alternative
diverges
6．You have to know how the trouble a____ before you can deal with it.
7．The night s___ should have been safely down the mine long ago.
8．Under no c__________ should we give up, whatever the result is.
9．The d_______ can be very disturbing as no one wants to walk around in smelly bodies or clothes that look wet all because of the problem.
10．He wrote 28 books and n________ short stories, letters and other articles.
rose
hift
ircumstances
ilemma
umerous
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.I bought a bottle of water for a beggar and he thanked me ________ (sincere)．
2．In my opinion, he isn’t ________ (qualify) for the job.
3．While _______ (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend.
4．The young girl in the picture has a ________ (thought) and solemn mien.
5．They looked at him with a _______ (mix) of horror, envy, and awe.
sincerely
qualified
waiting
thoughtful
mixture
6．While strength may be helpful in winning respect, it has nothing to do with winning ________ (affect)．
7．Can we begin by discussing matters arising ____ the last meeting
8．________ it turns out to be a good idea or a bad idea, we’ll find out.
9．His son was praised for speeches of remarkable _______ (fluent)．
10．She ____ (do) speak French very well; she must have been to France.
affection
from
Whether
fluency
does
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．His carelessness in study will eventually _______ his failure in the exam.
2．______________ she reminded me that life goes on.
3．I made it pass the first cut the first year I applied, but was __________ for admission.
4．The book gives us fascinating __________ life in Mexico.
5．I can ____________ things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could.
look back on, insight into, turn down, on a daily basis, result in
result in
On a daily basis
turned down
insights into
look back on
Ⅳ.单句表达
1．看到他对受害者所做的一切，我别无选择，只能向警方告发他。
Having observed what he did to the victims, I ___________________________ him to the police.
2．我不想在生活中忙忙碌碌，而想做更有意义的事。
_____________________， I wanted something more meaningful.
3．他们确实想与你和好。
They _________ make peace with you.
had no alternative but to report
Instead of rushing at life
do want to
4．不管我的功课忙不忙，我都会设法找时间和朋友们出去玩。
__________________________________， I’ll manage to find time to hang out with my friends.
5．当和孩子们在户外玩耍时，这位父亲感到非常幸福。
__________________________________， the father felt very happy.
Whether I'm busy with the lessons or not
While playing with his children outdoors
课后课时作业
较易题(占比25%) 中档题(占比50%) 拔高题(占比25%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★ ★★★
Ⅰ 阅读
When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in
comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going
into “real” majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I
figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed
my mind and choose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing ing out of this experience, I realize it is OK to be different from others and to study things like classic art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities.
The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are that the majors are too abstract, and one will not obtain any applicable skills. Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective. How could one effectively be an unbiased (无偏见的) writer with only a knowledge of the popular opinion of society How could one speak persuasively with closed minds Only seeing the world through a single perspective leads to missed learning, missed friendships, and missed growth! With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open minded, and less limited in what we can become.
STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) graduates learn actual skills in their studies while humanities majors learn “soft skills” like communicating effectively through writing critically and speaking persuasively, synthesizing (综合) ideas through gathering and interpreting information, and developing cultural awareness. Do those soft skills sound useless and inapplicable to you Think of it. How often do you communicate with others Produce ideas Encounter people from other cultures Every day. Every SECOND of every day. So why not master these skills
If you choose a major in the College of Humanities, you will be needed. The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist's grace to our rapidly evolving high tech future. Your skills will be valuable to any workplace you hope to be in. Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了自己选择专业及学习的经历，告诉人们要用所有的精力去追求自己梦想的专业，不管别人怎么想。
1．Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first
A．He came to enjoy learning marketing techniques.
B．He wanted to go to the same university as his friends.
C．He believed Business Management was more practical.
D．He was tired of learning comparative literature.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The worries most ... applicable skills.(大多数人对人文学科学位和毕业后找工作的担忧是这些专业太抽象，不能获得任何适用的技能。)”可知，作者选择商业管理专业是因为他认为这个专业更实用。故选C。
2．In which of the following situations do soft skills play the most important role
A．Playing a musical instrument.
B．Negotiating with a business partner.
C．Writing a software program.
D．Performing a heart operation.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“while humanities majors ... developing cultural awareness(人文专业学习的是‘软技能’，比如通过批判性写作和有说服力的讲话来有效沟通，通过收集和解释信息来综合思想、培养文化意识)”可推知，“软技能”会在与商业伙伴谈判时发挥重要作用。故选B。
3．The author believes the job market for Humanities graduates is ________．
A．challenging B．recovering
C．depressing D．promising
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The job market ... high tech future.(就业市场每周悄悄地为那些能为我们快速发展的高科技未来带来人文主义风采的人创造数千个就业机会。)”可知，作者认为人文专业毕业生的就业市场前景广阔。故选D。
4．What could be the best title for this passage
A．How to Acquire Soft Skills B．Humanities vs. STEM
C．Stick to Your Desired Major D．Broaden Your Perspective
解析：标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“Chase after your ... what other people think.”可知，作者认为要用所有的精力去追求自己梦想的专业，不管别人怎么想。由此可知，C项(坚持自己想学的专业)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ 完形填空
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to __1__ on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I found myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was __2__ at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of __3__， my worries had gone. Everyone was so __4__ and like minded that it was very __5__ to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8 day __6__. We had to __7__ everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a long way but in 35 ℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire. My job was to __8__ a stairway out of rock. This __9__ climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never __10__．
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The __11__ of knowing that my work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive. But on the last night we were __12__ in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to __13__. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only __14__ part of my tent.
