英语 选择性必修 第四册[WY]
第六单元检测卷
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
较易题(占比60%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比10%)
题型 听力 阅读 七选五 完形填空 语法填空 应用文写作 读后续写
A B C D
难度 ★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ ★★ ★★★
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
扫一扫·听录音
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
M：Where are we now I can't tell what road this is. W：We're heading for the US, but we're still in Canada. And we're quite a long distance from Mexico.
1．Where are the two speakers
A．In Canada. B．In the US.
C．In Mexico.
答案：A
Text 2
W：What a fine day! Shall we go hiking this early spring morning M：Mom won't let us. We have to take care of little Jenny after we finish our homework.
2．What's the relationship between the two speakers
A．Classmates. B．Friends.
C．Brother and sister.
答案：C
Text 3
W：Dad, I want to be a nurse when I grow up. M：A nurse Your aunt has been a nurse for 20 years and she loves it. When your grandma wasn't well, she knew how to take care of her.
3．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A．Careers. B．Health problems.
C．Types of hospitals.
答案：A
Text 4
W：I need to return these books today. Do you want to come with me M：No. The downtown library doesn't open on Sundays. I'd rather go tomorrow so I can check some new books for myself.
4．When does the man want to go to the library
A．On Saturday. B．On Sunday.
C．On Monday.
答案：C
Text 5
W：That is a beautiful painting, Jerry! Where did you buy it M：Actually, I made it. I've been taking art classes for the past year. W：Really That's amazing! I had no idea you were so talented. This looks like it was painted by a professional.
5．How does the woman respond to the man
A．She is disappointed. B．She is impressed.
C．She is indifferent.
答案：B
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M：Check out my pet! He is a German shepherd. W：Aw! He's so cute! What's his name M：I named him Luke after my favorite movie character, Luke Skywalker. W：Great name! I am surprised you didn't name him Harry after your favorite book character. M：He's really fast, and that's why I named him Luke. If I had an older dog, I would name him Yoda. W：How old is he M：Only four months old.
6．What is the dog's name
A．Harry. B．Yoda.
C．Luke.
答案：C
7.What is the dog like
A．Young and fast. B．Old and loyal.
C．Big and scary.
答案：A
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
Text 7
W：Professor, could you give me some suggestions about how to introduce myself before giving a speech M：OK. First, greet the audience and then state your name. As you say hello and give your name, remember to speak clearly and confidently. W：Should I speak as loudly as possible M：Not exactly. It depends on the environment and the audience. You just need to make sure that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you. W：Thanks. And next M：Share some relevant information about yourself. The sort of information you share will depend on the audience and what you'll be talking about. W：I understand. M：And then, before you start the speech, thank your audience for being there. W：Thank you very much. I have learned a lot from you.
8．What is the first thing you should do before giving a speech
A．Greeting the audience.
B．Stating your name.
C．Sharing some relevant information.
答案：A
9.What may NOT help you decide on the sort of information you share
A．The audience. B．The subject.
C．The environment.
答案：B
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
Text 8
W：Bob, did you finish your part of the research over the weekend M：It was still on the top of my to do list. W：I bet you spent the whole weekend watching videos on YouTube and shopping. M：What That's unfair and untrue, Alice. Apart from watching videos and shopping, I even explored the Mars, of course in my dream! W：Bob! Be serious! If I'd known you weren't going to do it, I'd have asked our science teacher for another partner. M：I do feel sorry for that. I shouldn't spend much time on the screen rather than urgent things. W：The deadline is coming. Turn off your digital products and get down to your tasks, Bob. M：Sounds great.
10．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Neighbors.
C．Colleagues.
答案：A
11．How does the man sound in the conversation
A．Curious. B．Grateful.
C．Humorous.
答案：C
12．What will the man probably do next
A．Watch videos. B．Do the research.
C．Explore the Mars.
答案：B
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
Text 9
W：May I help you M：Yes, madam. I'd like to buy some flowers. W：Do you want to give them to your girlfriend M：No, to my wife. God knows that ladies like flowers. W：Today is Valentine's Day. That must be why you want them. Just one day of the year. M：Not exactly. I get them for her birthday, and for all kinds of weird anniversaries. W：But not on April Fool's Day, right M：Ha ha, right. Oh, and by the way, I want some more for my mother. Tomorrow is her birthday. W：How about these Purple seems popular with mothers. M：Not with mine. Do you have any other color W：How about blue or these green ones They are fresh and bright. M：All right! I will take these green ones and go to the supermarket for some chocolate. W：There is one just across from the bookstore. Here you are! Please come again. M：Thanks! Bye!
13．When will the man NOT buy flowers for his wife
A．On her birthday. B．On Valentine's Day.
C．On April Fool's Day.
答案：C
14．When is the man's mother's birthday
A．The day before Valentine's Day.
B．On Valentine's Day.
C．The day after Valentine's Day.
答案：C
15．What color does the man choose for his mother
A．Blue. B．Green.
C．Purple.
答案：B
16．Where is the man going next
A．A bookstore. B．A supermarket.
C．Another flower store.
答案：B
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
Text 10
This is Radiolab. Here are the short news items. In September, the US scientific satellite MAVEN entered an orbit around Mars, with the mission of learning what happened on the Red Planet's atmosphere and water. MAVEN's principal investigator Bruce Jakosky says scientists now know that Mars once had a much denser atmosphere and that it has changed significantly over the last few billion years. What they still don't know is how and why that happened. Scientists have been experimenting with four legged robots for years, trying to see if they could be used as pack animals for carrying heavy loads over a difficult terrain. But the machine's power requirements limited their potential. That's changed, with a running robot designed by a group of engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology that operates on batteries rather than heavy gasoline powered engines. People often blame Hollywood movies, US television shows and fast food for spreading American culture around the world. But a college entrance exam Some people are criticizing planned changes to the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT, as an attempt to spread American values to students overseas. Since 2016, the SAT has required test takers to read from parts of the US Constitution, the Declaration of Independence or other historical documents.
17．Why was scientific satellite MAVEN sent to space
A．To explore what occurred to the natural environment on Mars.
B．To confirm that Mars has a much thicker atmosphere now.
C．To have access to an orbit to circle around the Red Planet.
答案：A
18．What is scientists' latest research on robots
A．Robots that are less expensive to build.
B．Robots that can run quickly on four legs.
C．Robots that have greater load capacity.
答案：C
19．What is the SAT accused of
A．Its tough demands on overseas students.
B．Its attempt to spread American culture.
C．Its exclusion of American values.
答案：B
20．Which of the following is not mentioned in the news items
A．Space. B．Agriculture.
C．Education.
答案：B
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
ASTRONAUT CAMP—FLORIDA
Have you ever wanted to step into the shoes of an astronaut and experience rocket flight and cosmic (宇宙的) exploration On this journey to Florida you will come as close as possible to this experience without actually traveling into space.
Part 1—Visit the Planetarium (天文馆)
From traditional star displays and cultural shows that detail the importance of astronomy around the world, to feature presentations that show the depths of outer space, the planetarium has something for curious stargazers of all ages.
Part 2—Take Part in Mission Space
What's it like to be an astronaut You'll find out on Mission SPACE! Before you board, you'll train for your mission on the X 2 Deep Space Shuttle at the International Space Training Center (ISTC). Each member of your 4 cadet (学员) crew will assume an important role: navigator, pilot, commander or engineer.
Part 3—Lunch with an Astronaut
This 90 minute encounter at the Space Center in Cape features a buffet style lunch along with a personalized presentation from one of celebrated astronauts. At the end of the event, there's a brief question and answer session, plus time for family photos with the astronaut. Astronauts describe what it's like to live in space—eating, exercising, sleeping and training. No topic is off limits.
