【高考突破方案】语法 专题3 第3讲 名词性从句 高考一轮总复习英语课件

(共29张PPT)
语法悟通　专题突破
专题三　三大从句和特殊句式
第三讲　名词性从句
集训夯基 · 素养提能
考点突破 · 精讲即练
考点突破 · 精讲即练
情景导入
What① worries my classmate，Mary，a lot these days is that② she is putting on weight quickly and thus falls ill frequently.She has some doubts whether③ she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can't sleep well these days.Maybe this explains that④ she has become fatter these days，she thinks.
用法感悟
①What引导_____从句，并在从句中作_____。
②that引导_____从句，在从句中不作成分，不能省略。
③whether引导______从句，意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分，不能省略。
④that引导_____从句，在从句中不作成分，可以省略。
主语
主语
表语
同位语
宾语
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词(短语)，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下：
考点一　连接词that与whether/if
一、连接词that的用法
1．that在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
I love the fact that Chinese buses, motorcycles, trains and aircraft are either economical or cheap.
我喜欢中国的公共汽车、摩托车、火车和飞机，既经济又便宜。
【点津】
that引导宾语从句时几种不能省略的情况：
①that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略；③宾语从句前有插入语时；④that引导的宾语从句位于句首时。
2．that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语的常用句型有：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important, certain等)＋that从句
It is unlikely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受那样的提议。
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity, a shame, a surprise, no wonder等)＋that从句
It is a pity that your composition has so many spelling mistakes.
很可惜，你的作文有这么多的拼写错误。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said, reported, decided等)＋that从句
It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.
已决定会议推迟到下周一举行。
(4)It＋特殊动词(短语)(seems, appears, happens, matters, turns out, makes no difference 等)＋that从句
It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do.
结果表明，大脑像肌肉一样都需要锻炼。
【点津】
在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。
①It is a pity＋that ...
②It is necessary/strange/important/natural ...＋that ...
③It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desired...＋that...
3．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)find, feel, think, consider, make, believe 等的宾语后有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on 等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我保证照顾好他。
二、连接词whether与if引导的名词性从句
1．引导主语从句(if引导主语只能放在句尾，前面要用it作形式主语。)、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether。
2．whether与if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换，但下列情况下宜用whether：
①后面直接跟or not时；
②用于介词后引导宾语从句时。
【点津】
doubt后接从句时，如果用于肯定句，从句的引导词用whether或if；用于否定句或疑问句时，从句的引导词常用that。
The doctor really doubts whether/if my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
医生真的怀疑我母亲是否能很快从重病中康复。
即时演练(一)
单句语法填空
1．_______ people in London speak fast and use unfamiliar words made Xie Lei confused at first.
2．Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact _______ he doesn't have what it takes to be a professional.
3．His capability has never been in doubt; the question is __________ he is prepared to put efforts.
That
that
whether
4．Sometimes, I really doubt _____________ there is love between my parents.They quarrel on a regular basis.
5．It is reported _______ we must be cautious about earthquakes nowadays.
whether/if
that
考点二　连接代词
一、what的用法
what可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语等。what引导名词性从句时有两个意思：一是表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。
Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，要相信我们所做的事情和我们自己。
二、whatever，whoever, whomever，whichever与what, who, whom, which的区别
whatever 意为“……的任何(事物)，无论什么东西”，相当于anything that，在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或定语
what 可引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
whoever 意为“……的任何人”，相当于anyone who，在名词性从句中作主语或宾语
who 可引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，通常保留疑问的含义，即“谁”
What worries us most is who let out the secret.
最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。
whomever 意为“任何人；无论是谁”，在名词性从句中作宾语
whom 在名词性从句中作宾语，意为“谁”
whichever 意为“无论哪个/哪些”，表示有范围的选择，在名词性从句中一般作定语
which 意为“哪一个”，在名词性从句中可一般作定语，表示有范围的选择
即时演练(二)
单句语法填空
1．_______ she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
2．We wrote a letter of thanks to __________had helped us.
3．The problem is ______ should be sent to help them out.
What
whoever
who
4．I'm in a puzzle about ________ is the right answer to the question.
5．Libraries have evolved as the public's needs have changed. In fact, if you haven't visited your local public library for a while, you may be surprised at _______ it now has to offer.
which
what
考点三　连接副词
引导名词性从句的连接副词有when，where，why，how等，它们均在从句中作状语。
I have no idea when she will be back.
我不知道她何时回来。
I've been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.
我一直考虑我们如何能使报纸更有趣。
That's why I want you to work there.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
即时演练(三)
单句语法填空
1．What puzzles Mike's friends is ______ he refused an offer from Yale university yesterday.
2．What some teenagers don't realize is ______ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.
why
how
3．It is the ability to do the job that matters, not ________ you come from or what you are.
4．Getting up early also relieves stress and tension because it gives you the time to squeeze in a workout before you get distracted (分神). This is ______ morning people tend to be healthier and happier.
where
why
【例1】　The student completed this experiment to make what Professor Joseph had said come true.
分析：句意：这个学生完成这个实验是为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实。make e true让某事成为现实。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作had said的宾语，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【例2】　However, there are problems.The biggest one is that there are not enough low-priced items.
分析：句意：然而，存在一些问题。最大的问题是没有足够的低价商品。设空处引导表语从句，从句意思完整且不缺少任何成分，应用that引导。故填that。