Needless to say, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I __15__. I think I am much stronger for having taken part in the project.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的经历让作者坚信自己在未来会变得更坚强。
1．A.calculate B．negotiate
C．advertise D．research
解析：根据前文“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上查询有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D。
2．A.annoyed B．surprised
C．scared D．excited
解析：根据后文“my worries had gone”可知，作者一开始很担忧。故选C。
3．A.arriving B．sleeping
C．thinking D．walking
解析：根据后文“Everyone was so __4__ and like minded”和“feel at home”可知，到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A。
4．A.confident B．friendly
C．energetic D．curious
解析：根据后文“and like minded”可知，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B。
5．A.funny B．good
C．lucky D．easy
解析：根据前文“Everyone was so __4__ and like minded”和后文“feel at home”可知，大家都很友好并且志趣相投，很容易感觉到家的温暖。故选D。
6．A.tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
解析：根据文章最后一句中的“for having taken part in the project”可知，此处指当志愿者的项目，为project的原词复现。故选B。
7．A.drop B．make
C．carry D．buy
解析：根据后文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要携带必需品走。故选C。
8．A.build B．test
C．clean D．guard
解析：根据后文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions”可知，作者的工作是在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯。故选A。
9．A.helped B．ended
C．allowed D．meant
解析：根据后文“climbing up and down”可知，修建阶梯意味着作者他们需要爬上爬下。故选D。
10．A.hunted B．trained
C．seen D．fed
解析：根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过狮子。故选C。
11．A.satisfaction B．ambition
C．expectation D．intention
解析：根据前文“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，作者修的台阶成型了，作者感到很满意。故选A。
12．A.left B．caught
C．attacked D．separated
解析：根据后文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B。
13．A.boiling B．average
C．normal D．freezing
解析：根据后文“trembling”可知，温度很低。close to freezing “接近冰点”。故选D。
14．A.tidy B．dry
C．new D．soft
解析：根据前文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B。
15．A.survived B．resisted
C．escaped D．recovered
解析：根据后文“I think I am much stronger for having taken part in the project.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来。故选A。
Ⅲ 语法填空
Dear Dad，
On this date of your 50th birthday, Mom gave me the letter you wrote to me when I was born 18 years ago. In your letter, you __1__ (wish) me to be strong minded and successful. You were looking forward to __2__ (see) me fight for my future bravely and do well for __3__ (me) and others.
After reading this letter, I feel quite __4__ (shock) at your __5__ (expect) on me. I also feel shamed of not having performed well __6__ (meet) your demand. I still remember when I was in primary school, I failed to apply myself to studying. I was addicted to computer games. As a consequence, I soon became the last one in my class. You didn't abuse me at all. __7__ the contrary, you taught me that studying was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me to study hard. Only __8__ I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly at that time and you were so sad to see I didn't do well for myself.
I can't help expressing my gratitude and sending my best wishes to you. Wish you __9__ (health) and happy. I promise that I will spare no effort to satisfy your demand of being __10__ brave and successful person.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。女儿在爸爸生日时写给爸爸一封信，表达了自己的忏悔和对爸爸的感激之情，并保证自己会不遗余力地成为一个勇敢并且成功的人。
1．答案：wished
解析：考查动词的时态。根据上文“when I was born 18 years ago”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wished。
2．答案：seeing
解析：考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth “期待做某事”，为固定搭配。故填seeing。
3．答案：myself
解析：考查代词。根据me可知，此处应用反身代词作宾语。故填myself。
4．答案：shocked
解析：考查词性转换。系动词feel后应用形容词作表语。故填shocked。
5．答案：expectation
解析：考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词your后应用名词。故填expectation。
6．答案：to meet
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。
7．答案：On
解析：考查介词。句意：相反，你教会我学习是当下最重要的目标，并鼓励我努力学习。on the contrary “相反”，为固定搭配，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填On。
8．答案：when
解析：考查状语从句的连接词。句意：直到我读了你的信，我才意识到我当时的行为如此恶劣，而你看到我做得不好感到非常难过。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。
9．答案：healthy
解析：考查词性转换。此处and连接并列成分，根据happy可知，设空处应用形容词。故填healthy。
10．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。此处应用不定冠词a修饰person，表示泛指，且brave的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
Ⅳ 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er ... What ... What do you really want to do in the beautiful future？”
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts What if he gets angry What if I let him down？” Later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.”
I guessed this may not be the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea！” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
“Are you serious, Dad？”
“Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.”
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coast. We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let's see if we get lucky，” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while. Then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this，” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck.
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there！”
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者不愿跟随自己的父亲做一名律师，而且提出了自己想做作家的想法，父亲竟然同意了。随后作者跟随父亲一同去海边抓螃蟹，作者看到螃蟹克服重重困难从斗争中活了下来，明白了什么？作者是如何为实现梦想而努力的？
[精彩范文]
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there！” Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoys and hold on to it.
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to schoolwork, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literary journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