Part 4—Experience Rocket Flight
Enter the Shuttle Launch Experience, and recreate the feeling of a space shot in real time, from the launch pad (发射台) to orbit. Adjust before six seconds, the main engines fire up, and as the speakers say “3, 2, 1 ...” the rocket launches.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了来自佛罗里达的太空营体验项目。
21．What does Mission Space include
A．Experiencing a space shot.
B．Preparing for a space mission.
C．Learning how to train your crew.
D．Seeing the depth of outer space.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Part 2—Take Part in Mission Space部分中的“Before you board ... the International Space Training Center (ISTC)．(在你登机之前，你将在国际空间训练中心的X 2深空航天飞机上接受任务训练。)”可知，Mission Space包括为太空任务做准备。故选B。
22．In which part can you ask astronauts questions
A．At the Planetarium.
B．On Mission SPACE.
C．At Lunch with an Astronaut.
D．In the Shuttle Launch Experience.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Part 3—Lunch with an Astronaut部分中的“At the end of ... with the astronaut.”可知，在Lunch with an Astronaut部分能向宇航员提问。故选C。
23．What is the purpose of this journey
A．To show people modern star displays.
B．To train people to be future astronauts.
C．To provide some knowledge of planetarium.
D．To help people learn more about space travel.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever wanted to ... without actually traveling into space.”可推知，这场旅行的目的是帮助人们更多地了解太空旅行。故选D。
B
Those of us making grand travel plans might want to consider the final frontier as a destination. That's because Orbital Assembly Corporation, a new construction company run by former pilot John Blincow, is planning to open a luxury space hotel by 2027. Voyager Station, as it's being called, would accommodate 280 guests and 112 crew members while aiming to be the first commercial space hotel upon completion.
“We're trying to make the public realize that this golden age of space travel is just around the corner. It's coming.It's coming fast，” Blincow said in an interview. The golden age of space travel is coming indeed, as space tourism has drawn the attention of Richard Branson and Elon Musk. And it's the latter that Blincow and his team hope to partner in the near future. “We cannot call Musk's SpaceX our partner, but in the future we look forward to working with them，” Blincow said.
The physics involved in sleeping within a space hotel is similar to spinning water in a bucket. Much in the same way one can spin a bucket in a circle, keeping the water inside of it, the space hotel would simulate gravity in a similar manner. This makes comfortable rooms and stylish bar experiences possible.
But for many visitors who venture so far, feeling the weightlessness of space is a big part of the appeal. The team plans to serve traditional space food such as freeze dried ice cream in the hotel's restaurant. There are plans for recreational activities such as basketball games where participants can soar higher due to the weightlessness of the environment.
For now, the space hotel isn't commenting on its room rate, but comparing it to other proposed public space missions, it will come at a high cost. For example, Virgin Galactic plans to take ordinary passengers into space at $250，000 per person, per trip. The team at Voyager Station, however, has already assured the public that they plan to eventually make a stay at the hotel something similar to buying a cruise ticket.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了前飞行员John Blincow(约翰·布林考)经营的新建筑公司计划在2027年前开设一家豪华太空酒店以及该酒店的物理原理和对游客的吸引点。
24．What can we know about Voyager Station
A．It aims to train pilots.
B．It has been put into use.
C．It's the name of a spaceship.
D．It is still under construction.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“is planning to open a luxury space hotel by 2027. Voyager Station, as it's being called”可推知，“旅行者站”仍在建设中。故选D。
25．Why are Richard Branson and Elon Musk mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To show the popularity of them.
B．To stress the coming of space travel.
C．To list Blincow's partners at present.
D．To show examples of space agencies.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The golden age ... Richard Branson and Elon Musk.”可推知，第二段提到了Richard Branson (理查德·布兰森)和Elon Musk (埃隆·马斯克)是为了强调太空旅行即将到来。故选B。
26．The third paragraph focuses on ________．
A．stylish bars
B．water in a bucket
C．space travel experience
D．the physics involved in the space hotel
答案：D
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The physics involved ... water in a bucket.(在太空旅馆里睡觉的物理原理类似于在桶里旋转水。)”及下文对此原理的具体介绍可知，第三段重点介绍了太空旅馆的物理原理。故选D。
27．Which of the following may attract visitors greatly when living in the space hotel
A．Its price.
B．Its room rate.
C．Feeling the weightlessness of space.
D．Playing basketball games with famous players.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But for many visitors ... of the appeal.”可知，住在太空旅馆时，感受太空的失重状态可能会极大地吸引游客。故选C。
C
Almost everyone has a question or two about living in space. What is life really like in space And what do astronauts do there
Astronauts living in space have the same hygiene needs as people do on Earth. When they wake up, they wash their hair, brush their teeth and go to the bathroom as well. However, because of microgravity (微重力), astronauts take care of themselves in different ways. For example, they use a kind of special matter to wash their hair and leg restraints (腿部固定装置) to position themselves when they use the toilet.
Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Some food can be eaten in the natural form such as fruit. Other foods require adding water such as noodles. There are no fridges in space, so space food must be stored and prepared properly to avoid going bad.
Besides morning routine and eating in space, astronauts perform many tasks including checking the machines, updating computer equipment, etc. At the same time, the control center on Earth sends messages to the astronauts through voice or email with new instructions to assist them in their daily routines.
What's more, living in space is not just all work and no play. A popular way of relaxation is looking out of the window. And they can also enjoy themselves by watching movies, reading books, playing cards and talking to their families during their free time.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从卫生、饮食、工作等方面介绍了航天员在太空中是如何工作和生活的。
28．The underlined word “hygiene”in this passage probably means “________”．
A．diet B．health
C．mind D．technology
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“When they wake up ... as well.”可知，此处描述的是卫生方面的需求。由此可推知，画线词hygiene意为“卫生”。故选B。
29．Why do astronauts need leg restraints when they use the toilet
A．To help themselves walk faster.
B．To make themselves go around freely.
C．To help themselves jump up and down easily.
D．To stop themselves from floating around.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For example ... use the toilet.(例如，他们用一种特殊的物质洗头发，当他们使用厕所时，用腿部固定装置来固定自己的位置。)”可推知，航天员用腿部固定装置来防止自己漂浮。故选D。
30．What's the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Eating in space.
B．Exercises in space.
C．Relaxing in space.
D．Working in space.
答案：D
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Besides morning routine ... updating computer equipment, etc.”可知，第四段介绍了航天员在太空中的工作。故选D。
31．From this passage, we learn that ________ .
A．life in space is exactly the same as life on Earth
B．living in space is different but interesting
C．astronauts have little free time in space
D．astronauts are always busy working in space
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了航天员在太空中的生活及工作，尤其根据最后一段中的“And they can ... their free time.”可推知，太空生活虽然与地球生活不同，但也很有趣。故选B。
D
Scientists have long believed that Mars was wet around three billion years ago and then lost much of its water. But a new study presents evidence of water activity from about 700 million years ago, posing a new puzzle about Mars and its history for scientists to crack in their future studies.
The new study is based on data from China's Zhurong rover (“祝融号”火星车), part of the Tianwen 1 mission that touched down on the surface of Mars in May 2021. In particular, the scientists used data the rover gathered during its first 92 Martian days, at its landing site in Utopia Planitia. Liu Yang, a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), and his colleagues analyzed data from three different instruments on Zhurong. Those instruments studied minerals that suggest the presence of a large quantity of liquid water at the site about 700 million years ago, which scientists previously thought was dry.
