2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——动词词组辨析（一）（含答案）

2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——动词词组辨析（一）
考点1：look after / look for
用法精讲
look after：照料（= take care of）
look for：寻找（= search for）
速记口诀：after照料，for寻找
典型例题：
She stays home to _____ her sick mother. (look after)
I need to _____ my lost keys. (look for)
举一反三：
Who will _____ the dog while we're away (look after)
He is _____ a new job. (looking for)
They _____ the missing child everywhere. (looked for)
考点2：give up / give in
用法精讲
give up：放弃（+ 名词/动名词）
give in：屈服（+ to）
速记口诀：up放弃，in屈服
典型例题：
Never _____ your dreams! (give up)
He finally _____ to their demands. (gave in)
举一反三：
She _____ smoking last year. (gave up)
Don't _____ pressure. (give in to)
They refused to _____. (give in)
考点3：take off / put on
用法精讲
take off：脱下（衣物）；起飞
put on：穿上（衣物）；上演
速记口诀：off脱衣起飞，on穿衣上演
典型例题：
_____ your coat; it's warm here. (Take off)
The play will _____ next week. (be put on)
举一反三：
The plane _____ at 9 a.m. (takes off)
He _____ his hat before leaving. (put on)
_____ your shoes at the door. (Take off)
考点4：turn on / turn off
用法精讲
turn on：打开（电器）
turn off：关闭（电器）
速记口诀：on开，off关
典型例题：
_____ the light when you leave. (Turn off)
Could you _____ the TV (turn on)
举一反三：
Don't forget to _____ the tap. (turn off)
She _____ the radio for news. (turned on)
_____ the fan; it's hot. (Turn on)
考点5：get on / get off
用法精讲
get on：上车/船；进展
get off：下车/船
速记口诀：on上车进展，off下车离开
典型例题：
_____ the bus at the next stop. (Get off)
How are you _____ with your studies (getting on)
举一反三：
They _____ the train at platform 3. (got on)
Please _____ at the hospital. (get off)
She _____ well with her colleagues. (gets on)
考点6：run out / run into
用法精讲
run out：耗尽（物作主语）
run into：偶遇；撞上
速记口诀：out耗尽，into偶遇
典型例题：
Our food is _____. (running out)
I _____ an old friend yesterday. (ran into)
举一反三：
Time is _____. (running out)
He _____ a tree while cycling. (ran into)
The car _____ a wall. (ran into)
考点7：call off / put off
用法精讲
call off：取消
put off：推迟
速记口诀：off取消，off推迟
典型例题：
The match was _____ due to rain. (called off)
We had to _____ the meeting. (put off)
举一反三：
_____ the picnic; it's stormy. (Call off)
Never _____ till tomorrow. (put off)
They _____ the wedding. (called off)
考点8：bring up / grow up
用法精讲
bring up：抚养；提出话题
grow up：长大
速记口诀：up抚养提话题，up长大成人
典型例题：
She was _____ in London. (brought up)
What do you want to be when you _____ (grow up)
举一反三：
He _____ an important issue. (brought up)
I want to _____ to be a doctor. (grow up)
They _____ their children strictly. (bring up)
考点9：carry on / go on
用法精讲
carry on：继续（+ with）
go on：发生；继续（+ doing）
速记口诀：on继续进行，on发生持续
典型例题：
_____ with your work. (Carry on)
What's _____ here (going on)
举一反三：
The show must _____. (go on)
She _____ talking despite the noise. (went on)
They _____ the discussion after lunch. (carried on)
考点10：break down / break up
用法精讲
break down：故障；崩溃
break up：分手；解散
速记口诀：down故障崩溃，up分手解散
典型例题：
The car _____ on the highway. (broke down)
The band _____ last year. (broke up)
举一反三：
She _____ after the bad news. (broke down)
They decided to _____. (break up)
My computer _____ again. (broke down)
考点11：set up / take up
用法精讲
set up：建立；安排
take up：开始从事；占据
速记口诀：up建立安排，up从事占据
典型例题：
They _____ a new company. (set up)
Gardening _____ much of my time. (takes up)
举一反三：
He _____ a meeting with the manager. (set up)
She _____ painting recently. (took up)
The sofa _____ too much space. (takes up)
考点12：hold on / hold up
用法精讲
hold on：稍等（电话）；坚持
hold up：举起；延误
速记口诀：on稍等坚持，up举起延误
典型例题：
_____ a moment, please. (Hold on)
The accident _____ traffic. (held up)
举一反三：
_____ your hand if you know the answer. (Hold up)
The flight was _____ by bad weather. (held up)
_____! Help is coming. (Hold on)
考点13：come across / come up
用法精讲
come across：偶遇；给人印象
come up：出现；被提及
速记口诀：across偶遇印象，up出现提及
典型例题：
I _____ an old photo in the attic. (came across)
A problem _____ during the meeting. (came up)
举一反三：
He _____ as very confident. (comes across)
The topic _____ in conversation. (came up)
She _____ a rare book. (came across)
考点14：cut down / cut off
用法精讲
cut down：削减；砍倒
cut off：切断；中断
速记口诀：down削减砍倒，off切断中断
典型例题：
We need to _____ expenses. (cut down)
The storm _____ power supply. (cut off)
举一反三：
They _____ the dead tree. (cut down)
The call was _____ suddenly. (cut off)
_____ sugar to stay healthy. (Cut down on)
考点15：stand for / stand out
用法精讲
stand for：代表（缩写）；支持
stand out：突出；显眼
速记口诀：for代表支持，out突出显眼
典型例题：
"UN" _____ the United Nations. (stands for)
Her red dress _____ in the crowd. (stood out)
举一反三：
What does "CEO" _____ (stand for)
His talent _____ among others. (stands out)
We _____ equal rights. (stand for)
动词词组闯关训练
1.Please _____ the baby while I'm cooking.
A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
2.Don't _____; keep trying!
A. give in B. give up C. give off D. give away
3._____ your jacket; it's cold outside.
A. Take off B. Put on C. Turn on D. Turn off
4.__ the water when brushing teeth.
A. Turn on B. Turn off C. Take off D. Put on
5._____ the subway at Central Station.
A. Get on B. Get off C. Get up D. Get over
6.Our time is _____; hurry up!
A. running out B. running into C. running after D. running over
7.The concert was _____ due to rain.
A. put off B. called off C. taken off D. set off
8.He was _____ by his grandparents.
A. grown up B. brought up C. taken up D. held up
9._____ the good work!
A. Go on B. Carry on C. Hold on D. Come on
10.My phone _____ yesterday.
A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke into
11.She _____ a new hobby last month.
A. set up B. took up C. put up D. gave up
12._____ the line; I'll be back soon.
A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold off D. Hold back
13.I _____ my teacher at the mall.
A. came across B. came up C. came over D. came out
14._____ trees harms the environment.
A. Cutting down B. Cutting off C. Cutting in D. Cutting up
15."VIP" _____ "Very Important Person".
A. stands out B. stands for C. stands by D. stands up
【答案】
1.B（look after 照料）
2.B（give up 放弃）
3.B（put on 穿上）
4.B（turn off 关闭）
5.B（get off 下车）
6.A（run out 耗尽）
7.B（call off 取消）
8.B（brought up 抚养）
9.B（carry on 继续）
10.A（broke down 故障）
11.B（took up 开始从事）
12.B（hold on 稍等）
13.A（came across 偶遇）
14.A（cutting down 砍伐）
15.B（stands for 代表）