“This is a very interesting result. We have very little recorded evidence of young liquid water systems on Mars. And for the ones we have, they were usually in the form of salt minerals，” says Dr Scheller, a scientist at the California Institute of Technology. He explained Zhurong's instruments spotted water molecules locked away in the rock, which was different from other young liquid water environments that have been observed.
“One of the major things we'll have to find out and that I look forward to seeing from the Zhurong rover is how extensive these ‘young’ water bearing minerals are，” Dr Scheller said. “Are they common or uncommon in these ‘young’ rocks？” Zhurong has now covered about two kilometers during its more than 350 Martian days and has analyzed a range of features on its travels, meaning more new Martian insights are likely still to come from the rover.
NASA has so far sent its Mars rovers to ancient landing sites, dating back to more than 3.7 billion years ago. Zhurong is not just an extra set of wheels on Mars, but a powerful suite of instruments exploring a new, geologically young site to open new windows of opportunity for research on Mars.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家基于中国“祝融号”火星车收集的数据，对火星上大约7亿年前存在水活动的发现。
32．What does the underlined word “crack” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Keep. B．Doubt.
C．Solve. D．Create.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“posing a new puzzle about Mars and its history for scientists(给科学家们提出了一个关于火星及其历史的新难题)”可推知，这个新难题供科学家在未来的研究中解决。画线词crack意为“解决”，与solve同义。故选C。
33．What does the new study show according to Paragraph 2
A．The inaccuracy of data gathered on Mars.
B．Functional limitations of instruments on Mars.
C．Main reasons for the failure of the Tianwen 1 mission.
D．The misconception of past thinking about Martian water.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Liu Yang, a researcher ... which scientists previously thought was dry.(来自中国科学院(CAS)的研究员刘洋和他的同事分析了‘祝融号’上三种不同仪器的数据。这些仪器研究的矿物质表明，大约7亿年前，该地点存在大量液态水，而科学家此前认为那里是干燥的。)”可知，科学家过去对火星水存在的认识是错误的。故选D。
34．Which of the following does Dr Scheller convey
A．The result has been recorded by many scientists.
B．Zhurong's wide analyses will bring more surprises.
C．Salt minerals are younger than water bearing minerals.
D．Young water bearing minerals are common in young rocks.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘One of the major things ... ‘young’ rocks？’(‘我们必须弄清楚的一件重要事情是，这些‘年轻的’含水矿物有多广泛，这也是我期待从祝融号火星车上看到的，’Scheller (舍勒)博士说。‘它们在这些‘年轻的’岩石中是常见的还是不常见的？’)”可推知，Scheller博士相信祝融号的进一步分析将会带来关于火星历史的更多新发现或“惊喜”。故选B。
35．Which word can best describe Zhurong
A．Ancient. B．Common.
C．Alarming. D．Promising.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Zhurong is not just ... for research on Mars.(祝融号火星车不仅是火星上的一组额外的轮子，而且是一套强大的仪器，它可以探索一个新的、地质年轻的地点，为火星研究打开新的机会之窗。)”可推知，祝融号火星车是有前景的。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When Did the First Stars Shine
Our universe is home to countless galaxies (银河), with each galaxy hosting hundreds of billions of stars. Each one is a ball of energies powered by the nuclear explosion of elements in their hearts. __36__ But when did the first stars shine
Billions of years ago, there was a time before stars or before lights, called the Dark Ages. There used to be not enough material of high densities (密度) to cause nuclear explosion. Without nuclear explosion, there were no stars. __37__ What ended the Dark Ages was the birth of the first stars, thought to be the Cosmic (宇宙) Dawn. And this marked the age of light in our universe. Stars began shining and galaxies started forming. Those first stars burned fiercely and died quickly. None of them survived to the present day. __38__ They shone so brightly that their light may still be visible today after traveling billions of light years.
Recently, a team of astronomers used 70 hours of observing time to take pictures of six extremely distant galaxies. __39__ They also calculated that the Cosmic Dawn started to burn between 250 and 350 million years after the Big Bang. That means it took a long time for the initial gas out of the Big Bang to cool and form the first generation of stars.
Hopefully, upcoming missions, like NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, will be able to directly observe those galaxies in greater detail. And some star mysteries will be disclosed. __40__ How long did it take for the first stars to live and die How did the stars transform the cosmic to give us the universe that we know today
A．Nevertheless, they left their mark.
B．Accordingly, there was no visible light either.
C．Each one also poured out light into the empty universe.
D．It was much darker than it is today with only a little light.
E．For example, when did the Cosmic Dawn exactly take place
F．Based on their observations, they were able to estimate the age of the galaxies.
G．They're so far away that we can't capture them even with powerful telescopes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了最初的星星是什么时候发光的。
36．答案：C
解析：根据上文“Each one is a ... in their hearts.”和下文“But when did the first stars shine？”可知，C项(每一个星系也都把光注入了空荡荡的宇宙。)承上启下，且C项中的“light”对应下文中的“shine”。故选C。
37．答案：B
解析：根据上文“Billions of years ago ... there were no stars.”可知，数十亿年前的一段黑暗时代，没有核爆炸，就没有恒星，B项(因此，也没有可见光。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选B。
38．答案：A
解析：根据上文“Those first stars ... the present day.”可知，第一批恒星猛烈燃烧，很快就消失了；下文“They shone ... billions of light years.”表明恒星燃烧发出的光在传播了数十亿光年后，我们还仍然可以看到，由此可知，A项(然而，它们留下了自己的印记。)承上启下，与上文构成转折关系；下文解释了它们的印记是什么。故选A。
39．答案：F
解析：根据上文“Recently, a team of ... extremely distant galaxies.(最近，一个天文学家小组用70小时的观测时间拍摄了六个非常遥远的星系的照片。)”可推知，此处应提到这个天文学家小组的观测结果，F项(根据观察，他们能够估计出星系的年龄。)符合语境。故选F。
40．答案：E
解析：根据上文“And some star mysteries will be disclosed.”可知，E项(例如，宇宙黎明究竟是什么时候发生的？)以问句形式对应上文中的“mysteries”，且与下文的疑问句构成并列关系。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my uncle brought home a parrot. My cousin and I called it Mitthu. My family were so __41__ strongly that they trimmed (剪掉) its wings. They said if it left home, it wouldn't __42__ outside without us.
As time went by, we grew and so did Mitthu. Its wings grew quite a lot. Mitthu wasn't kept in a cage. I sometimes wondered why it didn't __43__. Maybe it was quite attached to us and didn't want to leave us, or it didn't want to leave the luxurious life and __44__ the harsh reality of life.
As I grew older, I __45__ that Mitthu's life wasn't very different from mine. I was pampered (溺爱) and __46__ carefully. I was prohibited from really __47__ the outside world. My house became my whole world, which was like an invisible__48__ that had bound my spirit.
Now I'm sent out to study and told that I have the whole sky to fly, but __49__， just as Mitthu, I am not able to do so. Mitthu and I might be two different beings but we are __50__ in a similar situation. I am afraid of flying. I am afraid my behavior might hurt my parents' feelings. These emotions and __51__ will never really allow us to fly independently!
It's good for parents to love and __52__ their children, but, sometimes, over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future and __53__ children's decisions. True __54__ is to allow kids to grow freely and let them try __55__ things. Thus, they will be brimming with confidence and courage.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以鹦鹉被剪掉翅膀以后无法真正接触外界的例子引出自己的经历：父母的溺爱让作者无法真正成长，无法独立，以此劝诫父母要正确地爱，不要过度保护。
41．A.primitive B．extensive
C．aggressive D．possessive
答案：D
解析：primitive 原始的；extensive 广阔的，大量的；aggressive 有侵略性的；possessive 占有的，不愿分享的。根据下文“they trimmed (剪掉) its wings”可知，作者的家人占有欲太强。故选D。
42．A.survive B．escape
C．appear D．change
答案：A
解析：survive 生存；escape 逃跑；appear 出现；change 改变。根据上文“they trimmed (剪掉) its wings”可知，鹦鹉被剪掉了翅膀，所以离开家它就不能生存。故选A。
43．A.come around B．fly away
C．come back D．take shape
答案：B
解析：come around 苏醒；发生；fly away 飞走；come back 回来；take shape 成形 。根据上文“Mitthu wasn't kept in a cage.”可知，鹦鹉没有被关进笼子里，所以作者想知道它为什么不飞走。故选B。
44．A.ignore B．represent
C．shift D．face
答案：D
解析：ignore 忽视；represent 代表；shift 转移；face 面对。根据上文“it didn't want to leave the luxurious life”可知，此处指鹦鹉不想放弃奢华的生活，也不想面对残酷的生活现实。故选D。
45．A.realized B．expected
C．dismissed D．convinced
答案：A
解析：句意：随着年龄的增长，我意识到Mitthu和我的生活并没有太大的不同。realize 意识到；expect 期盼；dismiss 解雇；convince 使相信。故选A。
46．A.evaluated B．educated
C．tended D．exposed
答案：C
解析：句意：我被溺爱和细心照顾着。evaluate 评估；educate 教育；tend 照顾；趋向；expose 暴露。故选C。
47．A.keeping up with B．coming down to
C．breaking away from D．getting along with
答案：D
解析：keep up with 保持；come down to 归结为；break away from 脱离；离开；get along with 与……相处。根据下文“My house became my whole world”可知，作者被禁止与外界真正相处。故选D。
48．A.bunch B．cage
C．light D．cave
答案：B
解析：bunch 一束；cage 笼子；light 光；cave 洞穴。根据上文“Mitthu's life wasn't very different from mine”可知，作者和鹦鹉一样被困在一个看不见的笼子里。故选B。
49．A.rarely B．gradually
C．sadly D．violently
答案：C
解析：rarely 罕见地；gradually 逐渐地；sadly 悲伤地；violently 暴力地。根据下文“I am not able to do so”可知，作者不能在外面自由飞翔，所以感到很难过。故选C。
50．A.trapped B．frozen
C．hatched D．stored
答案：A
解析：trap 使陷于(尤指危险之地)；freeze 结冰；hatch 孵出；store 储存。根据上下文语境和“in a similar situation”可知，作者和Mitthu有着同样的境遇，都一直待在看不见的笼子里，被相似的境地所困。故选A。
51．A.strength B．sympathy
C．commitment D．attachment
答案：D
解析：句意：这些情感和依恋永远不会让我们真正地独立飞翔！strength 力量；sympathy 同情；commitment 忠诚；attachment 依恋。故选D。
52．A.adopt B．ban
C．protect D．entertain
答案：C
解析：adopt 领养；ban 禁止；protect 保护；entertain 娱乐。根据上文“love”和下文“over protectiveness”可知，此处指父母保护孩子。故选C。
53．A.influence B．support
C．forecast D．comprise
答案：A
解析：influence 影响；support 支持；forecast 预测；comprise 包含。根据上文“over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future”可知，父母的过度保护可能会伤害孩子的未来，影响孩子的决定。故选A。
54．A.harmony B．love
C．freedom D．equality
答案：B
解析：harmony 和谐；love 爱；freedom 自由；equality 平等。根据上文“sometimes, over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future and __53__ children's decisions”可知，此处说明真正的爱是什么样的。故选B。
55．A.humble B．different
C．unique D．intense
答案：B
解析：humble 谦逊的；different 不同的；unique 独特的；intense 强烈的。根据上文“to allow kids to grow freely”可知，真正的爱是让孩子自由成长，让他们尝试不同的事物。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China plans to expand its space station to six modules (舱) from three in coming years, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology said on Wednesday.
The space station will play __56__ important role as “space home port”， __57__ (provide) an alternative platform for near Earth missions as the International Space Station (ISS) nears the end of its lifespan (寿命). The ISS __58__ (expect) to be decommissioned (退役) after 2030. The lifetime of the Chinese space station will be more than 15 years. It is longer than the 10 years the country __59__ (previous) announced.
China's self built space station, also __60__ (know) as Tiangong, or Sky Palace in Chinese, has been __61__ full operation since late 2022. And it hosts a maximum of three astronauts at an orbital altitude of up to 450 kilometers.
It will have a weight of 180 tonnes after expansion, about 40 percent of the mass of the ISS, __62__ has been in orbit for over two decades.
Regarding the expansion, another module is also in the plan. Other plans, including the development of large space telescopes, 3D printers, intelligent robots __63__ a warning system, are also underway.
Chinese state media said last year that China would be matchless as the ISS was approaching __64__ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several countries __65__ (send) their astronauts to the Chinese station.
56．______ 57.______ 58.______ 59.______ 60．______ 61.______ 62.______ 63.______ 64．______ 65.______
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国计划在未来几年内将“天宫”空间站从三个舱扩展到六个舱，为宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。
56．答案：an
解析：考查冠词。play a ... role意为“发挥……作用”，为固定搭配，且important的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
57．答案：providing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语will play，设空处应用非谓语形式。provide与其逻辑主语The space station之间为主动关系，且表示理所应当的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填providing。
58．答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。be expected to do sth意为“预计/被期待做某事”，expect与主语The ISS之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语是单数。故填is expected。
59．答案：previously
解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词announced。故填previously。
60．答案：known
解析：考查非谓语动词。know与space station之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 故填known。
61．答案：in
解析：考查介词。in operation “在运行中”，为固定短语。故填in。
62．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
63．答案：and
解析：考查连词。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词of的宾语，应用and连接。故填and。
64．答案：retirement
解析：考查词性转换。此处作动词approaching的宾语，应用名词。故填retirement。
65．答案：to send
解析：考查非谓语动词。be requested to do sth “被请求做某事”，此处应用不定式作主语补足语。故填to send。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是新华中学学生会主席李华，你校将举办“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛。请给外教David写一封邮件邀请他来做评委。内容包括：
1．演讲相关信息(时间、地点等)；
2．询问对方的意向。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David，
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear David，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of Xinhua Middle School. Delighted and privileged, I am writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest, Telling China's Stories Well in English.
Aimed at spreading glorious Chinese history and cultivating national confidence, the speech contest is due to take place in our school auditorium on Dec. 15th. It starts at 9：00 am and will last for about 2 hours. Nine contestants will compete in the final, each delivering two speeches, a prepared one and an impromptu one based on a topic chosen by the English teachers. The judges will score and comment on their performances at the end of the competition.
It would be our greatest honor if you could accept our invitation and get your time spared. If you have any more questions, feel free to call me at 1234567. Looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross－country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross－country team. It just took him longer—that's all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。David (大卫)患有脑部疾病，但他表现得和正常孩子一样。在越野比赛前，他因担心受到嘲笑而犹豫是否参加比赛。作者作为了解他的老师，对他说了什么？当作者看到David在起跑线后，比赛中又发生了什么？
[精彩范文]
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He hung his head, trying to avoid eye contact with me. It was a tricky moment, calling for a good choice of words. Having thought it over, I mentioned some events which won people's praise for his determination and perseverance.His face began to lighten. He added that even the judges thumbed up at him. The whistle went off and the competitors began to take their places. To my joy, David slowly rose to his feet.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around. Pushing forward without balance, he was left behind. However, when he came into sight, the spectators burst into thunderous cheers and applause. Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.It turned out that he achieved his best record ever. Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future.
1(共106张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第六单元检测卷
第一部分
第二部分
第三部分
第四部分
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
3
4
第一部分
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
较易题(占比60%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比10%)
题型 听力 阅读 七选五 完形填空 语法填空 应用 文写作 读后续写
A B C D 难度 ★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ ★★ ★★★
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
1．Where are the two speakers
A．In Canada. B．In the US.
C．In Mexico.
M：Where are we now I can't tell what road this is.
W：We're heading for the US, but we're still in Canada. And we're quite a long distance from Mexico.
Text 2
2．What's the relationship between the two speakers
A．Classmates. B．Friends.
C．Brother and sister.
W：What a fine day! Shall we go hiking this early spring morning
M：Mom won't let us. We have to take care of little Jenny after we finish our homework.
Text 3
3．What are the speakers mainly discussing
A．Careers. B．Health problems.
C．Types of hospitals.
W：Dad, I want to be a nurse when I grow up.
M：A nurse Your aunt has been a nurse for 20 years and she loves it. When your grandma wasn't well, she knew how to take care of her.
Text 4
4．When does the man want to go to the library
A．On Saturday. B．On Sunday.
C．On Monday.
W：I need to return these books today. Do you want to come with me
M：No. The downtown library doesn't open on Sundays. I'd rather go tomorrow so I can check some new books for myself.
Text 5
5．How does the woman respond to the man
A．She is disappointed. B．She is impressed.
C．She is indifferent.
W：That is a beautiful painting, Jerry! Where did you buy it
M：Actually, I made it. I've been taking art classes for the past year.
W：Really That's amazing! I had no idea you were so talented. This looks like it was painted by a professional.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M：Check out my pet! He is a German shepherd.
W：Aw! He's so cute! What's his name
M：I named him Luke after my favorite movie character, Luke Skywalker.
W：Great name! I am surprised you didn't name him Harry after your favorite book character.
M：He's really fast, and that's why I named him Luke. If I had an older dog, I would name him Yoda.
W：How old is he
M：Only four months old.
6．What is the dog's name
A．Harry. B．Yoda.
C．Luke.
7.What is the dog like
A．Young and fast. B．Old and loyal.
C．Big and scary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
Text 7
W：Professor, could you give me some suggestions about how to introduce myself before giving a speech
M：OK. First, greet the audience and then state your name. As you say hello and give your name, remember to speak clearly and confidently.
W：Should I speak as loudly as possible
M：Not exactly. It depends on the environment and the audience. You just need to make sure that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you.
W：Thanks. And next
M：Share some relevant information about yourself. The sort of information you share will depend on the audience and what you'll be talking about.
W：I understand.
M：And then, before you start the speech, thank your audience for being there.
W：Thank you very much. I have learned a lot from you.
8．What is the first thing you should do before giving a speech
A．Greeting the audience.
B．Stating your name.
C．Sharing some relevant information.
9.What may NOT help you decide on the sort of information you share
A．The audience. B．The subject.
C．The environment.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
Text 8
W：Bob, did you finish your part of the research over the weekend
M：It was still on the top of my to do list.
W：I bet you spent the whole weekend watching videos on YouTube and shopping.
M：What That's unfair and untrue, Alice. Apart from watching videos and shopping, I even explored the Mars, of course in my dream!
W：Bob! Be serious! If I'd known you weren't going to do it, I'd have asked our science teacher for another partner.
M：I do feel sorry for that. I shouldn't spend much time on the screen rather than urgent things.
W：The deadline is coming. Turn off your digital products and get down to your tasks, Bob.
M：Sounds great.
10．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates. B．Neighbors.
C．Colleagues.
11．How does the man sound in the conversation
A．Curious. B．Grateful.
C．Humorous.
12．What will the man probably do next
A．Watch videos. B．Do the research.
C．Explore the Mars.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
Text 9
W：May I help you
M：Yes, madam. I'd like to buy some flowers.
W：Do you want to give them to your girlfriend
M：No, to my wife. God knows that ladies like flowers.
W：Today is Valentine's Day. That must be why you want them. Just one day of the year.
M：Not exactly. I get them for her birthday, and for all kinds of weird anniversaries.
W：But not on April Fool's Day, right
M：Ha ha, right. Oh, and by the way, I want some more for my mother. Tomorrow is her birthday.
W：How about these Purple seems popular with mothers.
M：Not with mine. Do you have any other color
W：How about blue or these green ones They are fresh and bright.
M：All right! I will take these green ones and go to the supermarket for some chocolate.
W：There is one just across from the bookstore. Here you are! Please come again.
M：Thanks! Bye!
13．When will the man NOT buy flowers for his wife
A．On her birthday. B．On Valentine's Day.
C．On April Fool‘s Day.
14．When is the man's mother's birthday
A．The day before Valentine's Day.
B．On Valentine's Day.
C．The day after Valentine's Day.
15．What color does the man choose for his mother
A．Blue. B．Green.
C．Purple.
16．Where is the man going next
A．A bookstore. B．A supermarket.
C．Another flower store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
Text 10
This is Radiolab. Here are the short news items.
In September, the US scientific satellite MAVEN entered an orbit around Mars, with the mission of learning what happened on the Red Planet's atmosphere and water. MAVEN's principal investigator Bruce Jakosky says scientists now know that Mars once had a much denser atmosphere and that it has changed significantly over the last few billion years. What they still don't know is how and why that happened.
Scientists have been experimenting with four legged robots for years, trying to see if they could be used as pack animals for carrying heavy loads over a difficult terrain. But the machine's power requirements limited their potential. That's changed, with a running robot designed by a group of engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology that operates on batteries rather than heavy gasoline powered engines.
People often blame Hollywood movies, US television shows and fast food for spreading American culture around the world. But a college entrance exam Some people are criticizing planned changes to the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT, as an attempt to spread American values to students overseas. Since 2016, the SAT has required test takers to read from parts of the US Constitution, the Declaration of Independence or other historical documents.
17．Why was scientific satellite MAVEN sent to space
A．To explore what occurred to the natural environment on Mars.
B．To confirm that Mars has a much thicker atmosphere now.
C．To have access to an orbit to circle around the Red Planet.
18．What is scientists' latest research on robots
A．Robots that are less expensive to build.
B．Robots that can run quickly on four legs.
C．Robots that have greater load capacity.
19．What is the SAT accused of
A．Its tough demands on overseas students.
B．Its attempt to spread American culture.
C．Its exclusion of American values.
20．Which of the following is not mentioned in the news items
A．Space. B．Agriculture.
C．Education.
第二部分
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
ASTRONAUT CAMP—FLORIDA
Have you ever wanted to step into the shoes of an astronaut and experience rocket flight and cosmic (宇宙的) exploration On this journey to Florida you will come as close as possible to this experience without actually traveling into space.
Part 1—Visit the Planetarium (天文馆)
From traditional star displays and cultural shows that detail the importance of astronomy around the world, to feature presentations that show the depths of outer space, the planetarium has something for curious stargazers of all ages.
Part 2—Take Part in Mission Space
What's it like to be an astronaut You'll find out on Mission SPACE! Before you board, you'll train for your mission on the X 2 Deep Space Shuttle at the International Space Training Center (ISTC). Each member of your 4 cadet (学员) crew will assume an important role: navigator, pilot, commander or engineer.
Part 3—Lunch with an Astronaut
This 90 minute encounter at the Space Center in Cape features a buffet style lunch along with a personalized presentation from one of celebrated astronauts. At the end of the event, there's a brief question and answer session, plus time for family photos with the astronaut. Astronauts describe what it's like to live in space—eating, exercising, sleeping and training. No topic is off limits.
Part 4—Experience Rocket Flight
Enter the Shuttle Launch Experience, and recreate the feeling of a space shot in real time, from the launch pad (发射台) to orbit. Adjust before six seconds, the main engines fire up, and as the speakers say “3, 2, 1 ...” the rocket launches.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了来自佛罗里达的太空营体验项目。
21．What does Mission Space include
A．Experiencing a space shot.
B．Preparing for a space mission.
C．Learning how to train your crew.
D．Seeing the depth of outer space.
解析：细节理解题。根据Part 2—Take Part in Mission Space部分中的“Before you board ... the International Space Training Center (ISTC)．(在你登机之前，你将在国际空间训练中心的X 2深空航天飞机上接受任务训练。)”可知，Mission Space包括为太空任务做准备。故选B。
22．In which part can you ask astronauts questions
A．At the Planetarium.
B．On Mission SPACE.
C．At Lunch with an Astronaut.
D．In the Shuttle Launch Experience.
解析：细节理解题。根据Part 3—Lunch with an Astronaut部分中的“At the end of ... with the astronaut.”可知，在Lunch with an Astronaut部分能向宇航员提问。故选C。
23．What is the purpose of this journey
A．To show people modern star displays.
B．To train people to be future astronauts.
C．To provide some knowledge of planetarium.
D．To help people learn more about space travel.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever wanted to ... without actually traveling into space.”可推知，这场旅行的目的是帮助人们更多地了解太空旅行。故选D。
B
Those of us making grand travel plans might want to consider the final frontier as a destination. That's because Orbital Assembly Corporation, a new construction company run by former pilot John Blincow, is planning to open a luxury space hotel by 2027. Voyager Station, as it's being called, would accommodate 280 guests and 112 crew members while aiming to be the first commercial space hotel upon completion.
“We're trying to make the public realize that this golden age of space travel is just around the corner. It's coming.It's coming fast，” Blincow said in an interview. The golden age of space travel is coming indeed, as space tourism has drawn the attention of Richard Branson and Elon Musk. And it's the latter that Blincow and his team hope to partner in the near future. “We cannot call Musk's SpaceX our partner, but in the future we look forward to working with them，” Blincow said.
The physics involved in sleeping within a space hotel is similar to spinning water in a bucket. Much in the same way one can spin a bucket in a circle, keeping the water inside of it, the space hotel would simulate gravity in a similar manner. This makes comfortable rooms and stylish bar experiences possible.
But for many visitors who venture so far, feeling the weightlessness of space is a big part of the appeal. The team plans to serve traditional space food such as freeze dried ice cream in the hotel's restaurant. There are plans for recreational activities such as basketball games where participants can soar higher due to the weightlessness of the environment.
For now, the space hotel isn't commenting on its room rate, but comparing it to other proposed public space missions, it will come at a high cost. For example, Virgin Galactic plans to take ordinary passengers into space at $250，000 per person, per trip. The team at Voyager Station, however, has already assured the public that they plan to eventually make a stay at the hotel something similar to buying a cruise ticket.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了前飞行员John Blincow(约翰·布林考)经营的新建筑公司计划在2027年前开设一家豪华太空酒店以及该酒店的物理原理和对游客的吸引点。
24．What can we know about Voyager Station
A．It aims to train pilots.
B．It has been put into use.
C．It's the name of a spaceship.
D．It is still under construction.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“is planning to open a luxury space hotel by 2027. Voyager Station, as it's being called”可推知，“旅行者站”仍在建设中。故选D。
25．Why are Richard Branson and Elon Musk mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To show the popularity of them.
B．To stress the coming of space travel.
C．To list Blincow's partners at present.
D．To show examples of space agencies.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The golden age ... Richard Branson and Elon Musk.”可推知，第二段提到了Richard Branson (理查德·布兰森)和Elon Musk (埃隆·马斯克)是为了强调太空旅行即将到来。故选B。
26．The third paragraph focuses on ________．
A．stylish bars
B．water in a bucket
C．space travel experience
D．the physics involved in the space hotel
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The physics involved ... water in a bucket.(在太空旅馆里睡觉的物理原理类似于在桶里旋转水。)”及下文对此原理的具体介绍可知，第三段重点介绍了太空旅馆的物理原理。故选D。
27．Which of the following may attract visitors greatly when living in the space hotel
A．Its price.
B．Its room rate.
C．Feeling the weightlessness of space.
D．Playing basketball games with famous players.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But for many visitors ... of the appeal.”可知，住在太空旅馆时，感受太空的失重状态可能会极大地吸引游客。故选C。
C
Almost everyone has a question or two about living in space. What is life really like in space And what do astronauts do there
Astronauts living in space have the same hygiene needs as people do on Earth. When they wake up, they wash their hair, brush their teeth and go to the bathroom as well. However, because of microgravity (微重力), astronauts take care of themselves in different ways. For example, they use a kind of special matter to wash their hair and leg restraints (腿部固定装置) to position themselves when they use the toilet.
Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Some food can be eaten in the natural form such as fruit. Other foods require adding water such as noodles. There are no fridges in space, so space food must be stored and prepared properly to avoid going bad.
Besides morning routine and eating in space, astronauts perform many tasks including checking the machines, updating computer equipment, etc. At the same time, the control center on Earth sends messages to the astronauts through voice or email with new instructions to assist them in their daily routines.
What's more, living in space is not just all work and no play. A popular way of relaxation is looking out of the window. And they can also enjoy themselves by watching movies, reading books, playing cards and talking to their families during their free time.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从卫生、饮食、工作等方面介绍了航天员在太空中是如何工作和生活的。
28．The underlined word “hygiene”in this passage probably means “________”．
A．diet B．health
C．mind D．technology
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“When they wake up ... as well.”可知，此处描述的是卫生方面的需求。由此可推知，画线词hygiene意为“卫生”。故选B。
29．Why do astronauts need leg restraints when they use the toilet
A．To help themselves walk faster.
B．To make themselves go around freely.
C．To help themselves jump up and down easily.
D．To stop themselves from floating around.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For example ... use the toilet.(例如，他们用一种特殊的物质洗头发，当他们使用厕所时，用腿部固定装置来固定自己的位置。)”可推知，航天员用腿部固定装置来防止自己漂浮。故选D。
30．What's the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Eating in space.
B．Exercises in space.
C．Relaxing in space.
D．Working in space.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Besides morning routine ... updating computer equipment, etc.”可知，第四段介绍了航天员在太空中的工作。故选D。
31．From this passage, we learn that ________ .
A．life in space is exactly the same as life on Earth
B．living in space is different but interesting
C．astronauts have little free time in space
D．astronauts are always busy working in space
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了航天员在太空中的生活及工作，尤其根据最后一段中的“And they can ... their free time.”可推知，太空生活虽然与地球生活不同，但也很有趣。故选B。
D
Scientists have long believed that Mars was wet around three billion years ago and then lost much of its water. But a new study presents evidence of water activity from about 700 million years ago, posing a new puzzle about Mars and its history for scientists to crack in their future studies.
The new study is based on data from China's Zhurong rover (“祝融号”火星车), part of the Tianwen 1 mission that touched down on the surface of Mars in May 2021. In particular, the scientists used data the rover gathered during its first 92 Martian days, at its landing site in Utopia Planitia. Liu Yang, a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), and his colleagues analyzed data from three different instruments on Zhurong. Those instruments studied minerals that suggest the presence of a large quantity of liquid water at the site about 700 million years ago, which scientists previously thought was dry.
“This is a very interesting result. We have very little recorded evidence of young liquid water systems on Mars. And for the ones we have, they were usually in the form of salt minerals，” says Dr Scheller, a scientist at the California Institute of Technology. He explained Zhurong's instruments spotted water molecules locked away in the rock, which was different from other young liquid water environments that have been observed.
“One of the major things we'll have to find out and that I look forward to seeing from the Zhurong rover is how extensive these ‘young’ water bearing minerals are，” Dr Scheller said. “Are they common or uncommon in these ‘young’ rocks？” Zhurong has now covered about two kilometers during its more than 350 Martian days and has analyzed a range of features on its travels, meaning more new Martian insights are likely still to come from the rover.
NASA has so far sent its Mars rovers to ancient landing sites, dating back to more than 3.7 billion years ago. Zhurong is not just an extra set of wheels on Mars, but a powerful suite of instruments exploring a new, geologically young site to open new windows of opportunity for research on Mars.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家基于中国“祝融号”火星车收集的数据，对火星上大约7亿年前存在水活动的发现。
32．What does the underlined word “crack” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Keep. B．Doubt.
C．Solve. D．Create.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“posing a new puzzle about Mars and its history for scientists(给科学家们提出了一个关于火星及其历史的新难题)”可推知，这个新难题供科学家在未来的研究中解决。画线词crack意为“解决”，与solve同义。故选C。
33．What does the new study show according to Paragraph 2
A．The inaccuracy of data gathered on Mars.
B．Functional limitations of instruments on Mars.
C．Main reasons for the failure of the Tianwen 1 mission.
D．The misconception of past thinking about Martian water.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Liu Yang, a researcher ... which scientists previously thought was dry.(来自中国科学院(CAS)的研究员刘洋和他的同事分析了‘祝融号’上三种不同仪器的数据。这些仪器研究的矿物质表明，大约7亿年前，该地点存在大量液态水，而科学家此前认为那里是干燥的。)”可知，科学家过去对火星水存在的认识是错误的。故选D。
34．Which of the following does Dr Scheller convey
A．The result has been recorded by many scientists.
B．Zhurong's wide analyses will bring more surprises.
C．Salt minerals are younger than water bearing minerals.
D．Young water bearing minerals are common in young rocks.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘One of the major things ... ‘young’ rocks？’(‘我们必须弄清楚的一件重要事情是，这些‘年轻的’含水矿物有多广泛，这也是我期待从祝融号火星车上看到的，’Scheller (舍勒)博士说。‘它们在这些‘年轻的’岩石中是常见的还是不常见的？’)”可推知，Scheller博士相信祝融号的进一步分析将会带来关于火星历史的更多新发现或“惊喜”。故选B。
35．Which word can best describe Zhurong
A．Ancient. B．Common.
C．Alarming. D．Promising.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Zhurong is not just ... for research on Mars.(祝融号火星车不仅是火星上的一组额外的轮子，而且是一套强大的仪器，它可以探索一个新的、地质年轻的地点，为火星研究打开新的机会之窗。)”可推知，祝融号火星车是有前景的。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When Did the First Stars Shine
Our universe is home to countless galaxies (银河), with each galaxy hosting hundreds of billions of stars. Each one is a ball of energies powered by the nuclear explosion of elements in their hearts. __36__ But when did the first stars shine
Billions of years ago, there was a time before stars or before lights, called the Dark Ages. There used to be not enough material of high densities (密度) to cause nuclear explosion. Without nuclear explosion, there were no stars. __37__ What ended the Dark Ages was the birth of the first stars, thought to be the Cosmic (宇宙) Dawn. And this marked the age of light in our universe. Stars began shining and galaxies started forming. Those first stars burned fiercely and died quickly. None of them survived to the present day. __38__ They shone so brightly that their light may still be visible today after traveling billions of light years.
Recently, a team of astronomers used 70 hours of observing time to take pictures of six extremely distant galaxies. __39__ They also calculated that the Cosmic Dawn started to burn between 250 and 350 million years after the Big Bang. That means it took a long time for the initial gas out of the Big Bang to cool and form the first generation of stars.
Hopefully, upcoming missions, like NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, will be able to directly observe those galaxies in greater detail. And some star mysteries will be disclosed. __40__ How long did it take for the first stars to live and die How did the stars transform the cosmic to give us the universe that we know today
A．Nevertheless, they left their mark.
B．Accordingly, there was no visible light either.
C．Each one also poured out light into the empty universe.
D．It was much darker than it is today with only a little light.
E．For example, when did the Cosmic Dawn exactly take place
F．Based on their observations, they were able to estimate the age of the galaxies.
G．They're so far away that we can't capture them even with powerful telescopes.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了最初的星星是什么时候发光的。
36．答案：C
解析：根据上文“Each one is a ... in their hearts.”和下文“But when did the first stars shine？”可知，C项(每一个星系也都把光注入了空荡荡的宇宙。)承上启下，且C项中的“light”对应下文中的“shine”。故选C。
37．答案：B
解析：根据上文“Billions of years ago ... there were no stars.”可知，数十亿年前的一段黑暗时代，没有核爆炸，就没有恒星，B项(因此，也没有可见光。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选B。
38．答案：A
解析：根据上文“Those first stars ... the present day.”可知，第一批恒星猛烈燃烧，很快就消失了；下文“They shone ... billions of light years.”表明恒星燃烧发出的光在传播了数十亿光年后，我们还仍然可以看到，由此可知，A项(然而，它们留下了自己的印记。)承上启下，与上文构成转折关系；下文解释了它们的印记是什么。故选A。
39．答案：F
解析：根据上文“Recently, a team of ... extremely distant galaxies.(最近，一个天文学家小组用70小时的观测时间拍摄了六个非常遥远的星系的照片。)”可推知，此处应提到这个天文学家小组的观测结果，F项(根据观察，他们能够估计出星系的年龄。)符合语境。故选F。
40．答案：E
解析：根据上文“And some star mysteries will be disclosed.”可知，E项(例如，宇宙黎明究竟是什么时候发生的？)以问句形式对应上文中的“mysteries”，且与下文的疑问句构成并列关系。故选E。
第三部分
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my uncle brought home a parrot. My cousin and I called it Mitthu. My family were so __41__ strongly that they trimmed (剪掉) its wings. They said if it left home, it wouldn't __42__ outside without us.
As time went by, we grew and so did Mitthu. Its wings grew quite a lot. Mitthu wasn't kept in a cage. I sometimes wondered why it didn't __43__. Maybe it was quite attached to us and didn't want to leave us, or it didn't want to leave the luxurious life and __44__ the harsh reality of life.
As I grew older, I __45__ that Mitthu's life wasn't very different from mine. I was pampered (溺爱) and __46__ carefully. I was prohibited from really __47__ the outside world. My house became my whole world, which was like an invisible__48__ that had bound my spirit.
Now I'm sent out to study and told that I have the whole sky to fly, but __49__， just as Mitthu, I am not able to do so. Mitthu and I might be two different beings but we are __50__ in a similar situation. I am afraid of flying. I am afraid my behavior might hurt my parents' feelings. These emotions and __51__ will never really allow us to fly independently!
It's good for parents to love and __52__ their children, but, sometimes, over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future and __53__ children's decisions. True __54__ is to allow kids to grow freely and let them try __55__ things. Thus, they will be brimming with confidence and courage.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以鹦鹉被剪掉翅膀以后无法真正接触外界的例子引出自己的经历：父母的溺爱让作者无法真正成长，无法独立，以此劝诫父母要正确地爱，不要过度保护。
41．A.primitive B．extensive
C．aggressive D．possessive
解析：primitive 原始的；extensive 广阔的，大量的；aggressive 有侵略性的；possessive 占有的，不愿分享的。根据下文“they trimmed (剪掉) its wings”可知，作者的家人占有欲太强。故选D。
42．A.survive B．escape
C．appear D．change
解析：survive 生存；escape 逃跑；appear 出现；change 改变。根据上文“they trimmed (剪掉) its wings”可知，鹦鹉被剪掉了翅膀，所以离开家它就不能生存。故选A。
43．A.come around B．fly away
C．come back D．take shape
解析：come around 苏醒；发生；fly away 飞走；come back 回来；take shape 成形 。根据上文“Mitthu wasn't kept in a cage.”可知，鹦鹉没有被关进笼子里，所以作者想知道它为什么不飞走。故选B。
44．A.ignore B．represent
C．shift D．face
解析：ignore 忽视；represent 代表；shift 转移；face 面对。根据上文“it didn't want to leave the luxurious life”可知，此处指鹦鹉不想放弃奢华的生活，也不想面对残酷的生活现实。故选D。
45．A.realized B．expected
C．dismissed D．convinced
解析：句意：随着年龄的增长，我意识到Mitthu和我的生活并没有太大的不同。realize 意识到；expect 期盼；dismiss 解雇；convince 使相信。故选A。
46．A.evaluated B．educated
C．tended D．exposed
解析：句意：我被溺爱和细心照顾着。evaluate 评估；educate 教育；tend 照顾；趋向；expose 暴露。故选C。
47．A.keeping up with B．coming down to
C．breaking away from D．getting along with
解析：keep up with 保持；come down to 归结为；break away from 脱离；离开；get along with 与……相处。根据下文“My house became my whole world”可知，作者被禁止与外界真正相处。故选D。
48．A.bunch B．cage
C．light D．cave
解析：bunch 一束；cage 笼子；light 光；cave 洞穴。根据上文“Mitthu's life wasn't very different from mine”可知，作者和鹦鹉一样被困在一个看不见的笼子里。故选B。
49．A.rarely B．gradually
C．sadly D．violently
解析：rarely 罕见地；gradually 逐渐地；sadly 悲伤地；violently 暴力地。根据下文“I am not able to do so”可知，作者不能在外面自由飞翔，所以感到很难过。故选C。
50．A.trapped B．frozen
C．hatched D．stored
解析：trap 使陷于(尤指危险之地)；freeze 结冰；hatch 孵出；store 储存。根据上下文语境和“in a similar situation”可知，作者和Mitthu有着同样的境遇，都一直待在看不见的笼子里，被相似的境地所困。故选A。
51．A.strength B．sympathy
C．commitment D．attachment
解析：句意：这些情感和依恋永远不会让我们真正地独立飞翔！strength 力量；sympathy 同情；commitment 忠诚；attachment 依恋。故选D。
52．A.adopt B．ban
C．protect D．entertain
解析：adopt 领养；ban 禁止；protect 保护；entertain 娱乐。根据上文“love”和下文“over protectiveness”可知，此处指父母保护孩子。故选C。
53．A.influence B．support
C．forecast D．comprise
解析： influence 影响；support 支持；forecast 预测；comprise 包含。根据上文“over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future”可知，父母的过度保护可能会伤害孩子的未来，影响孩子的决定。故选A。
54．A.harmony B．love
C．freedom D．equality
解析： harmony 和谐；love 爱；freedom 自由；equality 平等。根据上文“sometimes, over protectiveness from parents might harm their children's future and __53__ children's decisions”可知，此处说明真正的爱是什么样的。故选B。
55．A.humble B．different
C．unique D．intense
解析： humble 谦逊的；different 不同的；unique 独特的；intense 强烈的。根据上文“to allow kids to grow freely”可知，真正的爱是让孩子自由成长，让他们尝试不同的事物。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China plans to expand its space station to six modules (舱) from three in coming years, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology said on Wednesday.
The space station will play __56__ important role as “space home port”， __57__ (provide) an alternative platform for near Earth missions as the International Space Station (ISS) nears the end of its lifespan (寿命). The ISS __58__ (expect) to be decommissioned (退役) after 2030. The lifetime of the Chinese space station will be more than 15 years. It is longer than the 10 years the country __59__ (previous) announced.
China's self built space station, also __60__ (know) as Tiangong, or Sky Palace in Chinese, has been __61__ full operation since late 2022. And it hosts a maximum of three astronauts at an orbital altitude of up to 450 kilometers.
It will have a weight of 180 tonnes after expansion, about 40 percent of the mass of the ISS, __62__ has been in orbit for over two decades.
Regarding the expansion, another module is also in the plan. Other plans, including the development of large space telescopes, 3D printers, intelligent robots __63__ a warning system, are also underway.
Chinese state media said last year that China would be matchless as the ISS was approaching __64__ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several countries __65__ (send) their astronauts to the Chinese station.
56.__________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________ 60.________
61.__________ 62.________ 63.________ 64.________ 65.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国计划在未来几年内将“天宫”空间站从三个舱扩展到六个舱，为宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。
56．答案：an
解析：考查冠词。play a ... role意为“发挥……作用”，为固定搭配，且important的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
57．答案：providing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语will play，设空处应用非谓语形式。provide与其逻辑主语The space station之间为主动关系，且表示理所应当的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填providing。
58．答案：is expected
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。be expected to do sth意为“预计/被期待做某事”，expect与主语The ISS之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语是单数。故填is expected。
59．答案：previously
解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词announced。故填previously。
60．答案：known
解析：考查非谓语动词。know与space station之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 故填known。
61．答案：in
解析：考查介词。in operation “在运行中”，为固定短语。故填in。
62．答案：which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
63．答案：and
解析：考查连词。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词of的宾语，应用and连接。故填and。
64．答案：retirement
解析：考查词性转换。此处作动词approaching的宾语，应用名词。故填retirement。
65．答案：to send
解析：考查非谓语动词。be requested to do sth “被请求做某事”，此处应用不定式作主语补足语。故填to send。
第四部分
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是新华中学学生会主席李华，你校将举办“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛。请给外教David写一封邮件邀请他来做评委。内容包括：
1．演讲相关信息(时间、地点等)；
2．询问对方的意向。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David，
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear David，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of Xinhua Middle School. Delighted and privileged, I am writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest, Telling China's Stories Well in English.
Aimed at spreading glorious Chinese history and cultivating national confidence, the speech contest is due to take place in our school auditorium on Dec. 15th. It starts at 9：00 am and will last for about 2 hours. Nine contestants will compete in the final,
each delivering two speeches, a prepared one and an impromptu one based on a topic chosen by the English teachers. The judges will score and comment on their performances at the end of the competition.
It would be our greatest honor if you could accept our invitation and get your time spared. If you have any more questions, feel free to call me at 1234567. Looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross－country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross－country team. It just took him longer—that's all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。David (大卫)患有脑部疾病，但他表现得和正常孩子一样。在越野比赛前，他因担心受到嘲笑而犹豫是否参加比赛。作者作为了解他的老师，对他说了什么？当作者看到David在起跑线后，比赛中又发生了什么？
[精彩范文]
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He hung his head, trying to avoid eye contact with me. It was a tricky moment, calling for a good choice of words. Having thought it over, I mentioned some events which won people's praise for his determination and perseverance.His face began to lighten. He added that even the judges thumbed up at him. The whistle went off and the competitors began to take their places. To my joy, David slowly rose to his feet.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around. Pushing forward without balance, he was left behind. However, when he came into sight, the spectators burst into thunderous cheers and applause. Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.It turned out that he achieved his best record ever. Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future.
